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User’s Manual
HEIDENHAIN
Conversational
Programming
TNC 320
NC Software 340 551-01
English (en) 3/2006
Controls on the visual display unit
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˜
§a›4^˜›^F˜’pO›_cF©˜•p§’
Machine operating modes
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˜ p’a›apmamV˜§a›^˜ "m¤"d˜ "›"˜ mz¤›˜| } ˜ •pV•"h˜ ¤m:˜ amVdF˜ dp4c ˜ •pV•"h˜ ¤m:˜ ¤dd˜ F„¤Fm4F
Programming modes
˜ •pV•"hhamV˜"m=˜ =a›amV
˜ F’›˜ ¤m
Program/file management, TNC functions
˜ FdF4›˜p•˜=FdF›F˜z•pV•"h’˜"m=˜OadF’¨›F•m"d˜="›"˜›•"m’OF• ˜ FOamF˜z•pV•"h˜4"dd:˜’FdF4›˜="›¤h˜"m=˜zpam›˜›"*dF’
˜ ˜ ¤m4›apm’
˜ ^p§˜^Fdz˜›F¨›’˜"m=˜add¤’›•"›apm’
˜ a’zd"©˜"dd˜4¤••Fm›˜F••p•˜hF’’"VF’
˜ p4cF›˜4"d4¤d"›p•
Moving the highlight, going directly to blocks, cycles and parameter functions
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p¦F˜^aV^daV^› |
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Override control knobs for feed rate/spindle speed
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50 |
150 |
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F % |
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S % |
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Programming path movements
˜ zz•p"4^—=Fz"•›˜4pm›p¤•
˜ ˜O•FF˜4pm›p¤•˜z•pV•"hhamV
˜ ›•"aV^›˜damF
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˜ a•4¤d"•˜"•4˜§a›^˜•"=a¤’ |
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^"hOF•—4p•mF•˜•p¤m=amV |
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Tool functions |
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m›F•˜"m=˜4"dd˜›ppd˜dFmV›^˜"m=˜•"=a¤’ |
Cycles, subprograms and program section repeats |
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FOamF˜"m=˜4"dd˜4©4dF’ |
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m›F•˜"m=˜4"dd˜d"*Fd’˜Op•˜’¤*z•pV•"hhamV˜"m=˜ |
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z•pV•"h˜’F4›apm˜•FzF"›’ |
˜ •pV•"h˜’›pz˜am˜"˜z•pV•"h ˜ FOamF˜›p¤4^˜z•p*F˜4©4dF’
Coordinate axes and numbers: Entering and editing
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˜ pm4d¤=F˜*dp4c:˜F¨a›˜Fm›•©
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˜ *p•›˜=a"dpV:˜=FdF›F˜z•pV•"h˜’F4›apm
Navigation in dialogs
˜ p˜O¤m4›apm˜"›˜z•F’Fm›
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TNC Model, Software and Features
This manual describes functions and features provided by TNCs as of the following NC software numbers.
TNC model |
NC software number |
TNC 320 |
340 551-xx |
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The machine tool builder adapts the usable features of the TNC to his machine by setting machine parameters. Some of the functions described in this manual may not be among the features provided by your machine tool.
TNC functions that may not be available on your machine include:
Probing function for the 3-D touch probe
Rigid tapping
Returning to the contour after an interruption
In addition, the TNC 320 also has software options that can be enabled by your machine tool builder.
Software option
1st additional axis for 4 axes and open-loop spindle
2nd additional axis for 5 axes and open-loop spindle
Please contact your machine tool builder to become familiar with the features of your machine.
Many machine manufacturers, as well as HEIDENHAIN, offer programming courses for the TNCs. We recommend these courses as an effective way of improving your programming skill and sharing information and ideas with other TNC users.
Location of use
The TNC complies with the limits for a Class A device in accordance with the specifications in EN 55022, and is intended for use primarily in industrially-zoned areas.
HEIDENHAIN TNC 320 |
5 |
Contents
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Introduction |
1 |
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2 |
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Manual Operation and Setup |
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Positioning with Manual Data Input |
3 |
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(MDI) |
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Programming: Fundamentals of File |
4 |
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Management, Programming Aids |
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Programming: Tools |
5 |
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Programming: Programming Contours |
6 |
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7 |
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Programming: Miscellaneous Functions |
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8 |
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Programming: Cycles |
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Programming: Subprograms and |
9 |
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Program Section Repeats |
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Programming: Q Parameters |
10 |
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Test Run and Program Run |
11 |
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12 |
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MOD Functions |
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13 |
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Touch Probe Cycles |
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14 |
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Technical Information |
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HEIDENHAIN TNC 320 |
7 |
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1 Introduction ..... |
27 |
1.1 The TNC 320 ..... |
28 |
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Programming: HEIDENHAIN conversational format ..... |
28 |
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Compatibility |
..... 28 |
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1.2 |
Visual Display Unit and Operating Panel ..... |
29 |
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Visual display unit |
..... 29 |
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Screen layout ..... |
29 |
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Operating panel ..... |
30 |
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1.3 |
Modes of Operation ..... |
31 |
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Manual operation and electronic handwheel |
..... 31 |
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Positioning with Manual Data Input (MDI) ..... |
31 |
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Programming and editing ..... |
31 |
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Test Run ..... |
32 |
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Program Run, Full Sequence and Program Run, Single Block ..... |
32 |
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1.4 |
Status Displays ..... |
33 |
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“General” status display ..... |
33 |
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Additional status displays ..... |
34 |
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1.5 |
Accessories: HEIDENHAIN 3-D Touch Probes and Electronic Handwheels ..... |
37 |
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3-D touch probes ..... |
37 |
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HR electronic handwheels ..... |
37 |
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HEIDENHAIN TNC 320 |
9 |
.....2 Manual Operation and Setup |
39 |
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2.1 |
Switch-On, Switch-Off |
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40 |
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Switch-on ..... |
40 |
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Switch-off ..... |
41 |
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2.2 |
Moving the Machine Axes |
..... 42 |
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Note ..... |
42 |
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To traverse with the machine axis direction buttons: |
..... 42 |
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Incremental jog positioning ..... |
43 |
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Traversing with the HR 410 electronic handwheel ..... |
44 |
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2.3 |
Spindle Speed S, Feed Rate F and Miscellaneous Functions M ..... |
45 |
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Function |
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45 |
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Entering values ..... |
45 |
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Changing the spindle speed and feed rate |
..... 46 |
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2.4 |
Datum Setting (Without a 3-D Touch Probe) ..... |
47 |
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Note ..... |
47 |
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Preparation ..... |
47 |
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Datum setting with axis keys ..... |
47 |
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3 Positioning with Manual Data Input (MDI) |
..... 49 |
3.1 Programming and Executing Simple Machining Operations ..... 50 |
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Positioning with Manual Data Input (MDI) ..... |
50 |
Protecting and erasing programs in $MDI ..... |
52 |
HEIDENHAIN TNC 320 |
11 |
4 Programming: Fundamentals of NC, File Management, Programming Aids ..... |
53 |
4.1 Fundamentals ..... |
54 |
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Position encoders and reference marks |
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54 |
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Reference system ..... |
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Reference system on milling machines |
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55 |
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Polar coordinates ..... |
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56 |
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Absolute and incremental workpiece positions ..... |
57 |
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Setting the datum ..... |
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58 |
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4.2 File Management: Fundamentals ..... |
59 |
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Files ..... |
59 |
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Screen keypad |
..... 60 |
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Data backup ..... |
60 |
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4.3 Working with the File Manager ..... |
61 |
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Directories ..... |
61 |
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Paths ..... |
61 |
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Overview: Functions of the file manager ..... |
62 |
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Calling the file manager ..... |
63 |
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Selecting drives, directories and files ..... |
64 |
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Creating a new directory |
..... 65 |
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Copying a single file |
..... 66 |
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Copying a directory |
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66 |
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Choosing one of the last 10 files selected ..... |
67 |
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Deleting a file ..... |
67 |
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Deleting a directory |
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Marking files ..... |
68 |
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Renaming a file ..... |
69 |
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File sorting ..... |
69 |
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Additional functions |
..... |
69 |
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Data transfer to or from an external data medium ..... |
70 |
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Copying files into another directory ..... |
72 |
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The TNC in a network ..... |
73 |
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USB devices on the TNC |
..... 74 |
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4.4 Creating and Writing Programs ..... |
75 |
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Organization of an NC program in HEIDENHAIN conversational format ..... |
75 |
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Defining the blank form – BLK FORM ..... |
75 |
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Creating a new part program ..... |
76 |
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Programming tool movements in conversational format ..... |
78 |
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Actual position capture ..... |
79 |
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Editing a program ..... |
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80 |
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The TNC search function ..... |
83 |
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12
4.5 Interactive Programming Graphics ..... |
85 |
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Generating / Not generating graphics during programming: ..... |
85 |
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Generating a graphic for an existing program ..... |
85 |
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Block number display ON/OFF ..... |
86 |
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Erasing the graphic |
..... 86 |
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Magnifying or reducing a detail ..... |
86 |
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4.6 Adding Comments ..... |
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87 |
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Function ..... |
87 |
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Adding a comment line ..... |
87 |
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Functions for editing of the comment ..... |
87 |
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4.7 Integrated Pocket Calculator ..... |
88 |
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Operation ..... |
88 |
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4.8 The Error Messages ..... |
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90 |
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Display of errors ..... |
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Open the error window. ..... |
90 |
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Close the error window ..... |
90 |
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Detailed error messages ..... |
91 |
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DETAILS soft key ..... |
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91 |
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Clearing errors ..... |
91 |
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Error log file ..... |
92 |
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Keystroke log file ..... |
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92 |
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Informational texts |
..... |
93 |
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Saving service files ..... |
93 |
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HEIDENHAIN TNC 320 |
13 |
5 Programming: Tools |
..... 95 |
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5.1 Entering Tool-Related Data ..... |
96 |
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Feed rate F ..... |
96 |
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Spindle speed S ..... |
97 |
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5.2 Tool Data ..... |
98 |
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Requirements for tool compensation ..... |
98 |
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Tool numbers and tool names ..... |
98 |
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Tool length L ..... |
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Tool radius R ..... |
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99 |
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Delta values for lengths and radii ..... |
99 |
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Entering tool data into the program ..... |
99 |
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Entering tool data in the table |
..... 100 |
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Pocket table for tool changer ..... |
104 |
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Calling tool data |
..... 106 |
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Tool change ..... |
107 |
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5.3 Tool Compensation |
..... 109 |
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Introduction ..... |
109 |
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Tool length compensation ..... |
109 |
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Tool radius compensation ..... |
110 |
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14
6 Programming: Programming Contours |
..... 113 |
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6.1 Tool Movements |
..... |
114 |
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Path functions ..... |
114 |
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FK Free Contour Programming |
..... |
114 |
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Miscellaneous functions M ..... |
114 |
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Subprograms and program section repeats ..... |
114 |
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Programming with Q parameters |
..... 114 |
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6.2 Fundamentals of Path Functions ..... |
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115 |
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Programming tool movements for workpiece machining |
..... 115 |
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6.3 Contour Approach and Departure ..... |
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119 |
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Overview: Types of paths for contour approach and departure ..... |
119 |
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Important positions for approach and departure |
..... 119 |
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Approaching on a straight line with tangential connection: APPR LT ..... |
121 |
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Approaching on a straight line perpendicular to the first contour point: APPR LN ..... 121 |
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Approaching on a circular path with tangential connection: APPR CT ..... |
122 |
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Approaching on a circular arc with tangential connection from a straight line to the contour: APPR LCT ..... |
122 |
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Departing on a straight line with tangential connection: DEP LT ..... |
123 |
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Departing on a straight line perpendicular to the last contour point: DEP LN ..... |
123 |
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Departure on a circular path with tangential connection: DEP CT ..... |
124 |
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Departing on a circular arc tangentially connecting the contour and a straight line: DEP LCT ..... 124 |
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6.4 Path Contours—Cartesian Coordinates ..... |
125 |
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Overview of path functions ..... |
125 |
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Straight Line L ..... |
125 |
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Inserting a Chamfer CHF between Two Straight Lines ..... |
126 |
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Corner Rounding RND ..... |
127 |
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Circle center CC ..... |
128 |
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Circular path C around circle center CC |
..... |
129 |
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Circular path CR with defined radius ..... |
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129 |
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Circular Path CT with Tangential Connection ..... |
131 |
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6.5 Path Contours—Polar Coordinates ..... |
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136 |
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Overview ..... |
136 |
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Polar coordinate origin: Pole CC ..... |
136 |
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Straight line LP ..... |
137 |
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Circular path CP around pole CC ..... |
137 |
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Circular Path CTP with Tangential Connection ..... |
138 |
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Helical interpolation ..... |
138 |
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|
||
HEIDENHAIN TNC 320 |
15 |
6.6 Path Contours—FK Free Contour Programming ..... |
143 |
||||
Fundamentals ..... |
|
143 |
|
|
|
Graphics during FK programming ..... |
144 |
|
|||
Initiating the FK dialog ..... |
145 |
|
|
||
Free programming of straight lines ..... |
146 |
|
|||
Free programming of circular arcs ..... |
146 |
|
|||
Input possibilities |
..... 147 |
|
|
|
|
Auxiliary points ..... |
|
150 |
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|
|
Relative data ..... |
151 |
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|
16
.....7 Programming: Miscellaneous Functions |
159 |
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|||||
7.1 |
Entering Miscellaneous Functions M and STOP ..... |
160 |
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||||
|
Fundamentals ..... |
160 |
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|
7.2 |
Miscellaneous Functions for Program Run Control, Spindle and Coolant |
..... 162 |
|
|||||||
|
Overview ..... |
162 |
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|
7.3 |
Programming machine-referenced coordinates: M91/M92 ..... |
163 |
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||||||
|
Programming machine-referenced coordinates: M91/M92 |
..... |
163 |
|
|
|||||
7.4 |
Miscellaneous Functions for Contouring Behavior |
..... 165 |
|
|
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|
||||
|
Machining small contour steps: M97 ..... |
165 |
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|||
|
Machining open contours: M98 |
..... 167 |
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||
|
Feed rate for circular arcs: M109/M110/M111 ..... |
167 |
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||||
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Calculating the radius-compensated path in advance (LOOK AHEAD): M120 ..... |
168 |
||||||||
|
Superimposing handwheel positioning during program run: M118 ..... |
169 |
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|||||||
|
Retraction from the contour in the tool-axis direction: M140 ..... |
169 |
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||||||
|
Suppressing touch probe monitoring: M141 ..... |
170 |
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||||
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Delete basic rotation: M143 ..... |
171 |
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||
|
Automatically retract tool from the contour at an NC stop: M148 ..... |
171 |
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|||||||
7.5 |
Miscellaneous Functions for Rotary Axes ..... |
172 |
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|||
|
Feed rate in mm/min on rotary axes A, B, C: M116 ..... 172 |
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||||||
|
Shorter-path traverse of rotary axes: M126 ..... |
173 |
|
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||||
|
Reducing display of a rotary axis to a value less than 360°: M94 ..... |
174 |
|
|||||||
HEIDENHAIN TNC 320 |
17 |
.....8 Programming: Cycles |
|
175 |
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|
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8.1 Working with Cycles ..... |
176 |
|
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||
Machine-specific cycles ..... |
176 |
|
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|
|||
Defining a cycle using soft keys ..... |
|
177 |
|
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||||
Defining a cycle using the GOTO function ..... |
|
177 |
|
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||||||
Calling cycles |
..... 179 |
|
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|
|
8.2 Cycles for Drilling, Tapping and Thread Milling ..... |
|
180 |
|
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||||||
Overview ..... |
180 |
|
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|
|
DRILLING (Cycle 200) |
..... 182 |
|
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|||
REAMING (Cycle 201) |
..... 184 |
|
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|
|||
BORING (Cycle 202) ..... |
|
186 |
|
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||
UNIVERSAL DRILLING (Cycle 203) ..... |
188 |
|
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|
|||||
BACK BORING (Cycle 204) ..... |
190 |
|
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|
||||
UNIVERSAL PECKING (Cycle 205) ..... |
192 |
|
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|
|||||
BORE MILLING (Cycle 208) |
..... 195 |
|
|
|
|
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|
||||
TAPPING NEW with floating tap holder (Cycle 206) ..... |
197 |
|
|
||||||||
RIGID TAPPING without a floating tap holder NEW (Cycle 207) |
..... 199 |
|
|||||||||
TAPPING WITH CHIP BREAKING (Cycle 209) |
..... 201 |
|
|
|
|||||||
Fundamentals of thread milling ..... |
203 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
THREAD MILLING (Cycle 262) ..... |
205 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
THREAD MILLING/COUNTERSINKING (Cycle 263) ..... |
207 |
|
|
||||||||
THREAD DRILLING/MILLING (Cycle 264) ..... |
|
211 |
|
|
|
||||||
HELICAL THREAD DRILLING/MILLING (Cycle 265) ..... |
215 |
|
|
||||||||
OUTSIDE THREAD MILLING (Cycle 267) ..... |
|
219 |
|
|
|
||||||
8.3 Cycles for Milling Pockets, Studs and Slots ..... |
225 |
|
|
|
|||||||
Overview ..... |
225 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
POCKET MILLING (Cycle 4) |
..... 226 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
POCKET FINISHING (Cycle 212) ..... |
|
228 |
|
|
|
|
|
||||
STUD FINISHING (Cycle 213) ..... |
230 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
CIRCULAR POCKET (Cycle 5) ..... |
232 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
CIRCULAR POCKET FINISHING (Cycle 214) |
..... |
234 |
|
|
|
||||||
CIRCULAR STUD FINISHING (Cycle 215) ..... |
|
236 |
|
|
|
||||||
SLOT (oblong hole) with reciprocating plunge-cut (Cycle 210) ..... |
238 |
|
|||||||||
CIRCULAR SLOT (oblong hole) with reciprocating plunge-cut (Cycle 211) ..... |
241 |
||||||||||
8.4 Cycles for Machining Point Patterns ..... |
|
247 |
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Overview ..... |
247 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CIRCULAR PATTERN (Cycle 220) |
..... |
248 |
|
|
|
|
|
||||
LINEAR PATTERN (Cycle 221) ..... |
250 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
18
8.5 SL Cycles ..... |
254 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fundamentals ..... |
254 |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Overview of SL Cycles ..... |
256 |
|
|
|
||||
CONTOUR (Cycle 14) ..... |
256 |
|
|
|
|
|||
Overlapping contours ..... |
257 |
|
|
|
|
|||
CONTOUR DATA (Cycle 20) ..... |
|
260 |
|
|
||||
PILOT DRILLING (Cycle 21) ..... |
|
261 |
|
|
||||
ROUGH-OUT (Cycle 22) ..... |
262 |
|
|
|||||
FLOOR FINISHING (Cycle 23) ..... |
|
263 |
|
|
||||
SIDE FINISHING (Cycle 24) ..... |
|
264 |
|
|
||||
8.6 Cycles for Multipass Milling ..... |
268 |
|
|
|||||
Overview ..... |
|
268 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
MULTIPASS MILLING (Cycle 230) ..... |
268 |
|
||||||
RULED SURFACE (Cycle 231) |
..... |
270 |
|
|
||||
FACE MILLING (Cycle 232) ..... |
|
273 |
|
|
||||
8.7 Coordinate Transformation Cycles ..... |
281 |
|
||||||
Overview ..... |
|
281 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Effect of coordinate transformations ..... |
281 |
|
||||||
DATUM SHIFT (Cycle 7) ..... |
282 |
|
|
|||||
DATUM SHIFT with datum tables (Cycle 7) ..... |
283 |
|||||||
MIRROR IMAGE (Cycle 8) ..... |
286 |
|
|
|||||
ROTATION (Cycle 10) ..... |
288 |
|
|
|
|
|||
SCALING FACTOR (Cycle 11) ..... |
|
289 |
|
|
||||
AXIS-SPECIFIC SCALING (Cycle 26) ..... |
290 |
|
||||||
8.8 Special Cycles |
..... 293 |
|
|
|
|
|
||
DWELL TIME (Cycle 9) ..... |
293 |
|
|
|
||||
PROGRAM CALL (Cycle 12) ..... |
|
294 |
|
|
||||
ORIENTED SPINDLE STOP (Cycle 13) |
..... 295 |
|
||||||
HEIDENHAIN TNC 320 |
19 |
9 Programming: Subprograms and Program Section Repeats ..... |
297 |
9.1 |
Labeling Subprograms and Program Section Repeats ..... |
298 |
|||||||
|
Labels |
..... 298 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.2 |
Subprograms ..... |
299 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating sequence ..... |
|
299 |
|
|
|
|
||
|
Programming notes ..... |
|
299 |
|
|
|
|
||
|
Programming a subprogram |
..... 299 |
|
|
|||||
|
Calling a subprogram |
..... |
299 |
|
|
|
|||
9.3 |
Program Section Repeats ..... |
300 |
|
|
|
||||
|
Label LBL ..... |
300 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating sequence ..... |
|
300 |
|
|
|
|
||
|
Programming notes ..... |
|
300 |
|
|
|
|
||
|
Programming a program section repeat |
..... 300 |
|
||||||
|
Calling a program section repeat ..... |
300 |
|
||||||
9.4 |
Separate Program as Subprogram ..... |
301 |
|
|
|||||
|
Operating sequence ..... |
|
301 |
|
|
|
|
||
|
Programming notes ..... |
|
301 |
|
|
|
|
||
|
Calling any program as a subprogram ..... |
302 |
|
||||||
9.5 |
Nesting ..... |
303 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Types of nesting ..... |
303 |
|
|
|
|
|||
|
Nesting depth |
..... 303 |
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
Subprogram within a subprogram ..... |
303 |
|
||||||
|
Repeating program section repeats ..... |
304 |
|
||||||
|
Repeating a subprogram ..... |
305 |
|
|
|
||||
20
.....10 Programming: Q Parameters |
313 |
|
|
|
|
|
||||
10.1 |
Principle and Overview ..... |
314 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
Programming notes ..... |
315 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
Calling Q parameter functions ..... |
315 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||
10.2 |
Part Families—Q Parameters in Place of Numerical Values |
..... 316 |
|
|||||||
|
Example NC blocks ..... |
316 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
Example ..... |
316 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.3 |
Describing Contours through Mathematical Operations ..... |
317 |
|
|||||||
|
Function ..... |
317 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Overview ..... |
317 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Programming fundamental operations |
..... 318 |
|
|
|
|
||||
10.4 |
Trigonometric Functions ..... |
319 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
Definitions ..... |
319 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Programming trigonometric functions ..... |
320 |
|
|
|
|
||||
10.5 |
Calculating Circles ..... |
321 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
Function ..... |
321 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.6 |
If-Then Decisions with Q Parameters ..... |
322 |
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Function ..... |
322 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unconditional jumps ..... |
322 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
Programming If-Then decisions ..... |
322 |
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Abbreviations used: ..... |
323 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
10.7 |
Checking and Changing Q Parameters ..... |
324 |
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Procedure ..... |
324 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10.8 |
Additional Functions |
..... |
325 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Overview ..... |
325 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FN14: ERROR: Displaying error messages ..... |
326 |
|
|
|
|||||
|
FN16: F-PRINT: Formatted output of texts or Q parameter values ..... |
328 |
||||||||
|
FN18: SYS-DATUM READ Read system data ..... |
331 |
|
|
||||||
|
FN19: PLC: Transferring values to the PLC ..... |
339 |
|
|
|
|||||
|
FN20: WAIT FOR: NC and PLC synchronization ..... |
340 |
|
|
||||||
|
FN 25: PRESET: Setting a new datum ..... |
342 |
|
|
|
|
||||
|
FN29: PLC: Transferring values to the PLC ..... |
343 |
|
|
|
|||||
|
FN37:EXPORT ..... |
344 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
HEIDENHAIN TNC 320 |
21 |
10.9 Accessing Tables with SQL Commands ..... |
345 |
|
|
||||||
Introduction ..... |
|
345 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A Transaction ..... |
|
346 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Programming SQL commands ..... |
348 |
|
|
|
|
||||
Overview of the soft keys |
..... 348 |
|
|
|
|
||||
SQL BIND ..... |
349 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SQL SELECT ..... |
|
350 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SQL FETCH ..... |
|
353 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SQL UPDATE ..... |
|
354 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SQL INSERT ..... |
|
354 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SQL COMMIT |
..... |
355 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SQL ROLLBACK ..... |
355 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
10.10 Entering Formulas Directly ..... |
356 |
|
|
|
|
||||
Entering formulas ..... |
356 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Rules for formulas ..... |
358 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Programming example ..... |
359 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||
10.11 Preassigned Q Parameters ..... |
360 |
|
|
|
|
||||
Values from the PLC: Q100 to Q107 ..... |
360 |
|
|
|
|||||
Active tool radius: Q108 ..... |
360 |
|
|
|
|
||||
Tool axis: Q109 ..... |
360 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Spindle status: Q110 |
..... 361 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Coolant on/off: Q111 |
..... 361 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Overlap factor: Q112 |
..... 361 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Unit of measurement for dimensions in the program: Q113 ..... |
361 |
||||||||
Tool length: Q114 ..... |
361 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Coordinates after probing during program run |
..... 362 |
|
|||||||
10.12 String Parameters ..... |
363 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Working with string parameters |
..... 363 |
|
|
|
|
||||
Assigning string parameters ..... |
363 |
|
|
|
|
||||
String processing functions ..... |
364 |
|
|
|
|
||||
Concatenation of string parameters ..... 364 |
|
|
|
||||||
Exporting machine parameters ..... |
365 |
|
|
|
|
||||
Converting a numerical value to a string parameter |
..... 365 |
|
|||||||
Converting a string parameter to a numerical value |
..... 365 |
|
|||||||
Reading a substring from a string parameter |
..... 365 |
|
|||||||
Checking a string parameter ..... |
366 |
|
|
|
|
||||
Reading the length of a string parameter |
..... 366 |
|
|
||||||
Reading the alphabetic order ..... |
366 |
|
|
|
|
||||
Reading system strings ..... |
366 |
|
|
|
|
|
|||
22
11 Test Run and Program Run ..... 375
11.1 |
Graphics ..... |
376 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Function ..... |
376 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Overview of display modes ..... |
377 |
|
||||
|
Plan view ..... |
377 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Projection in 3 planes |
..... |
378 |
|
|
||
|
3-D view ..... |
379 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Magnifying details ..... |
|
380 |
|
|
|
|
|
Repeating graphic simulation |
..... |
381 |
|
|||
|
Measuring the machining time ..... |
382 |
|
||||
11.2 |
Showing the Workpiece in the Working Space ..... |
383 |
|||||
|
Function ..... |
383 |
|
|
|
|
|
11.3 |
Functions for Program Display ..... |
384 |
|
||||
|
Overview ..... |
384 |
|
|
|
|
|
11.4 |
Test Run ..... |
385 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Function ..... |
385 |
|
|
|
|
|
11.5 |
Program Run |
..... 387 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Function ..... |
387 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Run a part program ..... |
|
387 |
|
|
|
|
|
Interrupting machining |
..... 388 |
|
|
|||
|
Moving the machine axes during an interruption |
..... 388 |
|||||
|
Resuming program run after an interruption ..... |
389 |
|||||
|
Mid-program startup (block scan) |
..... 390 |
|
||||
|
Returning to the contour ..... |
391 |
|
|
|||
11.6 |
Automatic Program Start |
..... 392 |
|
|
|||
|
Function ..... |
392 |
|
|
|
|
|
11.7 |
Optional Block Skip ..... |
393 |
|
|
|
||
|
Function ..... |
393 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inserting the “/” character ..... |
393 |
|
||||
|
Erasing the “/” character ..... |
393 |
|
|
|||
11.8 |
Optional Program-Run Interruption ..... |
394 |
|
||||
|
Function ..... |
394 |
|
|
|
|
|
HEIDENHAIN TNC 320 |
23 |
.....12 MOD Functions |
395 |
|
|
|
|
|
||
12.1 |
MOD Functions ..... |
396 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Selecting the MOD functions |
..... 396 |
|
|
||||
|
Changing the settings ..... |
396 |
|
|
|
|||
|
Exiting the MOD functions ..... |
396 |
|
|
|
|||
|
Overview of MOD functions ..... |
397 |
|
|
||||
12.2 |
Software Numbers ..... |
398 |
|
|
|
|
||
|
Function ..... |
398 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.3 |
Entering Code Numbers ..... |
399 |
|
|
|
|||
|
Function ..... |
399 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.4 |
Machine-Specific User Parameters ..... |
400 |
|
|||||
|
Function ..... |
400 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.5 |
Position Display Types ..... |
401 |
|
|
|
|
||
|
Function ..... |
401 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.6 |
Unit of Measurement ..... |
402 |
|
|
|
|
||
|
Function ..... |
402 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.7 |
Display Operating Times ..... |
403 |
|
|
|
|||
|
Function ..... |
403 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
12.8 |
Setting the Data Interfaces ..... |
404 |
|
|
|
|||
|
Serial interface on the TNC 320 ..... |
404 |
|
|
||||
|
Function ..... |
404 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Setting the RS-232 interface ..... |
404 |
|
|
||||
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Setting the baud rate (baudRate) ..... |
404 |
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Set the protocol (protocol) ..... |
404 |
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Set the data bits (dataBits) ..... |
405 |
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Parity check (parity) ..... |
405 |
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Setting the stop bits (stopBits) ..... |
405 |
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Setting the handshake (flowControl) ..... |
405 |
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Setting the operating mode of the external device (fileSystem) ..... |
406 |
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Software for data transfer ..... |
407 |
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12.9 |
Ethernet Interface ..... |
409 |
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Introduction ..... |
409 |
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Connection possibilities |
..... 409 |
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Connecting the control to the network ..... |
410 |
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24
13 Touch Probe Cycles in the Manual and Electronic Handwheel Modes |
..... |
415 |
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13.1 |
Introduction ..... |
416 |
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Overview ..... |
416 |
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Selecting probe cycles ..... |
416 |
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13.2 |
Calibrating a Touch Trigger Probe |
..... 417 |
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Introduction ..... |
417 |
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Calibrating the effective length ..... |
417 |
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Calibrating the effective radius and compensating center misalignment ..... |
418 |
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Displaying calibration values ..... |
419 |
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13.3 |
Compensating Workpiece Misalignment |
..... 420 |
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Introduction ..... |
420 |
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Measuring the basic rotation ..... |
420 |
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Displaying a basic rotation |
..... 421 |
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To cancel a basic rotation ..... |
421 |
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13.4 |
Setting the Datum with a 3-D Touch Probe ..... |
422 |
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Introduction ..... |
422 |
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To set the datum in any axis (see figure at right) |
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Corner as datum—using points already probed for a basic rotation (see figure at right) |
..... 423 |
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Circle center as datum ..... |
424 |
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13.5 |
Measuring Workpieces with a 3-D Touch Probe ..... |
425 |
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Introduction ..... |
425 |
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To find the coordinate of a position on an aligned workpiece: ..... |
425 |
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Finding the coordinates of a corner in the working plane ..... |
425 |
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To measure workpiece dimensions ..... |
426 |
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To find the angle between the angle reference axis and a side of the workpiece ..... |
427 |
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13.6 |
Touch Probe Data Management ..... |
428 |
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Introduction ..... |
428 |
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13.7 |
Automatic Workpiece Measurement ..... |
430 |
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Overview ..... |
430 |
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Reference system for measurement results |
..... |
430 |
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DATUM PLANE touch probe cycle 0 ..... |
430 |
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DATUM PLANE touch probe cycle 1 ..... |
432 |
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MEASURING (touch probe cycle 3) ..... |
433 |
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HEIDENHAIN TNC 320 |
25 |
14 Tables and Overviews |
..... 435 |
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14.1 |
Pin Layout and Connecting Cable for the Data Interfaces |
..... 436 |
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RS-232-C/V.24 interface for HEIDENHAIN devices ..... |
436 |
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Non-HEIDENHAIN devices ..... |
437 |
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Ethernet interface RJ45 socket |
..... 437 |
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14.2 |
Technical Information ..... |
438 |
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14.3 |
Exchanging the Buffer Battery ..... |
443 |
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26
1
Introduction
1.1 The TNC 320
1.1 The TNC 320
HEIDENHAIN TNC controls are workshop-oriented contouring controls that enable you to program conventional machining operations right at the machine in an easy-to-use conversational programming language. The TNC 320 is designed for milling and drilling machine tools with up to 4 axes (optionally 5 axes). Instead of the fourth or fifth axis, you can also change the angular position of the spindle under program control.
Keyboard and screen layout are clearly arranged in such a way that the functions are fast and easy to use.
Programming: HEIDENHAIN conversational format
HEIDENHAIN conversational programming is an especially easy method of writing programs. Interactive graphics illustrate the individual machining steps for programming the contour. If a production drawing is not dimensioned for NC, the HEIDENHAIN FK free contour programming does the necessary calculations automatically. Workpiece machining can be graphically simulated either during or before actual machining.
You can also enter and test one program while the control is running another.
Compatibility
The feature content of the TNC 320 is not the same as that of the TNC 4xx series and iTNC 530 controls. Part programs created on the HEIDENHAIN controls TNC 150 B and later can only run on the TNC 320 under a condition. If NC blocks contain invalid elements, the TNC will mark them during download as ERROR blocks.
28 |
1 Introduction |
1.2Visual Display Unit and Operating Panel
Visual display unit
The TNC is delivered with a 15-inch TFT color flat-panel display (see figure at top right).
1Header
When the TNC is on, the selected operating modes are shown in the screen header: the machining mode at the left and the programming mode at right. The currently active mode is displayed in the larger box, where the dialog prompts and TNC messages also appear (unless the TNC is showing only graphics).
2Soft keys
In the footer the TNC indicates additional functions in a soft-key row. You can select these functions by pressing the keys immediately below them. The lines immediately above the softkey row indicate the number of soft-key rows that can be called with the black arrow keys to the right and left. The line representing the active soft-key row is highlighted.
3Soft-key selection keys
4Switches the soft-key rows
5Sets the screen layout
6Shift key for switchover between machining and programming modes
7Soft-key selection keys for machine tool builders
8Switches soft-key rows for machine tool builders
Screen layout
You select the screen layout yourself: In the programming mode of operation, for example, you can have the TNC show program blocks in the left window while the right window displays programming graphics. You could also display status information in the right window instead of the graphics, or display only program blocks in one large window. The available screen windows depend on the selected operating mode.
To change the screen layout:
Press the SPLIT SCREEN key: The soft-key row shows the available layout options (see “Modes of Operation”, page 31).
Select the desired screen layout.
1
5 2
31
4
8
7
61
4
1.2 Visual Display Unit and Operating Panel
HEIDENHAIN TNC 320 |
29 |
1.2 Visual Display Unit and Operating Panel
Operating panel
The TNC 320 is delivered with an integrated keyboard. The figure at right shows the controls and displays of the keyboard:
1 |
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File management |
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Pocket calculator |
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MOD function |
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HELP function |
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2 |
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Programming modes |
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3 |
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Machine operating modes |
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4 |
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Initiation of programming dialog |
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5 |
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Arrow keys and GOTO jump command |
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6 |
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Numerical input and axis selection |
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7 |
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Navigation keys |
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The functions of the individual keys are described on the inside front |
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cover. |
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1 |
41 |
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Machine panel buttons, e.g. NC START or NC STOP, are |
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described in the manual for your machine tool. |
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6 |
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3 |
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21 |
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5 |
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7 |
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30 |
1 Introduction |
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