Texas Instruments TL431IP, TL431ILPR, TL431ILPM, TL431ID, TL431MJGB Datasheet

TL431, TL431A

ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS

SLVS005J ± JULY 1978 ± REVISED JULY 1999

D	Equivalent Full-Range Temperature		D PACKAGE
	Coefficient . . . 30 ppm/°C			(TOP VIEW)
D 0.2-Ω Typical Output Impedance		CATHODE					REF
				1	8
	Sink-Current Capability . . . 1 mA to 100 mA
D		ANODE		2	7		ANODE
D	Low Output Noise	ANODE		3	6		ANODE
D Adjustable Output Voltage . . . Vref to 36 V		NC		4	5		NC

DAvailable in a Wide Range of High-Density

Packages	P OR PW PACKAGE
	(TOP VIEW)

description

The TL431 and TL431A are three-terminal adjustable shunt regulators with specified thermal stability over applicable automotive, commercial, and military temperature ranges. The output

voltage can be set to any value between Vref (approximately 2.5 V) and 36 V with two external

resistors (see Figure 17). These devices have a typical output impedance of 0.2 Ω. Active output circuitry provides a very sharp turn-on characteristic, making these devices excellent replacements for Zener diodes in many applications, such as onboard regulation, adjustable power supplies, and switching power supplies.

The TL431C and TL431AC are characterized for operation from 0°C to 70°C, and the TL431I and TL431AI are characterized for operation from ±40°C to 85°C.

CATHODE			1	8		REF
NC			2	7		NC
NC			3	6		ANODE
NC			4	5		NC

NC ± No internal connection

PK PACKAGE (TOP VIEW)

REF ANODE CATHODE

LP PACKAGE (TOP VIEW)

CATHODE

ANODE

REF

	KTP PACKAGE
	(TOP VIEW)
	CATHODE
ANODE	ANODE
	REF

Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.

PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters.

Copyright 1999, Texas Instruments Incorporated

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1

TL431, TL431A

ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS

SLVS005J ± JULY 1978 ± REVISED JULY 1999

AVAILABLE OPTIONS

				PACKAGED DEVICES
								CHIP
		SMALL	PLASTIC		PLASTIC		SHRINK
	TA		FLANGE	TO-226AA		SOT-89	SMALL	FORM
		OUTLINE			DIP
			MOUNT	(LP)		(PK)	OUTLINE	(Y)
		(D)			(P)
			(KTP)				(PW)
	0°C to 70°C	TL431CD	TL431CKTPR	TL431CLP	TL431CP	TL431CPK	TL431CPW
		TL431ACD		TL431ACLP	TL431ACP
								TL431Y
	±40°C to 85°C	TL431ID		TL431ILP	TL431IP	TL431IPK
		TL431AID		TL431AILP	TL431AIP

The D and LP packages are available taped and reeled. The KTP and PK packages are only available taped and reeled. Add the suffix R to device type (e.g., TL431CDR). Chip forms are tested at TA = 25°C.

symbol

REF

ANODE

CATHODE

functional block diagram

CATHODE

REF	+
	_

Vref

ANODE

equivalent schematic²

CATHODE

		800 Ω	800 Ω
REF			20 pF
			150 Ω
	3.28 kΩ	4 kΩ	10 kΩ
2.4 kΩ	7.2 kΩ	20 pF

1 kΩ

800 Ω

ANODE

² All component values are nominal.

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TL431, TL431A

ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS

SLVS005J ± JULY 1978 ± REVISED JULY 1999

absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)²

Cathode voltage, VKA (see Note 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 V
Continuous cathode current range, IKA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	±100 mA to 150 mA
Reference input current range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . ±50 µA to 10 mA
Package thermal impedance, θJA (see Notes 2 and 3): D package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . . . . . . . . 97°C/W
LP package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . . . . . . . 156°C/W
KTP package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . . . . . . . 28°C/W
P package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . . . . . . . 127°C/W
PK package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . . . . . . . . 52°C/W
PW package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . . . . . . . 149°C/W
Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds: D, P, or PW package .	. . . . . . . . . . . 260°C
Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 60 seconds: LP or PK package . . .	. . . . . . . . . . . 300°C
Storage temperature range, Tstg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	. . . ±65°C to 150°C

²Stresses beyond those listed under ªabsolute maximum ratingsº may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under ªrecommended operating conditionsº is not

implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

NOTES: 1. Voltage values are with respect to the anode terminal unless otherwise noted.

2.Maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(max), θJA, and TA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any allowable ambient temperature is PD = (TJ(max) ± TA)/θJA. Operating at the absolute maximum TJ of 150°C can impact reliability.

3.The package thermal impedance is calculated in accordance with JESD 51, except for through-hole packages, which use a trace length of zero.

recommended operating conditions

			MIN	MAX	UNIT
	Cathode voltage, VKA		Vref	36	V
	Cathode current, IKA		1	100	mA
	Operating free-air temperature range, TA	TL431C, TL431AC	0	70	°C
		TL431I, TL431AI	±40	85

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3

|z | + DDVI [ zKA 1 ) R1R2

Figure 1. Calculating Deviation Parameters and Dynamic Impedance

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DVKA

The dynamic impedance is defined as:

z

KA + DIKA

When the device is operating with two external resistors (see Figure 3), the total dynamic impedance of the circuit is given by:

Calculating Dynamic Impedance

Because minimum Vref occurs at the lower temperature, the coefficient is positive.

TL431, TL431A

ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS

SLVS005J ± JULY 1978 ± REVISED JULY 1999

electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions, TA = 25°C (unless otherwise noted)

			PARAMETER	TEST	TEST CONDITIONS			TL431C		UNIT
				CIRCUIT			MIN	TYP	MAX
	Vref		Reference voltage	2	VKA = Vref,	IKA = 10 mA	2440	2495	2550	mV
			Deviation of reference voltage		VKA = Vref, IKA = 10 mA,
	VI(dev)		over full temperature range	2				4	25	mV
					T = full range²
			(see Figure 1)		A
	DVref		Ratio of change in reference voltage	3	IKA = 10 mA	VKA = 10 V ± Vref		±1.4	±2.7	mV
			to the change in cathode voltage							V
	DVKA					VKA = 36 V ± 10 V		±1	±2
	Iref		Reference current	3	IKA = 10 mA, R1 = 10 kΩ, R2 = ∞			2	4	µA
			Deviation of reference current		IKA = 10 mA, R1 = 10 kΩ, R2 = ∞ ,
	II(dev)		over full temperature range	3				0.4	1.2	µA
					T = full range²
			(see Figure 1)		A
	Imin		Minimum cathode current	2	VKA = Vref			0.4	1	mA
			for regulation
	Ioff		Off-state cathode current	4	VKA = 36 V,	Vref = 0		0.1	1	µA
	|zKA|		Dynamic impedance (see Figure 1)	1	IKA = 1 mA to 100 mA, VKA = Vref,			0.2	0.5	Ω
					f ≤ 1 kHz

² Full range is 0°C to 70°C for the TL431C.

The deviation parameters Vref(dev) and Iref(dev) are defined as the differences between the maximum and minimum values obtained over the recommended temperature range. The average full-range temperature coefficient of the

reference voltage, αVref, is defined as:

VI(dev)

Maximum Vref

106

ppm

Vref at 25°C

VI(dev)

Minimum Vref

a

Vref °C +

DTA

TA

where:

TA is the recommended operating free-air temperature range of the device.

αVref can be positive or negative, depending on whether minimum Vref or maximum Vref, respectively, occurs at the lower temperature.

Example: maximum Vref = 2496 mV at 30°C, minimum Vref = 2492 mV at 0°C, Vref = 2495 mV at 25°C, TA = 70°C for TL431C

				4 mV		106
				2495 mV
aVref +							[ 23 ppm °C
				70°C

4

TL431, TL431A

ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS

SLVS005J ± JULY 1978 ± REVISED JULY 1999

electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions, TA = 25°C (unless otherwise noted)

			PARAMETER	TEST	TEST CONDITIONS			TL431I		UNIT
				CIRCUIT			MIN	TYP	MAX
	Vref		Reference voltage	2	VKA = Vref,	IKA = 10 mA	2440	2495	2550	mV
			Deviation of reference voltage		VKA = Vref, IKA = 10 mA,
	VI(dev)		over full temperature range	2				5	50	mV
					T = full range²
			(see Figure 1)		A
	DVref		Ratio of change in reference voltage	3	IKA = 10 mA	VKA = 10 V ± Vref		±1.4	±2.7	mV
	DVKA		to the change in cathode voltage			VKA = 36 V ± 10 V		±1	±2	V
	Iref		Reference current	3	IKA = 10 mA, R1 = 10 kΩ, R2 = ∞			2	4	µA
			Deviation of reference current		IKA = 10 mA, R1 = 10 kΩ, R2 = ∞ ,
	II(dev)		over full temperature range	3				0.8	2.5	µA
					T = full range²
			(see Figure 1)		A
	Imin		Minimum cathode current for	2	VKA = Vref			0.4	1	mA
			regulation
	Ioff		Off-state cathode current	4	VKA = 36 V,	Vref = 0		0.1	1	µA
	|zKA|		Dynamic impedance (see Figure 1)	2	IKA = 1 mA to 100 mA, VKA = Vref,			0.2	0.5	Ω
					f ≤ 1 kHz

² Full range is ±40°C to 85°C for the TL431I.

electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions, TA = 25°C (unless otherwise noted)

			PARAMETER	TEST	TEST CONDITIONS			TL431AC		UNIT
				CIRCUIT			MIN	TYP	MAX
	Vref		Reference voltage	2	VKA = Vref,	IKA = 10 mA	2470	2495	2520	mV
			Deviation of reference voltage		VKA = Vref, IKA = 10 mA,
	VI(dev)		over full temperature range	2				4	25	mV
					T = full range²
			(see Figure 1)		A
	DVref		Ratio of change in reference voltage	3	IKA = 10 mA	VKA = 10 V ± Vref		±1.4	±2.7	mV
	DVKA		to the change in cathode voltage			VKA = 36 V ± 10 V		±1	±2	V
	Iref		Reference current	3	IKA = 10 mA, R1 = 10 kΩ, R2 = ∞			2	4	µA
			Deviation of reference current		IKA = 10 mA, R1 = 10 kΩ, R2 = ∞ ,
	II(dev)		over full temperature range	3				0.8	1.2	µA
					T = full range³
			(see Figure 1)		A
	Imin		Minimum cathode current	2	VKA = Vref			0.4	0.6	mA
			for regulation
	Ioff		Off-state cathode current	4	VKA = 36 V,	Vref = 0		0.1	0.5	µA
	|zKA|		Dynamic impedance (see Figure 1)	1	IKA = 1 mA to 100 mA, VKA = Vref,			0.2	0.5	Ω
					f ≤ 1 kHz

³ Full range is 0°C to 70°C for the TL431AC.

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5

TL431, TL431A

ADJUSTABLE PRECISION SHUNT REGULATORS

SLVS005J ± JULY 1978 ± REVISED JULY 1999

electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions, TA = 25°C (unless otherwise noted)

			PARAMETER	TEST	TEST CONDITIONS			TL431AI		UNIT
				CIRCUIT			MIN	TYP	MAX
	Vref		Reference voltage	2	VKA = Vref,	IKA = 10 mA	2470	2495	2520	mV
			Deviation of reference voltage		VKA = Vref, IKA = 10 mA,
	VI(dev)		over full temperature range	2				5	50	mV
					T = full range²
			(see Figure 1)		A
	DVref		Ratio of change in reference voltage	3	IKA = 10 mA	VKA = 10 V ± Vref		±1.4	±2.7	mV
			to the change in cathode voltage			VKA = 36 V ± 10 V		±1	±2	V
	DVKA
	Iref		Reference current	3	IKA = 10 mA, R1 = 10 kΩ, R2 = ∞			2	4	µA
			Deviation of reference current		IKA = 10 mA, R1 = 10 kΩ, R2 = ∞ ,
	II(dev)		over full temperature range	3				0.8	2.5	µA
					T = full range²
			(see Figure 1)		A
	Imin		Minimum cathode current	2	VKA = Vref			0.4	0.7	mA
			for regulation
	Ioff		Off-state cathode current	4	VKA = 36 V,	Vref = 0		0.1	0.5	µA
	|zKA|		Dynamic impedance (see Figure 1)	2	IKA = 1 mA to 100 mA, VKA = Vref,			0.2	0.5	Ω
					f ≤ 1 kHz

² Full range is ±40°C to 85°C for the TL431AI.

electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions, TA = 25°C (unless otherwise noted)

PARAMETER

TEST

TEST CONDITIONS

TL431Y

UNIT

CIRCUIT

MIN

TYP

MAX

Vref

Reference voltage

2

VKA = Vref,

IKA = 10 mA

2495

mV

DVref

Ratio of change in reference voltage

3

IKA = 10 mA

VKA = 10 V ± Vref

±1.4

mV

to the change in cathode voltage

V

DVKA

VKA = 36 V ± 10 V

±1

Iref

Reference input current

3

IKA = 10 mA, R1 = 10 kΩ, R2 = ∞

2

µA

Imin

Minimum cathode current

2

VKA = Vref

0.4

mA

for regulation

Ioff

Off-state cathode current

4

VKA = 36 V,

Vref = 0

0.1

µA

|z |

Dynamic impedance³

2

IKA = 1 mA to 100 mA, VKA = Vref,

0.2

Ω

KA

f ≤ 1 kHz

³ Calculating dynamic impedance:

The dynamic impedance is defined as: z

KA

DVKA

+ DI

KA

When the device is operating with two external resistors (see Figure 3), the total dynamic impedance of the circuit is given by:

| z | + VI [ | zKA| 1 ) R1R2

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