heidenhain iTNC 530 User Manual

User’s Manual

HEIDENHAIN

Conversational Format

iTNC 530

NC Software 340 422-xx 340 423-xx 340 480-xx 340 481-xx

English (en) 6/2005

Controls on the visual display unit

Split screen layout

Switch between machining or programming modes

Soft keys for selecting functions in screen

Switch the soft-key rows

Typewriter keyboard for entering letters and symbols

File names Comments

ISO programs

Machine operating modes

Manual Operation

Electronic Handwheel

Positioning with Manual Data Input (MDI)

Program Run, Single Block

Program Run, Full Sequence

Programming modes

Programming and Editing

Test Run

Program/file management, TNC functions

Select or delete programs and files External data transfer

Define program call, select datum and point tables

MOD functions

Display help texts for NC error messages

Display all current error messages

Pocket calculator

Moving the highlight, going directly to blocks, cycles and parameter functions

Move highlight

Go directly to blocks, cycles and parameter functions

Override control knobs for feed rate/spindle speed

	100		100
50	150	50	150
	F %		S %
	0		0

Programming path movements

Approach/depart contour

FK free contour programming

Straight line

Circle center/pole for polar coordinates

Circular arc with center

Circular arc with radius

Circular arc with tangential connection

Chamfer

Corner rounding

Tool functions

Enter and call tool length and radius

Cycles, subprograms and program section repeats

Define and call cycles

Enter and call labels for subprogramming and program section repeats

Program stop in a program

Define touch probe cycles

Coordinate axes and numbers: Entering and editing

Select coordinate axes or

. . . enter them into the program

. . . Numbers Decimal point

Change arithmetic sign

Polar coordinates

Incremental dimensions

Q parameter programming/Q parameter status

Assume actual position or values from calculator

Skip dialog questions, delete words

Confirm entry and resume dialog

Conclude block, exit entry

Clear numerical entry or clear TNC error message

Abort dialog, delete program section

TNC Model, Software and Features

This manual describes functions and features provided by TNCs as of the following NC software numbers.

TNC model	NC software number
iTNC 530	340 422-xx
iTNC 530E	340 423-xx
iTNC 530, dual-processor version	340 480-xx
iTNC 530E, dual-processor version	340 481-xx
iTNC 530Programming Station	374 150-xx

The suffix E indicates the export version of the TNC. The export version of the TNC has the following limitations:

Linear movement is possible in no more than 4 axes simultaneously.

The machine tool builder adapts the usable features of the TNC to his machine by setting machine parameters. Some of the functions described in this manual may not be among the features provided by your machine tool.

Some TNC functions have to be implemented by the machine tool builder and are therefore not universally available on all machines. These functions include:

Probing function for the 3-D touch probe

Tool measurement with the TT 130

Rigid tapping

Returning to the contour after an interruption

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In addition, the iTNC 530 also has two software option packets that can be enabled by you or your machine tool builder. Each packet is to be enabled separately and contains the following respective functions:

Software option 1

Cylinder surface interpolation (Cycles 27, 28, 29 and 39)

Feed rate in mm/min on rotary axes: M116

Tilting the machining plane (Cycle 19 and 3D-ROT soft key in the manual operating mode)

Circle in 3 axes (with tilted working plane)

Software option 2

Block processing time 0.5 ms instead of 3.6 ms

5 axis interpolation

Spline interpolation

3-D machining:

M114: Automatic compensation of machine geometry when working with tilted axes

M128: Maintaining the position of the tool tip when positioning with tilted axes (TCPM)

FUNCTION TCPM: Maintaining the position of the tool tip when positioning with tilted axes (TCPM) in selectable modes.

M144: Compensating the machine’s kinematic configuration for ACTUAL/NOMINAL positions at end of block

Additional parameters finishing/roughing and tolerance for rotary axes in Cycle 32 (G62)

LN blocks (3-D compensation)

Please contact your machine tool builder to become familiar with the features of your machine.

Many machine manufacturers, as well as HEIDENHAIN, offer programming courses for the TNCs. We recommend these courses as an effective way of improving your programming skill and sharing information and ideas with other TNC users.

Touch Probe Cycles User’s Manual:

All of the touch probe functions are described in a separate manual. Please contact HEIDENHAIN if you require a copy of this User’s Manual. ID number: 375 319-xx.

Location of use

The TNC complies with the limits for a Class A device in accordance with the specifications in EN 55022, and is intended for use primarily in industrially-zoned areas.

6

Functions new since the predecessor versions 340 420-xx and 340 421-xx

Datum management via the preset table (see “Datum management with the preset table” on page 66)

New milling cycle RECTANGULAR POCKET (see “RECTANGULAR POCKET (Cycle 251)” on page 328)

New milling cycle CIRCULAR POCKET (see “CIRCULAR POCKET (Cycle 252)” on page 333)

New milling cycle SLOT MILLING (see “SLOT MILLING (Cycle 253)” on page 337)

New milling cycle CIRCULAR SLOT (see “CIRCULAR SLOT (Cycle 254)” on page 342)

The CYCL CALL POS function provides a new possibility for calling fixed cycles (see “Calling a cycle with CYCL CALL POS” on page 272)

Cycle 205 UNIVERSAL PECKING has been expanded: a deeper starting point for pecking can now be entered (see “UNIVERSAL PECKING (Cycle 205)” on page 291)

The POLAR PATTERN cycle has been expanded: Traverse between machining positions is selectable on a straight line or pitch circle (see “CIRCULAR PATTERN (Cycle 220)” on page 365)

Special features of the iTNC 530 with Windows 2000 (see “iTNC 530 with Windows 2000 (Option)” on page 635)

Management of dependent files (see “Dependent files” on page 593)

Testing network connections with the ping monitor (see “Test network connection” on page 591)

Generating a file with version numbers (see “Code Numbers” on page 579)

Cycle 210 SLOT WITH RECIPROCATING PLUNGING has been expanded by the parameter for the feed-rate for plunging during finishing (see “SLOT (oblong hole) with reciprocating plunge-cut (Cycle 210)” on page 355)

Cycle 211 CIRCULAR SLOT has been expanded by the parameter for the feed-rate for plunging during finishing (see “CIRCULAR SLOT (oblong hole) with reciprocating plunge-cut (Cycle 211)” on page 358)

Creation of a tool usage file containing information on the tools to be used (see “Dependent files” on page 593)

New powerful function for Tilting the working plane (see “The PLANE Function: Tilting the Working Plane (Software Option 1)” on page 456)

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New LIFTOFF column in the tool table to automatically remove tool from the contour after an NC stop (see “Tool table: Standard tool data” on page 154). Function is activate with M148 (see “Tool table: Standard tool data” on page 154) and (see “Automatically retract tool from the contour at an NC stop: M148” on page 256)

New powerful function for adjusting the positioning behavior of rotary axes: FUNCTION TCPM (see “TCPM FUNCTION (Software Option 2)” on page 480)

Conversion of FK programs in conversational programs (see “Converting FK programs into HEIDENHAIN conversational format” on page 220)

Generation of backward-running programs (see “Generate Backward Program” on page 485)

Displaying messages from the program as explanatory text on the screen (see “Displaying messages on the TNC screen” on page 525)

Show the superimposed window containing all current error messages (see “List of all current error messages” on page 131)

When a program run is interrupted (power failure), the TNC stores the point of interruption (see “Mid-program startup (block scan)” on page 569)

Search function: New function for replacing all (see “Find/Replace any text” on page 120)

New cycle for face milling (see “FACE MILLING (Cycle 232)” on page 421)

A TURN function for automatic swiveling of the PLANE function was introduced (see “Automatic positioning: MOVE/TURN/STAY (entry is mandatory)” on page 473)

Feed rate programming: Traversing the programmed path within a definable time (see “Functions for setting the feed rate” on page 114)

Setting the simulation speed during Test Run (see “Setting the speed of the test run” on page 555)

Overwriting empty lines in the tool table (see “Copying a table” on page 102)

Updating TNC software (see “Loading Service Packs” on page 580)

Cycle 22 ROUGHING was expanded by a parameter for retraction feed rate (see “ROUGH-OUT (Cycle 22)” on page 380)

Cycle 23 FLOOR FINISHING was expanded by a parameter for retraction feed rate (see “FLOOR FINISHING (Cycle 23)” on page 381)

8

The iTNC software now also supports the HR 420 handwheel (see “HR 420 Electronic Handwheel” on page 57)

Cycle 28 was expanded by the parameter Q21 for tolerance (see “CYLINDER SURFACE slot milling (Cycle 28, software option 1)” on page 387)

The Cycle 29 CYLINDER SURFACE ridge milling was introduced (see “CYLINDER SURFACE ridge milling (Cycle 29, software option 1)” on page 390)

The Cycle 39 CYLINDER SURFACE outside contour milling was introduced (see “CYLINDER SURFACE outside contour milling (Cycle 39, software option 1)” on page 392)

Block number display was reintroduced in the programming graphics (see “Show block number in graphic window” on page 219)

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Functions changed since the predecessor versions 340420-xx and 340 421-xx

The datum shift in datum table function was changed. REF-based datums are no longer available. Instead, the preset table was introduced (see “DATUM SHIFT with datum tables (Cycle 7)” on page 431)

The function of Cycle 247 was changed. Cycle 247 now activates a preset from the preset table (see “DATUM SETTING (Cycle 247)” on page 435)

Machine parameter 7475 is now meaningless (see “Compatibility machine parameters for datum tables” on page 623)

The old fixed cycles 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 17 and 18 were removed from he soft-key structure and can therefore no longer be defined. Old programs containing these cycles can still be run, however.

The Show blank in work space function was revised (see “Showing the Workpiece in the Working Space” on page 596)

Automatic tool change after expiration of the tool life (M101) now goes faster (see “Automatic tool change if the tool life expires: M101” on page 166)

M116 now ignores swivel-head rotary axes (see “Feed rate in mm/ min on rotary axes A, B, C: M116 (software option 1)” on page 257)

In Cycles 251 to 254 the plunging behavior was changed. In vertical plunging (Q366=0). the plunging angle ANGLE in the tool table must now be set to =90°. Up to now, ANGLE had to be set to 0° for vertical plunging. (see “Cycles for Milling Pockets, Studs and Slots” on page 327)

In Cycles 251 to 254 the behavior for the finishing machining operation (Q215=2) and oversize=0 (Q368/Q369) was changed. (see “Cycles for Milling Pockets, Studs and Slots” on page 327)

The maximum number of tools in the tool table was reduced to 30 000 (see “Entering tool data in tables” on page 154)

The tool usage monitor was expanded by the capability of running for a complete pallet (see “Dependent files” on page 593)

10

New/changed descriptions in this manual

Meaning of software numbers after the MOD functions have been selected (see “Software Numbers and Option Numbers” on page 578).

Calling machining cycles (see “Calling cycles” on page 271)

Programming example with new milling cycles (see “Example: Milling pockets, studs and slots” on page 361)

New description of the TE 530 keyboard unit (see “Keyboard” on page 41)

Overwriting tool data from an external PC (see “Using an external PC to overwrite individual tool data” on page 160)

Connecting the iTNC directly with a Windows PC (see “Connecting the iTNC directly with a Windows PC” on page 586)

Microsoft End User License Agreement (EULA) included (see “End User License Agreement (EULA) for Windows 2000” on page 636)

The description of the old fixed cycles 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 17 and 18 were removed.

The description of Cycle 24 was expanded (see “SIDE FINISHING (Cycle 24)” on page 382)

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Contents

	Introduction	1
	Manual Operation and Setup	2
	Positioning with Manual Data Input	3
	(MDI)
	Programming: Fundamentals of File	4
	Management, Programming Aids
	Programming: Tools	5
	Programming: Programming Contours	6
		7
	Programming: Miscellaneous Functions
		8
	Programming: Cycles
		9
	Programming: Special Functions
	Programming: Subprograms and	10
	Program Section Repeats
	Programming: Q Parameters	11

	Test Run and Program Run	12
	MOD Functions	13
		14
	Tables and Overviews
		15
	iTNC 530 with Windows 2000 (Option)

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1 Introduction .....

37

1.1	The iTNC 530 .....	38
	Programming: HEIDENHAIN conversational and ISO formats .....						38
	Compatibility	..... 38
1.2	Visual Display Unit and Keyboard .....				39
	Visual display unit		..... 39
	Screen layout .....		40
	Keyboard .....	41
1.3	Modes of Operation .....		42
	Manual Operation and Electronic Handwheel					..... 42
	Positioning with Manual Data Input (MDI) .....					42
	Programming and editing .....			43
	Test Run .....	43
	Program Run, Full Sequence and Program Run, Single Block .....						44
1.4	Status Displays .....	45
	“General” status display .....			45
	Additional status displays .....			46
1.5	Accessories: HEIDENHAIN 3-D Touch Probes and Electronic Handwheels .....							49
	3-D touch probes .....		49
	HR electronic handwheels .....			50

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.....2 Manual Operation and Setup					51
2.1 Switch-On, Switch-Off .....				52
Switch-on .....		52
Switch-off .....		53
2.2 Moving the Machine Axes				..... 54
Note .....	54
To traverse with the machine axis direction buttons: .....										54
Incremental jog positioning .....					55
Traversing with the HR 410 electronic handwheel									.....	56
HR 420 Electronic Handwheel .....					57
2.3 Spindle Speed S, Feed Rate F and Miscellaneous Functions M .....											63
Function	.....	63
Entering values .....			63
Changing the spindle speed and feed rate .....								63
2.4 Datum Setting (Without a 3-D Touch Probe) .....							64
Note .....	64
Preparation .....		64
Datum setting with axis keys .....					65
Datum management with the preset table .....								66
2.5 Tilting the Working Plane (Software Option 1) .....								72
Application, function .....				72
Traversing the reference points in tilted axes							.....	73
Setting the datum in a tilted coordinate system .....									74
Datum setting on machines with rotary tables								.....	74
Datum setting on machines with spindle-head changing systems .....												74
Position display in a tilted system .....						75
Limitations on working with the tilting function .....									75
Activating manual tilting				..... 76

3 Positioning with Manual Data Input (MDI)	..... 77
3.1 Programming and Executing Simple Machining Operations 78.....
Positioning with Manual Data Input (MDI) .....	78
Protecting and erasing programs in $MDI .....	80

16

4 Fundamentals of NC, File Management, Programming Aids, Pallet Management .....

81

4.1 Fundamentals .....		82
Position encoders and reference marks							.....	82
Reference system .....			82
Reference system on milling machines							.....	83
Polar coordinates .....			84
Absolute and incremental workpiece positions .....									85
Setting the datum .....			86
4.2 File Management: Fundamentals .....						87
Files .....	87
Data backup .....		88
4.3 Standard File Management .....					89
Note .....	89
Calling the file manager				.....	89
Selecting a file		..... 90
Deleting a file .....		90
Copying a file .....		91
Data transfer to or from an external data medium .....									92
Selecting one of the last 10 files selected .....								94
Renaming a file .....			94
Protecting a file / Canceling file protection .....								95
4.4 Advanced File Management .....					96
Note .....	96
Directories .....		96
Paths .....	96
Overview: Functions of the expanded file manager									..... 97
Calling the file manager				.....	98
Selecting drives, directories and files .....							99
Creating a new directory (only possible on the drive TNC:\) .....										100
Copying a single file .....				101
Copying a directory			.....	102
Choosing one of the last 10 files selected .....								103
Deleting a file .....		103
Deleting a directory			.....	103
Tagging files .....		104
Renaming a file .....			105
Additional functions			.....	105
Data transfer to or from an external data medium .....									106
Copying files into another directory .....							108
The TNC in a Network .....					109

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4.5 Creating and Writing Programs .....					110
Organization of an NC program in HEIDENHAIN conversational format .....											110
Defining the blank form – BLK FORM .....						110
Creating a new part program .....					111
Programming tool movements in conversational format .....										113
Actual position capture .....				115
Editing a program .....			116
The TNC search function .....				119
4.6 Interactive Programming Graphics .....					121
To generate/not generate graphics during programming: .....										121
Generating a graphic for an existing program .....								121
Block number display ON/OFF .....					122
To erase the graphic:			..... 122
Magnifying or reducing a detail .....					122
4.7 Structuring Programs .....			123
Definition and applications .....				123
Displaying the program structure window / Changing the active window .....											123
Inserting a structuring block in the (left) program window .....										123
Selecting blocks in the program structure window .....									123
4.8 Adding Comments .....		124
Function .....	124
Entering comments during programming							..... 124
Inserting comments after program entry .....							124
Entering a comment in a separate block .....							124
Functions for editing of the comment .....							124
4.9 Creating Text Files .....		125
Function .....	125
Opening and exiting text files .....					125
Editing texts	..... 126
Erasing and inserting characters, words and lines .....									127
Editing text blocks .....			127
Finding text sections .....			128
4.10 Integrated Pocket Calculator .....				129
Operation .....	129

18

4.11	Immediate Help for NC Error Messages .....						130
	Displaying error messages .....				130
	Display HELP .....		130
4.12	List of all current error messages .....					131
	Function .....	131
	Show error list .....		131
	Window contents		..... 132
4.13	Pallet Management		..... 133
	Function .....	133
	Selecting a pallet table .....			135
	Leaving the pallet file .....			135
	Executing the pallet file .....			136
4.14	Pallet Operation with Tool-Oriented Machining .....							137
	Function .....	137
	Selecting a pallet file .....			141
	Setting up the pallet file with the entry form .....							142
	Sequence of tool-oriented machining .....						146
	Leaving the pallet file .....			147
	Executing the pallet file .....			147

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5 Programming: Tools			..... 149
5.1 Entering Tool-Related Data				.....	150
Feed rate F .....		150
Spindle speed S			..... 151
5.2 Tool Data	..... 152
Requirements for tool compensation .....							152
Tool numbers and tool names .....						152
Tool length L .....			152
Tool radius R .....			153
Delta values for lengths and radii						..... 153
Entering tool data into the program .....							153
Entering tool data in tables					..... 154
Using an external PC to overwrite individual tool data .....									160
Pocket table for tool changer .....						161
Calling tool data			..... 164
Tool change .....			165
5.3 Tool Compensation			..... 167
Introduction .....			167
Tool length compensation .....					167
Tool radius compensation .....					168
5.4 Three-Dimensional Tool Compensation (Software Option 2) .....									171
Introduction .....			171
Definition of a normalized vector						..... 172
Permissible tool forms .....					172
Using other tools: Delta values .....						173
3-D compensation without tool orientation .....								173
Face Milling: 3-D compensation with and without tool orientation .....										174
Peripheral Milling: 3-D radius compensation with workpiece orientation .....											176
5.5 Working with Cutting Data Tables .....						178
Note .....	178
Applications .....			178
Table for workpiece materials .....						179
Table for tool cutting materials .....						180
Table for cutting data .....				180
Data required for the tool table .....						181
Working with automatic speed / feed rate calculation .....									182
Changing the table structure .....						182
Data transfer from cutting data tables .....							184
Configuration file TNC.SYS .....					184

20

6 Programming: Programming Contours					..... 185
6.1 Tool Movements .....	186
Path functions .....	186
FK Free Contour Programming			..... 186
Miscellaneous functions M .....			186
Subprograms and Program Section Repeats .....						186
Programming with Q parameters .....				186
6.2 Fundamentals of Path Functions .....			187
Programming tool movements for workpiece machining							..... 187
6.3 Contour Approach and Departure .....			191
Overview: Types of paths for contour approach and departure .....								191
Important positions for approach and departure						..... 191
Approaching on a straight line with tangential connection: APPR LT .....									193
Approaching on a straight line perpendicular to the first contour point: APPR LN .....											193
Approaching on a circular path with tangential connection: APPR CT .....									194
Approaching on a circular arc with tangential connection from a straight line to the contour: APPR LCT .....												195
Departing on a straight line with tangential connection: DEP LT .....								196
Departing on a straight line perpendicular to the last contour point: DEP LN .....										196
Departure on a circular path with tangential connection: DEP CT .....								197
Departing on a circular arc tangentially connecting the contour and a straight line: DEP LCT ..... 197
6.4 Path Contours—Cartesian Coordinates .....					198
Overview of path functions .....			198
Straight Line L .....	199
Inserting a Chamfer CHF between Two Straight Lines .....							200
Corner Rounding RND .....		201
Circle center CC .....	202
Circular path C around circle center CC .....					203
Circular path CR with defined radius .....					204
Circular Path CT with Tangential Connection .....						205

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6.5 Path Contours—Polar Coordinates .....				210
Overview .....	210
Polar coordinate origin: Pole CC .....				211
Straight line LP .....		212
Circular path CP around pole CC .....				212
Circular Path CTP with Tangential Connection					..... 213
Helical interpolation .....			213
6.6 Path Contours—FK Free Contour Programming .....					218
Fundamentals .....		218
Graphics during FK programming .....				219
Converting FK programs into HEIDENHAIN conversational format .....							220
Initiating the FK dialog .....			221
Free programming of straight lines .....				222
Free programming of circular arcs .....				222
Input possibilities .....		223
Auxiliary points .....		226
Relative data	..... 227
6.7 Contour Movements—Spline Interpolation (Software Option 2) .....						234
Function .....	234

22

.....7 Programming: Miscellaneous Functions							237
7.1 Entering Miscellaneous Functions M and STOP .....							238
Fundamentals .....		238
7.2 Miscellaneous Functions for Program Run Control, Spindle and Coolant												.....	239
Overview	..... 239
7.3 Miscellaneous Functions for Coordinate Data .....							240
Programming machine-referenced coordinates: M91/M92 .....										240
Activating the most recently entered datum: M104								..... 242
Moving to positions in a non-tilted coordinate system with a tilted working plane: M130 .....															242
7.4 Miscellaneous Functions for Contouring Behavior							..... 243
Smoothing corners: M90 .....				243
Insert rounding arc between straight lines: M112 .....								244
Do not include points when executing non-compensated line blocks: M124 .....														244
Machining small contour steps: M97 .....						245
Machining open contours: M98					..... 247
Feed rate factor for plunging movements: M103 .....								248
Feed rate in millimeters per spindle revolution: M136 .....									249
Feed rate for circular arcs: M109/M110/M111							..... 250
Calculating the radius-compensated path in advance (LOOK AHEAD): M120 .....														250
Superimposing handwheel positioning during program run: M118 .....												252
Retraction from the contour in the tool-axis direction: M140 .....										253
Suppressing touch probe monitoring: M141 .....							254
Delete modal program information: M142 .....							255
Delete basic rotation: M143 .....					255
Automatically retract tool from the contour at an NC stop: M148 .....												256
7.5 Miscellaneous Functions for Rotary Axes .....						257
Feed rate in mm/min on rotary axes A, B, C: M116 (software option 1) .....													257
Shorter-path traverse of rotary axes: M126 .....							258
Reducing display of a rotary axis to a value less than 360°: M94 .....											259
Automatic compensation of machine geometry when working with tilted axes: M114 (software option 2) .....																260
Maintaining the position of the tool tip when positioning with tilted axes (TCPM): M128
(software option 2) .....			261
Exact stop at corners with nontangential transitions: M134 .....										263
Selecting tilting axes: M138				..... 263
Compensating the machine’s kinematic configuration for ACTUAL/NOMINAL positions at end of block: M144
(software option 2) .....			264
7.6 Miscellaneous Functions for Laser Cutting Machines .....								265
Principle .....	265
Output the programmed voltage directly: M200 .....								265
Output voltage as a function of distance: M201 .....								265
Output voltage as a function of speed: M202 .....							265
Output voltage as a function of time (time-dependent ramp): M203 .....													266
Output voltage as a function of time (time-dependent pulse): M204 .....													266

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8 Programming: Cycles		..... 267
8.1 Working with Cycles .....		268
Machine-specific cycles			..... 268
Defining a cycle using soft keys				..... 269
Defining a cycle using the GOTO function .....						269
Calling cycles .....		271
Working with the secondary axes U/V/W .....						273
8.2 Point Tables .....	274
Function .....	274
Creating a point table .....
Selecting a point table in the program .....					275
Calling a cycle in connection with point tables .....							276
8.3 Cycles for Drilling, Tapping and Thread Milling .....						278
Overview .....	278
DRILLING (Cycle 200) .....
REAMING (Cycle 201) .....
BORING (Cycle 202) .....
UNIVERSAL DRILLING (Cycle 203) .....					286
BACK BORING (Cycle 204) .....			288
UNIVERSAL PECKING (Cycle 205) .....					291
BORE MILLING (Cycle 208) .....				294
TAPPING NEW with floating tap holder (Cycle 206) .....								296
RIGID TAPPING without a floating tap holder NEW (Cycle 207)									..... 298
TAPPING WITH CHIP BREAKING (Cycle 209) .....							300
Fundamentals of thread milling			.....	302
THREAD MILLING (Cycle 262) .....				304
THREAD MILLING/COUNTERSINKING (Cycle 263) .....								306
THREAD DRILLING/MILLING (Cycle 264) .....						310
HELICAL THREAD DRILLING/MILLING (Cycle 265) .....								314
OUTSIDE THREAD MILLING (Cycle 267) .....						318
8.4 Cycles for Milling Pockets, Studs and Slots .....						327
Overview .....	327
RECTANGULAR POCKET (Cycle 251) .....					328
CIRCULAR POCKET (Cycle 252)				..... 333
SLOT MILLING (Cycle 253) .....			337
CIRCULAR SLOT (Cycle .....254)				342
POCKET FINISHING (Cycle .....212)				347
STUD FINISHING (Cycle .....213)				349
CIRCULAR POCKET FINISHING (Cycle 214)						..... 351
CIRCULAR STUD FINISHING (Cycle 215) .....						353
SLOT (oblong hole) with reciprocating plunge-cut (Cycle 210) .....									355
CIRCULAR SLOT (oblong hole) with reciprocating plunge-cut (Cycle 211) .....										358

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8.5 Cycles for Machining Point Patterns .....					364
Overview	..... 364
CIRCULAR PATTERN (Cycle 220) .....					365
LINEAR PATTERN (Cycle 221) .....				367
8.6 SL Cycles .....	371
Fundamentals .....		371
Overview of SL Cycles .....			373
CONTOUR GEOMETRY (Cycle 14) .....					374
Overlapping contours .....			375
CONTOUR DATA (Cycle 20) .....				378
PILOT DRILLING (Cycle 21) .....				379
ROUGH-OUT (Cycle 22) .....			380
FLOOR FINISHING (Cycle 23) .....				381
SIDE FINISHING (Cycle 24) .....				382
CONTOUR TRAIN (Cycle 25) .....				383
CYLINDER SURFACE (Cycle 27, software option 1) .....							385
CYLINDER SURFACE slot milling (Cycle 28, software option 1) .....								387
CYLINDER SURFACE ridge milling (Cycle 29, software option 1) .....								390
CYLINDER SURFACE outside contour milling (Cycle 39, software option 1) .....									392
8.7 SL Cycles with Contour Formula .....				405
Fundamentals .....		405
Selecting a program with contour definitions .....						406
Defining contour descriptions .....				406
Entering a contour formula .....				407
Overlapping contours .....			408
Contour machining with SL Cycles .....					410
8.8 Cycles for Multipass Milling			..... 414
Overview .....	414
3-D DATA (Cycle 30) .....			415
MULTIPASS MILLING (Cycle 230) .....					416
RULED SURFACE (Cycle 231) .....				418
FACE MILLING (Cycle 232) .....				421

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8.9 Coordinate Transformation Cycles			..... 429
Overview .....	429
Effect of coordinate transformations .....				429
DATUM SHIFT (Cycle 7) .....		430
DATUM SHIFT with datum tables (Cycle 7) .....					431
DATUM SETTING (Cycle 247)			..... 435
MIRROR IMAGE (Cycle 8)		.....	436
ROTATION (Cycle 10) .....		438
SCALING FACTOR (Cycle 11) .....			439
AXIS-SPECIFIC SCALING (Cycle 26) .....				440
WORKING PLANE (Cycle 19, software option 1) ..... 441
8.10 Special Cycles .....	449
DWELL TIME (Cycle 9) .....		449
PROGRAM CALL (Cycle 12) .....			450
ORIENTED SPINDLE STOP (Cycle 13) .....				451
TOLERANCE (Cycle 32, software option 2) .....					451

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.....9 Programming: Special Functions						455
9.1	The PLANE Function: Tilting the Working Plane (Software Option 1) .....										456
	Introduction	..... 456
	Define the PLANE function				..... 458
	Position display .....		458
	Reset the PLANE function .....				459
9.2	Defining the Machining Plane with Space Angles: PLANE SPATIAL .....										460
	Function .....	460
	Input parameters .....			461
9.3	Defining the Machining Plane with Projection Angles: PROJECTED PLANE .....											462
	Function .....	462
	Input parameters .....			463
9.4	Defining the Machining Plane with Euler Angles: EULER PLANE .....										464
	Function .....	464
	Input parameters .....			465
9.5	Defining the Machining Plane with Two Vectors: VECTOR PLANE .....										466
	Function .....	466
	Input parameters .....			467
9.6	Defining the Machining Plane via Three Points: POINTS PLANE									..... 468
	Function .....	468
	Input parameters .....			469
9.7	Defining the Machining Plane with a Single, Incremental Space Angle: PLANE RELATIVE .....												470
	Function .....	470
	Input parameters .....			471
	Abbreviations used .....			471
9.8	Specifying the Positioning Behavior of the PLANE Function								.....	472
	Overview .....	472
	Automatic positioning: MOVE/TURN/STAY (entry is mandatory)									..... 473
	Selection of alternate tilting possibilities: SEQ +/– (entry optional)										..... 476
	Selecting the type of transformation (entry optional) .....								477
9.9	Inclined-Tool Machining in the Tilted Plane						..... 478
	Function .....	478
	Inclined-tool machining via incremental traverse of a rotary axis .....										478
	Inclined-tool machining via normal vectors .....							479
9.10 TCPM FUNCTION (Software Option 2)						.....	480
	Function .....	480
	Mode of action of the programmed feed rate .....							481
	Interpretation of the programmed rotary axis coordinates .....									482
	Interpolation type between the starting and end position .....									483
	Reset FUNCION TCPM .....				484
9.11 Generate Backward Program .....					485
	Function .....	485
	Prerequisites for the program to be converted							..... 486
	Application example			..... 487

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10 Programming: Subprograms and Program Section Repeats .....

489

10.1	Labeling Subprograms and Program Section Repeats .....								490
	Labels .....	490
10.2	Subprograms .....		491
	Operating sequence .....				491
	Programming notes .....				491
	Programming a subprogram					..... 491
	Calling a subprogram			.....	491
10.3	Program Section Repeats .....				492
	Label LBL	.....	492
	Operating sequence .....				492
	Programming notes .....				492
	Programming a program section repeat .....							492
	Calling a program section repeat .....						492
10.4	Separate Program as Subprogram .....						493
	Operating sequence .....				493
	Programming notes .....				493
	Calling any program as a subprogram .....							494
10.5	Nesting .....	495
	Types of nesting .....			495
	Nesting depth		..... 495
	Subprogram within a subprogram .....						495
	Repeating program section repeats .....						496
	Repeating a subprogram .....					497

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.....11 Programming: Q Parameters					505
11.1	Principle and Overview .....			506
	Programming notes		.....	506
	Calling Q parameter functions .....				507
11.2	Part Families—Q Parameters in Place of Numerical Values									..... 508
	Example NC blocks .....			508
	Example .....	508
11.3	Describing Contours through Mathematical Operations								.....	509
	Function .....	509
	Overview .....	509
	Programming fundamental operations					..... 510
11.4	Trigonometric Functions .....			511
	Definitions .....	511
	Programming trigonometric functions .....					512
11.5	Calculating Circles .....		513
	Function .....	513
11.6	If-Then Decisions with Q Parameters .....					514
	Function .....	514
	Unconditional jumps .....			514
	Programming If-Then decisions .....				514
	Abbreviations used: .....			515
11.7	Checking and Changing Q Parameters .....					516
	Procedure .....	516
11.8	Additional Functions .....			517
	Overview .....	517
	FN14: ERROR: Displaying error messages .....						518
	FN15: PRINT: Output of texts or Q parameter values .....									520
	FN16: F-PRINT: Formatted output of texts or Q parameter values .....										521
	FN18: SYS-DATUM READ Read system data .....						526
	FN19: PLC: Transferring values to the PLC .....						531
	FN20: WAIT FOR: NC and PLC synchronization .....							532
	FN 25: PRESET: Setting a new datum .....					533
	FN26:TABOPEN: Opening a freely definable table .....								534
	FN27: TABWRITE: Writing to a freely definable table .....									534
	FN28:TABREAD: Reading a freely definable table .....								535

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11.9 Entering Formulas Directly		.....	536
Entering formulas .....	536
Rules for formulas .....	538
Programming example .....		539
11.10 Preassigned Q Parameters .....			540
Values from the PLC: Q100 to Q107 .....				540
Active tool radius: Q108 .....		540
Tool axis: Q109 .....	540
Spindle status: Q110 .....		541
Coolant on/off: Q111 .....		541
Overlap factor: Q112 .....		541

Unit of measurement for dimensions in the program: Q113 .....			541
Tool length: Q114 .....	541
Coordinates after probing during program run .....		542
Deviation between actual value and nominal value during automatic tool measurement with the TT 130 .....					542
Tilting the working plane with mathematical angles: Rotary axis coordinates calculated by the TNC				..... 542
Measurement results from touch probe cycles (see also User’s Manual for Touch Probe Cycles) .....				543

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