15iMA
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TECHNOLOGY AND MORE
TECHNOLOGY AND MORETECHNOLOGY AND MORE
TECHNOLOGY AND MORE
GE Fanuc Automation Europe
GE Fanuc Automation EuropeGE Fanuc Automation Europe
GE Fanuc Automation Europe
Series
SeriesSeries
Series 15
1515
15
i
/ 150
/ 150 / 150
/ 150
i
-MA
-MA -MA
-MA
B-633324EN/03
B-633324EN/03B-633324EN/03
B-633324EN/03
Computer Numerical Controls
Computer Numerical ControlsComputer Numerical Controls
Computer Numerical Controls
Operator’s Manual
Operator’s ManualOperator’s Manual
Operator’s Manual
(Programming)
(Programming)(Programming)
(Programming)
B-63324EN/03 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
s-1
This section describes the safety precautions related to the use of CNC units.
It is essential that these precautions be observed by users to ensure the safe operation of machines
equipped with a CNC unit (all descriptions in this section assume this configuration). Note that some
precautions are related only to specific functions, and thus may not be applicable to certain CNC units.
Users must also observe the safety precautions related to the machine, as described in the relevant
manual supplied by the machine tool builder. Before attempting to operate the machine or create a
program to control the operation of the machine, the operator must become fully familiar with the
contents of this manual and relevant manual supplied by the machine tool builder.
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SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS B-63324EN/03
s-2
DEFINITION OF WARNING, CAUTION, AND NOTE
This manual includes safety precautions for protecting the user and preventing damage to the m achine.
Precautions are classified into Warning and Caution according to their bearing on safety. Also,
supplementary information is described as a Note. Read the Warning, Caution, and Note thoroughly
before attempting to use the machine
WARNING
Applied when there is a danger of the user being injured or when there is a damage of both the user
being injured and the equipment being damaged if the approved procedure is not observed.
CAUTION
Applied when there is a danger of the equipment being damaged, if the approved
procedure is not observed.
NOTE
The Note is used to indicate supplementary information other than Warning and
Caution.
- Read this manual carefully, and store it in a safe place.
B-63324EN/03 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
s-3
GENERAL WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS
WARNING
1. Never attempt to machine a workpiece without first check ing the operation of the machine. Before
starting a production run, ensure that the machine is operating correctly by performing a trial run
using, for example, the single block, feedrate override, or m achine lock function or by operating the
machine with neither a tool nor workpiece mounted. Failure to confirm the correct operation of the
machine may result in the machine behaving unexpectedly, possibly causing damage to the
workpiece and/or machine itself, or injury to the user.
2. Before operating the machine, thoroughly check the entered data.
Operating the machine with incorrectly specified data may result in the machine behaving
unexpectedly, possibly causing damage to the work piece and/or machine itself, or injury to the user.
3. Ensure that the specified feedrate is appropriate for the intended operation. Generally, for each
machine, there is a maximum allowable feedrate.
The appropriate feedrate varies with the intended operation. Refer to the m anual provided with the
machine to determine the maximum allowable feedrate.
If a machine is run at other than the correct speed, it may behave unexpectedly, possibly causing
damage to the workpiece and/or machine itself, or injury to the user.
4. When using a tool compensation function, thoroughly check the direction and amount of
compensation.
Operating the machine with incorrectly specified data may result in the machine behaving
unexpectedly, possibly causing damage to the work piece and/or machine itself, or injury to the user.
5. The parameters for the CNC and PMC are factory-set. Usually, there is not need to change them.
When, however, there is not alternative other than to change a parameter, ensure that you fully
understand the function of the parameter before making any change.
Failure to set a parameter correctly may result in the machine behaving unexpectedly, possibly
causing damage to the workpiece and/or machine itself, or injury to the user.
6. Immediately after switching on the power, do not touch any of the keys on the MDI panel until the
position display or alarm screen appears on the CNC unit.
Some of the keys on the MDI panel are dedicated to maintenance or other special operations.
Pressing any of these keys may place the CNC unit in other than its normal state. Starting the
machine in this state may cause it to behave unexpectedly.
7. The operator’s manual and programming manual supplied with a CNC unit provide an overall
description of the machine’s functions, including any optional functions. Note that the optional
functions will vary from one m achine model to another. Therefore, som e functions described in the
manuals may not actually be available for a particular model. Check the specification of the
machine if in doubt.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS B-63324EN/03
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WARNING
8. Some functions may have been implem ented at the request of the m achine-tool builder. When using
such functions, refer to the manual supplied by the machine-tool builder for details of their use and
any related cautions.
NOTE
Programs, parameters, and macro v ariables are stored in nonvolatile memo ry in the CNC unit. Usually,
they are retained even if the power is turned off.
Such data may be deleted inadvertently, however, or it may prove necessary to delete all data from
nonvolatile memory as part of error recovery.
To guard against the occurrence of the above, and assure quick restoration of deleted data, backup all
vital data, and keep the backup copy in a safe place.
B-63324EN/03 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
s-5
WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS RELATED TO
PROGRAMMING
This section covers the major safety precautions related to programm ing. Before attempting to perform
programming, read the supplied operator’s manual and programm ing manual carefully such that you are
fully familiar with their contents.
WARNING
1.Coordinate system setting
If a coordinate system is established incorrectly, the machine may behave unexpectedly as a result of the
program issuing an otherwise valid move command.
Such an unexpected operation may damage the tool, the machine itself, the workpiece, or cause injury to
the user.
2.Positioning by nonlinear interpolation
When performing positioning by nonlinear interpolation (positioning by nonlinear movement between
the start and end points), the tool path must be carefully confirmed before performing programming.
Positioning involves rapid traverse. If the tool collides with the workpiece, it may damage the tool, the
machine itself, the workpiece, or cause injury to the user.
3.Function involving a rotation axis
When programming polar coordinate interpolation or normal-direction (perpendicular) control, pay
careful attention to the speed of the rotation axis. Incorrect programm ing may result in the rotation axis
speed becoming excessively high, such that centrifugal force causes the chuck to lose its grip on the
workpiece if the latter is not mounted securely.
Such mishap is likely to damage the tool, the machine itself, the workpiece, or cause injury to the user.
4.Inch/metric conversion
Switching between inch and metric inputs does not convert the measurement units of data such as the
workpiece origin offset, parameter, and current position.
Before starting the machine, therefore, determine w hich measurem ent units are being used. Attemp ting
to perform an operation with invalid data specified may damage the tool, the machine itself, the
workpiece, or cause injury to the user.
5.Constant surface speed control
When an axis subject to constant surface speed control approaches the origin of the workpiece
coordinate system, the spindle speed may becom e excessively high. Therefore, it is necessary to specify
a maximum allowable speed. Specifying the maximum allowable speed incorrectly may damage the
tool, the machine itself, the workpiece, or cause injury to the user.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS B-63324EN/03
s-6
WARNING
6.Stroke check
After switching on the power, perform a manual reference position return as required. Stroke check is
not possible before manual reference position return is performed. Note that when stroke check is
disabled, an alarm is not issued even if a stroke limit is exceeded, possibly damaging the tool, the
machine itself, the workpiece, or causing injury to the user.
7. Tool post interference check
A tool post interference check is performed based on the tool data specified during autom atic operation.
If the tool specification does not match the tool actually being used, the interference check cannot be
made correctly, possibly damaging the tool or the machine itself, or causing injury to the user.
After switching on the power, or after selecting a tool post manually, always start automatic operation
and specify the tool number of the tool to be used.
8. Absolute/incremental mode
If a program created with absolute values is run in incremental mode, or vice versa, the machine may
behave unexpectedly.
9.Plane selection
If an incorrect plane is specified for circular interpolation, helical interpolation, or a canned cycle, the
machine may behave unexpectedly. Refer to the descriptions of the respective functions for details.
10.Torque limit skip
Before attempting a torque limit skip, apply the torque limit. If a torque limit skip is specified without
the torque limit actually being applied, a move command will be executed without performing a skip.
11.Programmable mirror image
Note that programmed operations vary considerably when a programmable mirror image is enabled.
12.Compensation function
If a command based on the machine coordinate system or a reference position return com mand is issued
in compensation function mode, compensation is temporarily canceled, resulting in the unexpected
behavior of the machine.
Before issuing any of the above commands, therefore, always cancel compensation function mode.
B-63324EN/03 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
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WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS RELATED TO
HANDLING
This section presents safety precautions related to the handling of machine tools. B efore attempting to
operate your machine, read the supplied operator’s manual and programming manual carefully, such
that you are fully familiar with their contents.
WARNING
1.Manual operation
When operating the machine manually, determine the current position of the tool and workpiece, and
ensure that the movement axis, direction, and feedrate have been specified correctly. Incorrect
operation of the machine may dam age the tool, the machine itself, the workpiece, or cause injury to the
operator.
2.Manual reference position return
After switching on the power, perform manual reference position return as required.
If the machine is operated without first performing manual reference position return, it may behave
unexpectedly. Stroke check is not possible before manual reference position return is performed.
An unexpected operation of the machine may damage the tool, the machine itself, the workpiece, or
cause injury to the user.
3.Manual numeric command
When issuing a manual numeric command, determine the current position of the tool and workpiece,
and ensure that the movement axis, direction, and command hav e been specified correctly , and that the
entered values are valid.
Attempting to operate the machine with an invalid command specified may damage the tool, the
machine itself, the workpiece, or cause injury to the operator.
4.Manual handle feed
In manual handle feed, rotating the handle with a large scale factor, such as 100, applied causes the tool
and table to move rapidly. Careless handling may damage the tool and/or machine, or cause injury to
the user.
5.Disabled override
If override is disabled (according to the specification in a macro variable) during threading, rigid
tapping, or other tapping, the speed cannot be predicted, possibly dam ag ing the tool, the m achine itself,
the workpiece, or causing injury to the operator.
6.Origin/preset operation
Basically, never attempt an orig in/preset operation when the m achine is operating under the control of a
program. Otherwise, the machine may behave unexpectedly, possibly damaging the tool, the machine
itself, the tool, or causing injury to the user.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS B-63324EN/03
s-8
WARNING
7.Workpiece coordinate system shift
Manual intervention, machine lock, or mirror imaging may shift the workpiece coordinate system.
Before attempting to operate the machine under the control of a prog ram, confirm the coordinate system
carefully.
If the machine is operated under the control of a program without making allowances for any shift in the
workpiece coordinate system, the machine may behave unexpectedly, possibly damaging the tool, the
machine itself, the workpiece, or causing injury to the operator.
8.Software operator’s panel and menu switches
Using the software operator’s panel and menu switches, in combination with the MDI panel, it is
possible to specify operations not supported by the machine operator’s panel, such as mode change,
override value change, and jog feed commands.
Note, however, that if the MDI panel keys are operated inadvertently, the machine may behave
unexpectedly, possibly damaging the tool, the machine itself, the workpiece, or causing injury to the
user.
9.Manual intervention
If manual intervention is performed during programmed operation of the machine, the tool path may
vary when the machine is restarted. Before restarting the machine after manual intervention, therefore,
confirm the settings of the manual absolute switches, parameters, and absolute/incremental command
mode.
10.Feed hold, override, and single block
The feed hold, feedrate override, and single block functions can be disabled using custom macro system
variable #3004. Be careful when operating the machine in this case.
11.Dry run
Usually, a dry run is used to confirm the operation of the machine. During a dry run, the machine
operates at dry run speed, which differs from the corresponding prog ramm ed feedrate. Note that the dry
run speed may sometimes be higher than the programmed feed rate.
12.Cutter and tool nose radius compensation in MDI mode
Pay careful attention to a tool path specified by a command in MDI mode, because cutter or tool nose
radius compensation is not applied. When a comm and is entered from the MDI to interrupt in automatic
operation in cutter or tool nose radius compensation m ode, pay particular attention to the tool path when
automatic operation is subsequently resumed. Refer to the descriptions of the corresponding functions
for details.
B-63324EN/03 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
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WARNING
13.Program editing
If the machine is stopped, after which the machining program is edited (modification, insertion, or
deletion), the machine may behave unexpectedly if machining is resumed under the control of that
program. Basically, do not m odify, insert, or delete com m ands from a m achining program while it is in
use.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS B-63324EN/03
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WARNINGS RELATED TO DAILY MAINTENANCE
WARNING
1.Memory backup battery replacement
When replacing the memory backup batteries, keep the power to the machine (CNC) turned on, and
apply an emergency stop to the machine. Because this work is performed with the power on and the
cabinet open, only those personnel who have received approved safety and maintenance training may
perform this work.
When replacing the batteries, be careful not to touch the high-voltage circuits (marked
and fitted
with an insulating cover).
Touching the uncovered high-voltage circuits presents an extremely dangerous electric shock hazard.
NOTE
The CNC uses batteries to preserve the contents of its memory, because it must retain data such as
programs, offsets, and parameters even while external power is not applied.
If the battery voltage drops, a low battery v o ltag e alarm is displayed on the machine operator’s panel or
screen.
When a low battery voltage alarm is displayed, replace the batteries within a week. Otherwise, the
contents of the CNC’s memory will be lost.
Refer to the Maintenance manual for details of the battery replacement procedure.
B-63324EN/03 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
s-11
WARNING
2.Absolute pulse coder battery replacement
When replacing the memory backup batteries, keep the power to the machine (CNC) turned on, and
apply an emergency stop to the machine. Because this work is performed with the power on and the
cabinet open, only those personnel who have received approved safety and maintenance training may
perform this work.
When replacing the batteries, be careful not to touch the high-voltage circuits (marked
and fitted
with an insulating cover).
Touching the uncovered high-voltage circuits presents an extremely dangerous electric shock hazard.
NOTE
The absolute pulse coder uses batteries to preserve its absolute position.
If the battery voltage drops, a low battery v o ltag e alarm is displayed on the machine operator’s panel or
screen.
When a low battery voltage alarm is displayed, replace the batteries within a week. Otherwise, the
absolute position data held by the pulse coder will be lost.
Refer to the Maintenance manual for details of the battery replacement procedure.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS B-63324EN/03
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WARNING
3.Fuse replacement
For some units, the chapter covering daily maintenance in the operator’s manual or programming
manual describes the fuse replacement procedure.
Before replacing a blown fuse, however, it is necessary to locate and remove the cause of the blown
fuse.
For this reason, only those personnel who have received approv ed safety and maintenance training may
perform this work.
When replacing a fuse with the cabinet open, be careful not to touch the high-voltage circuits (marked
and fitted with an insulating cover).
Touching an uncovered high-voltage circuit presents an extremely dangerous electric shock hazard.
B-63324EN/03 TABLE OF CONTENTS
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS.......................................................................... s-1
1 GENERAL..............................................................................................3
1.1 GENERAL FLOW OF OPERATION OF CNC MACHINE TOOL...................5
1.2 NOTES ON READING THIS MANUAL..........................................................7
1 GENERAL............................................................................................11
1.1 TOOL MOVEMENT ALONG WORKPIECE PART S FIGURE-
INTERPOLATION........................................................................................12
1.2 FEED-FEED FUNCTION.............................................................................14
1.3 PART DRAWING AND TOOL MOVEMENT................................................15
1.3.1 Reference Position (Machine-Specific Position) .................................................. 15
1.3.2 Coordinate System on Part Drawing and Coordinate System Specified by CNC -
Coordinate System................................................................................................. 16
1.3.3 How to Indicate Command Dimensions for Moving the Tool - Absolute,
Incremental Commands......................................................................................... 19
1.4 CUTTING SPEED - SPINDLE SPEED FUNCTION.....................................21
1.5 SELECTION OF TOOL USED FOR VARIOUS MACHINING - TOOL
FUNCTION ..................................................................................................22
1.6 COMMAND FOR MACHINE OPERATIONS - MISCELLANEOUS
FUNCTION ..................................................................................................23
1.7 PROGRAM CONFIGURATION ...................................................................24
1.8 TOOL FIGURE AND TOOL MOTION BY PROGRAM.................................27
1.9 TOOL MOVEMENT RANGE - STROKE......................................................28
2 CONROLLED AXES............................................................................29
2.1 CONTROLLED AXES..................................................................................30
2.2 AXIS NAME .................................................................................................31
2.3 INCREMENT SYSTEM................................................................................32
2.4 MAXIMUM STROKE....................................................................................34
3 PREPARATORY FUNCTION (G FUNCTION)......................................35
4 INTERPOLATION FUNCTIONS...........................................................39
TABLE OF CONTENTS B-63324EN/03
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4.1 POSITIONING (G00)...................................................................................40
4.2 SINGLE DIRECTION POSITIONING (G60) ................................................42
4.3 LINEAR INTERPOLATION (G01)................................................................44
4.4 CIRCULAR INTERPOLATION (G02,G03)...................................................46
4.5 HELICAL INTERPOLATION (G02,G03)......................................................51
4.6 HELICAL INTERPOLATION B (G02,G03)...................................................53
4.7 HYPOTHETICAL AXIS INTERPOLATION (G07)........................................54
4.8 POLAR COORDINATE INTERPOLATION (G12.1,G13.1)..........................57
4.9 CYLINDRICAL INTERPOLATION (G07.1)..................................................63
4.10 CYLINDRICAL INTERPOLATION CUTTING POINT CONTROL (G07.1)...67
4.11 EXPONENTIAL INTERPOLATION (G02.3,G03.3)......................................81
4.12 INVOLUTE INTERPOLATION (G02.2,G03.2).............................................89
4.12.1 Involute Interpolation with a Linear Axis and Rotation Axis (G02.2,G03.3)....... 94
4.13 HELICAL INVOLUTE INTERPOLATION (G02.2,G03.3).............................97
4.14 SPLINE INTERPOLATION (G06.1).............................................................98
4.15 SPIRAL INTERPOLATION, CONICAL INTERPOLATION (G02,G03) ......105
4.16 SMOOTH INTERPOLATION (G05.1)........................................................114
4.17 NURBS INTERPOLATION (G06.2)...........................................................120
4.17.1 NURBS Interpolation Additional Functions....................................................... 133
4.18 3-DIMENSIONAL CIRCULAR INTERPOLATION (G02.4 AND G03.4) .....140
4.19 THREADING (G33)....................................................................................144
4.20 INCH THREADING (G33)..........................................................................147
4.21 CONTINUOUS THREADING (G33)...........................................................148
5 FEED FUNCTIONS............................................................................149
5.1 GENERAL..................................................................................................150
5.2 RAPID TRAVERSE....................................................................................152
5.3 CUTTING FEED ........................................................................................153
5.4 OVERRIDE................................................................................................159
5.4.1 Feedrate Override................................................................................................ 159
5.4.2 Rapid Traverse Override ..................................................................................... 160
5.5 CUTTING FEEDRATE CONTROL ............................................................161
5.5.1 Exact Stop (G09, G61)Cutting Mode (G64)Tapping Mode (G63)..................... 162
5.5.2 Automatic Corner Override................................................................................. 163
5.6 AUTOMATIC VELOCITY CONTROL ........................................................167
5.6.1 Automatic velocity control during involute interpolation................................... 167
5.6.2 Automatic Velocity Control During Polar Coordinate Interpolation.................. 170
5.7 DWELL ......................................................................................................172
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5.8 FEEDRATE SPECIFICATION ON A VIRTUAL CIRCLE FOR A ROTARY
AXIS...........................................................................................................173
5.9 AUTOMATIC FEEDRATE CONTROL BY AREA.......................................177
6 REFERENCE POSITION....................................................................180
6.1 REFERENCE POSITION RETURN...........................................................181
6.2 FLOATING REFERENCE POSITION RETURN (G30.1)...........................185
7 COORDINATE SYSTEM....................................................................................187
7.1 MACHINE COORDINATE SYSTEM..........................................................188
7.2 WORKPIECE COORDINATE SYSTEM ....................................................190
7.2.1 Setting a Workpiece Coordinate System (G92) .................................................. 191
7.2.2 Setting Workpiece Coordinate System (G54 to G59)......................................... 192
7.2.3 Selecting Workpiece Coordinate System(G54 to G59)....................................... 194
7.2.4 Changing Workpiece Coordinate System............................................................195
7.2.5 Adding Workpiece Coordinate Systems (G54.1)................................................ 198
7.2.6 Workpiece Coordinate System Preset (G92.1).................................................... 200
7.2.7 Automatically Presetting the Workpiece Coordinate System............................. 202
7.3 LOCAL COORDINATE SYSTEM ..............................................................203
7.4 PLANE SELECTION..................................................................................205
7.5 PLANE CONVERSION FUNCTION...........................................................206
8 COORDINATE VALUE AND DIMENSION.........................................212
8.1 ABSOLUTE AND INCREMENTAL PROGRAMMING................................213
8.2 POLAR COORDINATE COMMAND (G15,G16)........................................214
8.3 INCH/METRIC CONVERSION (G20,G21) ................................................217
8.4 DECIMAL POINT INPUT/POCKET CALCULATOR TYPE DECIMAL POINT
INPUT........................................................................................................218
8.5 DIAMETER AND RADIUS PROGRAMMING ............................................220
8.6 PROGRAMMABLE SWITCHING OF DIAMETER/RADIUS SPECIFICAT ION
...................................................................................................................221
9 SPINDLE SPEED FUNCTION (S FUNCTION)...................................223
9.1 SPECIFYING THE SPINDLE SPEED WITH A CODE ..............................224
9.2 CONSTANT SURFACE SPEED CONTROL (G96, G97) ..........................225
9.3 SPINDLE POSITIONING FUNCTION........................................................230
9.3.1 Spindle Positioning.............................................................................................. 232
9.3.2 Orientation........................................................................................................... 233
9.3.3 Canceling the Spindle Positioning Mode............................................................ 234
9.4 SPINDLE SPEED FLUCTUATION DETECTION (G26, G25)....................236
TABLE OF CONTENTS B-63324EN/03
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10TOOL FUNCTION (T FUNCTION).....................................................................242
10.1 TOOL SELECTION FUNCTION................................................................243
10.2 TOOL LIFE MANAGEMENT FUNCTION ..................................................244
10.2.1 Tool Life Management Data................................................................................ 245
10.2.2 Register, Change and Delete of Tool Life Management Data............................ 246
10.2.3 Tool Life Management Command in a Machining Program............................... 249
10.2.4 Tool Service Life Count and Tool Selection....................................................... 254
10.2.5 Tool Life Count Restart M Code......................................................................... 256
11 AUXILIARY FUNCTION.....................................................................257
11.1 AUXILIARY FUNCTION (M FUNCTION)...................................................258
11.2 MULTIPLE M COMMANDS IN A SINGLE BLOCK....................................260
11.3 THE AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS..................................................................261
12 PROGRAM CONFIGURATION..........................................................262
12.1 PROGRAM SECTION CONFIGURATION ................................................264
12.2 SUBPROGRAM (M98, M99)......................................................................270
12.3 PROGRAM NUMBER................................................................................274
12.4 PROGRAM COMPONENTS OTHER THAN PROGRAM SECTIONS.......275
12.5 EXTERNAL DEVICE SUBPROGRAM CALL (M198) ................................278
13 FUNCTIONS TO SIMPLIFY PROGRAMMING...................................280
13.1 CANNED CYCLE.......................................................................................281
13.1.1 High-speed Peck Drilling Cycle (G73)................................................................ 287
13.1.2 Left-handed Tapping Cycle (G74) ...................................................................... 289
13.1.3 Fine Boring Cycle (G76)..................................................................................... 292
13.1.4 Drilling Cycle, Spot Drilling (G81)..................................................................... 295
13.1.5 Drilling Cycle Counter Boring Cycle (G82) ....................................................... 297
13.1.6 Peck Drilling Cycle (G83)................................................................................... 299
13.1.7 Tapping Cycle (G84)........................................................................................... 301
13.1.8 Boring Cycle (G85)............................................................................................. 304
13.1.9 Boring Cycle (G86)............................................................................................. 306
13.1.10 Boring Cycle/Back Boring Cycle (G87).............................................................. 308
13.1.11 Boring Cycle (G88) ............................................................................................. 313
13.1.12 Boring Cycle (G89) ............................................................................................. 315
13.1.13 Canned Cycle Cancel (G80)................................................................................ 317
13.1.14 Example of Canned Cycle................................................................................... 318
13.2 RIGID TAPPING........................................................................................320
13.2.1 Rigid Tapping (G84.2) ........................................................................................ 321
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13.2.2 Left-handed Rigid Tapping Cycle (G84.3).......................................................... 324
13.2.3 Rigid tapping Orientation Function..................................................................... 327
13.2.4 Peck Rigid Tapping Cycle (G84 or G74)............................................................ 329
13.2.5 Three-dimensional rigid tapping ......................................................................... 331
13.3 EXTERNAL MOTION FUNCTION (G81)...................................................333
13.4 OPTIONAL ANGLE CHAMFERING AND CORNER ROUNDING.............334
13.5 PROGRAMMABLE MIRROR IMAGE (G50.1, G51.1)...............................338
13.6 INDEX TABLE INDEXING FUNCTION......................................................342
13.7 FIGURE COPY (G72.1,G72.2)..................................................................345
13.8 NORMAL DIRECTION CONTROL (G40.1, G41.1, G42.1)........................353
13.9 THREE-DIMENSIONAL COORDINATE CONVERSION (G68,G69).........357
14 COMPENSATION FUNCTION...........................................................368
14.1 TOOL LENGTH OFFSET (G43,G44,G49).................................................369
14.1.1 General................................................................................................................. 370
14.2 TOOL OFFSET(G45-G48).........................................................................373
14.3 OVERVIEW OF CUTTER COMPENSATION C (G40 - G42)....................378
14.4 DETAILS OF CUTTER COMPENSATION C.............................................385
14.4.1 General................................................................................................................. 386
14.4.2 Tool Movement in Start-up................................................................................. 390
14.4.3 Tool Movement in the Offset Mode.................................................................... 397
14.4.4 Tool Movement in Offset Mode Cancel.............................................................. 418
14.4.5 Overcutting by Cutter Compensation.................................................................. 426
14.4.6 Interference Check............................................................................................... 430
14.4.7 Cutter Compensation by Input from MDI........................................................... 445
14.4.8 Vector Holding (G38).......................................................................................... 447
14.4.9 Corner Circular Interpolation (G39).................................................................... 449
14.5 THREE-DIMENSIONAL TOOL COMPENSATION (G40, G41).................452
14.6 TOOL COMPENSATION VALUES............................................................458
14.6.1 Tool Compensation Memory A........................................................................... 460
14.6.2 Tool Compensation Memory B........................................................................... 460
14.6.3 Tool Compensation Memory C........................................................................... 460
14.7 NUMBER OF TOOL COMPENSATION SETTINGS..................................461
14.8 CHANGING THE TOOL COMPENSATION AMOUNT..............................462
14.9 SCALING (G50,51)....................................................................................463
14.10 COORDINATE SYSTEM ROTATION (G68,G69)......................................469
14.11 TOOL OFFSETS BASED ON TOOL NUMBERS ......................................475
14.11.1 Tool Data Registration, Modification, and Deletion........................................... 476
TABLE OF CONTENTS B-63324EN/03
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14.11.2 Tool Offset Based on Tool Numbers................................................................... 478
14.11.3 Relationships with Other Functions .................................................................... 482
14.12 TOOL AXIS DIRECTION TOOL LENGTH COMPENSATION...................484
14.13 ROTARY TABLE DYNAMIC FIXTURE OFFSET.......................................491
14.14 THREE-DIMENSIONAL CUTTER COMPENSATION ...............................498
14.14.1 Tool Side Compensation ..................................................................................... 499
14.14.2 Leading Edge Offset............................................................................................ 515
14.14.3 Three-dimensional Cutter Compensation at Tool Center Point.......................... 523
14.15 DESIGNATION DIRECTION TOOL LENGHT COMPENSATION.............528
14.16 TOOL CENTER POINT CONTROL...........................................................535
14.17 CONTROL POINT COMPENSATION OF TOOL LENGTH COMPENSATION
ALONG TOOL AXIS ..................................................................................543
14.18 GRINDING WHEEL WEAR COMPENSATION.........................................547
14.19 CUTTER COMPENSATION FOR ROTARY TABLE .................................556
15 PROGRAMMABLE PARAMETER INPUT (G10) ...............................561
16MEASUREMENT FUNCTIOM............................................................................563
16.1 SKIP FUNCTION (G31).............................................................................564
16.2 SKIPPING THE COMMANDS FOR SEVERAL AXES...............................567
16.3 HIGH SPEED SKIP SIGNAL (G31)...........................................................568
16.4 MULTISTAGE SKIP (G31.1 TO G31.4).....................................................569
16.5 AUTOMATIC TOOL LENGTH MEASUREMENT (G37) ............................571
16.6 TORQUE LIMIT SKIP................................................................................575
17 CUSTOM MACRO..............................................................................579
17.1 VARIABLES...............................................................................................580
17.2 SYSTEM VARIABLES...............................................................................585
17.3 ARITHMETIC COMMANDS.......................................................................615
17.4 MACRO STATEMENTS AND NC STATEMENTS.....................................621
17.5 BRANCH AND REPETITION.....................................................................622
17.5.1 Unconditional Branch (GOTO Statement).......................................................... 622
17.5.2 Conditional Branch (IF Statement)......................................................................623
17.5.3 Repetition (While Statement).............................................................................. 625
17.6 MACRO CALL............................................................................................ 628
17.6.1 Simple Call (G65)................................................................................................ 629
17.6.2 Modal Call : Move Command Call (G66)........................................................... 635
17.6.3 Modal Call : Per-Block Call (G66.1)...................................................................638
17.6.4 Macro Call Using G Code................................................................................... 639
B-63324EN/03 TABLE OF CONTENTS
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17.6.5 Macro Calls with G Codes (Specification of Multiple G Codes) ....................... 641
17.6.6 Macro Calls with G Codes with the Decimal Point (Specification of Multiple G
Codes).................................................................................................................. 642
17.6.7 Macro Call Using an M Code.............................................................................. 643
17.6.8 Macro Calls with M Codes with the Decimal Point (Specification of Multiple G
Codes).................................................................................................................. 644
17.6.9 Subprogram Call Using an M Code.....................................................................645
17.6.10 Subprogram Call Using an M Code (Specification of Multiple G Codes)..........646
17.6.11 Subprogram Calls Using a T Code...................................................................... 647
17.6.12 Subprogram Calls Using a S Code ...................................................................... 648
17.6.13 Subprogram Calls Using a 2nd Auxiliary Function Code................................... 649
17.6.14 Sample Program................................................................................................... 650
17.7 PROCESSING MACRO STATEMENTS....................................................652
17.8 REGISTERING CUSTOM MACRO PROGRAMS .....................................654
17.9 CODES AND RESERVED WORDS USED IN CUSTOM MACROS .........655
17.10 WRITE-PROTECTING COMMON VARIABLES........................................657
17.11 DISPLAYING A MACRO ALARM AND MACRO MESSAGE IN JAPANESE
...................................................................................................................658
17.12 EXTERNAL OUTPUT COMMANDS..........................................................659
17.13 LIMITATIONS............................................................................................664
17.14 INTERRUPTION TYPE CUSTOM MACRO...............................................666
17.14.1 Specification Method........................................................................................... 667
17.14.2 Details of Functions............................................................................................. 669
18 HIGH-SPEED CUTTING FUNCTIONS ...............................................678
18.1 MULTIBUFFER (G05.1).............................................................................679
18.2 DECELERATION BASED ON ACCELERATION DURING CIRCULAR
INTERPOLATION......................................................................................683
18.3 ADVANCED PREVIEW CONTROL(G05.1)...............................................685
18.4 LOOK-AHEAD ACCELERATION/DECELERATION BEFORE
INTERPOLATION (G05.1).........................................................................686
18.5 FINE HPCC (G05.1) ..................................................................................689
18.6 MACHINING TYPE IN HPCC SCREEN PROGRAMMING (G05.1 OR G10)
...................................................................................................................692
19 AXIS CONTROL FUNCTIONS...........................................................694
19.1 AXIS INTERCHANGE................................................................................695
19.2 TWIN TABLE CONTROL...........................................................................698
TABLE OF CONTENTS B-63324EN/03
c-8
19.2.1 Tool Length Compensation in tool axis direction with Twin Table Control...... 702
19.3 SYNCHRONIZATION CONTROL..............................................................705
19.4 TANDEM CONTROL.................................................................................706
19.5 CHOPPING FUNCTION (G80,G81.1) .......................................................707
19.6 PARALLEL AXIS CONTROL.....................................................................714
19.7 ROTARY AXIS ROLL-OVER.....................................................................719
19.8 MULTIPLE ROTARY CONTROL AXIS FUNCTION..................................721
19.9 ELECTRONIC GEAR BOX (G80, G81, G80.5, G81.5)..............................723
19.9.1 Command Specification (G80.5, G81.5)............................................................. 724
19.9.2 Command Specification Compatible with Hobbing Machine (G80,G81) .......... 726
19.9.3 Example of Controlled Axis Configuration ........................................................ 729
19.9.4 Sample Programs................................................................................................. 730
19.9.5 Synchronization Ratio Specification Range........................................................ 734
19.9.6 Retract Function .................................................................................................. 739
19.9.7 Electronic Gear Box Automatic Phase Synchronization..................................... 741
19.10 SKIP FUNCTION FOR EGB AXIS(G31.8).................................................745
19.11 TOOL WITHDRAWAL AND RETURN (G10.6)..........................................747
19.12 HIGH SPEED HRV MODE ........................................................................750
A TAPE CODE LIST..............................................................................755
B LIST OF FUNCTION AND TAPE FORMAT........................................758
C RANGE OF COMMAND VALUE........................................................763
D NOMOGRAPHS.................................................................................767
D.1 INCORRECT THREADED LENGTH .........................................................768
D.2 SIMPLE CALCULATION OF INCORRECT THREAD LENGTH................770
D.3 TOOL PATH AT CORNER ........................................................................772
D.4 RADIUS DIRECTION ERROR AT CIRCLE CUTTING.............................. 775
E TABLE OF KANJI AND HIRAGANA CODES ....................................776
F ALARM LIST......................................................................................784
F.1 PS ALARM (ALARMS RELATED TO PROGRAM)....................................785
F.2 BG ALARM (ALARMS RELATED TO BACKGROUND EDIT)...................799
F.3 SR ALARM.................................................................................................801
F.4 SW ALARM (ALARMS RELATED TO PARAMETER WRITING)..............803
F.5 SV ALARM (ALARMS RELATED TO SERVO)..........................................804
B-63324EN/03 TABLE OF CONTENTS
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F.6 OT ALARM ................................................................................................808
F.7 IO ALARM..................................................................................................810
F.8 PW ALARM (POWER MUST BE TURNED OFF THEN ON AGAIN) ........810
F.9 SP ALARM (ALARMS RELATED TO SPINDLE).......................................811
F.10 OH ALARM (ALARMS RELATED TO OVERHEAT)..................................814
I
B-63324EN/03 GENERAL 1.GENERAL
- 3 -
1 GENERAL
Operator’s Manuals consist of the PROGRAMMING Manual and
OPERATION Manual.
About this Operator’s Manual
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (PROGRAMMING) (B-63324EN)
I. GENERAL
Describes chapter organization, applicable models, related
manuals, and notes for reading this manual.
II. PROGRAMMING
Describes each function: Format used to program functions in the
NC language, characteristics, and restrictions.
APPENDIX
Lists tape codes, valid data ranges, and alarms.
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (OPERATION) (B-63324EN-1)
I. GENERAL
Describes chapter organization, applicable models, related
manuals, and notes for reading this manual.
II. OPERATION
Describes the manual operation and automatic operation of a
machine, procedures for inputting and outputting data, and
procedures for editing a program.
III. MAINTENANCE
Describes investigation of trouble generation situation.
APPENDIX
Status when turning power on, when reset
Some functions described in this manual may not be applied to some
products. For detail, refer to the DESCRIPTIONS manual(B-
63322EN).
This manual does not describe parameters in detail. For details on
parameters mentioned in this manual, refer to the manual for
parameters (B-63330EN).
This manual describes all optional functions. Look up the options
incorporated into your system in the manual written by the machine
tool builder.
Applicable product name
The models covered by this manual, and their abbreviations are:
Product name Abbreviations
FANUC Series 15i-MA 15i-MA Series 15i
FANUC Series 150i-MA 150i-MA Series 150i
Special symbols
This manual uses the following symbols:
1.GENERAL GENERAL B-63324EN/03
- 4 -
P_ : Indicates a combination of axes such as X__ Y__ Z (used in
PROGRAMMING.).
; : Indicates the end of a block. It actually corresponds to the ISO
code LF or EIA code CR.
Related manuals
The table below lists manuals related to MODEL A of Series 15i, and
Series 150i. In the table, this manual is marked with an asterisk (*).
Table 1 (a) Related Manuals
Manual name
Specification
number
DESCRIPTIONS B-63322EN
CONNECTION MANUAL (Hardware) B-63323EN
CONNECTION MANUAL (Function) B-63323EN-1
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (PROGRAMMING) B-63324EN *
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (OPERATION) B-63324EN-1
MAINTENANCE MANUAL B-63325EN
PARAMETER MANUAL B-63330EN
DESCRIPTIONS (Supplement for Remote Buffer0 B-63322EN-1
PROGRAMMING MANUA L
(Macro Compiler/Macro Executor)
B-63323EN-2
B-63324EN/03 GENERAL 1.GENERAL
- 5 -
1.1 GENERAL FLOW OF OPERATION OF CNC MACHINE
TOOL
When machining the part using the CNC m achine tool, first prepare the
program, then operate the CNC machine by using the program.
(1) First, prepare the program from a part drawing to operate the CNC
machine tool. How to prepare the program is described in the
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (PROGRAMMING).
(2) The program is to be read into the CNC system. Then, mount the
workpieces and tools on the machine, and operate the tools
according to the programming. Finally, execute the machining
actually. How to operate the CNC system is described in the
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (OPERATION).
Before the actual programming, make the machining plan for how to
machine the part.
Machining plan-
1. Determination of workpieces machining range
2. Method of mounting workpieces on the machine tool
3. Machining sequence in every machining process
4. Machining tools and machining
Decide the machining method in every machining process.
123
Machining process
Machining procedure
Feed
cutting
Side
cutting
Hole
machining
1. Machining method
: Rough
Semi
Finish
2. Machining tools
3. Machining conditions
: Feedrate
Cutting depth
4. Tool path
CNC MACHINE TOOL
PROGRAMMING
OPERATION
Part
drawing
Part
programming
1.GENERAL GENERAL B-63324EN/03
- 6 -
Prepare the program of the tool path and machining condition
according to the workpiece figure, for each machining.
Hole machining
Face cutt ing
Side cutting
Tool
B-63324EN/03 GENERAL 1.GENERAL
- 7 -
1.2 NOTES ON READING THIS MANUAL
NOTE
1 The function of an CNC machine tool system
depends not only on the CNC, but on the
combination of the machine tool, its magnetic
cabinet, the servo system, the CNC, the operator’s
panels, etc. It is too difficult to describe the function,
programming, and operation relating to all
combinations.
This manual generally describes these from the
stand-point of the CNC. So, for details on a particular
CNC machine tool, refer to the manual issued by the
machine tool builder, which should take precedence
over this manual.
2 Headings are placed in the left margin so that the
reader can easily access necessary information.
When locating the necessary information, the reader
can save time by searching though these headings.
3 Machining programs, parameters, variables, etc. are
stored in the CNC unit internal non-volatile memory.
In general, these contents are not lost by the
switching ON/OFF of the power. However, it is
possible that a state can occur where precious data
stored in the non-volatile memory has to be deleted,
because of deletions from a maloperation, or by a
failure restoration.
In order to restore rapidly when this kind of mishap
occurs, it is recommended that you create a copy of
the various kinds of data beforehand.
4 This manual describes as many reasonable
variations in equipment usage as possible. It cannot
address every combination of features, options and
commands that should not be attempted.
If a particular combination of operations is not
described, it should not be attempted.
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