Samsung PS42P2SDXXEC Schematic

0 (0)

PLASMA DISPLAY TV

Chassis : D53A(P)

Model: PS42P2SDX/XEC

 

 

 

 

PLASMA DIAPLAY TV

 

 

C O N T E N T S

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1.

Precautions

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2.

Reference Information

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3.

Specifications

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4.

Alignment and Adjustments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5.

Circuit Operation Description

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6.

Troubleshooting

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7.

Exploded View and Parts List

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

8.

Electric Parts List

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

9.

Handling Description

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.

Glossary

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

11.

Wiring Diagram

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12.

Schematic Diagrams

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Precautions

1. Precautions

Follow these safety, servicing and ESD precautions to prevent damage and protect against potential hazards such as electrical shock and X-rays.

1-1 Safety Precautions

1.Be sure that all of the built-in protective devices are replaced. Restore any missing protective shields.

2.When reinstalling the chassis and its assemblies, be sure to restore all protective devices, including: nonmetallic control knobs and compartment covers.

3.Make sure that there are no cabinet openings through which people—particularly children—might insert fingers and contact dangerous voltages. Such openings include the spacing between fornt cabinet and back cabinet, excessively wide cabinet

ventilation slots, and improperly fitted back covers.

4.Leakage Current Hot Check (Figure 1-1): Warning: Do not use an isolation transformer during this test. Use a leakagecurrent tester or a metering system that complies with American National Standards Institute (ANSI C101.1, Leakage Current for Appliances), and Underwriters Laboratories (UL Publication UL1950.5.2).

5.With the unit completely reassembled, plug the AC line cord directly into the power outlet. With the unit’s AC switch first in the ON position and then OFF, measure the current between a known earth ground (metal water pipe, conduit, etc.) and all exposed metal parts, including: antennas, handle brackets, metal cabinets, screwheads and control shafts. The current measured should not exceed 3.5 milliamp. Reverse the powerplug prongs in the AC outlet and repeat the test.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(READING SHOULD

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LEAKAGE

NOT BE ABOVE

DEVICE

 

 

 

 

 

CURRENT

 

0.5mA)

UNDER

 

 

 

 

 

TESTER

 

 

 

TEST

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TEST ALL

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXPOSED METAL

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SURFACES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2-WIRE CORD

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ALSO TEST WITH

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

PLUG REVERSED

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(USING AC ADAPTER

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EARTH

PLUG AS REQUIRED)

 

 

 

 

 

GROUND

Fig. 1-1 AC Leakage Test

6.Antenna Cold Check:

With the unit’s AC plug disconnected from the AC source, connect an electrical jumper across the two AC prongs. Connect one lead of the ohmmeter to an AC prong. Connect the other lead to the coaxial connector.

7.High Voltage Limits:

High voltage must be measured each time servicing is done on the B+, horizontal deflection

or high voltage circuits.

Samsung Electronics

1-1

Precautions

1-2 Safety Precautions (Continued)

8.High voltage is maintained within specified limits by close-tolerance, safety-related components and adjustments. If the high voltage exceeds the specified limits, check each of the special components.

9.Design Alteration Warning:

Never alter or add to the mechanical or electrical design of this unit. Example: Do not add auxiliary audio or video connectors. Such alterations might create a safety hazard. Also, any design changes or additions will void the manufacturer’s warranty.

10.Hot Chassis Warning:

Some TV receiver chassis are electrically connected directly to one conductor of the AC power cord. If an isolation transformer is not used, these units may be safely serviced only if the AC power plug is inserted so that the chassis is connected to the ground side of the AC source.

To confirm that the AC power plug is inserted correctly, do the following: Using an AC voltmeter, measure the voltage between the chassis and a known earth ground. If the reading is greater than 1.0V, remove the AC power plug, reverse its polarity and reinsert. Re-measure the voltage between the chassis and ground.

11.Some TV chassis are designed to operate with 85 volts AC between chassis and ground, regardless of the AC plug polarity. These units can be safely serviced only if an isolation transformer inserted between the receiver and the power source.

12.Some TV chassis have a secondary ground system in addition to the main chassis ground. This secondary ground system is not

isolated from the AC power line. The two ground systems are electrically separated by insulating material that must not be defeated or altered.

13.Components, parts and wiring that appear to have overheated or that are otherwise damaged should be replaced with parts that meet the original specifications. Always determine the cause of damage or overheating, and correct any potential hazards.

14.Observe the original lead dress, especially near the following areas: Antenna wiring, sharp edges, and especially the AC and high

voltage power supplies. Always inspect for pinched, out-of-place, or frayed wiring. Do not change the spacing between components and the printed circuit board. Check the AC power cord for damage. Make sure that leads and components do not touch thermally hot parts.

15.Product Safety Notice:

Some electrical and mechanical parts have special safety-related characteristics which might not be obvious from visual inspection. These safety features and the protection they give might be lost if the replacement component differs from the original—even if the replacement is rated for higher voltage, wattage, etc.

Components that are critical for safety are indicated in the circuit diagram by shading,

( ) or ( ! ).

Use replacement components that have the same ratings, especially for flame resistance and dielectric strength specifications.

A replacement part that does not have the same safety characteristics as the original might create shock, fire or other hazards.

1-2

Samsung Electronics

Precautions

1-3 Servicing Precautions

Warning 1 : First read the “Safety Precautions” section of this manual. If some unforeseen circumstance creates a conflict between the servicing and safety precautions, always follow the safety precautions.

Warning 2 : An electrolytic capacitor installed with the wrong polarity might explode.

1.Servicing precautions are printed on the cabinet. Follow them.

2.Always unplug the unit’s AC power cord from the AC power source before attempting to: (a) Remove or reinstall any component or assembly, (b) Disconnect an electrical plug or connector, (c) Connect a test component in parallel with an electrolytic capacitor.

3.Some components are raised above the printed circuit board for safety. An insulation tube or tape is sometimes used. The internal wiring is sometimes clamped to prevent contact with thermally hot components. Reinstall all such elements to their original position.

4.After servicing, always check that the screws, components and wiring have been correctly reinstalled. Make sure that the portion around the serviced part has not been damaged.

5.Check the insulation between the blades of the AC plug and accessible conductive parts (examples: metal panels, input terminals and earphone jacks).

6.Never defeat any of the B+ voltage interlocks. Do not apply AC power to the unit (or any of its assemblies) unless all solid-state heat sinks are correctly installed.

7.Always connect a test instrument’s ground lead to the instrument chassis ground before connecting the positive lead; always remove the instrument’s ground lead last.

8.Plasma display panels have partial afterimages when a same picture continues to be displayed for a certain time. This happens due to the degradation of brightness caused by a scale-down effect.

To prevent such afterimages when displaying a same picture for a certain time, be sure to reduce the level of brightness and contrast. ex) Contrast : 50 or 75, Brightness : 25

9.Plasma display is an array of pixels(cells). Therefore, if at least 99.9% pixels keep normal, the appropriate panel is judged as ‘approved product.’ Even though some of pixels keep luminescent or always light off, do not worry because the panel is approved.

Samsung Electronics

1-3

Precautions

1-4 Precautions for Electrostatically Sensitive Devices (ESDs)

1.Some semiconductor (“solid state”) devices are easily damaged by static electricity. Such components are called Electrostatically Sensitive Devices (ESDs); examples include integrated circuits and some field-effect transistors. The following techniques will reduce the occurrence of component damage caused by static electricity.

2.Immediately before handling any semicon ductor components or assemblies, drain the electrostatic charge from your body by touching a known earth ground. Alternatively, wear a discharging wrist-strap device. (Be sure to remove it prior to applying power— this is an electric shock precaution.)

3.After removing an ESD-equipped assembly, place it on a conductive surface such as aluminum foil to prevent accumulation of electrostatic charge.

4.Do not use freon-propelled chemicals. These can generate electrical charges that damage ESDs.

5.Use only a grounded-tip soldering iron when soldering or unsoldering ESDs.

6.Use only an anti-static solder removal device. Many solder removal devices are not rated as “anti-static”; these can accumulate sufficient electrical charge to damage ESDs.

7.Do not remove a replacement ESD from its protective package until you are ready to install it. Most replacement ESDs are packaged with leads that are electrically shorted together by conductive foam, aluminum foil or other conductive materials.

8.Immediately before removing the protective material from the leads of a replacement ESD, touch the protective material to the chassis or circuit assembly into which the device will be installed.

9.Minimize body motions when handling unpackaged replacement ESDs. Motions such as brushing clothes together, or lifting a foot from a carpeted floor can generate enough static electricity to damage an ESD.

1-4

Samsung Electronics

Reference Information

2. Reference Information

2-1 Tables of Abbreviations and Acronyms

Table 2-1 Abbreviations

A

Ampere

MV

Megavolt

Ah

Ampere-hour

MW

Megawatt

Å

Angstrom

MΩ

Megohm

dB

Decibel

m

Meter

dBm

Decibel Referenced to One

µA

Microampere

°C

Milliwatt

µF

Microfarad

Degree Celsius

µH

Microhenry

°F

Degree Fahrenheit

µm

Micrometer

°K

degree Kelvin

µs

Microsecond

F

Farad

µW

Microwatt

G

Gauss

mA

Milliampere

GHz

Gigahertz

mg

Milligram

g

Gram

mH

Millihenry

H

Henry

mI

Milliliter

Hz

Hertz

mm

Millimeter

h

Hour

ms

Millisecond

ips

Inches Per Second

mV

Millivolt

kWh

Kilowatt-hour

nF

Nanofarad

kg

Kilogram

Ohm

kHz

Kilohertz

pF

Picofarad

kΩ

Kilohm

Ib

Pound

km

Kilometer

rpm

Revolutions Per Minute

km/h

Kilometer Per Hour

rps

Revolutions Per Second

kV

Kilovolt

s

Second (Time)

kVA

Kilovolt-ampere

V

Volt

kW

Kilowatt

VA

Volt-ampere

I

Liter

W

Watt

MHz

Megahertz

Wh

Watt-hour

Samsung Electronics

2-1

Reference Information

Table 2-2 Table of Acronyms

ABL

Automatic Brightness Limiter

I/O

Input/output

AC

Alternating Current

L

Left

ACC

Automatic Chroma Control

L

Low

AF

Audio Frequency

LED

Light Emitting Diode

AFC

Automatic Frequency Control

LF

Low Frequency

AFT

Automatic Fine Tuning

MOSFET

Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor-Field-Effect-Tr

AGC

Automatic Gain Control

MTS

Multi-channel Television Sound

AM

Amplitude Modulation

NAB

National Association of Broadcasters

ANSI

American National Standards Institute

NEC

National Electric Code

APC

Automatic Phase Control

NTSC

National Television Systems Committee

APC

Automatic Picture Control

OSD

On Screen Display

A/V

Audio-Video

PCB

Printed Circuit Board

AVC

Automatic Volume Control

PLL

Phase-Locked Loop

BAL

Balance

PWM

Pulse Width Modulation

BPF

Bandpass Filter

QIF

Quadrature Intermediate Frequency

B-Y

Blue-Y

R

Right

CATV

Community Antenna Television (Cable TV)

RC

Resistor & Capacitor

CB

Citizens Band

RF

Radio Frequency

CCD

Charge Coupled Device

R-Y

Red-Y

CCTV

Closed Circuit Television

SAP

Second Audio Program

Ch

Channel

SAW

Surface Acoustic Wave(Filter)

CRT

Cathode Ray Tube

SIF

Sound Intermediate Frequency

CW

Continuous Wave

SMPS

Switching Mode Power Supply

DC

Direct Current

S/N

Signal/Noise

DVM

Digital Volt Meter

SW

Switch

EIA

Electronics Industries Association

TP

Test Point

ESD

Electrostatic Discharge

TTL

Transistor Transistor Logic

ESD

Electrostatically Sensitive Device

TV

Television

FBP

Feedback Pulse

UHF

Ultra High Frequency

FBT

Flyback Transformer

UL

Underwriters Laboratories

FF

Flip-Flop

UV

Ultraviolet

FM

Frequency Modulation

VCD

Variable-Capacitance Diode

FS

Fail Safe

VCO

Voltage Controlled Oscillator

GND

Ground

VCXO

Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator

G-Y

Green-Y

VHF

Very High Frequency

H

High

VIF

Video Intermediate Frequency

HF

High-Frequency

VR

Variable Resistor

HI-FI

High Fidelity

VTR

Video Tape Recorder

IC

Inductance-Capacitance

VTVM

Vacuum Tube Voltmeter

IC

Integrated Circuit

TR

Transistor

IF

Intermediate Frequency

 

 

 

 

 

 

2-2

Samsung Electronics

Specifications

3. Specifications

3-1 Display(PDP Monitor)

 

 

MODEL

PS-42P2S

 

 

 

SCREEN SIZE

16:9

 

 

 

 

Dimensions

 

Display

1039(W) x 89(D) x 635(H)/40.9(W) x 3.5(D) x 25(H)

 

 

 

(mm/inch)

 

Remote Control

54(W) x 31.5(D) x 220(H)/2.13(W) x 1.24(D) x 8.66(H)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Terminal

 

Display

32Kg/70.54\bs

 

 

 

 

Remote Control

150g/0.33\bs

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Front

POWER , MUTE, -VOLME+, ▲SELECT▼, MENU,SOURCE

 

 

 

 

In/Out

 

 

AV1(S-VHS IN, VIDEO IN)

 

 

AV2(SCART IN)

Terminals

 

Back

PC IN

 

 

 

 

AUDIO IN(AV1, PC)

 

 

 

 

 

 

RS232C(only for service)

 

 

 

External Speaker Out

 

 

 

 

 

Power Supply

AC220V 50/60Hz

 

 

 

Power Consumption

350W

 

 

 

 

 

Screen Size

852 x 474(106 cm)/33.54 x 18.66(42inchs)

 

 

 

Adjustment System

Electronic Function Adjustment

 

 

 

 

Samsung Electronics

3-1

MENO

3-2

Samsung Electronics

Alignment and Adjustments

4. Alignment and Adjustments

4-1 Service Mode

4-1-1 SERVICE MODE ENTRY METHOD (General Transmitter)

1.Turn off the power to make the SET STAND-BY mode.

2.In order to enter the Service Mode, select MUTE-1-8-2-POWER.

In case entry into SERVICE MODE is unsuccessful, repeat the procedures above.

4-1-2 Initial DISPLAY State in times of SERVICE MODE Switch overs

4-1-2(A)

OSD DISPLAY

 

 

 

 

 

 

1.

PWS364A

9. PinP Control

 

2.

VPC3230

10.

OSD Position

 

3.

SDA9400

11.

Test Position

 

4.

SDA9280

12.

Option Table

 

5.

AD9884-Video

13.

Reset

 

6.

AD9884-DTV/PC

 

 

 

7.

CXA2101Q-1

 

 

 

8.

CXA2101Q-2

 

 

 

Release Time :

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4-1-2(B) BUTTONS OPERATIONS WITHIN SERVICE MODE

Menu

Entire menu display

 

 

Joystick UP/DOWN

Cursor move to select items

 

 

Joystick

Enable to increase and decrease the data of the selected items

 

 

#Notice

1.In case of no signal in ALL MODE. entry into the FACTORY MODE cannot be made.

Samsung Electronics

4-1

Alignment and Adjustments

4-1-3 Details of Control

4-1-3(A) PW364A

No

OSD

Item

 

Range

Default

Description

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

H Position

H Position

0

~ 127

30

H-Position(The Picture moves left when the value increase)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

V Position

V Position

0

~

84

34

V-Position(The Picture moves up when the value increase)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

Red Gain

Red Gain

0

~ 255

116

High Light Adjustment(Variable)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4

Green Gain

Green Gain

0

~ 255

116

High Light Adjustment(Variable)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

Blue Gain

Blue Gain

0

~ 255

116

High Light Adjustment(Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6

Red offset

Red Cutoff

0

~ 255

128

Low Light Adjustment(Variable)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7

Green offset

Green Cutoff

0

~ 255

128

Low Light Adjustment(Variable)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

8

Blue offset

Blue Cutoff

0

~ 255

128

Low Light Adjustment(Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

9

APL on/off

APL on/off

0, 1

 

1

Fixed, Shipment Setting : APL On

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10

High Light

High Light

0

~ 255

116

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

11

Low Light

Low Light

0

~ 255

128

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12

Shift Pixel

Shift Pixel

off, on

 

Off

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

13

Test

Test

0,1

 

0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

14

Pixel Number

Pixel Number

0

~

5

4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

15

Shift Line

Shift Live

0

~

5

4

 

16

Time

Time

0

~

60

4

 

4-1-3(B) VPC3230

No

OSD

Item

 

Range

Default

Description

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

Bright YUV

Brightness of YUV

0

~ 255

195

Comp, (DVD) Bright, Level (Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

Cont YUV

Contrast of YUV

0

~

63

27

Comp, (DVD) Cont, Level (Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

IF Comp

IF Compensation

0

~

3

2

Air IF Frequency Characteristic Setting (Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4

Chroma band

Chroma band width

0

~

4

3

Chroma Band Setting (Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

Ena Luma

Enable Luma, LPF

0

~

1

1

Determines whether LPF is used or not (Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6

HPLL Speed

HPLL Speed

0

~

3

1

VCR/Air Sync, Response Velocity Setting

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7

Luma Delay

Luma/Chroma Delay

0

~

9

5

Y/C Delay

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

8

3230 Bright

Brightness

0

~ 255

168

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

9

3230 Contrast

Contrast

0

~

63

36

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10

H LPF Y/C

H LPF for Y/C

0

~

4

0

By pass, f1, f2, f3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

11

H LPF Chroma

H LPF Chroma

0

~

2

0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12

H Peaking

H Peaking Filter

0

~

3

2

Board, Med, Narrow

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

13

Coaring Off/On

Coaring Off/On

0, 1

 

1

Coaring off, on

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4-2

Samsung Electronics

Alignment and Adjustments

4-1-3(C) SDP9400

No

OSD

Item

 

Range

Default

Description

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

SNR On

SNR On

 

0, 1

 

1

Spatial Noise Reduction

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

VCSNR On

VCSNR On

 

0, 1

 

1

Vertical Spatial Noise Reduction

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

HCSNR On

HCSNR On

 

0, 1

 

0

Horiz, Spatial Noise Reduction

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4

DTNR On

DTNR On

 

0, 1

 

1

Frame/Field Selection

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

TNRCLY

TNRCLY

0

~

15

5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6

TNRCNC

TNRCNC

0

~

15

5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4-1-3(D) SDA9280

No

OSD

Item

 

Range

Default

Description

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

CTI Thresh

CTI Thresh

0

~

15

0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

CTI Trawid

CTI Trawid

0

~

15

0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

Y-Delay

Y-Delay

0

~

15

11

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4

LPF Gain

LPF Gain

0

~

7

4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

BPF Gain

BPF Gain

0

~

15

8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6

HPF Gain

HPF Gain

0

~

15

8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7

Phacom

Phacom

0

~

3

0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

8

Cor

Cor

 

0, 1

 

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4-1-3(E) AD9884-VIDEO

No

OSD

Item

 

Range

Default

Description

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

Red Gain

Red Gain

0

~ 255

137

PC Mode W/B (Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

Green Gain

Green Gain

0

~ 255

128

PC Mode W/B (Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

Blue Gain

Blue Gain

0

~ 255

141

PC Mode W/B (Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4

Red Offset

Red Offset

0

~

63

27

PC Mode W/B (Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

Green Offset

Green Offset

0

~

63

32

PC Mode W/B (Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6

Blue Offset

Blue Offset

0

~

63

36

PC Mode W/B (Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Samsung Electronics

4-3

Alignment and Adjustments

4-1-3(F) AD9884 DTV/PC

No

OSD

Item

 

Range

Default

Description

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

Red Gain

Red Gain

0

~ 255

125

PC Mode W/B (Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

Green Gain

Green Gain

0

~ 255

128

PC Mode W/B (Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

Blue Gain

Blue Gain

0

~ 255

127

PC Mode W/B (Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4

Red Offset

Red Offset

0

~

63

40

PC Mode W/B (Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

Green Offset

Green Offset

0

~

63

32

PC Mode W/B (Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6

Blue Offset

Blue Offset

0

~

63

39

PC Mode W/B (Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4-1-3(G) CXA2101Q-1

No

OSD

Item

 

Range

Default

Description

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

Sub Bright

Sub Bright

0

~

63

51

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

Limit Level

Limit Level

0

~

3

0

Limits the input level (Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

System

System

0

~

3

1

480p, 720p, 1080i

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4

D-Color

D-Color

0

~

2

1

Dynamic Color

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

R Drive

R Drive

0

~

63

32

DTV W/B (Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6

G Drive

G Drive

0

~

63

32

DTV W/B (Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7

B Drive

B Drive

0

~

63

32

DTV W/B (Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

8

R CutOff

R CutOff

0

~

63

32

DTV W/B (Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

9

G CutOff

G CutOff

0

~

63

32

DTV W/B (Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10

B CutOff

B CutOff

0

~

63

32

DTV W/B (Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

11

ABL Mode

ABL Mode

0

~

3

0

ABL Mode Setting

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12

ABL TH

ABL-TH

0

~

3

0

Voltage

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

13

H Sep Sel.

H Sep Sel.

 

0, 1

 

0

H-Sync, Seperation System

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

14

Fix Sync.

Fix Sync.

0

~

3

0

0 : Auto

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

15

V Time Con

V Time Constant

0

~

3

1

Set the time constant for V-Sync Seperation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

16

H Width

H Width

0

~

3

1

H-Sync Width Adjustment

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

17

HHD timi Con

H timi Constant

 

0, 1

 

0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4-4

Samsung Electronics

Alignment and Adjustments

4-1-3(H) CXA2101QQ-2

No

OSD

Item

 

Range

Default

Description

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

HS Mask

HS Mask

 

0, 1

 

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

Sub Cont

Sub Contrast

0

~

15

7

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

Sub Color

Sub Color

0

~

15

5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4

Sub Hue

Sub Hue

0

~

15

8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

Sub SHP

Sub SHP

0

~

4

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6

R-Y/R

R-Y/R

0

~

15

13

13 (PAL), 5(NT)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7

R-Y/B

R-Y/B

0

~

15

15

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

8

G-Y/R

G-Y/R

0

~

15

8

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

9

G-Y/B

G-Y/B

0

~

15

4

4 (PAL), 8 (NT)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10

PABL Level

PABL Level

0

~

15

8

Peak ABL

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

11

SHP FO

SHP FO

0

~

4

2

Sharpness FO Selection

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12

Pre/over

Pre/over

0

~

3

3

0=Pre. : Over=1:1.3 3=3:1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

13

CTI Level

CTI Level

0

~

3

1

C Transition Level

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

14

LTI Level

LTI Level

0

~

3

0

Y Transition Level

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

15

DC-Tran

DC-Tran

0

~

3

1

Y DC Transmission Rate

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

16

D-Pic

D-Pic

0

~

3

1

Dynamic Picture

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4-1-3(I) PINP CONTROL

No

 

OSD

 

Item

 

Range

Default

Description

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

PIP HPos

PIP HPos

0

~

63

6

PinP Horizontal Position

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

PIP VPos

PIP VPos

0

~

63

13

PinP Vertical Position

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

Bright YUV

Bright YUV

0

~ 255

195

Comp. Bright. Level (Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4

Cont YUV

Cont YUV

0

~

63

27

Comp. Bright. Level (Fixed)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

Luma Delay

Luma Delay

 

0

 

0

Y/C Delay

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6

3230

Bright

3230

Bright

0

~

63

40

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7

3230

Contrast

3230

Contrast

0

~

63

38

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Samsung Electronics

4-5

Alignment and Adjustments

4-1-3(J) OSD POSITION

No

OSD

Item

 

Range

Default

 

Description

1

Horiz

Horiz(Left, Right)

8

~ 104

104

Move 8 by 8

(Total : 12 Step), Fixed

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

Vert

Vert(Up, Down)

8

~ 40

40

Move 8 by 8

(Total : 4 Step), Fixed

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4-1-3(K) TEST PATTERN

No

OSD

 

Range

Default

Description

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

Pseudo Color Bar

0

~

15

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

Luma Ramp

0

~

15

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

White 16

0

~

15

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4

White 90

0

~

7

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

White 240

0

~

15

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6

Red

0

~

15

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7

Green

0

~

3

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

8

Blue

 

0, 1

 

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4-1-3(L) OPTION TABLE

No

ITEM

Default

Description

 

 

 

 

1

Rear Jack

Scart

Scart <--> RCA

 

 

 

 

2

Blue Screen

30

0 → 5 → 10 → 15 → 20 → 25 → 30 → 0

 

 

 

 

3

Picture Size-Aspect

Last Memory

Wide <--> Last Memory

 

 

 

 

4

Frame Lock

On

On <--> Off

 

 

 

 

5

Remocon Pin

01

00 ~ 99

 

 

 

 

6

Pivot

On

On <--> Off

 

 

 

 

7

Panel Life Time

-

Indicate total elapsed time

 

 

 

 

4-6

Samsung Electronics

Alignment and Adjustments

4-1-4 White Balance Adjust Method

1.Press MUTE-1-8-2-POWER to enter the factory mode.

2.Enter PW364A.

3.Adjust LOW coordinates as R, G, OFFSET and HIGH coordinates as R, G, GAIN.(Blue is fixed)

4.Adjust LOW light as Center Offset.

5.Adjust HIGH light as Gain Max.

6.Adjust fine as B-Offset and B-Gain.

-W/B Adjustment SPEC(Suwon Factory Toshiba PATTERN)

VIDEO MODE

 

Adjustment

Coordinates

Adjustment

 

 

Coordinates

Value

Deviation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

x : 282

± : 3

 

 

H-LIGHT

y : 296

± : 3

 

 

 

Y : 24.5[f\]

± : 1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

x : 282

± : 5

 

 

L-LIGHT

y : 296

± : 5

 

 

 

Y : 0.95[f\]

± : 0.1

 

 

 

 

 

 

PC MODE

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Adjustment

Coordinates

Adjustment

 

 

Coordinates

Value

Deviation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

x : 282

± : 3

 

 

H-LIGHT

y : 296

± : 3

 

 

 

Y : 15[f\]

± : 1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

x : 282

± : 5

 

 

L-LIGHT

y : 296

± : 5

 

 

 

Y : 0.33[f\]

± : 0.05

 

 

 

 

 

 

Samsung Electronics

4-7

8-4

Electronics Samsung

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

PCSPK4215M

Adjustmentsand Alignment

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NO

HRes

VRes

HFreqSes

VTotal

H_P

V_P

Dot_c

HS1Period

HFreqSec

fO(Hz)

CLOCK/

Factory

USER

PHASE

HP/VP/P

V-Position

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

720

400

31.777

449

0

1

28.232

31.777u/10.1n=3146.2

/99=31.777

70.1

125/22/0/0

125/22/0/0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2

640

350

31.777

449

1

0

25.175

31.777u/10.1n=3146.2

/99=31.777

70.0

125/16/0/0

125/16/0/0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3

640

480

23.111

509

0

0

36.0

=2288.21

=23.111

85

125/8/0/1

125/8/0/1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4

640

480

26.667

500

0

0

31.5

=2640.29

=26.666

75

124/31/0/0

124/31/0/0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

640

480

26.413

520

0

0

31.5

=2615.14

=26.414

72.8

125/31/0/0

125/31/0/0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6

640

480

31.777

525

0

0

25.175

=3146.23

=31.777

59.9

125/2/0/0

125/2/0/0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

7

800

600

18.631

631

1

1

56.25

=1844.65

=18.626

85.1

125/9/1/2

125/9/1/2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

8

800

600

21.333

625

1

1

49.5

=2112.17

=21.333

75

125/0/0/1

125/0/0/1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

9

800

600

20.800

666

1

1

50.0

=2059.4

=20.797

72.2

125/31/0/2

125/31/0/2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10

800

600

26.400

628

1

1

40.0

=2613.86

=26.393

60.3

125/15/0/1

125/15/0/1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

11

800

600

28.444

625

 

 

36.0

=2816.23

=28.444

56.3

126/1/0/1

126/1/0/1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

12

1024

768

14.561

808

1

1

94.5

=1441.68

=14.555

85

126/14/2/3

126/14/2/3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

13

1024

768

16.660

800

1

1

78.75

=1649.50

=16.656

75

125/20/1/3

125/20/1/3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

14

1024

768

17.707

806

0

0

75.000

=1753.16

=17.707

70.1

125/21/1/3

125/21/1/3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

15

1024

768

20.677

806

0

0

65.000

=2047.22

=20.676

60

125/16/1/2

125/16/1/2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Alignment and Adjustments

4-3 Discharge Voltage Adjustment Method (Monitor) in Times of ASS’Y Repair and Replacement

-All VR (Variable Resistor), except for VR for Vs, voltage goes down when turned counterclockwise.

Vsc and Vy Adjustment Method

Y- Main

Vs and Va Adjustment Method

Vsc is the voltage of the left terminal for D5207

Voltage adjustment is made for Vsc by using VR5201

Standard voltage for Vsc is –55V±10V

Vy is the voltage of the right terminal for D5207

Voltage adjustment is made for Vy by using VR5200

Standard voltage for Vy is 132V±10V

Vs is the voltage of the no.11 PIN of SX Connector.

Voltage adjustment is made for Vs by using VR in 7

Vs is 175±5V

Va is the voltage of the no.7 PIN of SX Connector.

Voltage adjustment is made for Va by using right VR in 6

Va is 75±5V

Samsung Electronics

4-9

Alignment and Adjustments

Vw Adjustment Method

Vw is the voltage of the right terminal

for R4414

Voltage adjustment is made for Vw by

using VR4400

Standard voltage for Vw is 175V±5V

4-10

Samsung Electronics

Alignment and Adjustments

4-4 Fault Finding Using MULTI METER

Parts defects can be found for DIODE TRANSISTOR IC, using MULTI TEST including

Forward/Reverse direction Multi Test. Of course, in case resistance of several ohms and COIL are connected in parallel circuit, the lock out circuit parallel connected to part must be severed.

1.DIODE

+

-

+

-

 

Forward Direction

Reverse Direction

 

 

 

Between Anode and Cathode

Hundreds of ohms

Infinity

 

 

 

2.TRANSISTOR

For NPN(KSC815-Y, 2SC2068, 2SC2331-Y)

 

 

 

C (COLLECTOR)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

B(BASE)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

E (EMITTER)

E

 

B

C

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Forward Direction

Reverse Direction

Between B and E

Hundreds of ohms

 

 

 

Infinity

 

 

Between B and C

Hundreds of ohms

 

 

 

Infinity

 

 

Between E and C

Infinity

 

 

 

Infinity

 

 

For PNP(KSA539-Y)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

C (COLLECTOR)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

B(BASE)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

E (EMITTER)

E

 

B

C

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Forward Direction

Reverse Direction

Between B and E

Hundreds of ohms

 

 

 

Infinity

 

 

Between B and C

Hundreds of ohms

 

 

 

Infinity

 

 

Between E and C

Infinity

 

 

 

Infinity

 

 

Samsung Electronics

4-11

Alignment and Adjustments

3. IC (INTEGRATED CIRCUIT)

IC has built in DIODE against overvoltage in PIN. Generally, except for internal circuit defects, IC defects can be found, by measuring the DIODE.

Forward Direction

Hundreds of ohms

Reverse Direction

Varying depending on IC but generally normal

Infinity in DIODE TEST MODE

 

Defects have SHORT(0 ohm) for both forward and reverse direction.

4-12

Samsung Electronics

Circuit Operation Description

5. Circuit Description

5-1 Power supply

5-1-1 Outline(PDP SMPS)

Considering various related conditions, the switching regulator with good efficiency and allowing for its small size and lightweight was used as the power supply for PDP. Most of the power supply components used forward converter, and Vsamp and Vsb used simple flyback converter.

To comply with the international harmonics standards and improve the power factor, active PFC (Power Factor Correction) was used to rectify AC input into +400V DC output, which in turns used as input to the switching regulator.

5-1-2 42"SD SMPS SPECIFICATION

5-1-2(A) INPUT

PDP-42PS board is designed so that input power can be used within AC 90 VAC to 264 VAC with 50/60Hz ± 3Hz.

5-1-2(B) OUTPUT

PDP-42PS board provides 13 output switching power supplies for PDP 50inch (+165Vs, +220Set, +185Ve, +75Va, +80Scan, +18Vg, +5Vsb, +5V(D), +5V(A), +12V. +9V, +12Vfan, and +12Vsamp). The output voltage, and current requirements for continuous operation are stated below (Table 3).

Table1. Specifications of Output Power Supplies for PDP SMPS

Output Name

Output Voltage

Output Current

Using in PDP driving

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Vs

+165V

1.4A

Sustain Voltage of Drive Board

 

 

 

 

Va

+75V

0.5A

Address Voltage of Drive Board

 

 

 

 

Vscan

+80V

0.05A

 

 

 

 

 

Vset

+220V

0.05A

 

 

 

 

 

Ve

+185V

0.05A

 

 

 

 

 

Vg

+18.3V

0.3A

 

 

 

 

 

Vfan

+12V

0.8A

 

 

 

 

 

V9

+9V

0.3A

 

 

 

 

 

V5(A)

+5V

1.0A

Analog IC Drive Voltage of Video Board

 

 

 

 

V5(D)

+5.3V

3.5A

IC Drive Voltage of Logic Board

 

 

 

 

Vsb

+5V

0.4

Stand-by for Remote Control

 

 

 

 

V12

+12V

1.2A

 

 

 

 

 

Vsamp

+12V

1.5A

 

 

 

 

 

Samsung Electronics

5-1

Circuit Operation Description

Table 2. Specifications to Protect PDP SMPS

Division

OCP Current

OVP Voltage

Short Circuit

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Vs

5A

195V

O.K

 

 

 

 

Va

2A

90V

O.K

 

 

 

 

+5V

10A

6.2V

O.K

 

 

 

 

5-1-2(C) FUNCTION OF BOARD

(1)Remote control

Using 250V/ 10A relay, the board makes remote control available.

(2)Free voltage

The board designed so that input voltage can be used within 90 VAC to 264VAC.

(3)Embedded thermal sensor

The board is equipped with thermal sensor to detect the internal temperature of the unit, and to short relay when the internal temperature is higher than specified temperature so as to shutdown the unit.

(4)Improvement of power factor

The board is designed using PFC circuit so that PF (Power Factor) can be over 0.95, because low PF can be a problem in high voltage power.

(5)Protection

The OCP (Over Current Protection), the OVP (Over voltage Protection), and the Short Circuit Protection functions are added against system malfunction.

5-2

Samsung Electronics

Samsung PS42P2SDXXEC Schematic

Circuit Operation Description

5-1-2(D) PDP-PS-42 BLOCK DIAGRAM

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Samsung Electronics

5-3

Circuit Operation Description

(1)AC-DC Converter

PDP-42PS outputs +400V DC from the common AC power supply using the active PFC booster converter. This converter is designed for improving the power factor and preventing the noise with high frequency and finally becomes the input power system for the switching regulator on the output side.

(2)Auxiliary Power Supply

The auxiliary power supply is a block generating power of •Ï-com for remote controlling. Once the power plug is inserted, this block always comes into operation, causing •Ï-com to get into the standby state for the output. Thus, this output is called the stand-by voltage. And with the relay ON signal inputted through the remote controller, this block turns the mechanical switch of relay to ON for driving the main power supply.

(3)Implementation of Sustain Voltage

As the main part of a SMPS for PDP, sustain voltage must supply a high power, +165V/ 1.4A. It is designed using forward converter basically. At the output stage two 90V converters are connected serially for high efficiency and reduction of system size against a single 180V converter.

(4)Implementation of Small Power Output (Va, V(D), V(A), Vfan, V9, Vsamp, Ve, Vset, Vscan, V12, and Vg)Vset, Ve, and Vscan used DC-DC module. V(D), Va, V12, and Vfan used forward converter, and Vsamp used flyback converter. V(A), V9, and Vg are simply implemented using switching regulator.

5-1-3 Requirements of PDP SMPS

Since SMPS does not operate alone, but it operates with the load of the whole system, it should be designed carefully considering the load of the system. In addition, it should be designed considering emerging issues such as EMC, and protection against heat as well as system stability especially.

5-1-3(A) SAFETY AND REMOTE CONTROL CAPABILITY

Stability is one of the most important requirements for SMPS. SMPS should be designed to prevent abnormal status due to abnormal load variation so as to keep the system stable, and guarantee customer safety.

The protection circuits of SMPS include over-current protection (OCP), over voltage protection (OVP), and under voltage lock-out (UVLO), and short circuit protection circuit. Although each circuit can be implemented by various procedures, the most popular is implementing with comparator that compares current value with that of standard and determine abnormality of the circuit.

In addition, surge current protection, insulation management, and static electricity protection circuit should be added, because it uses commercial power source as an input.

PDP SMPS should be designed using auxiliary power and relay to provide remote control capability.

5-4

Samsung Electronics

Circuit Operation Description

5-1-3(B) THE RELATION BETWEEN POWER CONSUMPTION AND POWER CONVERSION Efficiency

The power consumption and the power conversion efficiency of SMPS affect protection against heat and system operation much.

[ If the power conversion efficiency of 100W SMPS is 70%, is the power loss of internal circuit 30W? ] Output power consumption Po is determined by the multiplication of DC output voltage Vo and output current Io. Input power consumption Pi is determined by the addition of output power consumption Po and internal power loss of SMPS Pl.

Provided that the power conversion efficiency is _,

If the power conversion efficiency of 100W SMPS is 70%, the internal power loss is about 42.8W by Equation (1). If the power conversion efficiency of 400W SMPS for 42"SD is 82%, the internal power loss is 87.8W by Equation (1). Table 4 shows internal power loss as a function of output power for various power conversion efficiencies.

 

200

 

 

 

 

 

 

η=50%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

180

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

η=60%

 

 

 

 

 

 

160

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

140

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

η=70%

 

 

 

 

120

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Internal

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Power

100

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loss ( W)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

80

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

η= 80%

 

 

 

 

60

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

40

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

η=90%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

20

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

120

140

160

180

200

220

240

260

280

300

Direct Current Output Power (W)

Table 4. Power Conversion Efficiency vs. Internal Power Loss

Samsung Electronics

5-5

Circuit Operation Description

5-1-3(C) PFC (Power Factor Correction) Circuit Descriptions

The current electric devices use DC power supply and require a rectifier circuit converting AC into DC. As most rectifier circuits apply a capacitor input type, the rectifier circuit becomes the core of the occurrence of harmonics with lower reverse rate.If various electronic and electric devices are connected to a power system, high-frequency current will occur due to a power rectifier circuit, a phase control circuit with power input current of non-sine wave, or components with non-linear load characteristics, such as capacitor, inductor, etc. As the result, the disturbance of voltage occurs, and finally a power capacitor or a transformer generates heat, fire or noise occurs, controls malfunction, or the accessed devices abnormally operate or their lives are shortened.To prevent those symptoms, IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) regulated standards for Power Supply Harmonics.

(Refer to IEC 1000-3-2.)Figure 8 shows the basic structure of Active Boost PFC and waveforms.

Standards for Power Supply Harmonics

Scale: Devices accessed to 220V/380V, 230V/400V, 240V/425V and lower than 16A (IEC 100-3-2) Devices with AC 230V and lower than 16A (IEC 555-2)

Applied Classes :

Class A : Devices not included in another class

Class B : Portable tools

Class C : Lighting devices

Class D : Devices with special current waveforms

Application Schedule : Except the devices less than rating input of 75W (1996~1999) Except the devices less than rating input of 50W (2000 and after)

5-6

Samsung Electronics

Circuit Operation Description

The architecture and the pulse of active boost PFC

5-1-3(D) CONCLUSION

Although SMPS (Switching Mode Power Supply) enables small lightweight high-power consumption power design, it is hard to be used when stability and precise control are required. Power stage for PDP can be designed using the lightweight SMPS feature. It is important to design SMPS considering system load, stability, and related international standards.

Samsung Electronics

5-7

Circuit Operation Description

5-2 Driver Circuit

5-2-1 Driver Circuit Overview

5-2-1(A) WHAT IS THE DEFINITION OF DRIVE CIRCUIT?

It is a circuit generating an appropriate pulse (High voltage pulse) and then driving the panel to implement images in the external terminals (X electrode group, Y electrode group and address electrode), and this high voltage switching pulse is generated by a combination of MOSFET’s.

5-2-1(B) PANEL DRIVING PRINCIPLES

In PDP, images are implemented by impressing voltage on the X electrode, Y electrode and address electrode, components of each pixel on the panel, under appropriate conditions. Currently, ADS (Address & Display Separate: Driving is made by separating address and sustaining sections) is most widely used to generate the drive pulse. Discharges conducted within PDP pixels using this method can largely be classified into 3 types, as follows:

(1)Address discharge : This functions to generate wall voltage within pixels to be lighted by addressing information to them (i.e., impressing data voltage)

(2)Sustain discharge : This means a display section where only pixels with wall voltage by the address discharge display self-sustaining discharge by the support of such wall voltage. (Optic outputs realizing images are generated.)

(3)Erase discharge : To have address discharge occur selectively in pixels, all pixels in the panel must have the same conditions (i.e., the same state of wall and space electric discharges). The ramp reset discharge section, therefore, is important to secure the drive margin, and methods most widely used to date include wall voltage controlling by ramp pulse.

5-8

Samsung Electronics

Circuit Operation Description

5-2-1(C) TYPES AND DETAILED EXPLANATION OF DRIVE DISCHARGES

(1 ) Sustaining discharge

Sustaining discharge means a self-sustaining discharge generated by the total of the sustaining pulse voltage (usually, 160~170V) alternately given to X and Y electrodes during the sustaining period and the wall voltage that varies depending upon pixels' previous discharge status. It is operated by the memory function (through this, the current status is defined by previous operation conditions) AC PDP basically possesses. That is, when there is existing wall voltage in pixels (in other words, when pixels remain ON), the total of wall voltage and a sustaining voltage to be impressed subsequently impresses a voltage equal to or above the discharge start voltage, thereby generating discharge again, but when there is no existing wall voltage in pixels (in other words, when pixels remain OFF), the sustaining voltage only does not reach the discharge start voltage, thus causing no discharge. The sustaining discharge is a section generating actual optic outputs used in displaying images.

(2)Address discharge

This means a discharge type generated by the difference between positive voltage of the address electrode (normally 70~75V determined by supplied Va voltage + positive wall charge) and the negative potential of Y electrode (supplied GND level voltage + negative wall charge). The address discharge serves to generate wall voltage in pixels where images are to be displayed (that is, discharge is to be generated) prior to the sustaining discharge section. Namely, pixels with wall voltage by the address discharge will generate sustaining discharge by the following sustaining pulses.

(3)Erase discharge

The purpose of resetting or erase discharge is to make even wall voltage in all pixels on the panel. Wall voltage, which may vary depending upon the previous sustaining discharge status, must be made even. That is, wall voltage generated by the sustaining discharge must surely be removed, by making discharges and then supplying ions or electrons. Wall voltage can be removed by making discharges and then setting a limitation on time for opposite polarity charging of the wall voltage or generating weak discharge (Low voltage erasing) to supply an appropriate quantity of ions or electrons and keep polarities from being charged oppositely. The weak discharge (Low voltage erasing) methods, which have been known to date, can largely be into two types: 1) the log pulse adopted by most companies including F Company, and 2) the ramp pulse adopted by Matsushita. In both two methods, impression is made with a slow rising slope of the erasing pulse. Because the total of the existing wall voltage and a voltage on the rising pulse must be at least the drive start voltage to generate discharges, external impressed voltage is adjusted based on the difference in wall voltage between pixels. And, weak discharge is generated because of a small impressed voltage.

Samsung Electronics

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