HP Officejet Enterprise Color X555, Officejet Enterprise Color MFP X585 Repair Manual and Troubleshooting Manual

O cejet Enterprise Color X555

O cejet Enterprise Color MFP X585

Troubleshooting Manual

www.hp.com/support/ojcolorX555

www.hp.com/support/ojcolorMFPX585

HP Officejet Enterprise Color X555 and MFP

X585 Series

Troubleshooting Manual

Copyright and License

© 2014 Copyright Hewlett-Packard

Development Company, L.P.

Reproduction, adaptation, or translation without prior written permission is prohibited, except as allowed under the copyright laws.

The information contained herein is subject to change without notice.

The only warranties for HP products and services are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty. HP shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein.

Edition 1, 4/2014

Trademark Credits

Microsoft®, Windows®, Windows® XP, and Windows Vista® are U.S. registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.

Conventions used in this guide

TIP: Tips provide helpful hints or shortcuts.

NOTE: Notes provide important information to explain a concept or to complete a task.

CAUTION: Cautions indicate procedures that you should follow to avoid losing data or damaging the product.

WARNING! Warnings alert you to specific procedures that you should follow to avoid personal injury, catastrophic loss of data, or extensive damage to the product.

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Conventions used in this guide

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Table of contents

1 Theory of operation .......................................................................................................................................	1
Basic operation ......................................................................................................................................................	2
Function structure ...............................................................................................................................	2
Operation sequence ............................................................................................................................	4
System control .......................................................................................................................................................	7
Formatter and data path .....................................................................................................................	7
Engine control .....................................................................................................................................	8
Pen interface (I/F) ..............................................................................................................................	10
Power supply .....................................................................................................................................	10
Print subsystem ...................................................................................................................................................	12
Printbar ..............................................................................................................................................	13
Printbar lift ........................................................................................................................................	14
Ink cartridges .....................................................................................................................................	15
Optical scan carriage .........................................................................................................................	15
Print system operational states .......................................................................................................	15
Paper-handling system .......................................................................................................................................	17
Input trays .........................................................................................................................................	24
Paper path zones ..............................................................................................................................	24
Servicing system ..................................................................................................................................................	28
Service sled .......................................................................................................................................	30
Aerosol management system .............................................................................................................................	31
Document feeder (X585 models) ........................................................................................................................	33
Document feeder operation ..............................................................................................................	33
Document feeder paper path and sensors .......................................................................................	33
Document feeder jam detection .......................................................................................................	34
Scanner system (X585 models) ..........................................................................................................................	35
Scanner power-on sequence of events ............................................................................................	35
Copy or scan-to-computer sequence of events ...............................................................................	36
Fax functions and operation (X585 models) .......................................................................................................	37
Computer and network security features ........................................................................................	37
PSTN operation .................................................................................................................................	37
The fax subsystem ............................................................................................................................	37

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Fax card in the fax subsystem .................................................................................................	......... 37
Fax page storage in flash memory ...................................................................................................	39
2 Solve problems ...........................................................................................................................................	41
Problem-solving checklist ...................................................................................................................................	42
Step 1: Check that the product power is on ......................................................................................	42
Step 2: Check the control panel for error messages ........................................................................	42
Step 3: Test print functionality .........................................................................................................	43
Step 4: Test copy functionality .........................................................................................................	43
Step 5: Test the fax sending functionality ........................................................................................	43
Step 6: Test the fax receiving functionality ......................................................................................	43
Step 7: Try sending a print job from a computer ..............................................................................	43
Step 8: Test the Plug and Print USB Drive printing functionality .....................................................	44
Factors that affect product performance .........................................................................................	44
Troubleshooting process ....................................................................................................................................	45
Determine the problem source .........................................................................................................	45
Power subsystem ..............................................................................................................................	46
Scanning subsystem (X585) .............................................................................................................	47
Control panel checks .........................................................................................................................	47
Tools for troubleshooting ...................................................................................................................................	57
Print the configuration page .............................................................................................................	57
Event log messages ..........................................................................................................................	59
Error messages .................................................................................................................................	60
Individual component diagnostics ..................................................................................................	149
Diagrams .........................................................................................................................................	154
Print-quality troubleshooting tools ...............................................................................................	156
Preboot menu options ....................................................................................................................	164
Control-panel menus ........................................................................................................................................	172
Administration menu ......................................................................................................................	172
Device Maintenance menu ..............................................................................................................	233
Solve image quality problems ..........................................................................................................................	236
Clean ink smears .............................................................................................................................	236
Recover the printhead ....................................................................................................................	236
Solve paper jam or feed problems ....................................................................................................................	237
Product does not pick up paper or misfeeds ..................................................................................	237
Clear jams ........................................................................................................................................	238
Solve performance problems ............................................................................................................................	254
The product does not print .............................................................................................................	254
The product prints slowly ...............................................................................................................	254
Solve connectivity problems .............................................................................................................................	256
Solve USB direct-connect problems ...............................................................................................	256

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Solve network problems .................................................................................................................	256
Solve wireless network problems ..................................................................................................	257
Service mode functions .....................................................................................................................................	262
Service menu and Secondary service menu ...................................................................................	262
Product resets .................................................................................................................................	262
Solve fax problems ............................................................................................................................................	263
Fax reports ......................................................................................................................................	263
Possible fax issues ..........................................................................................................................	266
Product upgrades ..............................................................................................................................................	275
Appendix A Service and support ....................................................................................................................	277
Hewlett-Packard limited warranty statement .................................................................................................	278
UK, Ireland, and Malta .....................................................................................................................	279
Austria, Belgium, Germany, and Luxemburg ..................................................................................	279
Belgium, France, and Luxemburg ...................................................................................................	279
Italy ..................................................................................................................................................	281
Spain ................................................................................................................................................	281
Denmark ..........................................................................................................................................	281
Norway ............................................................................................................................................	281
Sweden ............................................................................................................................................	282
Portugal ...........................................................................................................................................	282
Greece and Cyprus ...........................................................................................................................	282
Hungary ...........................................................................................................................................	282
Czech Republic ................................................................................................................................	282
Slovakia ...........................................................................................................................................	283
Poland .............................................................................................................................................	283
Bulgaria ...........................................................................................................................................	283
Romania ..........................................................................................................................................	283
Belgium and The Netherlands ........................................................................................................	283
Finland .............................................................................................................................................	284
Slovenia ...........................................................................................................................................	284
Croatia .............................................................................................................................................	284
Latvia ...............................................................................................................................................	284
Lithuania ..........................................................................................................................................	284
Estonia .............................................................................................................................................	285
End User License Agreement ............................................................................................................................	286
OpenSSL .............................................................................................................................................................	288
Customer self-repair warranty service .............................................................................................................	289
Customer support ..............................................................................................................................................	290

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Appendix B Product specifications .................................................................................................................	291
Physical specifications (X555 models) .............................................................................................................	292
Physical specifications (X585 models) .............................................................................................................	292
Power consumption, electrical specifications, and acoustic emissions ..........................................................	292
Environmental specifications ............................................................................................................................	292
Appendix C Regulatory information ...............................................................................................................	293
FCC regulations ..................................................................................................................................................	294
Environmental product stewardship program .................................................................................................	295
Protecting the environment ...........................................................................................................	295
Ozone production ............................................................................................................................	295
Power consumption ........................................................................................................................	295
Paper use .........................................................................................................................................	295
Plastics ............................................................................................................................................	295
HP Officejet print supplies ..............................................................................................................	295
Return and recycling instructions ...................................................................................................	296
Paper ...............................................................................................................................................	297
Material restrictions ........................................................................................................................	297
Disposal of waste equipment by users ...........................................................................................	297
Electronic hardware recycling ........................................................................................................	298
Chemical substances .......................................................................................................................	298
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) ................................................................................................	298
EPEAT ..............................................................................................................................................	298
For more information ......................................................................................................................	298
Declaration of conformity (X555 models) ........................................................................................................	299
Declaration of conformity (X585dn model) ......................................................................................................	301
Declaration of conformity (X585f and X585z models) .....................................................................................	303
Certificate of volatility (X555 models) ..............................................................................................................	305
Certificate of volatility (X585 models) ..............................................................................................................	307
Safety statements .............................................................................................................................................	309
Canada - Industry Canada ICES-003 Compliance Statement .........................................................	309
VCCI statement (Japan) ...................................................................................................................	309
Power cord instructions ..................................................................................................................	309
Power cord statement (Japan) .......................................................................................................	309
EMC statement (China) ....................................................................................................................	309
EMC statement (Korea) ...................................................................................................................	309
EMI statement (Taiwan) ..................................................................................................................	310
GS statement (Germany) ................................................................................................................	311
Substances Table (China) ................................................................................................................	311
SEPA Ecolabel User Information (China) ........................................................................................	311
Restriction on Hazardous Substances statement (India) ..............................................................	312

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Restriction on Hazardous Substances statement (Turkey) ...........................................................	312
Restriction on Hazardous Substances statement (Ukraine) ..........................................................	312
Eurasian Conformity (Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia) ......................................................................	312
Additional statements for telecom (fax) products ...........................................................................................	313
EU Statement for Telecom Operation ............................................................................................	313
New Zealand Telecom Statements .................................................................................................	313
Additional FCC statement for telecom products (US) ....................................................................	313
Telephone Consumer Protection Act (US) ......................................................................................	314
Industry Canada CS-03 requirements ............................................................................................	314
Vietnam Telecom wired/wireless marking for ICTQC Type approved products ............................	315
Japan Telecom Mark .......................................................................................................................	315
Index ...........................................................................................................................................................	317

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List of tables

Table 1-1	Operation sequence .............................................................................................................................................	4
Table 1-2 Power supply module operating modes ............................................................................................................		11
Table 1-3	Printbar components .........................................................................................................................................	14
Table 1-4	Product sensors .................................................................................................................................................	20
Table 1-5 Paper-handling system motors .........................................................................................................................		23
Table 1-6 Paper path zones ...............................................................................................................................................		26
Table 1-7 Service sled components ...................................................................................................................................		30
Table 1-8 Aerosol management system components ......................................................................................................		32
Table 2-1	Troubleshooting flowchart ................................................................................................................................	45
Table 2-2 Control panel diagnostic functions ....................................................................................................................		47
Table 2-3 Important information on the configuration pages ..........................................................................................		59
Table 2-4 Heartbeat LED status .......................................................................................................................................		150
Table 2-5 Plug/jack locations (X555) ...............................................................................................................................		154
Table 2-6 Plug/jack locations (X585) ...............................................................................................................................		155
Table 2-7 Preboot menu options (1 of 6) .........................................................................................................................		165
Table 2-8 Preboot menu options (2 of 6) .........................................................................................................................		167
Table 2-9 Preboot menu options (3 of 6) .........................................................................................................................		168
Table 2-10 Preboot menu options (4 of 6) ......................................................................................................................		169
Table 2-11 Preboot menu options (5 of 6) ......................................................................................................................		169
Table 2-12 Preboot menu options (6 of 6) ......................................................................................................................		170
Table 2-13 Reports menu .................................................................................................................................................		172
Table 2-14 General Settings menu ..................................................................................................................................		174
Table 2-15 Copy Settings menu (X585) ...........................................................................................................................		179
Table 2-16 Scan/Digital Send Settings menu (X585) ......................................................................................................		185
Table 2-17 Fax Settings menu (X585) .............................................................................................................................		195
Table 2-18 General Print Settings menu .........................................................................................................................		207
Table 2-19 Print Options menu ........................................................................................................................................		210
Table 2-20 Display Settings menu ...................................................................................................................................		211
Table 2-21 Manage Supplies menu ..................................................................................................................................		213
Table 2-22 Manage Trays menu .......................................................................................................................................		217
Table 2-23 Network Settings menu .................................................................................................................................		219
Table 2-24	Jetdirect Menu ................................................................................................................................................	219

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Table 2-25 Troubleshooting menu ..................................................................................................................................		230
Table 2-26 Backup/Restore menu ...................................................................................................................................		233
Table 2-27	Calibrate/Cleaning menu ...............................................................................................................................	233
Table B-1	Physical specifications (X555 models), with ink cartridges ............................................................................	292
Table B-2	Physical specifications (X585 models), with ink cartridges ............................................................................	292
Table B-3	Operating-environment specifications ...........................................................................................................	292

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List of figures

Figure 1-1 Main components (X555 models) .......................................................................................................................		2
Figure 1-2 Main components (X585 models) .......................................................................................................................		3
Figure 1-3	System control ....................................................................................................................................................	7
Figure 1-4 Print subsystem components (X555 models) ..................................................................................................		12
Figure 1-5 Print subsystem components (X585 models) ..................................................................................................		13
Figure 1-6	Printbar components ........................................................................................................................................	14
Figure 1-7 Paper-handling system paper path (X555 models) .........................................................................................		17
Figure 1-8 Paper-handling system paper path (X585 models) .........................................................................................		18
Figure 1-9 Product sensors (X555 models) .......................................................................................................................		19
Figure 1-10 Product sensors (X585 models) .....................................................................................................................		20
Figure 1-11 Paper-handling-system motors (X555 models) ............................................................................................		22
Figure 1-12 Paper-handling-system motors (X585 models) ............................................................................................		23
Figure 1-13 Paper path zones (X555 models) ...................................................................................................................		25
Figure 1-14 Paper path zones (X585 models) ...................................................................................................................		26
Figure 1-15 Servicing system components (X555 models) ...............................................................................................		28
Figure 1-16 Servicing system components (X585 models) ...............................................................................................		29
Figure 1-17 Service sled components ................................................................................................................................		30
Figure 1-18 Aerosol management process ........................................................................................................................		31
Figure 1-19 Aerosol management system components ...................................................................................................		32
Figure 1-20 Document feeder paper path and sensors .....................................................................................................		34
Figure 2-1 Touchscreen blank, white, or dim (no image) ..................................................................................................		51
Figure 2-2 Touchscreen is slow to respond or requires multiple presses to respond ......................................................		52
Figure 2-3 Touchscreen has an unresponsive zone ..........................................................................................................		53
Figure 2-4 No control panel sound .....................................................................................................................................		54
Figure 2-5	Home button is unresponsive .....................................................................................................................	55
Figure 2-6 Hardware integration pocket (HIP) is not functioning (control panel functional) ...........................................		56
Figure 2-7	Configuration page ...........................................................................................................................................	57
Figure 2-8 HP embedded Jetdirect page ............................................................................................................................		58
Figure 2-9	LEDs .................................................................................................................................................................	149
Figure 2-10 Plug/jack locations (X555) ...........................................................................................................................		154
Figure 2-11 Plug/jack locations (X585) ...........................................................................................................................		155
Figure 2-12 Mark the web wipe ........................................................................................................................................		163

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Figure C-1	Certificate of volatility (X555 models) (1 of 2) ...............................................................................................	305
Figure C-2	Certificate of volatility (X555 models) (2 of 2) ...............................................................................................	306
Figure C-3	Certificate of volatility (X585 models) (1 of 2) ...............................................................................................	307
Figure C-4	Certificate of volatility (X585 models) (2 of 2) ...............................................................................................	308

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1 Theory of operation

●Basic operation

●System control

●Print subsystem

●Paper-handling system

●Servicing system

●Aerosol management system

●Document feeder (X585 models)

●Scanner system (X585 models)

●Fax functions and operation (X585 models)

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Basic operation

Function structure

The product consists of the following components.

Figure 1-1 Main components (X555 models)

Control panel

Output bin

Optical scan carriage

Printbar

Service sled

Main input tray (Tray 2)

Multipurpose tray

(Tray 1) Duplex module\ Waste ink module

Optional tray (Tray 3)

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Figure 1-2 Main components (X585 models)

Multipurpose tray (Tray 1)

Control panel

Document feeder

Scanner

Output bin

Optical scan carriage

Printbar

Service sled

Main input tray (Tray 2)

Duplex module\

Waste ink module

Optional tray (Tray 3)

The product contains the following systems:

●Engine control system

●Print subsystem

●Paper-handling system

●Servicing system

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●Aerosol management system

●Scanner and document feeder system (X585 models) Two elements influence the product architecture:

●Orienting the printbar with its active face downward and statically located above the print media. This requires the printbar to move vertically to access its active face.

●Producing face-down output. Rather than ejecting the page face-up immediately after the ink is applied, as many inkjet printers do, the printed page is routed up and back over the printbar to eject face-down.

Operation sequence

The engine-control system on the formatter PCA controls the operational sequences. The following table describes durations and operations for each period of a print operation from when the product is turned on to when the motors stop rotating.

Table 1-1 Operation sequence

Period	Duration	Purpose
Initial startup and	When the product is set up for	This period gets the product ready to print for the first time.
calibrations	the first time from the factory.	●	The product flushes the shipping and handling fluid out of the
			printbar and replaces it with ink.
		●	Die alignment—The product aligns the 10 die on the printbar
			active face.
		●	Die density leveling—The product measures and compensates
			for the drop variation.
Servicing operations	When the printbar is entering	Servicing maintains the print quality by ensuring debris and excess
	the capping state after printing,	ink are removed and missing nozzles are replaced.
	when leaving capping state after	●	Nozzle presence detection—The optical scan carriage detects
	a print job is initiated, or during
	extended print jobs.		and disables inoperable nozzles, and replaces them with
			operable nozzles.
		●	Printbar servicing—The web wipe on the service sled moves
			under the printbar to clean the active face and fire the nozzles
			into the waste ink module to clear clogs.

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Table 1-1 Operation sequence (continued)

Period	Duration	Purpose
Print preparation	From the time the product	Prepares the product for a print job.
	receives a print command until	●	The printbar leaves the capping state as the service sled
	paper enters the print zone.
			moves away from the printbar.
		●	If needed, some servicing occurs.
		●	The printbar lowers to the printing position. The media type
			and printing mode determine the print zone height.
		●	The product picks media from one of the input trays.
		●	Every page from Tray 1 is scanned. For Tray 2 and optional
			Tray 3, the product performs media edge detection after
			printing the first sheet after the main or optional tray is
			loaded. The last sheet of each job is also scanned if at least
			five sheets have been printed.
		●	The product monitors environmental conditions. The product
			can decrease the print speed if conditions are significantly
			different from a normal office environment (23 degrees C (73
			degrees F), 50% relative humidity).
		●	The formatter PCA processes print data and transmits the data
			to the printbar.
Printing	From the end of the preparation	Processes the print job.
	period until the last sheet is	●	As the page travels through the print zone, the printbar
	delivered.
			applies ink to the page.
		●	Simplex print job: the page moves up, over the printbar, and
			out to the output bin (face-down).
		●	Duplex print job: the page moves up until the trailing edge is
			40 mm past the star-wheel jam reflective sensor, then
			reverses direction down through the duplex path underneath
			the waste ink module, and then reenters the print zone where
			the printbar applies ink to the second side.
		●	The process continues until all the pages of the print job are
			completed. Occasional nozzle presence detection and
			servicing events might occur if the job includes many pages.

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Table 1-1 Operation sequence (continued)

Period

Duration

Purpose

End of print job	Performed after the print job is
	completed, and continues until
	the next job is initiated.

Puts the product in a state where it’s ready for the next print job.

●If needed, some servicing occurs.

●The printbar moves to the capping position after a short dwell interval.

●The service sled moves to cap the printbar.

Standby	The product is sitting idle,
	waiting for the next print job to
	be initiated.

Conserves energy while the product is sitting idle. Certain functions might be disabled to save power, then are restarted when needed. The product has three sleep modes:

●Idle mode—The printbar is capped and the product is ready to immediately start a new job

●Sleep1 mode—After the product is inactive for about 10 minutes, the control panel dims and the power LED blinks to indicate the unit is in Sleep1. All product functions are available. This setting can be adjusted from the control panel.

●Sleep2 mode—After the product is inactive for a longer period of time (typically 2 hours), the engine controller powers down to minimize power consumption. This setting can be adjusted from the control panel.

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System control

The system control coordinates all the other systems, according to commands from the formatter.

Figure 1-3 System control

I/O

Formatter

Datapath

Pen I/F

ASIC +memory

I/O, PDL, UI control

• Pen energy control

• Pen voltage

sequencing

Power supply

• Signal integrity

Printbar

• Ink-short protection

40,000 nozzles

Scanner/

• Printhead

Engine control

interconnects

document feeder

• Ink supply

Motor + sensor drive

(X585 models)

The system consists of the following major sections:

●Formatter

●Data path

●Engine control

●Pen interface

●Scanner/document feeder (X585 models)

●Power supply

The engine control electronics are located on the engine control board (ECB). The formatter PCA is a separate assembly. The fax module (X585 models) is attached to the formatter PCA.

Formatter and data path

The formatter controller ASIC controls the input/output (I/O) control, the user interface, and the rendering of page description language files into printer-specific commands.

Input/output (I/O) control

The products support 10/100 Ethernet, a rear USB host port, a rear USB device port, a control panel USB host port, and analog fax port (some X585 models). For Ethernet networks, the formatter PCA uses a separate integrated circuit (Broadcom 57761) to provide the physical network interface.

The formatter PCA also controls the USB device and USB host.

User interface

The products contain either a 4.2-in (X555 models) or an 8-in (X585 models) color graphics display. The control panels include a USB host port for connection to thumb drives.

Formatter digital ASIC

The formatter digital ASIC has an ARM CPÙ (792 MHz) that executes firmware code that provides high-level device control. The digital ASIC uses a standard PCle interface to pass data to the engine control ASIC. The

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formatter firmware is located on either a rotating hard disk drive (HDD) or, on some X555 models, a solid state drive (SSD).

Additionally, the formatter digital ASIC manages the real-time clock, interfaces to the mass storage controller ASIC, provides control of USB ports, and interfaces with the Ethernet LAN ASIC and fax module.

Formatter Ethernet ASIC

The formatter Ethernet ASIC connects to the formatter digital ASIC with a PCIe interface to transmit and receive network packets.

Formatter mass storage ASIC

The formatter mass storage ASIC bridges between the formatter digital ASIC (via PCIe interface) and the mass storage device (via SATA interface). Both HDD and SSD mass storage media are supported. The X585 models all use a rotating media HDD, while the X555 models use either HDD or SSD depending upon the bundle option.

Formatter memory

Formatter memory is installed on-board and there is no support for additional DIMM memory installation. The size of the memory on the formatter is fixed at 1 GB.

Real-time clock

The real-time clock (RTC) allows the fax module to time-stamp outgoing faxes. It also determines the elapsed time between printhead and ISS calibration events. The RTC uses a separate device connected to the formatter digital ASIC, along with a crystal and a battery.

Engine control

The engine controller digital ASIC receives high-level commands from the formatter, and then provides lowlevel control to the print mechanism. The engine controller digital ASIC and its firmware control motors, system sensors, and the printbar. The engine controller analog ASIC integrates motor drivers, voltage regulators, sensor interfaces, and supervisory circuits.

Engine controller digital ASIC

The engine controller digital ASIC has a high-performance 480 MHz ARM CPU and DSP co-processors that execute firmware code to provide low-level engine control. It also drives the printbar via 15 high-speed LVDS transmission lines, which are routed from the engine PCA to the printbar via two large FFC cables. The engine controller digital ASIC receives pre-rendered data from the formatter digital ASIC over a standard PCle interface.

In some product sleep modes, the digital ASIC powers down. If a print job is received while the product is in this mode, power resumes to the digital ASIC, which then must “boot up”. This can take approximately 15 seconds, which will delay the first page out (FPO) time accordingly. This sleep mode typically begins after two hours of product inactivity.

Engine controller analog ASIC

The engine uses two analog ASICs to generate the system voltages for the engine, drive the engine motors, control various engine sensors, and monitor printbar power delivery for correct operation.

The engine has seven motors, some of which are shared with other subsystems:

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●Pick motor

●Feed motor

●Duplex motor

●Lift motor

●Eject motor

●Sensor carriage motor

●Aerosol fan motor

Each one is a DC motor with encoder feedback, to provide precision servo control. These motors are driven directly by one of the engine analog ASICs. Small DC motors also are used to drive the ISS pump and the aerosol fan. Solenoids actuate the ejection flap and the ISS priming system.

The product uses many sensors to track the media as it travels through the paper path. Most of these are optical REDI sensors, which are used in conjunction with mirrors to sense the presence or absence of paper in a particular location. These are carefully aligned and calibrated at the factory, so care must be taken when servicing these sensors. See the Remove and Replace chapter in the repair manual for more details.

Other printed circuit-board assemblies (PCAs)

In addition to hosting the system ASICs, the engine PCA is home to many circuits needed to interface to sensors and other sub-system components. In some cases, this circuitry is located on a smaller remote PCA (SLB) to optimize cable interconnects.

●Humidity sensor—The humidity sensor causes the product to adjust printing speed if ambient conditions are outside the optimal humidity range. This sensor is calibrated at the factory to ensure maximum accuracy.

●Temperature sensor—The temperature sensor causes the product to adjust printing speed if ambient conditions are outside the optimal temperature range. In some products, this sensor resides on a separate, remote PCA.

●Main tray presence sensor—The hall-effect sensor that detects if the main tray is properly engaged resides on the back of the engine PCA. A small magnet on the back of the main tray actuates the sensor. If the tray is fully engaged, the magnetic field strength is sufficient to trigger the sensor.

Additionally, the product includes the following PCAs:

●Fax PCA—Governs the product fax module.

●Duplex module presence sensor—A hall-effect sensor that detects that the duplex module is properly seated.

●Power button PCA—Includes the power button and power LED, as well as interface cables to the duplex module presence sensor and the MP tray empty REDI sensor.

●Accessory tray interconnect PCA—Provides communication to optional Tray 3.

●Pick encoder distribution PCA—Includes the pick motor encoder and the pick motor interconnect cable.

●Eject encoder distribution PCA—Includes the eject motor encoder and the interconnect cables to the eject motor and the aerosol fan.

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●Print zone distribution PCA—Joins interconnect cables to the following sensors: separator REDI, feed motion encoder, main tray empty sensor, feed roller OOPs REDI sensor, and the starwheel jam REDI sensor.

●REDI distribution PCA—Includes hall-effect sensors that detect ink cartridge door and left door positions. It also combines the interconnect cables for the eject jam REDI sensor, the upper drying path REDI sensor, the lower drying path REDI sensor, and the eject flap opto flag sensor.

●Sensor carriage PCA—Includes a carriage motion encoder, a ZIM sensor, and the BDD sensor.

●Printbar lift encoder distribution PCA—This PCA includes the printbar lift motion encoder, and combines interconnect cables to the printbar lift motor, carriage motor, and eject flap solenoid.

●Duplex encoder PCA—Contains the motion encoder for the duplex motor.

●SHAID PCA —Contains interfaces to the out-of-ink sensors for the ink cartridges, and combines the interface cables to the acumen PCA, the ISS pump, and the ISS solenoids.

●Acumen PCA—Contains interfaces to the acumen memory devices for the ink cartridges.

Pen interface (I/F)

The printbar is the key component that differentiates this product from other inkjet printers. The conventional approach is to print a page in horizontal swaths by moving a “scanning” printhead horizontally over a fixed sheet of paper, advancing the paper a fixed amount, and then printing the next swath. With this product, the paper moves underneath a fixed page-wide printhead in a single smooth motion.

Single pass page-wide printing requires that data and power be delivered to the printbar at a very high rate, while also maintaining good control of paper position as it moves past the printhead nozzles.

The engine PCA sends power and data to the printbar via two large flat flexible cables (36 and 38 pins). The printbar PCA routes power and data to 10 printhead die, which are attached to the PCA using a flexible tab circuit and wire-bonding process.

Electronics control the ink supply station (ISS). The SHAID PCA detects low-ink conditions. It gauges ink levels by electrically sensing the presence of ink and/or ink foam in the X-chamber. The SHAID PCA also collects and distributes electrical signals that drive the push-prime pump(s), engage the solenoids, and read the ink supply acumen data. All are routed through a single 17-pin FFC from the SHAID PCA to the engine PCA.

Each ink supply has a memory tag that stores information about its type of ink, the amount of ink remaining, and other critical data. It uses a special authentication scheme to ensure that only genuine HP supplies are used and the product is not damaged by using invalid supplies. Acumen uses a two-line serial bus, which, along with 3.3 V and ground, is cabled via the SHAID PCA to the engine PCA and the engine control digital ASIC.

Power supply

The power supply module converts 100-240 VAC to 33 VCD and 5.1 VCD to power the system. The 33 V rail goes to the engine and the scanner/document feeder, and the 5.1 V rail is supplies power to the formatter. The power supply module has a sleep mode that reduces power consumption in system low-power modes.

The power supply module has four operating modes, depending on certain control signals, as outlined in the table below. The power supply has a power factor correction (PFC) circuit to improve efficiency when the system is in the active mode.

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Table 1-2 Power supply module operating modes

Mode	n33V_OFF input signal	nPFC_OFF input signal	PFC Status	33 V rail status	5.1 V rail status
OFF	Low	Low	Off	Off	On
Sleep 2	Low	Low	Off	Off	On
Sleep 1	High	Low	Off	On	On
Active	High	High	On	On	On

The power supply is a self-contained module that can be replaced if it is defective (see the Remove and Replace chapter of the Repair Manual).

To ensure safe operation, the power supply will “latch off” if a persistent over-current fault condition exists. This is typically caused by a short-circuit from 33 V or 5.1 V to ground in the product. Less severe faults also can cause the power supply to latch off, if present for an extended period of time, or if the product is operated above the recommended operating range.

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Print subsystem

The print subsystem includes the following components:

●Printbar

●Printbar lift

●Ink cartridges

●Optical scan carriage

Figure 1-4 Print subsystem components (X555 models)

Ink cartridges

Optical scan

carriage

Printbar lift

Printbar

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Figure 1-5 Print subsystem components (X585 models)

Ink cartridges

Optical scan

carriage

Printbar lift

Printbar

Printbar

The printbar converts the digital firing instructions from the product electronics into properly formed and timed microscopic drops of the four ink colors. The printbar spans the full width of a letter/A4-size sheet (216 mm (8.5 in)), which allows it to be statically positioned within the product and have the media move underneath it, printing the entire page in a single motion.

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Figure 1-6 Printbar components

1

4

3 2

Table 1-3 Printbar components

Item Description

1Ink cartridge connections

2Thermal inkjet (TIJ) die array

3Data/power flow and regulation

4Inkflow channels and pressure regulation

The printbar has a fixed array of 10 thermal inkjet (TIJ) die oriented in two staggered rows. Each die contains over one thousand nozzles for each of the four ink colors (black (K), cyan (C), magenta (M) and yellow (Y)). Behind the die array are the ink flow channels and pressure regulation mechanisms that supply the die array with ink at the proper pressure and flow. Onboard electronic circuitry feeds power and data to the die at the appropriate levels and rates. Four ink cartridge receptacles, one for each color, are located at the top of the printbar. Flow connections link these cartridges to the rest of the printbar to supply the ink necessary for its operation.

A sensor technology called back-scatter drop detect (BDD) monitors printbar health and calibrations. This system looks at the reflection of the miniscule drops in flight and passes these signals through proprietary, advanced high-speed, high-gain, bandpass filters. An artificial intelligence (AI) system decides which drop ejectors are currently in or out of specifications.

After the AI system determines which drop ejectors are out of specification, the product compensates for them. Some ejectors use neighboring nozzles and at times even tiny amounts of other inks – whichever combination of methods necessary to deliver the best print quality possible at that moment. Up to half of the nozzles can be “out” without a noticeable degradation in quality. The compensation is done in real time with a dedicated high-speed DSP. The system can scan portions of the system after print jobs, but it is fully interruptible by new incoming print jobs.

Printbar lift

The printbar lift positions the printbar within the product and moves it up and down as required. This vertical motion establishes proper spacing to the paper during printing. It also raises the printbar to access the active face or perform necessary calibrations.

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