Apple A1432, A1458, A1459, A1455, A1460 User Manual

Accessibility	24

Universal Access features

iPad incorporates numerous accessibility features, including:

	ÂÂ	VoiceOver screen reader	Confidential
	ÂÂ	Zoom magnification
	ÂÂ	Large Text
	ÂÂ	White on Black
	ÂÂ	Speak Selection
	ÂÂ	Speak Auto-text
	ÂÂ	Mono Audio and balance
	ÂÂ	AssistiveTouch
		Draft
	ÂÂ	Support for braille displays
	ÂÂ	Playback of closed-captioned con ent

Zoom, White on Black, and Mono Audio work with all apps. Large Text works with Mail and Notes. VoiceOver works with the built-in iP d pps, and with some th rd-party apps you can download from the App Store. Closed-c ptioning works with videos and podcasts that support it.

For more information about the iPad accessibility features, go to www.apple.com/accessibility.

You can turn individual accessibility features	r	ff in Accessibility settings	iPad.You can
also turn some features on or off in iTunes when y		u c nnect iPad to your computer.

Turn on accessibility features using iPad: Go to Settings > General > Accessibility.

Turn on accessibility features using iTunes: onnect iPad to your computer and select iPad in the iTunes device list. Click Summary, then click onfigure Universal Access at the bottom of the

AppleSummary screen.

About VoiceOv r

VoiceOver describes a oud what appears onscreen, so you can use iPad without seeing it.

VoiceOver tells you about each element on the screen as you select it. When you select an element, a black rectangle (the VoiceOver cursor) encloses it and VoiceOver speaks the name or describes the item.

Touch the screen or drag your fingers to hear different items on the screen.When you select text,

VoiceOver reads the text. If you turn on Speak Hints, VoiceOver may tell you the name of the item and provide instructions for you—for example,“double-tap to open.”To interact with items on the screen, such as buttons and links, use the gestures described in “Learning VoiceOver gestures” on page 110.

107

Chapter 24    Accessibility

When you go to a new screen, VoiceOver plays a sound and automatically selects and speaks the first element of the screen (typically, the item in the upper-left corner).VoiceOver also lets you know when the display changes to landscape or portrait orientation, and when the screen is locked or unlocked.

Note: VoiceOver speaks in the language specified in International settings, which may be influenced by the Region Format setting (Settings > General > International > Region Format).

VoiceOver is available in many languages, but not all.

Setting up VoiceOver

Important: VoiceOver changes the gestures you use to control iPad. Once VoiceOver is turned on, you must use VoiceOver gestures to operate iPad—even to turn VoiceOver off again to resume standard operation.

Note: You can’t use VoiceOver and Zoom at the same time.

Turn VoiceOver on or off: Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver. You c n lso set

Triple-click Home to turn VoiceOver on or off. See“Triple-click Home” on page 116.

	Turn spoken hints on or off	Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver. When Speak H n s
		is turned on, VoiceOver may tell you the action of the i em or provide
		ins ruc ions for you—for example,“double-tap to open.”You can also
		add Hin s o he ro or, then swipe up or down to adjust. S e “Usi g the
		VoiceOver ro or con rol” on page 111.
	Set the VoiceOver speaking rate	Go o Se ings > General > Accessibility > Voic Ov r and drag the Speaking
		R te slider. You can also add Speech Rate to the rotor, th n swipe up or
		down to djust. See “Using the Vo ceOver rotor control” on page 111.
	Change typing feedback	Go to Settings > General > Access b l ty > VoiceOver > Typing Feedback.
	Use phonetics in typing feedback	Go to Settings > Ge eral > Access b l ty > VoiceOver > Use Phonetics. Text
		is ead character-by-character.Voiceover first speaks the character, then its
		phonetic equivale t—for example,“f” and then “foxtrot.”
	Use pitch change	Go to Settings > Ge eral > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Use Pitch Change.
		VoiceOver uses higher pitch when entering a letter, and a lower pitch
	Draft
		when deleting a letter. V iceOver also uses a higher pitch when speaking
		the first item f a gr up (such as a list or table) and a lower pitch when
		speaking the last item of a group.
	Set the rotor options for	Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Rotor. Tap to select
	web browsing	or deselect options, or drag		up to reposition an item.
	Change VoiceOver pronunciation	S the rotor to Language and then swipe up or down. The Language rotor
		positionConfidentialis available when you select more than one pronunciation.
	Select the ronunciations	Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Language Rotor. To
	available in the anguage rotor	change the position of a language in the list, drag				up or down.
	Change the language for iPad	Go to Settings > General > International > Language. Some languages
		may be affected by the Region Format setting in Settings > General >
		International > Region Format.
	Skip images while navigating	Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Navigate Images.
		You can choose to skip all images or only those without descriptions.
	Speak notifications when you	Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Speak Notifications.
	unlock iPad	If this is off, iPad speaks only the time when you unlock it.
	Apple

108

Flick up or down with three fingers. Flick down to page down through the list or screen, or flick up to page up.When paging through a list,VoiceOver speaks the range of items displayed (for example,“showing rows 5 through 10”). You can also scroll continuously through a list, instead of paging through it. Double-tap and hold. When you hear a series of tones, you can move your finger up or down to scroll the list. Continuous scrolling stops when you lift your finger.

With a single finger, flick up to increase the setting or down to decrease the setting.

Triple-tap anywhere on the screen.

Using VoiceOver

Select items on the screen: Drag your finger over the screen.VoiceOver identifies each element as you touch it.You can move systematically from one element to the next by flicking left or right with a single finger. Elements are selected from left to right, top to bottom. Flick right to go to the next element, or flick left to go to the previous element.

Enable vertical navigation	Add Vertical Navigation to the rotor, use the rotor to select it, then swipe
	up or down to move to the item above or below. See “Using the VoiceOver
	rotor control” on page 111.
Select the first or last element	Flick up or down with four fingers.
on the screen
Unlock iPad	Select the Unlock button, then double-tap the screen.
Select an item by name	Triple-tap with two fingers anywhere on the screen to open the Item
	Chooser.Then type a name in the search field, or flick right or left to move
	through the list alphabetically, or tap the table index to the right of the ist
	and flick up or down to move quickly through the list of tems.
Change the name of a screen	Tap and hold with two fingers anywhere on the screen.
item so it’s easier to find

Speak the text of the selected element: Flick down or up with one finger to read he ext or previous word or character (twist the ro or con rol to choose characters or words). You can include the phonetic spelling. See “Setting up VoiceOver” on page 108.

	Stop speaking an item	Tap once wi h wo fingers.Tap again with two fing rs to r sume speaking.
		Spe king utomatically resumes wh n you s l ct anoth r item.
	Change the speaking volume	Use the volume buttons		Pa , or a volume to the rotor and swipe up
		nd down to adjust. See “Us ng the Vo ceOver rotor control” on page 111.
	Mute VoiceOver	Double-tap with three i gers. Double-tap again with three fingers to turn
		speaking back	.To turn	ly VoiceOver sounds, set the Side Switch to
		Mute. If an exter	keyboard is connected, you can also press the Control
		key n the keyb	ard to mute or u mute VoiceOver.
	Change the reading voice	Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Use Compact Voice.
	Draft
	Speak the entire screen from	Flick up with two fingers.
	the top
	Speak from the current item to	Flick down with two fingers.
	the bottom of the screen
	Speak the iPad status information	Tap the top of the screen to hear such information as the time, battery life,
		Confidential
	Apple

Wi-Fi signal strength, and more.

“Tap” the selected item when VoiceOver is on: Double-tap anywhere on the screen.

“Double-ta ” the selected item when VoiceOver is on

Adjust a slider

Scroll a list or area of the screen

Chapter 24    Accessibility

109

Use a list index	Some lists have an alphabetical index along the right side. The index can’t
	be selected by flicking between elements;you must touch the index
	directly to select it.With the index selected, flick up or down to move along
	the index.You can also double-tap, then slide your finger up or down.
Reorder a list	Some lists, such as Rotor and Language Rotor in Accessibility settings can
	be reordered. Select		on the right side of an item, double-tap and hold
	until you hear a sound, then drag up or down. VoiceOver speaks the item
	you’ve moved above or below, depending on the direction you’re dragging.
Rearrange the Home screen	On the Home screen, select the icon you want to move. Double-tap and
	hold the icon, then drag it. VoiceOver speaks the row and column position
	as you drag the icon. Release the icon when it’s in the location you want.
	You can drag additional icons. Drag an item to the left or right edge of the
	screen to move it to a different page of the Home screen.When you finish,
	press the Home button .
gestures before proc ding.	Confidential
Turn the screen curtain on or off	Triple-tap with three fingers.When the screen curtain is on, the screen
	contents are active even though the display is turned off.
Unlock iPad	Select the Unlock switch, then double-tap the screen.

Learning VoiceOver gestures

When VoiceOver is turned on, the standard touchscreen gestures have differe effec s.These and
Draft
some additional gestures let you move around he screen and control i dividual eleme ts when
they’re selected.VoiceOver gestures include woand three-fing	r g stur	s to tap or flick. For best
results when using twoand threeinger ges ures,relax and let your fing		rs touch the screen with
some space between them.
You can use standard gestu es when VoiceOver is turned on, by	ouble-tapping and holding your

finger on the screen. A se ies of tones indic tes that normal gestures are in force.They remain in effect until you lift your finger.Then VoiceOver gestures resume.

You can use different techniques to enter VoiceOver gestures. For example, you can enter a two-finger tap using two fingers from ne ha d, r e fi ger from each hand.You can also use your thumbs. Many find the“split-tap”gesture especially effective:instead of selecting an item and double-tapping, you can touch and h ld an item with one finger, then tap the screen with another finger.Try different techniques to disc ver which works best for you.

If your gestures don’t work, try quicker movements, especially for double-tapping and flicking Applegestures.To flick, try quickly brushing the screen with your finger or fingers.When VoiceOver is

turned on, the Voic Ov r Practice button appears, which gives you chance to practice VoiceOver

Practice gestures: Go to S ttings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver, then tap VoiceOver Practice.

When you finish racticing, tap Done.

If you don’t see the VoiceOver Practice button, make sure VoiceOver is turned on. Here’s a summary of key VoiceOver gestures:

Navigate and read

ÂÂ Tap: Speak item.

ÂÂ Flick right or left: Select the next or previous item.

ÂÂ Flick up or down: Depends on the Rotor Control setting. See “Using the VoiceOver rotor control” on page 111.

ÂÂ Two-finger tap: Stop speaking the current item.

ÂÂ Two-finger flick up: Read all from the top of the screen.

110	Chapter 24    Accessibility

ÂÂ Two-finger flick down: Read all from the current position.

ÂÂ Two-finger“scrub”: Move two fingers back and forth three times quickly (making a“z”) to dismiss an alert or go back to the previous screen.

ÂÂ Two-finger triple tap: Open the Item Chooser.

ÂÂ Three-finger flick up or down: Scroll one page at a time.

ÂÂ Three-finger flick right or left: Go to the next or previous page (such as the Home screen, Stocks, or Safari).

ÂÂ Three-finger tap: Speak additional information, such as position within a list or whether text is selected.

ÂÂ	Four-finger tap at top of screen: Select the first item on the page.
ÂÂ	Four-finger tap at bottom of screen: Select the last item on the page.
Activate		Confidential
ÂÂ	Double-tap: Activate the selected item.
ÂÂ	Triple-tap: Double-tap an item.
ÂÂ	Split-tap: An alternative to selecting an item and double-tapping is to touch an em w						h one
	finger, then tap the screen with another to activate an item.
ÂÂ	Touchanitemwithonefinger,tapthescreenwithanotherfinger(“split-tappi					g”): Ac iva e	he item.
	Draft				sture.
ÂÂ	Double-tap and hold (1 second) + s andard ges ure: Use a standard g
	The double-tap and hold gesture		ells iPad	o in erpret the subs qu	nt g sture as standard.
	For example, you can double- p		nd hold,	hen without lifting your fing		r, drag your finger to
	slide a switch.
ÂÂ	Two-finger double-tap: Pl y or p use in Music, Videos, YouTube, Vo ce Memos, or Photos.
	Take a photo (Came a). St t or p use recording in Camera or Vo ce Memos. Start or stop
	the stopwatch.
ÂÂ	Two-finger double-tap and hold: Open the eleme t labeler.
ÂÂ	Two-finger triple-tap: Open the Item Ch ser.
ÂÂ	Three-finger double-tap: Mute or unmute V iceOver.
ÂÂ	Three-finger triple-tap: Turn the screen curtain n r ff.

Using the VoiceOver rotor control

AppleThe rotor control is a virtual dial that you can use to change the results of up and down flick gestures when Voic Ov r is turn on.

Operate the rotor: Rotate two fing rs on the iPad screen around a point between them.

Change the options included in the rotor: Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Rotor and select the options you want to be available using the rotor.

The effect of the rotor depends on what you’re doing.When you read text in an email, you can use the rotor to switch between hearing text spoken word-by-word, character-by-character, or line- by-line when you flick up or down.When you browse a webpage, you can use the rotor setting to hear all the text (either word-by-word or character-by-character), or to jump from one element to another of a certain type, such as headers or links.

Chapter 24    Accessibility

111

Reading text

Select and hear text by: ÂÂ Character, word, or line

Speaking

Adjust VoiceOver speaking by: ÂÂ Volume or rate

ÂÂ Use of typing echo, pitch change, or phonetics (using Apple Wireless Keyboard)

See “Controlling VoiceOver using an Apple Wireless Keyboard” on page 114.

Navigating

Select and hear text by:

	ÂÂ	Character, word, or line		Confidential
	ÂÂ	Heading
	ÂÂ Link, visited link, non-visited link, or in-page link
	ÂÂ	Form control
	ÂÂ	Table or row (when navigating a table)
	ÂÂ	List
	ÂÂ	Landmark	Draft
	ÂÂ	Image
	ÂÂ	Static text
	ÂÂ	Items of the same type
	ÂÂ	Buttons
	ÂÂ	Text fields
	ÂÂ	Search fields
	ÂÂ	Containers (screen regions such as the ck)

Zoom in or out

Entering text

Move insertion point and hear text by: ÂÂ Character, word, or line

AppleSelect edit function Select language

Using a control

Select and hear values by: ÂÂ Character, word, or line

Adjust the value of the control object

112	Chapter 24    Accessibility

Make sure the rotor is set to edit.With text selected, flick up or down to choose Cut, Copy, or Paste, then double-tap.

Set the rotor to Edit, flick up or down to choose Select or Select All, then double-tap. If you chose Select, the word closest to the insertion point is selected when you double-tap. If you chose Select All, the entire text is selected. Pinch apart or together to increase or decrease the selection.

Select , then double-tap or split-tap. You must do this even when touch typing. To delete multiple characters, touch and hold the Delete key, then tap the screen with another finger once for each character you want to delete. VoiceOver speaks the character as it’s deleted. If Use Pitch Change is turned on, VoiceOver speaks deleted characters in a lower pitch.

With VoiceOver turned on and a key selected on the keyboard, use the rotor to select Typing Mode, then flick up or down.

Entering and editing text with VoiceOver

When you select a text field with VoiceOver, you can use the onscreen keyboard or an external keyboard connected to iPad to enter text. You can use the editing features of iPad to cut, copy, or paste in the text field.

There are two ways to enter text in VoiceOver—standard typing and touch typing. With standard typing, you select a key, then double-tap the screen to enter the character. With touch typing, you touch to select a key and the character is entered automatically when you lift your finger.Touch typing can be quicker, but may require more practice than standard typing.

VoiceOver also lets you use the editing features of iPad to cut, copy, or paste in a text field.

Enter text: Select an editable text field, double-tap to display the insertion point and the onscreen keyboard, and type characters.

ÂÂ	Standard typing: Select a key on the keyboard by flicking left or right, then double-tap to enter
	the character. Or move you finger around the keyboard to select a key and, while continuing
	to touch the key with one finger, tap the screen with another finger.VoiceOver spe ks the key
	when it’s selected, and again when the character is entered.
ÂÂ	Touch typing: Touch a key on the keyboard to select it, then lift your finger				o en er he
	character. If you touch the wrong key, move your finger on the keyboard u				il you select he
	key you want. VoiceOver speaks the charac er for each key as you touch it, but does ’t enter a
	character until you lift your finger.
	Note: Touch typing works only or	he keys	hat enter text. Use standard typing for other keys
	such as Shift, Delete, and Return.
	Draft
	Confidential
Move the insertion point: Flick up or down to move the nsert on point forward or backward
in the text. Use the rotor to choose whether you want to move the nsertion point by character,
by word, or by line. VoiceOver m kes		sound when the nsert on po nt moves, and speaks the
character, word, or line that the inse tion poi			moves across.
When moving forward by words, the insertion poi				t is placed at the end of each word, before
the space or punctuation that follows. When m			vi	g backward, the insertion point is placed
at the end of the preceding word, bef		re the space		r punctuation that follows it. To move the

insertion point past the punctuation at the end f a w rd or sentence, use the rotor to switch back to character mode. When moving the insertion point by line, VoiceOver speaks each line as

you move across it. When moving forward, the insertion point is placed at the beginning of the Applenext line (except when you reach the last line of a paragraph, when the insertion point is moved

to the end of the line just spok n). When moving backward, the insertion point is placed at the beginning of the ine that’s spok .

Choose standard or touch ty ing

Delete a character

Select text

Cut, copy, or paste

Chapter 24    Accessibility

113

Undo	Shake iPad, flick left or right to choose the action to undo, then double-tap.
Enter an accented character	In standard typing mode, select the plain character, then double-tap and
	hold until you hear a sound indicating alternate characters have appeared.
	Drag left or right to select and hear the choices. Release your finger to enter
	the current selection.
Change the language you’re	Set the rotor to Language, then flick up or down. Choose“default language”
typing in	to use the language specified in International settings.The Language
	rotor appears only if you select more than one language in the VoiceOver
	Language Rotor setting. See “Setting up VoiceOver” on page 108.

Using VoiceOver with Safari

When you search the web in Safari with VoiceOver on, the Search Results rotor items lets you hear the list of suggested search phrases.

Search the web: Select the search field, enter your search, then select Search Results using the rotor. Flick right or left to move down or up the list, then double-tap the screen to se rch the web using the current search phrase.

Using VoiceOver with Maps

You can use VoiceOver to zoom in or out, select pins, and get information about loca io s.

Zoom in or out: Select the map, use	he ro or	choose zoom mod , th flick up or down to
zoom in or out.
Select a pin: Touch pin, or flick le	or right	move from one it m to anoth r.
Get information about a loc tion: With pin selected, double-tap to isplay the information flag.
Flick left or right to select the Mo e Info button, then double-tap to isplay the information page.

Controlling VoiceOver using n Apple Wireless Keyboard

You can control VoiceOver on iPad using an Apple Wireless Keyboard. See “Using Bluetooth devices” on page 37.

You can use VoiceOver keyboard commands to		avigate the screen, select items, read screen
contents, adjust the rotor, and perform ther V	iceOver actions. All the keyboard commands
Draft
(except one) include Control-Option, abbreviated in the table below as “VO.”

	VoiceOver Help speaks keys or keyboard commands as you type them. You can use VoiceOver Help
	to learn the keyboard layout and the actions associated with key combinations.
	VoiceOver keyboard commands
	VO = Control-Option	Confidential
	Read all,starting from the	VO–A
	current osition
	Read from the top	VO–B
	Move to the status bar	VO–M
	Press the Home button	VO–H
	Select the next or previous item	VO–Right Arrow or VO–Left Arrow
	Tap an item	VO–Space bar
	Double-tap with two fingers	VO–”-”
	Apple
	Choose the next or previous	VO–Up Arrow or VO–Down Arrow

rotor item

114	Chapter 24    Accessibility

H

L

R

B

AppleC

I

T

S

W

X

M

1

2

3

4

5

6

Chapter 24    Accessibility

Choose the next or previous	VO–Command–Left Arrow or VO–Command–Right Arrow
speech rotor item
Adjust speech rotor item	VO–Command–Up Arrow or VO–Command–Down Arrow
Mute or unmute VoiceOver	VO–S
Turn the screen curtain on or off	VO–Shift-S
Turn on VoiceOver help	VO–K
Return to the previous screen, or	Escape
turn offVoiceOver help

Quick Nav

Turn on Quick Nav to control VoiceOver using the arrow keys. Quick Nav is off by default.

Turn Quick Nav on or off		Left Arrow–Right Arrow
Select the next or previous item		Right Arrow or Left Arrow
Select the next or previous item		Up Arrow or Down Arrow
specified by the rotor setting
Select the first or last item		Control–Up Arrow or Control–Down Arrow
“Tap” an item		Up Arrow–Down Arrow
Scroll up, down, left, or right		Op ion–Up Arrow, Option–Down Arrow, Option–L ft Arrow, or
		Op ion–Right Arrow
Change the rotor		Up Arrow–Le Arrow or Up Arrow–Right Arrow
	Draft
		Confidential

Single-letter Quick Nav for the web

When you view web p ge with Quick N v enabled, you can use the following keys the

keyboard to navigate the page quickly. Typi g the key moves to the next item of the indicated type. Hold the Shift key as you type the letter to move to the previous item.

Heading

Link

Text field

Button

Form control

Image

Table

Static text

ARIA landmark

List

Element of the same type

Level 1 heading

Level 2 heading

Level 3 heading

Level 4 heading

Level 5 heading

Level 6 heading

115

Using a braille display with VoiceOver

You can use a refreshable Bluetooth braille display to read VoiceOver output in braille, and you can use a braille display with input keys and other controls to control iPad when VoiceOver

is turned on. iPad works with many of the most popular wireless braille displays. For a list of supported braille displays, go to www.apple.com/accessibility/iphone/braille-display.html.

Set up a braille display: Turn on the display, then go to Settings > General > Bluetooth and

turn on Bluetooth. Then go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Braille and choose the display.

	Turn contracted braille on or off				Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Braille.
	Turn eight-dot braille on or off				Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Braille.
					Confidential
	For information about common braille commands for VoiceOver navigation, and for information
	specific to certain displays, go to support.apple.com/kb/HT4400.
	The braille display uses the language that’s set for Voice Control. This is normally the l						ngu ge
	that’s set for iPad in Settings > International > Language. You can use the VoiceOver l ngu ge
	setting to set a different language for VoiceOver and braille displays.
	Set the language for VoiceOver: Go to Settings > General > Internatio					al > Voice Co	rol, hen
	choose the language.
			Draft
	If you change the language for iPad, you may need to reset the language for Voic Over a d your
	braille display.
	You can set the leftmost or rightmost cell of your braille splay to provi					syst m status and
	other information:
ÂÂ		Announcement Histo y cont ins unre d message
ÂÂ		The current Announcement Histo y message has ’t been read
ÂÂ		VoiceOver speech is muted
ÂÂ		The iPad battery is low (less than 20% charge)
ÂÂ		iPad is in landscape orientation
ÂÂ		The screen display is turned off
ÂÂ		The current line contains additional text to the left
Apple
ÂÂ		The current line contains additional text to the right
	Set the leftmost or rightmost c				ll to display status information: Go to Settings > General >
	Accessibility > Voic			Ov r > Braille > Status Cell, then tap Left or Right.
	See an expanded d			scription of the status cell: On your braille display, press the status cell’s
	router button.
	Tri le-click Home
	Tri	-click Home is an easy way to turn some accessibility features on or off by quickly pressing
	the Home button three times.You can set Triple-click Home to turn VoiceOver on or off, turn
	White on Black on or off, turn touch on or off, or ask if you would like to triple-click the Home
	button to:
ÂÂ		Turn VoiceOver on or off
ÂÂ		Turn White on Black on or off
ÂÂ		Turn Zoom on or off
ÂÂ		Turn AssistiveTouch on or off

116	Chapter 24    Accessibility