April 2000
LM2673
SIMPLE SWITCHER® 3A Step-Down Voltage Regulator with Adjustable Current Limit
General Description
The LM2673 series of regulators are monolithic integrated circuits which provide all of the active functions for a step-down (buck) switching regulator capable of driving up to 3A loads with excellent line and load regulation characteristics. High efficiency (>90%) is obtained through the use of a low ON-resistance DMOS power switch. The series consists of fixed output voltages of 3.3V, 5V and 12V and an adjustable output version.
The SIMPLE SWITCHER concept provides for a complete design using a minimum number of external components. A high fixed frequency oscillator (260KHz) allows the use of physically smaller sized components. A family of standard inductors for use with the LM2673 are available from several manufacturers to greatly simplify the design process.
Other features include the ability to reduce the input surge current at power-ON by adding a softstart timing capacitor to gradually turn on the regulator. The LM2673 series also has built in thermal shutdown and resistor programmable current limit of the power MOSFET switch to protect the device and load circuitry under fault conditions. The output voltage is guaranteed to a ±2% tolerance. The clock frequency is controlled to within a ±11% tolerance.
Features
nEfficiency up to 94%
nSimple and easy to design with (using off-the-shelf external components)
nResistor programmable peak current limit over a range of 2A to 5A.
n150 mΩ DMOS output switch
n3.3V, 5V and 12V fixed output and adjustable (1.2V to 37V ) versions
n±2%maximum output tolerance over full line and load conditions
nWide input voltage range: 8V to 40V
n260 KHz fixed frequency internal oscillator
nSoftstart capability
n−40 to +125ÊC operating junction temperature range
Applications
nSimple to design, high efficiency (>90%) step-down switching regulators
nEfficient system pre-regulator for linear voltage regulators
nBattery chargers
Typical Application
DS100913-3
SIMPLE SWITCHER® is a registered trademark of National Semiconductor Corporation.
Limit Current Adjustable with Regulator Voltage Down-Step 3A SWITCHER SIMPLE LM2673
© 2000 National Semiconductor Corporation |
DS100913 |
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LM2673
Connection Diagram and Ordering Information
TO-263 Package
Top View
DS100913-1
Order Number
LM2673S-3.3, LM2673S-5.0,
LM2673S-12 or LM2673S-ADJ
See NSC Package Number TS7B
TO-220 Package
Top View
DS100913-2
Order Number
LM2673T-3.3, LM2673T-5.0,
LM2673T-12 or LM2673T-ADJ
See NSC Package Number TA07B
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2 |
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications.
Input Supply Voltage |
45V |
Softstart Pin Voltage |
−0.1V to 6V |
Switch Voltage to Ground |
−1V to V IN |
Boost Pin Voltage |
VSW + 8V |
Feedback Pin Voltage |
−0.3V to 14V |
Power Dissipation |
Internally Limited |
ESD (Note 2) |
2 kV |
Storage Temperature Range |
−65ÊC to 150ÊC |
Soldering Temperature |
|
Wave |
4 sec, 260ÊC |
Infrared |
10 sec, 240ÊC |
Vapor Phase |
75 sec, 219ÊC |
Operating Ratings
Supply Voltage |
8V to 40V |
Junction Temperature Range (TJ) |
−40ÊC to 125ÊC |
Electrical Characteristics Limits appearing in bold type face apply over the entire junction temperature range of operation, −40ÊC to 125ÊC. Specifications appearing in normal type apply for T A = TJ = 25ÊC. RADJ = 8.2KΩ
LM2673-3.3
Symbol |
Parameter |
Conditions |
Typical |
Min |
Max |
Units |
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(Note 3) |
(Note 4) |
(Note 4) |
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VOUT |
Output Voltage |
VIN = 8V to 40V, 100mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A |
3.3 |
3.234/3.201 |
3.366/3.399 |
V |
η |
Efficiency |
VIN = 12V, ILOAD = 3A |
86 |
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% |
LM2673-5.0
Symbol |
Parameter |
Conditions |
Typical |
Min |
Max |
Units |
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(Note 3) |
(Note 4) |
(Note 4) |
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VOUT |
Output Voltage |
VIN = 8V to 40V, 100mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A |
5.0 |
4.900/4.850 |
5.100/5.150 |
V |
η |
Efficiency |
VIN = 12V, ILOAD = 3A |
88 |
|
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% |
LM2673-12
Symbol |
Parameter |
Conditions |
Typical |
Min |
Max |
Units |
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(Note 3) |
(Note 4) |
(Note 4) |
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VOUT |
Output Voltage |
VIN = 15V to 40V, 100mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A |
12 |
11.76/11.64 |
12.24/12.36 |
V |
η |
Efficiency |
VIN = 24V, ILOAD = 3A |
94 |
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% |
LM2673-ADJ
Symbol |
Parameter |
Conditions |
Typ |
Min |
Max |
Units |
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(Note 3) |
(Note 4) |
(Note 4) |
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VFB |
Feedback |
VIN = 8V to 40V, 100mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A |
1.21 |
1.186/1.174 |
1.234/1.246 |
V |
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Voltage |
VOUT Programmed for 5V |
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η |
Efficiency |
VIN = 12V, ILOAD = 3A |
88 |
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% |
LM2673
3 |
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LM2673
All Output Voltage Versions
Electrical Characteristics
Limits appearing in bold type face apply over the entire junction temperature range of operation, −40ÊC to 125ÊC. Specifications appearing in normal type apply for TA = TJ = 25ÊC. Unless otherwise specified, RADJ = 8.2KΩ, VIN=12V for the 3.3V, 5V and Adjustable versions and VIN=24V for the 12V version.
Symbol |
Parameter |
Conditions |
Typ |
Min |
Max |
Units |
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DEVICE PARAMETERS |
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IQ |
Quiescent |
VFEEDBACK = 8V |
4.2 |
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6 |
mA |
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Current |
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For 3.3V, 5.0V, and ADJ Versions |
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VFEEDBACK = 15V |
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For 12V Versions |
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VADJ |
Current Limit |
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1.21 |
1.181/1.169 |
1.229/1.246 |
V |
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Adjust Voltage |
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ICL |
Current Limit |
RADJ = 8.2KΩ, (Note 5) |
4.5 |
3.8/3.6 |
5.25/5.4 |
A |
IL |
Output |
VIN = 40V, Softstart Pin = 0V |
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mA |
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Leakage |
VSWITCH = 0V |
1.0 |
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1.5 |
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mA |
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Current |
VSWITCH = −1V |
6 |
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15 |
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RDS(ON) |
Switch |
ISWITCH = 3A |
0.15 |
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0.17/0.29 |
Ω |
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On-Resistance |
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fO |
Oscillator |
Measured at Switch Pin |
260 |
225 |
280 |
kHz |
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Frequency |
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D |
Duty Cycle |
Maximum Duty Cycle |
91 |
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% |
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Minimum Duty Cycle |
0 |
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% |
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IBIAS |
Feedback Bias |
VFEEDBACK = 1.3V |
85 |
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nA |
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Current |
ADJ Version Only |
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VSFST |
Softstart |
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Threshold |
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0.63 |
0.53 |
0.74 |
V |
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Voltage |
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ISFST |
Softstart Pin |
Softstart Pin = 0V |
3.7 |
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6.9 |
µA |
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Current |
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θJA |
Thermal |
T Package, Junction to Ambient |
65 |
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Resistance |
(Note 6) |
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θJA |
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T Package, Junction to Ambient |
45 |
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(Note 7) |
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θJC |
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T Package, Junction to Case |
2 |
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θJA |
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S Package, Junction to Ambient |
56 |
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ÊC/W |
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(Note 8) |
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θJA |
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S Package, Junction to Ambient |
35 |
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(Note 9) |
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θJA |
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S Package, Junction to Ambient |
26 |
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(Note 10) |
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θJC |
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S Package, Junction to Case |
2 |
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++ |
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings are limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions under which of the device is guaranteed. Operating Ratings do not imply guaranteed performance limits. For guaranteed performance limits and associated test condition, see the electrical Characteristics tables.
Note 2: ESD was applied using the human-body model, a 100pF capacitor discharged through a 1.5 kΩ resistor into each pin.
Note 3: Typical values are determined with TA = TJ = 25ÊC and represent the most likely norm.
Note 4: All limits are guaranteed at room temperature (standard type face) and at temperature extremes (bold type face). All room temperature limits are 100% tested during production with TA = TJ = 25ÊC. All limits at temperature extremes are guaranteed via correlation using standard standard Quality Control (SQC) methods. All limits are used to calculate Average Outgoing Quality Level (AOQL).
Note 5: The peak switch current limit is determined by the following relationship: ICL=37,125/ RADJ.
Note 6: Junction to ambient thermal resistance (no external heat sink) for the 7 lead TO-220 package mounted vertically, with 1¤2 inch leads in a socket, or on a PC board with minimum copper area.
Note 7: Junction to ambient thermal resistance (no external heat sink) for the 7 lead TO-220 package mounted vertically, with 1¤2 inch leads soldered to a PC board containing approximately 4 square inches of (1 oz.) copper area surrounding the leads.
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4 |
(Continued)
Note 8: Junction to ambient thermal resistance for the 7 lead TO-263 mounted horizontally against a PC board area of 0.136 square inches (the same size as the TO-263 package) of 1 oz. (0.0014 in. thick) copper.
Note 9: Junction to ambient thermal resistance for the 7 lead TO-263 mounted horizontally against a PC board area of 0.4896 square inches (3.6 times the area of the TO-263 package) of 1 oz. (0.0014 in. thick) copper.
Note 10: Junction to ambient thermal resistance for the 7 lead TO-263 mounted horizontally against a PC board copper area of 1.0064 square inches (7.4 times the area of the TO-263 package) of 1 oz. (0.0014 in. thick) copper. Additional copper area will reduce thermal resistance further. See the thermal model in Switchers Made Simple® software.
LM2673
5 |
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LM2673
Typical Performance Characteristics
Normalized |
Line Regulation |
Efficiency vs Input Voltage |
Output Voltage |
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|
DS100913-5 |
DS100913-6 |
|
DS100913-4 |
|
Efficiency vs ILOAD |
Switch Current Limit |
Operating Quiescent Current |
DS100913-7 DS100913-8 DS100913-9
Switching Frequency Feedback Pin Bias Current
DS100913-12 |
DS100913-13 |
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6 |
Block Diagram
*Active Inductor Patent Number 5,514,947
²Active Capacitor Patent Number 5,382,918
LM2673
DS100913-14
7 |
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LM2673
Typical Performance Characteristics
Continuous Mode Switching Waveforms |
Discontinuous Mode Switching Waveforms |
VIN = 20V, VOUT = 5V, ILOAD = 3A |
VIN = 20V, VOUT = 5V, ILOAD = 500 mA |
L = 33 µH, C OUT = 200 µF, C OUTESR = 26 mΩ |
L = 10 µH, C OUT = 400 µF, C OUTESR = 13 mΩ |
DS100913-15
A:VSW Pin Voltage, 10 V/div.
B:Inductor Current, 1 A/div
C:Output Ripple Voltage, 20 mV/div AC-Coupled
Horizontal Time Base: 1 µs/div
Load Transient Response for Continuous Mode
VIN = 20V, VOUT = 5V
L = 33 µH, C OUT = 200 µF, C OUTESR = 26 mΩ
DS100913-17
A:Output Voltage, 100 mV//div, AC-Coupled.
B:Load Current: 500 mA to 3A Load Pulse
Horizontal Time Base: 100 µs/div
DS100913-16
A:VSW Pin Voltage, 10 V/div.
B:Inductor Current, 1 A/div
C:Output Ripple Voltage, 20 mV/div AC-Coupled
Horizontal Time Base: 1 µs//iv
Load Transient Response for Discontinuous Mode
VIN = 20V, VOUT = 5V,
L = 10 µH, C OUT = 400 µF, C OUTESR = 13 mΩ
DS100913-18
A:Output Voltage, 100 mV/div, AC-Coupled.
B:Load Current: 200 mA to 3A Load Pulse
Horizontal Time Base: 200 µs/div
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8 |