*9001027027*
Ø 0RQWDJHDQOHLWXQJ Ú ,QVWDOODWLRQ LQVWUXFWLRQV Þ 1RWLFH GH PRQWDJH
â ,VWUX]LRQL SHU LO PRQWDJJLR é ,QVWDOODWLHYRRUVFKULIW × 0RQWHULQJVYHMOHGQLQJ ó 0RQWHULQJVDQYLVQLQJ ê 0RQWHULQJVYHLOHGQLQJ Ý $VHQQXVRKMH
Û ,QVWUXFFLRQHV GH PRQWDMH
ì ,QVWUXo}HV GH PRQWDJHP Ù ̲͉͇͓͆́ͅ ͇͕͔͕͔͉͓͌̓̾̓ͅ ë ,QVWUXNFMD PRQWDŰX
î Ημπροςιυηώ ξν λνμρίες ô 0RQWDM N×ODYX]X
Ö 0RQWiçQt QiYRG á 6]HUHOpVL ~WPXWDWy
í ,QVWUXFŘLXQL GH PRQWDM ï 0RQWiçQ\ QiYRG
1 |
2 |
D |
|
E |
|
|
|
|
|
D |
F |
E |
G |
|
de
*HVWHOOH DXV XQG HLQKlQJHQ
:9HUEUHQQXQJVJHIDKU
%JF (FTUFMMF XFSEFO TFIS IFJ /JF EJF IFJ FO (FTUFMMF CFS¼ISFO %BT (FS¤U JNNFS BCL¼IMFO MBTTFO ,JOEFS GFSOIBMUFO
*HVWHOOH DXVKlQJHQ
(FTUFMM WPSOF FUXBT BOIFCFO ‚ VOE BVTI¤OHFO ƒ #JME !
%BOBDI EBT HBO[F (FTUFMM OBDI WPSOF [JFIFO VOE IFSBVTOFI NFO #JME "
*HVWHOOH HLQKlQJHQ
%JF (FTUFMMF QBTTFO OVS SFDIUT PEFS MJOLT %JF "VT[VHTTDIJFOFO N¼TTFO TJDI OBDI WPSOF IFSBVT[JFIFO MBTTFO
(FTUFMM [VFSTU NJUUJH JO EJF IJOUFSF #VDITF FJOTUFDLFO ‚ CJT EBT (FTUFMM BO EFS (BSSBVNXBOE BOMJFHU VOE OBDI IJOUFO ES¼DLFO ƒ #JME #
%BOBDIJOEJFWPSEFSF#VDITFFJOTUFDLFO„ CJTEBT(FTUFMMBVDI IJFS BO EFS (BSSBVNXBOE BOMJFHU VOE OBDI VOUFO ES¼DLFO … #JME $
+LQZHLV +F OBDI "VT[VHTTZTUFN N¼TTFO 4JF EJF (SVOEFJOTUFM MVOHFO BO *ISFN (FS¤U ¤OEFSO 4FIFO 4JF EB[V CJUUF JO EFS (FCSBVDITBOMFJUVOH JN ,BQJUFM (SVOEFJOTUFMMVOHFO OBDI
5HLQLJHQ
(FTUFMMF )FJ F 4Q¼MMBVHF &JOXFJDIFO VOE NJU FJOFN 4Q¼MUVDI PEFS FJ OFS #¼STUF SFJOJHFO
"VT[VHTTZTUFN )FJ F 4Q¼MMBVHF
.JU FJOFN 4Q¼MUVDI PEFS FJOFS #¼STUF SFJOJ HFO
/JDIU EBT 4DINJFSGFUU BVG EFO "VT[VHTTDIJF
OFOFOUGFSOFO BNCFTUFOFJOHFTDIPCFOSFJOJ HFO /JDIU JN (FTDIJSSTQ¼MFS SFJOJHFO
en
'HWDFKLQJ DQG UHILWWLQJ WKH UDLOV
:5LVN RI EXUQV
5IF SBJMT CFDPNF WFSZ IPU /FWFS UPVDI UIF IPU SBJMT "MXBZT BMMPX UIF BQQMJBODF UP DPPM EPXO ,FFQ DIJMESFO BXBZ GSPN UIF BQQMJBODF
'HWDFKLQJ WKH UDLOV
3BJTF UIF GSPOU PG UIF SBJM B MJUUMF ‚ BOE EFUBDI JU ƒ GJH !5IFO QVMM UIF XIPMF SBJM UP UIF GSPOU BOE SFNPWF JU GJHVSF "
+RRNLQJ LQ WKH UDLOV
5IF SBJMT POMZ GJU PO UIF SJHIU PS UIF MFGU TJEF 5IF QVMM PVU SBJMT NVTU QVMM PVU UPXBSET UIF GSPOU
'JSTU JOTFSU UIF SBJM JO UIF DFOUSF PG UIF SFBS TPDLFU ‚VOUJM UIF SBJM MJFT BHBJOTU UIF XBMM PG UIF DPPLJOH DPNQBSUNFOU BOE QVTI JU UPXBSET UIF CBDL ƒ GJH #
5IFO JOTFSU JU JOUP UIF GSPOU TPDLFU„VOUJM UIF SBJM BMTP MJFT BHBJOTU UIF XBMM PG UIF DPPLJOH DPNQBSUNFOU IFSF BOE QVTI JU EPXOXBSET … GJH $
1RWH %FQFOEJOH PO UIF QVMM PVU TZTUFN ZPV NVTU DIBOHF UIF CBTJD TFUUJOHT PO ZPVS BQQMJBODF 5P EP UIJT SFGFS UP UIF #BTJD TFUUJOHT TFDUJPO JO UIF JOTUSVDUJPOT GPS VTF
&OHDQLQJ
3BJMT )PU TPBQZ XBUFS 4PBL BOE DMFBO XJUI B EJTI DMPUI PS CSVTI
1VMM PVU TZTUFN )PU TPBQZ XBUFS $MFBO XJUI B EJTI DMPUI PS B CSVTI
%POPUSFNPWFUIFMVCSJDBOUXIJMFUIFQVMM PVU
SBJMT BSF QVMMFE PVU JU JT CFTU UP DMFBO UIFN
XIFO UIFZ BSF QVTIFE JO %P OPU DMFBO JO UIF EJTIXBTIFS
fr
'pFURFKHU HW DFFURFKHU OHV VXSSRUWV
:5LVTXH GH EU OXUHV
-FT TVQQPSUT EFWJFOOFOU US¨T DIBVET /F KBNBJT UPVDIFS MFT TVQQPSUT DIBVET -BJTTFS UPVKPVST MBQQBSFJM SFGSPJEJS MPJHOFS MFT FOGBOUT
'pFURFKDJH GHV VXSSRUWV
4PVMFWF[ M©H¨SFNFOU MF TVQQPSU MBWBOU ‚ FU E©DSPDIF[ MF ƒ GJH !
5JSF[ FOTVJUF UPVU MF TVQQPSU WFST MBWBOU FU TPSUF[ MF GJH " $FFURFKDJH GHV VXSSRUWV
-FT TVQQPSUT TBEBQUFOU VOJRVFNFOU ESPJUF PV HBVDIF -FT SBJMT U©MFTDPQJRVFT EPJWFOU QPVWPJS ªUSF UJS©T WFST MBWBOU
$PNNFODF[ QBS JOT©SFS MF TVQQPSU BV DFOUSF EBOT MB EPVJMMF BSSJ¨SF ‚KVTRV DF RVF MF TVQQPSU SFQPTF DPOUSF MB QBSPJ EV DPNQBSUJNFOU EF DVJTTPO FU QPVTTF[ MF WFST MBSSJ¨SF ƒ GJH #
*OT©SF[ MF FOTVJUF EBOT MB EPVJMMF BWBOU„ KVTRV DF RVF MF TVQQPSU SFQPTF M BVTTJ DPOUSF MB QBSPJ EV DPNQBSUJNFOU EF DVJTTPO FU QPVTTF[ MF WFST MBSSJ¨SF … GJH $
5HPDUTXH &O GPODUJPO EV TZTU¨NF U©MFTDPQJRVF WPVT EFWF[ NPEJGJFS MFT S©HMBHFT EF CBTF TVS WPUSF BQQBSFJM 1PVS DF GBJSF WFVJMMF[ DPOTVMUFS MF DIBQJUSF 3©HMBHFT EF CBTF EBOT MB OPUJDF EVUJMJTBUJPO
1HWWR\DJH
4VQQPSUT |
&BVDIBVEFBEEJUJPOO©FEFQSPEVJU |
WBJTTFMMF |
|
|
|
|
.FUUSF USFNQFS FU OFUUPZFS BWFD VOF MBWFUUF |
|
|
PV VOF CSPTTF |
|
4ZTU¨NF U©MFT |
&BVDIBVEFBEEJUJPOO©FEFQSPEVJU |
WBJTTFMMF |
DPQJRVF |
|
|
|
/FUUPZFS BWFD VOF MBWFUUF PV VOF CSPTTF |
|
/F QBT ©MJNJOFS MB HSBJTTF EF MVCSJGJDBUJPO TVS MFT SBJMT U©MFTDPQJRVFT MFT OFUUPZFS EF QS©G© SFODFFOQPTJUJPOSFOUS©F /FQBTOFUUPZFSBV MBWF WBJTTFMMF
it
6JDQFLR H ULDJJDQFLR GHL VXSSRUWL
:3HULFROR GL VFRWWDWXUH
*TVQQPSUJTJTVSSJTDBMEBOPNPMUP /POUPDDBSFNBJJTVQQPSUJBEBMUB UFNQFSBUVSB -BTDJBS TFNQSF SBGGSFEEBSF MBQQBSFDDIJP 5FOFSF MPOUBOP J CBNCJOJ
6JDQFLR GHL VXSSRUWL
4PMMFWBSFVOQP JMTVQQPSUPBOUFSJPSF ‚FTNPOUBSF ƒ GJHVSB !2VJOEJ UJSBSF JO BWBOUJ MJOUFSP TVQQPSUP FE FTUSBSMP GJHVSB "
5LDJJDQFLR GHL VXSSRUWL
* TVQQPSUJ QPTTPOP FTTFSF JOTFSJUJ TPMP B EFTUSB P B TJOJTUSB %FWF FTTFSF QPTTJCJMF FTUSBSSF BOUFSJPSNFOUF MF HVJEF EJ FTUFOTJPOF
*OTFSJSF QSJNB JM TVQQPSUP BM DFOUSP OFMMBUUBDDP QPTUFSJPSF ‚ GJODI© JM TVQQPSUP OPO ¨ QPTJ[JPOBUP TVMMB QBSFUF EFM WBOP EJ DPUUVSB F TQJOHFSF BMMJOEJFUSP ƒ GJHVSB #
2VJOEJ JOTFSJSMP OFMMBUUBDDP BOUFSJPSF„ GJODI© JM TVQQPSUP OPO ¨ QPTJ[JPOBUPBODIFRVJTVMMBQBSFUFEFMWBOPEJDPUUVSBFTQJOHFSF WFSTP JM CBTTP … GJHVSB $
$YYHUWHQ]D " TFDPOEB EFM TJTUFNB EJ FTUSB[JPOF ¨ OFDFTTBSJP NPEJGJDBSF MF JNQPTUB[JPOJ EJ CBTF TVM QSPQSJP BQQBSFDDIJP " UBMF TDPQP DPOTVMUBSF MF JTUSV[JPOJ QFS MVTP BM DBQJUPMP *NQPTUB[JPOJ EJ CBTF
3XOL]LD
4VQQPSUJ 4PMV[JPOF EJ MBWBHHJP DBMEB MBTDJBSF JO BNNPMMP F QVMJSF DPO VO QBOOP TQVHOB P VOB TQB[[PMB
4JTUFNBEJFTUSB 4PMV[JPOF EJ MBWBHHJP DBMEB
[JPOF QVMJSF DPO VO QBOOP TQVHOB P VOB TQB[[PMB
/PO SJNVPWFSF JM HSBTTP MVCSJGJDBOUF EBMMF HVJ
EFEJFTUFOTJPOF QVMJSFRVBOEPTPOPJOTFSJUF /PO MBWBSF JO MBWBTUPWJHMJF
nl
5HNMHV YHUZLMGHUHQ HQ EHYHVWLJHQ
:5LVLFR YDQ YHUEUDQGLQJ
%F SFLKFT XPSEFO IFFM IFFU /PPJU EF IFUF SFLKFT BBOSBLFO )FU BQQBSBBU BMUJKE MBUFO BGLPFMFO ;PSH FSWPPS EBU FS HFFO LJOEFSFO JO EF CVVSU [JKO
5HNMHV YHUZLMGHUHQ
)FU SFLKF BBO EF WPPSLBOU FFO CFFUKF PQUJMMFO ‚FO WFSXJKEFSFO ƒ "GC !
7FSWPMHFOT IFU IFMF SFLKF OBBS WPSFO USFLLFO FO VJUOFNFO "GC "
5HNMHV LQKDQJHQ
%F SFLKFT QBTTFO BMMFFO MJOLT PG SFDIUT %F VJUTDIVJGCBSF SBJMT NPFUFO FS OBBS WPSFO LVOOFO XPSEFO VJUHFUSPLLFO
)FU SFLKF FFSTU JO IFU NJEEFO WBO EF BDIUFSTUF CVT TUFLFO ‚ UPU IFU BBOTMVJU PQ EF XBOE WBO EF CJOOFOSVJNUF FO OBBS BDIUFSFO ESVLLFO ƒ "GC #
)FU SFLKF WFSWPMHFOT JO EF WPPSTUF CVT TUFLFO„ UPU IFU PPL IJFS BBOTMVJU PQ EF XBOE WBO EF CJOOFOSVJNUF FO OBBS CFOFEFO ESVLLFO … "GC $
$DQZLM]LQJ "GIBOLFMJKL WBO IFU VJUUSFLTZTUFFN NPFU V EF CBTJTJOTUFMMJOHFO WBO VX BQQBSBBU XJK[JHFO *O EF HFCSVJLTBBOXJK[JOH CJK VX PWFO JO IFU IPPGETUVL#BTJTJOTUFMMJOHFO WJOEU V NFFS JOGPSNBUJF
5HLQLJHQ
3FLKFT 8BSN [FFQTPQ -BUFO XFLFO FO SFJOJHFO NFU FFO TDIPPO NBBLEPFLKF PG CPSTUFM
6JUUSFLTZTUFFN 8BSN [FFQTPQ
.FU FFO TDIPPONBBLEPFLKF PG CPSTUFM TDIPPONBLFO
7FSXJKEFS IFU TNFFSWFU OJFU WBO EF VJU TDIVJGSBJMT 6 LVOU [F IFU CFTUF SFJOJHFO XBO OFFS[FJOHFTDIPWFO[JKO /JFUBGXBTTFOJOEF WBBUXBTNBDIJOF
da
$IPRQWHUH PRQWHUH ULEEHUDPPHU
:)DUH IRU IRUEU QGLQJ
3JCCFSBNNFSOF CMJWFS NFHFU WBSNF 3¸S BMESJH WFE SJCCFSBNNFSOF O¥S EF FS WBSNF -BE BMUJE BQQBSBUFU L¸MF BG )PME C¸SO Q¥ TJLLFS BGTUBOE
7DJH ULEEHUDPPHU DI
-¸GU SJCCFSBNNFO MJEU PQ GPSBO ‚ PH GSJH¸S EFO ƒ GJHVS !
5S¦LEFSFGUFSIFMFSJCCFSBNNFOGSFNBE PHUBHEFOVE GJHVS"
6 WWH ULEEHUDPPHU Sn SODGV
3JCCFSBNNFSOF QBTTFS LVO J IIW I¸KSF FMMFS WFOTUSF TJEF 6EUS¦LTTLJOOFSOF TLBM LVOOF US¦LLFT VE GSFNBE
4UJL G¸STU SJCCFSBNNFO JOE J NJEUFO J EFO CBHFTUF C¸TOJOH ‚ JOEUJM SJCCFSBNNFO MJHHFS BO NPE PWOSVNNFUT W¦H PH USZL EFO CBHVE ƒ GJHVS #
4UJLEFOEFSFGUFSJOEJEFOGPSSFTUFC¸TOJOH „ JOEUJMSJCCFSBNNFO PHT¥ IFS MJHHFS BO NPE PWOSVNNFUT W¦H PH USZL EFO OFEBE … GJHVS $
%HP UN "GI¦OHJHU BG VEUS¦LTTZTUFNFU TLBM BQQBSBUFUT HSVOEJOETUJMMJOHFS ¦OESFT 4F WFES¸SFOEF EFUUF LBQJUMFU(SVOEJOETUJMMJOHFS J CSVHTWFKMFEOJOHFO
5HQJ¡ULQJ
3JCCFSBNNFS 7BSNU PQWBTLFWBOE
-¦H UJMCFI¸SFU J CM¸E PH SFOH¸S NFE FO CM¸E PQWBTLFTWBNQ FMMFS C¸STUF
6EUS¦LTTZTUFN 7BSNU PQWBTLFWBOE 3FOH¸S NFE FO CM¸E PQWBTLFTWBNQ FMMFS C¸STUF
'KFSO JLLF TN¸SFGFEUFU GSB VEUS¦LTTLJOOFSOF
PH SFOH¸S EFN O¥S EF FS TLVEU JOE J PWOFO
.¥ JLLF SFOH¸SFT J PQWBTLFNBTLJOF
sv
7D XU RFK VlWWD L XJQVVWHJDUQD
:5LVN I|U EUlQQVNDGRU
6HOTTUFHBSOB CMJS NZDLFU WBSNB 5B BMESJH Q¥ EF WBSNB VHOTTUFHBSOB -¥U BMMUJE FOIFUFO TWBMOB )¥MM CBSOFO CPSUB
7D ORVV XJQVVWHJDUQD
-ZGU VHOTTUFHBSOB MJUF GSBNUJMM ‚ PDI UB VS ƒ CJME !
%SB TFEBO IFMB VHOTTUFHFO GSBN¥U PDI UB VS EFO CJME"
6lWWD L XJQVVWHJDUQD
6HOTTUFHBSOB LBO CBSB QMBDFSBT BOUJOHFO UJMM I¶HFS FMMFS W¤OTUFS 6UESBHTTLFOPSOB TLB H¥ BUU ESB SBLU VU
4¤UU G¶STU J VHOTTUFHFO NJUU J CBLSF VSUBHFU ‚ T¥ BUU EFO MJHHFS BO NPU VHOTW¤HHFO PDI USZDL EFO TFEBO CBL¥U ƒ CJME #
4¤UU EFO TFEBO J EFU GS¤NSF VSUBHFU „ T¥ BUU EFO MJHHFS BO NPU VHOTW¤HHFO PDI USZDL EFO TFEBO OFE¥U … CJME $
$QYLVQLQJ %V N¥TUF FW ¤OESB HSVOEJOTU¤MMOJOHBSOB Q¥ FOIFUFO CFSPFOEF Q¥ VUESBHTTZTUFNFU 4F LBQJUMFU (SVOEJOTU¤MMOJOHBS J CSVLTBOWJTOJOHFO
5HQJ|ULQJ
6HOTTUFHBSOB 7BSNU WBUUFO PDI EJTLNFEFM #M¶UM¤HH PDI SFOH¶S NFE EJTLUSBTB FMMFS CPS TUF
6UESBHTTZTUFN 7BSNU WBUUFO PDI EJTLNFEFM 3FOH¶S NFE EJTLUSBTB FMMFS CPSTUF
5B JOUF CPSU TN¶SKGFUUFU Q¥ VUESBHTTLFOPSOB
SFOH¶S EFN IFMTU IPQTLKVUOB .BTLJOEJTLB JO UF
no
6HWW LQQ RJ WD XW VWLJHQH
:)DUH IRU IRUEUHQQLQJ
4UJHFOF CMJS TW¦SU WBSNF 5B BMESJ Q¥ EF WBSNF TUJHFOF -B BMMUJE BQQBSBUFU BWLK¸MFT )PME CBSO Q¥ BWTUBOE
7D XW VWLJHQH
-¸GU TUJHFOF MJUU PQQ GPSBO ‚ PH IFLU EFN M¸T ƒ CJMEF !5SFLL EFSFUUFS IFMF TUJHFO GSFNPWFS PH UB EFO VU CJMEF "
+HNWH VWLJHQH Sn SODVV
4UJHFO QBTTFS CBSF FOUFO Q¥ I¸ZSF FMMFS WFOTUSF TJEF 6UUSFLLTTLJOOFOF N¥ LVOOF USFLLFT VU GSFNPWFS
4FUU G¸STU TUJHFO J EFO NJEUSF ¥QOJOHFO CBL ‚UJM TUJHFO MJHHFS NPU PWOTWFHHFO PH USZLL EFO CBLPWFS ƒ GJHVS #
4FUU EFO EFSFUUFS J EFO GSFNSF ¥QOJOHFO „ UJM TUJHFO PHT¥ MJHHFS JOOUJM PWOTWFHHFO IFS PH USZLL EFO OFEPWFS … GJHVS $
0HUN "WIFOHJH BW VUUSFLLTTZTUFN N¥ EV FOESF HSVOOJOOTUJMMJOHFOF Q¥ BQQBSBUFU -FT NFS PN IWPSEBO EFUUF HK¸SFT J LBQJUUFMFU (SVOOJOOTUJMMJOHFS CSVLTBOWJTOJOHFO
5HQJM¡ULQJ
4UJHFS |
7BSNU T¥QFWBOO |
|
#M¸UMFHH PH SFOHK¸S NFE FO PQQWBTLLMVU FMMFS |
|
C¸STUF |
6UUSFLLTTZTUFN |
7BSNU T¥QFWBOO |
|
3FOHK¸S NFE FO PQQWBTLLMVU FMMFS C¸STUF |
|
*LLF GKFSO TN¸SFGFUUFU GSB VUUSFLLTTLJOOFOF |
|
3FOHK¸S EFN IFMTU O¥S EF FS TLK¸WFU JOO 4LBM |
|
JLLF WBTLFT J PQQWBTLNBTLJO |
Loading...