HEIDENHAIN ND 930 User Manual
ND 930
ND 970
User´s Manual
Position Display Units
for Lathes
5/95
Position display
(ND 930: only two axes)
REF
HEIDENHAIN
PGM Rx
inch
Message field
Distance-to-go display (traversing to zero)
For incremental dimensions (only with
Input field
R
x
S
z
SPEC
FCT
PGM
7
9
8
X
S
R
z
x
SPEC
PGM
FCT
GOTO
5
Zo
Z
CL
6
4
3
2
1
.
0
HOLD
MOD
ENT
POS
GOTO
X
•••
distance-to-go display and program input)
Radius/diameter display X axis
Separate value/sum display (ND 970 only)
Special functions (tool datums, taper calculator,
oversize)
Program input
Tool compensation
Go directly to parameters or program steps
Page in program or parameter list/
select function
Select coordinate axis
Z
Status
display:
inch
PGM
REF
Rx
Keyboard (ND 930: no Zo or SZ keys)
Inch display is active
Distance-to-go display is active
Program input is active
Reference marks have been crossed
Radius display is active
Tool number
0
CL
HOLD
POS
MOD
ENT
•••
Numerical input
9
Reset all axes to zero,
functions for program input
Decimal point
Change sign or parameter
Clear entry/cancel operating mode
Hold current position
Select/deselect parameter list
Confirm entry
This manual is for ND display units with the
following software numbers or higher:
Part I: Operating Instructions
ND 930 (two axes) 246 112 05
ND 970 (three axes) 246 112 05
About this manual
This manual is divided into two parts:
Part I: Operating Instructions
• Fundamentals of positioning
• ND functions
Part II: Installation and Specifications
• Mounting the display unit on the machine
• Description of operating parameters
• Switching inputs, switching outputs
Fundamentals 4
Switch-On, Crossing Over the Reference Marks 10
Switching Between Operating Modes 11
Selecting Radius or Diameter Display 12
Separate Value/Sum Display (ND 970 only) 13
Datum Setting 14
Setting the absolute workpiece datum 14
Entering tool data (relative datums) 15
Resetting all axes to zero 16
Holding Positions 17
Moving the Axes with Distance-To-Go 18
Turning with Oversizes 20
Taper Calculator 22
Multipass Cycle 26
Program Input 28
Error Messages 31
Items Delivered 32
Part II: Installation and Specifications 33
Part I: Operating Instructions
3
Fundamentals
You can skip this chapter if you are already familiar with
coordinate systems, incremental and absolute dimensions,
nominal positions, actual positions and distance-to-go.
Coordinate system
Fundamentals
To describe the geometry of a workpiece, a rectangular or
coordinate system is used. The Cartesian coordinate system consists of
three mutually perpendicular axes X, Y and Z. The point of intersection
of these axes is called the datum or origin of the coordinate system.
Think of the axes as scales with divisions (usually in millimeters) that
allow us to fix points in space referenced to the datum.
To determine positions on a workpiece, the coordinate system is “laid”
onto the workpiece.
With lathe work (i.e., rotationally symmetrical workpieces), the Z axis
moves along the axis of rotation, and the X axis moves in the direction
of the radius or diameter. The Y axis can be disregarded since it would
always have the same values as the X axis.
Cartesian*
–X
+Y
+Z
–Z
Graduation
+X
Datum or
origin
–Y
X
Z
4
* Named in honor of the French mathematician and philosopher
René Descartes (1596 to 1650)
Z
Z
O
X
+Z
+X
+Z
O
Cross slide, saddle and top slide
On conventional lathes, the tool is mounted on a slide that moves in the
direction of the X axis (the cross slide) and in the direction of the Z axis
(the saddle).
Most lathes have a top slide above the saddle. The top slide moves in Z
axis direction and is designated Zo.
Fundamentals
5
Datum setting
The workpiece drawing is used as the basis for machining the
workpiece. To enable the dimensions in the drawing to be converted
into traverse distances of machine axes X and Z, each drawing
dimension requires a datum or reference point on the workpiece (since
a position can only be defined in relationship to another position).
The workpiece drawing always indicates one absolute datum (the
Fundamentals
datum for absolute dimensions). However, it may contain additional,
relative datums.
In the context of a numerical position display unit,
datum setting
bringing the workpiece and the tool into a defined position in relation to
each other and then setting the axis displays to the value which
corresponds to that position. This establishes a fixed relationship
between the actual positions of the axes and the displayed positions.
With the ND, you can set one absolute datum point and as many as 99
relative datum points (tool datums), and store them in nonvolatile
memory.
means
3530
Relative
datum
Absolute
datum
Z
5
10
X
6
Tool datums (tool compensation)
Your display unit should show you the absolute position of the
workpiece, regardless of the length and shape of the particular tool
being used. For this reason you must determine the tool data and enter
them. First touch the workpiece with the cutting edge of the tool and
then enter the associated display value for that position.
You can enter tool data for up to 99 tools. When you have set the
absolute workpiece datum for a new workpiece, all tool data (= relative
datum points) are referenced to the new workpiece datum.
Fundamentals
Nominal position, actual position and distance-to-go
The positions to which the tool is to move are called the nominal
S
positions (
given moment is called the actual position (I).
The distance from the nominal position to the actual position is called
the distance-to-go (
Sign for distance-to-go
When you are using the distance-to-go display, the nominal position
becomes the relative datum (display value 0). The distance-to-go is
therefore negative when you move in the positive axis direction, and
positive when you move in the negative axis direction.
). The position at which the tool is actually located at any
).
R
R
T1
T2
IS
T3
Z
X
7
Absolute workpiece positions
Each position on the workpiece is uniquely defined by its absolute
coordinates.
Example Absolute coordinates of position
Fundamentals
If you are working according to a workpiece drawing with absolute
dimensions, you are moving the tool to the coordinates.
Relative workpiece positions
A position can also be defined relative to the previous nominal position.
The datum for the dimension is then located at the previous nominal
position. Such coordinates are termed incremental coordinates or
chain dimensions. Incremental coordinates are indicated by a preceding
I.
Example Relative coordinate of position referenced to
If you are working according to a workpiece drawing with incremental
dimensions, you are moving the tool by the dimensions.
Sign for incremental dimensioning
A relative dimension has a positive sign when the axis is moved in the
positive direction, and a negative sign when it is moved in the negative
direction.
8
X = 5 mm
Z = –35 mm
position
IX = 10 mm
IZ = –30 mm
65
:
1
2
:
1
2
35
1
3530
1
0
Z
5
15
X
Z
5
10
X
Position encoders
The position encoders on the machine convert the movements of the
machine axes into electrical signals. The ND display unit evaluates
these signals, determines the actual position of the machine axes and
displays the position as a numerical value.
If the power is interrupted, the relationship between the machine axis
positions and the calculated actual positions is lost. The reference
marks on the position encoders and the REF reference mark evaluation
feature enable the ND to quickly re-establish this relationship again
when the power is restored.
Reference marks
The scales of the position encoders contain one or more reference
marks. When a reference mark is crossed over, a signal is generated
identifying that position as a reference point (scale datum = machine
datum).
When this reference mark is crossed over, the ND's reference mark
evaluation feature restores the relationship between axis slide positions
and display values as you last defined it by setting the datum. If the
linear encoders have distance-coded reference marks, you need only
move the machine axes a maximum of 20 mm to restore the datum.
Workpiece
Scale in
linear encoder
Z
Fundamentals
Encoder
Distance-coded
reference marks
Reference mark
9
Switch-On, Crossing Over the Reference Marks
➨➨
0
➨ 1
➨➨
REF ? ENT ...CL
ENT
PASS OVER REF.
Crossing over the reference marks stores the last relationship between
axis slide positions and display values for all datum points in nonvolatile
memory.
Note that if you choose not to cross over the reference marks (by
clearing the dialog REF ? with the CL key), this relationship will be
lost if the power is switched off or otherwise interrupted.
Switch-On, Crossing Over the Reference Marks
You must cross over the reference marks if you want to use
the multipoint axis error compensation feature.
(See “Multipoint Axis Error Compensation”)
Turn on the power (switch located on rear
panel). REF and decimal points blink.
Press ENT before crossing reference marks.
Cross over the reference marks in all axes (in any
sequence). Each axis display becomes active
when its reference mark is crossed over.
10
Switching Between Operating Modes
You can switch between the operating modes
Distance-To-Go, Special Functions, Program Input,
Set Tool Datum, Hold Position and Parameter Input
at any time simply by pressing another operating
mode key.
Switching Between Operating Modes
11
Selecting Radius or Diameter Display
Your ND can display positions in the cross slide as a diameter or as a
radius. Drawings of lathe parts usually indicate diameters. When you
are turning the part, however, you infeed the tool in the cross slide
axis in radius values.
Example Radius display, position X = 20 mm
Diameter display, position X = 40 mm
To switch the display
Z
¯40
1
20
X
➤ Press
R
x
When radius display for the X axis is selected, RX lights up.
When diameter display is selected, R
Selecting Radius or Diameter Display
12
goes out.
X
Separate Value/Sum Display (ND 970 only)
Separate value display
In this mode the positions of the saddle and top slide are displayed
separately. The position displays are referenced to the datum points
that you set for the Zo and Z axes. When an axis slide moves, only the
position display for that axis changes.
Sum display
In this mode the position values of both axis slides are added together.
The sum display shows the absolute position of the tool, referenced to
the workpiece datum.
40
Z
Z
0 +10 +25
Z
Z
0
Example Separate value display: Z = +25.000 mm
(see illustra-) Zo = +15.000 mm
tion at right) Sum display: Z
= +40.000 mm
S
The sum display will only show correct values if the actual
position values of both axis slides were correctly added and
entered (with sign) when setting the datum for the “sum.”
To switch over the display:
➤ Press
S
z
When the ND 970 displays sums, the Zo display is switched
off.
Z
0
Ð10
0 +15
Separate Value/Sum Display (ND 970 only)
13
Datum Setting
If you want datum points to be stored in nonvolatile memory,
you must first cross over the reference marks.
Note that the correct value to be entered for the datum in the
X axis depends on whether you have selected radius or
diameter display.
Datum Setting
You can set one absolute workpiece datum and data for up to 99 tools
(i.e., relative datums).
Setting the absolute workpiece datum
When you enter a new value for the absolute workpiece datum, all tool
data are then based on the new workpiece datum.
Touch the workpiece with the tool.
Z=0
Z
14
Z
DATUM Z =
ENT
0
Enter further axes in the same manner.
Select the axis, for example Z.
Enter the position of the tool tip (for example,
0 mm) and confirm with ENT.
To enter tool data (relative datums)
TOOL NUMBER =
ENT
3
SPEC
FCT
SET TOOL ?
ENT
SET TOOL Z =
ENT
0
Z
•
•
•
Select the tool.
Enter the tool number (for example 3)
and confirm with ENT.
Touch the workpiece with the tool.
Select Special Functions.
Select Set Tool and confirm with ENT.
Select the axis (for example Z), enter
the position of the tool tip (for example
0 mm), and confirm with ENT.
Touch the workpiece or turn the first
diameter.
SET TOOL Z =
X
the position of the tool tip (for example
Select the axis (for example X), enter
ENT
0
2
20 mm), and confirm with ENT.
To set additional tools, change the tool,
select a new tool number and enter
the data for the next tool.
2 x
SPEC
FCT
End the function.
• When you work with the sum display, also set the
tool data when the sum display is active (ND 970
only).
• Use the CL key to go back one level in the special
functions.
Datum Setting
15
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