PCM 80
Digital Effects
Processor User Guide
Unpacking and Inspection
After unpacking the PCM 80, save all packing materials in case you ever need to ship the unit. Thoroughly inspect the PCM 80 and packing materials for signs of damage. Report any shipment damage to the carrier at once; report equipment malfunction to your dealer.
Precautions
Save these instructions for later use.
Follow all instructions and warnings marked on the unit.
Always use with the correct line voltage. Refer to the manufacturer's operating instructions for power requirements. Be advised that different operating voltages may require the use of a different line cord and/or attachment plug.
Do not install the unit in an unventilated rack, or directly above heat producing equipment such as power amplifiers. Observe the maximum ambient operating temperature listed in the product specification.
Slots and openings on the case are provided for ventilation; to ensure reliable operation and prevent it from overheating, these openings must not be blocked or covered. Never push objects of any kind through any of the ventilation slots. Never spill a liquid of any kind on the unit.
This product is equipped with a 3-wire grounding type plug. This is a safety feature and should not be defeated.
Never attach audio power amplifier outputs directly to any of the unit's connectors.
To prevent shock or fire hazard, do not expose the unit to rain or moisture, or operate it where it will be exposed to water.
Do not attempt to operate the unit if it has been dropped, damaged, exposed to liquids, or if it exhibits a distinct change in performance indicating the need for service.
This unit should only be opened by qualified service personnel. Removing covers will expose you to hazardous voltages.
This triangle, which appears on your component, alerts you to the presence of uninsulated, dangerous voltage inside the enclosure... voltage that may be sufficient to constitute a risk of shock.
Notice
CAUTION
RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
DO NOT OPEN
This triangle, which appears on your component, alerts you to important operating and maintenance instructions in this accompanying literature.
This equipment generates and uses radio frequency energy and if not installed and used properly, that is, in strict accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, may cause interference to radio and television reception. It has been type tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B computing device in accordance with the specifications in Subpart J of Part 15 of FCC Rules, which are designated to provide reasonable protection against such interference in a residential installation. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment OFF and ON, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
Reorient the receiving antenna
Relocate the computer with respect to the receiver Move the computer away from the receiver
Plug the computer into a different outlet so that the computer and receiver are on different branch circuits.
If necessary, the user should consult the dealer or an experienced radio/television technician for additional suggestions. The user may find the following booklet prepared by the Federal Communications Commission helpful:
"How to identify and Resolve Radio/TV Interference Problems."
This booklet is available from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402, Stock No. 004-000-00345-4.
Le présent appareil numérique n'émet pas de bruits radioélectriques dépassant les limites applicables aux appareils numériques de la class B prescrites dans le Règlement sur le brouillage radioélectrique édicté par le ministère des Communications du Canada.
Copyright ©1997 |
Lexicon Inc. |
3 Oak Park |
|
All Rights Reserved. |
Bedford MA 01730-1441 |
|
Telephone 781-280-0300 |
Lexicon Part # 070-11263 Rev 1 |
Fax 781-280-0490 |
PCM 80
Digital Effects
Processor User Guide
Dansk
Vigtig information om sikkerhed
Gem denne vejledning til senere brug.
Følg alle anvisninger og advarsler på apparatet.
Apparatet skal altid tilsluttes den korrekte spænding. Der henvises til brugsanvisningen, der indeholder specifikationer for strømforsyning. Der gøres opmærksom på, at ved varierende driftsspændinger kan det blive nødvendigt at bruge andre ledningsog/eller stiktyper.
Apparatet må ikke monteres i et kabinet uden ventilation eller lige over andet udstyr, der udvikler varme, f.eks. forstærkere. Den maksimale omgivelsestemperatur ved drift, der står opført i specifikationerne, skal overholdes.
Der er ventilationsåbninger i kabinettet. For at sikre apparatets drift og hindre overophedning må disse åbninger ikke blokeres eller tildækkes. Stik aldrig noget ind igennem ventilationsåbningerne, og pas på aldrig at spilde nogen form for væske på apparatet.
Dette apparat er forsynet med et stik med jordforbindelse. Denne sikkerhedsforanstaltning må aldrig omgås.
Udgangsstik fra audioforstærkere må aldrig sættes direkte i apparatet.
Apparatet må ikke udsættes for regn eller fugt og må ikke bruges i nærheden af vand for at undgå risiko for elektrisk stød og brand.
Apparatet må aldrig bruges, hvis det er blevet stødt, beskadiget eller vådt, eller hvis ændringer i ydelsen tyder på, at det trænger til eftersyn.
Dette apparat må kun åbnes af fagfolk. Hvis dækslet tages af, udsættes man for livsfarlig højspænding.
Denne mærkatpå komponenten advarer om uisoleret,farlig spænding i apparatet ... høj nok til at give elektrisk stød.
Denne mærkat på komponenten advarer om vigtig driftsog vedligeholdsinformation i den tilhørende litteratur.
Norsk
Viktig informasjon om sikkerhet
Ta vare på denne veiledningen for senere bruk.
Følg alle anvisningene og advarslene som er angitt på apparatet.
Apparatet skal alltid anvendes med korrekt spenning. Produktbeskrivelsen inneholder spesifikasjoner for strømkrav. Vær oppmerksom på at det ved ulike driftsspenninger kan være nødvendig å bruke en annen ledningog/ eller støpseltype.
Apparatet skal ikke monteres i skap uten ventilasjon, eller direkte over varmeproduserende utstyr, som for eksempel kraftforsterkere. Den maksimale romtemperaturen som står oppgitt i produktbeskrivelsen, skal overholdes.
Apparatet er utstyrt med ventilasjonsåpninger. For at apparatet skal være pålitelig i bruk og ikke overopphetes, må disse åpningene ikke blokkeres eller tildekkes. Stikk aldri noe inn i ventilasjonsåpningene, og pass på at det aldri søles noen form for væske på apparatet.
Dette apparatet er utstyrt med et jordet støpsel. Dette er en sikkerhetsforanstaltning som ikke må forandres.
Utgangsplugger fra audioforsterkere skal aldri koples direkte til apparatet.
Unngå brannfare og elektrisk støt ved å sørge for at apparatet ikke utsettes for regn eller fuktighet og ikke anvendes i nærheten av vann.
Apparatet skal ikke brukes hvis det har blitt utsatt for støt, er skadet eller blitt vått, eller hvis endringer i ytelsen tyder på at det trenger service.
Dette apparatet skal kun åpnes av fagfolk. Hvis dekselet fjernes, utsettes man for livsfarlig høyspenning.
Komponenten er merket med denne trekanten, som er en advarsel om at det finnes uisolert, farlig spenning inne i kabinettet ... høy nok til å utgjøre en fare for elektrisk støt.
Komponenten er merket med denne trekanten, som betyr at den tilhørende litteraturen inneholder viktige opplysninger om drift og vedlikehold.
Suomi
Tärkeitä turvallisuusohjeita
Säilytä nämä ohjeet tulevaa käyttöä varten.
Seuraa kaikkia yksikköön merkittyjä ohjeita ja varoituksia.
Käytä aina oikeaa verkkojännitettä. Tehovaatimukset selviävät valmistajan käyttöohjeista. Huomaa, että eri käyttöjännitteet saattavat vaatia toisenlaisen verkkojohdon ja/tai -pistokkeen käytön.
Älä asenna yksikköä telineeseen jossa ei ole tuuletusta, tai välittömästi lämpöä tuottavien laitteiden, esim. tehovahvistimien, yläpuolelle. Ympäristön lämpötila käytössä ei saa ylittää tuotespesifikaation maksimilämpötilaa.
Kotelo on varustettu tuuletusreiillä ja -aukoilla. Luotettavan toiminnan varmistamiseksi ja ylilämpenemisen välttämiseksi näitä aukkoja ei saa sulkea tai peittää. Mitään esineitä ei saa työntää tuuletusaukkoihin. Mitään nesteitä ei saa kaataa yksikköön.
Tuote on varustettu 3-johtimisella maadoitetulla verkkopistokkeella. Tämä on turvallisuustoiminne eikä sitä saa poistaa.
Älä kytke audiotehovahvistimen lähtöjä suoraan mihinkään yksikön liittimeen.
Sähköiskun ja palovaaran välttämiseksi yksikkö ei saa olla sateessa tai kosteassa, eikä sitä saa käyttää märässä ympäristössä.
Älä käytä yksikköä jos se on pudonnut, vaurioitunut, kostunut, tai jos sen suorituskyky on huomattavasti muuttunut, mikä vaatii huoltoa.
Yksikön saa avata vain laitteeseen perehtynyt huoltohenkilö. Kansien poisto altistaa sinut vaarallisille jännitteille.
Tämä kolmio, joka esiintyy komponentissasi, varoittaa sinua eristämättömän vaarallisen jännitteen esiintymisestä yksikön sisällä. Tämä jännite saattaa olla riittävän korkea aiheuttamaan sähköiskuvaaran.
Tämä kolmio, joka esiintyy komponentissasi, kertoo sinulle, että tässä tuotedokumentoinnissa esiintyy tärkeitä käyttöja ylläpitoohjeita.
Svenska
Viktiga säkerhetsföreskrifter
Spara dessa föreskrifter för framtida bruk.
Följ alla anvisningar och varningar som anges på enheten.
Använd alltid rätt nätspänning. Se tillverkarens bruksanvisningar för information om effektkrav. Märkväl, att andra matningsspänningar eventuellt kräver att en annan typs nätsladd och/eller kontakt används.
Installera inte enheten i ett oventilerat stativ, eller direkt ovanför utrustningar som avger värme, t ex effektförstärkare. Se till att omgivningens temperatur vid drift inte överskrider det angivna värdet i produktspecifikationen.
Behållaren är försedd med hål och öppningar för ventilering. För att garantera tillförlitlig funktion och förhindra överhettning får dessa öppningar inte blockeras ellertäckas. Inga föremål får skuffas in genom ventilationshålen. Inga vätskor får spillas på enheten.
Produkten är försedd med en jordad 3-trådskontakt. Detta är en säkerhetsfunktion som inte får tas ur bruk.
Anslut aldrig audioeffektförstärkarutgångar direkt till någon av enhetens kontakter.
För att undvika elstöt eller brandfara får enheten inte utsättas för regn eller fukt, eller användas på ställen där den blir våt.
Använd inte enheten om den har fallit i golvet, skadats, blivit våt, eller om dess prestanda förändrats märkbart, vilket kräver service.
Enheten får öppnas endast av behörig servicepersonal. Farliga spänningar blir tillgängliga när locken tas bort.
Denna triangel, som visas på din komponent, varnar dig om en oisolerad farlig spänning inne i enheten. Denna spänning är eventuellt så hög att fara för elstöt föreligger.
Denna triangel, som visas på din komponent, anger att viktiga bruksanvisningar och serviceanvisningar ingår i dokumentationen i fråga.
Deutsch
Wichtige Sicherheitsanweisungen
Heben Sie sich diese Sicherheitsanweisungen auch für später auf.
Befolgen Sie alle auf der Vorrichtung stehenden Anweisungen und Warnungen.
Immer nur mit der richtigen Spannung verwenden! Die Gebrauchsanweisungen des Herstellers informieren Sie über die elektrischen Anforderungen. Vergessen Sie nicht daß bei verschiedenen Betriebsspannungen ggf. auch verschiedene Leitungskabel und/oder Verbindungsstecker zu verwenden sind.
Stellen Sie die Vorrichtung nicht in ein unbelüftetes Gestell oder unmittelbar über wärmeerzeugende Geräte wie z.B. Tonverstärker. Halten Sie die in den Produktspezifikationen angegebene maximale Umgebungstemperatur bei Betrieb ein.
Schlitze und Öffnungen im Gehäuse dienen der Belüfung; um verläßlichen Betrieb sicherzustellen und Überheizen zu vermeiden dürfen diese Öffnungen nich verstopft oder abgedeckt werden. Stecken Sie nie irgend einen Gegenstand durch die Belüftungsschlitze. Vergießen Sie keine Flüssigkeiten auf den Apparat.
Dieses Produkt is mit einem 3-drahtigen Erdungsstecker ausgerüstet. Diese Sicherheitsmaßnahme darf nicht unwirksam gemacht werden.
Schließen Sie nie Tonverstärker unmittelbar an einen Anschluß des Apparates an.
Um elektrischen Schlag oder Feuer zu vermeiden, setzen Sie den Apparat weder Regen noch Feuchtigkeit aus und betreiben Sie ihn nicht dort wo Wasser eindringen könnte.
Versuchen Sie nicht den Apparat zu betreiben falls er fallen gelassen, beschädigt, oder Flüssigkeiten ausgesetzt wurde, oder falls sich seine Arbeitsweise derart ändert daß daraus ein Bedarf nach Raparatur zu schließen ist.
Dieser Apparat sollte nur von qualifizierten Fachleuten geöffnet werden. Das Abnehmen von Abdeckungen setzt Sie gefährlichen Spannungen aus.
Dieses Dreieck auf Ihrem Apparat warnt Sie vor nicht-isolierter, gefährlicher Spannung im Gehäuse ... stark genug um eine Berührungsgefahr darzustellen.
Dieses Dreieck auf Ihrem Apparat bedeutet daß wichtige Betriebsund Wartungsanweisungen in der mitgelieferten Dokumentation zu finden sind.
Español
Instrucciones importantes de seguridad
Guarde esta instrucciones para uso posterior.
Utilice siempre el voltaje correcto. Diríjase a las instrucciones de operación del fabricante para obtener las especificaciones de potencia. Esté al tanto de que voltajes de operación distintos requieren el uso de cables y/o enchufes distintos.
No instale esta unidad en un estante sin ventilación, ni tampoco directamente encima de equipos que generen calor tales como amplificadores de potencia. Fíjese en las temperaturas ambientales máximas de operación que se mencionan en las especificaciones del producto.
Las aperturas y ranuras del chasis sirven para proveer la ventilación necesaria para operar la unidad con seguridad y para prevenir sobrecalentamiento, y por lo tanto no pueden ser obstruidas o cubiertas. No introduzca objetos de ningún tipo a través de las ranuras de ventilación, y nunca deje caer ningún líquido sobre la unidad.
Este producto está equipado con un enchufe de 3 clavijas con conexión a tierra. Éste es un elemento de seguridad que no debe ser eliminado.
Nuncaconecte ningún tipo de salidade amplificadores desonido directamente a los conectores de la unidad.
Para prevenir descargas eléctricas o incendios, mantenga la unidad alejada de la lluvia, humedad o cualquier lugar en el que pueda entrar en contacto con agua.
No trate de hacer funcionar la unidad si se ha caído, está dañada, ha entrado en contacto con líquidos, o si nota cualquier cambio brusco en su funcionamiento que indique la necesidad de hacerle un servicio de mantenimiento.
Esta unidad deberá ser abierta únicamente por personal calificado. Si usted quita las coberturas se expondrá a voltajes peligrosos.
Este triángulo que aparece en su componente le advierte sobre la existencia dentro del chasis de voltajes peligrosos sin aislantes ...
voltajes que son lo suficientemente grandes como para causar electrocución.
Este triángulo que aparece en su componente lo alerta sobre las instrucciones de operación y mantenimiento importantes que están en los materiales de lectura que se incluyen.
Français
Instructions de Sûreté Importantes
Gardez ces instructions pour réference future.
Observez toutes les instructions et tous les avertissements marqués sur l’appareil.
Branchez uniquements sur un réseau de tension indiquée. Consultez le manuel d’instruction du fabriquant pour les spécifications de courant. N’oubliez pas que différentes tensions peuvent nécessiter l’utilisation de cables et/ou de fiches de connexion différents.
N’installez pas l’appareil en un compartiment non-aéré ou directement audessus d’équipements générateurs de chaleur, tels qu’amplificateurs de courants, etc. Ne dépassez pas la température ambiante maximale de fonctionnement indiquée dans les spécifications du produit.
Des fentes et ouvertures sont prévues dans le boîtier pour l’aération; Pour assurer le bon fonctionnement et pour prévenir l’échauffement, cesouvertures ne doivent pas être couvertes ou bloquées. N’insérez pas d’objets dans les fentes d’aération. Empêchez tout liquide de se répandre sur l’appareil.
Ce produit est muni d’une fiche à trois fils pour la mise à terre. Ceci est une mesure de sécurité et ne doit pas être contrariée.
Ne connectez jamais d’amplificateurs audio directement aux connecteurs de l’appareil.
Pour empêcher les chocs électriques et le danger d’incendie, évitez d’exposer l’appareil à la pluie ou à l’humidité, et ne le mettez pas en marche en un endroit où il serait exposé aux éclaboussures d’eau.
N’essayez pas de faire fonctionner l’appareil s’il est tombé à terre, a été endommangé, exposé à un liquide, ou si vous observez des différences nettes dans son fonctionnement, indiquant la nécessité de réparations.
Cet appareil ne doit être ouvert que par un personnel de service qualifié. En enlevant les couvercles vous vous exposez à des tensions électriques dangereuses.
Ce triangle, sur votre appareil vous avertit de la présence de tension dangereuse, non-isolée à l’intérieur du boîtier...une tension suffisante pour représenter un danger d’électrocution.
Ce triangle sur sur votre appareil vous invite de suivre d’importantes instructions d’utilisation et d’entretien dans la documentation livrée avec le produit.
Italiano
Importanti norme di sicurezza
Conservare le presenti norme per l’utilizzo futuro.
Osservare tutte le istruzioni e le avvertenze apposte sull’unità.
Utilizzare esclusivamente con la tensione di rete corretta. Consultare le istruzioni operative fornite dal fabbricante per i dati riguardanti la tensione e l’assorbimento di corrente. Potrebbe essere necessario l’uso di cavi di rete e/o di spine diverse a seconda della tensione utilizzata.
Non installare l’unità in uno scaffale privo di ventilazione oppure direttamente sopra una fonte di calore, come, ad esempio, un amplificatore. Non superare la temperatura ambientale massima di funzionamento riportata nei dati tecnici del prodotto.
Le fessure e le altre aperture nella scatola servono alla ventilazione. Per un funzionamento affidabile, e per evitare un eventuale surriscaldamento, queste aperture non vanno ostruite o coperte in nessun modo. Evitare in tutti i casidi inserire oggetti di qualsiasi genere attraverso le fessure di ventilazione. Non versare mai del liquido di nessun tipo sull’unità.
Questo prodotto viene fornito con una spina a 3 fili con massa. Tale dispositivo di sicurezza non va eliminato.
Evitare sempre di collegare le uscite dell’amplificatore audio direttamente ai connettori dell’unità.
Per prevenire il pericolo di folgorazione e di incendio non esporre l’unità alla pioggia o ad un’umidità eccessiva; evitare di adoperare l’unità dove potrebbe entrare in contatto con acqua.
Evitare di adoperare l’unità se la stessa è stata urtata violentemente, se ha subito un danno, se è stata esposta ad un liquido o in caso di un evidente cambiamento delle prestazioni che indichi la necessità di un intervento di assistenza tecnica.
Ogni intervento sull’unità vaeseguito esclusivamente da personale qualificato. La rimozione della copertura comporta l’esposizione al pericolo di folgorazione.
Il presente triangolo impresso sul componente avverte della presenza di tensioni pericolose non isolate all’interno della copertura... tali tensioni rappresentano un pericolo di folgorazione
Il presente triangolo impresso sul componente avverte l’utente della presenza nella documentazione allegata di importanti istruzioni relative al funzionamento ed alla manutenzione.
Contents
Introduction |
|
1. Product Overview |
|
Block Diagram .................................................................................... |
1-1 |
Front Panel Overview ......................................................................... |
1-2 |
Rear Panel Overview .......................................................................... |
1-3 |
Installation Notes ................................................................................ |
1-4 |
Mounting ...................................................................................... |
1-4 |
Power Requirements .................................................................... |
1-4 |
Audio Connections ....................................................................... |
1-4 |
Control Connections ..................................................................... |
1-4 |
Setting Audio Levels .................................................................... |
1-5 |
Headroom Display • Overload • Setting Analog and Digital |
|
Input Level • Setting Output Level |
|
Configurations .............................................................................. |
1-7 |
Memory Cards .............................................................................. |
1-8 |
Memory Expansion ...................................................................... |
1-8 |
2. Basic Operation |
|
Modes of Operation ............................................................................ |
2-1 |
Navigating a Matrix ...................................................................... |
2-2 |
Info ............................................................................................... |
2-3 |
Control Mode ...................................................................................... |
2-4 |
Program and Register Banks ........................................................... |
2-17 |
Tempo Mode .................................................................................... |
2-19 |
Editing an Effect ............................................................................... |
2-22 |
The Soft Knob ............................................................................ |
2-22 |
The Soft Row ............................................................................. |
2-23 |
Compare .................................................................................... |
2-24 |
Bypass ....................................................................................... |
2-24 |
Store operations ......................................................................... |
2-25 |
Turning Memory Protection Off • Storing an Effect |
|
Renaming the Effect • Renaming the ADJUST Knob Patch |
|
Selecting a Bank and Register Location |
|
The Full Edit Matrix .................................................................... |
2-27 |
Creating a Soft Row |
|
Patching ..................................................................................... |
2-30 |
About Sources • The Patch Row • Assigning a Source |
|
Patch Sources • Assigning a Destination • Assigning |
|
Values • Jump • Patching Examples • Multiple Patches |
|
with the Same Destination • Mod Row Patching |
|
Contents, cont'd. 3. The Algorithms and their Parameters |
|
About the Algorithms .......................................................................... |
3-1 |
The 4-Voice Algorithms ...................................................................... |
3-2 |
The Reverb Shell ......................................................................... |
3-2 |
Concert Hall ................................................................................. |
3-3 |
Plate ............................................................................................. |
3-4 |
Chamber ...................................................................................... |
3-5 |
Inverse ......................................................................................... |
3-6 |
Infinite ........................................................................................... |
3-7 |
The 6-Voice Algorithms ...................................................................... |
3-8 |
Glide>Hall .................................................................................... |
3-9 |
Chorus+Rvb ............................................................................... |
3-10 |
M-Band+Rvb .............................................................................. |
3-12 |
The Resonant Chord Algorithms Res1>Plate and Res2>Plate . 3-14 |
|
The Parameters ................................................................................ |
3-16 |
Chorus ........................................................................................ |
3-16 |
Controls ...................................................................................... |
3-17 |
Delay Time ................................................................................. |
3-19 |
Feedback/Cross-Feedback ........................................................ |
3-21 |
Filters ......................................................................................... |
3-22 |
Glide FX ..................................................................................... |
3-22 |
Levels ......................................................................................... |
3-23 |
Modulation .................................................................................. |
3-24 |
Panning ...................................................................................... |
3-28 |
Patching ..................................................................................... |
3-29 |
Pitch ........................................................................................... |
3-30 |
Resonance ................................................................................. |
3-34 |
Reverb Design ........................................................................... |
3-34 |
Reverb Time ............................................................................... |
3-36 |
4. The Presets |
|
Program Bank 0 .................................................................................. |
4-2 |
Multi Effects (0.0-1.9) ................................................................... |
4-2 |
Modulation Effects (2.0-3.5) ......................................................... |
4-3 |
Special Effects (3.6-4.9) ............................................................... |
4-5 |
Program Bank 1 .................................................................................. |
4-6 |
Rhythmic Echo and Delay Effects (0.0-3.6) ................................. |
4-6 |
Ambience Effects (3.7-4.9) ......................................................... |
4-10 |
Program Bank 2 ................................................................................ |
4-11 |
EQ Effects (0.0-1.0) ................................................................... |
4-11 |
Spatial Effects (1.1-2.4) .............................................................. |
4-12 |
Gain Effects (2.5-4.0) ................................................................. |
4-13 |
Resonant Chords (4.1-4.9) ......................................................... |
4-15 |
Program Bank 3 ................................................................................ |
4-16 |
Reverb Effects (0.0-2.8) ............................................................. |
4-16 |
Processed Reverb Effects (2.9-3.9) ........................................... |
4-18 |
Remix Effects (4.0-4.9) .............................................................. |
4-19 |
Alphabetical Index of Presets ........................................................... |
4-21 |
5. MIDI Operation |
Contents, cont'd. |
Selecting a MIDI Channel ................................................................... |
5-1 |
Controlling PCM 80 Tempo Rate with MIDI Clock .............................. |
5-2 |
MIDI Tempo Control • Using the PCM 80 as a MIDI Control |
|
Source • Slaving two or more PCM 80s |
|
Controller Quirks ................................................................................. |
5-4 |
The ADJUST Knob, Foot Pedal, Foot Sw 1 and Foot Sw 2 as |
|
MIDI controllers ............................................................................ |
5-4 |
Controlling the Soft Knob with MIDI • Controlling the Soft Knob |
|
with a Foot Pedal |
|
Program Change Messages ............................................................... |
5-5 |
Automation ......................................................................................... |
5-7 |
Bulk Data Dumps ................................................................................ |
5-8 |
MIDI Implementation Chart ................................................................. |
5-9 |
6. |
Troubleshooting |
|
|
Low Voltage ........................................................................................ |
6-2 |
|
Overheating ........................................................................................ |
6-2 |
|
Common MIDI Problems .................................................................... |
6-2 |
|
Operational Problems ......................................................................... |
6-3 |
|
Power On Behavior ............................................................................ |
6-3 |
|
Reinitialization .................................................................................... |
6-3 |
|
Restoring Factory Default Settings ..................................................... |
6-4 |
7. |
Specifications |
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Thank you for your purchase of the PCM 80, one of Lexicon’s most powerful and |
Introduction |
versatile digital effects processors. The PCM 80 brings you exciting new effects |
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with extensive processing and control capabilities, and uncompromising sonic |
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clarity. |
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The PCM 80 contains a built-in library of 200 preset programs that provide a |
The Presets |
comprehensive array of effects ranging from beautiful and lush to completely |
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wild. The presets are organized into 4 Banks of 50, and functionally grouped for |
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a wide range of applications. Be sure to experiment with all 200 presets to get |
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a feel for the full range of PCM 80 capabilities.
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Bank P0 |
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Bank P1 |
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Bank P2 |
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Bank P3 |
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Multi Effects |
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Rhythmic Echo |
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EQ Effects |
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Reverb Effects |
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Modulation Effects |
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& Delay Effects |
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Spatial Effects |
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Processed Reverb |
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Special Effects |
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Ambience Effects |
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Gain Effects |
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Effects |
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Resonant Chord Effects |
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Remix Effects |
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Every preset has one or more of its parameters patched to the front panel ADJUST knob, giving you instant control over the primary aspect of the effect
— without going into Edit mode. In the preset, Concert Hall, for example, Mid Reverb Time is patched to ADJUST. When you turn the knob, you will adjust the reverb decay. In Prime Blue, ADJUST is patched to several parameters, so that turning the knob changes the effect from a tight chorus, to a chorus with recirculating echoes and, finally, into a reverb.
The PCM 80 uses 10 stereo algorithms to create different types of effects. Each The Algorithms algorithm includes an uncompromised stereo reverb effect, as well as several
voices of additional stereo effects. There are two general classes of algorithm: 4-Voice and 6-Voice. The 4-Voice algorithms: Concert Hall, Plate, Chamber, Inverse and Infinite each combine a specific type of reverberation with a 4-voice, general purpose, stereo effect “toolbox”, as well as additional post-processing for the reverb. The 6-Voice algorithms: Glide>Hall, Chorus+Rvb, M-Band+Rvb, Res1>Plate and Res2>Plate each combine a specific type of reverberation with a specialized 6-voice stereo effect.
All PCM 80 algorithms include several parameters that make it possible to create dynamic spatialization effects for 2-channel or surround applications. Check out the Ambience Effects in Bank P1 and the Spatial Effects in Bank P2 for examples.
The PCM 80 gives you a unique set of tempo controls.Tempos can be tapped Tempo Control in with the front panel Tap button (or an assigned controller) or “dialed-in”, in
BPM (beats per minute) on the display. The PCM 80 also lets you generate MIDI clock from your tempo, as well as receive MIDI tempo from an external sequencer or drum machine. In the PCM 80, tempo can control LFO speeds and Time Switch controls, as well as all delay parameters, ensuring that all of your modulations are in tempo with your music. You can even set independent rhythmic values for different parameters within a single program.
Editing
Expansion
User Interface
Tempo can be set and displayed in either rhythmic value or time values. Many presets, particularly the Rhythmic Echo & Delay Effects in Program Bank P1, have delay times assigned to Tap tempo. Try loading some of these and pressing Tap twice in rhythm to change tempo.
An enormous range of editing control is provided for each algorithm, with parameters organized in an edit matrix of as many as 100 main controls. In addition to providing this powerful sound design capability, the PCM 80 also allows you to customize these controls for your day-to-day editing needs, or to use a subset of controls specially designed for each preset.
The PCM 80 has two levels of Edit Mode control called Go mode and Pro mode. In Go mode, the most useful parameters within an effect are grouped for instant access via the front panel Edit button. Each preset has a specially selected set of Go mode parameters which let you make value changes to the effect without losing the character of the sound. Pro mode gives you access to the full parameter editing matrix for the algorithm of any loaded effect when you press Edit. In this mode, you can access a complete set of Modulation and Patching parameters, create your own ADJUST knob patch and assign your own Go mode parameters.
A unique Patching and Modulation system provides unprecedented control over your effects, with a versatile set of internal modulators: LFO, AR Envelope, Envelope Follower, Latch and Time Switches. These allow you to create modulation sweeps which move in time with music, or wildly animated effects. You can create as many as 10 patches per effect, each with as many as 8 pivot points. You can patch multiple parameters to a single controller, or patch multiple sources to a single destination.
The front panel memory slot will accept industry standard PCMCIA SRAM cards (up to 1Meg). Use these cards to store effects (as many as 2350 on a 1 Meg card), system setups, MIDI program maps, and more.
PCM 80 internal audio memory can be expanded from a maximum stereo delay time of 2.6 seconds to more than 42 seconds by installing 4Meg memory modules (SIMMs).
For all of its programming power and flexibility, you’ll find the PCM 80 simple to use. The large, 2-line fluorescent display is easy to see from any angle whether the surroundings are bright or dark. Separate SELECT and ADJUST knobs make program loading and editing quick and easy. We’ve even designed in a special Info mode — press and hold any button to find out what its function is, or to get status information such as the name of the running effect, current tempo rate, etc.
To get the most out of the PCM 80, we suggest that you invest the time to explore this manual. We think you’ll agree that the time spent investigating will reward you with enjoyment of its full capabilities.
Product Overview
1
Product Overview
Block Diagram
1-1
PCM 80 User Guide |
Lexicon |
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The Front Panel
Headroom
5-position indicator for analog and digital signal levels and overload conditions.
INPUT
Adjusts analog input level.
Up/Down
Press to move up and down through a program, register, or parameter matrix.
Program Banks
Enables selection of factory presets. Press repeatedly to cycle selection of 4 internal preset banks. Press and hold to display the name of the current bank.
Load/
In Program or Register mode, loads the selected program. In Edit mode, scrolls through any multi-field parameter.
Display
Two rows of 20 alphanumeric characters display effect names and ID numbers, and parameter names and values.
Register Banks
Enables selection of user memory. If a RAM card is loaded into the Memory Card slot, each press of this button selects a new register bank. Press and hold to display the name of the current bank.
Store
Initiates register store function.
ADJUST
In Edit mode, changes values of parameters chosen with SELECT. With Program Banks or Register Banks selected, behaves as a soft knob for patched parameters.
Edit
Enables parameter selection for editing of values.
Compare
Active in Program, Register, and Edit modes. Press to compare the active version of the current effect with the most recently stored version.
SELECT
Scrolls through presets, registers or parameters. With Program Bank or Register Bank selected, scrolls through the 50 programs in the selected bank. With Edit selected, scrolls only through the parameters of the active row.
Control
Enables selection of system and global parameters.
Bypass
Bypasses or mutes audio, depending on the setting of each program's bypass parameter.
POWER
On/Off.
Memory Card
Slot for optional preset ROM or register RAM cards. Press Eject button to remove card.
Tempo
Press to display tempo rate and to initiate tempo functions. LED flashes in time with current tempo rate.
Tap
Sets tempo. Press twice in rhythm to establish tempo rate. Press once to reset LFO.
1-2
Product Overview
The Rear Panel
S/PDIF
S/PDIF format digital connectors conform to CP-340 Type II and IEC-958 consumer standards.
AC Power |
MIDI |
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Standard 3-pin IEC |
IN |
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power connector. 100- |
Receives |
MIDI |
infor- |
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240V, 50-60Hz auto- |
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other |
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matic switching to cor- |
MIDI equipment such |
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rect voltage range. |
as master |
keyboard |
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controllers, |
MIDI foot |
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controllers, |
sequen- |
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cers and synthesizers. |
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THRU |
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Passes any MIDI data |
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received |
without |
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change. |
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OUT
Transmits MIDI data to other equipment.
Balanced Outputs
Output impedance is 125Ω, each side, balanced, and levels up to +18dBu maximum full scale. 1/4" phone connectors and XLRs provided.
Footswitch
1/4" Tip/Ring/Sleeve phone jack for two independent momentary footswitches
Input Level
2-position (In/Out) switch for matching input gain to the source being used. In position adds 20dB of input gain (unbalanced) to the input stages. Out position provides 0dB of gain (balanced).
Foot Controller
1/4" Tip/Ring/Sleeve phone jack provided for footpedal with 10kΩ to 100Ω impedance.
Balanced Inputs
Combined 3 pole XLR and 1/4" jacks, electronically balanced.
Input impedance is 50kΩ unbalanced, and 100kΩ balanced. Inputs accept input levels from -22dBu to +20dBu.
1-3
PCM 80 User Guide |
Lexicon |
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Installation Notes
Mounting
Power Requirements
Audio Connections
Control Connections
The PCM 80 uses one EIA-standard rack space, and can be mounted on any level surface or in a standard 19 inch (483 mm) rack. If the PCM 80 is mounted in a rack or road case, support the rear of the chassis to prevent possible damage from mechanical shock and vibration.
The maximum ambient operating temperature is 104°F (40°C). Provide adequate ventilation if the PCM 80 is mounted in a closed rack with heat-producing equipment such as power amplifiers.
The PCM 80 is equipped with a 3-pin IEC power connector and detachable cord.
The PCM 80 will operate with power sources from 100 to 240 volts AC, 50-60Hz. Power switching to actual line voltage is automatic.
Analog Audio
For best performance, maintain balanced connections, and use high-quality, low-capacitance, twisted-shielded pair cable.
When connecting to single-ended, unbalanced devices, connect the low side to signal ground at the unbalanced piece of equipment. Output level does not change when connected to an unbalanced input.
Mono Applications
Use a Y-connector inserted at the analog inputs and outputs to have the signal summed to mono.
NOTE
Be careful to keep input and output to all channels wired consistently. Out-of- phase wiring can produce audible effects.
Digital Audio
S/PDIF (CP-340 Type II) Consumer Digital Audio I/O. 75Ω coaxial cable suited for digital audio or video signals is required. Audio grade cable is not suitable.
Footswitch/Foot Controller
One 1/4 inch T/R/S phone jack is provided for 2 momentary footswitches. Another 1/4 inch T/R/S phone jack is provided for a footpedal (minimum 100Ω to maximum 10k impedance). Normally open or normally closed momentary switches are suitable. At power on, the PCM 80 assumes the switch is off. Use shielded, twisted-pair cable with shield connected to sleeve. See diagram on previous page.
MIDI
5-pin DIN connectors are provided for MIDI IN, THRU and OUT. Use standard 5-pin DIN MIDI cable assemblies, available from your local dealer.
1-4
Product Overview
The PCM 80, with both analog and digital input and output connections, requires Setting Audio Levels some attention to proper setting of signal level.
Analog inputs are first gain-conditioned by the rear panel input gain switch, and then by the front panel INPUT knob. Proper setting of both the switch and knob are important for best performance of the A/D converter. Audio data from the A/ D converter is level adjusted by the Analog Lvl parameter before reaching the effects processors. Digital inputs are also level adjusted before reaching the effects processors via the Digital Lvl parameter.
Analog and digital sources are mixed at the input to the effects processors. For example, setting both Analog Lvl and Digital Lvl to 50% will mix the analog and digital input signals equally and send them to the effects. Creating a mix which exceeds 100% can cause overload.
Proper setting of Input level on the PCM 80 is dependent on:
•Proper signal level into the analog front end to avoid signals causing overload at the DSP input
•Proper adjustment of the signal level into the analog-to-digital converter to optimize noise and avoid overload
•Proper setting of signal level into the digital signal processor to optimize noise.
Headroom Display
The headroom display provides both headroom and overload information from a variety of measurement points. The meters display the sum of both the analog and the digital input data. Examining either the analog or the digital level alone requires that the Level parameter of the subject data stream be set to 100%, while the Level parameter of the other is set to 0%.
The chart below illustrates the adjustment range that will set input levels for both balanced and unbalanced operation.When a choice can be made, it is best to operate at the higher amplitude end of the recommended range to optimize noise performance.
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Unbalanced |
Balanced |
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overload: |
> 0dBu |
>+20dBu |
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0dBu to -22dBu |
+20dBu to -2dBu |
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too low (noisy): |
<-22dBu |
<-2dBu |
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Overload
The 0db (overload) indicators will light under the following conditions:
•A/D overload
•overload at any point in effects processing
For example, internal peaking of high Q filters, or level buildup from certain reverberation modes can result in overload, even when the input A/D or digital receiver data stream is not at full scale. Such conditions are most often caused by a combination of extreme parameter settings. Adjusting parameter/level settings can eliminate these overload conditions.
1-5
PCM 80 User Guide |
Lexicon |
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Setting Analog and Digital Input Level
1.Press Control.
2.Press Up or Down until the leftmost digit in the lower lefthand corner of the display is 0.
3.Turn SELECT to 0.2 Dig In Lvl, and turn ADJUST to display 0%.
NOTE: If you are not running digital audio, controlled by External Clock, into the PCM 80, the digital audio input will be disabled or muted. Until there is valid digital audio input, select 0.0 External to enable the digital input level control. Until valid digital audio is connected, the Dig In Lvl control will remain muted.
4.Turn SELECT to 0.1 Analog In Lvl, and turn ADJUST to display 100%.
5.Adjust the front panel INPUT knob so that program material level peaks cause the headroom display to reach the top of the column without lighting the overload indicators. An occasional large signal peak causing momentary flashing of the overload indicator is acceptable in most instances, but should be validated by listening to the actual result.
6.If you are running digital audio, turn SELECT back to 0.2 Dig In Lvl, and turn ADJUST to the desired level. You may want to back off the Analog In Lvl setting to prevent the analog/digital mix from overloading the effects processor.
Setting Output Level
While still in Control mode, turn SELECT to 0.6 Output Level. The Output Level parameter has two range positions. The appropriate position depends on the level handling capability of the device connected to the analog outputs. Devices capable of handling outputs with peak levels of 18dBu require setting Output Level to the +4dBu setting. Devices which cannot handle peak levels greater than +4dBu require the -10dBu setting.
1-6
Product Overview
Configurations
Connection to a mixing console's effects sends
Effects Send (R)
Effects Send (L)
Channel Input or
Effects Return (R)
Channel Input or
Effects Return (L)
If you will be using a PCM 80 as your primary effects unit, and your system includes a console with one or more auxiliary (effects) sends, connect the PCM 80 as shown above. In most applications, it is preferable to connect the PCM 80 outputs to two of the console's input channel strips, panned full left and right, rather than to the effects returns. This allows the greatest flexibility in routing and equalization.
In this configuration the console controls are used to set the amount of effect heard—the PCM 80's MIX control should be set for 100% wet. To assign a global MIX setting:
1.Press Control.
2.Press Up or Down until 1.x is displayed in the lower left of the display and System is displayed on the upper line.
3.Turn SELECT until System Mix Mode is displayed on the upper line. 1.1 will be displayed in the lower left.
4.Turn ADJUST until the lower line reads:
1.1 |
Global |
5.Press Load / to show the current global setting of MIX; use ADJUST to set it to 100% wet.
1-7
PCM 80 User Guide |
Lexicon |
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Memory Cards
Memory cards can be used to store PCM 80 registers, or setups.
You can use Memory cards to store as many as 2350 PCM 80 registers (47 banks of 50 — on a 1 Meg card). Registers stored on a properly formatted card will be recognized whenever the card is inserted, and can be accessed via the front panel Register Banks button, exactly as internal registers.
Memory cards can also be used to store "setups" (your system configuration, as set in Control mode). As many as 5 PCM 80 setups can be stored on a card, allowing you to transport not only your effects, but complete PCM 80 environments to another PCM 80. Cards also provide storage for additional program maps and effect chains.
See Control Mode Store and Load functions for details on saving setups on a card and reloading them.
Memory cards must be of the following type:
PCMCIA SRAM Memory Card — 68 pin, Type I
Usable densities: 64 kByte 128 kByte 256 kByte 1 MByte
Access Time: |
250 nsec or faster |
Conforms to PCMCIA 2.0/JEDIA 4.1. Can use either 8-bit or 8/16-bit bus configuration.
Attribute memory can be present, but is not used.
Memory Expansion The addition of SIMMs (memory modules) allows several PCM 80 algorithms (Glide>Hall, M-Band+Rvb and the Resonant Chords algorithms) to address up to 4 Meg of delay memory, providing as much as 42 seconds of stereo delay. PCM 80 memory can be expanded with SIMM memory modules of the following type:
30-pin SIMM Memory Module
Usable densities: 1 Meg x 9 4 Meg x 9
16 Meg x 9 (See Physical Requirements. Note also that only 4 Meg will be addressed by the PCM 80.)
8-bit SIMMs are not usable Access Time: 70 nsec or faster
Physical Requirements: Either 3-chip or 9-chip modules may be used, with the following size restrictions:
Maximum size: .208" (5.28mm) total module thickness 1.30" (33mm) total module height 3.50" (88.9mm) total module length
Expanded memory is automatically detected by the PCM 80. The presence of additional memory will initiate internal power up testing which is longer than the unexpanded PCM 80 time period.
Safety issues and various agency approvals mandate that memory expansion be performed only by qualified service personnel. Instructions for performing this procedure are, therefore, available only in Lexicon's PCM 80 Service documentation.
1-8
Basic Operation
2
Basic Operation
The PCM 80 provides a wide range of control over an extraordinary set of reverb and modulation effects. All of the controls are easily accessed from the front panel and are described in detail in this section.
The PCM 80 has five basic modes of operation, each of which is selected by Modes of Operation pressing a front panel button (Program Banks, Register Banks, Edit, Control
and Tempo). Each of these first four mode buttons has an LED which lights when the mode is active. The Tempo LED (unless you elect to have this function turned off) flashes the current tempo. When Tempo mode is active, no other mode LEDs will be lighted.
The PCM 80 is always operating in one of these modes.
Here, the lighted LED indicates that Control mode is active.
The five mode buttons give you the first level of access to all of the functions and parameters in the PCM 80.
•Press Program Banks repeatedly to access four banks of factory preset programs. Each bank contains 50 programs.
•Press Register Banks to access a bank of 50 memory locations, called registers, where you can store your customized effects. Memory cards can be used for storage of additional banks of registers. When a formatted memory card containing stored registers is inserted, pressing Register Banks repeatedly will cycle through all of the available register banks.
•Press Edit to access all of the available parameters for the currently running effect.
•Press Control to select system parameters, MIDI, card formatting, etc.
•Press Tempo to set tempo-related values that affect the delay time and LFO rate parameters of the currently-running effect. This is an exciting feature which is unique to the PCM 80, and which will be described in detail later in this chapter.
2-1
PCM 80 User Guide |
Lexicon |
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Navigating a Matrix All of the controls available in a mode are arranged in a matrix of up to 10 columns (numbered 0-9) and 10 rows (each numbered .0-.9). This arrangment allows any one of as many as 100 parameters to be selected simply by using the SELECT knob and the Up and Down buttons to select a position in the matrix.
The SELECT knob moves you horizontally across the matrix.
Simultaneously pressing Up and Down will always return you to 0.0
← |
→ |
−
The Up and Down buttons move you vertically through the rows of the matrix.
↓
An asterisk in the display indicates that Load / is active and, depending on the mode, will load effects or display additional parameters when pressed.
XXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX
3.6 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
Your current location in the matrix is shown in the lower lefthand corner of the display.
In the Program and Register Banks, the ADJUST knob acts as a soft knob for adjustment of one or more patched effect parameters. In the other modes, ADJUST scrolls through the range of available settings for the control you have selected.
Go or Pro The PCM 80 offers a choice between two levels of Edit mode parameter access. We call these Go mode and Pro mode.
Go mode makes use of an extra row in the edit mode matrix called the Soft Row, where you can assign as many as 10 effect parameters for easy access. Selecting Go mode (Control mode 1.0) limits the action of the Edit button to displaying only the Soft Row parameters assigned to the current effect.
Each preset has a set of Soft Row assignments which we've selected for you (as well as an assignment for the ADJUST knob). When shipped, the PCM 80 will power up in Go mode with the first preset (P0 0.0) loaded. Press Edit to display the Soft Row of parameters.
Pro mode gives you access to the full parameter matrix, including the Soft Row. Use this mode when you want to do in-depth effects editing or patching, or when you want to customize Soft Row assignments.
Go mode and Pro mode selection is made in Control mode at matrix location 1.0.
2-2
Basic Operation
The PCM 80 offers an extensive set of informative display messages which can Info be activated from the front panel.
The front panel switches perform various functions when pressed. Most of these functions are activated on release of the button. If you want to know more about the function of a particular button (without actually executing any action) press and hold the button down. While you are holding down the button, an explanatory message will appear on the display. The activation of an Info message overrides the normal function of the button, so that no action is taken on release.
Info messages are displayed when a button is pressed and held down. Generally, Info messages inform you of the function of a button, or provide current status information.
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effect name,bank, and matrix |
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Inactive until an effect has been altered, then displays "Press to hear stored effect"
2-3
PCM 80 User Guide |
Lexicon |
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Control Mode Selections of various system states and conditions are made in Control Mode. Press Control to enter this mode. The Control button LED will light to indicate that the mode is active. Note that Control Mode functions are not available when the Compare function is active.
The Control Mode matrix is shown below, followed by descriptions of each available selection.
Simultaneously press Up and Down to return to 0.0.
An asterisk ( ) accompanying a parameter name indicates that there are subparameters available at that matrix location. The Load / LED will light whenever an asterisk appears in the display. Press Load / to step to the next subparameter. From any point in the matrix, press Up or Down together with Load / to backstep to the previous parameter.
Row 0
Audio
0.0 Word Clock
The PCM 80 can use its own internal clock as a timing reference, or it can reference an external clock source from the rear panel S/PDIF jack. Use ADJUST to select Ext (External), Int: 48kHz or Int: 44.1kHz. When either Internal rate is selected, the digital input is disabled. To process audio from the digital input, you must select Ext.
When External clock is selected, and the PCM 80 detects valid digital audio, the rate of the External word clock will be displayed with a label indicating the digital audio format type: Prf (Professional) or Cns (Consumer, also called S/PDIF).
Note: Although the PCM 80 will detect AES professional format signals, it is designed to be used with S/PDIF input. If your digital input is not S/PDIF, please be alert for locking problems and other potential errors, and be prepared to take the necessary steps to provide the correct format input signal.
Audio |
Word Clock |
Audio |
Word Clock |
0.0 Ext: |
Prf 44.1kHz |
0.0 Ext: |
Cns 48kHz |
When the PCM 80 is receiving valid digital audio, selecting Word Clock will display the audio format and the rate of the incoming signal.
2-4
Basic Operation
When External clock is first selected, the PCM 80 will repeatedly try to establish lock. You can choose to have any subsequent interruptions of the incoming digital audio signal dealt with in one of two ways. An Auto Lock feature allows you to choose to have the PCM 80 attempt to re-establish lock, or not. (See 0.3 Auto Lock.) In either case, the PCM 80 will immediately mute the digital input, and switch to Internal clock at the sample rate of the last valid external signal.
When External clock is selected, any loss of lock detected in the incoming digital audio, or reception of non-audio data will cause the digital input to be muted. An error message will be displayed if this occurs.
The following types of errors are detected when the PCM 80 is set to Ext:
No Lock: The PCM 80, at some point, lost lock to the incoming digital audio signal. Digital audio input is muted.
Out of Range: The sampling rate of the incoming audio signal is outside of acceptable tolerance limits of +4%. Digital audio input is muted.
Non Audio: Indicates transmission of non-audio data, such as from a CD
ROM. Digital audio input is muted.
Dig In Status
Pressing Load/ from Word Clock will display the current digital input status. This status display is continuously updated, acting as a real-time monitor of the PCM 80 digital input. This display is active even when the PCM 80 is set to Internal clock. Note that in the case of an AES Pro format signal, "Emphasis" means either CCITT or 50/15µs emphasis.
If valid digital audio is detected, the display will show the external clock rate and format information, along with the status of the Emphasis bit(s) in the incoming audio signal. If the PCM 80 has lost lock, the display message will indicate "No Lock" and parenthetically show the internal clock rate now in use.
Audio |
*Dig In Status |
Audio *Dig In Status |
0.0 Prf |
44.1 Emp:Yes |
0.0 NoLock (Int:44.1) |
When the PCM 80 loses lock, it will mute the digital input and switch to Internal Clock.
Error Log
The following errors are continuously logged and are available for review by pressing Load/ from the Dig In Status display and using ADJUST to scroll through the error list.
Validity: |
A Validity error indicates that the Validity bit was set in a frame |
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corrupted. This bit may also be sent when the transmitting device |
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is paused. |
Confidence: |
The PCM 80 is detecting excessive jitter or noise on the digital |
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audio line. No data has been corrupted, but corrective action |
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should be taken. |
Upon loss of lock, or reception of nonaudio data, the PCM 80 will mute the digital input and display the following messages when Word Clock or Dig In Status is selected:
Word Clock |
Dig In Status |
Not Locked |
No Lock (Int 44.1) |
Out of Range |
No Lock (Int 44.1) |
Non Audio: 44.1 |
Non Audio: 44.1 |
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SlipSample: |
Indicates that a single sample is misaligned with the window |
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defined by the Word Clock. This may occur when an external |
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master changes sample rate, or when it is just powering up, but |
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should not occur in normal operation. |
CRC: |
Indicates a Cyclic Redundancy Check error in the incoming data. |
Parity, Biphase: |
Indicate that at least one bit (and therefore at least one audio |
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sample) was corrupted. |
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Parity, Biphase, and Confidence errors are most often caused by |
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inappropriate cabling. Be sure to use 75Ω video-grade cable, |
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kept as short as possible — standard audio cable will not work |
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reliably. |
Each error is reported by name, with the number of occurrences of that particular type of error. The display might show, for example "CRC: 4752". As many as 9999 instances of each error can be shown. If the number of actual errors exceeds 9999, the display will indicate ">9999". A special symbol (■) before the error type indicates the most recently received error.
Press Load/ from the Dig In Status display and use ADJUST to scroll through the Error Log.
A typical Error Log display showing that the last error received was a CRC error (■ CRC) and that there have been more than (>) 9999 instances of CRC errors since Word Clock was last set to Ext.
Audio *Error Log
0.0 ■ CRC >9999
To clear the Error Log, reselect Ext from the Control Mode Word Clock display. This will cause the PCM 80 to attempt to lock to the current external source and will reset the Error Log. The log is also cleared on power up, and whenever it relocks (Auto Lock On).
0.1 Analog In Lvl
This is a master level control for analog left and right inputs. Use ADJUST to select values from 0-100%. If using only analog inputs, this should be 100% for best audio performance. Values between 0% and 100% are for mixing analog and digital sources.
Note: If the analog signal being fed into the PCM 80 is too hot, turn it down by adjusting the front panel INPUT level control, or by changing the rear panel Input Gain switch. (See Setting Audio Levels in Chapter 1.)
0.2 Dig In Lvl
This is a master level control for digital left and right inputs (post A/D converter). Use ADJUST to select values from 0-100%. If using only digital inputs, this should be 100%, with Analog InLvl set to 0% for best audio performance. Values between 0% and 100% are for mixing analog and digital sources.
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Basic Operation
If digital audio is interrupted by lock or range errors, or by transmission of nonaudio data, the digital input will be muted. Whenever this occurs, the PCM 80 remains functional, while an error message, such as those shown below, is displayed.
Error : Lock |
Error : Out Of Range |
(Press any button) |
(Press any button) |
Error : Non Audio (Press any button)
Any such message will remain on the display until you dismiss it by pressing any front panel button. If the condition causing the error is corrected, and the digital input is unmuted, the message will still remain until you dismiss it to ensure that you are informed of a condition that has muted digital audio, even if only for a brief period of time. Once the message is dismissed, the display will return to its previous state.
Some errors detected in an incoming digital |
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audio signal will cause the PCM 80 to mute the |
Audio |
Dig In Lvl |
digital input. When this happens, the Dig In Lvl |
0.2 30% |
(Muted) |
display will show both the level you selected, |
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and the fact that the signal is muted. |
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If you select the Dig In Lvl parameter while there is a lock, range, or non-audio error, the display will continue to show the level you have selected, and parenthetically show that the signal has been muted.
Note, if Word Clock is set to Int, Dig In Lvl is disabled. You must select Ext to process digital audio.
0.3 Auto Lock
When Word Clock is set to Ext, and the PCM 80 loses lock with an incoming digital audio signal, it will immediately switch to Internal Clock at the sample rate of the digital signal last detected. The Auto Lock control allows you to choose whether or not the PCM 80 will continuously try to re-establish lock. Use ADJUST to select On (continuous retry), or Off (continue to use Internal Clock as a timing reference until Ext is reselected).
0.4 SCMS
Digital audio signals, in order to comply with copyright standards, are encoded with control information which can limit the ability to copy audio data. This control information is generally known as SCMS (Serial Copy Management System). Under this system, you can choose to have the audio material processed by the PCM 80 encoded to allow one of three levels of copy restriction. To make your selection, use ADJUST to select No Copy, One Copy, or Multi Copy.
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0.5 Emphasis Bit
The Emphasis control allows you to explicitly set the emphasis "flag" in the digital audio, or to pass along the incoming signal without changing its emphasis coding. (The PCM 80 does not perform any emphasis or de-emphasis as part of its signal processing.) The choices available with ADJUST are: Yes, No, and
Pass Thru.
0.6 Output Level
This control allows you to select the maximum output level at the PCM 80's analog outputs. Use ADJUST to select +4 dBu, or –10 dBu.
Exercise care when switching this control, as a 14dB level change instantly occurs when going from -10dBu to +4dBu.
Row 1
System
1.0 Edit Mode
The PCM 80 has been designed with a "plug and play" feature called Go mode. In this mode, the most useful parameters of each effect are grouped together in a single row which is available whenever you press Edit.
Each PCM 80 preset has a set of Go mode parameters which we've selected for you. When shipped, the PCM 80 will power up in Go mode, with the first preset (P0 0.0) loaded. Press Edit to display the first available parameter in the Soft Row.
If you want access to the full parameter matrix for any effect, including the Soft Row parameters, use ADJUST to select Pro mode. Now, when Edit is pressed, you can select any parameter for adjustment, and customize any effect with your own Soft Row assignments. For more information about the Soft Row, see Editing an Effect later in this chapter.
1.1 Mix Mode
Each PCM 80 effect has its own Mix parameter, with the Mix setting stored as an integral part of the effect. Mix Mode allows you to override these individual Mix settings and set a global Mix value for all effects. This is useful when using a mixing console's controls to set the amount of wet signal in a mix. In such a case, you can use this control to set all PCM 80 effects to 100% wet.
When shipped, the PCM 80 has the Mix Mode set to Pgm. This setting determines that effects will be loaded with their stored Mix settings, and allows the individual Mix controls in the edit matrix of each effect to be adjusted from 0-100% Wet. To set a global Mix value, use ADJUST to select Global, press Load/ to display the current value, and use ADJUST to assign any value from 0-100% Wet.
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Basic Operation
1.2 Tempo Mode
The PCM 80 gives you an exciting new approach to working with delay times and modulation parameters. Now you can set these parameters in beats, allowing you to control your effects in a completely musical way. Each PCM 80 effect has its own Tempo parameters, with tempo settings stored as an integral part of the effect. These include: Tempo Rate, Tempo Beat, Tempo Source (internal or MIDI), Tap Duration, and Tap Average. The Global setting here allows you to override individual Tempo Rate settings with a global value which can then be changed on the fly.
When shipped, the PCM 80 has the Tempo Mode set to Pgm, with each effect driven by its own stored tempo rate. To change to a global Tempo Rate, use ADJUST to select Global, press Load/ to display the current tempo in BPM (beats per minute), then use ADJUST to assign a global tempo value of 40400BPM.
Whether Tempo Mode is set to Global or Pgm, you can set a new tempo rate by pressing the front panel Tap button twice. Alternatively, you can choose to have tempo set automatically from incoming MIDI clock. The rate you tap, or the MIDI tempo, will be displayed here.
For more information about working with the tempo parameters, see Tempo
Mode later in this chapter.
1.3 Bypass Mode/Bypass Src
This control alows you to determine the behavior of the PCM 80 when the front panel Bypass button is pressed. You can also assign an external controller to perform identically to the front panel button. When the Bypass button is pressed, the LED will light, and a message indicating bypass type will be displayed. Pressing Bypass again will turn bypass off.
The choices available via ADJUST are:
AllMute: Mutes both the input and the output signal, giving complete silence.
InputMute: Mutes the input to the PCM 80, allowing the tail of the effect to ring out. (This is the default setting.)
OutputMute: Mutes the output. Audio signals are still being fed to the
PCM 80, so processed audio returns immediately when
Bypass is turned off.
Bypass: Completely bypasses the PCM 80, passing unprocessed audio directly through to the outputs.
To assign an external controller to perform the selected bypass function, press Load/ to display Bypass Src. Use ADJUST to select a footswitch or any MIDI controller (or Off). Once a source is selected, it will perform the same function assigned to the front panel Bypass button.
1.4 Pgm Bypass
This control allows you to determine the behavior of the PCM 80 when a new effect is loaded. The choices available are: AllMute or Bypass.
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1.5 Mem Protect
The PCM 80 provides a memory protection feature to prevent accidental overwriting of your stored effects. When this control is set to On, pressing the front panel Store button will cause an error message to be displayed. To enable the Store function, turn ADJUST to select Off.
1.6 Auto Load
This control allows you to choose whether PCM 80 effects will be loaded immediately when selected with SELECT and the Up and Down buttons (On), or whether they will require a press of the Load/ button (Off).
1.7 Patch Update
When a controller is patched to an effect parameter, this control determines when the controller will take control of the parameter. If Immediate is selected, stored parameter values will jump to the current controller position when the effect is loaded. If Delayed is selected, the stored parameter value will remain in effect until the controller is moved. See Patching later in this chapter.
1.8 Initialize
Selecting this control arms the PCM 80 to revert to its factory settings.
This will erase all registers and setups, and return the PCM 80 to its default states.
If you press Store, the display will ask "Are you sure?" (Press STORE). If you don't want to reinitialize your unit, press any button to cancel the operation. If you press Store in response to this message, the display will flash "Restoring original factory settings" and your unit will be reinitialized.
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Basic Operation
Row 2
Card
2.0 Bank Copy
This control allows you to copy banks of effects from one location to another. Banks can be copied internally, or to and from PCMCIA Memory Cards. Try, for example, copying Preset Bank 0 into the internal Register Bank.
1. Press Store. The following display will appear briefly.
Select and copy
effect banks
The display will then change to show:
Card Bank Copy
2.0 Src: P0 Dst: R
The asterisk indicates that Src is available for adjustment. ADJUST will scroll through all available banks, including internal preset and register banks, as well as any banks on inserted PCMCIA cards. Internal banks are labeled "P0...P3" and "R1". Card registers will be labeled "C0, C1, C2" etc.
2. Press Load/ to move the asterisk to Dst.
Card |
Bank Copy |
2.0 Src: P0 Dst: R
Now, use ADJUST to select the destination of your copy. Selecting a register bank here will cause its contents to be erased and overwritten with the bank you have selected as the source when Store is pressed.
4.Press Store to copy the selected source (in this case Preset Bank 0) into the internal Register Bank. The display will ask "Are you sure?" (Press STORE). Press any button to cancel. Press Store to complete the store operation.
2.1 Load
This control is provided for future enhancement. It will allow you to load audio software from a Memory Card simply by inserting the new card and responding to the display prompts.
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2.2 Format
This control allows you to format a Memory Card for PCM 80 use. Press Store and insert an unformatted card (or one you don't mind erasing). Make sure the Write Protect latch on the card is set to Off. Press Store. The display will ask "Are you sure?" (Press STORE). Press Store. The following display will appear briefly.
Format and name
memory card
The display will then change as shown below.
Card Name: New Card
(press STORE)
This display allows you to assign a name (of 10 characters or less) to the card. A blinking cursor indicates that a particular character is available for changing. Use ADJUST to select the character you want in that position. Turn SELECT to move the cursor to another character. Press Store to execute. The display will ask "Are you sure?" (Press STORE). Press Store again to complete the operation. Press any front panel button to cancel.
Row 3
MIDI
3.0 Reset
This control resets all patched parameters to their previously stored values. When this control is activated, a MIDI "Reset All Controllers" message is also transmitted on the current channel by the PCM 80.
3.1 Receive
Turn ADJUST to select OFF, 1-16, or OMNI for receipt of MIDI messages.
3.2 Transmit
Turn ADJUST to select OFF, or 1-16 for transmission of MIDI messages.
3.3 Pgm Change
This control specifies the PCM 80's response to incoming MIDI Program Change messages. There are four selections available via ADJUST: On, Off, Map and
Chain.
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