HEIDENHAIN SW 68894x-02 User Manual

User’s Manual

CNC PILOT 640

NC Software
688946-02
688947-02

English (en)
1/2014

Controls and displays of the CNC PILOT

0

9

+

/

DEL

CE

ERR

CALC

Keys on visual display unit

Key Function

Switches the help graphics between outside
and inside machining (only in the cycle
programming)

No function

Soft keys for selecting functions on screen

Switches to the soft-key menu at left / right

Switches to the next menu in the PLC menu

Operating mode keys

Key Function

Machine operating modes:

 Manual Operation
 Program Run

Programming modes

 smart.Turn
 DINplus
 DIN/ISO

Tables for tool data and technology data

Numeric keypad

Key Function block

Number keys 0-9:

 Numeric input keys
 Menu operation

Decimal point

Switchover between positive and negative
values

Escape key: Cancelation of dialogs and next
higher menu level

Insert key: OK in dialogs and new NC blocks
in the editor

Delete block: Deletes the selected area

Backspace: Deletes the character to the left
of the cursor

CE key: Deletes the error messages in the
machine operating mode

Enter: Confirms the input

Special keys

Key Function

Error key: Opens the error window

Organization:

 Parameters
 File organization
 Transfer
 Diagnosis

smart.Turn keys

Key Function

Go to the next form

Next/previous group

Navigation keys

Key Function

Up/Down arrow keys

Left/Right arrow keys

Screen page or dialog page up/down

Go to beginning of program/list or to end of
program/list

Starts the integrated calculator

Info key: Shows additional information in the
parameter editor

Activates special functions, such as input
options or input of characters as on an
alphabetic keyboard

Machine operating panel

Key Function

Cycle start

Cycle stop

Feed rate stop

Spindle stop

Spindle on – M3/M4 direction

Spindle jog – M3/M4 direction. The spindle
rotates as long as you press the key.

Manual direction keys +X/–X

Operating panel of the CNC PILOT

CNC PILOT 640, software and features

This manual describes functions that are available in the CNC PILOT
with NC software number 688946-02 and 688947-02.

The programming of smart.Turn and DIN PLUS are not included in this
manual. These functions are described in the User's Manual for
smart.Turn and DIN PLUS Programming (ID 685556-xx). Please
contact HEIDENHAIN if you require a copy of this manual.

The machine manufacturer adapts the features offered by the control
to the capabilities of the specific machine tool by setting machine
parameters. Therefore, some of the functions described in this manual
may not be among the features provided by the CNC PILOT on your
machine tool.

Some of the CNC PILOT functions that are not available on every
machine are:

 Positioning of spindle (M19) and driven tool
 Operations with the C or Y axis

Please contact your machine manufacturer for detailed information on
the features that are supported by your machine tool.

Many machine manufacturers and HEIDENHAIN offer programming
courses. We recommend these courses as an effective way of
improving your programming skill and sharing information and ideas
with other CNC PILOT users.

HEIDENHAIN also offers the DataPilot MP 620 or DataPilot CP 640
software for personal computers, which is designed to simulate the
functions of the MANUALplus 620 and CNC PILOT 640. The
DataPilot is suitable for both shop-floor programming as well as off­location program creation and testing. It is also ideal for training
purposes. The DataPilot can be run on PCs with WINDOWS
operating systems.

Intended place of operation

The CNC PILOT complies with the limits for a Class A devices in
accordance with the specifications in EN 55022, and is intended for
use primarily in industrially-zoned areas.

Legal information

This product uses open source software. Further information is
available on the control under

 Programming and Editing operating mode
 MOD function
 LICENSE INFO soft key

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 5

New functions of software 688945-02

 In the program simulation, the current contour description (of

workpiece blank and finished part) can be mirrored and saved. In
smart.Turn, these contours can be reinserted (see page 481)

 On machines with opposing spindle, the workpiece spindle can now

be selected in the TSF menu (see page 94)

 On machines with opposing spindle, its datum can be shifted (see

Page 94)

 The user documentation is now also available in the context-

sensitive help system TURNguide (see Page 64)

 You can make your own project folder in the project management,

so that you can centrally manage associated files (see Page 118)

 With a manual tool change system it is possible to insert tools that

are not in the turret during a program run (see Page 492)

 Engraving cycles are now available in the Teach-In mode of

operation (see Page 331)

 During tool data backup, you can now select in a dialog window the

data to be saved or restored (see Page 561)

 The G30 function is now available for converting G functions, M

functions or spindle numbers, as well as for mirroring traverse paths
and tool dimensions (see the smart.Turn and DIN Programming
User’s Manual)

 The "traverse to a fixed stop" function (G916) is now available for

transferring the workpiece to the second traversable spindle or for
pressing the tailstock against the workpiece (see the smart.Turn and
DIN Programming User’s Manual)

 The G925 function makes it possible to define and monitor the

maximum contact force for an axis. This function can be applied to
use the opposing spindle as a mechatronic tailstock, for example
(see the smart.Turn and DIN Programming User’s Manual)

 Controlled parting using servo-lag monitoring (G917) can now be

activated to prevent collisions caused by incomplete parting
processes (see the smart.Turn and DIN Programming User’s
Manual)

6

 The spindle synchronization option G720 synchronizes the shaft

speeds of two or more spindles so that they rotate synchronously
with a gear ratio or a defined offset (see the smart.Turn and DIN
Programming User’s Manual)

 In combination with the synchronization (G720) of main spindle and

tool spindle, the new "Hobbing" cycle (G808) is available for milling
external teeth and profiles (see the smart.Turn and DIN
Programming User’s Manual)

 With G924, a "fluctuating speed" can now be programmed to

prevent resonance (see the smart.Turn and DIN Programming
User’s Manual)

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 7

New functions of software 688945-03 and 688946-01

 In the Organization mode of operation, you can grant or restrict

access to the control by using the EXTERNAL ACCESS soft key (see
also "Organization mode of operation" on page 520)

 The pocket calculator can now be activated in each application and

also remains active after a change in operating modes. The Get
current value and Load current value soft keys enable you to

fetch numerical values from an active input field or to transfer them
to an active input field (see also "Integrated calculator" on page 56)

 Tool touch probes can now be calibrated in the Machine Setup

menu (see also "Calibrating the tool touch probe" on page 96)

 The workpiece datum can now also be set in the direction of the Z

axis using a touch probe (see also "Machine setup" on page 89)

 In Teach-in mode, the oversizes RI and RK for the workpiece blank

were introduced for finishing in the recess-turning cycles (see also
"Recess turning, radial finishing—expanded" on page 236)

 On machines with a B axis it is now also possible to drill, bore, and

mill in oblique planes. In addition to this, the B axis enables you to
use tools even more flexibly during turning (see smart.Turn and DIN
Programming User's Manual).

 The control now provides numerous touch probe cycles for various

applications (see smart.Turn and DIN Programming User's Manual):

 Calibrating a touch trigger probe
 Measuring circles, circle segments, angle and position of the C

axis

 Misalignment compensation
 Single- point and double-point measurement
 Finding a hole or stud
 Zero point setting in the Z or C axis
 Automatic tool measurement

8

 The new TURN PLUS function automatically generates NC

programs for turning and milling operations based on a fixed
machining sequence (see smart.Turn and DIN Programming User's
Manual).

 The G940 function now provides a way to calculate the tool lengths

in the basic (definition) position of the B axis (see smart.Turn and
DIN Programming User's Manual).

 For machining operations that require rechucking, you can define a

separation point on the contour description with G44 (see the
smart.Turn and DIN Programming User’s Manual).

 The G927 function enables you to convert tool lengths to the

reference position of the tool (B axis = 0) (see smart.Turn and DIN
Programming User's Manual).

 Recesses that were defined with G22 can now be machined with

the new Cycle 870 ICP Recessing (see smart.Turn and DIN
Programming User's Manual).

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 9

New functions of software 68894x-02

 The "Zero point shift" miscellaneous function was introduced in ICP

(see also "Zero point shift" on page 375)

 In ICP contours, fit dimensions and inside threads can now be

calculated using an input form (see also "Fits and inside threads" on
page 370)

 The "Copy Linear, Circular and Mirror" miscellaneous functions were

introduced in ICP (see also "Copying a contour section in linear
series" on page 375)

 The system time can now be set using an input form (see also

"Displaying operating times" on page 97)

 The parting cycle G859 was expanded by the parameters K, SD and

U (see also "Parting" on page 253)

 The ICP recess turning cycles now allow defining an approach and

departure angle (see also "ICP recess turning, radial finishing" on
page 244)

 With TURN PLUS you can now create programs for machining with

an opposing spindle and for multipoint tools (see the smart.Turn and
DIN Programming User’s Manual)

 In the G797 Area Milling function, milling contours can now be

selected (see the smart.Turn and DIN Programming User’s Manual)

 The G720 function was expanded by the Y parameter (see the

smart.Turn and DIN Programming User’s Manual)

 The G860 function was expanded by the O and U parameters (see

the smart.Turn and DIN Programming User’s Manual)

10

About this manual

The symbols used in this manual are described below.

This symbol indicates that important information about the
function described must be considered.

This symbol indicates that there is one or more of the
following risks when using the described function:

 Danger to workpiece
 Danger to fixtures
 Danger to tool
 Danger to machine
 Danger to operator

This symbol indicates that the described function must be
adapted by the machine tool builder. The function
described may therefore vary depending on the machine.

This symbol indicates that you can find detailed
information about a function in another manual.

About this manual

Do you want any changes, or have you found any errors?

We are continuously striving to improve our documentation for you.
Please help us by sending your requests to the following e-mail
address: [e-mail].

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 11

About this manual

12

Contents

Introduction and fundamentals

1

Basics of operation

2

Machine mode of operation

3

Teach-in mode

4

ICP programming

5

Graphic simulation

6

Tool and technology database

7

Organization mode of operation

8

Tables and overviews

9

Overview of cycles

10

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 13

1 Introduction and fundamentals ..... 33

1.1 The CNC PILOT ..... 34

1.2 Configuration ..... 35

Slide position ..... 35

Tool carrier systems ..... 35

The C axis ..... 35

The Y axis ..... 36

Full-surface machining ..... 37

1.3 Features ..... 38

Configuration ..... 38

Operating modes ..... 38

1.4 Data backup ..... 40

1.5 Explanation of terms ..... 41

1.6 CNC PILOT design ..... 42

1.7 Fundamentals ..... 43

Position encoders and reference marks ..... 43

Axis designations ..... 43

Coordinate system ..... 44

Absolute coordinates ..... 44

Incremental coordinates ..... 45

Polar coordinates ..... 45

Machine zero point ..... 45

Workpiece zero point ..... 46

Units of measure ..... 46

1.8 Tool dimensions ..... 47

Tool length ..... 47

Tool compensation ..... 47

Tool-tip radius compensation (TRC) ..... 48

Milling cutter radius compensation (MCRC) ..... 48

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 15

2 Basics of operation ..... 49

2.1 General information on operation ..... 50

Operation ..... 50

Setup ..... 50

Programming – Teach-in mode ..... 50

Programming – smart.Turn ..... 50

2.2 The CNC PILOT screen ..... 51

2.3 Operation and data input ..... 52

Operating modes ..... 52

Menu selection ..... 53

Soft keys ..... 53

Data input ..... 54

smart.Turn dialogs ..... 54

List operations ..... 54

Alphanumeric keyboard ..... 55

2.4 Integrated calculator ..... 56

Calculator functions ..... 56

Adjusting the position of the calculator ..... 58

2.5 Types of programs ..... 59

2.6 The error messages ..... 60

Display of errors ..... 60

Opening the error window ..... 60

Closing the error window ..... 60

Detailed error messages ..... 61

"Details" soft key ..... 61

Clearing errors ..... 62

Error log file ..... 62

Keystroke log file ..... 63

Saving service files ..... 63

2.7 TURNguide context-sensitive help system ..... 64

Application ..... 64

Working with the TURNguide ..... 65

Downloading current help files ..... 69

16

3 Machine mode of operation ..... 71

3.1 Machine mode of operation ..... 72

3.2 Switch-on / Switch-off ..... 73

Switch-on ..... 73

Monitoring EnDat encoders ..... 73

Traversing the reference marks ..... 74

Switch-off ..... 75

3.3 Machine data ..... 76

Input of machine data ..... 76

Machine data display ..... 78

Cycle statuses ..... 81

Axis feed rate ..... 82

Spindle ..... 82

3.4 Setting up a tool list ..... 83

Machine with turret ..... 83

Machine with multifix ..... 83

Tools in different quadrants ..... 84

Filling the turret list from the database ..... 85

Filling the turret list ..... 86

Tool call ..... 87

Driven tools ..... 87

Tool life monitoring ..... 88

3.5 Machine setup ..... 89

Defining the workpiece zero point ..... 90

Homing the axes ..... 91

Setting the protection zone ..... 92

Defining the tool change position ..... 93

Setting C-axis values ..... 94

Setting up machine dimensions ..... 95

Calibrating the tool touch probe ..... 96

Displaying operating times ..... 97

Setting the system time ..... 98

3.6 Tool measurement ..... 99

Touch off ..... 100

Touch probe (tool touch probe) ..... 101

Optical gauge ..... 102

Tool compensation ..... 103

3.7 "Manual Operation" operating mode ..... 104

Tool change ..... 104

Spindle ..... 104

Handwheel operation ..... 104

Manual direction keys ..... 105

Teach-in cycles in Manual mode ..... 105

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 17

3.8 Teach-in mode ..... 106

Teach-in mode ..... 106

Programming Teach-in cycles ..... 106

3.9 Program Run mode ..... 107

Loading a program ..... 107

Comparing a tool list ..... 108

Before executing a program ..... 108

Finding a start block ..... 109

Program execution ..... 110

Entering compensation values during program run ..... 111

Program execution in "dry run" mode ..... 114

3.10 Graphic simulation ..... 115

3.11 Program management ..... 116

Program selection ..... 116

File manager ..... 117

Project management ..... 118

3.12 Conversion into DIN format ..... 119

Making a conversion ..... 119

3.13 Units of measure ..... 120

18

4 Teach-in mode ..... 121

4.1 Working with cycles ..... 122

Cycle starting point ..... 122

Help graphics ..... 123

DIN macros ..... 123

Graphical test run (simulation) ..... 123

Contour follow-up in Teach-in mode ..... 124

Cycle keys ..... 124

Switching functions (M functions) ..... 125

Comments ..... 125

Cycle menu ..... 126

Addresses used in many cycles ..... 128

4.2 Workpiece blank cycles ..... 129

Bar/tube blank ..... 130

ICP workpiece blank contour ..... 131

4.3 Single cut cycles ..... 132

Rapid traverse positioning ..... 133

Approaching the tool change position ..... 134

Linear machining, longitudinal ..... 135

Linear machining, transverse ..... 136

Linear machining at angle ..... 137

Circular machining ..... 139

Chamfer ..... 141

Rounding arc ..... 143

M functions ..... 145

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 19

4.4 Turning cycles ..... 146

Tool position ..... 147

Roughing, longitudinal ..... 149

Cut, transverse ..... 151

Roughing, longitudinal—expanded ..... 153

Roughing, transverse—expanded ..... 155

Finishing cut, longitudinal ..... 157

Finishing cut, transverse ..... 158

Finishing cut, longitudinal—expanded ..... 159

Finishing cut, transverse—expanded ..... 161

Cut, longitudinal plunge ..... 163

Cut, transverse plunge ..... 165

Cut, longitudinal plunging—expanded ..... 167

Cut, transverse plunging—expanded ..... 169

Cut, longitudinal finishing plunge ..... 171

Cut, transverse finishing plunge ..... 172

Cut, longitudinal finishing plunge—expanded ..... 174

Cut, transverse finishing plunge—expanded ..... 176

Cut, ICP contour-parallel, longitudinal ..... 178

Cut, ICP contour-parallel, transverse ..... 180

Cut, ICP contour-parallel, longitudinal finishing ..... 182

Cut, ICP contour-parallel, transverse finishing ..... 184

ICP cutting, longitudinal ..... 186

ICP cutting, transverse ..... 188

ICP longitudinal finishing cut ..... 190

ICP transverse finishing cut ..... 192

Examples of turning cycles ..... 194

20

4.5 Recessing cycles ..... 198

Cutting and infeed directions for recessing cycles ..... 198

Undercut position ..... 199

Contour forms ..... 199

Recessing, radial ..... 200

Recessing, axial ..... 202

Recessing, radial—expanded ..... 204

Recessing, axial—expanded ..... 206

Recessing radial, finishing ..... 208

Recessing axial, finishing ..... 210

Recessing radial, finishing—expanded ..... 212

Recessing axial, finishing—expanded ..... 214

ICP recessing cycles, radial ..... 216

ICP recessing cycles, axial ..... 218

ICP recessing, radial finishing ..... 220

ICP recessing, axial finishing ..... 222

Recess turning ..... 224

Recess turning, radial ..... 225

Recess turning, axial ..... 226

Recess turning, radial—expanded ..... 228

Recessing turning, axial—expanded ..... 230

Recess turning, radial finishing ..... 232

Recess turning, axial finishing ..... 234

Recess turning, radial finishing—expanded ..... 236

Recess turning, axial finishing—expanded ..... 238

ICP recess turning, radial ..... 240

ICP recess turning, axial ..... 242

ICP recess turning, radial finishing ..... 244

ICP recess turning, axial finishing ..... 246

Undercutting type H ..... 248

Undercutting type K ..... 250

Undercutting type U ..... 251

Parting ..... 253

Examples of recessing cycles ..... 255

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 21

4.6 Thread and undercut cycles ..... 257

Thread position, undercut position ..... 257

Handwheel superimposition ..... 258

Feed angle, thread depth, proportioning of cuts ..... 258

Thread run-in / thread run-out ..... 259

Last cut ..... 260

Thread cycle (longitudinal) ..... 261

Thread cycle (longitudinal)—expanded ..... 263

Tapered thread ..... 265

API thread ..... 267

Recut (longitudinal) thread ..... 269

Recut (longitudinal) thread—expanded ..... 271

Recut tapered thread ..... 273

Recut API thread ..... 275

Undercut DIN 76 ..... 277

Undercut DIN 509 E ..... 279

Undercut DIN 509 F ..... 281

Examples of thread and undercut cycles ..... 283

4.7 Drilling cycles ..... 285

Drilling, axial ..... 286

Radial drilling ..... 288

Deep-hole drilling, axial ..... 290

Deep-hole drilling, radial ..... 293

Tapping, axial ..... 295

Tapping, radial ..... 297

Thread milling, axial ..... 299

Examples of drilling cycles ..... 301

4.8 Milling cycles ..... 303

Rapid positioning milling ..... 304

Slot, axial ..... 305

Figure, axial ..... 307

ICP contour, axial ..... 311

Face milling ..... 314

Slot, radial ..... 317

Figure, radial ..... 319

ICP contour, radial ..... 323

Helical-slot milling, radial ..... 326

Milling direction for contour milling ..... 328

Milling direction for pocket milling ..... 329

Example of milling cycle ..... 330

Engraving, axial ..... 331

Engraving, radial ..... 333

Engraving, axial/radial ..... 335

22

4.9 Drilling and milling patterns ..... 336

Linear drilling pattern, axial ..... 337

Milling pattern linear, axial ..... 339

Drilling pattern circular, axial ..... 341

Milling pattern circular, axial ..... 343

Drilling pattern linear, radial ..... 345

Linear milling pattern, radial ..... 347

Drilling pattern circular, radial ..... 349

Circular milling pattern, radial ..... 351

Examples of pattern machining ..... 353

4.10 DIN cycles ..... 356

DIN cycle ..... 356

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 23

5 ICP programming ..... 359

5.1 ICP contours ..... 360

Loading contours ..... 360

Form elements ..... 361

Machining attributes ..... 361

Calculation of contour geometry ..... 362

5.2 ICP editor in cycle mode ..... 363

Editing contours for cycles ..... 363

File organization with the ICP editor ..... 364

5.3 ICP editor in smart.Turn ..... 365

Editing a contour in smart.Turn ..... 366

5.4 Creating an ICP contour ..... 368

Entering an ICP contour ..... 368

Absolute or incremental dimensioning ..... 369

Transitions between contour elements ..... 369

Fits and inside threads ..... 370

Polar coordinates ..... 371

Angular input ..... 371

Contour graphics ..... 372

Selection of solutions ..... 373

Colors in contour graphics ..... 373

Selection functions ..... 374

Zero point shift ..... 375

Copying a contour section in linear series ..... 375

Copying a contour section in circular series ..... 376

Copying a contour section by mirroring ..... 376

Inverting ..... 376

Contour direction (cycle programming) ..... 377

5.5 Editing ICP contours ..... 378

Superimposing form elements ..... 378

Adding contour elements ..... 378

Editing or deleting the last contour element ..... 379

Deleting a contour element ..... 379

Editing contour elements ..... 380

5.6 The zoom function in the ICP editor ..... 385

Changing the view ..... 385

5.7 Defining the workpiece blank ..... 386

"Bar" blank ..... 386

"Tube" blank ..... 386

5.8 Contour elements of a turning contour ..... 387

Basic elements of a turning contour ..... 387

Contour form elements ..... 391

24

5.9 Contour elements on face ..... 398

Starting point of face contour ..... 398

Vertical lines on face ..... 399

Horizontal lines on face ..... 400

Line at angle on face ..... 401

Circular arc on face ..... 402

Chamfer/rounding arc on the face ..... 403

5.10 Contour elements on lateral surface ..... 404

Starting point of lateral surface contour ..... 404

Vertical lines on lateral surface ..... 406

Horizontal lines on lateral surface ..... 406

Line at angle on lateral surface ..... 407

Circular arc on lateral surface ..... 408

Chamfers/rounding arcs on a lateral surface ..... 409

5.11 C and Y axis machining in smart.Turn ..... 410

Reference data, nested contours ..... 411

Representation of the ICP elements in the smart.Turn program ..... 412

5.12 Face contours in smart.Turn ..... 413

Reference data for complex face contours ..... 413

TURN PLUS attributes ..... 414

Circle on face ..... 414

Rectangle on face ..... 415

Polygon on face ..... 416

Linear slot on face ..... 417

Circular slot on face ..... 417

Hole on face ..... 418

Linear pattern on face ..... 419

Circular pattern on face ..... 420

5.13 Lateral surface contours in smart.Turn ..... 421

Reference data of lateral surface ..... 421

TURN PLUS attributes ..... 422

Circle on lateral surface ..... 423

Rectangle on lateral surface ..... 424

Polygon on lateral surface ..... 425

Linear slot on lateral surface ..... 426

Circular slot on lateral surface ..... 427

Hole on lateral surface ..... 428

Linear pattern on lateral surface ..... 429

Circular pattern on lateral surface ..... 430

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 25

5.14 Contours in the XY plane ..... 432

Reference data in XY plane ..... 432

Starting point of contour in XY plane ..... 433

Vertical lines in XY plane ..... 433

Horizontal lines in XY plane ..... 434

Line at angle in XY plane ..... 435

Circular arc in XY plane ..... 436

Chamfer/rounding arc in XY plane ..... 437

Circle in XY plane ..... 438

Rectangle in XY plane ..... 439

Polygon in XY plane ..... 440

Linear slot in XY plane ..... 441

Circular slot in XY plane ..... 442

Hole in XY plane ..... 443

Linear pattern in XY plane ..... 444

Circular pattern in XY plane ..... 445

Single surface in XY plane ..... 446

Centric polygon in XY plane ..... 447

5.15 Contours in the YZ plane ..... 448

Reference data in YZ plane ..... 448

TURN PLUS attributes ..... 449

Starting point of contour in YZ plane ..... 450

Vertical lines in YZ plane ..... 450

Horizontal lines in YZ plane ..... 451

Line at angle in YZ plane ..... 452

Circular arc in YZ plane ..... 453

Chamfer/rounding arc in YZ plane ..... 454

Circle in YZ plane ..... 455

Rectangle in YZ plane ..... 456

Polygon in YZ plane ..... 457

Linear slot in YZ plane ..... 458

Circular slot in YZ plane ..... 458

Hole in YZ plane ..... 459

Linear pattern in YZ plane ..... 460

Circular pattern in YZ plane ..... 461

Single surface in YZ plane ..... 462

Centric polygons in YZ plane ..... 463

5.16 Loading existing contours ..... 464

Integrating cycle contours in smart.Turn ..... 464

DXF contours (option) ..... 465

26

6 Graphic simulation ..... 467

6.1 Simulation mode of operation ..... 468

Using the graphic simulation ..... 469

The miscellaneous functions ..... 470

6.2 Simulation window ..... 471

Setting up the views ..... 471

Single-window view ..... 472

Multiple window view ..... 472

6.3 Views ..... 473

Traverse path display ..... 473

Tool depiction ..... 474

Material-removal graphic ..... 474

3-D view ..... 475

6.4 The zoom function ..... 476

Adjusting the visible section ..... 476

6.5 Simulation with mid-program startup ..... 478

Startup block with smart.Turn programs ..... 478

Mid-program startup in cycle programs ..... 479

6.6 Time calculation ..... 480

Showing the machining times ..... 480

6.7 Saving the contour ..... 481

Saving the generated contour in the simulation ..... 481

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 27

7 Tool and technology database ..... 483

7.1 Tool database ..... 484

Tool types ..... 484

Multipoint tools ..... 485

Tool life management ..... 485

7.2 Tool editor ..... 486

Tool list ..... 486

Editing the tool data ..... 487

Tool texts ..... 488

Editing multipoint tools ..... 489

Editing tool-life data ..... 491

Manual change systems ..... 492

7.3 Tool data ..... 497

General tool parameters ..... 497

Standard turning tools ..... 500

Recessing tools ..... 501

Thread-cutting tools ..... 502

Twist drills and indexable-insert drills ..... 503

NC center drill ..... 504

Centering tool ..... 505

Counterbore ..... 506

Countersink ..... 507

Tap ..... 508

Standard milling tools ..... 509

Thread milling tools ..... 510

Angle cutters ..... 511

Milling pins ..... 512

Touch probes ..... 513

7.4 Technology database ..... 514

Technology editor ..... 515

Editing a workpiece material or cutting material list ..... 516

Displaying/editing cutting data ..... 517

28

8 Organization mode of operation ..... 519

8.1 Organization mode of operation ..... 520

8.2 Parameters ..... 521

Parameter editor ..... 521

List of user parameters ..... 523

Machining parameters (processing) ..... 527

General settings ..... 527

Thread cutting ..... 542

8.3 Transfer ..... 546

Data backup ..... 546

Data exchange with TNCremo ..... 546

External access ..... 546

Connections ..... 547

Ethernet interface CNC PILOT 620 ..... 548

Ethernet interface CNC PILOT 640 ..... 549

USB connection ..... 556

Data transfer options ..... 557

Transferring programs (files) ..... 558

Transferring parameters ..... 560

Transferring tool data ..... 561

Service files ..... 562

Creating a data backup file ..... 563

Importing NC programs from predecessor controls ..... 564

8.4 Service pack ..... 568

Installing a service pack ..... 568

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 29

9 Tables and overviews ..... 571

9.1 Thread pitch ..... 572

Thread parameters ..... 572

Thread pitch ..... 573

9.2 Undercut parameters ..... 579

DIN 76—undercut parameters ..... 579

DIN 509 E – undercut parameters ..... 581

DIN 509 F – undercut parameters ..... 581

9.3 Technical information ..... 582

9.4 Compatibility in DIN programs ..... 591

Syntax elements of the CNC PILOT 640 ..... 593

30

10 Overview of cycles ..... 605

10.1 Workpiece blank cycles, single cut cycles ..... 606

10.2 Turning cycles ..... 607

10.3 Recessing and recess-turning cycles ..... 608

10.4 Thread cycles ..... 609

10.5 Drilling cycles ..... 610

10.6 Milling cycles ..... 611

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 31

32

Introduction and fundamentals

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 33

1.1 The CNC PILOT

The CNC PILOT was conceived for CNC lathes. It is suitable for
horizontal and vertical lathes. The CNC PILOT supports lathes with
tool turrets. The tool carrier of horizontal lathes can be located in front
of or behind the workpiece.

The CNC PILOT supports lathes with spindle, one slide (X and Z axis),
C axis or positionable spindle, driven tool and machines with a Y axis.

Regardless of whether you are turning simple parts or complex
workpieces, the CNC PILOT provides you with the benefits of
graphical contour input and convenient programming with smart.Turn.

1.1 The CNC PILOT

Programming with variables, controlling special machine components,
or using externally created programs, etc. is no problem: Switch to
DINplus. This programming mode helps you solve all your special
tasks.

The MANUALplus also offers the powerful Teach-in mode. It enables
you to perform simple machining, rework or repair operations without
writing NC programs.

The CNC PILOT supports operations with the C axis in cycle,
smart.Turn and DIN programming. In the Y axis, the CNC PILOT
supports operations with smart.Turn and DIN programming.

34 Introduction and fundamentals

1.2 Configuration

In the standard version, the control is equipped with the axes X and Z
and a main spindle. Optionally, a C axis, a Y axis, and a driven tool can
be configured.

Slide position

The machine tool builder configures the CNC PILOT. These are the
available possibilities:

 Z axis horizontal with tool slide behind the workpiece
 Z axis horizontal with tool slide in front of the workpiece
 Z axis vertical with tool slide to the right of the workpiece

The menu symbols, help graphics and graphic representations during
ICP and simulation consider the slide position.

The representations in this User’s Manual assume a lathe with tool
carrier behind the workpiece.

Tool carrier systems

The CNC PILOT supports turrets with a number n of tool mounts as
tool carriers.

The C axis

1.2 Configuration

With a C axis you can drill and mill a workpiece on its face and lateral
surfaces.

When the C axis is used, one axis interpolates linearly or circularly with
the spindle in the given working plane, while the third axis interpolates
linearly.

The CNC PILOT supports part program creation with the C axis in:

 Teach-in mode
 smart.Turn programming
 DINplus programming

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 35

The Y axis

With a Y axis you can drill and mill a workpiece on its face and lateral
surfaces.

During use of the Y axis, two axes interpolate linearly or circularly in
the given working plane, while the third axis interpolates linearly. This
enables you to machine slots or pockets, for example, with plane
floors and perpendicular edges. By defining the spindle angle, you can
determine the position of the milling contour on the workpiece.

The CNC PILOT supports program creation with the Y axis in:

 Teach-in mode

1.2 Configuration

 smart.Turn programs
 in DINplus programs

36 Introduction and fundamentals

Full-surface machining

Functions like angle-synchronous part transfer with rotating spindle,
traversing to a stop, controlled parting, and coordinate transformation
ensures efficient machining as well as simple programming of full­surface machining.

The CNC PILOT supports full-surface machining for all common
machine designs.
Examples: Lathes with

 Rotating gripper
 Movable opposing spindle
 Several spindles and tool carriers

1.2 Configuration

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 37

1.3 Features

Configuration

 Basic version: X and Z axis, spindle
 Positionable spindle and driven tool
 C axis and driven tool

1.3 Features

 Y axis and driven tool
 B axis for machining a tilted plane
 Digital current and speed control

Operating modes

Manual operation

Manual slide movement through axis-direction keys or electronic
handwheels.

Graphic support for entering and running Teach-in cycles without
saving the machining steps in alternation with manual machine
operation.

Thread reworking (thread repair in a second workpiece setup).

Teach-in mode

Sequential linking of Teach-in cycles, where each cycle is run
immediately after input, or is graphically simulated and subsequently
saved.

Program run

All are possible in single-block and full-sequence modes

 DINplus programs
 smart.Turn programs
 Teach-in programs

Setup functions

 Workpiece datum setting
 Definition of tool-change position
 Definition of protection zone
 Tool measurement through touch-off, touch probe or optical gauge

Programming

 Teach-in programming
 Interactive Contour Programming (ICP)
 smart.Turn programming
 Automatic program creation with TURN PLUS
 DINplus programming

38 Introduction and fundamentals

Graphic simulation

 Graphic depiction of the sequence of smart.Turn or DINplus

programs and graphic depiction of a Teach-in cycle or Teach-in
program

 Simulation of the tool paths as wire-frame or cutting-path graphics,

special identification of the rapid-traverse paths

 Machining simulation (2-D material-removal graphic)
 Side or face view, or 2-D view of cylindrical surface
 Display of programmed contours
 Shifting and magnifying functions

Tool system

 Database for 250 tools, optionally 999 tools
 Description can be entered for every tool
 Optional support of multipoint tools (tools with multiple reference

points or multiple cutting edges)

 Turret or multifix system

Technology database

 The cutting data are entered in the cycle or in the UNIT as default

values.

 9 workpiece-material/tool-material combinations (144 entries)
 Optionally 62 workpiece-material/tool-material combinations (992

entries)

Interpolation

 Linear: In 2 principal axes (max. ± 100 m)
 Circular: in 2 axes (radius max. 999 m)
 C axis: Interpolation in the linear axes X and Z with the C axis
 Y axis: Linear or circular interpolation of two axes in the given plane.

The respective third axis can simultaneously perform linear
interpolation.

 G17: XY plane
 G18: XZ plane
 G19: YZ plane

 B axis: Drilling, boring and milling operations in oblique planes

1.3 Features

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 39

1.4 Data backup

HEIDENHAIN recommends saving new programs and files created on
a PC at regular intervals.

HEIDENHAIN provides a backup function for this purpose in the data
transfer software TNCremoNT. Your machine tool builder can provide
you with a copy.

You additionally need a data medium on which all machine-specific
data, such as the PLC program, machine parameters, etc., are stored.

1.4 Data backup

Please contact your machine tool builder.

40 Introduction and fundamentals

1.5 Explanation of terms

 Cursor: In lists, or during data input, a list item, an input field or a

character is highlighted. This "highlight" is called a cursor. Entries
and operations, like copying, deleting, inserting a new item, etc.,
refer to the current cursor position.

 Arrow keys: The cursor is moved with the horizontal and vertical

arrow keys and with the PG UP / PG DN keys.

 Page keys: The PG UP / PG DN keys are also called “Page keys.”
 Navigating: Within a list or an input box, you can move the cursor

to any position you would like to check, change, delete or add to. In
other words, you "navigate" through the list.

 Active/ inactive windows, functions, menu items: Of all

windows that are displayed on the screen, only one is active. That
means, any data you type on the keyboard or keypad are entered in
the active window only. In the active window the title bar is shown
in color. In the inactive windows, the title bar appears dimmed.
Inactive function keys or menu keys also appear dimmed.

 Menu, menu key: The CNC PILOT arranges the available functions

and function groups in a 9-field box. This box is called a menu. Each
symbol in the menu is a menu key.

 Editing: Editing is changing, deleting and adding to parameters,

commands, etc. within programs, tool data or parameters.

 Default value: If the parameters of cycles or DIN commands are

preassigned values, these values are referred to as default values.
These values are used if you do not enter the parameters.

 Byte: The capacity of storage media is measured in bytes. Since the

CNC PILOT features an internal memory, the individual program
lengths are expressed in bytes.

 Extension: File names consist of the actual name and the

extension. The name part and the extension part are separated by a
dot ("."). The extension indicates the type of file. Examples:

 *.NC "DIN programs"
 *.NCS "DIN subprograms (DIN macros)"

 Soft key: Soft keys are the unmarked keys along the side of the

screen. The meaning of each key is shown on the screen.

 Form: The individual pages of a dialog are shown as easy-to-fill

forms.

 UNITS: A UNIT is a group of function united into a dialog in

smart.Turn.

1.5 Explanation of terms

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 41

1.6 CNC PILOT design

The dialog between machinist and control takes place via:

 Screen
 Soft keys
 Data input keypad
 Machine operating panel

The entered data can be displayed and checked on the screen. With
the soft key directly below the screen, you can select functions,
capture position values, confirm entries, and a lot more.

With the ERR key you can call error and PLC information.
The data input keyboard (operating panel) serves for the input of

1.6 CNC PILOT design

machine data, positioning data, etc. The CNC Pilot has an
alphanumeric keyboard for easy input of tool descriptions, program
descriptions or comments in an NC program. The machine operating
panel contains all necessary controls for manual operation of the lathe.

Cycle programs, ICP contours and NC programs are stored in memory
in the CNC PILOT.

For data exchange and data backup, you can use the Ethernet

interface and the USB interface.

42 Introduction and fundamentals

1.7 Fundamentals

Zref

Xref

M

M

Z

Z+

Y+

X

X+

Position encoders and reference marks

The machine axes are equipped with position encoders that register
the positions of the slide or tool. When a machine axis moves, the
corresponding position encoder generates an electrical signal. The
control evaluates this signal and calculates the precise actual position
of the machine axis.

If there is a power interruption, the calculated position will no longer
correspond to the actual position of the machine slide. To recover this
association, incremental position encoders are provided with
reference marks. The scales of the position encoders contain one or
more reference marks that transmit a signal to the control when they
are crossed over. This enables the CNC PILOT to re-establish the
assignment of the displayed position to the current machine position.
For linear encoders with distance-coded reference marks, you only
need to move each axis a maximum of 20 mm (0.8 in.) for these, and
a maximum of 20° for angle encoders.

If incremental encoders are without reference marks, fixed reference
positions have to be traversed after switch-on. The control knows the
exact distance between these reference points and the machine
datum (see figure).

With absolute encoders, an absolute position value is transmitted to
the control immediately upon switch-on. In this way the assignment
of the actual position to the machine slide position is re-established
directly after switch-on.

X

MP

X (Z,Y)

1.7 Fundamentals

Axis designations

The cross slide is referred to as the X axis and the saddle as the Z
axis.

All X-axis values that are displayed or entered are regarded as

diameters.

Lathes with Y axis: The Y axis is perpendicular to the X axis and Z axis
(Cartesian system).

When programming paths of traverse, remember to:

 Program a positive value to depart the workpiece.
 Program a negative value to approach the workpiece.

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 43

Coordinate system

The meanings of the coordinates X, Y, Z, and C are specified in DIN
66 217.

The coordinates entered for the principal axes X and Z are referenced
to the workpiece zero point. The angles entered for the rotary axis (C
axis) are referenced to the datum of the C axis.

The axis designations X and Z describe positions in a two-dimensional
coordinate system. As you can see from the figure to the center right,
the position of the tool tip is clearly defined by its X and Z coordinates.

The CNC PILOT can connect points by linear and circular paths of

1.7 Fundamentals

traverse (interpolations). Workpiece machining is programmed by
entering the coordinates for a succession of points and connecting the
points by linear or circular paths of traverse.

Like the paths of traverse, you can also describe the complete contour
of a workpiece by defining single points through their coordinates and
connecting them by linear or circular paths of traverse.

Positions can be programmed to an accuracy of 1 µm (0.001 mm). This
is also the accuracy with which they are displayed.

Absolute coordinates

If the coordinates of a position are referenced to the workpiece datum,
they are referred to as absolute coordinates. Each position on a
workpiece is clearly defined by its absolute coordinates (see figure).

44 Introduction and fundamentals

Incremental coordinates

Incremental coordinates are always given with respect to the last
programmed position. They specify the distance from the last active
position and the subsequent position. Each position on a workpiece is
clearly defined by its incremental coordinates (see figure).

Polar coordinates

Positions located on the face or lateral surface can either be entered
in Cartesian coordinates or polar coordinates.

When programming with polar coordinates, a position on the
workpiece is clearly defined by the entries for diameter and angle (see
figure).

1.7 Fundamentals

Machine zero point

The point of intersection of the X and Z axes is called the machine
zero point. On a lathe, the machine zero point is usually the point of

intersection of the spindle axis and the spindle surface. It is designated
with the letter "M" (see figure).

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 45

Workpiece zero point

To machine a workpiece, it is easier to enter all input data with respect
to a zero point located on the workpiece. By programming the zero
point used in the workpiece drawing, you can take the dimensions
directly from the drawing, without further calculation. This point is the

workpiece zero point. It is designated with the letter "W" (see figure).

1.7 Fundamentals

Units of measure

You can program the CNC PILOT either in the metric or inch system.
The units of measurement listed in the table below apply to all inputs
and displays.

Dimensions Metric Inches

Coordinates mm inch

Lengths mm inch

Angle Degrees Degrees

Spindle speed rpm rpm

Cutting speed m/min ft/min

Feed per revolution mm/rev inch/rev

Feed per minute mm/min inch/min

Acceleration m/s

46 Introduction and fundamentals

2

ft/s

2

1.8 Tool dimensions

The CNC PILOT requires information on the specific tools for a variety
of tasks, such as calculating the cutting radius compensation or the
proportioning of cuts.

Tool length

All programmed and displayed position values are given with respect
to the distance between the tool tip and workpiece zero point. Since
the control only knows the absolute position of the tool carrier (slide),
The CNC PILOT needs the dimensions XL and ZL (see figure) to
calculate and display the position of the tool tip.

Tool compensation

The tool tip is subjected to wear during machining processes. To
compensate for this wear, the CNC PILOT uses compensation values.
The compensation values are managed independent of the values for
length. The system automatically adds the compensation values to the
values for length.

1.8 Tool dimensions

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 47

Tool-tip radius compensation (TRC)

The tip of a lathe tool has a certain radius. When machining tapers,
chamfers and radii, this results in inaccuracies which the CNC PILOT
compensates with its cutting radius compensation function.

Programmed paths of traverse are referenced to the theoretical tool
tip S. With non-paraxial contours, this will lead to inaccuracies during
machining.

The TRC function compensates for this error by calculating a new path
of traverse, the equidistant line (see figure).

The CNC PILOT calculates the TRC for cycle programming. The
smart.Turn and DIN programming feature also takes the TRC for
clearance cycles into account. During DIN programming with single

1.8 Tool dimensions

paths, you can also enable/disable TRC.

Milling cutter radius compensation (MCRC)

In milling operations, the outside diameter of the milling cutter
determines the contour. When the MCRC function is not active, the
system defines the center of the cutter as reference point. The TRC
function compensates for this error by calculating a new path of
traverse, the equidistant line.

48 Introduction and fundamentals

Basics of operation

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 49

2.1 General information on
operation

Operation

 Select the desired operating mode with the corresponding operating

mode key.

 Within the operating mode, you can change the mode through the

soft keys.

 With the numeric keypad you can select the function within the

menus.

 Dialogs can consist of multiple pages.
 Besides with the soft keys, dialogs can be concluded positively with

"INS" or negatively with "ESC."

 Changes made in lists are effective immediately. They are also

saved if the list is closed with "ESC" or "Cancel."

Setup

 You will find all setup functions in the machine mode in "Manual

mode."

 All preparatory work can be performed through the "setup" menu

item and "Set S,F,T."

2.1 General information on operation

Programming – Teach-in mode

 Select Teach-in in the "machine" mode and use the Program list

soft key to open a new cycle program.

 Activate the cycle menu through the Add cycle soft key. Here you

select the operation and enter the details.

 Then press the Input finished soft key. Now you can start the

simulation and check the machining process.

 Start the operation in the machine with "Cycle on."
 Save that cycle after the operation is completed.
 Repeat the last steps for each new operation.

Programming – smart.Turn

 Convenient programming with UNITS in a structured NC program.
 Combinable with DIN functions.
 Contour definition is graphically possible.
 Contour follow-up when used with a workpiece blank.
 Conversion of cycle programs to smart.Turn programs with the

same functions.

50 Basics of operation

2.2 The CNC PILOT screen

The CNC PILOT shows the data to be displayed in windows. Some
windows only appear when they are needed, for example, for typing
in entries.

In addition, the control shows the type of operation, the soft-key
display and the PLC soft key display on the screen. Each function
that appears in a field of the soft-key row is activated by pressing the
soft key directly below it.

Operating mode line

The operating mode tabs (at the top of the screen) shows the four
operating modes as well as the submodes.

Machine display

The machine display field (beneath the operating mode tabs) is
configurable. It shows all important information on axis positions, feed
rates, rotational speeds, and tool.

Other windows used:

 List and program window

Display of program lists, tool lists, parameter lists, etc. To select
specific elements from the list, simply move the highlight to the
desired element with the arrow keys.

 Menu window

Display of menu symbols. This window only appears on the screen
in the Teach-in and Manual modes.

 Input window/Dialog window

For entering the parameters of a cycle, ICP element, DIN command,
etc. Look over the existing data, then delete or edit them in the
dialog window.

 Graphic support window

Input data (such as cycle parameters, tool data, etc.) are explained
with graphics. The switchover key (the key with three rotating
arrows at the left edge of the screen) allows you to switch between
the help graphics for internal and external machining (only for cycle
programming).

 Simulation window

The simulation window shows a graphic representation of the
contour elements and a simulation of the tool movements. This
enables you to check cycles, entire cycle programs, and
DIN programs.

 ICP contour graphics

Display of the contour during ICP programming.

 DIN editing window

Display of the DIN program during DIN programming.

 Error window

Display of occurred errors and warnings.

2.2 The CNC PILOT screen

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 51

2.3 Operation and data input

Operating modes

The active mode of operation is highlighted in the operating-mode tab.
The CNC PILOT differentiates between the following operating
modes:

 Machine—with the submodes:

 Manual (display: "Machine")
 Teach-in (Teach-in mode)
 Program Run

 Programming—with the submodes:

 smart.Turn
 Simulation
 ICP
 TURN PLUS: Automatic working plan generation (AWG)

2.3 Operation and data input

 Tool management—with the submodes:

 Tool editor
 Technology editor

 Organization—with the submodes:

 User parameters
 Transfer
 User login

You can use the operating mode keys to switch between the modes.
The selected submode and the current menu position remain during
the mode change.

If you press the operating mode key in a submode, the CNC PILOT
switches back to the main level of the mode.

At some places, a dialog has to be ended in order to switch
modes (e.g. in the tool editor).

52 Basics of operation

Menu selection

The numerical keypad is used for activating a menu and for entering
data. They are displayed differently depending on the operating mode.

 During setup, Teach-in mode etc., the functions are shown in a

9-field box, the menu window. The meaning of the selected
symbol / menu item is described in the footer.

 In other operating modes, the keypad symbol is shown with the

position of the function marked (see figure).

Press the corresponding numerical key, or move the highlight with the
arrow keys to the symbol on the screen and press the ENT key.

Soft keys

 With some system functions, the available functions are arranged

on several soft-key levels.

 Some soft keys work like "toggle switches." A function is active

when the associated field in the soft-key row is highlighted in color.
The setting remains in effect until the function is switched off again.

 With functions like Take over position you do not have to enter

values manually. The data are automatically written into the
appropriate input fields.

 Data entries are not concluded until the Save or Input finished soft

key has been pressed.

 The Back soft key takes you back to the previous operating level.

2.3 Operation and data input

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 53

Data input

Input windows comprise several input fields. You can move the
cursor to the desired input field with the vertical arrow keys. The CNC
PILOT shows the function of the selected field in the footer of the
window.

Place the highlight on the desired input field and enter the data.
Existing data are overwritten. With the horizontal arrow keys, you can
move the cursor within the input field and place it on the position
where you want to delete, copy or add characters.

To confirm the data you entered in a field, press a vertical arrow key
or the ENTER key.

If there are more input fields than a window can show, a second input
window is used. You will recognize this through the symbol in the
bottom line of the input window. To switch back and forth between
the windows, press the PG UP/PG DN keys.

Data entry is concluded when you press the OK or Input

2.3 Operation and data input

finished or Save soft key. The Back or Cancel soft key
discards input or changes.

smart.Turn dialogs

The unit dialog is divided into fillable forms and the forms are divided
again into groups. The forms are identified by tabs and fine lines divide
each tab into groups. You can navigate between the forms and groups
with the smart keys.

smart keys

Go to the next form

Next/previous group

List operations

Cycle programs, DIN programs, tool lists, etc. are displayed as lists.
You can scroll through a list with the arrow keys to check data or to
highlight elements for operations like deleting, copying, editing, etc.

54 Basics of operation

Alphanumeric keyboard

You enter letters and special characters with the screen keypad or (if
available) with a PC keyboard connected over the USB port.

Enter the text with the screen keyboard

 Press the "Alphabetic keyboard" soft key or the GOTO key to enter

a text, for example a program name.

 The CNC PILOT opens the "text entry" window.
 Just as on a cell phone, you press the numerical keys a few times

to get the desired letters or special characters.

 Wait until the selected character is transferred to the entry field

before you enter the next character.

 Use the OK soft key to load the text into the open dialog field.
 Use the abc/ABC soft key to select upper or lower case.
 To delete individual characters, use the Backspace soft key.

2.3 Operation and data input

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 55

2.4 Integrated calculator

Calculator functions

The calculator can be selected only from open dialogs in cycle
programming or smart.Turn programming. You can use the calculator
in the following three views (see figures at right):

 Scientific
 Standard
 Equation editor. Here you can type in multiple calculations in

immediate sequence (for example 17*3+5/9).

The calculator remains in effect even after a change in
operating modes. Press the END soft key to close the

2.4 Integrated calculator

Using the calculator

 Use the arrow keys to select the input field.

calculator.
The GET CURRENT VALUE soft key enables you to

transfer a numerical value from the active input field to the
calculator. The LOAD CURRENT VALUE soft key enables
you to load the current value from the calculator to the
active input field.

 Use the CALC key to activate and deactivate the

calculator.

 Shift the soft-key menu until the desired function

appears.

 Perform the calculation.

 Press the soft key. The CNC PILOT transfers the value

into the active input box and closes the calculator.

Switching the view of the calculator

 Shift the soft-key menu until the VIEW soft key appears.

 Press the View soft key until the desired view is set.

Mathematical function Shortcut (soft key)

Addition +

Subtraction -

Multiplication *

Division /

Calculations in parentheses ()

Arc cosine ARC

56 Basics of operation

Mathematical function Shortcut (soft key)

Sine SIN

Cosine COS

Tangent TAN

Powers of values X^Y

Square root SQRT

Inversion 1/x

pi (3.14159265359) PI

Add value to buffer memory M+

Save the value to buffer memory MS

Recall from buffer memory MR

Delete buffer memory contents MC

Natural logarithm LN

Logarithm LOG

Exponential function e^x

Check the algebraic sign SGN

Form the absolute value ABS

Truncate decimal places INT

Truncate places before the decimal point FRAC

Modulus operator MOD

Select view View

Delete value DEL

Unit of measure MM or INCH

Display mode for angle values DEG (degree) or

RAD (radian
measure)

2.4 Integrated calculator

Display mode of the numerical value DEC (decimal) or

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 57

HEX (hexadecimal)

Adjusting the position of the calculator

You can move the calculator as follows:

 Shift the soft-key menu until the Additional

functions soft key appears.

 Select "additional functions."

 Position the calculator with the soft keys (see table at right).

2.4 Integrated calculator

Soft keys for positioning the calculator

Move window in the
direction of the arrow

Adjust the increment for movement

Move window to center

Back by one menu level

58 Basics of operation

2.5 Types of programs

The CNC PILOT supports the following programs/contours:

 Teach-in programs (cycle programs) are used in the "Teach in"

mode of operation.

 smart.Turn and DIN main programs are written in the smart.Turn

mode of operation.

 DIN subprograms are written in the smart.Turn operating mode

and are used in cycle programs and smart.Turn main programs.

 ICP contours are generated during Teach-in in the Teach-in or

Manual mode of operation. The extension depends on the contour
described.

In smart.Turn the contours are saved directly in the main program.

Program type Folders Extension

Teach-in programs
(cycle programs)

smart.Turn and DIN
main programs

DIN subprograms "nc_prog\ncps" "*.ncs"

ICP contours "nc_prog\gti"

Turning contours "*.gmi"

Contours of
workpiece blanks

Contours on face "*.gms"

Lateral surface
contours

"nc_prog\gtz" "*.gmz"

"nc_prog\ncps" "*.nc"

"*.gmr"

"*.gmm"

2.5 Types of programs

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 59

2.6 The error messages

Display of errors

The CNC PILOT generates error messages when it detects problems
such as:

 Incorrect data input
 Logical errors in the program
 Contour elements that are impossible to machine

When an error occurs, it is displayed in red type in the header. Long
and multi-line error messages are displayed in abbreviated form. If an
error occurs in a background mode, the error symbol is shown in the
operating mode tab. Complete information on all pending errors is
shown in the error window.

2.6 The error messages

If a rare "processor check error" should occur, the CNC PILOT
automatically opens the error window. You cannot remove such an
error. Shut down the system and restart the CNC PILOT.

The error message is displayed in the header until it is cleared or
replaced by a higher-priority error.

An error message that contains the block number of an NC program
was caused by an error in the indicated block or in the preceding block.

Opening the error window

 Press the ERR key. The CNC PILOT opens the error

window and displays all accumulated error
messages.

Closing the error window

 Press the END soft key—or

 Press the ERR key. The CNC PILOT closes the error

window.

60 Basics of operation

Detailed error messages

The CNC PILOT displays possible causes of the error and suggestions
for solving the problem:

Information on error causes and remedies:

 Open the error window.

 Position the cursor on the error message and press

the soft key. The CNC PILOT opens the window with
information on the error cause and corrective action.

 To exit the info, press the Info soft key again.

"Details" soft key

The DETAILS soft key supplies information on the error message.
This information is only required if servicing is needed.

 Open the error window.

 Position the cursor on the error message and press

the soft key. The CNC PILOT opens the window with
internal information about the error.

 To leave Details, press the DETAILS soft key again.

2.6 The error messages

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 61

Clearing errors

Clearing errors outside of the error window:

 Open the error window.

 To clear the error/note in the header: Press the CE

button.

In some operating modes (such as the Editing mode), the
CE button cannot be used to clear the error, since the
button is reserved for other functions.

Clearing more than one error:

 Open the error window.

2.6 The error messages

 To delete individual errors: Position the cursor on the

error message and press the soft key.

 To delete all errors: Press Delete all.

If the cause of the error has not been removed, the error
message cannot be deleted. In this case, the error
message remains in the window.

Error log file

The CNC PILOT stores errors and important events (e.g. system
startup) in an error log file. The capacity of the error log file is limited.
If the log file is full, it switches to the next one, etc. If the last log file
is full, the first one is overwritten by a new one, etc. If necessary,
switch the log file to see the history. The are 5 log files available.

 Open the error window.

 Press the Log file soft key.

 Open the log file.

 Select previous log file, if needed.

 Select current log file, if needed.

The oldest entry is at the beginning of the log file, and the most recent
entry is at the end.

62 Basics of operation

Keystroke log file

The CNC PILOT stores keystrokes and important events (e.g. system
startup) in the keystroke log file. The capacity of the keystroke log file
is limited. If the log file is full, it switches to the next one, etc. If the
last log file is full, the first one is overwritten by a new one, etc. If
necessary, switch the log file to see the history. 10 log files are
available.

 Open the keystroke log file.

 Press the Log file soft key.

 Open the log file.

 Select previous log file, if needed.

 Select current log file, if needed.

The CNC PILOT saves each key pressed during operation in the
keystroke log file. The oldest entry is at the beginning of the log file,
and the most recent entry is at the end.

Saving service files

If necessary, you can save the "Current status of the CNC PILOT," and
make it available to a service technician for evaluation. A group of
service files is saved that contain information about the current status
of the machine and the machining. See "Service files" on page 562.

The information is summarized in a service files data record as a zip
file.

TNC:\SERVICEx.zip
The "x" designates a consecutive serial number. The CNC PILOT

always generates the service file with the number 1, and all existing
files are renamed to the numbers 2 to 5. An existing file with the
number 5 is deleted.

Saving service files

 Open the error window.

 Press the Log file soft key.

2.6 The error messages

 Press the Service Files soft key.

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 63

2.7 TURNguide context-sensitive
help system

Application

Before you can use the TURNguide, you need to
download the help files from the HEIDENHAIN home
page (see "Downloading current help files" on page 69).

The TURNguide context-sensitive help system includes the user
documentation in HTML format. The TURNguide is called with the Info
key, and the TNC often immediately displays the information specific
to the condition from which the help was called (context-sensitive
call). Even if you are editing in a cycle and press the Info key, you are
usually brought to the exact place in the documentation that describes
the corresponding function.

The control always tries to start the TURNguide in the
language that you have selected as the conversational
language on your control. If the files with this language are
not yet available on your control, it automatically opens
the English version.

The following user documentation is available in the TURNguide:

 User’s Manual (BHBoperating.chm)
 smart.Turn and ISO Programming (smartTurn.chm)
 List of All Error Messages (errors.chm)

In addition, the main.chm "book" file is available, with the contents of

2.7 TURNguide context-sensitive help system

all existing .chm files.

As an option, your machine tool builder can embed
machine-specific documentation in the TURNguide.
These documents then appear as a separate book in the

main.chm file.

64 Basics of operation

Working with the TURNguide

Calling the TURNguide

There are several ways to start the TURNguide:

 Press the Info key if the control is not already showing an error

message

 Click the help symbol at the lower right of the screen beforehand,

then click the appropriate soft keys

If one or more error messages are waiting for your
attention, the control shows the help directly associated
with the error messages. To start the TURNguide, you
first have to acknowledge all error messages.

When the help system is called on the programming
station, the control starts the internally defined standard
browser (usually the Internet Explorer), or otherwise an
adapted browser.

For many soft keys there is a context-sensitive call through which you
can go directly to the description of the soft key’s function. This
functionality requires using a mouse. Proceed as follows:

 Select the soft-key row containing the desired soft key
 Click with the mouse on the help symbol that the control displays

just above the soft-key row: The mouse pointer turns into a question
mark.

 Move the question mark to the soft key for which you want an

explanation, and click: The control opens the TURNguide. If no
specific part of the help is assigned to the selected soft key, the
control opens the book file main.chm, in which you can use the
search function or the navigation to find the desired explanation
manually.

Even if you are editing a cycle, context-sensitive help is available:

 Select any cycle.
 Press the Info key: The control start the help system and shows a

description for the active function (does not apply to miscellaneous
functions or cycles that were integrated by your machine tool
builder)

2.7 TURNguide context-sensitive help system

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 65

Navigating in the TURNguide

It’s easiest to use the mouse to navigate in the TURNguide. A table of
contents appears on the left side of the screen. By clicking the
rightward pointing triangle you open subordinate sections, and by
clicking the respective entry you open the individual pages. It is
operated in the same manner as the Windows Explorer.

Linked text positions (cross references) are shown underlined and in
blue. Clicking the link opens the associated page.

Of course you can also operate the TURNguide through keys and soft
keys. The following table contains an overview of the corresponding
key functions.

The key functions described below are only available on
the control hardware, and not on the programming
station.

Function Soft key

 If the table of contents at left is active:

Select the entry above it or below it

 If the text window at right is active:

Move the page downward or upward if texts or
graphics are not shown completely

 If the table of contents at left is active:

Open a branch of the table of contents. If the
branch is at its end, jump into the window at
right

 If the text window at right is active:

No function

 If the table of contents at left is active:

2.7 TURNguide context-sensitive help system

Close a branch of the table of contents

 If the text window at right is active:

No function

 If the table of contents at left is active:

Use the cursor key to show the selected page

 If the text window at right is active:

If the cursor is on a link, jump to the linked page

 If the table of contents at left is active:

Switch the tab between the display of the table
of contents, display of the subject index, and
the full-text search function and switching to
the screen half at right

 If the text window at right is active:

Jump back to the window at left

 If the table of contents at left is active:

Select the entry above it or below it

 If the text window at right is active:

Jump to the next link

66 Basics of operation

Function Soft key

Select the page last shown

Page forward if you have used the "select page
last shown" function

Move up by one page

Move down by one page

Display or hide table of contents

Switch between full-screen display and reduced
display. With the reduced display you can see
some of the rest of the control window.

The focus is switched internally to the control
application so that you can operate the control
when the TURNguide is open. If the full screen is
active, the control reduces the window size
automatically before the change of focus.

Exit TURNguide

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 67

2.7 TURNguide context-sensitive help system

Subject index

The most important subjects in the Manual are listed in the subject
index (Index tab). You can select them directly by mouse or with the
cursor keys.

The left side is active.

 Select the Index tab
 Activate the Keyword input field
 Enter the word for the desired subject and the control

synchronizes the index and creates a list in which you
can find the subject more easily, or

 Use the arrow key to highlight the desired keyword
 Use the ENT key to call the information on the

selected keyword

You can enter the search word only with a keyboard
connected via USB.

Full-text search

In the Find tab you can search the entire TURNguide for a specific
word.

The left side is active.

 Select the Find tab
 Activate the Find: input field
 Enter the desired word and confirm with the ENT key:

the control lists all sources containing the word

2.7 TURNguide context-sensitive help system

 Use the arrow key to highlight the desired source
 Press the ENT key to go to the selected source

You can enter the search word only with a keyboard
connected via USB.

The full-text search only works for single words.
If you activate the Search only in titles function (by

mouse or by using the cursor and the space key), the
control searches only through headings and ignores the
body text.

68 Basics of operation

Downloading current help files

You’ll find the help files for your control software on the HEIDENHAIN
homepage www.heidenhain.de. Help files for most conversational
language are at:

 Services and Documentation
 Software
 CNC PILOT help system
 NC software number of your control, for example 34056x-02
 Select the desired language, for example English: You will see a ZIP

file with the appropriate help files

 Download the ZIP file and unzip it
 Move the unzipped CHM files to the control in the

TNC:\tncguide\en directory or into the respective language
subdirectory (see also the following table)

If you want to use TNCremoNT to transfer the CHM files
to the control, then in the

Extras>Configuration>Mode>Transfer in binary
format menu item you have to enter the extension .CHM.

Language TNC directory

German TNC:\tncguide\de

English TNC:\tncguide\en

Czech TNC:\tncguide\cs

French TNC:\tncguide\fr

Italian TNC:\tncguide\it

Spanish TNC:\tncguide\es

Portuguese TNC:\tncguide\pt

Swedish TNC:\tncguide\sv

Danish TNC:\tncguide\da

Finnish TNC:\tncguide\fi

Dutch TNC:\tncguide\nl

Polish TNC:\tncguide\pl

Hungarian TNC:\tncguide\hu

Russian TNC:\tncguide\ru

Chinese (simplified) TNC:\tncguide\zh

Chinese (traditional) TNC:\tncguide\zh-tw

2.7 TURNguide context-sensitive help system

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 69

Language TNC directory

Slovenian (software option) TNC:\tncguide\sl

Norwegian TNC:\tncguide\no

Slovak TNC:\tncguide\sk

Latvian TNC:\tncguide\lv

Korean TNC:\tncguide\kr

Estonian TNC:\tncguide\et

Turkish TNC:\tncguide\tr

Romanian TNC:\tncguide\ro

Lithuanian TNC:\tncguide\lt

2.7 TURNguide context-sensitive help system

70 Basics of operation

Machine mode of operation

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 71

3.1 Machine mode of operation

The Machine mode of operation includes all functions for machine
setup, workpiece machining, and Teach-in program definition.

 Machine setup: For preparations like setting axis values (defining

workpiece zero point), measuring tools or setting the protection
zone.

 Manual mode: Machine a workpiece manually or semi-

automatically.

 Teach-in mode: "Teach-in" a new cycle program, change an existing

program, or graphically simulate cycles.

 Program run: Graphically simulate existing cycle programs or

smart.Turn programs and use them for the production of parts.

A Teach-in cycle is a machining step that has already been
programmed for you. This can be any machining operation from a
single cut through to a complex machining task like thread cutting. In
any case, a cycle is always a complete machining step that is
immediately executable once you have defined a few parameters that
describe the workpiece to be machined.

In Manual mode, the cycles that you program are not stored. In

3.1 Machine mode of operation

Teach-in mode, each machining step is executed with a cycle and then
stored and integrated into a complete Teach-in program. You can
subsequently use this program in parts production by repeating it as
often as desired in the Program Run mode.

In ICP programming, any contour can be defined using linear/circular
elements and transition elements (chamfers, rounding arcs,
undercuts). You include the contour description in ICP cycles (see "ICP
contours" on page 360).

You write smart.Turn and DIN programs in the smart.Turn mode of
operation. The DIN programming feature provides your with
commands for simple traversing movements, DIN cycles for complex
machining tasks, switching functions, mathematical operations and
programming with variables.

You can either create "independent" programs that already contain all
necessary switching and traversing commands and are executed in
the Program Run mode, or program DIN subprograms that are
integrated in Teach-in cycles. The commands that you use in a DIN
subprogram depend on the job at hand. DIN subprograms support the
complete range of commands that is available for DIN programs.

You can also convert Teach-in programs to smart.Turn programs. This
enables you to make use of straightforward Teach-in programming,
and then convert the part program to DIN format for subsequent
optimization or completion.

72 Machine mode of operation

3.2 Switch-on / Switch-off

Switch-on

The CNC PILOT displays the startup status. When the system has
completed all tests and initializations, it switches to the Machine
mode of operation. The tool display shows the tool that was last used.

If errors are encountered during system start, the control displays the
error symbol on the screen. You can check these error messages as
soon as the system is ready (see "The error messages" on page 60).

After system start, the CNC PILOT assumes that the tool
which was last used is still inserted in the tool holder. If
this is not the case, you must inform the control of the tool
change.

Monitoring EnDat encoders

If EnDat encoders are used, the control saves the axis positions during
switch-off of the machine. During switch-on, the CNC PILOT
compares for each axis the position during switch-on with the position
saved during switch-off.

If there is a difference, one of the following messages appears:

 "S-RAM error: Saved position of the axis is invalid."

This message is correct if the control has been switched on for the
first time, or if the encoder or other control components involved
were exchanged.

 "Axis was moved after power-off. Position difference: xx mm or

degrees"
Check the current position and confirm it if the axis was in fact
moved.

 "HW parameter changed: Saved position of the axis is invalid."

This message is correct if configuration parameters were changed.

The cause for one of the above listed messages can also be a defect
in the encoder or control. Please contact your machine supplier if the
problem recurs.

3.2 Switch-on / Switch-off

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 73

Traversing the reference marks

Whether a reference run is necessary depends on the encoders used:

 EnDat encoder: Reference run is not necessary.
 Distance-coded encoders: The position of the axes is ascertained

after a short reference run.

 Standard encoder: The axes move to known, machine-based points.

As soon as a reference mark is traversed, a signal is transmitted to
the control. The control knows the distance between the reference
mark and the machine zero point and can now establish the precise
position of the axis.

REFERENCE RUN

Press the Z reference soft key

3.2 Switch-on / Switch-off

Press the X reference soft key

Or press all soft keys

Press Cycle start for the control to traverse the
reference marks

The CNC PILOT activates the position display and switches to the
main menu.

In case you traverse the reference marks separately for
the X and Z axes, you only traverse in either the X or the Z
axis.

74 Machine mode of operation

Switch-off

Proper switch-off is recorded in the error log file.

SWITCH-OFF

Go to the main level of the Machine mode of
operation

Activate the error window

Press the MORE FUNCTIONS soft key

Press the OFF soft key

The CNC PILOT displays a confirmation request.

Press the Enter key or the YES soft key. The software
shuts down

3.2 Switch-on / Switch-off

Wait until the CNC PILOT requests you to switch off the machine.

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 75

3.3 Machine data

Input of machine data

In Manual mode, you enter the information for tool, spindle speed and
feed rate/cutting speed in the TSF dialog box (Set T, S, F input
window). In Teach-in programs the tool information and technology
data are included in the cycle parameters, and in smart.Turn programs
they are part of the NC program.

In the T, S, F dialog box you also define the "maximum speed" and the
"stopping angle."

3.3 Machine data

You can save the cutting data (cutting speed, feed rate) in the
technology database as a function of the workpiece material, the
tool's cutting material and the type of operation. With the Proposed
technology soft key the data are taken into the dialog.

The Tool list soft key opens the tool list (turret list). This list indicates
the current assignment of the tool carrier. There is a place in the table
for every tool holder. During setup, each tool (ID number) is assigned
to a tool holder.

If your machine is equipped with a driven tool, you use the spindle­change key to select the spindle for which the your entries are to
apply. The selected spindle is indicated in the display. For this reason
there are two versions of the TSF dialog box:

 Without driven tool (shown in upper figure): The parameters S, D

and A apply to the main spindle

 With driven tool (shown in lower figure): The parameters S, D and

A apply to the selected spindle

Meaning of the parameters:

 S: Spindle speed / constant speed
 D: Max. spindle speed
 A: Stopping angle
 BW: Angle in the B axis (machine-dependent function)
 CW: C tilting plane angle: Position of the C axis to determine the

work position of the tool (machine-dependent function)

76 Machine mode of operation

ENTER THE TOOL DATA AND TECHNOLOGY DATA

Select Set T, S, F (only available in Manual mode)

Soft keys for "Set T, S, F"

See "Tool compensation" on page 103.

See "Touch off" on page 100.

Define the parameters

Conclude data input

Caution. Depending on the machine, this operation might
cause the turret to turn.

Selecting the workpiece spindle (machine-dependent)

If your machine is equipped with a workpiece spindle, the WP
parameter is shown in the TSF form. The WP parameter allows you to
select the workpiece spindle for machining in Teach-in mode and MDI.

Select the workpiece spindle for machining with WP:

 Main drive
 Opposing spindle for rear-face machining

The WP parameter setting is saved in the Teach-in and MDI cycles and
displayed in the corresponding cycle form.

If you selected the opposing spindle for rear-face machining with the
WP parameter, the cycle is mirrored (in the opposite Z direction). Use
tools with suitable tool orientation.

In the TSF menu, the setting for the WP parameter is
changed when you:

 run a cycle with another WP parameter setting
 select a program during program run

Call the "tool list": Transfer of T number
from the tool list: See "Setting up a tool
list" on page 83.

Transfer of cutting speed and feed rate
from the technology data

 On: Feed per minute (mm/min)
 Off: Feed per revolution (mm/rev)

 On: Constant speed (rpm)
 Off: Constant surface speed (m/min)

3.3 Machine data

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 77

Machine data display

Elements of machine data display
Position display X, Y, Z, W: Distance between tool tip and workpiece zero point

 A black axis letter means the axis is enabled; white means it is not enabled.

Handwheel active Clamping active

3.3 Machine data

Position display C: Position of the C axis

 Empty box: C-axis is not active
 A black axis letter means the axis is enabled; white means it is not enabled.

Display settings of the position display: Can be set via the
MP_axesDisplayMode user parameter. The setting is shown by a letter next to the
position window.

 A: Actual value (setting: REFIST)
 N: Nominal value (setting: REFSOLL)
 L: Following error (setting: SCHPF)
 D: Distance to go (setting: RESTW)

Display of the slide number and C-axis number: A numeral next to the position
window of the axis shows the assigned slide or C-axis number. The numeral is only
displayed if an axis was configured multiple times, e.g. a second C-axis as opposing
spindle.

Distance-to-go display X, Y, Z, W: The distance remaining from the current
position to the target position of the active traversing command

Distance-to-go and protection zone status: Distance-to-go display and display of
status of protective zone monitoring

Protective zone monitoring
active

Position display for four axes: Display of position values for up to four axes. The
displayed axes depend on the machine configuration.

78 Machine mode of operation

Protective zone monitoring
not active

Elements of machine data display

T number display

 T number of the inserted tool
 Tool compensation values

For all of T displays:

 T highlighted in color indicates a driven tool
 T number or ID highlighted in color indicates a mirrored tool holder
 A letter X/Z of the compensation highlighted in color indicates that a special

compensation is active in the X/Z direction

T ID display

 ID of the inserted tool
 Tool compensation values

T ID display without compensation values

 ID of the inserted tool

Tool compensation

 Special compensation only for recessing tools or button tools
 Special compensation value in gray means special compensation is not active
 A letter X/Z of the compensation highlighted in color indicates that a special

compensation is active in the X/Z direction

3.3 Machine data

Additive compensation

 Compensation values in gray means D compensation is not active
 Compensation values in black means D compensation is active

Tool life information

 "T": Black=global tool life monitoring on; white=global tool life monitoring off
 MT, RT active: Monitoring according to tool life
 MZ, RZ active: Monitoring according to part quantity
 All fields empty: Tool without tool-life monitoring

Slide display and cycle status

 Upper field: Setting of the override control
 Lower field with white background: Actual feed rate
 Lower field with gray background: Programmed feed rate with stationary slide

Slide display and cycle status

 Upper field: Programmed feed rate
 Lower field: Actual feed rate

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 79

Elements of machine data display

Slide display and cycle status

 Upper field: Setting of the override control
 Middle field: Programmed feed rate
 Lower field: Actual feed rate

Slide display with rear-face machining

 If rear-face machining is enabled, the slide number is highlighted in blue.

3.3 Machine data

Spindle display with spindle number, gear range and spindle status

 Upper field: Setting of the override control
 Lower field: Actual speed or spindle position

For all of the spindle displays:

 Spindle symbol: Black means the spindle is enabled; white means it is not.
 Numeral in spindle symbol: Gear range
 Numeral at right next to the spindle symbol: Spindle number
 If a spindle key exists, the number of the selected spindle is highlighted in color.
 Spindle status: See "Spindle" on page 82.
 Display of the programmed speed in rpm or m/min
 Display of the actual speed in rpm
 If M19 is active and the machine tool builder has made the setting, when the

spindle is not turning, the display shows the spindle position instead of the
spindle speed.

 If a spindle is in slave mode during synchronous operation, the value "0" is

displayed instead of the programmed speed.

Spindle display with spindle number, gear range and spindle status

 Upper field: Programmed speed
 Lower field: Actual speed or spindle position

Spindle display with spindle number, gear range and spindle status

 Upper field: Setting of the override control
 Middle field: Programmed speed
 Lower field: Actual speed or spindle position

Override display of the active spindle

 F: Feed rate
 R: Rapid traverse
 S: Spindle

Motor utilization: Utilization of the drive motor with respect to the rated torque

 Digital axis and spindle motors
 Analog axis and spindle motors, if set up by the machine tool builder

80 Machine mode of operation

Elements of machine data display
Display of quantity: The quantity is incremented after each M30, M99 or M18

programmed counter pulse.

 MP: Default unit quantity
 P: Number of finished parts

Display of quantity and job time: The quantity is incremented after each M30,
M99 or M18 programmed counter pulse.

 MP: Default unit quantity
 P: Number of finished parts
 t: Run time of the current program
 Sum t: Total time

Display of rear-face machining: Information about rear-face machining is shown
in the RSM display (RSM: Rear Side Machining).

 RSM status
 Active datum shift of the configured RSM axis

B-axis display: The information displayed about the status of the tilted plane varies
depending on the setting of the machine parameters.

 Programmed angular value of the B axis
 Display of the current values I, K, U and W

 I: Plane reference in X
 K: Plane reference in Z
 U: Shift in X
 W: Shift in Z

3.3 Machine data

The machine data display is configurable by the machine
tool builder. The machine data that appear on your screen
may therefore deviate from the example shown.

Cycle statuses

The CNC PILOT shows the current cycle status with the cycle symbol
(see table at right).

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 81

Cycle symbols

Status "Cycle ON"

Cycle or program execution is active.

Status "Cycle OFF"

Cycle or program execution is not active.

Axis feed rate

F is the identification letter for feed data. Depending on which mode

of the Feed rate soft key is active, data is entered in:

 Millimeters per spindle revolution (feed per revolution)
 Millimeters per minute (feed per minute).

On the screen, you can tell the type of feed rate from the unit of
measure in the input field.

You can change the feed value with the feed compensation

controller (feed override) (range: 0 % to 150 %).

3.3 Machine data

Spindle

S is the identification letter for spindle data. Depending on which

mode of the Constant speed soft key is active, data is entered in:

 Revolutions per minute (constant speed)
 Meters per minute (constant surface speed).

The input range is limited by the maximum spindle speed. You define
the speed limitation in the Set T, S, F, dialog box or in DIN
programming with the G26 command. The speed limit remains in
effect until a new speed limit value is programmed.

The speed compensation controller (speed override) allows you to
change the spindle speed (range: 50 % to 150 %).

 If you are machining with a constant cutting speed, the

CNC PILOT calculates the spindle speed from the
position of the tool tip. The smaller the diameter of the
tip, the higher the spindle speed. The maximum spindle
speed, however, is never exceeded.

 The spindle symbols indicate the direction of spindle

rotation as seen from the point of view of the machinist.

 The spindle designation is fixed by the machine tool

builder (see table at right).

Spindle symbols (S display)

Direction of spindle rotation M3

Direction of spindle rotation M4

Spindle stopped

Spindle position-controlled (M19)

C axis on spindle motor is active

Spindle designations

Spindle H0 1

Driven tool 112

82 Machine mode of operation

3.4 Setting up a tool list

Machine with turret

The tools used are listed in the turret list. The ID number of the
mounted tool is assigned to every tool holder in the turret.

In the Teach-in cycle you program the turret position as T number.
The tool ID number is automatically entered under "ID."

The turret list can be set up through the TSF menu or directly from the
cycle dialogs in the Teach-in mode.

 T turret pocket number
 Tool ID (name) is entered automatically.

 Open the Turret list. If the cursor is on the ID input

field, the CNC PILOT also automatically opens the

tool list with the entries in the tool database.

Machine with multifix

Machines with multifix tool holders have one tool pocket in which the
tools are changed manually.

 T turret pocket number: Always T1
 Tool ID (name): Select the ID number from the tool list

 Open the Tool list.

3.4 Setting up a tool list

The turret and multifix tool systems can be used together
on one machine. The machine tool builder defines the
number of the multifix pocket.

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 83

Tools in different quadrants

Example: The principal tool carrier of your lathe is in front of the
workpiece (standard quadrant). An additional tool holder is behind
the workpiece.

When CNC PILOT is configured, it is defined for each tool holder
whether the X dimensions and the direction of rotation of circular arcs
are mirrored. In the above-mentioned example the additional tool
holder is assigned the attribute "mirrored."

If this method is used, all machining operations are programmed as
usual—regardless of which tool holder executes the operation. The
simulation also shows all machining operations in the standard
quadrant.

The tools are also described and dimensioned for the standard
quadrant—even if they are inserted in the additional tool holder.

3.4 Setting up a tool list

Mirroring does not become effective until the machining of the
workpiece, i.e. when the additional tool holder is executing the
machining operation.

84 Machine mode of operation

Filling the turret list from the database

The turret list indicates the current assignment of the tool carrier. The
turret list can be set up through the TSF menu or directly from the
cycle dialogs in the Teach-in mode.

Look at the entries in the tool database in order to move entries from
the database into the turret assignment list. The CNC PILOT displays
the database entries in the lower area of the screen. The cursor keys
are active in this list.

TRANSFERRING TOOLS FROM THE DATABASE

Press the Tool list soft key (when turret assignment
is open) to open the database.

Select the position in the turret assignment list.

Select and sort the entries in the tool database (see soft-key table at
right)

Use the cursor keys to select the entry in the tool database.

Load the selected tool into the turret assignment list.

3.4 Setting up a tool list

Selecting and sorting entries in the tool
database

The CNC PILOT opens the soft-key
menu to select the desired tool type.

Sorts the tools in the displayed list as
desired according to:

 Tool type
 Tool ID
 Tool orientation

Each time the soft key is pressed it
changes to the next sorting mode.

Switches between ascending and
descending sorting.

Not active here

Closes the tool list.

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 85

Filling the turret list

The turret assignment indicates the current assignment of the tool
carrier. When you set up a turret list, you enter the ID numbers of the
tools.

The turret list can be set up through the TSF menu or directly from the
cycle dialogs in the Teach-in mode. The desired turret pocket is
selected through the cursor keys. You can also set up manual
changing systems in the turret assignment (see "Setting up the holder
for manual change systems" on page 496).

SETTING UP A TOOL LIST

Select Set T, S, F (only available in Manual mode)

3.4 Setting up a tool list

Initiate the cycle dialog

Press the Tool list soft key to activate the turret
assignment table.

Adapt the turret assignment (see soft-key table at right).

Soft keys in turret list

Delete entry

Paste entry from clipboard

Cut out entry and save it in the clipboard

Show entries in the tool database

Switch to next menu

Delete the complete turret list

Back by one menu level

Load the T number and the tool ID
number into the TSF or cycle dialog

Close the turret list without loading the T
number and tool ID into the dialog box.
Changes in the turret list remain
effective.

86 Machine mode of operation

Tool call

T is the identification letter for the tool holder. ID designates the tool

ID number. The tool is called by "T" (turret pocket number). The ID
number ID is shown and automatically filled in the dialogs. A turret list
is kept.

In Manual mode, you enter the T number in the TSF dialog box. In
Teach-in mode, "T" and "ID" are cycle parameters.

If a T number is entered in the TSF dialog box with an ID
number that is not defined in the turret list, then the turret
list will be changed accordingly.

Driven tools

 Driven tools are defined in the tool description.
 The driven tool can be operated with feed per revolution if the tool

spindle drive is equipped with a rotary encoder.

 If driven tools are used with constant cutting speed, the spindle

speed is calculated from the tool diameter.

3.4 Setting up a tool list

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 87

Tool life monitoring

If desired, you can have the CNC PILOT monitor tool life or the number
of parts that are produced with a specific tool.

The tool life monitoring function adds the time a tool is used at feed
rate. The quantity monitoring counts the number of finished parts. The
count is compared with the entry in the tool data.

As soon as the tool life expires or the programmed quantity is reached,
the CNC PILOT generates an error message and stops program
execution after the end of the program. If you are working with
program repeats (M99 in DIN programs), the system is stopped after
execution of the current repeat.

 For Teach-in programs, the simple tool life monitoring is available.

Here CNC PILOT informs you when a tool is worn out.

 In smart.Turn and DIN PLUS programs, you have the choice

between the simple tool life monitoring or the tool life

3.4 Setting up a tool list

monitoring with replacement tools option. If you use

replacement tools, the CNC PILOT automatically inserts the "sister
tool" as soon as the tool is worn-out. The CNC PILOT does not stop
the program run until the last tool of the tool sequence of exchange
is worn out.

You activate/deactivate the tool life management in the parameter
"System/General settings for automatic operation/user parameter tool
life."

The type of monitoring data, the "tool life/remaining tool life" or the
"maximum number of pieces/remaining number of pieces" are
managed in the tool data. They are also edited and displayed in the tool
data (see "Editing tool-life data" on page 491).

You can define replacement tools when setting up the turret. The
"interchange chain" can contain more than one replacement tool. The
interchange chain is part of the NC program (see chapter titled "Tool
Programming" in the "smart.Turn and DIN Programming" User's
Manual.)

You must update the data on tool life and number of
pieces in the "tool management" mode when you replace
the insert of a tool.

88 Machine mode of operation

3.5 Machine setup

The machine always requires a few preparations, regardless of
whether you are machining a workpiece manually or automatically. In
Manual mode the following functions are subitems of the Setup menu
item:

 Setting the axis values (defining workpiece zero point)

 Machine reference (axis reference run)

 Setting the protection zone
 Defining the tool change position
 Setting C-axis values
 Defining machine dimensions
 Displaying operating times
 Probing

3.5 Machine setup

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 89

Defining the workpiece zero point

In the dialog, the distance between the machine zero point and the
workpiece zero point (also know as offset) is shown as XN and ZN. If
the workpiece zero point is changed, the display values will be
changed accordingly.

The workpiece datum can now also be set in the direction
of the Z axis using a touch probe. When setting the zero
point, the control checks which type of tool is currently
active. If you select the Workpiece zero point setup
function and a touch probe is inserted, the control

3.5 Machine setup

SETTING THE WORKPIECE ZERO POINT

automatically adjusts the input form. Press NC Start to
start the measuring process. Press the Save soft key to
apply the measured value as workpiece zero point in the Z
axis.

Select Setting up

Select Set axis values

Touch the workpiece zero point (end face)

Define this point as the "workpiece zero point Z"

Enter the distance between the tool and the workpiece zero point as
"measuring point coordinate Z"

The CNC PILOT calculates the workpiece zero point
Z

Machine zero point Z = workpiece zero point Z
(offset = 0)

This makes it possible to enter the zero point shift
directly in ZN

90 Machine mode of operation

Homing the axes

It is possible to home axes that have already been homed. Here you
can select individual axes or all axes simultaneously.

REFERENCE RUN

Select Setting up

Select Set axis values

Press the Machine reference soft key

Press the Z reference soft key

Press the X reference soft key

Or press all soft keys

3.5 Machine setup

Press Cycle start for the control to traverse the
reference marks

The CNC PILOT refreshes the position display.

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 91

Setting the protection zone

With active protection zone monitoring, the CNC PILOT checks for
every movement whether the protection zone in –Z direction would
be damaged. If it detects such a violation, it stops the axis movement
and generates an error message.

The "Setting the protection zone" setup dialog shows the distance
between the machine zero point and the protection zone in –ZS.

The status of the protection zone monitoring is shown in the machine
display if it has been configured by the machine manufacturer (see
table).

3.5 Machine setup

SETTING THE PROTECTION ZONE/SWITCHING OFF THE MONITORING
FUNCTION

Select Setting up

Select Set protection zone

Move the tool with the jog keys or handwheel until it reaches the
protection zone

Use the Take over position soft key to load this
position as protection zone

Protection zone status

Protective zone monitoring active

Protective zone monitoring not active

Enter the position of the protection zone relative to the workpiece zero
point (field: "Meas. pt. coordin.–Z")

Use the Save soft key to load the entered position as
protection zone

Switch off protective zone monitoring

 Protective zone monitoring is not active if the Set

protect zone dialog box is open.

 In DIN programming, you deactivate protective zone

monitoring with G60 Q1 and reactivate it with G60.

92 Machine mode of operation

Defining the tool change position

With the cycle Move to tool change position or the DIN command
G14, the slide moves to the tool change point. Program the tool

change point far enough away from the workpiece so that the turret
can rotate without collision and the tools do not damage the
workpiece during tool change.

DEFINING THE TOOL CHANGE POSITION

Select Setting up

Select the tool change point

Move to the tool change position

Move to the tool change point using the jog keys or
the handwheel and load this position as tool change
point

Enter the tool change position directly

Enter the desired tool change position in the X and Z input fields in
machine coordinates (X = radius dimension).

3.5 Machine setup

The coordinates of the tool change position are entered
and displayed as the distance between machine zero point
and tool carrier zero point. It is recommended to move to
the tool change point and load the position with the Take
over position soft key.

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 93

Setting C-axis values

The "Set C-axis values" enables you to define a datum shift for the
workpiece spindle:

 CN: Position value of the workpiece spindle (display)
 C: Datum shift of the C-axis

DEFINING THE ZERO POINT OF THE C AXIS

Select Setting up

3.5 Machine setup

Select Set C axis values

Position the C axis

Define the position as the C axis zero point

Enter the zero point shift of the C axis:

Confirm entry for CNC PILOT to calculate the C axis

zero point

Delete the zero point shift of the C axis

Expanded form view for machines with opposing spindle

If your machine is equipped with an opposing spindle, the CA
parameter is shown. The CA parameter enables you to specify for
which workpiece spindle (main spindle or opposing spindle) entries for
the "Set C-axis value" function are effective.

The active angle offset is shown in the CV parameter. An angle offset
is activated with G905 to match the position of main and opposing
spindle to each other. This may be necessary if both spindles need to
be synchronized for a part transfer. The "Delete CV offset" soft key
enables you to reset an active angle offset.

Additional parameters for machines with opposing spindle:

 CV: Display of active angle offset
 CA: Selection of C-axis (main spindle or opposing spindle)

94 Machine mode of operation

Setting up machine dimensions

The "Set up machine dimensions" function allows you to save any
positions to use these in NC programs.

SETTING UP MACHINE DIMENSIONS

Select Setting up

Select Set up machine dimensions

Enter the number for the machine dimensions

Assume position of a single axis as machine
dimensions

Assume position of all axes as machine dimensions

3.5 Machine setup

Save machine dimensions

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 95

Calibrating the tool touch probe

The "Calibrate the tool touch probe" function enables you to determine
the exact position values of the tool touch probe.

MEASURING THE TOUCH PROBE POSITION

Insert an exactly measured tool or reference tool

Select Setting up

3.5 Machine setup

Select touch probe

Select tool touch probe

Pre-position the tool for the first direction of measurement

Set the positive or negative traverse direction

Press the soft key for this direction (e.g. –Z direction)

Press Cycle START. The tool moves in the direction
of measurement. The position of the touch probe is
measured and saved when the tool touch probe
releases a trigger signal. The tool returns to the
starting point.

Press the "Back" soft key to terminate the calibration
process. The calibration values measured are saved,
or

Pre-position the tool for the next measuring direction and repeat the
procedure (max. 4 measuring directions)

96 Machine mode of operation

Displaying operating times

In the Service menu, you can view different operating times:

Operating time Meaning

Control on Operating time of the control since being

put into service

Machine on Operating time of the machine tool since

being put into service

Program run Duration of controlled operation since being

put into service

The machine tool builder can provide further operating
time displays. The machine manual provides further
information.

DISPLAY OPERATING TIMES

Select Setting up

Select Service

3.5 Machine setup

Select Display operating times

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 97

Setting the system time

With the "Adjust system time" function, you can set the date and time
on your control.

You will need a mouse to navigate the Adjust system time
input form.

Use the Month and Year soft keys to increment or
decrement the respective settings.

To use an NTP server for setting the time, select a server
from the server list first.

3.5 Machine setup

ADJUST SYSTEM TIME

Select Setting up

Select Service

Select Adjust system time

Select Synchronize the time over NTP server (if available)

Select Set the time manually

Select Date

Select Time

Select Time zone

Press the OK soft key

98 Machine mode of operation

3.6 Tool measurement

The CNC PILOT supports tool calibration

 By touch-off. The setup dimensions are determined by comparing a

tool with an already measured tool.

 By touch probe (stationary of swiveling in the working space;

installed by the machine tool builder).

 By optical gauge (installed by the machine tool builder).

Calibration by touch-off is always available. If a touch probe or an
optical gauge is installed, select these measuring methods by soft
key.

If the tool dimensions are already known, you can enter the setup
dimensions directly in the "tool management" mode of operation.

 The compensation values are deleted during tool

measurement.

 Please note that for drilling and milling tools the center

is measured.

 The tools' type and orientation determine how they are

measured. Note the help graphics.

3.6 Tool measurement

HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 640 99

Touch off

You measure the dimensions relative to a calibrated tool by "touching
the tool off."

FINDING THE TOOL DIMENSIONS BY TOUCH-OFF WITH THE TOOL

In the tool table, enter the tool you want to measure

Insert the reference tool and enter the T number in
the TSF dialog box

Turn an end face and define this coordinate as the workpiece zero

3.6 Tool measurement

point

Return to the TSF dialog box and insert the tool to be
measured

Activate Measure tool

Touch the face with the tool

Enter the value 0 for the measuring point coordinate
Z (workpiece zero point) and save it

Turn a measuring diameter

Enter the diameter value as measuring point
coordinate X and save it

For turning tools, enter the cutting edge radius and
load it into the tool table

100 Machine mode of operation