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MTS TestSuite
Fatigue Templates User Guide
100-256-292 D be certain.
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© 2013 MTS Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.
Trademark Information
MTS, FlexTest, RPC, and TestWare are registered trademarks and MTS Acumen, MTS TestSuite, Station
Builder, and Station Manager are trademarks of MTS Systems Corporation within the United States. These
trademarks may be protected in other countries. All other trademarks are the property of their respective
holders.
Proprietary Software
Software use and license is governed by MTS’s End User License Agreement which defines all rights
retained by MTS and granted to the End User. All Software is proprietary, confidential, and owned by MTS
Systems Corporation and cannot be copied, reproduced, disassembled, decompiled, reverse engineered,
or distributed without express written consent of MTS.
Software Verification and Validation
MTS software is developed using established quality practices in accordance with the requirements detailed
in the ISO 9001 standards. Because MTS-authored software is delivered in binary format, it is not user
accessible. This software will not change over time. Many releases are written to be backwards compatible,
creating another form of verification. The status and validity of MTS’s operating software is also checked
during system verification and routine calibration of MTS hardware. These controlled calibration processes
compare the final test results after statistical analysis against the predicted response of the calibration
standards. With these established methods, MTS assures its customers that MTS products meet MTS’s
exacting quality standards when initially installed and will continue to perform as intended over time.
Manual Part Number—Publication Date—Release
100-256-292 D—August
2013—TestSuite MP 2.6 or later
100-256-292 C—September
2012—TestSuite MP 2.3
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Contents
1.0 Technical Support 9
2.0 Preface 13
3.0 Overview 17
1.1.0 How to Get Technical Support........................................................................................................9
1.2.0 Before You Contact MTS................................................................................................................9
1.3.0 If You Contact MTS by Phone......................................................................................................11
1.4.0 Problem Submittal Form in MTS Manuals...................................................................................12
2.1.0 Before You Begin..........................................................................................................................13
2.2.0 Documentation Conventions.........................................................................................................13
3.1.0 Template Overview.......................................................................................................................18
3.1.1.0 Templates........................................................................................................................18
3.1.2.0 Fatigue Templates...........................................................................................................19
3.2.0 Legacy Template Overview...........................................................................................................21
3.2.1.0 Importing Legacy Data...................................................................................................21
4.0 Test Setup 23
4.1.0 Open the Controller Station...........................................................................................................24
4.2.0 Prepare Controller Station for Operation......................................................................................24
4.3.0 Enable Manual Control.................................................................................................................24
4.4.0 Install Specimen............................................................................................................................25
4.5.0 Disable Manual Control................................................................................................................26
5.0 ASTM Low-Cycle Fatigue (LCF) Strain Template 27
5.1.0 Set Up the Test..............................................................................................................................28
5.1.1.0 ASTM Low-Cycle Fatigue (LCF) Strain Template........................................................28
5.1.2.0 Set Up a Test...................................................................................................................28
5.1.3.0 Fatigue Specimen Parameters........................................................................................29
5.2.0 Dene Test Parameters..................................................................................................................30
5.2.1.0 Strain Test Parameters....................................................................................................30
5.2.2.0 Strain Termination Parameters.......................................................................................30
5.2.3.0 Data Storage Parameters................................................................................................31
5.2.4.0 Extensometer Calibration...............................................................................................32
5.2.5.0 Verify the Extensometer.................................................................................................32
5.2.6.0 Modulus Check at Start Temperature.............................................................................33
5.3.0 Run the Test...................................................................................................................................33
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5.3.1.0 Measure Modulus...........................................................................................................33
5.3.2.0 Strain-Controlled Test....................................................................................................33
5.3.3.0 Strain Test.......................................................................................................................34
5.3.4.0 Reattach Extensometer...................................................................................................35
5.3.5.0 Create a Fatigue Test Report..........................................................................................35
5.3.6.0 Test Completion.............................................................................................................35
5.4.0 View Test Results..........................................................................................................................35
5.4.1.0 Fatigue Test Results........................................................................................................36
5.5.0 Analyze Data.................................................................................................................................36
5.5.1.0 Strain View.....................................................................................................................36
5.5.2.0 Analyze the Test Runs....................................................................................................38
6.0 ASTM Low-Cycle Fatigue (LCF) Elevated Temperature Template39
6.1.0 Set Up the Test..............................................................................................................................40
6.1.1.0 ASTM Low-Cycle Fatigue (LCF) Strain Template........................................................40
6.1.2.0 Set Up a Test...................................................................................................................40
6.1.3.0 Fatigue Specimen Parameters........................................................................................41
6.2.0 Dene Test Parameters..................................................................................................................42
6.2.1.0 Temperature Parameters.................................................................................................42
6.2.2.0 Strain Test Parameters....................................................................................................42
6.2.3.0 Strain Termination Parameters.......................................................................................43
6.2.4.0 Data Storage Parameters................................................................................................43
6.2.5.0 Extensometer Calibration...............................................................................................44
6.2.6.0 Verify the Extensometer.................................................................................................45
6.3.0 Run the Test...................................................................................................................................45
6.3.1.0 Modulus Check at Start Temperature.............................................................................45
6.3.2.0 Start Temperature Strain.................................................................................................45
6.3.3.0 Measure Modulus...........................................................................................................45
6.3.4.0 Ramp to Test Temperature..............................................................................................46
6.3.5.0 Measure Thermal Strain.................................................................................................46
6.3.6.0 Measure Thermal Modulus............................................................................................46
6.3.7.0 Ramp to Start Temperature.............................................................................................47
6.3.8.0 Strain-Controlled Test....................................................................................................47
6.3.9.0 Strain Test.......................................................................................................................48
6.3.10.0 Reattach Extensometer.................................................................................................48
6.3.11.0 Create a Fatigue Test Report........................................................................................48
6.3.12.0 Test Completion...........................................................................................................49
6.4.0 View Test Results..........................................................................................................................49
6.4.1.0 Fatigue Test Results........................................................................................................49
6.5.0 Analyze Data.................................................................................................................................49
6.5.1.0 Strain Elevated Temperature Analysis Denition..........................................................49
6.5.2.0 Analyze the Test Runs....................................................................................................52
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7.0 ASTM High-Cycle Fatigue (HCF) Load Test Template 53
7.1.0 Set Up the Test..............................................................................................................................54
7.1.1.0 High-Cycle Fatigue Load Test Template........................................................................54
7.1.2.0 Set Up a Test...................................................................................................................54
7.1.3.0 Fatigue Specimen Parameters........................................................................................55
7.2.0 Run the Test...................................................................................................................................56
7.2.1.0 Load Test Parameters.....................................................................................................56
7.2.2.0 Load Termination Parameters........................................................................................57
7.2.3.0 Modulus Check at Start Temperature.............................................................................57
7.2.4.0 Data Storage Parameters................................................................................................57
7.2.5.0 Extensometer Calibration...............................................................................................58
7.2.6.0 Verify the Extensometer.................................................................................................59
7.2.7.0 Measure Modulus...........................................................................................................59
7.2.8.0 Load Test........................................................................................................................60
7.2.9.0 Create a Fatigue Test Report..........................................................................................60
7.2.10.0 Test Completion...........................................................................................................60
7.3.0 View Test Results..........................................................................................................................60
7.3.1.0 Fatigue Test Results........................................................................................................60
7.4.0 Analyze Data.................................................................................................................................61
7.4.1.0 High-Cycle Fatigue Load Data Analysis Denition......................................................61
7.4.2.0 Analyze the Test Runs....................................................................................................62
8.0 Transition Test Template 65
8.1.0 Set Up the Test..............................................................................................................................66
8.1.1.0 Transition Test Template Overview...............................................................................66
8.1.2.0 Set Up a Test...................................................................................................................66
8.1.3.0 Fatigue Specimen Parameters........................................................................................66
8.2.0 Run the Test...................................................................................................................................68
8.2.1.0 Strain Test Parameters....................................................................................................68
8.2.2.0 Strain Termination Parameters.......................................................................................68
8.2.3.0 Data Storage Parameters................................................................................................69
8.2.4.0 Load Termination Parameters........................................................................................69
8.2.5.0 Transition Parameters.....................................................................................................70
8.2.6.0 Load Test Parameters.....................................................................................................70
8.2.7.0 Extensometer Calibration...............................................................................................71
8.2.8.0 Verify the Extensometer.................................................................................................71
8.2.9.0 Modulus Check at Start Temperature.............................................................................72
8.2.10.0 Measure Modulus.........................................................................................................72
8.2.11.0 Strain Test.....................................................................................................................72
8.2.12.0 Reattach Extensometer.................................................................................................73
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8.2.13.0 Load Test......................................................................................................................73
8.2.14.0 Create a Fatigue Test Report........................................................................................73
8.2.15.0 Test Completion...........................................................................................................73
8.3.0 View Test Results..........................................................................................................................73
8.3.1.0 Fatigue Test Results........................................................................................................74
8.4.0 Analyze Data.................................................................................................................................74
8.4.1.0 Strain View.....................................................................................................................74
8.4.2.0 Analyze the Test Runs....................................................................................................76
9.0 Transition Test Elevated Temperature Template 77
9.1.0 Set Up the Test..............................................................................................................................78
9.1.1.0 Transition Test Elevated Temperature Template............................................................78
9.1.2.0 Set Up a Test...................................................................................................................78
9.1.3.0 Fatigue Specimen Parameters........................................................................................78
9.2.0 Run the Test...................................................................................................................................80
9.2.1.0 Temperature Parameters.................................................................................................80
9.2.2.0 Strain Termination Parameters.......................................................................................80
9.2.3.0 Data Storage Parameters................................................................................................81
9.2.4.0 Transition Parameters.....................................................................................................81
9.2.5.0 Load Test Parameters.....................................................................................................82
9.2.6.0 Load Test........................................................................................................................82
9.2.7.0 Load Termination Parameters........................................................................................82
9.2.8.0 Extensometer Calibration...............................................................................................83
9.2.9.0 Verify the Extensometer.................................................................................................84
9.2.10.0 Start Temperature Strain...............................................................................................84
9.2.11.0 Modulus Check at Start Temperature...........................................................................84
9.2.12.0 Measure Modulus.........................................................................................................84
9.2.13.0 Ramp to Test Temperature............................................................................................85
9.2.14.0 Measure Thermal Strain...............................................................................................85
9.2.15.0 Measure Thermal Modulus..........................................................................................85
9.2.16.0 Strain Test.....................................................................................................................85
9.2.17.0 Reattach Extensometer.................................................................................................86
9.2.18.0 Load Test......................................................................................................................86
9.2.19.0 Ramp to Start Temperature...........................................................................................86
9.2.20.0 Create a Fatigue Test Report........................................................................................86
9.2.21.0 Test Completion...........................................................................................................87
9.3.0 View Test Results..........................................................................................................................87
9.3.1.0 Fatigue Test Results........................................................................................................87
9.4.0 Analyze Data.................................................................................................................................87
9.4.1.0 Strain View.....................................................................................................................87
9.4.2.0 Analyze the Test Runs....................................................................................................90
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10.0 ASTM Trapezoidal Strain Template 91
10.1.0 Set Up the Test............................................................................................................................92
10.1.1.0 ASTM Trapezoidal Strain Template Overview............................................................92
10.1.2.0 Set Up a Test.................................................................................................................92
10.1.3.0 Fatigue Specimen Parameters......................................................................................92
10.2.0 Run the Test.................................................................................................................................94
10.2.1.0 Strain Test Parameters..................................................................................................94
10.2.2.0 Strain Termination Parameters.....................................................................................94
10.2.3.0 Data Storage Parameters..............................................................................................95
10.2.4.0 Extensometer Calibration.............................................................................................95
10.2.5.0 Verify the Extensometer...............................................................................................96
10.2.6.0 Modulus Check at Start Temperature...........................................................................96
10.2.7.0 Measure Modulus.........................................................................................................97
10.2.8.0 Strain-Controlled Test..................................................................................................97
10.2.9.0 Strain Test.....................................................................................................................98
10.2.10.0 Reattach Extensometer...............................................................................................98
10.2.11.0 Create a Fatigue Test Report......................................................................................99
10.2.12.0 Test Completion.........................................................................................................99
10.3.0 View Test Results........................................................................................................................99
10.3.1.0 Fatigue Test Results......................................................................................................99
10.4.0 Analyze Data.............................................................................................................................100
10.4.1.0 Strain View.................................................................................................................100
10.4.2.0 Analyze the Test Runs................................................................................................102
11.0 ASTM Trapezoidal Strain Elevated Temperature Template 103
11.1.0 Set Up the Test...........................................................................................................................104
11.1.1.0 ASTM Trapezoidal Strain Elevated Temperature Template.......................................104
11.1.2.0 ASTM Low-Cycle Fatigue (LCF) Strain Template....................................................104
11.1.3.0 Set Up a Test...............................................................................................................104
11.1.4.0 Fatigue Specimen Parameters.....................................................................................105
11.2.0 Run the Test...............................................................................................................................106
11.2.1.0 Temperature Parameters.............................................................................................106
11.2.2.0 Strain Test Parameters................................................................................................107
11.2.3.0 Strain Termination Parameters...................................................................................107
11.2.4.0 Data Storage Parameters.............................................................................................107
11.2.5.0 Extensometer Calibration...........................................................................................108
11.2.6.0 Verify the Extensometer.............................................................................................109
11.2.7.0 Modulus Check at Start Temperature.........................................................................109
11.2.8.0 Measure Modulus.......................................................................................................109
11.2.9.0 Ramp to Test Temperature..........................................................................................110
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11.2.10.0 Strain-Controlled Test..............................................................................................110
11.2.11.0 Measure Thermal Strain...........................................................................................111
11.2.12.0 Measure Thermal Modulus.......................................................................................111
11.2.13.0 Ramp to Start Temperature.......................................................................................112
11.2.14.0 Strain-Controlled Test..............................................................................................112
11.2.15.0 Strain Test.................................................................................................................113
11.2.16.0 Reattach Extensometer.............................................................................................113
11.2.17.0 Create a Fatigue Test Report....................................................................................113
11.2.18.0 Test Completion........................................................................................................114
11.3.0 View Test Results......................................................................................................................114
11.3.1.0 Fatigue Test Results....................................................................................................114
11.4.0 Analyze Data.............................................................................................................................114
11.4.1.0 Strain Elevated Temperature Analysis Denition......................................................114
11.4.2.0 Analyze the Test Runs................................................................................................117
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1.0 Technical Support
1.1.0 How to Get Technical Support
Start with your manuals
The manuals supplied by MTS provide most of the inf ormation you need to use and maintain your equipment.
If your equipment includes software, look for online help and README files that contain additional product
information.
Technical support methods
MTS provides a full range of support services after your system is installed. If you ha ve any questions about
a system or product, contact Technical Support in one of the following ways.
Web site
Outside the U.S.
For technical support outside the United States, contact your local sales and service office. For a list of
worldwide sales and service locations and contact information, use the Global MTS link at the MTS web site:
www.mts.com > Global Presence > Choose a Region
www.mts.com > Contact Us (upper-right corner) > In the Subject field, choose
To escalate a problem; Problem Submittal Form
Worldwide: tech.support@mts.comE-mail
Europe: techsupport.europe@mts.com
Worldwide: 1 800 328 2255 - toll free in U.S.; +1 952 937 4000 - outside U.S.Telephone
Europe: +800 81002 222, International toll free in Europe
1.2.0 Before You Contact MTS
MTS can help you more efficiently if you have the following information available when you contact us for
support.
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Know your site number and system number
The site number contains your company number and identifies y our equipment type (such as material testing
or simulation).The number is typically written on a label on your equipment before the system leaves MTS.
If you do not know your MTS site number, contact your sales engineer.
Example site number: 571167
When you have more than one MTS system, the system job number identifies your system.You can find
your job number in your order paperwork.
Example system number: US1.42460
Know information from prior technical assistance
If you have contacted MTS about this problem before, we can recall your file based on the:
• MTS notification number
• Name of the person who helped you
Identify the problem
Describe the problem and know the answers to the following questions:
• How long and how often has the problem occurred?
• Can you reproduce the problem?
• Were any hardware or software changes made to the system before the problem started?
• What are the equipment model numbers?
• What is the controller model (if applicable)?
• What is the system configuration?
Know relevant computer information
For a computer problem, have the following information available:
• Manufacturer’s name and model number
• Operating software type and service patch information
• Amount of system memory
• Amount of free space on the hard drive where the application resides
• Current status of hard-drive fragmentation
• Connection status to a corporate network
Know relevant software information
For software application problems, have the following information available:
• The software application’s name , version n umber , b uild number, and (if available) software patch n umber .
This information can typically be found in the About selection in the Help menu.
• The names of other applications on your computer, such as:
• Anti-virus software
• Screen savers
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• Keyboard enhancers
• Print spoolers
• Messaging applications
1.3.0 If You Contact MTS by Phone
A Call Center agent registers your call before connecting you with a technical support specialist.The agent
asks you for your:
• Site number
• Name
• Company name
• Company address
• Phone number where you can be reached
If your issue has a notification number, please provide that number. A new issue will be assigned a unique
notification number.
Identify system type
To enable the Call Center agent to connect you with the most qualified technical support specialist available ,
identify your system as one of the following types:
• Electrodynamic material test system
• Electromechanical material test system
• Hydromechanical material test system
• Vehicle test system
• Vehicle component test system
• Aero test system
Be prepared to troubleshoot
Prepare to perform troubleshooting while on the phone:
• Call from a telephone close to the system so that you can implement suggestions made over the phone.
• Have the original operating and application software media available.
• If you are not familiar with all aspects of the equipment operation, have an experienced user nearby to
assist you.
Write down relevant information
In case Technical Support must call you:
• Verify the notification number.
• Record the name of the person who helped you.
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• Write down any specific instructions.
After you call
MTS logs and tracks all calls to ensure that you receive assistance for your problem or request. If you have
questions about the status of your problem or have additional information to report, please contact Technical
Support again and provide your original notification number.
1.4.0 Problem Submittal Form in MTS Manuals
Use the Problem Submittal Form to communicate problems with y our software, hardware, man uals, or service
that are not resolved to your satisfaction through the technical support process.The form includes check
boxes that allo w you to indicate the urgency of y our problem and y our e xpectation of an acceptable response
time.We guarantee a timely response—your feedback is important to us.
You can access the Problem Submittal Form at www.mts.com > Contact Us (upper-right corner) > In the
Subject field, choose To escalate a problem; Problem Submittal Form
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2.0 Preface
2.1.0 Before You Begin
Safety first!
Before you use y our MTS product or system, read and understand the safety information provided with your
system. Improper installation, operation, or maintenance can result in hazardous conditions that can cause
severe personal injury or death, or damage to your equipment and specimen. Again, read and understand
the safety information provided with your system before you continue. It is very important that you remain
aware of hazards that apply to your system.
Other MTS manuals
In addition to this manual, you may receive additional manuals in paper or electronic form.
You may also receiv e an MTS System Documentation CD. It contains an electronic copy of the manuals that
pertain to your test system.
Controller and application software manuals are typically included on the software CD distribution disc(s).
2.2.0 Documentation Conventions
The following paragraphs describe some of the conventions that are used in your MTS manuals.
Hazard conventions
Hazard notices may be embedded in this manual.These notices contain safety information that is specific
to the activity to be performed. Hazard notices immediately precede the step or procedure that may lead to
an associated hazard. Read all hazard notices carefully and f ollow all directions and recommendations.Three
different levels of hazard notices may appear in your manuals. Following are examples of all three levels.
(for general safety information, see the safety information provided with your system.)
DANGER:
Danger notices indicate the presence of a hazard with a high level of risk which, if
ignored, will result in death, severe personal injury, or substantial property damage.
WARNING:
Warning notices indicate the presence of a hazard with a medium lev el of risk which,
if ignored, can result in death, severe personal injury, or substantial property damage.
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CAUTION:
Caution notices indicate the presence of a hazard with a low level of risk which, if
ignored, could cause moderate or minor personal injury or equipment damage, or
could endanger test integrity.
Other special text conventions
Important:
Important notices provide information about your system that is essential to its proper
function.While not safety-related, if the important information is ignored, test results may
not be reliable, or your system may not operate properly.
Note:
Notes provide additional information about operating your system or highlight easily
overlooked information.
Recommended:
Recommended notes provide a suggested way to accomplish a task based on what MTS
has found to be most effective.
Tip:
Tips provide helpful information or a hint about how to most efficiently accomplish a task.
Access:
Access provides the route you should follow to a referenced item in the software.
Example:
Examples show specific scenarios relating to your product and appear with a shaded
background.
Special terms
The first occurrence of special terms is shown in italics.
Illustrations
Illustrations appear in this manual to clarify text.They are examples only and do not necessarily represent
your actual system configuration, test application, or software.
Electronic manual conventions
This manual is available as an electronic document in the Portable Document File (PDF) format. It can be
viewed on any computer that has Adobe Acrobat Reader installed.
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Hypertext links
The electronic document has many hypertext links displayed in a blue font. All blue words in the body text,
along with all contents entries and index page numbers, are hypertext links.When you click a h ypertext link,
the application jumps to the corresponding topic.
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3.0 Overview
Topics:
•
Template Overview................................................................................................................................18
•
Legacy Template Overview....................................................................................................................21
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3.0 Overview
3.1.0 Template Overview
3.1.1.0 Templates
Templates eliminate the need to re-create existing information and provide an easy wa y to run standard tests.
Test templates can come from one of several sources:
• An existing test - you open a copy of an existing test and assign it a default name (the original test is not
changed).The new test does not contain test runs or analysis runs from the source test.
• A test that is converted to a template - you can convert a test to a test template (File > Save As > Template).
With the exception of test and analysis runs, specimen definitions, and completed reports, the template
contains all other test information.
• A template supplied by MTS - MTS offers a variety of templates designed to comply with test method
standards (such as ASTM). MTS templates provide all the components you need to run a test, analyze
the test data, and create reports of the results.
Test template content
A template can include all or part of the basic test definition information for one test:
• Procedure
• Monitor displays
• Variables
• Analysis definitions
• Resources
Note:
Although a template can include test resources, if the template is designed for a particular controller
configuration, the resources may not map to (match) the test station resources in your system.
Test definitions
You can add a test definition to a test from a template.The source of the template can be any existing test
or template that has tests.With the exception of test and analysis runs, specimen definitions, and completed
reports, the new test contains all other test information.
Template locations
Projects and project templates exist on disk as folders with the .Project folder name extension.They are
typically located at C:\MTS TestSuite\Projects and C:\MTS TestSuite\Templates, respectiv ely . Report templates
are located in the C:\MTS TestSuite\Report Templates folder.
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Note:Do not rename, move, or change the contents of the Projects or Templates folders outside of
the MTS TestSuite applications.To rename an open project, use the Project Summary window in any
application.
3.1.2.0 Fatigue Templates
Low-Cycle Fatigue (LCF)
The following templates are available for LCF tests and analysis:
Low-Cycle Fatigue Templates
DescriptionTemplate
3.0 Overview
ASTM LCF Strain
ASTM LCF Strain
Elevated T emperature
Legacy LCF
High-Cycle Fatigue (HCF)
The following templates are available for HCF Load tests and analysis:
High-Cycle Fatigue Templates
This template complies with ASTM standard
E606-04 and ASTM standard D3479/D 3479M-96
(Reapproved 2007).The template is designed
to run LCF tests, analyze the resulting data, and
provide reports of the results.
This template complies with ASTM standard
E606-04 and ASTM standard D3479/D 3479M-96
(Reapproved 2007).The template is designed
to run LCF tests with elevated temperature,
analyze the resulting data, and provide reports
of the results.
This template is designed to analyze data
acquired from tests run with the MTS 793.20 LCF
Test application and provide reports of the
results.
ASTM HCF Load Test
Legacy HCF Displacement
DescriptionTemplate
This template complies with ASTM Standard E
466-07 and ASTM standard D3479/D 3479M-96
(Reapproved 2007).The template is designed
to determine the fatigue resistance of materials.
This template is designed to analyze data
acquired from tests run with the MTS 793.20
Advanced LCF (ADVLCF) Test application and
provide reports of the results.
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3.0 Overview
Transition Test
The following templates are available for Transition tests and analysis:
Transition Test Templates
DescriptionTemplate
Transition Test
Transition Test
Elevated T emperature
Trapezoidal Strain
The following templates are available for Trapezoidal Strain tests and analysis:
Trapezoidal Strain Templates
ASTM Trapezoidal
Strain
This template complies with ASTM Standard E
606-04 and ASTM standard D3479/D 3479M-96
(Reapproved 2007).The template is designed
to run Transition Tests, analyze the resulting
data, and provide reports of the results.
This template complies with ASTM Standard E
606-04 and ASTM standard D3479/D 3479M-96
(Reapproved 2007).The template is designed
to run Transition Tests with elev ated temperature,
analyze the resulting data, and provide reports
of the results.
DescriptionTemplate
This template complies with ASTM standard
E606-04 and ASTM standard D3479/D 3479M-96
(Reapproved 2007).The template is designed
to run Trapezoidal Strain tests, analyze the
resulting data, and provide reports of the results.
ASTM Trapezoidal
Strain Elevated
Temperature (Reapproved 2007).The template is designed
20 MTS TestSuite
This template complies with ASTM standard
E606-04 and ASTM standard D3479/D 3479M-96
to run Trapezoidal Strain tests with elevated
temperature, analyze the resulting data, and
provide reports of the results.
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3.2.0 Legacy Template Overview
3.2.1.0 Importing Legacy Data
Import Legacy Data provides support in MTS TestSuite for data archived from previous software products.
The currently supported versions include:
• Model 790.20—Low-Cycle Fatigue (LCF), High-Cycle Fatigue (HCF), and Advance Low-Cycle Fatigue
(ALC) version 4.2 or later
• Model 790.40—Fatigue Crack Growth (FCG) version 4.2 or later
• Model 790.50—Fracture Toughness with J-Integral Characterization of Fracture Toughness (JIC), Linear
Elastic Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness of Metallic Materials (KIC), and E1820 Crack-Tip Opening
Displacement (CTOD) version 4.2 or later
Specialized templates map the archived data to the current format and variables for analysis:
• Advance Low-Cycle Fatigue (ALC)
• E1820 Crack-Tip Opening Displacement (CTOD)
• Fatigue Crack Growth (FCG)
• High-Cycle Fatigue (HCF)
• J-Integral Characterization of Fracture Toughness (JIC)
• Linear Elastic Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness of Metallic Materials (KIC)
• Low-Cycle Fatigue (LCF)
3.0 Overview
Legacy files
Legacy files have a similar naming convention. File names are not case-sensitive: <name><data
type>.<extension>
Legacy File Names
DescriptionItem
The user-supplied name.Name
Data Type Important:
You must select the RD file. Only the RD file is processed.
The data type is one of four following types created for an archive:
• BS—Batch-specimen data
• PR—Procedure data
• RD—Raw data
• TR—Test results
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3.0 Overview
DescriptionItem
The extension indicates the type of test, such as E1820, FCG, or KIC.Extension
Import process
You can import legacy data in the Multipurpose Elite, Fatigue Analyzer, and Fracture Analyzer applications.
If you import legacy data in Multipurpose Elite, you can review the imported data in View Results .You cannot
create tests or test runs that you can run in the application.
The data is mapped from the legacy format and variables to the current format and variab les by the application.
No user intervention is required.
When the import is complete, your test is saved and the test run is initialized. In Explorer, the test run name
appears blue.The next step is to create an analysis run in an analysis application.
Properties
Import Legacy Data Properties
DescriptionItem
Show the name of the Legacy template for the test type, such as Legacy FCG.Template
Show the name of the file you select to import, such as FCG_archiverd.FCG.Files
Import Legacy Data Procedure
To import legacy data:
1. Click File > Import > Legacy Data.
2. In the Import Legacy Data window, click Select, click the Legacy template for the legacy test type, and
click OK.
3. Click Add, navigate to the location of the legacy data files, select the raw data file (nameRD.EXT), and
click the Open button.
4. Click OK.
An informational message provides the name of the specimen selected for the test.
5. Click OK to clear the success or error message.
If there was an error during the import process, the message log contains more detailed information about
the error.
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4.0 Test Setup
Topics:
•
Open the Controller Station...................................................................................................................24
•
Prepare Controller Station for Operation...............................................................................................24
•
Enable Manual Control..........................................................................................................................24
•
Install Specimen.....................................................................................................................................25
•
Disable Manual Control.........................................................................................................................26
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4.0 Test Setup
4.1.0 Open the Controller Station
To open the controller station:
1. Start the Station Manager application.
2. In the Open Station window, select a a configuration file.
3. Click Open to open the configuration file.
4.2.0 Prepare Controller Station for Operation
The following procedure provides a basic outline of the steps required to prepare the controller station for
specimen installation and test operation.
1. Make sure all sensors are properly calibrated.
2. Make sure the test channels are properly tuned.
3. Make sure the polarity of the sensor signals are properly set for the test.
4. Set up error detectors.
5. Set up limit detectors.
6. After the Series 793 Station Manager application is properly set up for operation, make sure the user
access level is not set to Configuration.
The test control application will not allow you to connect to a station when the Station Manager application
user access level is set to Configuration.
4.3.0 Enable Manual Control
To enable manual control of the Station Manager controller:
1. On the Station Manager Station Controls toolbar, click Manual Command.
2. Select the Enable Manual Command check box.
3. Select a control mode.
You control the actuator for specimen installation with a control knob on a control panel mounted near the
load unit. Select y our preference f or a control mode , a channel limited channel (CLC) control mode, a load
control mode, or a stroke control mode can be used.
4. Make sure error and limit detectors are set up.
Because of the potential danger of working near high-pressure hydraulic systems, you must set proper
limit and error detectors before installing specimens.
5. Apply hydraulics, and if necessary, reset interlocks.
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4.0 Test Setup
Warning:
Applying hydraulics can result in sudden actuator motion.
A moving actuator can injure anyone in its path.
Always clear the actuator area before applying hydraulics.
Use the Station Manager’s Station Controls panel for the following steps.
a) Click Reset to clear interlocks.
If the interlock remains on, use the Message Logs window to identify and correct the cause of the
interlock.
b) Click HPU Power Low, and then click HPU Power High.
The buttons stop flashing when pressure is reached.
c) Click HSM Power Low, and then click HSM Power High.
When possible, use low pressure to install specimens.
4.4.0 Install Specimen
The following procedure provides a basic outline of the steps required to install a specimen. Refer to the load
unit and grip manuals for detailed instructions on installing and operating these components in your system.
1. Using manual control, move the actuator close to the specimen grips.
Warning:
Actuator movement can occur when you install a specimen.
Unexpected actuator mov ement can result in personal injury, as your hands will be in a crush
zone during this step.
Ensure that hydraulic power is turned off before placing your hands near the actuator. Read
and understand the safety information in the Safety manual, Series 793 Software manuals,
and Load Frame product manuals.
2. Install the specimen in the grips.
3. Zero the control channel sensor output signal.
4. Install the specimen gage.
5. Zero the gage sensor output signal.
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4.0 Test Setup
4.5.0 Disable Manual Control
To disable manual control of the Station Manager controller:
1. In the Station Manager application, click Manual Command button in the Station Controls panel.The
Manual Command window opens.
2. Deselect the Enable Manual Command check box and close the window.
3. Turn off hydraulics in the Station Manager application.
a) Click HSM Power Off.
b) Click HPU Power Off.
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5.0 ASTM Low-Cycle Fatigue (LCF) Strain Template
Topics:
•
Set Up the Test......................................................................................................................................28
•
Define Test Parameters.........................................................................................................................30
•
Run the Test...........................................................................................................................................33
•
View Test Results...................................................................................................................................35
•
Analyze Data..........................................................................................................................................36
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5.1.0 Set Up the Test
5.1.1.0 ASTM Low-Cycle Fatigue (LCF) Strain Template
The Low-Cycle Strain template applies a small number of high-amplitude cyclic forces to the specimen to
determine the maximum load or fatigue life of a material. A variation of the template performs the test at an
elevated temperature. Both templates are designed to be in compliance with ASTM standard E606-04 and
D3479-07.
After a test run and a specimen geometry are added, a window provides access to all test parameters and
test operation steps.The buttons enable you to perform the steps to run a low-cycle fatigue test.The general
order of the buttons is left to right, from the top row to the bottom row.
As the test runs, you can stop the test to change test parameters. After the test is complete, the data can be
analyzed.
The main features of the low-cycle fatigue template include:
• Buttons enable you to:
• Set up all test parameters
• Verify and reattach the extensometer
• Measure the modulus
• Run the test
• Create a report
• End the test
• Comprehensive monitor views help you monitor test progress.
• Tabular and graphical displays help you review test results.
• Analysis definitions provide analysis results.
• Reports can be generated after the analysis is defined.
5.1.2.0 Set Up a Test
To create and run a new test:
1. Create a new test from a template.
a) Click File > New > Test from Template.
b) In the Create from Existing Test window, select a test.
c) Click OK.
The new test is automatically created and assigned a default name.You can change the name and
enter comments about the new test by clicking the Edit button and making the changes.
2. Create a new test run.
a) Click New Test Run button.
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b) Select a specimen from the Select a Specimen window and then click OK.
To create a new specimen click Add a new item.
c) Review the variables in the Setup Variables window, modify values as necessary, and then click OK.
3. Apply hydraulic power to the system.
a) Reset the interlocks if needed.
b) Click the Low, then High, power buttons.
4. In the MTS T estSuite Custom Message windo w for the template, clic k the buttons to define test parameters,
perform setup tasks, and run tests.
5. When prompted, click Run to run the test.
5.1.3.0 Fatigue Specimen Parameters
Fatigue Specimen Parameters
DescriptionParameter
Diameter - Round
Specimens
Outer Diameter Hollow Round
Specimens
Inner Diameter Hollow round
Specimens
Width - Rectangular
Specimens
Thickness Rectangular
Specimens
Specify the diameter of the reduced cross-sectional
area on the specimen.
Diameter is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the outer diameter of the reduced
cross-sectional area on the specimen.
Outer Diameter is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the inner diameter of the reduced
cross-sectional area on the specimen.
Inner Diameter is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the width of the reduced cross-sectional
area on the specimen.
Width is a specimen variable that other variables
may use in a calculation.
Specify the thickness of the reduced
cross-sectional area on the specimen.
Thickness is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Extensometer Gage
Length (L)
Specify the length on the specimen that has the
reduced cross-sectional area.
Extensometer Gage Length is a specimen variable
that other variables may use in a calculation.
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DescriptionParameter
Elastic Modulus (E)
Yield Strength
Valid at Temperature
The value you specify here represents the slope
value of the material’s stress-strain curve in the
elastic deformation region.
Elastic Modulus is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the stress value at which permanent
deformation occurs.
Yield Strength is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the temperature at which Elastic Modulus
and Yield Strength are valid.
5.2.0 Define Test Parameters
5.2.1.0 Strain Test Parameters
Strain test parameters are entries you make to control the strain test. F or tests that use a sine wave command,
strain test parameters include:
• End level 1
• End level 2
• Cycle frequency
The application checks the values you enter to make sure they are within the system capabilities.
5.2.2.0 Strain Termination Parameters
Strain Termination Parameters
DescriptionItem
Cycles for Stable
Cycle
Stable Cycle
Percent
Specify the number of cycles after which the
specimen is assumed to be stable and beyond cyclic
hardening or softening.
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate
peak-valley stability.
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DescriptionItem
Crack Initiation
Change
Load Failure
Change Percent
Peak Level
Control Change
Total Cycles
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate the
stable load range and crack initiation.
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate the
stable load range and specimen failure.
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate if the
control peak or valley occurs outside the control
range.
Specify a number of cycles for the maximum length
of the test.
5.2.3.0 Data Storage Parameters
Data Storage Parameters Properties
DescriptionItem
Ending Cycles
Sets the number of cycles to save to disk at the end
of the test or when the test stops.
Load Storage
Change
PV Nth Cycle
Stored
Starting Cycles
Time Cycles Per
Log Decade
Stored
Strain Noise Band
Percent
Displacement
Storage Change
Sets the amount of change that must occur in the
maximum load between saves to disk.
Sets the value of N, which is the rate (number) of
peak-valley cycles for a store to disk to occur. For
example, if this parameter is 100, data is saved to
disk every 100 cycles.
Sets the number of cycles to save to disk at the
beginning of the test or when the test is started.
Sets the number of cycles of time data per decade
based on a logarithm to save to disk.
Sets the number of levels between saves to disk.Number of Levels
Sets the range the data must exceed to detect the
peak-valley data.Within this range, points are
considered noise and not peak or valley data.
Sets the amount of change that must occur in the
displacement between saves to disk.
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5.2.4.0 Extensometer Calibration
Extensometer verification
Extensometer calibration ensures accurate data collection.You should verify the extensometer calibration
before performing any testing.To verify extensometer calibration, set the system to load control and ramp to
zero load. At zero load, the strain extensometer is zeroed.
An extensometer includes a strain gage.You should verify its calibration before you run a test.You can verify
the calibration accuracy of a DC sensor/conditioner pair through shunt calibration. Shunt calibration works
by shunting a precision resistor across one arm of the sensor’s Wheatstone bridge.The resulting imbalance
provides a reference value that is recorded on the calibration data sheet that accompanies the sensor.
Note:
With systems that use Series 494 hardware, you can use the HWI Editor application to select the arm
of the bridge where the shunt calibration resistor will be applied.
A current shunt calibration value, tak en before a test, should be compared to the shunt calibration reference
value recorded when the sensor was last calibrated. If the reference value and the current value differ too
greatly, the sensor/conditioner pair should be recalibrated to establish a new shunt reference value.
Significant variations between current and reference v alues can occur if the excitation voltage has drifted, or
the sensor has been damaged or has changed in some other way. It is possible to adjust excitation to
compensate for small-to-moderate changes in the shunt calibration value.
Calibration overview
The calibration process coordinates the interaction between the transducer, a DC conditioning circuit, and a
cable. Calibration of a transducer is a two-step process:
First, a specific output of the conditioner is adjusted to a specific displacement of the transducer.This is
performed by adjusting the excitation voltage and amplification (gain) of the conditioner.
The second step verifies the output of the transducer conditioner versus a known standard displacement o ver
the entire range of measurement.
5.2.5.0 Verify the Extensometer
To verify the extensometer in the LCFS test:
1. Click Extensometer Verification in the Low-Cycle Fatigue Strain test.
A message appears: Click the Run button on the control panel to start the extensometer verification.
2. Click the Run button.
The Run button changes color and a message appears: Put the Extensometer in the zero position. Click
OK when ready.
3. Put the extensometer in the zero position and click OK.
4. Click OK.
The Verify Zero Strain Reading window appears. Accept the value or type an offset as necessary.
5. Click OK.
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The Strain Full Scale window appears.
6. You may want to set this value to 0.1 and click OK.
The Extensometer Verification Prompt window appears.
7. Click to repeat the extensometer verification or click No to continue.
5.2.6.0 Modulus Check at Start Temperature
You should perform a modulus check before you run a test.The standard template allows you to check the
modulus at start temperature and test temperature (for elevated temperature tests). The start temperature
modulus check helps determine if the system is set up correctly. For example, if you have not pulled the zero
pin from your extensometer , the modulus is incorrect. If you type incorrect specimen dimensions , the modulus
is incorrect.
5.3.0 Run the Test
5.3.1.0 Measure Modulus
To check the modulus in the LCFS test:
1. Click Measure Modulus.
The MTS TestSuite Input Parameters window prompts you to enter a load value to ramp to for a modulus
check.
2. Enter a load value and click OK.
3. Click the Run button.
4. A window appears with the Modulus Check Result.
• Click Accept to accept the result.
• Click Reject to discard the result.
• Click Measure Modulus to perform the modulus check again.
• Click View Data Report to see the results in report form.
5.3.2.0 Strain-Controlled Test
A typical low-cycle fatigue (LCF) test sequence includes:
1. Ramp to mean level, if the mean level at the start of the test is not zero . All data recorded during the ramp
is stored in cycle number 0 (zero).
2. Identify a stable cycle for comparison with other test values.
3. Start the test cycle count, start test data collection, and run the test to completion.
4. Ramp the system to the mean load of the last cycle.
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Cycle 0 (zero)
The application collects data for each complete cycle. A cycle starts at mean level and ends at mean level.
In most cases, mean level is zero. For cases where mean level is not zero, a ramp initially occurs to mean
level before the test actually starts.The application stores the data collected during this initial ramp in cycle
count 0.
Stable cycle determination
The application identifies the stable cycle based on user-entered parameters.
Application-determined stable cycle
For an application-determined stable cycle, a consecutive n umber of cycles must remain within the stable-cycle
deviation factor to determine the reference cycle.Typical cycle counts are from 5 to 100 cycles.
Enter the percentage deviation that consecutive cycles must be within, as compared to an initial cycle. If a
cycle deviates beyond this percentage before the stabilizing factor amount is reached, that cycle becomes
the new cycle against which following cycles are compared.Typical stable cycle deviation factors are around
1%.
Test completion
The LCF test runs until it meets one of the termination criteria. Examples of test termination criteria include:
• Non-controlling failure threshold (%)
• Peak-valley deviation
Non-controlling failure threshold (%)
For tests run in strain control, you define a percentage of stable load amplitude to use for failure detection.
When the test reaches the stable cycle, the test compares the peak loads with this cycle to determine if the
test should be terminated due to specimen failure. For tests run in load control, enter the percentage of stable
displacement for failure detection.When the stability reference cycle is reached, the test compares the peak
displacements to this cycle to determine if the test should be terminated due to specimen failure.
Crack initiation determination
After a stable cycle is identified, each subsequent cycle is compared to the stable cycle. If the non-controlling
range (force range f or a strain controlled test) de viates by the user-entered percentage, the application stores
the cycle number as the crack initiation cycle.Typical range drops are near 5%.
Peak-valley control failure
If the control value end levels are not met, the test stops.
Ramp to mean load
When the test is complete, the system changes to force control and ramps to mean load at a rate set by the
user.
5.3.3.0 Strain Test
In the LCFS test:
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5.0 ASTM Low-Cycle Fatigue (LCF) Strain Template
1. Click Strain Test.
The MTS TestSuite Custom Message window appears with the message:Validate test parameter on
runtime display. Click Run Test to start testing. Click Change Parameters to go back and change any
parameters.
2. Click Run Test to start the test. A message appears: Click the Run button to start the Strain test.
3. Click the Run button.The Run button changes color.
4. Click Change Parameters to view the main menu, where you can change parameters and run the test.
5.3.4.0 Reattach Extensometer
If the test stops and you want to resume it, you must reattach the extensometer. On the main menu, click
Reattach Extensometer.
A window appears that shows the End of Test Readings and the Mean Load Test Readings settings and
limits.You can click V erify Settings to see the strain and load readings again or Cancel to return to the main
menu.
5.3.5.0 Create a Fatigue Test Report
On the test main menu, click Report.
The application opens Excel.The Creating Report window shows you the progress as the application
creates a report with the test results.
You can make changes to the report and customize the output using the Reporter Add-In for Excel.
5.3.6.0 Test Completion
When the test is complete, the test stops and you can run the reports. A variety of reporting options satisfy
the standard reporting requirements.When you have generated the reports, you can end the test by clic king
Done.When you have ended the test, you cannot continue to cycle the test or generate reports without the
Reporter Add-In for Excel.
5.4.0 View Test Results
After the test run completes, you can view the test results.
1. In the Explorer panel, click the name of the test run.
2. Click Results.
3. Click on the different tabs to view different types of results.
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5.4.1.0 Fatigue Test Results
The Test Results show the following information about the test run:
• Variable Summary shows all the parameters and their last values for the test run.
• History shows minimum-maximum or peak-valley cycle data in relation to time or an index, such as a
data group, data point, or cycle number.The Y-axis presents data values and the X-axis presents index
values.You can select variables for the chart after the test is done.
• Hysteresis shows the cyclic or group data produced during a test cycle.You can select variables for the
chart after the test is done.
• Variable Array Chart shows all data points that are collected and calculated during each test cycle and
stored in arrays.
• Data Acquisition shows data that was acquired during the test activity. A tab is available for each Data
Acquisition activity.
5.5.0 Analyze Data
5.5.1.0 Strain View
The template is preconfigured with an analysis definition that conforms to the analysis portion of the ASTM
standard.The analysis definition can be used to analyze the test run in either the Fatigue Analyzer or F racture
Analyzer application and contains the following tables and charts.
Inelastic Strain Min Max Table
The Inelastic Strain Min Max table contains the measured and calculated minimum and maximum inelastic
strain values.The table also contains the measured plastic strain range.
Modulus by Cycles Table
The Modulus by Cycles table contains these values:
• Calculated cycle modulus
• Calculated loading modulus
• Calculated unloading modulus
• Hysteresis area
• Calculated first cycle modulus
Peak Valley Data by Cycles Table
The Peak Valley Data by Cycles table contains the peak and valley values of each cycle:
• Load
• Stress
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5.0 ASTM Low-Cycle Fatigue (LCF) Strain Template
• Strain
• Displacement
Cycle Variables Table
The Cycle Variables table contains information about cycle variables . If the value is modified during analysis,
a check mark appears in the Modified column and the value in the Value column differs from the value in the
Original Value column. Modified values do not replace, change, or remove original test results data.
Variable Table
The Variable table contains information about test variables. If the value is modified during analysis, a check
mark appears in the Modified column and the value in the Value column differs from the value in the Original
Value column. The table includes:
• Category
• Display Name
• Value
• Unit
• Modified
• Original Value
• Dimension
• Array
• Calculation
Modified values do not replace, change, or remove original test results data.
Channels by Time
The Channels by Time table lists all data points collected in arrays during Data Acquisition activities. Click
the drop-down button to select the data acquisition activity. Specify the cycle by clicking on the Numeric or
Variable button and select one or more cycle numbers or variables. Arrays included by default include:
• Cycle Index
• Array Index
• Running Time Array
• Displacement Array
• Load Array
• Strain Array
• Elastic Strain Array
• Inelastic Strain Array
• Stress Array
• Stress Array with Ramp to Mean
• Running Time Array with Ramp to Mean
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Summary Data Table
The Summary Data table provides the final values of the variables defined in the Variable Editor.You can
change one or more values in this table and rerun the calculations in the same wa y described for the Analysis
Inputs table. After you refresh the values, the ones you modified have check marks in the Modified column.
The original test data is not lost and does not change.
Charts
The charts provide visual indicators of the data reported in the tables.
• Strain Peak Valley chart shows the strain peak and valley for each cycle of the test.
• Strain vs.Time chart shows changes in the strain during the test.
• Load Peak Valley chart shows the load peak and valley for each cycle of the test.
• Stress Peak Valley chart shows the stress peak and valley for each cycle of the test.
• Stress vs.Time chart shows changes in the stress during the test.
• First Cycle Modulus chart shows the modulus of the first cycle from the start point to the end point.
• Stress vs. Strain chart shows traces of the stress in relation to strain for the first modulus cycle, the third
cycle, the stable cycle, and the last strain cycle.
• Loading Unloading chart shows traces of the stress in relation to strain with markers to indicate the loading
and unloading start and end.
• Stress vs. Inelastic Strain chart shows traces of stress in relation to inelastic strain for the third cycle,
half-life cycle timed, and the last strain cycle.
• Inelastic Strain Min Max chart shows traces for minimum and maximum calculated values f or the inelastic
strain.
• Failure Cycle chart shows the traces for the selected Y-axis variable with markers to indicate the failure
point and the half-life cycle peak valley. Drop-line markers indicate the slope of the trace.
• Modulus chart shows traces for the calculated loading and unloading modulus.
• Load vs.Time chart shows changes in the load during the test.
5.5.2.0 Analyze the Test Runs
Each test that you create from an MTS template contains a default analysis definition that can be used to
analyze the test run in either the Fatigue Analyzer or Fracture Analyzer application.
T o analyz e the test runs, use one of the following methods to open the test in one of the Analyz er applications:
• From either the Fatigue Analyzer or Fracture Analyzer application, click File > Open Test and select the
test that you want to analyze.
• Open the test in the Multipurpose Elite application and on the Tools menu, click Fatigue Analyzer or
Fracture Analyzer.
The selected Analyzer application opens the test.
For more information
See the Fatigue Analyzer User Guide for information on how to create an analysis run.
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Topics:
•
Set Up the Test......................................................................................................................................40
•
Define Test Parameters.........................................................................................................................42
•
Run the Test...........................................................................................................................................45
•
View Test Results...................................................................................................................................49
•
Analyze Data..........................................................................................................................................49
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6.1.0 Set Up the Test
6.1.1.0 ASTM Low-Cycle Fatigue (LCF) Strain Template
The Low-Cycle Strain template applies a small number of high-amplitude cyclic forces to the specimen to
determine the maximum load or fatigue life of a material. A variation of the template performs the test at an
elevated temperature. Both templates are designed to be in compliance with ASTM standard E606-04 and
D3479-07.
After a test run and a specimen geometry are added, a window provides access to all test parameters and
test operation steps.The buttons enable you to perform the steps to run a low-cycle fatigue test.The general
order of the buttons is left to right, from the top row to the bottom row.
As the test runs, you can stop the test to change test parameters. After the test is complete, the data can be
analyzed.
The main features of the low-cycle fatigue template include:
• Buttons enable you to:
• Set up all test parameters
• Verify and reattach the extensometer
• Measure the modulus
• Run the test
• Create a report
• End the test
• Comprehensive monitor views help you monitor test progress.
• Tabular and graphical displays help you review test results.
• Analysis definitions provide analysis results.
• Reports can be generated after the analysis is defined.
6.1.2.0 Set Up a Test
To create and run a new test:
1. Create a new test from a template.
a) Click File > New > Test from Template.
b) In the Create from Existing Test window, select a test.
c) Click OK.
The new test is automatically created and assigned a default name.You can change the name and
enter comments about the new test by clicking the Edit button and making the changes.
2. Create a new test run.
a) Click New Test Run button.
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b) Select a specimen from the Select a Specimen window and then click OK.
To create a new specimen click Add a new item.
c) Review the variables in the Setup Variables window, modify values as necessary, and then click OK.
3. Apply hydraulic power to the system.
a) Reset the interlocks if needed.
b) Click the Low, then High, power buttons.
4. In the MTS T estSuite Custom Message windo w for the template, clic k the buttons to define test parameters,
perform setup tasks, and run tests.
5. When prompted, click Run to run the test.
6.1.3.0 Fatigue Specimen Parameters
Fatigue Specimen Parameters
DescriptionParameter
Diameter - Round
Specimens
Outer Diameter Hollow Round
Specimens
Inner Diameter Hollow round
Specimens
Width - Rectangular
Specimens
Thickness Rectangular
Specimens
Specify the diameter of the reduced cross-sectional
area on the specimen.
Diameter is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the outer diameter of the reduced
cross-sectional area on the specimen.
Outer Diameter is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the inner diameter of the reduced
cross-sectional area on the specimen.
Inner Diameter is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the width of the reduced cross-sectional
area on the specimen.
Width is a specimen variable that other variables
may use in a calculation.
Specify the thickness of the reduced
cross-sectional area on the specimen.
Thickness is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Extensometer Gage
Length (L)
Specify the length on the specimen that has the
reduced cross-sectional area.
Extensometer Gage Length is a specimen variable
that other variables may use in a calculation.
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DescriptionParameter
Elastic Modulus (E)
Yield Strength
Valid at Temperature
The value you specify here represents the slope
value of the material’s stress-strain curve in the
elastic deformation region.
Elastic Modulus is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the stress value at which permanent
deformation occurs.
Yield Strength is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the temperature at which Elastic Modulus
and Yield Strength are valid.
6.2.0 Define Test Parameters
6.2.1.0 Temperature Parameters
Temperature parameters for the low-cycle fatigue strain test include:
• High Temperature Difference
• Low Temperature Difference
• Soak Time
• Start Temperature
• Start Temperature Limit
• Temperature Ramp
• Time to Start Temperature
• Zone 1 Temperature
• Zone 2 Temperature
• Zone 3 Temperature
The application checks the values you enter to make sure they are within the system capabilities.
6.2.2.0 Strain Test Parameters
Strain test parameters are entries you make to control the strain test. F or tests that use a sine wave command,
strain test parameters include:
• End level 1
• End level 2
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• Cycle frequency
The application checks the values you enter to make sure they are within the system capabilities.
6.2.3.0 Strain Termination Parameters
Strain Termination Parameters
DescriptionItem
Cycles for Stable
Cycle
Stable Cycle
Percent
Crack Initiation
Change
Load Failure
Change Percent
Peak Level
Control Change
Total Cycles
Specify the number of cycles after which the
specimen is assumed to be stable and beyond cyclic
hardening or softening.
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate
peak-valley stability.
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate the
stable load range and crack initiation.
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate the
stable load range and specimen failure.
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate if the
control peak or valley occurs outside the control
range.
Specify a number of cycles for the maximum length
of the test.
6.2.4.0 Data Storage Parameters
Data Storage Parameters Properties
Ending Cycles
Load Storage
Change
PV Nth Cycle
Stored
Starting Cycles
DescriptionItem
Sets the number of cycles to save to disk at the end
of the test or when the test stops.
Sets the amount of change that must occur in the
maximum load between saves to disk.
Sets the value of N, which is the rate (number) of
peak-valley cycles for a store to disk to occur. For
example, if this parameter is 100, data is saved to
disk every 100 cycles.
Sets the number of cycles to save to disk at the
beginning of the test or when the test is started.
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DescriptionItem
Time Cycles Per
Log Decade
Stored
Strain Noise Band
Percent
Displacement
Storage Change
Sets the number of cycles of time data per decade
based on a logarithm to save to disk.
Sets the number of levels between saves to disk.Number of Levels
Sets the range the data must exceed to detect the
peak-valley data.Within this range, points are
considered noise and not peak or valley data.
Sets the amount of change that must occur in the
displacement between saves to disk.
6.2.5.0 Extensometer Calibration
Extensometer verification
Extensometer calibration ensures accurate data collection.You should verify the extensometer calibration
before performing any testing.To verify extensometer calibration, set the system to load control and ramp to
zero load. At zero load, the strain extensometer is zeroed.
An extensometer includes a strain gage.You should verify its calibration before you run a test.You can verify
the calibration accuracy of a DC sensor/conditioner pair through shunt calibration. Shunt calibration works
by shunting a precision resistor across one arm of the sensor’s Wheatstone bridge.The resulting imbalance
provides a reference value that is recorded on the calibration data sheet that accompanies the sensor.
Note:
With systems that use Series 494 hardware, you can use the HWI Editor application to select the arm
of the bridge where the shunt calibration resistor will be applied.
A current shunt calibration value, tak en before a test, should be compared to the shunt calibration reference
value recorded when the sensor was last calibrated. If the reference value and the current value differ too
greatly, the sensor/conditioner pair should be recalibrated to establish a new shunt reference value.
Significant variations between current and reference v alues can occur if the excitation voltage has drifted, or
the sensor has been damaged or has changed in some other way. It is possible to adjust excitation to
compensate for small-to-moderate changes in the shunt calibration value.
Calibration overview
The calibration process coordinates the interaction between the transducer, a DC conditioning circuit, and a
cable. Calibration of a transducer is a two-step process:
First, a specific output of the conditioner is adjusted to a specific displacement of the transducer.This is
performed by adjusting the excitation voltage and amplification (gain) of the conditioner.
The second step verifies the output of the transducer conditioner versus a known standard displacement o ver
the entire range of measurement.
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6.2.6.0 Verify the Extensometer
To verify the extensometer in the LCFS test:
1. Click Extensometer Verification in the Low-Cycle Fatigue Strain test.
A message appears: Click the Run button on the control panel to start the extensometer verification.
2. Click the Run button.
The Run button changes color and a message appears: Put the Extensometer in the zero position. Click
OK when ready.
3. Put the extensometer in the zero position and click OK.
4. Click OK.
The Verify Zero Strain Reading window appears. Accept the value or type an offset as necessary.
5. Click OK.
The Strain Full Scale window appears.
6. You may want to set this value to 0.1 and click OK.
The Extensometer Verification Prompt window appears.
7. Click to repeat the extensometer verification or click No to continue.
6.3.0 Run the Test
6.3.1.0 Modulus Check at Start Temperature
You should perform a modulus check before you run a test.The standard template allows you to check the
modulus at start temperature and test temperature (for elevated temperature tests). The start temperature
modulus check helps determine if the system is set up correctly. For example, if you have not pulled the zero
pin from your extensometer , the modulus is incorrect. If you type incorrect specimen dimensions , the modulus
is incorrect.
6.3.2.0 Start Temperature Strain
The Start Temperature Strain button allows you to verify the strain at the start temperature. Enter a value
as necessary and click OK.
6.3.3.0 Measure Modulus
To check the modulus in the LCFS test:
1. Click Measure Modulus.
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The MTS TestSuite Input Parameters window prompts you to enter a load value to ramp to for a modulus
check.
2. Enter a load value and click OK.
3. Click the Run button.
4. A window appears with the Modulus Check Result.
• Click Accept to accept the result.
• Click Reject to discard the result.
• Click Measure Modulus to perform the modulus check again.
• Click View Data Report to see the results in report form.
6.3.4.0 Ramp to Test Temperature
The Ramp to Test Temperature button prompts you to confirm the ramp to test temperature. Click Yes to
start the ramp or click No to prevent the ramp.
If the test is not at test temperature, you can click Measure Thermal Modulus to continue or click Cancel
for the main menu.
6.3.5.0 Measure Thermal Strain
The Measure Thermal Strain button allows you to verify the strain at high temperature. Enter a value as
necessary and click OK to continue.
6.3.6.0 Measure Thermal Modulus
To measure the thermal modulus:
1. Click Measure Thermal Modulus.
The MTS TestSuite Input Parameters window prompts you to enter a load value to ramp to for a modulus
check.
2. Enter a load value and click OK.
A message appears: Click the Run button on the control panel to start measuring the modulus.
3. Click the Run button.
The Run button changes color.
4. A window appears with the Thermal Modulus Check Result.
• Click Accept to accept the result.
• Click Reject to discard the result.
• Click Measure Thermal Modulus to perform the modulus check again.
• Click View Data Report to see the results in report form.
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6.3.7.0 Ramp to Start Temperature
The Ramp to Start Temperature button prompts you to confirm the ramp to start temperature. Click Yes to
start the ramp or click No to prevent the ramp.
Click Run to start the ramp. After the ramp is started, if you click Stop to end the ramp, another ramp occurs
to cool the specimen.
6.3.8.0 Strain-Controlled Test
A typical low-cycle fatigue (LCF) test sequence includes:
1. Ramp to mean level, if the mean level at the start of the test is not zero . All data recorded during the ramp
is stored in cycle number 0 (zero).
2. Identify a stable cycle for comparison with other test values.
3. Start the test cycle count, start test data collection, and run the test to completion.
4. Ramp the system to the mean load of the last cycle.
Cycle 0 (zero)
The application collects data for each complete cycle. A cycle starts at mean level and ends at mean level.
In most cases, mean level is zero. For cases where mean level is not zero, a ramp initially occurs to mean
level before the test actually starts.The application stores the data collected during this initial ramp in cycle
count 0.
Stable cycle determination
The application identifies the stable cycle based on user-entered parameters.
Application-determined stable cycle
For an application-determined stable cycle, a consecutive n umber of cycles must remain within the stable-cycle
deviation factor to determine the reference cycle.Typical cycle counts are from 5 to 100 cycles.
Enter the percentage deviation that consecutive cycles must be within, as compared to an initial cycle. If a
cycle deviates beyond this percentage before the stabilizing factor amount is reached, that cycle becomes
the new cycle against which following cycles are compared.Typical stable cycle deviation factors are around
1%.
Test completion
The LCF test runs until it meets one of the termination criteria. Examples of test termination criteria include:
• Non-controlling failure threshold (%)
• Peak-valley deviation
Non-controlling failure threshold (%)
For tests run in strain control, you define a percentage of stable load amplitude to use for failure detection.
When the test reaches the stable cycle, the test compares the peak loads with this cycle to determine if the
test should be terminated due to specimen failure. For tests run in load control, enter the percentage of stable
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displacement for failure detection.When the stability reference cycle is reached, the test compares the peak
displacements to this cycle to determine if the test should be terminated due to specimen failure.
Crack initiation determination
After a stable cycle is identified, each subsequent cycle is compared to the stable cycle. If the non-controlling
range (force range f or a strain controlled test) de viates by the user-entered percentage, the application stores
the cycle number as the crack initiation cycle.Typical range drops are near 5%.
Peak-valley control failure
If the control value end levels are not met, the test stops.
Ramp to mean load
When the test is complete, the system changes to force control and ramps to mean load at a rate set by the
user.
6.3.9.0 Strain Test
In the LCFS test:
1. Click Strain Test.
The MTS TestSuite Custom Message window appears with the message:Validate test parameter on
runtime display. Click Run Test to start testing. Click Change Parameters to go back and change any
parameters.
2. Click Run Test to start the test. A message appears: Click the Run button to start the Strain test.
3. Click the Run button.The Run button changes color.
4. Click Change Parameters to view the main menu, where you can change parameters and run the test.
6.3.10.0 Reattach Extensometer
If the test stops and you want to resume it, you must reattach the extensometer. On the main menu, click
Reattach Extensometer.
A window appears that shows the End of Test Readings and the Mean Load Test Readings settings and
limits.You can click V erify Settings to see the strain and load readings again or Cancel to return to the main
menu.
6.3.11.0 Create a Fatigue Test Report
On the test main menu, click Report.
The application opens Excel.The Creating Report window shows you the progress as the application
creates a report with the test results.
You can make changes to the report and customize the output using the Reporter Add-In for Excel.
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6.3.12.0 Test Completion
When the test is complete, the test stops and you can run the reports. A variety of reporting options satisfy
the standard reporting requirements.When you have generated the reports, you can end the test by clic king
Done.When you have ended the test, you cannot continue to cycle the test or generate reports without the
Reporter Add-In for Excel.
6.4.0 View Test Results
After the test run completes, you can view the test results.
1. In the Explorer panel, click the name of the test run.
2. Click Results.
3. Click on the different tabs to view different types of results.
6.4.1.0 Fatigue Test Results
The Test Results show the following information about the test run:
• Variable Summary shows all the parameters and their last values for the test run.
• History shows minimum-maximum or peak-valley cycle data in relation to time or an index, such as a
data group, data point, or cycle number.The Y-axis presents data values and the X-axis presents index
values.You can select variables for the chart after the test is done.
• Hysteresis shows the cyclic or group data produced during a test cycle.You can select variables for the
chart after the test is done.
• Variable Array Chart shows all data points that are collected and calculated during each test cycle and
stored in arrays.
• Data Acquisition shows data that was acquired during the test activity. A tab is available for each Data
Acquisition activity.
6.5.0 Analyze Data
6.5.1.0 Strain Elevated Temperature Analysis Definition
The template is preconfigured with an analysis definition that conforms to the analysis portion of the ASTM
standard.The analysis definition can be used to analyze the test run in either the Fatigue Analyzer or F racture
Analyzer application and contains the following tables and charts.
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Inelastic Strain Minimum-Maximum Table
The Inelastic Strain Min Max table contains the measured and calculated minimum and maximum inelastic
strain values.The table also contains the measured plastic strain range.
Modulus by Cycles Table
The Modulus by Cycles table contains these values:
• Calculated cycle modulus
• Calculated loading modulus
• Calculated unloading modulus
• Hysteresis area
• Calculated first cycle modulus
Peak-Valley Data by Cycles Table
The Peak Valley Data by Cycles table contains the peak and valley values of each cycle:
• Load
• Stress
• Strain
• Displacement
Cycle Variables
The Cycle Variables table contains information about cycle variables . If the value is modified during analysis,
a check mark appears in the Modified column and the value in the Value column differs from the value in the
Original Value column. Modified values do not replace, change, or remove original test results data.
Variable Table
The Variable table contains information about test variables. If the value is modified during analysis, a check
mark appears in the Modified column and the value in the Value column differs from the value in the Original
Value column. The table includes:
• Category
• Display Name
• Value
• Unit
• Modified
• Original Value
• Dimension
• Array
• Calculation
Modified values do not replace, change, or remove original test results data.
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Channels by Time Table
The Channels by Time table lists all data points collected in arrays during Data Acquisition activities. Click
the drop-down button to select the Data Acquisition activity. Specify the cycle by clicking on the Numeric
or Variable button and select one or more cycle numbers or variables. Arrays included by default include:
• Cycle Index
• Array Index
• Running Time Array
• Displacement Array
• Load Array
• Strain Array
• Elastic Strain Array
• Inelastic Strain Array
• Stress Array
• Stress Array with Ramp to Mean
• Running Time Array with Ramp to Mean
Test Summary Table
The Test Summary table provides the final values of the variables defined in the Variable Editor.You can
change one or more values in this table and rerun the calculations in the same wa y described for the Analysis
Inputs table. After you refresh the values, the ones you modified have check marks in the Modified column.
The original test data is not lost and does not change.
Charts
The charts provide visual indicators of the data reported in the tables.
Chart Descriptions
DescriptionChart Type
Shows the strain peak and valley for each cycle of the test.Strain Peak Valley
Shows changes in the strain during the test.Strain vs.Time
Shows the load peak and valley for each cycle of the test.Load Peak Valley
Shows changes in the load during the test.Load vs.Time
Shows the stress peak and valley for each cycle of the test.Stress Peak Valley
Shows changes in the stress during the test.Stress vs.Time
Stress vs. Strain
Shows the modulus of the first cycle from the start point to the end point.First Cycle Modulus
Shows traces of the stress in relation to strain for the first modulus cycle ,
the third cycle, the stable cycle, and the last strain cycle.
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DescriptionChart Type
Loading Unloading
Stress vs. Inelastic Strain
Inelastic Strain
Minimum-Maximum
Failure Cycle
Shows traces of the stress in relation to strain with markers to indicate
the loading and unloading start and end.
Shows traces of stress in relation to inelastic strain for the third cycle,
half-life cycle timed, and the last strain cycle.
Shows traces for minimum and maximum calculated values for the
inelastic strain.
Shows the traces for the selected Y-axis variab le with markers to indicate
the failure point and the half-life cycle peak valley. Drop-line markers
indicate the slope of the trace.
Shows traces for the calculated loading and unloading modulus.Modulus
Shows changes in the load during the testLoad vs.Time
.
6.5.2.0 Analyze the Test Runs
Each test that you create from an MTS template contains a default analysis definition that can be used to
analyze the test run in either the Fatigue Analyzer or Fracture Analyzer application.
T o analyz e the test runs, use one of the following methods to open the test in one of the Analyz er applications:
• From either the Fatigue Analyzer or Fracture Analyzer application, click File > Open Test and select the
test that you want to analyze.
• Open the test in the Multipurpose Elite application and on the Tools menu, click Fatigue Analyzer or
Fracture Analyzer.
The selected Analyzer application opens the test.
For more information
See the Fatigue Analyzer User Guide for information on how to create an analysis run.
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Topics:
•
Set Up the Test......................................................................................................................................54
•
Run the Test...........................................................................................................................................56
•
View Test Results...................................................................................................................................60
•
Analyze Data..........................................................................................................................................61
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7.1.0 Set Up the Test
7.1.1.0 High-Cycle Fatigue Load Test Template
The High-Cycle Fatigue (HCF) Load Test performs a load-control test sequence to identify the fatigue life of
a material.
A typical high-cycle under-load-control test includes:
1. Identify a stable cycle for comparison to other test values.
2. Start the test cycle count, start test data collection, and perform the test to completion.
The application checks the various settings and values to make sure they are within the system capabilities
or test requirements.
Stable cycle determination
The application identifies the stable cycle based on user-entered parameters.
Application-determined stable cycle
For an application-determined stable cycle, a consecutive n umber of cycles must remain within the stable-cycle
deviation factor to determine the reference cycle.Typical cycle counts are from 5 to 100 cycles.
Enter the percentage deviation that consecutive cycles must be within, as compared to an initial cycle. If a
cycle deviates beyond this percentage before the stabilizing factor amount is reached, that cycle becomes
the new cycle against which following cycles are compared.Typical stable cycle deviation factors are on the
order of 1%.
Test completion
The high cycle load test runs until it meets one of the termination criteria. Examples of test termination criteria
include:
• Displacement failure change percent
• Number of load cycles
• Peak load level control change
For tests run in load control, you define a displacement peak for failure detection.When the stable cycle is
reached, the test compares the peak displacement against this cycle to determine if the test is complete due
to crack initiation or specimen failure.
Number of load cycles is self-explanatory.
Peak-valley failure can occur when the load value fails to meet a predefined limit or the displacement value
exceeds predefined limits.
7.1.2.0 Set Up a Test
To create and run a new test:
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1. Create a new test from a template.
a) Click File > New > Test from Template.
b) In the Create from Existing Test window, select a test.
c) Click OK.
The new test is automatically created and assigned a default name.You can change the name and
enter comments about the new test by clicking the Edit button and making the changes.
2. Create a new test run.
a) Click New Test Run button.
b) Select a specimen from the Select a Specimen window and then click OK.
To create a new specimen click Add a new item.
c) Review the variables in the Setup Variables window, modify values as necessary, and then click OK.
3. Apply hydraulic power to the system.
a) Reset the interlocks if needed.
b) Click the Low, then High, power buttons.
4. In the MTS T estSuite Custom Message windo w for the template, clic k the buttons to define test parameters,
perform setup tasks, and run tests.
5. When prompted, click Run to run the test.
7.1.3.0 Fatigue Specimen Parameters
Fatigue Specimen Parameters
DescriptionParameter
Diameter - Round
Specimens
Outer Diameter Hollow Round
Specimens
Inner Diameter Hollow round
Specimens
Width - Rectangular
Specimens
Specify the diameter of the reduced cross-sectional
area on the specimen.
Diameter is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the outer diameter of the reduced
cross-sectional area on the specimen.
Outer Diameter is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the inner diameter of the reduced
cross-sectional area on the specimen.
Inner Diameter is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the width of the reduced cross-sectional
area on the specimen.
Width is a specimen variable that other variables
may use in a calculation.
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DescriptionParameter
Thickness Rectangular
Specimens
Extensometer Gage
Length (L)
Elastic Modulus (E)
Yield Strength
Valid at Temperature
Specify the thickness of the reduced
cross-sectional area on the specimen.
Thickness is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the length on the specimen that has the
reduced cross-sectional area.
Extensometer Gage Length is a specimen variable
that other variables may use in a calculation.
The value you specify here represents the slope
value of the material’s stress-strain curve in the
elastic deformation region.
Elastic Modulus is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the stress value at which permanent
deformation occurs.
Yield Strength is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the temperature at which Elastic Modulus
and Yield Strength are valid.
7.2.0 Run the Test
7.2.1.0 Load Test Parameters
Load test parameters include:
• Gage length load control
• Load end level 1
• Load end level 2
• Load frequency
Enter values as necessary and click OK.
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7.2.2.0 Load Termination Parameters
Load Termination Parameters
DescriptionItem
Total Cycles
Cycles for Stable
Cycle
Percent
Crack Initiation
Change
Load Failure
Change Percent
Peak Load Level
Control Change
Specify a number of cycles for the maximum length
of the test.
Specify a number of cycles after which the specimen
is expected to be stable and beyond hardening or
softening.
Specify a percentage used to calculate stability.Stable Cycle
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate the
stable strain range and crack initiation.
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate the
stable load range and specimen failure.
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate if the
load control peak occurs outside the control range.
7.2.3.0 Modulus Check at Start Temperature
You should perform a modulus check before you run a test.The standard template allows you to check the
modulus at start temperature and test temperature (for elevated temperature tests). The start temperature
modulus check helps determine if the system is set up correctly. For example, if you have not pulled the zero
pin from your extensometer , the modulus is incorrect. If you type incorrect specimen dimensions , the modulus
is incorrect.
7.2.4.0 Data Storage Parameters
Data Storage Parameters Properties
DescriptionItem
Ending Cycles
Load Storage
Change
PV Nth Cycle
Stored
Sets the number of cycles to save to disk at the end
of the test or when the test stops.
Sets the amount of change that must occur in the
maximum load between saves to disk.
Sets the value of N, which is the rate (number) of
peak-valley cycles for a store to disk to occur. For
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DescriptionItem
example, if this parameter is 100, data is saved to
disk every 100 cycles.
Starting Cycles
Time Cycles Per
Log Decade
Stored
Strain Noise Band
Percent
Displacement
Storage Change
Sets the number of cycles to save to disk at the
beginning of the test or when the test is started.
Sets the number of cycles of time data per decade
based on a logarithm to save to disk.
Sets the number of levels between saves to disk.Number of Levels
Sets the range the data must exceed to detect the
peak-valley data.Within this range, points are
considered noise and not peak or valley data.
Sets the amount of change that must occur in the
displacement between saves to disk.
7.2.5.0 Extensometer Calibration
Extensometer verification
Extensometer calibration ensures accurate data collection.You should verify the extensometer calibration
before performing any testing.To verify extensometer calibration, set the system to load control and ramp to
zero load. At zero load, the strain extensometer is zeroed.
An extensometer includes a strain gage.You should verify its calibration before you run a test.You can verify
the calibration accuracy of a DC sensor/conditioner pair through shunt calibration. Shunt calibration works
by shunting a precision resistor across one arm of the sensor’s Wheatstone bridge.The resulting imbalance
provides a reference value that is recorded on the calibration data sheet that accompanies the sensor.
Note:
With systems that use Series 494 hardware, you can use the HWI Editor application to select the arm
of the bridge where the shunt calibration resistor will be applied.
A current shunt calibration value, tak en before a test, should be compared to the shunt calibration reference
value recorded when the sensor was last calibrated. If the reference value and the current value differ too
greatly, the sensor/conditioner pair should be recalibrated to establish a new shunt reference value.
Significant variations between current and reference v alues can occur if the excitation voltage has drifted, or
the sensor has been damaged or has changed in some other way. It is possible to adjust excitation to
compensate for small-to-moderate changes in the shunt calibration value.
Calibration overview
The calibration process coordinates the interaction between the transducer, a DC conditioning circuit, and a
cable. Calibration of a transducer is a two-step process:
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First, a specific output of the conditioner is adjusted to a specific displacement of the transducer.This is
performed by adjusting the excitation voltage and amplification (gain) of the conditioner.
The second step verifies the output of the transducer conditioner versus a known standard displacement o ver
the entire range of measurement.
7.2.6.0 Verify the Extensometer
To verify the extensometer in the LCFS test:
1. Click Extensometer Verification in the Low-Cycle Fatigue Strain test.
A message appears: Click the Run button on the control panel to start the extensometer verification.
2. Click the Run button.
The Run button changes color and a message appears: Put the Extensometer in the zero position. Click
OK when ready.
3. Put the extensometer in the zero position and click OK.
4. Click OK.
The Verify Zero Strain Reading window appears. Accept the value or type an offset as necessary.
5. Click OK.
The Strain Full Scale window appears.
6. You may want to set this value to 0.1 and click OK.
The Extensometer Verification Prompt window appears.
7. Click to repeat the extensometer verification or click No to continue.
7.2.7.0 Measure Modulus
To check the modulus in the LCFS test:
1. Click Measure Modulus.
The MTS TestSuite Input Parameters window prompts you to enter a load value to ramp to for a modulus
check.
2. Enter a load value and click OK.
3. Click the Run button.
4. A window appears with the Modulus Check Result.
• Click Accept to accept the result.
• Click Reject to discard the result.
• Click Measure Modulus to perform the modulus check again.
• Click View Data Report to see the results in report form.
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7.2.8.0 Load Test
1. Click Load Test.
The MTS TestSuite Custom Message window appears with the message:Validate test parameter on
runtime display. Click Run Test to start testing. Click Change Parameters to go back and change any
parameters.
2. Click Run Test to start the test.
A message appears: Click the Run button to start the Strain test.
3. Click the Run button.
The Run button changes color.
4. Click Change Parameters to view the main menu, where you can change parameters and run the test.
7.2.9.0 Create a Fatigue Test Report
On the test main menu, click Report.
The application opens Excel.The Creating Report window shows you the progress as the application
creates a report with the test results.
You can make changes to the report and customize the output using the Reporter Add-In for Excel.
7.2.10.0 Test Completion
When the test is complete, the test stops and you can run the reports. A variety of reporting options satisfy
the standard reporting requirements.When you have generated the reports, you can end the test by clic king
Done.When you have ended the test, you cannot continue to cycle the test or generate reports without the
Reporter Add-In for Excel.
7.3.0 View Test Results
After the test run completes, you can view the test results.
1. In the Explorer panel, click the name of the test run.
2. Click Results.
3. Click on the different tabs to view different types of results.
7.3.1.0 Fatigue Test Results
The Test Results show the following information about the test run:
• Variable Summary shows all the parameters and their last values for the test run.
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• History shows minimum-maximum or peak-valley cycle data in relation to time or an index, such as a
data group, data point, or cycle number.The Y-axis presents data values and the X-axis presents index
values.You can select variables for the chart after the test is done.
• Hysteresis shows the cyclic or group data produced during a test cycle.You can select variables for the
chart after the test is done.
• Variable Array Chart shows all data points that are collected and calculated during each test cycle and
stored in arrays.
• Data Acquisition shows data that was acquired during the test activity. A tab is available for each Data
Acquisition activity.
7.4.0 Analyze Data
7.4.1.0 High-Cycle Fatigue Load Data Analysis Definition
The template is preconfigured with an analysis definition that conforms to the analysis portion of the ASTM
standard.The analysis definition can be used to analyze the test run in either the Fatigue Analyzer or F racture
Analyzer application and contains the following tables and charts.
Peak Valley Data Table
The Peak Valley Data by Cycles table contains the peak and valley values of each cycle:
• Load
• Stress
• Strain
• Displacement
Cycle Variables Table
The Cycle Variables table contains information about cycle variables . If the value is modified during analysis,
a check mark appears in the Modified column and the value in the Value column differs from the value in the
Original Value column. Modified values do not replace, change, or remove original test results data.
Variables Table
The Variables table contains information about test variables . If the v alue is modified during analysis, a chec k
mark appears in the Modified column and the value in the Value column differs from the value in the Original
Value column. The table includes:
• Category
• Display Name
• Value
• Unit
• Modified
• Original Value
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• Dimension
• Array
• Calculation
Modified values do not replace, change, or remove original test results data.
Channels by Time Table
The Channels by Time table lists all data points collected in arrays during Data Acquisition activities. Click
the drop-down button to select the Data Acquisition activity. Specify the cycle by clicking on the Numeric
or Variable button and select one or more cycle numbers or variables. Arrays included by default include:
• Cycle Index
• Array Index
• Running Time Array
• Displacement Array
• Load Array
• Strain Array
• Elastic Strain Array
• Inelastic Strain Array
• Stress Array
• Stress Array with Ramp to Mean
• Running Time Array with Ramp to Mean
Charts
The charts provide visual indicators of the data reported in the tables.
• Displacement Peak Valley chart shows the displacement peak and valley for each cycle of the test.
• Displacement vs.Time chart shows changes in the displacement during the test.
• Load Peak Valley chart shows the load peak and valley for each cycle of the test.
• Load vs.Time chart shows changes in the load during the test.
• Stress Peak Valley chart shows the stress peak and valley for each cycle of the test
• Stress vs.Time chart shows changes in the stress during the test.
• Failure Cycle chart shows the traces for the selected Y-axis variable with markers to indicate the failure
point and the half-life cycle peak valley. Drop-line markers indicate the slope of the trace.
7.4.2.0 Analyze the Test Runs
Each test that you create from an MTS template contains a default analysis definition that can be used to
analyze the test run in either the Fatigue Analyzer or Fracture Analyzer application.
T o analyz e the test runs, use one of the following methods to open the test in one of the Analyz er applications:
• From either the Fatigue Analyzer or Fracture Analyzer application, click File > Open Test and select the
test that you want to analyze.
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• Open the test in the Multipurpose Elite application and on the Tools menu, click Fatigue Analyzer or
Fracture Analyzer.
The selected Analyzer application opens the test.
For more information
See the Fatigue Analyzer User Guide for information on how to create an analysis run.
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Topics:
•
Set Up the Test......................................................................................................................................66
•
Run the Test...........................................................................................................................................68
•
View Test Results...................................................................................................................................73
•
Analyze Data..........................................................................................................................................74
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8.1.0 Set Up the Test
8.1.1.0 Transition Test Template Overview
The Transition Test template provides procedural steps that allow you to perform a low-cycle fatigue (LCF)
strain-controlled test with a transition to a high-cycle fatigue (HCF) load-controlled test.
8.1.2.0 Set Up a Test
To create and run a new test:
1. Create a new test from a template.
a) Click File > New > Test from Template.
b) In the Create from Existing Test window, select a test.
c) Click OK.
The new test is automatically created and assigned a default name.You can change the name and
enter comments about the new test by clicking the Edit button and making the changes.
2. Create a new test run.
a) Click New Test Run button.
b) Select a specimen from the Select a Specimen window and then click OK.
To create a new specimen click Add a new item.
c) Review the variables in the Setup Variables window, modify values as necessary, and then click OK.
3. Apply hydraulic power to the system.
a) Reset the interlocks if needed.
b) Click the Low, then High, power buttons.
4. In the MTS T estSuite Custom Message windo w for the template, clic k the buttons to define test parameters,
perform setup tasks, and run tests.
5. When prompted, click Run to run the test.
8.1.3.0 Fatigue Specimen Parameters
Fatigue Specimen Parameters
DescriptionParameter
Diameter - Round
Specimens
Specify the diameter of the reduced cross-sectional
area on the specimen.
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variables may use in a calculation.
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DescriptionParameter
Outer Diameter Hollow Round
Specimens
Inner Diameter Hollow round
Specimens
Width - Rectangular
Specimens
Thickness Rectangular
Specimens
Extensometer Gage
Length (L)
Specify the outer diameter of the reduced
cross-sectional area on the specimen.
Outer Diameter is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the inner diameter of the reduced
cross-sectional area on the specimen.
Inner Diameter is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the width of the reduced cross-sectional
area on the specimen.
Width is a specimen variable that other variables
may use in a calculation.
Specify the thickness of the reduced
cross-sectional area on the specimen.
Thickness is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the length on the specimen that has the
reduced cross-sectional area.
Elastic Modulus (E)
Yield Strength
Valid at Temperature
Extensometer Gage Length is a specimen variable
that other variables may use in a calculation.
The value you specify here represents the slope
value of the material’s stress-strain curve in the
elastic deformation region.
Elastic Modulus is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the stress value at which permanent
deformation occurs.
Yield Strength is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the temperature at which Elastic Modulus
and Yield Strength are valid.
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8.2.0 Run the Test
8.2.1.0 Strain Test Parameters
Strain test parameters are entries you make to control the strain test. F or tests that use a sine wave command,
strain test parameters include:
• End level 1
• End level 2
• Cycle frequency
The application checks the values you enter to make sure they are within the system capabilities.
8.2.2.0 Strain Termination Parameters
Strain Termination Parameters
Cycles for Stable
Cycle
Stable Cycle
Percent
Crack Initiation
Change
Load Failure
Change Percent
Peak Level
Control Change
Total Cycles
DescriptionItem
Specify the number of cycles after which the
specimen is assumed to be stable and beyond cyclic
hardening or softening.
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate
peak-valley stability.
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate the
stable load range and crack initiation.
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate the
stable load range and specimen failure.
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate if the
control peak or valley occurs outside the control
range.
Specify a number of cycles for the maximum length
of the test.
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8.2.3.0 Data Storage Parameters
Data Storage Parameters Properties
DescriptionItem
8.0 Transition Test Template
Ending Cycles
Load Storage
Change
PV Nth Cycle
Stored
Starting Cycles
Time Cycles Per
Log Decade
Stored
Strain Noise Band
Percent
Displacement
Storage Change
Sets the number of cycles to save to disk at the end
of the test or when the test stops.
Sets the amount of change that must occur in the
maximum load between saves to disk.
Sets the value of N, which is the rate (number) of
peak-valley cycles for a store to disk to occur. For
example, if this parameter is 100, data is saved to
disk every 100 cycles.
Sets the number of cycles to save to disk at the
beginning of the test or when the test is started.
Sets the number of cycles of time data per decade
based on a logarithm to save to disk.
Sets the number of levels between saves to disk.Number of Levels
Sets the range the data must exceed to detect the
peak-valley data.Within this range, points are
considered noise and not peak or valley data.
Sets the amount of change that must occur in the
displacement between saves to disk.
8.2.4.0 Load Termination Parameters
Load Termination Parameters
DescriptionItem
Total Cycles
Cycles for Stable
Cycle
Percent
Specify a number of cycles for the maximum length
of the test.
Specify a number of cycles after which the specimen
is expected to be stable and beyond hardening or
softening.
Specify a percentage used to calculate stability.Stable Cycle
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DescriptionItem
Crack Initiation
Change
Load Failure
Change Percent
Peak Load Level
Control Change
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate the
stable strain range and crack initiation.
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate the
stable load range and specimen failure.
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate if the
load control peak occurs outside the control range.
8.2.5.0 Transition Parameters
Transition parameters include:
• Inelastic Strain Transition Limit
• Test Time Limit
• Transition Maximum Stress Percent Change
• Transition Monitoring Minutes
• Transition Stress-A Ratio Percent
After an amount of time passes equal to the test time limit minus the transition monitoring minutes, monitoring
begins for the following conditions:
• Inelastic strain does not exceed the Inelastic strain transition limit.
• Maximum stress does not change more than the Max Stress percent change amount.
• Stress-A Ratio does not change by more than the Stress-A ratio percent change amount.
Monitoring occurs for the amount of time specified as the transition monitoring minutes.
If the test passes this criteria, the application shows a message. Click OK to end the test.The application
transitions to load control.
8.2.6.0 Load Test Parameters
Load test parameters include:
• Gage length load control
• Load end level 1
• Load end level 2
• Load frequency
Enter values as necessary and click OK.
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8.2.7.0 Extensometer Calibration
Extensometer verification
Extensometer calibration ensures accurate data collection.You should verify the extensometer calibration
before performing any testing.To verify extensometer calibration, set the system to load control and ramp to
zero load. At zero load, the strain extensometer is zeroed.
An extensometer includes a strain gage.You should verify its calibration before you run a test.You can verify
the calibration accuracy of a DC sensor/conditioner pair through shunt calibration. Shunt calibration works
by shunting a precision resistor across one arm of the sensor’s Wheatstone bridge.The resulting imbalance
provides a reference value that is recorded on the calibration data sheet that accompanies the sensor.
Note:
With systems that use Series 494 hardware, you can use the HWI Editor application to select the arm
of the bridge where the shunt calibration resistor will be applied.
A current shunt calibration value, tak en before a test, should be compared to the shunt calibration reference
value recorded when the sensor was last calibrated. If the reference value and the current value differ too
greatly, the sensor/conditioner pair should be recalibrated to establish a new shunt reference value.
Significant variations between current and reference v alues can occur if the excitation voltage has drifted, or
the sensor has been damaged or has changed in some other way. It is possible to adjust excitation to
compensate for small-to-moderate changes in the shunt calibration value.
Calibration overview
The calibration process coordinates the interaction between the transducer, a DC conditioning circuit, and a
cable. Calibration of a transducer is a two-step process:
First, a specific output of the conditioner is adjusted to a specific displacement of the transducer.This is
performed by adjusting the excitation voltage and amplification (gain) of the conditioner.
The second step verifies the output of the transducer conditioner versus a known standard displacement o ver
the entire range of measurement.
8.2.8.0 Verify the Extensometer
To verify the extensometer in the LCFS test:
1. Click Extensometer Verification in the Low-Cycle Fatigue Strain test.
A message appears: Click the Run button on the control panel to start the extensometer verification.
2. Click the Run button.
The Run button changes color and a message appears: Put the Extensometer in the zero position. Click
OK when ready.
3. Put the extensometer in the zero position and click OK.
4. Click OK.
The Verify Zero Strain Reading window appears. Accept the value or type an offset as necessary.
5. Click OK.
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The Strain Full Scale window appears.
6. You may want to set this value to 0.1 and click OK.
The Extensometer Verification Prompt window appears.
7. Click to repeat the extensometer verification or click No to continue.
8.2.9.0 Modulus Check at Start Temperature
You should perform a modulus check before you run a test.The standard template allows you to check the
modulus at start temperature and test temperature (for elevated temperature tests). The start temperature
modulus check helps determine if the system is set up correctly. For example, if you have not pulled the zero
pin from your extensometer , the modulus is incorrect. If you type incorrect specimen dimensions , the modulus
is incorrect.
8.2.10.0 Measure Modulus
To check the modulus in the LCFS test:
1. Click Measure Modulus.
The MTS TestSuite Input Parameters window prompts you to enter a load value to ramp to for a modulus
check.
2. Enter a load value and click OK.
3. Click the Run button.
4. A window appears with the Modulus Check Result.
• Click Accept to accept the result.
• Click Reject to discard the result.
• Click Measure Modulus to perform the modulus check again.
• Click View Data Report to see the results in report form.
8.2.11.0 Strain Test
In the LCFS test:
1. Click Strain Test.
The MTS TestSuite Custom Message window appears with the message:Validate test parameter on
runtime display. Click Run Test to start testing. Click Change Parameters to go back and change any
parameters.
2. Click Run Test to start the test. A message appears: Click the Run button to start the Strain test.
3. Click the Run button.The Run button changes color.
4. Click Change Parameters to view the main menu, where you can change parameters and run the test.
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8.2.12.0 Reattach Extensometer
If the test stops and you want to resume it, you must reattach the extensometer. On the main menu, click
Reattach Extensometer.
A window appears that shows the End of Test Readings and the Mean Load Test Readings settings and
limits.You can click V erify Settings to see the strain and load readings again or Cancel to return to the main
menu.
8.2.13.0 Load Test
1. Click Load Test.
The MTS TestSuite Custom Message window appears with the message:Validate test parameter on
runtime display. Click Run Test to start testing. Click Change Parameters to go back and change any
parameters.
2. Click Run Test to start the test.
A message appears: Click the Run button to start the Strain test.
3. Click the Run button.
The Run button changes color.
4. Click Change Parameters to view the main menu, where you can change parameters and run the test.
8.2.14.0 Create a Fatigue Test Report
On the test main menu, click Report.
The application opens Excel.The Creating Report window shows you the progress as the application
creates a report with the test results.
You can make changes to the report and customize the output using the Reporter Add-In for Excel.
8.2.15.0 Test Completion
When the test is complete, the test stops and you can run the reports. A variety of reporting options satisfy
the standard reporting requirements.When you have generated the reports, you can end the test by clic king
Done.When you have ended the test, you cannot continue to cycle the test or generate reports without the
Reporter Add-In for Excel.
8.3.0 View Test Results
After the test run completes, you can view the test results.
1. In the Explorer panel, click the name of the test run.
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2. Click Results.
3. Click on the different tabs to view different types of results.
8.3.1.0 Fatigue Test Results
The Test Results show the following information about the test run:
• Variable Summary shows all the parameters and their last values for the test run.
• History shows minimum-maximum or peak-valley cycle data in relation to time or an index, such as a
data group, data point, or cycle number.The Y-axis presents data values and the X-axis presents index
values.You can select variables for the chart after the test is done.
• Hysteresis shows the cyclic or group data produced during a test cycle.You can select variables for the
chart after the test is done.
• Variable Array Chart shows all data points that are collected and calculated during each test cycle and
stored in arrays.
• Data Acquisition shows data that was acquired during the test activity. A tab is available for each Data
Acquisition activity.
8.4.0 Analyze Data
8.4.1.0 Strain View
The template is preconfigured with an analysis definition that conforms to the analysis portion of the ASTM
standard.The analysis definition can be used to analyze the test run in either the Fatigue Analyzer or F racture
Analyzer application and contains the following tables and charts.
Inelastic Strain Min Max Table
The Inelastic Strain Min Max table contains the measured and calculated minimum and maximum inelastic
strain values.The table also contains the measured plastic strain range.
Modulus by Cycles Table
The Modulus by Cycles table contains these values:
• Calculated cycle modulus
• Calculated loading modulus
• Calculated unloading modulus
• Hysteresis area
• Calculated first cycle modulus
Peak Valley Data by Cycles Table
The Peak Valley Data by Cycles table contains the peak and valley values of each cycle:
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• Load
• Stress
• Strain
• Displacement
Cycle Variables Table
The Cycle Variables table contains information about cycle variables . If the value is modified during analysis,
a check mark appears in the Modified column and the value in the Value column differs from the value in the
Original Value column. Modified values do not replace, change, or remove original test results data.
Variable Table
The Variable table contains information about test variables. If the value is modified during analysis, a check
mark appears in the Modified column and the value in the Value column differs from the value in the Original
Value column. The table includes:
• Category
• Display Name
• Value
• Unit
• Modified
• Original Value
• Dimension
• Array
• Calculation
Modified values do not replace, change, or remove original test results data.
Channels by Time
The Channels by Time table lists all data points collected in arrays during Data Acquisition activities. Click
the drop-down button to select the data acquisition activity. Specify the cycle by clicking on the Numeric or
Variable button and select one or more cycle numbers or variables. Arrays included by default include:
• Cycle Index
• Array Index
• Running Time Array
• Displacement Array
• Load Array
• Strain Array
• Elastic Strain Array
• Inelastic Strain Array
• Stress Array
• Stress Array with Ramp to Mean
• Running Time Array with Ramp to Mean
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Summary Data Table
The Summary Data table provides the final values of the variables defined in the Variable Editor.You can
change one or more values in this table and rerun the calculations in the same wa y described for the Analysis
Inputs table. After you refresh the values, the ones you modified have check marks in the Modified column.
The original test data is not lost and does not change.
Charts
The charts provide visual indicators of the data reported in the tables.
• Strain Peak Valley chart shows the strain peak and valley for each cycle of the test.
• Strain vs.Time chart shows changes in the strain during the test.
• Load Peak Valley chart shows the load peak and valley for each cycle of the test.
• Stress Peak Valley chart shows the stress peak and valley for each cycle of the test.
• Stress vs.Time chart shows changes in the stress during the test.
• First Cycle Modulus chart shows the modulus of the first cycle from the start point to the end point.
• Stress vs. Strain chart shows traces of the stress in relation to strain for the first modulus cycle, the third
cycle, the stable cycle, and the last strain cycle.
• Loading Unloading chart shows traces of the stress in relation to strain with markers to indicate the loading
and unloading start and end.
• Stress vs. Inelastic Strain chart shows traces of stress in relation to inelastic strain for the third cycle,
half-life cycle timed, and the last strain cycle.
• Inelastic Strain Min Max chart shows traces for minimum and maximum calculated values f or the inelastic
strain.
• Failure Cycle chart shows the traces for the selected Y-axis variable with markers to indicate the failure
point and the half-life cycle peak valley. Drop-line markers indicate the slope of the trace.
• Modulus chart shows traces for the calculated loading and unloading modulus.
• Load vs.Time chart shows changes in the load during the test.
8.4.2.0 Analyze the Test Runs
Each test that you create from an MTS template contains a default analysis definition that can be used to
analyze the test run in either the Fatigue Analyzer or Fracture Analyzer application.
T o analyz e the test runs, use one of the following methods to open the test in one of the Analyz er applications:
• From either the Fatigue Analyzer or Fracture Analyzer application, click File > Open Test and select the
test that you want to analyze.
• Open the test in the Multipurpose Elite application and on the Tools menu, click Fatigue Analyzer or
Fracture Analyzer.
The selected Analyzer application opens the test.
For more information
See the Fatigue Analyzer User Guide for information on how to create an analysis run.
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Topics:
•
Set Up the Test......................................................................................................................................78
•
Run the Test...........................................................................................................................................80
•
View Test Results...................................................................................................................................87
•
Analyze Data..........................................................................................................................................87
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9.1.0 Set Up the Test
9.1.1.0 Transition Test Elevated Temperature Template
The Transition Test Elevated Temperature template provides a test that starts with a low-cycle fatigue (LCF)
strain-controlled test and adds a load-controlled test at elevated temperature.
9.1.2.0 Set Up a Test
To create and run a new test:
1. Create a new test from a template.
a) Click File > New > Test from Template.
b) In the Create from Existing Test window, select a test.
c) Click OK.
The new test is automatically created and assigned a default name.You can change the name and
enter comments about the new test by clicking the Edit button and making the changes.
2. Create a new test run.
a) Click New Test Run button.
b) Select a specimen from the Select a Specimen window and then click OK.
To create a new specimen click Add a new item.
c) Review the variables in the Setup Variables window, modify values as necessary, and then click OK.
3. Apply hydraulic power to the system.
a) Reset the interlocks if needed.
b) Click the Low, then High, power buttons.
4. In the MTS T estSuite Custom Message windo w for the template, clic k the buttons to define test parameters,
perform setup tasks, and run tests.
5. When prompted, click Run to run the test.
9.1.3.0 Fatigue Specimen Parameters
Fatigue Specimen Parameters
DescriptionParameter
Diameter - Round
Specimens
Specify the diameter of the reduced cross-sectional
area on the specimen.
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variables may use in a calculation.
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DescriptionParameter
Outer Diameter Hollow Round
Specimens
Inner Diameter Hollow round
Specimens
Width - Rectangular
Specimens
Thickness Rectangular
Specimens
Extensometer Gage
Length (L)
Specify the outer diameter of the reduced
cross-sectional area on the specimen.
Outer Diameter is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the inner diameter of the reduced
cross-sectional area on the specimen.
Inner Diameter is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the width of the reduced cross-sectional
area on the specimen.
Width is a specimen variable that other variables
may use in a calculation.
Specify the thickness of the reduced
cross-sectional area on the specimen.
Thickness is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the length on the specimen that has the
reduced cross-sectional area.
Elastic Modulus (E)
Yield Strength
Valid at Temperature
Extensometer Gage Length is a specimen variable
that other variables may use in a calculation.
The value you specify here represents the slope
value of the material’s stress-strain curve in the
elastic deformation region.
Elastic Modulus is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the stress value at which permanent
deformation occurs.
Yield Strength is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the temperature at which Elastic Modulus
and Yield Strength are valid.
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9.2.0 Run the Test
9.2.1.0 Temperature Parameters
Temperature parameters for the low-cycle fatigue strain test include:
• High Temperature Difference
• Low Temperature Difference
• Soak Time
• Start Temperature
• Start Temperature Limit
• Temperature Ramp
• Time to Start Temperature
• Zone 1 Temperature
• Zone 2 Temperature
• Zone 3 Temperature
The application checks the values you enter to make sure they are within the system capabilities.
9.2.2.0 Strain Termination Parameters
Strain Termination Parameters
DescriptionItem
Cycles for Stable
Cycle
Stable Cycle
Percent
Crack Initiation
Change
Load Failure
Change Percent
Peak Level
Control Change
Specify the number of cycles after which the
specimen is assumed to be stable and beyond cyclic
hardening or softening.
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate
peak-valley stability.
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate the
stable load range and crack initiation.
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate the
stable load range and specimen failure.
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate if the
control peak or valley occurs outside the control
range.
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DescriptionItem
Total Cycles
Specify a number of cycles for the maximum length
of the test.
9.2.3.0 Data Storage Parameters
Data Storage Parameters Properties
DescriptionItem
Ending Cycles
Load Storage
Change
PV Nth Cycle
Stored
Starting Cycles
Sets the number of cycles to save to disk at the end
of the test or when the test stops.
Sets the amount of change that must occur in the
maximum load between saves to disk.
Sets the value of N, which is the rate (number) of
peak-valley cycles for a store to disk to occur. For
example, if this parameter is 100, data is saved to
disk every 100 cycles.
Sets the number of cycles to save to disk at the
beginning of the test or when the test is started.
Time Cycles Per
Log Decade
Stored
Strain Noise Band
Percent
Displacement
Storage Change
Sets the number of cycles of time data per decade
based on a logarithm to save to disk.
Sets the number of levels between saves to disk.Number of Levels
Sets the range the data must exceed to detect the
peak-valley data.Within this range, points are
considered noise and not peak or valley data.
Sets the amount of change that must occur in the
displacement between saves to disk.
9.2.4.0 Transition Parameters
Transition parameters include:
• Inelastic Strain Transition Limit
• Test Time Limit
• Transition Maximum Stress Percent Change
• Transition Monitoring Minutes
• Transition Stress-A Ratio Percent
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After an amount of time passes equal to the test time limit minus the transition monitoring minutes, monitoring
begins for the following conditions:
• Inelastic strain does not exceed the Inelastic strain transition limit.
• Maximum stress does not change more than the Max Stress percent change amount.
• Stress-A Ratio does not change by more than the Stress-A ratio percent change amount.
Monitoring occurs for the amount of time specified as the transition monitoring minutes.
If the test passes this criteria, the application shows a message. Click OK to end the test.The application
transitions to load control.
9.2.5.0 Load Test Parameters
Load test parameters include:
• Gage length load control
• Load end level 1
• Load end level 2
• Load frequency
Enter values as necessary and click OK.
9.2.6.0 Load Test
1. Click Load Test.
The MTS TestSuite Custom Message window appears with the message:Validate test parameter on
runtime display. Click Run Test to start testing. Click Change Parameters to go back and change any
parameters.
2. Click Run Test to start the test.
A message appears: Click the Run button to start the Strain test.
3. Click the Run button.
The Run button changes color.
4. Click Change Parameters to view the main menu, where you can change parameters and run the test.
9.2.7.0 Load Termination Parameters
Load Termination Parameters
Total Cycles
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Specify a number of cycles for the maximum length
of the test.
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DescriptionItem
Cycles for Stable
Cycle
Percent
Crack Initiation
Change
Load Failure
Change Percent
Peak Load Level
Control Change
Specify a number of cycles after which the specimen
is expected to be stable and beyond hardening or
softening.
Specify a percentage used to calculate stability.Stable Cycle
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate the
stable strain range and crack initiation.
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate the
stable load range and specimen failure.
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate if the
load control peak occurs outside the control range.
9.2.8.0 Extensometer Calibration
Extensometer verification
Extensometer calibration ensures accurate data collection.You should verify the extensometer calibration
before performing any testing.To verify extensometer calibration, set the system to load control and ramp to
zero load. At zero load, the strain extensometer is zeroed.
An extensometer includes a strain gage.You should verify its calibration before you run a test.You can verify
the calibration accuracy of a DC sensor/conditioner pair through shunt calibration. Shunt calibration works
by shunting a precision resistor across one arm of the sensor’s Wheatstone bridge.The resulting imbalance
provides a reference value that is recorded on the calibration data sheet that accompanies the sensor.
Note:
With systems that use Series 494 hardware, you can use the HWI Editor application to select the arm
of the bridge where the shunt calibration resistor will be applied.
A current shunt calibration value, tak en before a test, should be compared to the shunt calibration reference
value recorded when the sensor was last calibrated. If the reference value and the current value differ too
greatly, the sensor/conditioner pair should be recalibrated to establish a new shunt reference value.
Significant variations between current and reference v alues can occur if the excitation voltage has drifted, or
the sensor has been damaged or has changed in some other way. It is possible to adjust excitation to
compensate for small-to-moderate changes in the shunt calibration value.
Calibration overview
The calibration process coordinates the interaction between the transducer, a DC conditioning circuit, and a
cable. Calibration of a transducer is a two-step process:
First, a specific output of the conditioner is adjusted to a specific displacement of the transducer.This is
performed by adjusting the excitation voltage and amplification (gain) of the conditioner.
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The second step verifies the output of the transducer conditioner versus a known standard displacement o ver
the entire range of measurement.
9.2.9.0 Verify the Extensometer
To verify the extensometer in the LCFS test:
1. Click Extensometer Verification in the Low-Cycle Fatigue Strain test.
A message appears: Click the Run button on the control panel to start the extensometer verification.
2. Click the Run button.
The Run button changes color and a message appears: Put the Extensometer in the zero position. Click
OK when ready.
3. Put the extensometer in the zero position and click OK.
4. Click OK.
The Verify Zero Strain Reading window appears. Accept the value or type an offset as necessary.
5. Click OK.
The Strain Full Scale window appears.
6. You may want to set this value to 0.1 and click OK.
The Extensometer Verification Prompt window appears.
7. Click to repeat the extensometer verification or click No to continue.
9.2.10.0 Start Temperature Strain
The Start Temperature Strain button allows you to verify the strain at the start temperature. Enter a value
as necessary and click OK.
9.2.11.0 Modulus Check at Start Temperature
You should perform a modulus check before you run a test.The standard template allows you to check the
modulus at start temperature and test temperature (for elevated temperature tests). The start temperature
modulus check helps determine if the system is set up correctly. For example, if you have not pulled the zero
pin from your extensometer , the modulus is incorrect. If you type incorrect specimen dimensions , the modulus
is incorrect.
9.2.12.0 Measure Modulus
To check the modulus in the LCFS test:
1. Click Measure Modulus.
The MTS TestSuite Input Parameters window prompts you to enter a load value to ramp to for a modulus
check.
2. Enter a load value and click OK.
3. Click the Run button.
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4. A window appears with the Modulus Check Result.
• Click Accept to accept the result.
• Click Reject to discard the result.
• Click Measure Modulus to perform the modulus check again.
• Click View Data Report to see the results in report form.
9.2.13.0 Ramp to Test Temperature
The Ramp to Test Temperature button prompts you to confirm the ramp to test temperature. Click Yes to
start the ramp or click No to prevent the ramp.
If the test is not at test temperature, you can click Measure Thermal Modulus to continue or click Cancel
for the main menu.
9.2.14.0 Measure Thermal Strain
The Measure Thermal Strain button allows you to verify the strain at high temperature. Enter a value as
necessary and click OK to continue.
9.2.15.0 Measure Thermal Modulus
To measure the thermal modulus:
1. Click Measure Thermal Modulus.
The MTS TestSuite Input Parameters window prompts you to enter a load value to ramp to for a modulus
check.
2. Enter a load value and click OK.
A message appears: Click the Run button on the control panel to start measuring the modulus.
3. Click the Run button.
The Run button changes color.
4. A window appears with the Thermal Modulus Check Result.
• Click Accept to accept the result.
• Click Reject to discard the result.
• Click Measure Thermal Modulus to perform the modulus check again.
• Click View Data Report to see the results in report form.
9.2.16.0 Strain Test
In the LCFS test:
1. Click Strain Test.
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The MTS TestSuite Custom Message window appears with the message:Validate test parameter on
runtime display. Click Run Test to start testing. Click Change Parameters to go back and change any
parameters.
2. Click Run Test to start the test. A message appears: Click the Run button to start the Strain test.
3. Click the Run button.The Run button changes color.
4. Click Change Parameters to view the main menu, where you can change parameters and run the test.
9.2.17.0 Reattach Extensometer
If the test stops and you want to resume it, you must reattach the extensometer. On the main menu, click
Reattach Extensometer.
A window appears that shows the End of Test Readings and the Mean Load Test Readings settings and
limits.You can click V erify Settings to see the strain and load readings again or Cancel to return to the main
menu.
9.2.18.0 Load Test
1. Click Load Test.
The MTS TestSuite Custom Message window appears with the message:Validate test parameter on
runtime display. Click Run Test to start testing. Click Change Parameters to go back and change any
parameters.
2. Click Run Test to start the test.
A message appears: Click the Run button to start the Strain test.
3. Click the Run button.
The Run button changes color.
4. Click Change Parameters to view the main menu, where you can change parameters and run the test.
9.2.19.0 Ramp to Start Temperature
The Ramp to Start Temperature button prompts you to confirm the ramp to start temperature. Click Yes to
start the ramp or click No to prevent the ramp.
Click Run to start the ramp. After the ramp is started, if you click Stop to end the ramp, another ramp occurs
to cool the specimen.
9.2.20.0 Create a Fatigue Test Report
On the test main menu, click Report.
The application opens Excel.The Creating Report window shows you the progress as the application
creates a report with the test results.
You can make changes to the report and customize the output using the Reporter Add-In for Excel.
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9.2.21.0 Test Completion
When the test is complete, the test stops and you can run the reports. A variety of reporting options satisfy
the standard reporting requirements.When you have generated the reports, you can end the test by clic king
Done.When you have ended the test, you cannot continue to cycle the test or generate reports without the
Reporter Add-In for Excel.
9.3.0 View Test Results
After the test run completes, you can view the test results.
1. In the Explorer panel, click the name of the test run.
2. Click Results.
3. Click on the different tabs to view different types of results.
9.3.1.0 Fatigue Test Results
The Test Results show the following information about the test run:
• Variable Summary shows all the parameters and their last values for the test run.
• History shows minimum-maximum or peak-valley cycle data in relation to time or an index, such as a
data group, data point, or cycle number.The Y-axis presents data values and the X-axis presents index
values.You can select variables for the chart after the test is done.
• Hysteresis shows the cyclic or group data produced during a test cycle.You can select variables for the
chart after the test is done.
• Variable Array Chart shows all data points that are collected and calculated during each test cycle and
stored in arrays.
• Data Acquisition shows data that was acquired during the test activity. A tab is available for each Data
Acquisition activity.
9.4.0 Analyze Data
9.4.1.0 Strain View
The template is preconfigured with an analysis definition that conforms to the analysis portion of the ASTM
standard.The analysis definition can be used to analyze the test run in either the Fatigue Analyzer or F racture
Analyzer application and contains the following tables and charts.
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Inelastic Strain Min Max Table
The Inelastic Strain Min Max table contains the measured and calculated minimum and maximum inelastic
strain values.The table also contains the measured plastic strain range.
Modulus by Cycles Table
The Modulus by Cycles table contains these values:
• Calculated cycle modulus
• Calculated loading modulus
• Calculated unloading modulus
• Hysteresis area
• Calculated first cycle modulus
Peak Valley Data by Cycles Table
The Peak Valley Data by Cycles table contains the peak and valley values of each cycle:
• Load
• Stress
• Strain
• Displacement
Cycle Variables Table
The Cycle Variables table contains information about cycle variables . If the value is modified during analysis,
a check mark appears in the Modified column and the value in the Value column differs from the value in the
Original Value column. Modified values do not replace, change, or remove original test results data.
Variable Table
The Variable table contains information about test variables. If the value is modified during analysis, a check
mark appears in the Modified column and the value in the Value column differs from the value in the Original
Value column. The table includes:
• Category
• Display Name
• Value
• Unit
• Modified
• Original Value
• Dimension
• Array
• Calculation
Modified values do not replace, change, or remove original test results data.
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Channels by Time
The Channels by Time table lists all data points collected in arrays during Data Acquisition activities. Click
the drop-down button to select the data acquisition activity. Specify the cycle by clicking on the Numeric or
Variable button and select one or more cycle numbers or variables. Arrays included by default include:
• Cycle Index
• Array Index
• Running Time Array
• Displacement Array
• Load Array
• Strain Array
• Elastic Strain Array
• Inelastic Strain Array
• Stress Array
• Stress Array with Ramp to Mean
• Running Time Array with Ramp to Mean
Summary Data Table
The Summary Data table provides the final values of the variables defined in the Variable Editor.You can
change one or more values in this table and rerun the calculations in the same wa y described for the Analysis
Inputs table. After you refresh the values, the ones you modified have check marks in the Modified column.
The original test data is not lost and does not change.
Charts
The charts provide visual indicators of the data reported in the tables.
• Strain Peak Valley chart shows the strain peak and valley for each cycle of the test.
• Strain vs.Time chart shows changes in the strain during the test.
• Load Peak Valley chart shows the load peak and valley for each cycle of the test.
• Stress Peak Valley chart shows the stress peak and valley for each cycle of the test.
• Stress vs.Time chart shows changes in the stress during the test.
• First Cycle Modulus chart shows the modulus of the first cycle from the start point to the end point.
• Stress vs. Strain chart shows traces of the stress in relation to strain for the first modulus cycle, the third
cycle, the stable cycle, and the last strain cycle.
• Loading Unloading chart shows traces of the stress in relation to strain with markers to indicate the loading
and unloading start and end.
• Stress vs. Inelastic Strain chart shows traces of stress in relation to inelastic strain for the third cycle,
half-life cycle timed, and the last strain cycle.
• Inelastic Strain Min Max chart shows traces for minimum and maximum calculated values f or the inelastic
strain.
• Failure Cycle chart shows the traces for the selected Y-axis variable with markers to indicate the failure
point and the half-life cycle peak valley. Drop-line markers indicate the slope of the trace.
• Modulus chart shows traces for the calculated loading and unloading modulus.
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• Load vs.Time chart shows changes in the load during the test.
9.4.2.0 Analyze the Test Runs
Each test that you create from an MTS template contains a default analysis definition that can be used to
analyze the test run in either the Fatigue Analyzer or Fracture Analyzer application.
T o analyz e the test runs, use one of the following methods to open the test in one of the Analyz er applications:
• From either the Fatigue Analyzer or Fracture Analyzer application, click File > Open Test and select the
test that you want to analyze.
• Open the test in the Multipurpose Elite application and on the Tools menu, click Fatigue Analyzer or
Fracture Analyzer.
The selected Analyzer application opens the test.
For more information
See the Fatigue Analyzer User Guide for information on how to create an analysis run.
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Topics:
•
Set Up the Test......................................................................................................................................92
•
Run the Test...........................................................................................................................................94
•
View Test Results...................................................................................................................................99
•
Analyze Data........................................................................................................................................100
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10.1.0 Set Up the Test
10.1.1.0 ASTM Trapezoidal Strain Template Overview
The ASTM Trapezoidal Strain template is based on a low-cycle fatigue (LCF) strain-controlled test with a
trapezoidal waveform. Some variation occurs in the parameters due to the change in the wave shape.
10.1.2.0 Set Up a Test
To create and run a new test:
1. Create a new test from a template.
a) Click File > New > Test from Template.
b) In the Create from Existing Test window, select a test.
c) Click OK.
The new test is automatically created and assigned a default name.You can change the name and
enter comments about the new test by clicking the Edit button and making the changes.
2. Create a new test run.
a) Click New Test Run button.
b) Select a specimen from the Select a Specimen window and then click OK.
To create a new specimen click Add a new item.
c) Review the variables in the Setup Variables window, modify values as necessary, and then click OK.
3. Apply hydraulic power to the system.
a) Reset the interlocks if needed.
b) Click the Low, then High, power buttons.
4. In the MTS T estSuite Custom Message windo w for the template, clic k the buttons to define test parameters,
perform setup tasks, and run tests.
5. When prompted, click Run to run the test.
10.1.3.0 Fatigue Specimen Parameters
Fatigue Specimen Parameters
DescriptionParameter
Diameter - Round
Specimens
Specify the diameter of the reduced cross-sectional
area on the specimen.
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Diameter is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
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DescriptionParameter
Outer Diameter Hollow Round
Specimens
Inner Diameter Hollow round
Specimens
Width - Rectangular
Specimens
Thickness Rectangular
Specimens
Extensometer Gage
Length (L)
Specify the outer diameter of the reduced
cross-sectional area on the specimen.
Outer Diameter is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the inner diameter of the reduced
cross-sectional area on the specimen.
Inner Diameter is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the width of the reduced cross-sectional
area on the specimen.
Width is a specimen variable that other variables
may use in a calculation.
Specify the thickness of the reduced
cross-sectional area on the specimen.
Thickness is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the length on the specimen that has the
reduced cross-sectional area.
Elastic Modulus (E)
Yield Strength
Valid at Temperature
Extensometer Gage Length is a specimen variable
that other variables may use in a calculation.
The value you specify here represents the slope
value of the material’s stress-strain curve in the
elastic deformation region.
Elastic Modulus is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the stress value at which permanent
deformation occurs.
Yield Strength is a specimen variable that other
variables may use in a calculation.
Specify the temperature at which Elastic Modulus
and Yield Strength are valid.
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10.2.0 Run the Test
10.2.1.0 Strain Test Parameters
Strain test parameters are entries you make to control the strain test. F or tests that use a sine wave command,
strain test parameters include:
• End level 1
• End level 2
• Cycle frequency
The application checks the values you enter to make sure they are within the system capabilities.
10.2.2.0 Strain Termination Parameters
Strain Termination Parameters
Cycles for Stable
Cycle
Stable Cycle
Percent
Crack Initiation
Change
Load Failure
Change Percent
Peak Level
Control Change
Total Cycles
DescriptionItem
Specify the number of cycles after which the
specimen is assumed to be stable and beyond cyclic
hardening or softening.
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate
peak-valley stability.
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate the
stable load range and crack initiation.
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate the
stable load range and specimen failure.
Specify a percentage that is used to calculate if the
control peak or valley occurs outside the control
range.
Specify a number of cycles for the maximum length
of the test.
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10.2.3.0 Data Storage Parameters
Data Storage Parameters Properties
DescriptionItem
10.0 ASTM Trapezoidal Strain Template
Ending Cycles
Load Storage
Change
PV Nth Cycle
Stored
Starting Cycles
Time Cycles Per
Log Decade
Stored
Strain Noise Band
Percent
Displacement
Storage Change
Sets the number of cycles to save to disk at the end
of the test or when the test stops.
Sets the amount of change that must occur in the
maximum load between saves to disk.
Sets the value of N, which is the rate (number) of
peak-valley cycles for a store to disk to occur. For
example, if this parameter is 100, data is saved to
disk every 100 cycles.
Sets the number of cycles to save to disk at the
beginning of the test or when the test is started.
Sets the number of cycles of time data per decade
based on a logarithm to save to disk.
Sets the number of levels between saves to disk.Number of Levels
Sets the range the data must exceed to detect the
peak-valley data.Within this range, points are
considered noise and not peak or valley data.
Sets the amount of change that must occur in the
displacement between saves to disk.
10.2.4.0 Extensometer Calibration
Extensometer verification
Extensometer calibration ensures accurate data collection.You should verify the extensometer calibration
before performing any testing.To verify extensometer calibration, set the system to load control and ramp to
zero load. At zero load, the strain extensometer is zeroed.
An extensometer includes a strain gage.You should verify its calibration before you run a test.You can verify
the calibration accuracy of a DC sensor/conditioner pair through shunt calibration. Shunt calibration works
by shunting a precision resistor across one arm of the sensor’s Wheatstone bridge.The resulting imbalance
provides a reference value that is recorded on the calibration data sheet that accompanies the sensor.
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Note:
With systems that use Series 494 hardware, you can use the HWI Editor application to select the arm
of the bridge where the shunt calibration resistor will be applied.
A current shunt calibration value, tak en before a test, should be compared to the shunt calibration reference
value recorded when the sensor was last calibrated. If the reference value and the current value differ too
greatly, the sensor/conditioner pair should be recalibrated to establish a new shunt reference value.
Significant variations between current and reference v alues can occur if the excitation voltage has drifted, or
the sensor has been damaged or has changed in some other way. It is possible to adjust excitation to
compensate for small-to-moderate changes in the shunt calibration value.
Calibration overview
The calibration process coordinates the interaction between the transducer, a DC conditioning circuit, and a
cable. Calibration of a transducer is a two-step process:
First, a specific output of the conditioner is adjusted to a specific displacement of the transducer.This is
performed by adjusting the excitation voltage and amplification (gain) of the conditioner.
The second step verifies the output of the transducer conditioner versus a known standard displacement o ver
the entire range of measurement.
10.2.5.0 Verify the Extensometer
To verify the extensometer in the LCFS test:
1. Click Extensometer Verification in the Low-Cycle Fatigue Strain test.
A message appears: Click the Run button on the control panel to start the extensometer verification.
2. Click the Run button.
The Run button changes color and a message appears: Put the Extensometer in the zero position. Click
OK when ready.
3. Put the extensometer in the zero position and click OK.
4. Click OK.
The Verify Zero Strain Reading window appears. Accept the value or type an offset as necessary.
5. Click OK.
The Strain Full Scale window appears.
6. You may want to set this value to 0.1 and click OK.
The Extensometer Verification Prompt window appears.
7. Click to repeat the extensometer verification or click No to continue.
10.2.6.0 Modulus Check at Start Temperature
You should perform a modulus check before you run a test.The standard template allows you to check the
modulus at start temperature and test temperature (for elevated temperature tests). The start temperature
modulus check helps determine if the system is set up correctly. For example, if you have not pulled the zero
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pin from your extensometer , the modulus is incorrect. If you type incorrect specimen dimensions , the modulus
is incorrect.
10.2.7.0 Measure Modulus
To check the modulus in the LCFS test:
1. Click Measure Modulus.
The MTS TestSuite Input Parameters window prompts you to enter a load value to ramp to for a modulus
check.
2. Enter a load value and click OK.
3. Click the Run button.
4. A window appears with the Modulus Check Result.
• Click Accept to accept the result.
• Click Reject to discard the result.
• Click Measure Modulus to perform the modulus check again.
• Click View Data Report to see the results in report form.
10.2.8.0 Strain-Controlled Test
A typical low-cycle fatigue (LCF) test sequence includes:
1. Ramp to mean level, if the mean level at the start of the test is not zero . All data recorded during the ramp
is stored in cycle number 0 (zero).
2. Identify a stable cycle for comparison with other test values.
3. Start the test cycle count, start test data collection, and run the test to completion.
4. Ramp the system to the mean load of the last cycle.
Cycle 0 (zero)
The application collects data for each complete cycle. A cycle starts at mean level and ends at mean level.
In most cases, mean level is zero. For cases where mean level is not zero, a ramp initially occurs to mean
level before the test actually starts.The application stores the data collected during this initial ramp in cycle
count 0.
Stable cycle determination
The application identifies the stable cycle based on user-entered parameters.
Application-determined stable cycle
For an application-determined stable cycle, a consecutive n umber of cycles must remain within the stable-cycle
deviation factor to determine the reference cycle.Typical cycle counts are from 5 to 100 cycles.
Enter the percentage deviation that consecutive cycles must be within, as compared to an initial cycle. If a
cycle deviates beyond this percentage before the stabilizing factor amount is reached, that cycle becomes
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the new cycle against which following cycles are compared.Typical stable cycle deviation factors are around
1%.
Test completion
The LCF test runs until it meets one of the termination criteria. Examples of test termination criteria include:
• Non-controlling failure threshold (%)
• Peak-valley deviation
Non-controlling failure threshold (%)
For tests run in strain control, you define a percentage of stable load amplitude to use for failure detection.
When the test reaches the stable cycle, the test compares the peak loads with this cycle to determine if the
test should be terminated due to specimen failure. For tests run in load control, enter the percentage of stable
displacement for failure detection.When the stability reference cycle is reached, the test compares the peak
displacements to this cycle to determine if the test should be terminated due to specimen failure.
Crack initiation determination
After a stable cycle is identified, each subsequent cycle is compared to the stable cycle. If the non-controlling
range (force range f or a strain controlled test) de viates by the user-entered percentage, the application stores
the cycle number as the crack initiation cycle.Typical range drops are near 5%.
Peak-valley control failure
If the control value end levels are not met, the test stops.
Ramp to mean load
When the test is complete, the system changes to force control and ramps to mean load at a rate set by the
user.
10.2.9.0 Strain Test
In the LCFS test:
1. Click Strain Test.
The MTS TestSuite Custom Message window appears with the message:Validate test parameter on
runtime display. Click Run Test to start testing. Click Change Parameters to go back and change any
parameters.
2. Click Run Test to start the test. A message appears: Click the Run button to start the Strain test.
3. Click the Run button.The Run button changes color.
4. Click Change Parameters to view the main menu, where you can change parameters and run the test.
10.2.10.0 Reattach Extensometer
If the test stops and you want to resume it, you must reattach the extensometer. On the main menu, click
Reattach Extensometer.
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10.0 ASTM Trapezoidal Strain Template
A window appears that shows the End of Test Readings and the Mean Load Test Readings settings and
limits.You can click V erify Settings to see the strain and load readings again or Cancel to return to the main
menu.
10.2.11.0 Create a Fatigue Test Report
On the test main menu, click Report.
The application opens Excel.The Creating Report window shows you the progress as the application
creates a report with the test results.
You can make changes to the report and customize the output using the Reporter Add-In for Excel.
10.2.12.0 Test Completion
When the test is complete, the test stops and you can run the reports. A variety of reporting options satisfy
the standard reporting requirements.When you have generated the reports, you can end the test by clic king
Done.When you have ended the test, you cannot continue to cycle the test or generate reports without the
Reporter Add-In for Excel.
10.3.0 View Test Results
After the test run completes, you can view the test results.
1. In the Explorer panel, click the name of the test run.
2. Click Results.
3. Click on the different tabs to view different types of results.
10.3.1.0 Fatigue Test Results
The Test Results show the following information about the test run:
• Variable Summary shows all the parameters and their last values for the test run.
• History shows minimum-maximum or peak-valley cycle data in relation to time or an index, such as a
data group, data point, or cycle number.The Y-axis presents data values and the X-axis presents index
values.You can select variables for the chart after the test is done.
• Hysteresis shows the cyclic or group data produced during a test cycle.You can select variables for the
chart after the test is done.
• Variable Array Chart shows all data points that are collected and calculated during each test cycle and
stored in arrays.
• Data Acquisition shows data that was acquired during the test activity. A tab is available for each Data
Acquisition activity.
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10.0 ASTM Trapezoidal Strain Template
10.4.0 Analyze Data
10.4.1.0 Strain View
The template is preconfigured with an analysis definition that conforms to the analysis portion of the ASTM
standard.The analysis definition can be used to analyze the test run in either the Fatigue Analyzer or F racture
Analyzer application and contains the following tables and charts.
Inelastic Strain Min Max Table
The Inelastic Strain Min Max table contains the measured and calculated minimum and maximum inelastic
strain values.The table also contains the measured plastic strain range.
Modulus by Cycles Table
The Modulus by Cycles table contains these values:
• Calculated cycle modulus
• Calculated loading modulus
• Calculated unloading modulus
• Hysteresis area
• Calculated first cycle modulus
Peak Valley Data by Cycles Table
The Peak Valley Data by Cycles table contains the peak and valley values of each cycle:
• Load
• Stress
• Strain
• Displacement
Cycle Variables Table
The Cycle Variables table contains information about cycle variables . If the value is modified during analysis,
a check mark appears in the Modified column and the value in the Value column differs from the value in the
Original Value column. Modified values do not replace, change, or remove original test results data.
Variable Table
The Variable table contains information about test variables. If the value is modified during analysis, a check
mark appears in the Modified column and the value in the Value column differs from the value in the Original
Value column. The table includes:
• Category
• Display Name
• Value
100 MTS TestSuite
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