Instruction Manual
HI 96731
Zinc ISM
w w w . h a n n a i n s t . c o m
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Dear Customer,
Thank you for choosing a Hanna product. This manual will provide you with the necessary information for the correct use of the instrument. Please read it carefully before using the meter. If you need additional technical information, do not hesitate to e-mail us at tech@hannainst.com.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS |
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PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION .............................................................................................. |
3 |
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GENERAL DESCRIPTION ...................................................................................................... |
4 |
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ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................................ |
4 |
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SPECIFICATIONS ................................................................................................................ |
5 |
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PRECISION AND ACCURACY ................................................................................................. |
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PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION .................................................................................................. |
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FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................ |
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ERRORS AND WARNINGS .................................................................................................. |
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GENERAL TIPS FOR AN ACCURATE MEASUREMENT ........................................................... |
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STARTUP |
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MEASUREMENT ...........................................................................................PROCEDURE |
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VALIDATION .................................................................................................PROCEDURE |
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CALIBRATION ...............................................................................................PROCEDURE |
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GLP ................................................................................................................................. |
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BATTERY .................................................................................................. |
MANAGEMENT |
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BATTERY .................................................................................................. |
REPLACEMENT |
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ACCESSORIES ................................................................................................................... |
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WARRANTY ...................................................................................................................... |
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All rights are reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the written consent of the copyright owner, Hanna Instruments Inc., Woonsocket, Rhode Island, 02895 , USA.
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PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
Please examine this product carefully. Make sure that the instrument is not damaged. If any damage occurred during shipment, please notify your Dealer.
Each HI 96731 Ion Selective Meter is supplied complete with:
•Two Sample Cuvettes and Caps
•Two CAL CHECK standard cuvettes HI 96731KIT
•9V Battery
•Scissors
•Tissue for wiping cuvettes
•Instrument quality certificate
•Instruction Manual
•Rigid carrying case
Note: Save all packing material until you are sure that the instrument works correctly. Any defective item must be returned in its original packing.
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GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The HI 96731 is an auto diagnostic portable microprocessor meter that benefits from Hanna’s years of experience as a manufacturer of analytical instruments. It has the advanced optical system based on a special tungsten lamp and a narrow band interference filter that allows most accurate and repeatable readings. All instruments are factory calibrated and the electronic and optical design minimizes the need of frequent calibration.
With the powerful CAL CHECKTM validation function, you are able to validate good performance of your instrument at any time. The validation procedure is extremely user friendly. Just use the exclusive HANNA ready-made, NIST traceable standards to verify the performance of the instrument and recalibrate if necessary.
All instruments are splash waterproof and the lamp and filter units are protected from dust or dirt by a transparent cup. This makes the instruments fulfill field applications. Display messages aid the user in routine operation. The meter has an auto-shut off feature that will turn off the instrument after 10 minutes of non use in measurement mode or after 1 hour if left in calibration mode.
The meter uses an exclusive positive-locking system to ensure that the cuvette is in the same position every time it is placed into the measurement cell. It is designed to fit a cuvette with a larger neck making it easier to add both sample and reagents. The cuvette is made from special optical glass to obtain best results.
The HI 96731 meter measures the zinc content in water and wastewater in the 0.00 to 3.00 mg/L
(ppm) range. The method is an adaptation of the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20th edition, Zincon method.
The reagents are in powder and liquid form and are supplied in packets and bottles. The amount of reagent is precisely dosed to ensure maximum repeatability.
ABBREVIATIONS
°C: degree Celsius
°F: degree Fahrenheit
mg/L: milligrams per liter. mg/L is equivalent to ppm (parts per million) mL: milliliter
mV: millivolts
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SPECIFICATIONS |
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Range |
0.00 to 3.00 mg/L |
Resolution |
0.01 m/L |
Accuracy |
±0.03 m/L ± 3% of reading @ 25°C |
Typical EMC Deviation |
±0.01 mg/L |
Light Source |
Tungsten lamp |
Light Detector |
Silicon Photocell with narrow band interference filter @ 575nm |
Method |
Adaptation of the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and |
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Wastewater, 20th edition, Zincon method. The reaction between zinc |
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and the reagent causes a brownish-green to a blue tint in the sample |
Environment |
0 to 50°C (32 to 122°F); max 95% RH non-condensing |
Battery Type |
1 x 9 volt |
Auto-Shut off |
After 10' of non-use in measurement mode; |
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after 1 hour of non-use in calibration mode; |
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with last reading reminder. |
Dimensions |
192 x 102 x 67 mm (7.6 x 4 x 2.6") |
Weight |
290 g (10 oz.). |
REQUIRED REAGENTS |
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Code |
Description |
Quantity/test |
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HI |
93731A-0 |
Reagent A |
1 packet |
HI |
93731B-0 |
Reagent B Cyclohexanone |
0.5 mL |
PRECISION AND ACCURACY
Precision is how closely repeated measurements agree with each other. Precision is usually expressed as standard deviation (SD).
Accuracy is defined as the nearness of a test result to the true value.
Although good precision suggests good accuracy, precise results can be inaccurate. The figure explains these definitions.
In a laboratory using a standard solution of 300 mg/L zinc and a representative lot of reagent, an operator obtained with a single instrument a standard deviation of 4 mg/L.
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PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
Absorption of Light is a typical phenomenon of interaction between electromagnetic radiation and matter. When a light beam crosses a substance, some of the radiation may be absorbed by atoms, molecules or crystal lattices.
If pure absorption occurs, the fraction of light absorbed depends both on the optical path length through the matter and on the physical-chemical characteristics of the substance according to the
Lambert-Beer Law:
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-log I/Io = ελ c d |
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or |
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A = ελ c d |
Where: |
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-log I/Io = |
Absorbance (A) |
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Io |
= |
intensity of incident light beam |
I |
= |
intensity of light beam after absorption |
ελ |
= |
molar extinction coefficient at wavelength λ |
c |
= |
molar concentration of the substance |
d |
= |
optical path through the substance |
Therefore, the concentration "c" can be calculated from the absorbance of the substance as the other factors are known.
Photometric chemical analysis is based on the possibility to develop an absorbing compound from a specific chemical reaction between sample and reagents. Given that the absorption of a compound strictly depends on the wavelength of the incident light beam, a narrow spectral bandwidth should be selected as well as a proper central wavelength to optimize measurements.
The optical system of Hanna's HI 96 series colorimeters are based on a special subminiature tungsten lamp and narrow-band interference filters to guarantee both high performance and reliable results.
HI 96 series block diagram (optical layout)
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A microprocessor controlled special tungsten lamp emits radiation which is first optically conditioned and beamed to the sample contained in the cuvette. The optical path is fixed by the diameter of the cuvette. Then the light is spectrally filtered to a narrow spectral bandwidth, to obtain a light beam of intensity Io or I.
The photoelectric cell collects the radiation I that is not absorbed by the sample and converts it into an electric current, producing a potential in the mV range.
The microprocessor uses this potential to convert the incoming value into the desired measuring unit and to display it on the LCD.
The measurement process is carried out in two phases: first the meter is zeroed and then the actual measurement is performed.
The cuvette has a very important role because it is an optical element and thus requires particular attention. It is important that both, the measurement and the calibration (zeroing) cuvettes, are optically identical to provide the same measurement conditions. Whenever possible use the same cuvette for both. It is necessary that the surface of the cuvette is clean and not scratched. This to avoid measurement interference due to unwanted reflection and absorption of light. It is recommended not to touch the cuvette walls with hands.
Furthermore, in order to maintain the same conditions during the zeroing and the measuring phases, it is necessary to close the cuvette to prevent any contamination.
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION
1) |
GLP/ |
key |
2) |
CAL CHECK key |
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3) |
ZERO/CFM key |
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4) |
READ/ |
/TIMER key |
5) |
ON/OFF key |
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6) |
Liquid |
Crystal Display (LCD) |
7) |
Cuvette |
alignment indicator |
8) |
Cuvette holder |
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KEYPAD DESCRIPTION
•ON/OFF: to turn the meter on and off.
•ZERO/CFM: to zero the meter prior to measurement, to confirm edited values or to confirm factory calibration restore.
•READ/
/TIMER: this is a multi-functional key. In measurement mode, press to make a measurement, or press and hold for three seconds to start a pre-programmed countdown prior to measurement. In GLP mode press to view the next screen.
•CAL CHECK: this is a bi-functional key. Just press to perform the validation of the meter, or press and hold for three seconds to enter calibration mode.
•GLP/
: this is a bi-functional key. Just press to enter GLP mode. In calibration mode press to edit the date and time.
OPERATING MODES
•Measurement mode: default operation mode, enables both validation and measurement.
•Calibration mode: may be entered by keeping CAL CHECK pressed for three seconds (the
“CAL” tag appears), it enables calibration of the instrument.
•GLP mode may be entered by pressing GLP/
(“GLP” appears), it enables consulting of user calibration date or restore factory calibration.
DISPLAY ELEMENTS DESCRIPTION
5 6 7
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8 |
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3 |
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9 |
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10 |
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1 |
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1)The measuring scheme (lamp, cuvette, detector), appears during different phases of zero or reading measurement
2)Error messages and warnings
3)The battery icon shows the charging level of the battery
4)The hourglass appears when an internal checking is in progress
5)Status messages
6)The chronometer appears when the reaction timer is running
7)The month, day and date icons appear when a date is displayed
8)Four digit main display
9)Measuring units
10) Four digit secondary display
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