Apple MAC OS X SERVER 10.5 Upgrading And Migrating
Mac OS X Server
Upgrading and Migrating
For Version 10.5 Leopard
Apple Inc.
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Contents
1
Preface 5 About This Guide
5
What’s in This Guide
6
Using This Guide
6
Using Onscreen Help
6
Mac OS X Server Administration Guides
8
Viewing PDF Guides on Screen
8
Printing PDF Guides
8
Getting Documentation Updates
9
Getting Additional Information
Chapter 1 11 Before You Begin
11
Servers from Which You Can Upgrade or Migrate
11
12
12
12
12
13
15
Upgrading to v10.5
Migrating from a Pre-10.5 Version Server to v10.5
Migrating from Windows NT
Migrating Users and Groups
Saving and Reusing User and Group Accounts
System Accounts
Applying a New Serial Number
Chapter 2 17 Upgrading Mac OS X Server v10.4
17
Understanding What Can Be Reused
18
Upgrading an Open Directory Master and Its Replicas
18
Step-by-Step Instructions
25
Upgrading Apache Web Server to v2.2 from v1.3
Chapter 3 27 Migrating from Mac OS X Server v10.4
27
Before You Begin
28
Understanding What You Can Migrate
29
Tools You Can Use
30
Step-by-Step Instructions
Chapter 4 47 Upgrading Mac OS X Server v10.3
47
Understanding What Can Be Reused
3
48
Upgrading an Open Directory Master and Its Replicas
48
Step-by-Step Instructions
55
Upgrading Apache Web Server to v2.2 from v1.3
Chapter 5 57 Migrating from Mac OS X Server v10.3
57
Before You Begin
58
Understanding What You Can Migrate
59
Tools You Can Use
60
Step-by-Step Instructions
Chapter 6 75 Migrating from Mac OS X Server v10.2
75
Before You Begin
75
Understanding What You Can Migrate
76
Tools You Can Use
77
Step-by-Step Instructions
Chapter 7 89 Migrating to Mac OS X Server from Windows NT
89
Before You Begin
90
Understanding What You Can Migrate
90
91
96
96
96
97
97
97
10 8
111
What Migrated Users Can Do
Planning Your Migration
Tools You Can Use
Tools for Migrating Users, Groups, and Computers
Tools for Migrating the File Service
Tools for Providing Windows Access to Print Service
Step-by-Step Instructions
Migrating Users, Groups, and Computers
Migrating Windows File Service
Providing Windows Access to Print Service
Index 11 5
4
Contents
About This Guide
Preface
Use this guide when you want to move to Mac OS X Server
v10.5 from a previous version of the server or to migrate
Windows NT data to Mac OS X Server v10.5.
Upgrading and Migrating
server versions. There are two approaches:
Â
Perform an upgrade installation. This approach leaves all your data and settings in
place and lets you reuse your existing server hardware for Mac OS X Server v10.5. You
can perform an upgrade installation of v10.4 and v10.3 servers.
Â
Manually migrate data and settings. This approach transfers data and settings to a
different computer—one running Mac OS X Server v10.5. You can migrate data and
settings from server versions 10.4, 10.3, and 10.2.
contains instructions for reusing data and settings of previous
What’s in This Guide
This guide includes the following chapters:
Â
Chapter 1, “Before You Begin,” summarizes upgrade and migration options and
requirements.
Â
Chapter 2, “Upgrading Mac OS X Server v10.4,” describes how to upgrade a v10.4.10 or
later server to v10.5.
Â
Chapter 3, “Migrating from Mac OS X Server v10.4,” describes how to migrate data
from a v10.4.10 or later server to a different computer running v10.5.
Â
Chapter 4, “Upgrading Mac OS X Server v10.3,” describes how to upgrade a v10.3.9
server to v10.5.
Â
Chapter 5, “Migrating from Mac OS X Server v10.3,” describes how to migrate data
from a v10.3.9 server to a different computer running v10.5.
Â
Chapter 6, “Migrating from Mac OS X Server v10.2,” describes how to migrate data
from a v10.2.8 server to a different computer running v10.5.
Â
Chapter 7, “Migrating to Mac OS X Server from Windows NT,” describes how to
migrate data from a Windows NT server to a computer running Mac OS X Server
v10.5.
5
Using This Guide
Using this guide is easy. Read Chapter 1 to make sure you understand your options.
Then turn to the chapter that addresses your upgrade or migration scenario. You’ll find
step-by-step instructions for preserving and reusing server data by using various tools
and manual techniques.
You’ll also find references to instructions and supplemental information in other guides
in the server suite. The next page tells you about the documents in the suite and where
to find them.
Using Onscreen Help
You can get task instructions onscreen in the Help Viewer application while you’re
managing Leopard Server. You can view help on a server or an administrator computer.
(An administrator computer is a Mac OS X computer with Leopard Server
administration software installed on it.)
To get help for an advanced configuration of Leopard Server:
m
Open Server Admin or Workgroup Manager and then:
Â
Use the Help menu to search for a task you want to perform.
Â
Choose Help > Server Admin Help or Help > Workgroup Manager Help to browse
and search the help topics.
The onscreen help contains instructions taken from
advanced administration guides described in “Mac OS X Server Administration Guides,”
next.
To see the most recent server help topics:
m
Make sure the server or administrator computer is connected to the Internet while
you’re getting help.
Help Viewer automatically retrieves and caches the most recent server help topics from
the Internet. When not connected to the Internet, Help Viewer displays cached help
topics.
Mac OS X Server Administration Guides
Getting Started
configuration of Leopard Server as well as for a standard or workgroup configuration.
An advanced guide,
and more. A suite of additional guides, listed below, covers advanced planning, setup,
and management of individual services. You can get these guides in PDF format from
the Mac OS X Server documentation website:
6 Preface
covers basic installation and initial setup methods for an advanced
Server Administration
About This Guide
Server Administration
, covers advanced planning, installation, setup,
and other
www.apple.com/server/documentation
This guide ... tells you how to:
Getting Started
Mac OS X Server Worksheet
Command-Line Administration
File Services Administration
iCal Service Administration
iChat Service Administration
Mac OS X Security Configuration
Mac OS X Server Security
Configuration
Mail Service Administration
Network Services Administration
Open Directory Administration
Podcast Producer Administration
Print Service Administration
QuickTime Streaming and
Broadcasting Administration
Server Administration
System Imaging and Software
Update Administration
Upgrading and Migrating
User Management
Web Technologies Administration
Xgrid Administration and High
Performance Computing
Mac OS X Server Glossary
and
Install Mac OS X Server and set it up for the first time.
Install, set up, and manage Mac OS X Server using UNIX commandline tools and configuration files.
Share selected server volumes or folders among server clients
using the AFP, NFS, FTP, and SMB protocols.
Set up and manage iCal shared calendar service.
Set up and manage iChat instant messaging service.
Make Mac OS X computers (clients) more secure, as required by
enterprise and government customers.
Make Mac OS X Server and the computer it’s installed on more
secure, as required by enterprise and government customers.
Set up and manage IMAP, POP, and SMTP mail services on the
server.
Set up, configure, and administer DHCP, DNS, VPN, NTP, IP firewall,
NAT, and RADIUS services on the server.
Set up and manage directory and authentication services, and
configure clients to access directory services.
Set up and manage Podcast Producer service to record, process,
and distribute podcasts.
Host shared printers and manage their associated queues and print
jobs.
Capture and encode QuickTime content. Set up and manage
QuickTime streaming service to deliver media streams live or on
demand.
Perform advanced installation and setup of server software, and
manage options that apply to multiple services or to the server as a
whole.
Use NetBoot, NetInstall, and Software Update to automate the
management of operating system and other software used by
client computers.
Use data and service settings from an earlier version of Mac OS X
Server or Windows NT.
Create and manage user accounts, groups, and computers. Set up
managed preferences for Mac OS X clients.
Set up and manage web technologies, including web, blog,
webmail, wiki, MySQL, PHP, Ruby on Rails, and WebDAV.
Set up and manage computational clusters of Xserve systems and
Mac computers.
Learn about terms used for server and storage products.
Preface
About This Guide
7
Viewing PDF Guides on Screen
While reading the PDF version of a guide onscreen:
Â
Show bookmarks to see the guide’s outline, and click a bookmark to jump to the
corresponding section.
Â
Search for a word or phrase to see a list of places where it appears in the document.
Click a listed place to see the page where it occurs.
Â
Click a cross-reference to jump to the referenced section. Click a web link to visit the
website in your browser.
Printing PDF Guides
If you want to print a guide, you can take these steps to save paper and ink:
Â
Save ink or toner by not printing the cover page.
 Save color ink on a color printer by looking in the panes of the Print dialog for an
option to print in grays or black and white.
 Reduce the bulk of the printed document and save paper by printing more than one
page per sheet of paper. In the Print dialog, change Scale to 115% (155% for Getting
Started). Then choose Layout from the untitled pop-up menu. If your printer supports
two-sided (duplex) printing, select one of the Two-Sided options. Otherwise, choose
2 from the Pages per Sheet pop-up menu, and optionally choose Single Hairline from
the Border menu. (If you’re using Mac OS X v10.4 or earlier, the Scale setting is in the
Page Setup dialog and the Layout settings are in the Print dialog.)
You may want to enlarge the printed pages even if you don’t print double sided,
because the PDF page size is smaller than standard printer paper. In the Print dialog or
Page Setup dialog, try changing Scale to 115% (155% for Getting Started, which has CDsize pages).
Getting Documentation Updates
Periodically, Apple posts revised help pages and new editions of guides. Some revised
help pages update the latest editions of the guides.
 To view new onscreen help topics for a server application, make sure your server or
administrator computer is connected to the Internet and click “Latest help topics” or
“Staying current” in the main help page for the application.
 To download the latest guides in PDF format, go to the Mac OS X Server
documentation website:
www.apple.com/server/documentation
8 Preface
About This Guide
Getting Additional Information
For more information, consult these resources:
 Read Me documents—important updates and special information. Look for them on
the server discs.
 Mac OS X Server website (www.apple.com/server/macosx)—gateway to extensive
product and technology information.
 Mac OS X Server Support website (www.apple.com/support/macosxserver)—access to
hundreds of articles from Apple’s support organization.
 Apple Training website (www.apple.com/training)—instructor-led and self-paced
courses for honing your server administration skills.
 Apple Discussions website (discussions.apple.com)—a way to share questions,
knowledge, and advice with other administrators.
 Apple Mailing Lists website (www.lists.apple.com)—subscribe to mailing lists so you
can communicate with other administrators using email.
Preface About This Guide 9
10 Preface About This Guide
1 Before You Begin
1
Take a few moments to become familiar with upgrade and
migration options and requirements.
If you’re using Mac OS X Server v10.3 or v10.4, you may not need to migrate server data
to a different computer. You might be able to upgrade your server, a process that
installs and sets up Mac OS X Server v10.5 on your existing server computer while
preserving data and service settings.
Servers from Which You Can Upgrade or Migrate
You can reuse server data and settings with Mac OS X Server v10.5 by:
 Upgrading server v10.4.10 or later or v10.3.9
 Migrating from versions 10.4.10 or later, 10.3.9, or 10.2.8
 Migrating from Windows NT
Upgrading to v10.5
You can upgrade your v10.4.10 or later or v10.3.9 server to v10.5 or later if:
 You don’t need to reformat the current computer’s hard disk.
 Your server hardware has:
 An Intel or PowerPC G5 or G4 (1 GHz or faster) processor
 At least 1 gigabyte (GB) of random access memory (RAM)
 At least 20 gigabytes (GB) of disk space available
When you upgrade a server, you perform an upgrade installation from the server
installation disc on your server computer. Data and settings are preserved for you, and
manual adjustments are minimal.
Note: Mac OS X Server v10.5 does not support Macintosh Manager.
11
Migrating from a Pre-10.5 Version Server to v10.5
Even if your existing server meets the minimum requirements for upgrading, you may
want to migrate instead of upgrade. For example, you may be updating computers and
decide that you want to reestablish your server environment on newer computers.
Migrations from Mac OS X Server versions 10.4.10 or later, 10.3.9, and 10.2.8 are
supported. When you migrate, you install and perform initial setup of Mac OS X Server
v10.5 on a computer, restore files onto the v10.5 computer from the pre-v10.5
computer, and make manual adjustments as required.
Note: Migrating Macintosh Manager data is not supported.
You’ll need to migrate, not upgrade, to Mac OS X Server v10.5 if:
 Your v10.2.8, v10.3.9, or v10.4.10 or later server’s hard disk needs reformatting.
 Your v10.2.8, v10.3.9, or v10.4.10 or later server doesn’t have:
 An Intel or PowerPC G5 or G4 (1 GHz or faster) processor
 At least 1 GB of RAM
 At least 20 GB of disk space available
 You want to move data and settings you’ve been using on a v10.2.8, v10.3.9, or
v10.4.10 or later server to different server hardware.
 The server version you’ve been using is earlier than v10.2.8.
Migrating from Windows NT
Mac OS X Server can provide a variety of services to users of Microsoft Windows 95, 98,
ME (Millennium Edition), XP, Vista, NT 4, and 2000 computers. By providing these
services, Mac OS X Server can replace Windows NT servers in small workgroups.
Chapter 7, “Migrating to Mac OS X Server from Windows NT,” explains how to import
users, groups, and computers from a Microsoft Windows NT server to a Mac OS X
Server primary domain controller (PDC). This chapter also explains how to migrate
home directories, share points, and server configuration information.
Migrating Users and Groups
All versions of Mac OS X Server you can migrate from are supported by tools that help
you move user and group accounts from an existing server to a v10.5 server.
Saving and Reusing User and Group Accounts
To save user and group accounts to be imported later, back up the Open Directory
master database or export the user and group accounts using Workgroup Manager. To
restore user and group accounts, restore the Open Directory master database or use
Workgroup Manager or the dsimport tool.
Each migration chapter provides instructions for using these tools.
12 Chapter 1 Before You Begin
System Accounts
When you install Mac OS X Server, several user and group accounts are created in the
local directory. These accounts are sometimes called system accounts because they’re
used by the server system software. For a description of how predefined accounts are
used, see User Management.
You can’t change the names or IDs of system accounts, so when you migrate users and
groups, don’t try to. However, you can add users during migration to two system
groups—admin and wheel:
 The wheel and admin groups allows members to use the su (substitute user)
command in the Terminal application to log in on a remote computer as the root
user. (Members should know the root password to use the su command.)
Use ssh to log in, enter su, then supply the root password when prompted.
 The admin group gives members the right to administer Mac OS X Server. Admin
users can use server management applications and install software that requires
administrator privileges. By default, members of the admin group can gain root
privilege using the sudo command.
Here are the predefined user accounts:
Name Short name UID
Unprivileged User nobody -2
System Administrator root 0
System Services daemon 1
Printing Services lp 26
Postfix User postfix 27
VPN MPPE Key vpn_nnnnnnnnnnnn 57
World Wide Web Server www 70
Apple Events User eppc 71
MySQL Server mysql 74
sshd Privilege separation sshd 75
QuickTime Streaming Server qtss 76
Cyrus IMAP User cyrus 77
Mailman User mailman 78
Application Server appserver 79
Clamav User clamav 82
Amavisd User amavisd 83
Jabber User jabber 84
Xgrid Controller xgridcontroller 85
Xgrid Agent xgridagent 86
Chapter 1 Before You Begin 13
Name Short name UID
Application Owner appowner 87
WindowServer windowserver 88
Unknown User unknown 99
Here are the predefined groups:
Short name Group ID
nobody -2
nogroup -1
wheel 0
daemon 1
kmem 2
sys 3
tty 4
operator 5
mail 6
bin 7
staff 20
lp 26
postfix 27
postdrop 28
utmp 45
uucp 66
dialer 68
network 69
www 70
mysql 74
sshd 75
qtss 76
mailman 78
appserverusr 79
admin 80
appserveradm 81
clamav 82
amavisd 83
jabber 84
xgridcontroller 85
14 Chapter 1 Before You Begin
Short name Group ID
xgridagent 86
appowner 87
windowserver 88
accessibility 90
unknown 99
Applying a New Serial Number
When upgrading to Mac OS X Server v10.5 from v10.4, you must configure your system
to use a v10.5 serial number.
Chapter 1 Before You Begin 15
16 Chapter 1 Before You Begin
2 Upgrading Mac OS X Server v10.4
2
Use the instructions in this chapter to upgrade a v10.4.10 or
later server to v10.5.
You can upgrade computers with Mac OS X Server v10.4.10 or later that don’t require
hard disk reformatting and that have:
 An Intel or PowerPC G5 or G4 (867 MHz or faster) processor
 At least 1 GB of RAM
 At least 20 GB of disk space available
Understanding What Can Be Reused
When you upgrade from Mac OS X Server v10.4.10 or later, virtually all existing data and
settings remain available for use, but note the following:
 NetBoot images created using Mac OS X Server versions 10.3 and 10.4 can be reused.
NetBoot images created using earlier versions cannot be used.
 When upgrading to Mac OS X Server v10.5, the launch daemons (/System/Library/
LaunchDaemons) are replaced by the Mac OS X Server v10.5 version of these
daemons.
 Upgrading to v10.5 removes the QTSS Publisher application but leaves the files used
by the application. These files should continue to work on v10.5, but you must move
them to the appropriate locations. For more information about moving them, see
“QTSS Publisher Files and Folders” on page 45.
 PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) 4 will reach its end of life on December 31, 2007
and critical security fixes will not be made after August 8, 2008, as announced at
www.php.net. If you upgrade to Mac OS X Server v10.5 and retain PHP 4.4.x and
Apache 1.3, plan on switching to PHP 5.x and Apache 2.2 before August 8, 2008 to
maintain a secure PHP.
Note: Macintosh Manager is not supported in Mac OS X Server v10.5.
17
.
Upgrading an Open Directory Master and Its Replicas
When the server you want to upgrade is an Open Directory master or replica, upgrade
the master and then upgrade the replicas.
To upgrade the master and its replicas:
1 Upgrade the master to v10.5 using the instructions in “Step-by-Step Instructions” on
page 18.
While you’re upgrading the master, client computers can’t connect to it for Open
Directory services.
Clients may experience a delay while automatically finding an Open Directory replica
server. In addition, you can eliminate this delay by changing the DHCP service to use
the address of an Open Directory replica server if the server provides clients with an
LDAP server address.
When the master upgrade is complete, you can change the DHCP service to use the
address of the master. For instructions on configuring LDAP settings in DHCP service,
see Network Services Administration.
2 Upgrade each replica server to v10.5.
3 Using Server Admin, connect to each replica server and reconnect the replicas with the
master.
For information about resetting passwords in the master, see “Directory Services” on
page 23.
Step-by-Step Instructions
To upgrade a v10.4.10 or later server to v10.5, follow the instructions in this section.
1 Update your
server to v10.4.10.
3 Make adjustments as needed
after initial server setup.
2 Perform an
upgrade to v10.5
18 Chapter 2 Upgrading Mac OS X Server v10.4
Step 1: Update your server to v10.4.10 or later
If necessary, use Software Update to update your server to v10.4.10 or later.
Step 2: Save all service settings
Use serveradmin or Server Admin to export all service settings for reference. Also, use
System Profiler to generate a full profile of your system. Store the exported service
settings and your server’s profile on a removable drive or another system.
Important: Before upgrading you should also create a full, bootable, tested-by-booting
clone of your server as a backup in case you need it in the future.
Step 3: Save Print service settings
Use the serveradmin settings print command to save the print service settings
before you start the upgrade.
serveradmin settings print >
exported_print_settings
Also, record the names and IDs of the CUPS queues for later use.
Step 4: Perform an upgrade to v10.5
You can use the v10.5 installation disc to perform the upgrade locally on your server
computer if it has a display, keyboard, and optical drive attached.
After the upgrade is complete, the computer restarts and Server Assistant leads you
through initial server setup. Your existing settings are displayed, and you can change
them if you like.
To upgrade to v10.5 and perform initial server setup locally:
1 Make sure that DHCP or DNS servers your server depends on are running.
2 Turn on the computer and insert the installation disc into the optical drive.
3 Restart the server while holding down the C key on the keyboard.
The computer boots from the installation disc. You can release the C key when you see
the Apple logo.
For information about restarting a headless Xserve system, see the user’s guide that
came with the system.
4 When the Installer opens, follow the onscreen instructions to proceed through each
pane, then click Continue.
Note: In the Select a Destination pane, be sure to select the disk or partition on which
v10.4.10 or later is installed.
During installation, progress information is displayed.
After installation is complete, the computer restarts and Server Assistant opens so you
can perform initial server setup.
Chapter 2 Upgrading Mac OS X Server v10.4 19
5 Move through the Assistant’s panes, following the onscreen instructions.
Your existing settings are displayed in the panes, but you can change them if you like.
Enter a unique server software serial number for each server you upgrade. You’ll find
the number printed on the materials provided with the server software package. If you
have a site license, a registered owner name and organization must be entered exactly
as specified by your Apple representative.
After all setup data has been entered, Server Assistant displays a summary of the data.
6 Review the setup data, optionally click Go Back to change it.
7 To initiate setup of the server, click Apply.
8 When server setup is complete, click Restart Now.
Note: You may need to manually start Mail service after upgrading the server.
To upgrade to v10.5 and perform initial server setup remotely:
1 Make sure that DHCP or DNS servers your server depends on are running.
2 Start the computer from the installation disc.
The procedure you use depends on whether the target server has an optical drive that
can read your installation disc. If you have an installation DVD, the optical drive must
be able to read DVD discs.
If the target server has a keyboard and an optical drive that can read your installation
disc, insert the installation disc into the optical drive, then hold down the C key on the
keyboard while restarting the computer.
If the target server is an Xserve system with a built-in optical drive that can read your
installation disc, start the server using the installation disc by following the instructions
in Xserve User’s Guide for starting from a system disc.
If the target server lacks a built-in optical drive that can read your installation disc, you
can start it in target disk mode and insert the installation disc into the optical drive on
your administrator computer. You can also use an external FireWire optical drive.
If the target server is an Xserve system, you can move its drive module to another
Xserve system that has an optical drive capable of reading your installation disc.
Instructions for using target disk mode and external optical drives are in the Quick Start
guide, Getting Started guide, or user’s guide that came with your Xserve system or
Macintosh computer.
3 On an administrator computer, navigate to /Applications/Server/ and open Server
Assistant (you don’t need to be an administrator on the local computer to use Server
Assistant), then select “Install software on a remote server.”
20 Chapter 2 Upgrading Mac OS X Server v10.4
4 Identify the server you want to upgrade.
If it’s on the local subnet, select it in the list.
Otherwise, click “Server at IP Address” and enter an IP address in IPv4 format
(000.000.000.000).
5 When prompted for a password, enter the old administrator password.
6 Proceed by following the onscreen instructions.
7 When the Volumes pane appears, select a target disk or volume (partition) and click
Continue.
During installation, progress information is displayed.
After installation is complete, the computer restarts, and then Server Assistant opens
and displays a Welcome pane.
8 To initiate server setup, select “Set up a remote server” and click Continue.
9 In the Destination pane, put a check in the Apply column for the server you’re
upgrading, then enter its preset password in the Password field and click Continue to
connect to the server.
If you don’t see the server in the list, click Add to add it or Refresh to determine
whether it’s available.
10 Move through the Assistant’s panes, following the onscreen instructions.
Your existing settings are displayed in the panes, but you can change them if you like.
You must enter a unique server software serial number for each server you upgrade.
You’ll find the number printed on the materials provided with the server software
package. If you have a site license, enter the registered owner name and organization
exactly as specified by your Apple representative.
After all setup data has been entered, Server Assistant displays a summary of the data.
11 Review the setup data, optionally clicking Go Back to change it.
12 To initiate setup of the server, click Apply.
13 When server setup is complete, click Restart Now.
Note: You may need to manually start Mail service after upgrading the server.
Step 5: Make adjustments as needed after initial server setup
Now you can use Workgroup Manager, Server Admin, Terminal, and other applications
to refine your server’s settings and take advantage of new v10.5 features.
For an explanation of new and changed features, see the administration guide for
individual services. Following are a few suggestions of particular interest.
Chapter 2 Upgrading Mac OS X Server v10.4 21
Print Service Settings
To restore Print service settings, you must first recreate the original CUPS queues before
importing the saved settings.
For printers connected directly to the server via USB, the queues are created by CUPS
when the printers are plugged in and turned on. However, for network printers, you
must add the printers using either Server Admin > Print (for LPR or AppleTalk printers)
or System Preferences > Print & Fax (for all printer types).
Important: When recreating a CUPS queue, make sure you give it the same name as
the one it had before the upgrading process. If the name is not the same, Server Admin
won’t import the settings correctly.
Important: When creating the print queues using the Print & Fax pane of System
Preferences, specify Generic Postscript (Generic PPD) for any queue that enforces
quotas because there are known issues with third-party printer drivers and CUPS
quotas. For more information about this issue, see the Knowledge Base article at
http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=303538.
After creating the print queues, import the saved settings:
serveradmin settings
exported_print_settings
WebObjects
Restore httpd.conf to the previous version (httpd.conf.AppleSaved), or include the
following line in the new httpd.conf file:
Include /System/Library/WebObjects/Adaptors/Apache/apache.conf
If you didn’t install JavaTM 1.4.2 on your v10.4.10 or later server, you must manually
update WebObjects application projects to use the version of the Java Virtual Machine
(JVM) included with v10.5.
To update a WebObjects project:
1 Open the project in Xcode.
2 In the Expert View for the main target’s settings, change the property value for
JAVA_VM to java.
Note: JavaMonitor and WebObjects Task Daemon (wotaskd) services are now managed
by launchd and can be accessed through Server Admin. If the server you’re upgrading
has the startup item /System/Library/StartupItems/WebObjects, you can ignore it. It’s
disabled by default and isn’t necessary for autostarting WebObjects services with
Mac OS X Server v10.5. For more information, see Web Technologies Administration and
WebObjects Deployment.
22 Chapter 2 Upgrading Mac OS X Server v10.4
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) Certificates
Use Server Admin to import existing SSL certificates you want to continue to use for
iChat, Open Directory, Mail, or Web services.
To import an SSL certificate:
1 Open Server Admin.
2 Select the upgraded server in the list of computers and services.
3 Click Certificates.
4 Import the certificates you want to use.
You can also create a self-signed certificate and generate a Certificate Signing Request
(CSR) to obtain an SSL certificate from a certificate authority and then install the
certificate.
5 Click Save.
6 Activate the certificates per service.
For more information about importing, creating, and activating self-signed certificates,
see iChat Service Administration, Mail Service Administration, Open Directory
Administration, and Web Technologies Administration.
Groups
If you want groups to use new v10.5 features such as nesting and stricter membership
checking, upgrade group records using Workgroup Manager.
To upgrade a group record:
1 Open Workgroup Manager.
2 Open the directory that contains the groups of interest.
3 Select one or more groups and click “Upgrade legacy group.”
4 Click Save.
Directory Services
After upgrading, you may want to convert a shared NetInfo directory to LDAP. For
information about the advantages of using LDAP and how to use Server Admin to
conduct the conversion, see Open Directory Administration.
If you want to enable Kerberos for an Open Directory master that it’s not enabled for,
use the following command, which maintains existing passwords and adds them to a
new KDC:
slapconfig -kerberize
Chapter 2 Upgrading Mac OS X Server v10.4 23
If you have user accounts with crypt passwords and you don’t Kerberize them using the
above command, you can use Workgroup Manager to upgrade to Open Directory
passwords.
To use Workgroup Manager, open the application and access the directory where the
user account resides. Authenticate as domain administrator, then select a user with a
crypt password. Click Advanced, choose Open Directory from the User Password Type
pop-up menu, click Basic, specify a new password, and click Save.
For more information about slapconfig, see its man page.
LDAP ACLs
Due to a change in format, you must manually move the LDAP access control lists
(ACLs) after the upgrade is finished. During the upgrade process, the container or
record for accesscontrols and ACL information is made available as Read-Only.
Add custom ACLs to the new olcAccess attribute (in olcBDBConfig). You must also use
set directive instead of the group directive.
the
LDAP Schemas
If you update the slapd.conf file when adding schema files, run the slaptest
command. This command identifies the change for the new schema addition and
makes it persistent in the database.
To run the slaptest command:
1 Back up the slapd.d directory (in /etc/openldap).
2 Run the following command to specify an alternative slapd.conf file:
slaptest -f
<path_to_slapd.conf>
-F
<path_to_slapd.d>
3 Compare the old slapd.d directory with the new directory to determine which changes
need to be made.
4 Restart slapd.
DNS
When you select DNS in Server Admin for the first time after an upgrade, Server Admin
prompts you whether to upgrade.
If you click Don’t Upgrade, Server Admin leaves the DNS configuration files as they
were before the v10.5 upgrade. DNS still runs, but you can’t make DNS configuration
changes using Server Admin. If you need to make changes, you must edit the DNS
configuration files.
If you click Upgrade, Server Admin upgrades the configuration files to the v10.5 format.
After that, you can use Server Admin to make DNS configuration changes.
24 Chapter 2 Upgrading Mac OS X Server v10.4
NetBoot Images
You can reuse NetBoot images created using versions 10.3 and 10.4 following the
upgrade.
To manage Netboot images, you use System Image Utility, which replaces Network
Image Utility during the upgrade.
The Open Directory Upgrade Log
Information about upgrading the Open Directory LDAP server is stored in
/Library/Logs/slapconfig.log.
Web Service
If you’ve modified /etc/httpd/workers.properties, reapply your changes to the version
of the file that’s installed with Mac OS X Server v10.5.
Upgrading Apache Web Server to v2.2 from v1.3
When you upgrade from Mac OS X Server v10.4.10 or later to Mac OS X Server v10.5, the
upgrade process keeps Web service configured to run Apache v1.3.
To switch to Apache v2.2 after upgrading to Mac OS X Server v10.5, use Web service’s
Apache upgrade option in Server Admin.
To upgrade to Apache v2.2:
1 Open Server Admin.
2 From the list of computers and services, select Web.
3 Click Overview and then click Upgrade Apache Version.
4 Click 2.2.
5 Click Continue.
6 After Upgrading succeeds, click Close.
7 In the Overview pane, verify that the Apache version is 2.2.
Important: Apache 2.2 runs as a 64-bit process on appropriate hardware, but Apache
1.3 is 32-bit only.
WARNING: There are possible side-effects when running of the Apache 1-to-Apache 2
conversion script, particularly for security-related settings, which will impact the
security of your upgrade.
For more information about upgrading to Apache 2.2, see Network Services
Administration.
Chapter 2 Upgrading Mac OS X Server v10.4 25
26 Chapter 2 Upgrading Mac OS X Server v10.4
3 Migrating from Mac OS X Server
v10.4
3
Use the instructions in this chapter when you need to
migrate data from a v10.4.10 or later server to a different
computer running v10.5.
You can migrate data from Mac OS X Server v10.4.10 or later computers that can’t or
won’t be upgraded to v10.5 or later. Such computers may:
 Require hard disk reformatting or replacement with a newer computer.
 Be using server hardware that doesn’t have:
 An Intel or PowerPC G5 or G4 (867 MHz or faster) processor
 At least 1 GB of RAM
 At least 20 GB of available disk space
Before You Begin
Before using the instructions in this chapter, perform initial setup of the v10.5 server
that you’ll migrate data to. For instructions, see Getting Started.
If necessary, upgrade the server whose data you’ll migrate so it’s running v10.4.10
or later.
When the server is an Open Directory master or replica, set up the v10.5 master and
then set up the v10.5 replicas.
27
To reestablish the master and its replicas:
1 Set up the v10.5 master.
While you’re setting up the master, client computers can’t connect to the v10.4.10 or
later master for Open Directory services.
In addition, clients may experience a delay while automatically finding the nearest
Open Directory replica server. You can eliminate this delay by changing the DHCP
service to use the address of an Open Directory replica server if it provides clients with
an LDAP server address.
When the v10.5 master is ready, you can change the DHCP service to use the address of
the master.
For instructions on configuring LDAP settings in DHCP service, see Network Services
Administration.
2 Change the v10.4.10 or later replica’s role to standalone, then set up the v10.5 server to
be a replica of the v10.5 master.
For instructions about changing a server’s Open Directory role to standalone and
replica, see Open Directory Administration.
For information about resetting passwords in the master, see Step 6 on page 37.
Understanding What You Can Migrate
The information in “Step-by-Step Instructions” on page 30 describes how to reuse the
following v10.4 data with v10.5:
 Web configuration data
 Web content
 MySQL data
 Mail database
 WebMail data
 FTP configuration files
 LDAP server settings
 NetBoot images
 WebObjects applications and frameworks
 Tomcat data
 JBoss applications
 AFP settings
 SMB Settings
 IP firewall configuration
 DNS settings
 DHCP settings
28 Chapter 3 Migrating from Mac OS X Server v10.4
 NAT settings
 Print settings
 VPN settings
 User data, including home directories
 QuickTime Streaming Server files and folders
 QTSS Publisher files and folders
 User and group accounts
 iChat server settings
Use serveradmin or Server Admin to export all service settings for reference. Store the
exported service settings on a removable drive or another system.
Note: One way to save service settings in Server Admin is to select the service from the
list of computers and services on the left, click Settings, and drag the button on the
bottom-right to the Desktop. Dragging this button creates a file on the Desktop
containing the service settings.
In v10.5,
watchdog has been replaced by launchd. To reenable automatic hardware
restart, use the Energy Saver pane of System Preferences. To migrate settings for
services you added to /etc/watchdog.conf, create a launchd plist file and install it into
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons/. For more information about launchd, see its man
page.
Tools You Can Use
Several tools are available:
 You can use Workgroup Manager to export v10.4 user and group accounts to a
delimited file and then import them into a v10.5 server. You can also import users
and groups using the command-line dsimport tool.
 Workgroup Manager’s import facility and the dsimport tool also let you import other
kinds of data, such as computers and computer lists.
 Use the 59_webconfigmigrator tool to migrate Web service settings.
 Use the 50_ipfwconfigmigrator to export Firewall service settings.
 Use the 58_jabbermigrator.pl to migrate iChat service settings.
Instructions in the following sections explain when and how to use these utilities.
Chapter 3 Migrating from Mac OS X Server v10.4 29
Step-by-Step Instructions
To move data from a Mac OS X Server v10.4.10 or later computer to a computer with
Mac OS X Server v10.5 installed, follow the instructions in this section.
1 Export user and
group information.
user
group
2017
Workgroup Manager
9 Test the new server.
Shared Folders
Read & Write
Engineering
Read & Write
Designs
Documents
.XML
8 Set up share points
and privileges.
Shared Folders
Read & Write
Engineering
Read & Write
Designs
Read Only
Documents
2 Create archive files of data
and user export files.
userdata.tar
database.tar
Read Only
3 Note current share
points and privileges.
Shared Folders
Read & Write
Engineering
Read & Write
Designs
Read Only
Documents
4 Copy archive files
to new server.
userdata.tar
database.tar
5 Set up home
directory
infrastructure.
6 Import user
and other data.
user
Workgroup
Manager or
dsimport tool
group
2017
7 Relocate data files
on new server.
30 Chapter 3 Migrating from Mac OS X Server v10.4
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