Apple MAC OS X SERVER 10.5 Quick start guide

Mac OS X Server

Getting Started For Version 10.5 Leopard

Apple Inc.

The owner or authorized user of a valid copy of Mac OS X Server software may reproduce this publication for the purpose of learning to use such software. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted for commercial purposes, such as selling copies of this publication or for providing paid-for support services.

Every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate. Apple Inc. is not responsible for printing or clerical errors.

Because Apple periodically releases new versions and updates to its software, images shown in this book may be different from what you see on your screen.

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Apple, the Apple logo, AirPort, AirPort Express, AirPort Extreme, Bonjour, FireWire, iCal, iPod, iSight, iTunes, Keychain, Keynote, Mac, Mac OS, Macintosh, Panther, Power Mac, QuickTime, Xcode, Xgrid, and Xserve are trademarks of Apple Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. Apple Remote Desktop, Apple TV, Finder, iPhone, Leopard, Safari, Spotlight, and Tiger are trademarks of Apple Inc.

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™

PowerPC

and the PowerPC logo™ are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation, used under license therefrom.

UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group in the U.S. and other countries.

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034-4192-A/2007-09-01

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What’s New in Leopard Server

Simple Setup

Server Preferences and Server Status

iCal Server

Group Services with Wikis and Blogs

What’s New in Leopard Server

Mac OS X Server v10.5 Leopard offers major enhancements in several key areas:

Simple setup

Â Server Preferences and Server Status

Â iCal Server

Â Group services with wikis and blogs

Â Directory application

Â Podcast Producer

Â Spotlight Server

Â UNIX compliance and 64-bit computing

Leopard Server also has significant performance and scalability improvements for key services, such as file sharing and mail services, compared to earlier versions.

If you’re an experienced server administrator and want to set up an enterprise server or have other advanced needs, you’ll find enhancements to file sharing services, web technologies, media streaming, instant messaging, mail service, directory and network authentication, system imaging, and client management. Server Admin, Workgroup Manager, and System Image Utility are all improved. For more information, see Server Administration and the other advanced administration guides described in “Mac OS X Server Administration Guides” on page 144.

10 Chapter 1

Introducing Mac OS X Server

Simple Setup

Using Mac OS X Server is easier than ever. Server Assistant eliminates the complexities of configuring a server. It walks you through the setup process and the configuration of essential services. It automatically configures your AirPort Extreme Base Station (802.11n) and runs a built-in network health check to verify local network and Internet connectivity. In a few clicks, Leopard Server readies file sharing, email, group websites, instant messaging, personal calendars, and remote access.

Chapter 1 Introducing Mac OS X Server 11

Users can quickly and easily set up Macs with Mac OS X Leopard to get services from the server. They click a button in an invitation email or open the Directory Utility application to open an assistant that connects to the server and sets up applications to use its services. In no time, Mail, iChat, iCal, and a VPN network connection are all ready to use. iChat users see other users in their iChat buddy lists. Mail users are ready to send email to anyone in their group. Address Book, Directory, and Mail are ready to look up shared contact information in the server’s directory. A printer connected to the server’s USB port is automatically available to users.

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Server Preferences and Server Status

Leopard Server is even easier to keep running. Need to change something? With Server Preferences, you can quickly manage users, groups, services, and system information. You can use Server Preferences on the server, or use it on another Mac to manage your server over the network.

Find the setting you need without knowing its exact location

To monitor server performance and services, you can check graphs and statistics with the Server Status Dashboard widget. Server Status works over the network, so you can keep an eye on the server from another Mac.

Monitor processor, network, or disk usage

Check service status

Chapter 1 Introducing Mac OS X Server 13

iCal Server

iCal Server makes it easy to share calendars, schedule meetings, and coordinate events within a workgroup, a small business, or a large organization. Colleagues can check each other’s availability, propose and accept meetings, book conference rooms, reserve projectors, and more. iCal Server sends meeting invitations with agendas or to-do lists, and tabulates replies.

iCal Server integrates with leading calendar applications including iCal 3 in Leopard and third-party calendar applications that support the standard CalDAV protocol.

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Group Services with Wikis and Blogs

Leopard Server includes a wiki service that makes it easy for groups to create and distribute information through their own shared intranet websites. All members of a group can easily view, search, and edit wiki content in their web browsers. By using included templates, or by creating their own, they can add, delete, edit, and format content naturally—without knowing markup codes or special syntax. With a few clicks, they can attach files and images, publish to podcasts, assign keywords, and link to other wiki pages or other websites. They can also review the wiki’s complete history of changes and revert pages to a previous version. In addition, they can view and contribute to shared calendars, blogs, and mailing list archives.

Each user can have a blog, which provides an easy way to keep colleagues up to date with projects, the files they’re working on, and pictures or podcasts. A personal blog is the perfect place to put information for your group, or just for your own reference.

Chapter 1 Introducing Mac OS X Server 15

Podcast Producer

A video camera, a Mac, and Leopard Server are all you need to produce podcasts of lectures, training, or any other audio and video projects. Podcast Producer automates video and audio capture, encoding, and delivery.

The Podcast Capture application installed on every Mac with Leopard allows users to record high-quality audio and video from a FireWire camera, USB microphone, iSight, or other supported device attached to a local or remote Mac. Podcast Capture automatically sends the completed recording to Podcast Producer on Leopard Server, which encodes and publishes the recording based on your workflow selection in Podcast Capture. Podcast Producer can add effects such as watermarks, titles, and introductory video, and then publish the podcast to a webpage, blog, iTunes, iTunes U, QuickTime streaming server, an iPod, Apple TV, iPhone, or other mobile phone. Leopard Server’s mail service can even notify you when the job has completed.

Chapter 1 Introducing Mac OS X Server 17

In addition to recording audio and video, you can use Podcast Capture to record screen activity (for example a Keynote presentation) along with audio from a local or remote source. You can also use Podcast Capture to share QuickTime movies with others.

Anyone with an Internet connection and authorization to use Podcast Capture can start the whole process. Simply log in to Podcast Capture, make a few selections, and click a button to start recording. Click another button to stop recording, enter a title and description, and click a button to start the podcast publishing process. Podcast Producer takes care of the rest.

Podcast Producer automatically uses your server’s Xgrid 2 service for high performance podcast encoding. Xgrid distributes encoding jobs across the network to Macs that have Leopard set up to share their spare processing power. You can accommodate more podcasts by adding Macs, and Xgrid scales automatically.

Spotlight Server

Spotlight simplifies finding content on a Mac, and Leopard Server extends Spotlight searching to the network. Spotlight Server lets Mac users quickly and easily find documents, files, and other content stored on your server. It works the way people think, by searching the content on mounted network volumes, not just looking at file names. There is no need to remember what someone else named a particular shared document, project, or file. Use Quick Look to view, play, and read found files without opening them.

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Content indexing happens automatically and transparently on the server. No configuration of the server or users’ Macs is necessary.

For security, Spotlight Server works with the file access controls and permissions of Mac OS X Server. A user’s search lists only items to which the user has access, ensuring that secrets stay secret. So everyone in a group can store files on the server. Group members can easily find shared files, but outsiders can’t find them.

UNIX Compliance

Leopard Server is an Open Brand UNIX 03 Registered Product, conforming to the SUSv3 and POSIX 1003.1 specifications for the C API, Shell Utilities, and Threads. Leopard Server can compile and run all your UNIX 03-compliant code, so it can be deployed in environments that demand full conformance. Mac OS X Server also provides full compatibility with your server and application software.

64-Bit Computing

For the first time in Leopard Server, key server software components take advantage of 64-bit computing to achieve higher performance and processing power and to work with larger data sets. Leopard Server runs 64-bit applications alongside 32-bit applications, optimized for each.

Chapter 1 Introducing Mac OS X Server 19

Server Configurations

Leopard Server offers several options for setting up your server to suit your circumstances. The table on the next page lists some reasons for choosing each of the following configurations:

Â Standard: A simplified configuration ideal for the first server or only server in a small

organization

Â Workgroup: An easy-to-use setup ideal for a workgroup in an organization with an

existing directory server

Â Advanced: A flexible configuration ideal for advanced, highly customized

deployments

You can change a standard configuration to a workgroup configuration by connecting the server to a directory server in your organization. Conversely, you can change from workgroup to a standard configuration by disconnecting the server from the directory server. You can also convert to advanced from standard or workgroup (but not the reverse, except by reinstalling Leopard Server). For information about changing configurations, see “Connecting to a Directory Server” on page 135 and Server Administration (described in “Mac OS X Server Administration Guides” on page 144).

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Reasons to choose Standard Workgroup Advanced

Set up the first server or only server for a small organization

Have all services set up automatically

Have only selected services set up automatically

Use existing user accounts from your organization’s directory server

Use one simple application, Server Preferences, to manage essential settings for user accounts, groups, and services

Have Leopard users’ Macs automatically set up to use the server

Need no server administration experience

Completely control hundreds of service configuration settings for multiple servers

Manage user accounts, home folders, and preferences for hundreds or thousands of users, groups, and computers

Set up network home folders and mobile user accounts

Use powerful applications, such as Server Admin and Workgroup Manager, or command-line tools, to configure services and manage clients

Save setup data for automatic setup of multiple servers

Upgrade existing servers

Chapter 1 Introducing Mac OS X Server 21

Leopard Server in Action

The following illustration shows a standard configuration of Mac OS X Server in a small organization. The server connects to a local network together with some users’ computers. Other users’ computers connect to the local network wirelessly through an AirPort Extreme Base Station. The AirPort Extreme connects to the Internet through a DSL modem or cable modem and shares the Internet connection with the server and users’ computers. The server and users’ computers get their network addresses from the AirPort Extreme’s DHCP server. They get DNS name service from the Internet service provider (ISP).

The server provides user and group accounts, shared folders, shared calendars, instant messaging, and a wiki website with blogs. The ISP doesn’t provide enough email addresses for everyone in the organization, so the server provides email addresses and mail service.

Some users may check their email while away, but they don’t have portable computers to take home or on the road. They can log in to the server’s webmail service from their home computers or any borrowed computer with a web browser.

Other users have their portable computers and home computers set up to connect to the server’s VPN via the Internet. This gives them secure remote access, while working at home or traveling, to all the services that the server provides on the local network.

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AirPort

Extreme

Mac OS X

Server

DSL or

cable modem

The Internet

ISP’s DNS

server

VPN

Mac OS X computer

Mac OS X computers

Chapter 1 Introducing Mac OS X Server 23

Leopard Server in a Workgroup

The next illustration depicts a workgroup configuration of Mac OS X Server that serves a department in a large organization. This organization has an IT group that provides DHCP service for assigning network addresses, DNS name service, mail service, Internet access, and a VPN.

Everyone in the department already has a user account provided by the organization’s Open Directory server, so these user accounts have been imported to the workgroup server. This means everyone simply uses the user name and password they already know to authenticate for services provided by the workgroup server. Those services were automatically set up to use the Kerberos authentication of the Open Directory server, allowing users to log in once per session for all workgroup services.

The workgroup server provides calendar and instant messaging services that work with the users’ Mac OS X iCal and iChat applications. The workgroup server also provides shared folders and wiki websites for groups within the department. Some departmental groups include participants from outside the department. A group’s external members use their existing user accounts to access the group’s shared folder, calendar, wiki, and blog.

The department has some Windows users, who use Internet Explorer and Safari to access their group’s wiki, calendar, and blog. Shared folders appear as mapped drives in their Network Places. They have also set up their PCs to use the workgroup server’s Jabber instant messaging.

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Organization-wide servers

Organization

The intranet

Workgroup

The Internet

AirPort

Extreme

Mac OS X

server

Mac OS X

administrator computer

Mac OS X computersWindows computers

Chapter 1 Introducing Mac OS X Server 25

Services

Leopard Server provides the services and system features shown in the following table. Services and system information are set up automatically for a standard or workgroup configuration, using information you provide during the initial server setup.

After setting up a standard or workgroup configuration, you can change service and system settings. You can turn off services that you don’t need, perhaps because you already have them. For example, a standard configuration doesn’t need to provide mail service if you want to use the mail service provided by an Internet service provider. If no one needs to access your server from home or while traveling, you can turn off VPN service.

A workgroup configuration may not need to provide mail or VPN service if your organization provides them. For information about service and system settings, see Chapter 4, “Managing Your Server,” Chapter 8, “Customizing Services,” and Chapter 9, “Managing Server Information.”

If you select an advanced configuration during initial setup, services are not set up automatically. You use advanced administration applications such as Server Admin and Workgroup Manager, or command-line tools, to configure advanced settings for the services you need the server to provide. For information about an advanced configuration, see Server Administration and the other advanced administration guides described in “Mac OS X Server Administration Guides” on page 144.

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Service Standard Workgroup Advanced

File sharing (AFP and SMB protocols) Included Optional Optional

File sharing (FTP and NFS protocols) Not used Not used Optional

Printer sharing (directly connected USB or FireWire

Automatic Automatic Not used

printer)

Print Not used Not used Optional

iCal (calendar sharing, event scheduling) Included Optional Optional

iChat (instant messaging) Included Optional Optional

Mail with spam and virus filtering Included Optional Optional

Web (wikis, blogs, webmail) Included Optional Optional

VPN (secure remote access) Optional Optional Optional

Internet gateway (NAT, DNS) Optional Optional Optional

Time Machine backup of server Optional Optional Not used

Open Directory (user accounts and other data) Automatic Automatic Optional

Application firewall Optional Optional Not used

IP firewall with optional adaptive firewall Not used Not used Optional

Podcast Producer Not used Not used Optional

Comprehensive user and workgroup management Not used Not used Optional

Xgrid (computational clustering) Not used Not used Optional

DHCP, DNS, NAT Automatic Automatic Optional

RADIUS Not used Not used Optional

NetBoot and NetInstall (system imaging) Not used Not used Optional

Chapter 1 Introducing Mac OS X Server 27

Service Standard Workgroup Advanced

Spotlight (searching) Automatic Automatic Automatic

QuickTime Streaming Not used Not used Optional

Software update Not used Not used Optional

Remote management Included Included Included

Remote login (SSH) Included Included Included

Applications and Utilities

After setting up Leopard Server, you can change service settings and perform other server administration tasks using the applications described below. You can also use the Directory application, which is designed for users who aren’t administrators to manage shared information in the server’s directory. It’s installed on all Macs with Leopard as well as on your server. For information about using the Directory application or Directory Utility, open it and then use the Help menu. For information about using the other applications, see other chapters in this book.

Applications for standard and workgroup server administrators

Advanced Tools and Applications

If you set up an advanced configuration of Leopard Server, you administer it using the applications and tools listed below. For more information, see Server Administration and the other advanced administration guides described in “Mac OS X Server Administration Guides” on page 144.

Important: If you have administrative applications and tools from Mac OS X Server

version 10.4 Tiger or earlier, do not use them with Leopard Server.

Applications and tools for advanced server administrators

Directory Utility

(in /Applications/Utilities/)

Podcast Capture

(in /Applications/Utilities/)

QuickTime Broadcaster

(in /Applications/)

RAID Admin

(in /Applications/Server/)

Connect the server to a directory server in your organization.

Lets users record high-quality audio and video from a local or remote camera, capture screen activity, or upload QuickTime files into Podcast Producer for encoding and distribution.

Captures live audio and video and works seamlessly with QuickTime Streaming Server for high-quality network broadcasting.

Set up and monitor Xserve RAID hardware.

Chapter 1 Introducing Mac OS X Server 29

Applications and tools for advanced server administrators

Server Admin

(in /Applications/Server/)

Set up services, manage file share points, change service setup, and customize server settings. Monitor server activity and view detailed service logs.

Server Assistant

(in /Applications/Server/)

Server Monitor

(in /Applications/Server/)

System Image Utility

(in /Applications/Server/)

Workgroup Manager

(in /Applications/Server/)

Install or set up Mac OS X Server on a remote computer.

Remotely monitor and manage one or more Xserve systems.

Create and customize NetBoot and NetInstall images for Mac OS X and Mac OS X Server computers.

Manage users, groups, computers, and computer groups in advanced server deployments. Manage preferences for Mac OS X users.

Xgrid Admin

(in /Applications/Server/)

Remotely manage clusters and monitor the activity of controllers, agents, and the status of jobs on the grid.

Command-line tools Use UNIX tools to install and set up server software,

administer services, manage users, and so forth.

30 Chapter 1 Introducing Mac OS X Server

+ 138 hidden pages

Apple MAC OS X SERVER 10.5 Quick start guide

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Contents

What’s New in Leopard Server

Simple Setup

Server Preferences and Server Status

iCal Server

Group Services with Wikis and Blogs

Directory

Podcast Producer

Spotlight Server

UNIX Compliance

64-Bit Computing

Server Configurations

Leopard Server in Action

Leopard Server in a Workgroup

Services

Applications and Utilities

Advanced Tools and Applications