Apple Mac OS X Server User Manual



Mac OS X Server

Installation Manual

K Apple Computer, Inc.

© 1999 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.

Under the copyright laws, this manual may not be copied, in whole or in part, without the written consent of Apple.
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Apple Computer, Inc.
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Cupertino, CA 95014-2084
408-996-1010
http://www.apple.com

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Simultaneously published in the United States and Canada.

Contents

1Welcome to Mac OS X Server 5

What’s Included With Mac OS X Server 5

Apache Web Server Software 5

WebObjects 5

NetBoot Server Software 6

Scalable File Services 6

QuickTime Streaming Server Software 6

System Requirements 6

Steps for Installing Mac OS X Server Software 7

2 Formatting Your Hard Disk 9

Partitioning a Hard Disk for Mac OS X Server 10

3 Installing Mac OS X Server 13

Installing the Software 13

After Installing Mac OS X Server 15

Using the Setup Assistant 15

About Starting Up 15

Where to Find More Information 16

4 Installing WebObjects 17

Installing WebObjects Deployments 17

After Installation 18

Upgrading Your License 18

Installing Developer Tools 18

System Requirements 18

3

5 Setting Up Your NetBoot Server 21

Planning Your Network 21

Determining How Many Clients to Connect to the Server 21

Gathering Information for the NetBoot Server Setup Assistant 22

NetBoot Server Worksheet 27

Installing and Setting Up NetBoot Server Software 27

If NetBoot Server Software Is Already Installed on Your Server 27

If You Need to Install NetBoot Server Software 28

Setting Up Macintosh Manager 28

Opening Macintosh Manager 29

Starting Up a NetBoot Client Computer 30

Installing Applications for NetBoot Clients 30

Getting More Help 31

6 Troubleshooting 33

Problems With Your Server 33

Problems With NetBoot Client Computers 35

Common Troubleshooting Tasks 36

Making Sure the Hard Disk Is Working Properly 36

Checking Server Processes 36

Restarting the Server 37

Halting Mac OS X Server and Restarting From the CD 37

Using the System Disk Program to Select a Startup Disk 38

Repairing Mac OS X Server Disks 38

4 Contents

CHAPTER

1

1

Welcome to Mac OS X Server

Mac OS X Server combines the proven strength of UNIX® and the trademark ease-of-use of
the Macintosh to create a powerful new server operating system. It delivers higher
performance and greater reliability, along with compelling services tailored for the Internet,
publishing, and education.

What’s Included With Mac OS X Server

Mac OS X Server is built on the same foundations that will power Mac OS X, providing
system-wide protected memory and full preemptive multitasking. It also supports open
standards such as 100% Pure Java and BSD 4.4. It is wrapped in a friendly desktop interface
called Workspace Manager. For more information about the system, open the Help menu in
Workspace Manager.

Mac OS X Server includes the following services, all of which can be easily enabled using Mac
OS X Server’s Setup Assistant:

Apache Web Server Software

Mac OS X Server includes Apache, the world’s most popular Web server, which scales from
small workgroups to an Internet site hosting multiple domains and handling millions of hits
per day. The Mac OS X Server Setup Assistant allows you to set up a basic Apache server with
a single click. This product includes software developed by the Apache Group for use in the
Apache HTTP server project (http://www.apache.org).

WebObjects

Apache also provides a conduit for WebObjects applications. Mac OS X Server includes a
basic deployment license for Apple’s WebObjects application server, the industry’s leading
technology for deploying network applications across corporate intranets or the World Wide
Web. For this release, the full suite of WebObjects development tools are also bundled with
the commercial version of Mac OS X Server.

5

NetBoot Server Software

NetBoot is a revolutionary new technology that makes it easy to set up and administer a
network of Macintosh computers. NetBoot allows the computers on the network to run from
a shared System Folder and use shared applications stored on a network server. NetBoot also
provides users with secure access to the applications and personal files they need from any
Macintosh computer on the network.

Scalable File Services

Mac OS X Server is capable of supporting thousands of open files and over a thousand
concurrent users. Authorized users can access files from any AppleShare client over TCP/IP or
AppleTalk. User and group information can be shared among multiple servers, and
everything can be managed remotely using web-based remote administration tools.

QuickTime Streaming Server Software

Mac OS X Server also includes a special preview version of the QuickTime Streaming server.
QuickTime Streaming allows you to deliver rich digital media over the Internet or intranets
to any QuickTime-capable application. For information on how to obtain a compatible
QuickTime client, visit http://www.apple.com/quicktime/.

System Requirements

6 Chapter 1

To use Mac OS X Server you must have a desktop or minitower Power Macintosh G3
computer with

m at least 64 megabytes (MB) of random-access memory (RAM)

To use a QuickTime Streaming server, a minimum of 256 MB of RAM is recommended; to
use a single service at full capacity, a minimum of 128 MB is recommended. Using
multiple services at the same time significantly increases RAM needs.

m a hard disk with at least 1 gigabyte (GB) of available storage space (also see the hard disk

partitioning recommendations on page 10)

m built-in video or an Apple-supplied video card

Important For the latest information about supported and compatible systems, go to

http://www.apple.com/support/

Steps for Installing Mac OS X Server Software

If you purchased a computer with Mac OS X Server software already on it, you don’t need to
install anything else to use the server.

To install Mac OS X Server software, follow these steps:

1 Decide how you’re going to use the server.

For example, will you use the server for QuickTime Streaming? for basic file sharing? as a
NetBoot server? How you’ll use the computer determines how you format its disks.

2 Format the computer’s hard disk(s) according to the recommendations and procedure in

Chapter 2, “Formatting Your Hard Disk,” on page 9.

3 Install Mac OS X Server software according to the instructions in Chapter 3, “Installing Mac

OS X Server,” on page 13.

4 Use the Setup Assistant to configure your system.

The Setup Assistant starts automatically at the end of the software installation process.

5 If you are going to install WebObjects or NetBoot server software, follow the instructions in

Chapter 4, “Installing WebObjects,” on page 17 or Chapter 5, “Setting Up Your NetBoot
Server,” on page 21.

The NetBoot Setup Assistant starts automatically after you install the NetBoot server
software.

Welcome to Mac OS X Server 7

CHAPTER

2

2

Formatting Your Hard Disk

Mac OS X Server supports three file system formats: Mac OS Standard (HFS), Mac OS
Extended (HFS Plus), and Mac OS Server (UFS). Mac OS 8 cannot read UFS disks or files, but
Mac OS X Server can read all three formats.

You can have multiple formats on the same disk by partitioning it (dividing it into sections)
and selecting a different format for each partition. Mac OS X Server requires at least a 1 GB
Mac OS Server partition. You can create up to eight Mac OS Extended partitions on the same
disk, but you can only have one Mac OS Server partition per disk.

If your Mac OS X Server will share files with Mac OS 8 computers, or import data from
Mac OS 8 clients for Apache Web services or QuickTime Streaming, you need at least one
Mac OS Extended partition.

Note: Instead of creating partitions on the same disk, you can format entire disks (internal
hard drives or external drives connected to one computer) in different formats.

If you purchased a computer with Mac OS X Server already installed, its hard disk is already
partitioned. (See the computer manual for more information.) You don’t need to continue
with the instructions in this manual unless you want to change the way your hard disks are
formatted and partitioned.

9

The following table suggests some of the partitioning options.

To set up one of these services... ...format the hard disk with these partitions:

Mac OS Server
partition

A high-performance Apache Web server Entire disk

Mac OS Extended
partition

A high-performance QuickTime

Entire disk

Streaming server

An Apache Web server or QuickTime

1 GB minimum Remaining disk space
Streaming server that will share files with
Mac OS clients

An Apple file services server 1 GB minimum Remaining disk space

A NetBoot server 1 GB minimum Remaining disk space

(must be at least 4 GB)

Partitioning a Hard Disk for Mac OS X Server

If the disk on which you’re going to install Mac OS X Server will also have at least one Mac OS
Extended partition, you first create all the partitions in Mac OS Extended format. When you
install Mac OS X Server, you select one of the partitions to be reformatted in Mac OS Server
format.

If you are going to install Mac OS X Server on an unpartitioned disk formatted in Mac OS
Standard or Mac OS Extended, and you want the disk to be entirely in Mac OS Server format
without a Mac OS Extended partition, then skip to Chapter 3 and install Mac OS X Server. If
you are going to install Mac OS X Server on a disk with Mac OS Extended partitions, and you
want the disk entirely formatted in Mac OS Server format, then follow the steps below to
format the disk.

10 Chapter 2

Use a Mac OS utility such as Drive Setup (provided on the Mac OS X Server CD, in the
Utilities folder) to initialize your hard disk and create partitions. You can create up to eight
Mac OS Extended partitions on a single disk. You can have only one Mac OS Server partition
per disk.

Warning Partitioning a disk erases all the information on that disk. Before you partition a

hard disk, back up any files you want to keep.

To partition a disk, follow these steps:

1 Insert the Mac OS X Server CD.

2 Restart your computer while holding down the C key.

This starts up the computer from the CD using Mac OS 8 (on the Mac OS Extended partition
of the CD).

3 Locate and open the Drive Setup application (in the Utilities folder).

4 Open the Help menu and choose Drive Setup Help.

5 Follow the instructions in Drive Setup Help (see the “partitions” topics in the index) to

create your Mac OS Extended partitions.

If the disk is going to be formatted entirely in Mac OS Server format, then choose one
partition. Otherwise, create the number of partitions you need (all in Mac OS Extended
format), and make at least one partition at least 1 GB for Mac OS X Server to be installed on.

Important If you are creating a NetBoot server, for fastest performance, don’t create more

than two partitions on your hard disk.

6 Quit Drive Setup and proceed to Chapter 3 for instructions on installing Mac OS X Server.

Formatting Your Hard Disk 11

CHAPTER

3

3

Installing Mac OS X Server

Installing the Software

Note: If you are installing Mac OS X Server on an external hard disk, make sure the SCSI ID
number of the disk is the number you plan to use after installation. If you change the disk’s
SCSI ID number after installation, you’ll need to use the System Disk application to reselect
the startup device. See “Using the System Disk Program to Select a Startup Disk” on page 38
for details.

To install Mac OS X Server software, follow these steps:

1 Insert the Mac OS X Server CD in your computer’s CD-ROM drive.

2 Restart the computer while holding down the C key.

Your computer starts up from the CD. Continue holding down the C key until you see the
Welcome to Mac OS message.

3 If necessary, open the Mac OS X Server Install folder on the CD, then double-click the Install

Mac OS X Server icon.

4 Select the language you want to use for the installation.

Note: If you purchased the English version of the product, most services will be available
only in English, even if you install the software using a different language.

13

A screen appears describing the steps in the installation process.

Click to display more
information about
each step.

5 Click Continue to begin, then follow the onscreen instructions.

The Installer guides you through the steps necessary to install the software. To learn more
about each step, click the Help button (h) in the upper-right corner of the window.

Important Your computer restarts several times as a normal part of the installation process.

Warning Once installation begins, don’t click Quit or Stop. If you do, your hard disk (or

the partition on which you’re installing the software) may be left in an unusable state and
you’ll need to start the installation from the beginning.

14 Chapter 3

If you cancel the installation process and then you can’t start up the computer, and the
computer has a Mac OS partition available, try one of the following:

m Start up from the Mac OS partition by pressing the Option key while you press the Power

key.

m Reset the parameter RAM by pressing the following keys while you press the Power key:

Command-Option-P-R. Continue to press the keys until you hear the startup sound twice
or see the computer attempt to restart twice. (Some monitors suppress the startup
sound.)

If neither of these works, try starting up the computer from the Mac OS X Server CD (press
the C key and the Power key).