HEIDENHAIN TNC 640 User Manual
TNC 640
User's Manual
HEIDENHAIN
Conversational Programming
NC Software
340590-02
340591-02
340594-02
English (en)
5/2013
Controls of the TNC
Controls of the TNC
Keys on visual display unit
Key Function
Select split screen layout
Toggle the display between
machining and programming
modes
Soft keys for selecting functions on
screen
Shifting between soft-key rows
Alphanumeric keyboard
Key Function
File names, comments
DIN/ISO programming
Programming modes
Key Function
Programming
Test run
Program/file management, TNC functions
Key Function
Select or delete programs and files,
external data transfer
Define program call, select datum
and point tables
Select MOD functions
Display help text for NC error
messages, call TNCguide
Display all current error messages
Machine operating modes
Key Function
Manual operation
Electronic handwheel
Positioning with manual data input
Program run, single block
Program run, full sequence
Show calculator
Navigation keys
Key Function
Move highlight
Go directly to blocks, cycles and
parameter functions
Potentiometer for feed rate and spindle speed
Feed rate Spindle speed
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TNC 640 | User's Manual
Cycles, subprograms and program section repeats
Key Function
Define touch probe cycles
Define and call cycles
Enter and call labels for
subprogramming and program
section repeats
Enter program stop in a program
Tool functions
Key Function
Define tool data in the program
Call tool data
Special functions
Key Function
Show special functions
Select the next tab in forms
Up/down one dialog box or button
Entering and editing coordinate axes and numbers
Key Function
Select coordinate axes or enter
. . . .
. . . .
them in a program
Numbers
Decimal point / Reverse algebraic
sign
Programming path movements
Key Function
Approach/depart contour
FK free contour programming
Straight line
Circle center/pole for polar
coordinates
Circular arc with center
Circle with radius
Circular arc with tangential
connection
Chamfer/Corner rounding
Polar coordinate input /
Incremental values
Q-parameter programming / Q
parameter status
Save actual position or values from
calculator
Skip dialog questions, delete
words
Confirm entry and resume dialog
Conclude block and exit entry
Clear numerical entry or TNC error
message
Abort dialog, delete program
section
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Controls of the TNC
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TNC 640 | User's Manual
Fundamentals
Fundamentals
About this manual
About this manual
The symbols used in this manual are described below.
This symbol indicates that important notes about the
function described must be regarded.
This symbol indicates that there is one or more
of the following risks when using the described
function:
Danger to workpiece
Danger to fixtures
Danger to tool
Danger to machine
Danger to operator
This symbol indicates a possibly dangerous situation
that may cause light injuries if not avoided.
This symbol indicates that the described function
must be adapted by the machine tool builder. The
function described may therefore vary depending on
the machine.
This symbol indicates that you can find detailed
information about a function in another manual.
Would you like any changes, or have you found any errors?
We are continuously striving to improve our documentation for you.
Please help us by sending your requests to the following e-mail
address: tnc-userdoc@heidenhain.de.
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TNC model, software and features
TNC model, software and features
This manual describes functions and features provided by TNCs as
of the following NC software numbers.
TNC model NC software number
TNC 640 340590-02
TNC 640 E 340591-02
TNC 640 Programming Station 340594-02
The suffix E indicates the export version of the TNC. The export
version of the TNC has the following limitations:
Simultaneous linear movement in up to 4 axes
The machine tool builder adapts the usable features of the TNC to
his machine by setting machine parameters. Some of the functions
described in this manual may therefore not be among the features
provided by the TNC on your machine tool.
TNC functions that may not be available on your machine include:
Tool measurement with the TT
Please contact your machine tool builder to become familiar with
the features of your machine.
Many machine manufacturers, as well as HEIDENHAIN, offer
programming courses for the TNCs. We recommend these courses
as an effective way of improving your programming skill and
sharing information and ideas with other TNC users.
User's Manual for Cycle Programming:
All of the cycle functions (touch probe cycles and
fixed cycles) are described in the Cycle Programming
User’s Manual. Please contact HEIDENHAIN if you
require a copy of this User’s Manual. ID: 892905-xx
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Fundamentals
TNC model, software and features
Software options
The TNC 640 features various software options that can be enabled by your machine tool builder. Each option is to
be enabled separately and contains the following respective functions:
Hardware, options
■
1st additional axis for 4 axes plus spindle
■
2nd additional axis for 5 axes plus spindle
Software option 1 (option number 08)
Rotary table machining
Coordinate transformation
Interpolation
Software option 2 (option number 09)
3-D machining
Interpolation
HEIDENHAIN DNC (option number 18)
Display step (Option number 23)
step
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
■
Programming of cylindrical contours as if in two axes
Feed rate in distance per minute
Working plane, tilting the ...
Circle in 3 axes with tilted working plane (spacial arc)
Motion control with minimum jerk
3-D tool compensation through surface normal vectors
Using the electronic handwheel to change the angle of the swivel head
during program run without affecting the position of the tool point.
(TCPM = Tool Center Point Management)
Keeping the tool normal to the contour
Tool radius compensation perpendicular to traversing and tool direction
Linear in 5 axes (subject to export permit)
Communication with external PC applications over COM component
Linear axes to 0.01 µmInput resolution and display
Rotary axes to 0.00001°
Dynamic Collision Monitoring (DCM) software option (option number 40)
Collision monitoring in all
machine operating modes
Software option for additional conversational languages (option number 41)
Additional conversational
languages
8
The machine manufacturer defines objects to be monitored
■
Three warning levels in manual operation
■
Program interrupt during automatic operation
■
Includes monitoring of 5-axis movements
■
Slovenian
■
Norwegian
■
Slovak
■
Latvian
■
Korean
■
Estonian
■
Turkish
■
Romanian
■
Lithuanian
■
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TNC 640 | User's Manual
TNC model, software and features
DXF Converter software option (option number 42)
Extracting contour
programs and machining
positions from DXF data.
Extracting contour sections
from plain-language
programs.
Adaptive Feed Control (AFC) software option (option number 45)
Function for adaptive feed-
rate control for optimizing
the machining conditions
during series production
KinematicsOpt software option (option number 48)
Touch-probe cycles for
automatic testing and
optimization of the machine
kinematics
Mill-Turning software option (option number 50)
Functions for milling/turning
mode
Supported DXF format: AC1009 (AutoCAD R12)
■
For contours and point patterns
■
Simple and convenient specification of reference points
■
Select graphical features of contour sections from conversational
■
programs
Recording the actual spindle power by means of a teach-in cut
■
Defining the limits of automatic feed rate control
■
Fully automatic feed control during program run
■
Backup/restore active kinematics
■
Test active kinematics
■
Optimize active kinematics
■
Switching between Milling/Turning mode of operation
■
Constant cutting speed
■
Tool-tip radius compensation
■
Turning cycles
■
Extended Tool Managment software option (option number 93)
Extended tool management, python-based
■
Remote Desktop Manager software option (option number 133)
Windows on a separate computer unitRemote operation of
■
external computer units
(e.g. Windows PC) via the
TNC user interface
Incorporated in the TNC interface
■
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Fundamentals
Cross Talk Compensation (CTC) software option (option number 141)
TNC model, software and features
Compensation of axis
couplings
Position Adaptive Control (PAC) software option (option number 142)
Changing control
parameters
Load Adaptive Control (LAC) software option (option number 143)
parameters
Active Chatter Control (ACC) software option (option number 145)
Fully automatic function for chatter control during machining
Determination of dynamically caused position deviation through axis
■
acceleration
Compensation of the TCP
■
Changing of the control parameters depending on the position of the
■
axes in the working space
Changing of the control parameters depending on the speed or
■
acceleration of an axis
Automatic determination of workpiece weight and frictional forcesDynamic changing of control
■
Continuous adaptation of the parameters of the adaptive precontrolling
■
to the actual weight of the workpiece during machining
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TNC 640 | User's Manual
TNC model, software and features
Feature Content Level (upgrade functions)
Along with software options, significant further improvements
of the TNC software are managed via the Feature Content Level
upgrade functions. Functions subject to the FCL are not available
simply by updating the software on your TNC.
All upgrade functions are available to you without
surcharge when you receive a new machine.
Upgrade functions are identified in the manual with FCL n, where n
indicates the sequential number of the feature content level.
You can purchase a code number in order to permanently enable
the FCL functions. For more information, contact your machine tool
builder or HEIDENHAIN.
Intended place of operation
The TNC complies with the limits for a Class A device in
accordance with the specifications in EN 55022, and is intended for
use primarily in industrially-zoned areas.
Legal information
This product uses open source software. Further information is
available on the control under
Programming and Editing operating mode
MOD function
LICENSE INFO soft key
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Fundamentals
TNC model, software and features
New functions
New functions 34059x-02
DXF files can be opened directly on the TNC in order to extract
contours and point patterns (Programming: Data transfer from DXF
files or plain-language contours, page 243).
The active tool-axis direction can now be activated in manual
mode and during handwheel superimposition as a virtual tool axis
(Superimposing handwheel positioning during program run: M118 ,
page 360).
The machine manufacturer can now define any areas on the
machine for collision monitoring (Dynamic Collision Monitoring
(software option), page 371).
Writing and reading data in freely definable tables (Freely definable
tables, page 402).
The Adaptive Feed Control (AFC) function has been integrated
(Adaptive Feed Control Software Option (AFC), page 377)
New touch probe cycle 484 for calibrating the wireless TT 449 tool
touch probe (see User's Manual for Cycles).
The new HR 520 and HR 550 FS handwheels are supported
(Traverse with electronic handwheels, page 490).
New machining cycle 225 ENGRAVING (see User’s Manual for
Cycle Programming)
New Active Chatter Control (ACC) software option (Active Chatter
Control (ACC; software option), page 389).
New manual probing cycle "Center line as datum" (Setting a center
line as datum , page 535).
New function for rounding corners (Rounding corners: M197,
page 366).
External access to the TNC can now be blocked with a MOD
function (External access, page 584).
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TNC model, software and features
Modified functions 34059x-02
The maximum number of characters for the NAME and DOC fields
in the tool table has been increased from 16 to 32 (Enter tool data
into the table, page 160).
The columns AFC and ACC were added to the tool table (Enter tool
data into the table, page 160).
Operation and position behavior of the manual probing cycles has
been improved (Using 3-D touch probes , page 514).
Predefined values can now be entered into a cycle parameter
with the PREDEF function in cycles (see User’s Manual for Cycle
Programming).
The status display has been expanded with the AFC tab (Additional
status displays, page 76).
The FUNCTION TURNDATA SPIN rotational function has been
expanded with an input option for maximum speed (Program
spindle speed, page 464).
A new optimization algorithm is now used with the KinematicsOpt
cycles (see User’s Manual for Cycle Programming).
With Cycle 257, circular stud milling, a parameter is now available
with which you can determine the approach position on the stud
(see User's Manual for Cycle Programming)
With Cycle 256, rectangular stud, a parameter is now available with
which you can determine the approach position on the stud (see
User's Manual for Cycle Programming).
With the "Basic Rotation" probing cycle, workpiece misalignment
can now be compensated for via a table rotation (Compensation of
workpiece misalignment by rotating the table, page 528)
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Fundamentals
TNC model, software and features
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TNC 640 | User's Manual
Contents
1 First Steps with the TNC 640......................................................................................................... 47
2 Introduction.......................................................................................................................................69
3 Programming: Fundamentals, file management...........................................................................89
4 Programming: Programming aids................................................................................................ 131
5 Programming: Tools....................................................................................................................... 155
6 Programming: Programming contours........................................................................................ 191
7 Programming: Data transfer from DXF files or plain-language contours................................. 243
8 Programming: Subprograms and program section repeats...................................................... 261
9 Programming: Q Parameters.........................................................................................................277
10 Programming: Miscellaneous functions.......................................................................................347
11 Programming: Special functions.................................................................................................. 367
12 Programming: Multiple Axis Machining...................................................................................... 409
13 Programming: Pallet editor........................................................................................................... 453
14 Programming: Turning Operations............................................................................................... 459
15 Manual operation and setup.........................................................................................................485
16 Positioning with Manual Data Input............................................................................................ 547
17 Test run and program run............................................................................................................. 553
18 MOD functions................................................................................................................................581
19 Tables and overviews.....................................................................................................................605
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Contents
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TNC 640 | User's Manual
1 First Steps with the TNC 640......................................................................................................... 47
1.1 Overview................................................................................................................................................. 48
1.2 Machine switch-on.................................................................................................................................48
Acknowledging the power interruption and moving to the reference points...........................................48
1.3 Programming the first part...................................................................................................................49
Selecting the correct operating mode..................................................................................................... 49
The most important TNC keys.................................................................................................................49
Creating a new program/file management.............................................................................................. 50
Defining a workpiece blank......................................................................................................................51
Program layout......................................................................................................................................... 52
Programming a simple contour................................................................................................................53
Creating a cycle program......................................................................................................................... 56
1.4 Graphically testing the first part..........................................................................................................58
Selecting the correct operating mode..................................................................................................... 58
Selecting the tool table for the test run..................................................................................................58
Choosing the program you want to test................................................................................................. 59
Selecting the screen layout and the view............................................................................................... 59
Starting the test run.................................................................................................................................60
1.5 Setting up tools..................................................................................................................................... 61
Selecting the correct operating mode..................................................................................................... 61
Preparing and measuring tools................................................................................................................ 61
The tool table TOOL.T............................................................................................................................. 62
The pocket table TOOL_P.TCH.................................................................................................................63
1.6 Workpiece setup.....................................................................................................................................64
Selecting the correct operating mode..................................................................................................... 64
Clamping the workpiece.......................................................................................................................... 64
Workpiece alignment with 3-D touch probe............................................................................................ 65
Datum setting with 3-D touch probe....................................................................................................... 66
1.7 Running the first program.................................................................................................................... 67
Selecting the correct operating mode..................................................................................................... 67
Choosing the program you want to run.................................................................................................. 67
Start the program.....................................................................................................................................67
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Contents
2 Introduction.......................................................................................................................................69
2.1 The TNC 640........................................................................................................................................... 70
Programming: HEIDENHAIN conversational and ISO formats.................................................................70
Compatibility.............................................................................................................................................70
2.2 Visual display unit and operating panel..............................................................................................71
Display screen..........................................................................................................................................71
Setting the screen layout.........................................................................................................................71
Control Panel............................................................................................................................................72
2.3 Modes of Operation...............................................................................................................................73
Manual Operation and El. Handwheel.....................................................................................................73
Positioning with Manual Data Input.........................................................................................................73
Programming............................................................................................................................................ 73
Test Run................................................................................................................................................... 74
Program Run, Full Sequence and Program Run, Single Block.................................................................74
2.4 Status displays....................................................................................................................................... 75
"General" status display............................................................................................................................75
Additional status displays.........................................................................................................................76
2.5 Window Manager...................................................................................................................................83
Task bar.................................................................................................................................................... 84
2.6 SELinux security software.....................................................................................................................85
2.7 Accessories: HEIDENHAIN 3-D Touch Probes and Electronic Handwheels.......................................86
3-D touch probes..................................................................................................................................... 86
HR electronic handwheels....................................................................................................................... 87
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3 Programming: Fundamentals, file management...........................................................................89
3.1 Fundamentals......................................................................................................................................... 90
Position encoders and reference marks.................................................................................................. 90
Reference system.................................................................................................................................... 90
Reference system on milling machines...................................................................................................91
Designation of the axes on milling machines..........................................................................................91
Polar coordinates...................................................................................................................................... 92
Absolute and incremental workpiece positions....................................................................................... 93
Selecting the datum.................................................................................................................................94
3.2 Opening programs and entering.......................................................................................................... 95
Organization of an NC program in HEIDENHAIN Conversational format.................................................95
Define the blank: BLK FORM.................................................................................................................. 95
Opening a new part program.................................................................................................................. 96
Programming tool movements in conversational.....................................................................................97
Actual position capture.............................................................................................................................99
Editing a program...................................................................................................................................100
The TNC search function....................................................................................................................... 103
3.3 File manager: Fundamentals...............................................................................................................105
Files........................................................................................................................................................ 105
Displaying externally generated files on the TNC..................................................................................107
Data Backup........................................................................................................................................... 107
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Contents
3.4 Working with the file manager.......................................................................................................... 108
Directories.............................................................................................................................................. 108
Paths.......................................................................................................................................................108
Overview: Functions of the file manager.............................................................................................. 109
Calling the file manager......................................................................................................................... 110
Selecting drives, directories and files....................................................................................................111
Creating a new directory....................................................................................................................... 112
Creating a new file.................................................................................................................................112
Copying a single file...............................................................................................................................112
Copying files into another directory.......................................................................................................113
Copying a table...................................................................................................................................... 114
Copying a directory................................................................................................................................ 115
Choosing one of the last files selected.................................................................................................115
Deleting a file.........................................................................................................................................116
Deleting a directory................................................................................................................................116
Tagging files........................................................................................................................................... 117
Renaming a file...................................................................................................................................... 118
Sorting files............................................................................................................................................ 118
Additional functions................................................................................................................................119
Additional tools for management of external file types.........................................................................120
Data transfer to/from an external data medium.................................................................................... 125
The TNC in a network............................................................................................................................127
USB devices on the TNC.......................................................................................................................128
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4 Programming: Programming aids................................................................................................ 131
4.1 Adding comments................................................................................................................................132
Application.............................................................................................................................................. 132
Entering comments during programming..............................................................................................132
Inserting comments after program entry.............................................................................................. 132
Entering a comment in a separate block...............................................................................................132
Functions for editing of the comment...................................................................................................133
4.2 Display of NC Programs...................................................................................................................... 134
Syntax highlighting................................................................................................................................. 134
Scrollbar..................................................................................................................................................134
4.3 Structuring programs...........................................................................................................................135
Definition and applications..................................................................................................................... 135
Displaying the program structure window / Changing the active window.............................................135
Inserting a structuring block in the (left) program window.................................................................... 135
Selecting blocks in the program structure window............................................................................... 135
4.4 Calculator.............................................................................................................................................. 136
Operation................................................................................................................................................136
4.5 Programming graphics........................................................................................................................ 138
Generating / not generating graphics during programming................................................................... 138
Generating a graphic for an existing program....................................................................................... 138
Block number display ON/OFF...............................................................................................................139
Erasing the graphic................................................................................................................................ 139
Showing grid lines..................................................................................................................................139
Magnification or reduction of details..................................................................................................... 140
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Contents
4.6 Error messages..................................................................................................................................... 141
Display of errors.....................................................................................................................................141
Open the error window......................................................................................................................... 141
Closing the error window...................................................................................................................... 141
Detailed error messages........................................................................................................................142
INTERNAL INFO soft key.......................................................................................................................142
Clearing errors........................................................................................................................................143
Error log..................................................................................................................................................143
Keystroke log..........................................................................................................................................144
Informational texts................................................................................................................................. 145
Saving service files................................................................................................................................ 145
Calling the TNCguide help system........................................................................................................ 146
4.7 TNCguide context-sensitive help system..........................................................................................147
Application.............................................................................................................................................. 147
Working with the TNCguide.................................................................................................................. 148
Downloading current help files.............................................................................................................. 152
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5 Programming: Tools....................................................................................................................... 155
5.1 Entering tool-related data................................................................................................................... 156
Feed rate F.............................................................................................................................................156
Spindle speed S..................................................................................................................................... 157
5.2 Tool data................................................................................................................................................158
Requirements for tool compensation.................................................................................................... 158
Tool number, tool name......................................................................................................................... 158
Tool length L.......................................................................................................................................... 158
Tool radius R.......................................................................................................................................... 158
Delta values for lengths and radii.......................................................................................................... 159
Entering tool data into the program...................................................................................................... 159
Enter tool data into the table.................................................................................................................160
Importing tool tables..............................................................................................................................169
Pocket table for tool changer.................................................................................................................170
Call tool data.......................................................................................................................................... 173
Tool change............................................................................................................................................ 175
Tool usage test.......................................................................................................................................178
Tool management (software option)...................................................................................................... 180
5.3 Tool compensation............................................................................................................................... 187
Introduction.............................................................................................................................................187
Tool length compensation...................................................................................................................... 187
Tool radius compensation...................................................................................................................... 188
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Contents
6 Programming: Programming contours........................................................................................ 191
6.1 Tool movements................................................................................................................................... 192
Path functions........................................................................................................................................ 192
FK free contour programming................................................................................................................192
Miscellaneous functions M....................................................................................................................192
Subprograms and program section repeats.......................................................................................... 193
Programming with Q parameters.......................................................................................................... 193
6.2 Fundamentals of Path Functions........................................................................................................194
Programming tool movements for workpiece machining......................................................................194
6.3 Approaching and departing a contour...............................................................................................198
Overview: Types of paths for contour approach and departure.............................................................198
Important positions for approach and departure....................................................................................199
Approaching on a straight line with tangential connection: APPR LT.................................................... 201
Approaching on a straight line perpendicular to the first contour point: APPR LN................................ 201
Approaching on a circular path with tangential connection: APPR CT...................................................202
Approaching on a circular path with tangential connection from a straight line to the contour: APPR
LCT......................................................................................................................................................... 203
Departing in a straight line with tangential connection: DEP LT........................................................... 204
Departing in a straight line perpendicular to the last contour point: DEP LN........................................ 204
Departing on a circular path with tangential connection: DEP CT.........................................................205
Departing on a circular arc tangentially connecting the contour and a straight line: DEP LCT...............205
6.4 Path contours - Cartesian coordinates...............................................................................................206
Overview of path functions................................................................................................................... 206
Straight line L.........................................................................................................................................207
Inserting a chamfer between two straight lines....................................................................................208
Corner rounding RND.............................................................................................................................209
24
Circle center CC..................................................................................................................................... 210
Circular path C around circle center CC................................................................................................ 211
Circle CR with defined radius................................................................................................................ 212
Circle CT with tangential connection.....................................................................................................214
Example: Linear movements and chamfers with Cartesian coordinates............................................... 215
Example: Circular movements with Cartesian coordinates................................................................... 216
Example: Full circle with Cartesian coordinates.................................................................................... 217
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6.5 Path contours – Polar coordinates..................................................................................................... 218
Overview................................................................................................................................................ 218
Zero point for polar coordinates: pole CC..............................................................................................219
Straight line LP.......................................................................................................................................219
Circular path CP around pole CC........................................................................................................... 220
Circle CTP with tangential connection...................................................................................................220
Helix........................................................................................................................................................221
Example: Linear movement with polar coordinates.............................................................................. 223
Example: Helix........................................................................................................................................224
6.6 Path contours – FK free contour programming................................................................................ 225
Fundamentals......................................................................................................................................... 225
FK programming graphics...................................................................................................................... 227
Initiating the FK dialog........................................................................................................................... 229
Pole for FK programming....................................................................................................................... 229
Free straight line programming..............................................................................................................230
Free circular path programming............................................................................................................. 231
Input options.......................................................................................................................................... 232
Auxiliary points....................................................................................................................................... 235
Relative data...........................................................................................................................................236
Example: FK programming 1................................................................................................................. 238
Example: FK programming 2................................................................................................................. 239
Example: FK programming 3................................................................................................................. 240
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Contents
7 Programming: Data transfer from DXF files or plain-language contours................................. 243
7.1 Processing DXF Files (Software Option)........................................................................................... 244
Application.............................................................................................................................................. 244
Opening a DXF file.................................................................................................................................245
Working with the DXF converter...........................................................................................................245
Basic settings.........................................................................................................................................246
Setting layers..........................................................................................................................................248
Defining the datum................................................................................................................................ 249
Selecting and saving a contour..............................................................................................................251
Selecting and saving machining positions............................................................................................. 255
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8 Programming: Subprograms and program section repeats...................................................... 261
8.1 Labeling Subprograms and Program Section Repeats.................................................................... 262
Label....................................................................................................................................................... 262
8.2 Subprograms........................................................................................................................................ 263
Operating sequence...............................................................................................................................263
Programming notes................................................................................................................................263
Programming a subprogram...................................................................................................................263
Calling a subprogram............................................................................................................................. 264
8.3 Program-section repeats..................................................................................................................... 265
Label LBL............................................................................................................................................... 265
Operating sequence...............................................................................................................................265
Programming notes................................................................................................................................265
Programming a program section repeat................................................................................................ 265
Calling a program section repeat...........................................................................................................266
8.4 Any desired program as subprogram................................................................................................ 267
Operating sequence...............................................................................................................................267
Programming notes................................................................................................................................267
Calling any program as a subprogram................................................................................................... 268
8.5 Nesting.................................................................................................................................................. 269
Types of nesting.....................................................................................................................................269
Nesting depth.........................................................................................................................................269
Subprogram within a subprogram......................................................................................................... 270
Repeating program section repeats.......................................................................................................271
Repeating a subprogram........................................................................................................................272
8.6 Programming examples.......................................................................................................................273
Example: Milling a contour in several infeeds.......................................................................................273
Example: Groups of holes..................................................................................................................... 274
Example: Group of holes with several tools..........................................................................................275
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Contents
9 Programming: Q Parameters.........................................................................................................277
9.1 Principle and overview of functions.................................................................................................. 278
Programming notes................................................................................................................................279
Calling Q parameter functions............................................................................................................... 280
9.2 Part families—Q parameters in place of numerical values.............................................................. 281
Application.............................................................................................................................................. 281
9.3 Describing contours with mathematical functions.......................................................................... 282
Application.............................................................................................................................................. 282
Overview................................................................................................................................................ 282
Programming fundamental operations...................................................................................................283
9.4 Angle functions (trigonometry)..........................................................................................................284
Definitions...............................................................................................................................................284
Programming trigonometric functions................................................................................................... 284
9.5 Calculation of circles............................................................................................................................285
Application.............................................................................................................................................. 285
9.6 If-then decisions with Q parameters................................................................................................. 286
Application.............................................................................................................................................. 286
Unconditional jumps...............................................................................................................................286
Programming if-then decisions.............................................................................................................. 286
Abbreviations used:................................................................................................................................287
9.7 Checking and changing Q parameters...............................................................................................288
Procedure............................................................................................................................................... 288
9.8 Additional functions.............................................................................................................................290
Overview................................................................................................................................................ 290
FN 14: ERROR: Displaying error messages...........................................................................................291
FN 16: F-PRINT: Output of formatted texts and Q parameter values.....................................................295
FN 18: SYS-DATUM READ: Reading system data................................................................................. 299
FN 19: PLC: Transfer values to PLC...................................................................................................... 308
FN 20: WAIT FOR: NC and PLC synchronization.................................................................................. 308
FN 29: PLC: Transfer values to the PLC................................................................................................310
FN 37: EXPORT......................................................................................................................................310
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9.9 Accessing tables with SQL commands............................................................................................. 311
Introduction.............................................................................................................................................311
A transaction.......................................................................................................................................... 312
Programming SQL commands...............................................................................................................314
Overview of the soft keys..................................................................................................................... 314
SQL BIND...............................................................................................................................................315
SQL SELECT.......................................................................................................................................... 316
SQL FETCH............................................................................................................................................ 318
SQL UPDATE..........................................................................................................................................319
SQL INSERT...........................................................................................................................................319
SQL COMMIT........................................................................................................................................ 320
SQL ROLLBACK..................................................................................................................................... 320
9.10 Entering formulas directly...................................................................................................................321
Entering formulas...................................................................................................................................321
Rules for formulas..................................................................................................................................323
Programming example........................................................................................................................... 324
9.11 String parameters................................................................................................................................ 325
String processing functions................................................................................................................... 325
Assigning string parameters.................................................................................................................. 326
Chain-linking string parameters..............................................................................................................326
Converting a numerical value to a string parameter..............................................................................327
Copying a substring from a string parameter........................................................................................328
Converting a string parameter to a numerical value..............................................................................329
Checking a string parameter..................................................................................................................330
Finding the length of a string parameter...............................................................................................331
Comparing alphabetic sequence............................................................................................................332
Reading machine parameters.................................................................................................................333
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Contents
9.12 Preassigned Q parameters.................................................................................................................. 336
Values from the PLC: Q100 to Q107.....................................................................................................336
Active tool radius: Q108.........................................................................................................................336
Tool axis: Q109.......................................................................................................................................336
Spindle status: Q110.............................................................................................................................. 337
Coolant on/off: Q111...............................................................................................................................337
Overlap factor: Q112.............................................................................................................................. 337
Unit of measurement for dimensions in the program: Q113.................................................................337
Tool length: Q114................................................................................................................................... 337
Coordinates after probing during program run.......................................................................................338
Deviation between actual value and nominal value during automatic tool measurement with the TT
130..........................................................................................................................................................338
Tilting the working plane with mathematical angles: rotary axis coordinates calculated by the TNC.....338
Measurement results from touch probe cycles (see also User’s Manual for Cycle Programming)........339
9.13 Programming examples.......................................................................................................................341
Example: Ellipse..................................................................................................................................... 341
Example: Concave cylinder machined with spherical cutter..................................................................343
Example: Convex sphere machined with end mill.................................................................................345
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