Xylem handylab pH LF 12 User Manual

Operating manual

RCL

STO

Tref25

nLF

handylab pH/LF 12

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pH/Conductivity Pocket Meter

Cond 330i/340i

Accuracy when

going to press

Warranty We guarantee the instrument described for 3 years from the date of

The use of advanced technology and the high quality standard of our instruments are the result of continuous development. This may result in differences between this operating manual and your instrument. Also, we cannot guarantee that there are absolutely no errors in this manual. Therefore, we are sure you will understand that we cannot accept any legal claims resulting from the data, figures or descriptions.

purchase. The instrument warranty covers manufacturing faults that are discovered within the warranty period. The warranty does not cover components that are replaced during maintenance work, e.g. batteries.

The warranty claim extends to restoring the instrument to readiness for use but not, however, to any further claim for damages. Improper handling or unauthorized opening of the instrument invalidates any warranty claim.

Reproduction in whole - or even in part - is prohibited without the express written permission of SI Analytics GmbH, Mainz. Printed in Germany.

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handylab pH/LF 12 List of contents

handylab pH/LF 12 - List of contents

1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

1.1 General features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

1.2 Keypad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

1.3 Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

1.4 Jack field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

1.5 Operating structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

1.6 Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

2 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

2.1 Authorized use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

2.2 General safety instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

3 Commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

3.1 Scope of delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

3.2 Initial commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

4 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

4.1 Switching on the measuring instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

4.2 pH value / ORP voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

4.2.1 General information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

4.2.2 Measuring the pH value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

4.2.3 Measuring the ORP voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

4.3 pH calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

4.3.1 AutoCal TEC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

4.3.2 AutoCal DIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

4.3.3 ConCal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

4.4 Conductivity/Salinity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

4.4.1 General information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

4.4.2 Measuring the conductivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

4.4.3 Measuring the salinity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

4.4.4 AutoRead AR (drift control) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

4.4.5 Determining the cell constant (Calibration in the

control standard) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

4.4.6 Setting the temperature compensation . . . . . . . . . . . 42

4.5 Calibration intervals (Int 3, Int 5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

4.6 Saving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

4.6.1 Saving manually . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

4.6.2 Switching on AutoStore (Int 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

4.6.3 Outputting the data storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

4.6.4 Clearing the memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

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List of contents handylab pH/LF 12

4.7 Transmitting data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

4.7.1 Data transmission interval (Int 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

4.7.2 PC/external printer (RS232 interface) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

4.7.3 Remote control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

4.8 Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

4.9 Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

5 Maintenance, cleaning, disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

5.1 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

5.2 Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

5.3 Disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

6 What to do if... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

6.1 pH system messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

6.2 Conductivity system messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

6.3 General errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

7 Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

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handylab pH/LF 12 Overview

RCL

STO

Tref25

nLF

1 Overview

1.1 General features

This compact precision handheld meter enables you to carry out pH / ORP measurements and conductivity measurements rapidly and reliably. The handheld meter provides the maximum degree of operating comfort, reliability and measuring certainty for all applications.

The proven MultiCal

calibration procedures or the proven procedure for adjusting or setting the cell constant and the special AutoRead function support you in your work with the handheld meter.

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1 Keypad

2 Sample display

3 Jack field

Overview handylab pH/LF 12

CAL

STO

RUN/ENTER

RCL

STO

CAL

RCL

RUN/ENTER

1.2 Keypad

Key functions

Select the measured variable <M>: – pH value / ORP voltage

– Conductivity / salinity

Save a measured value

<STO>

Switch measuring instrument on/off

Calibrate the currently set measured variable

<CAL>

Display/transmit measured values

<RCL>

Activate/deactivate the AutoRead function

<AR>

Select the measuring mode, increase values, scroll <▲ >

Select the measuring mode, decrease values, scroll <▼ >

Confirm entries, start AutoRead

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handylab pH/LF 12 Overview

Sal

mg/l

mbar

TDS

Time

Baud

Day.Month No.

Ident

Year

LoBat

UpH

RCL

Auto

Store

ARng

AutoCal DIN AutoCal TEC

Lin

Tref25

Tref20

nLF

Cal

mV/pH

Sal

Status display

Meas. value display

Function and temperature display

Probe symbol

1.3 Display

1.4 Jack field

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1 Conductivity measuring cell

2 pH electrode

3 pH temperature probe

4 Plug-in power supply (optional)

5 Serial interface RS 232

Overview handylab pH/LF 12

1.5 Operating structure

The following overview diagram shows which keys you have to press to select between the different measuring modes:

Note

When connecting a conductivity measuring cell with temperature probe, the measuring instrument recognizes the probe and automatically switches to the last selected conductivity measuring mode. As soon as the probe is disconnected, the instrument switches to the pH or ORP measuring mode.

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handylab pH/LF 12 Overview

1.6 Technical data

Dimensions

and weight

Mechanical

structure

Electrical

safety

Test certificates

Ambient

conditions

Length [mm] 172

Width [mm] 80

Height [mm] 37

Weight [kg] approx. 0.3

Type of protection IP 66

Protective class III

cETLus, CE

Storage - 25 °C ... + 65 °C

Operation -10 °C ... + 55 °C

Relative atmospheric

annual average < 90 %

humidity

pH/ORP measur-

ing ranges

Precision of

pH/ORP

(± 1 digit)

pH correction

function

Measuring range Resolution

pH - 2.00 ... + 19.99 0.01

U [mV] - 1999 ... + 1999 1

T [°C] - 5.0 ... + 105.0 0.1

pH (after calibration) ± 0.01

U [mV] ± 1

T [°C] ± 0.1

Temperature input

Manually [°C] - 20 ... + 130

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Overview handylab pH/LF 12

Measuring ranges

of conductivity

ӕ [µS/cm] 0 ... 1999 1

Measuring range Resolution

Precision of

conductivity (± 1

digit)

ӕ [mS/cm] 0.00 ... 19.99

0.0 ... 199.9 0 ... 500

SAL 0.0 ... 70.0 accord-

0.01

0.1 1

0.1

ing to the IOT table

T [°C] − 5.0 ... + 105.0 0.1

ӕ Nonlinear compensation :

Precision Sample temperature ± 0.5 % 0 °C ... 35 °C

according to EN 27 888;

± 0.5 % 35 °C ... 50 °C

extended nLF function

Linear compensation Accuracy Sample temperature ± 0.5 % 10 °C ... 75 °C (The accuracy percentage always refers to the measured value.)

SAL Range 0.0 ... 42.0

Accuracy Sample temperature ± 0.1 5 °C ... 25 °C ± 0.2 25 °C ... 30 °C

Cell constant,

calibrating

Reference

temperature of

conductivity

T [°C] ± 0.1

C [cm-1] 0.450 ... 0.500

Tref Can be set to 20 °C or 25 °C

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handylab pH/LF 12 Overview

Serial

interface

Power

supply

Automatic switchover if a PC or printer is connected.

Type RS232, data output

Baud rate Selectable 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600 baud

Data bits 8

Stop bit 2

Parity None

Handshake RTS/CTS + Xon/Xoff

Cable length Max. 15 m

Batteries 4 x 1.5 V alkali-manganese batteries, Type

Operational life approx. 3000 operating hours

Mains FRIWO FW7555M/09, 15.1432.500-00

Friwo Part. No. 1883259 Input: 100 ... 240 V ~ / 50 ... 60 Hz / 400 mA Output: 9 V = / 1.5 A Connection max. overvoltage category II Primary plugs contained in the scope of delivery: Euro, US, UK and Australian.

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Overview handylab pH/LF 12

FCC Class A Equipment Statement

Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.

Applicable

guidelines and

norms

EMC EC guideline 2004/108/EC

EN 61326-1 EN 61000-3-2 EN 61000-3-3 FCC Class A

Instrument safety EC guideline 2006/95/EC

EN 61010-1 ANSI/UL 61010-1 CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 61010-1

Climatic class VDI/VDE 3540

Type of protection EN 60529

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handylab pH/LF 12 Safety

2Safety

This operating manual contains basic instructions that you must follow during the commissioning, operation and maintenance of the measuring instrument. Consequently, all responsible personnel must read this operating manual before working with the measuring system. The operating manual must always be available within the vicinity of the measuring system.

Target group The measuring instrument was developed for work in the field and in the lab-

oratory. We assume that, as a result of their professional training and experience, the operators will know the necessary safety precautions to take when handling chemicals.

Safety instructions The individual chapters of this operating manual use the following safety la-

bels to indicate various types of danger:

Warning

indicates instructions that must be followed precisely in order to avoid the possibility of slight injuries or damage to the instrument or the environment.

Further notes

Note

indicates notes that draw your attention to special features.

Note

indicates cross-references to other documents, e.g. operating manuals.

2.1 Authorized use

The authorized use of the measuring instrument consists exclusively of the pH and ORP measurement or the measurement of the conductivity and salinity in the field and laboratory.

The technical specifications as given in section 1.6 T observed. Only the operation and running of the measuring instrument according to the instructions given in this operating manual is authorized. Any other use is considered to be unauthorized.

ECHNICAL DATA must be

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Safety handylab pH/LF 12

2.2 General safety instructions

This instrument is built and inspected according to the relevant guidelines and norms for electronic measuring instruments (see section 1.6 T

DATA).

It left the factory in a safe and secure technical condition.

ECHNICAL

Function and oper-

ating safety

The smooth functioning and operational safety of the measuring instrument can only be guaranteed if the generally applicable safety measures and the specific safety instructions in this operating manual are followed during operation.

The smooth functioning and operational safety of the measuring instrument can only be guaranteed under the environmental conditions that are specified in chapter 6 W

HAT TO DO IF....

If the instrument was transported from a cold environment to a warm environment, the formation of condensate can lead to the faulty functioning of the instrument. In this event, wait until the temperature of the instrument reaches room temperature before putting the instrument back into operation.

Safe operation If safe operation is no longer possible, the instrument must be taken out of

service and secured against inadvertent operation! Safe operation is no longer possible if the measuring instrument:

z has been damaged in transport

z has been stored under adverse conditions for a lengthy period of time

z is visibly damaged

Obligations of the

purchaser

z no longer operates as described in this manual.

If you are in any doubt, please contact the supplier of the instrument.

The purchaser of the measuring instrument must ensure that the following laws and guidelines are observed when using dangerous substances:

z EEC directives for protective labor legislation

z National protective labor legislation

z Safety regulations

z Safety datasheets of the chemical manufacturers.

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handylab pH/LF 12 Commissioning

3 Commissioning

3.1 Scope of delivery

z handylab pH/LF 12LF 12 handheld meter

z Operating manual and short operating manual

z 4 batteries, 1.5 V Mignon type AA (in the instrument)

3.2 Initial commissioning

Perform the following activities:

z Set the date and time

z Connect the plug-in power supply (optional)

Setting the date

and time

1 Press the <M> key and hold it down.

2 Press the <ON/OFF> key.

The display test appears briefly on the display.

3 Press the <RUN/ENTER> key repeatedly until the date ap-

pears on the display.

4 Set the date of the current day with <▲> <▼>.

5 Confirm with <RUN/ENTER>.

The date (month) flashes in the display.

6 Set the current month with <▲> <▼>.

7 Confirm with <RUN/ENTER>.

The year appears on the display.

8 Set the current year with <▲> <▼>.

9 Confirm with <RUN/ENTER>.

The hours flash on the display.

10 Set the current time with <▲> <▼>.

11 Confirm with <RUN/ENTER>.

The minutes flash on the display.

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12 Set the current time with <▲> <▼>.

13 Confirm with <RUN/ENTER>.

The instrument switches to a measuring mode.

Commissioning handylab pH/LF 12

Connecting the

original

plug-in power sup-

ply unit

You can either operate the measuring instrument with batteries or with the plug-in power supply. The plug-in power supply supplies the measuring instrument with low voltage (12 VDC). This saves the batteries.

Warning

The line voltage at the operating site must lie within the input voltage range of the original plug-in power supply (see section 1.6 T

ECHNICAL DATA).

Warning

Use original plug-in power supplies only (see section 1.6 T

ECHNICAL DATA).

1 Plug the jack (1) into the socket (2) of the measuring instru-

ment.

2 Connect the original SI Analytics plug-in power supply (3) to an

easily accessible mains socket.

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handylab pH/LF 12 Operation

4 Operation

4.1 Switching on the measuring instrument

1 Press the <ON/OFF> key.

The display test appears briefly on the display. After this, the measuring instrument automatically switches to the measuring mode.

Measuring mode

when switching on

Connected sensor Measuring mode

No sensor or pH/ORP electrode pH or ORP measurement (de-

pending on the last setting)

Conductivity measuring cell Last selected measuring mode

2 sensors Last selected measuring mode

Note

The measuring instrument has an energy saving feature to avoid unnecessary battery depletion. The energy saving feature switches the measuring instrument off if no key has been pressed for an hour.

The energy saving feature is not active

z if the power is supplied by the plug-in power supply,

z if the AutoStore function is active,

z if the communication cable and a PC with a running communication pro-

gram are connected,

z if the printer cable is connected (for external printers).

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Operation handylab pH/LF 12

4.2 pH value / ORP voltage

4.2.1 General information

Preparatory

activities

Perform the following preparatory activities when you want to measure:

1 Connect the pH electrode to the measuring instrument.

If necessary, press the <M> key repeatedly until the status dis- play pH (pH measurement) or U (measurement of the ORP voltage) appears.

2 Adjust the temperature of the buffer solutions or test solutions,

or measure the current temperature, if you measure without a temperature probe.

3 Calibrate or check the measuring instrument with the elec-

trode.

4 Using <▲ > <▼>, toggle between the pH or mV measuring

modes.

Note

Incorrect calibration of pH electrodes leads to incorrect measured values. Calibrate regularly before measuring. You can only connect electrodes of the NTC30 type or without temperature probe.

Warning

When connecting an earthed PC/printer, measurements cannot be performed in earthed media as incorrect values would result. The RS232 interface is not galvanically isolated.

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handylab pH/LF 12 Operation

Temperature

measurement in

pH measurements

You can perform pH measurements with or without a temperature probe as well as with the temperature probe of a conductivity measuring cell. The measuring instrument recognizes which sensors are connected and automatically switches to the correct mode for the temperature measurement.

The following cases are distinguishable.

Temperature probe Display Mode

pH Cond

yes - TP Automatic with

pH temperature probe

yes yes TP

- - Manual

-yesTP flashes

The temperature value of the 2nd sensor (Cond) in the same test sample is used for the pH measurement*

* If you do not wish that, you can:

– either disconnect the 2nd sensor and use the manual temperature input

– use an electrode with a temperature probe.

If a temperature probe is connected, it is indicated on the display by TP.

Note

When calibrating without a temperature probe (no TP display indicator displayed), enter the current temperature of the respective buffer solution manually using the <▲> <▼> keys while keeping the <RUN/ENTER> key depressed.

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Operation handylab pH/LF 12

Tref20

Lin

Cal

SalOU

mg/l

mV/pH

Sal

AutoCal DIN

Tref25 nLF

AutoCal TEC

RCL

Auto

Store

LoBat

ARng

Time

Baud

Day.Month No.

Ident

Year

mbar

TDS

4.2.2 Measuring the pH value

1 Perform the preparatory activities according to section 4.2.1.

2 Immerse the pH electrode in the test sample.

3 Press the <▲> <▼> keys until pH appears in the status display.

The pH value appears on the display.

AutoRead AR

(drift control)

4 When measuring without a connected temperature probe:

Options: z Determine the current temperature using a thermometer

and, while keeping the <RUN/ENTER> key depressed, enter this temperature value with <▲> <▼>.

z TP display indicator not displayed, socket for the second

probe is free: Connect the second probe (Cond) and immerse it in the same test sample. TP flashes, the temperature is automatically measured using the second probe.

The AutoRead function (drift control) checks the stability of the measurement signal. The stability has a considerable impact on the reproducibility of the measured values.

For identical measurement conditions, the following criteria apply:

Reproducibility Response time

Better than 0.02 > 30 seconds

1 Call up the pH measuring mode with <M> and <▲> <▼> .

2 Activate the AutoRead function with <AR>.

The current measured value is frozen (hold function).

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handylab pH/LF 12 Operation

3 Start AutoRead with <RUN/ENTER>.

AR flashes until a stable measured value is reached. This measured value is transmitted to the interface.

4 If necessary, start the next AutoRead measurement with

<RUN/ENTER>.

5 To terminate the AutoRead function: Press the <AR> key.

Note

The current AutoRead measurement can be terminated at any time (accepting the current value) by pressing <RUN/ENTER>.

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Operation handylab pH/LF 12

/pH

Tref20

Cal

TDS

SalO

mg/l

Sal

AutoCal DIN

Lin

Tref25 nLF

AutoCal TEC

RCL

Auto

Store

LoBat

ARng

Time

Baud

Day.Month No.

Ident

Year

mbar

4.2.3 Measuring the ORP voltage

In conjunction with an ORP electrode, e.g. BlueLine 31Rx, the measuring instrument can measure the ORP voltage (mV) of a solution.

1 Perform the preparatory activities according to section 4.2.1.

2 Submerse the ORP electrode in the sample.

3 Press the <▲> <▼> keys until the U status display appears.

The ORP voltage (mV) of the test sample appears on the display.

4 Wait for a stable measured value.

Note

ORP electrodes are not calibrated. However, you can check ORP electrodes using a test solution.

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handylab pH/LF 12 Operation

4.3 pH calibration

Why calibrate? pH electrodes age. This changes the asymmetry (zero point) and slope of the

pH electrode. As a result, an inexact measured value is displayed. Calibration determines the current values of the asymmetry and slope of the electrode and stores them in the measuring instrument. Thus, you should calibrate at regular intervals.

When to calibrate? z After connecting another electrode

z When the sensor symbol flashes

– (after the calibration interval has expired)

– after a voltage interruption, e. g. after changing the batteries

You can select one of 3 calibration procedures:

AutoCal TEC is specially matched to the SI Analytics technical buffer solutions as a fully

automatic two-point calibration. The buffer solutions are automatically rec- ognized by the measuring instrument. Depending on the instrument setting (see section 4.8 C nominal value or the current electrode voltage in mV. The calibration can be terminated after the first buffer solution. This corresponds to a single-point calibration. When doing so, the instrument uses the Nernst slope (-59,2 mV/ pH at 25 °C) and determines the asymmetry of the electrode.

ONFIGURATION), the instrument displays the relevant buffer

AutoCal DIN is specially adapted to the permanently programmed buffer solutions in ac-

cordance with DIN 19266 as a fully automatic two-point calibration. The operating sequence of the AutoCal DIN calibration corresponds to that of the AutoCal TEC calibration. The calibration can only be terminated after the first buffer solution (single point calibration).

ConCal This function is a conventional two-point calibration using two buffer solu-

tions (pH 7.0 ± 0.5 and any other buffer solution) or a single-point calibra-

tion using any buffer solution, which is used as a high-speed method.

AutoRead When calibrating with AutoCal TEC and AutoCal DIN, the AutoRead function

is automatically activated. The current AutoRead measurement can be terminated at any time (accepting the current value) by pressing <RUN/ENTER>.

Displaying the

calibration data

Printing the

calibration

record

You can view the data of the last calibration on the display. The proceeding is described on page 53.

The calibration protocol contains the calibration data of the current calibration. You can transmit the calibration protocol to a printer via the serial interface (see page 55).

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Operation handylab pH/LF 12

CALIBRATION PROTOCOL

02.03.01 14:19 Device No.: 12345678 Calibration pH Cal time: 01.03.01 / 15:20 Cal interval: 7d AutoCal TEC Tauto Buffer 1 2.00 Buffer 2 4.01 Buffer 3 7.00 * Buffer 4 10.01 C1 184.1 mV 25.0°C C2 3.0 mV 25.0°C S1 -59.4 mV/pH ASY1 - 4 mV

Note

You can automatically print a calibration protocol after the calibration. To do so, connect a printer to the interface according to section 4.7.2 before calibrating. After a valid calibration, the record is printed.

Sample printout:

Calibration

evaluation

After the calibration, the measuring instrument automatically evaluates the calibration. The asymmetry and slope are evaluated separately. The worst evaluation appears on the display.

Display Asymmetry

[mV]

Slope [mV/pH]

-15 ... +15 -60.5 ... -58

-20 ... +20 -58 ... -57

-25 ... +25 -61 ... -60.5 or

-57 ... -56

-30 ... +30 -62 ... -61 or

-56 ... -50

Clean the electrode according to the electrode operating manual

Eliminate the error according to chapter 6 W

HAT TO DO IF...

< -30 or > 30

< -62 or > -50

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+ 56 hidden pages