Xylem H-375 User Manual
MODEL 04101
WIND MONITOR-JR
JANUARY 1998
MANUAL PN 04101-90
R. M. YOUNG COMPANY
2801 AERO PARK DRIVE, TRAVERSE CITY, MICHIGAN 49686, USA
TEL: (231) 946-3980 FAX: (231) 946-4772
Page 8
MODEL 04101
WIND MONITOR-JR
WIND SPEED SPECIFICATION SUMMARY
Range 0 to 60 m/s (130 mph), gust survival
100 m/s (220 mph)
Sensor 13 cm diameter 4-blade helicoid pro-
peller molded of polypropylene
Pitch 29.4 cm air passage per revolution
Distance Constant 2.0 m (6.6 ft.) for 63% recovery
Threshold Sensitivity 1.0 m/s (2.2 mph)
Transducer Centrally mounted stationary coil, 2K
Ohm nominal DC resistance
Transducer Output AC sine wave signal induced by
rotating magnet on propeller shaft.
40 mV p-p at 100 rpm. 4.0 V p-p
at 10,000 rpm.
Output Frequency 3 cycles per propeller revolution
(0.0980 m/s per Hz)
WIND DIRECTION (AZIMUTH) SPECIFICATION SUMMARY
GENERAL
Operating Temperature -50 to 50°C (-58 to 122 °F)
INTRODUCTION
The Wind Monitor measures horizontal wind speed and direction.
Originally developed for ocean data buoy use, it is rugged and
corrosion resistant yet accurate and light weight. The main
housing, nose cone, propeller, and other internal parts are
injection molded U.V. stabilized plastic. Both the propeller and
vertical shafts use stainless steel precision grade ball bearings.
Bearings have light contacting teflon seals and are filled with a
low torque wide temperature range grease to help exclude
contamination and moisture.
Propeller rotation produces an AC sine wave signal with frequency proportional to wind speed. This AC signal is induced in
a stationary coil by a six pole magnet mounted on the propeller
shaft. Three complete sine wave cycles are produced for each
propeller revolution.
Vane position is transmitted by a 10K ohm precision conductive
plastic potentiometer which requires a regulated excitation
voltage. With a constant voltage applied to the potentiometer, the
output signal is an analog voltage directly proportional to wind
direction angle.
The instrument mounts on standard one inch pipe, outside
diameter 34 mm (1.34"). An orientation ring is provided so the
instrument can be removed for maintenance and reinstalled
without loss of wind direction reference. Both mounting post
assembly and orientation ring are secured to the mounting pipe
by stainless steel band clamps. Electrical connections are made
in a junction box at the base. A variety of devices are available
for signal conditioning, display, and recording of wind speed and
direction.
INITIAL CHECKOUT
When the Wind Monitor is unpacked it should be checked
carefully for any signs of shipping damage. The instrument is
aligned, balanced and fully calibrated before shipment, however
it should be checked both mechanically and electrically before
installation. The vane and propeller should easily rotate 360°
without friction. Check vane balance by holding the instrument
base so the vane surface is horizontal. It should have near
neutral torque without any particular tendency to rotate. A slight
imbalance will not degrade performance.
Range 360° mechanical, 352° electrical
(8° open)
Sensor Balanced vane, 21 cm (8 in)
turning radius.
Damping Ratio 0.3
Delay Distance 0.8 m (2.6 ft) for 50% recovery
Threshold Sensitivity 1.7 m/s (3.8 mph) at 10° displacement
Transducer Precision conductive plastic poten-
tiometer, 10K ohm resistance (±20%),
1% linearity, life expectancy 50 mil-
lion revolutions, rated 1 watt at 40° C,
0 watts at 125° C
Transducer Excitation
Requirement Regulated DC voltage, 15 VDC max
Transducer Output Analog DC voltage proportional to
azimuth angle with regulated excita-
tion voltage applied across potenti-
ometer.
The potentiometer requires a stable DC excitation voltage. Do not
exceed 15 volts. When the potentiometer wiper is in the deadband
region, the output signal is “floating” and may show varying or
unpredictable values. To prevent false readings, signal conditioning electronics should clamp the signal to excitation or
reference level when this occurs. Note: Young signal condi-
tioning devices clamp the signal to excitation level. Avoid
a short circuit between the wind direction signal line and either
the excitation or reference lines. Damage to the potentiometer
may occur if a short circuit condition exists.
Before installation, connect the instrument to an indicator as
shown in the wiring diagram and check for proper wind speed
and wind direction values. Position the vane over a sheet of
paper with 30° or 45° crossmarkings to check vane alignment.
Page 1
INSTALLATION
Proper placement of the instrument is very important. Eddies from
trees, buildings, or other structures can greatly influence wind
speed and wind direction observations. To get meaningful data
for most applications locate the instrument well above or upwind
from obstructions. As a general rule, the air flow around a
structure is disturbed to twice the height of the structure upwind,
six times the height downwind, and up to twice the height of the
structure above ground. For some applications it may not be
practical or necessary to meet these requirements.
FAILURE TO PROPERLY GROUND THE
WIND MONITOR
MAY RESULT IN ERRONEOUS SIGNALS
OR TRANSDUCER DAMAGE.
Grounding the Wind Monitor is vitally important. Without proper
grounding, static electrical charge can build up during certain
atmospheric conditions and discharge through the transducers.
This discharge can cause erroneous signals or transducer
failure. To direct the discharge away from the transducers, the
mounting post assembly is made with a special antistatic plastic.
It is very important that the mounting post be connected to a good
earth ground. There are two ways this may be accomplished.
First, the Wind Monitor may be mounted on a metal pipe which is
connected to earth ground. The mounting pipe should not be
painted where the Wind Monitor is mounted. Towers or masts
set in concrete should be connected to one or more grounding
rods. If it is difficult to ground the mounting post in this manner,
the following method should be used. Inside the junction box the
terminal labeled EARTH GROUND is internally connected to the
antistatic mounting post. This terminal should be connected to an
earth ground (refer to wiring diagram).
To calibrate for wind direction, the following method can yield vane
calibration accuracies of ±5° or better if carefully done. Begin by
connecting the instrument to a signal conditioning circuit which
has some method of indicating wind direction value. This may be
a display which shows wind direction values in angular degrees or
simply a voltmeter monitoring the output. On a large sheet of paper
or cardboard, carefully draw lines, pie fashion, at 45° increments.
Mark these points with degree values; 0°, 45°, 90°.... Center the
instrument mounting base at the centerpoint of the markings with
the junction box facing South (180°). Visually align the vane with
each crossmarking and observe the indicator output. If the vane
position and indicator do not agree within 5°, it may be necessary
to adjust the potentiometer coupling inside the main housing.
Details for making this adjustment appear in the MAINTENANCE,
POTENTIOMETER REPLACEMENT outline, step 7.
It is important to note that while the sensor mechanically rotates
through 360°, the wind direction signal from the signal conditioning occurs at 352°. The signal conditioning electronics must be
adjusted accordingly. For example, in a circuit where 0 to 1.000
VDC represents 0° to 360°, the output must be adjusted for 0.978
VDC when the instrument is at 352°. (352°/360° X 1.000 volts =
0.978 volts)
Wind speed calibration is determined by propeller pitch and the
output characteristics of the transducer. Calibration formulas
showing propeller rpm and frequency output vs. wind speed are
included below. Standard accuracy is +/- 0.5m/sec. For greater
accuracy, the device must be individually calibrated in comparison with a wind speed standard. Contact the factory or your
supplier to schedule a NIST (National Institute of Standards &
Technology) traceable wind tunnel calibration in our facility.
Details on checking bearing torque, which affects wind speed
and direction threshold, appear in the following section.
Initial installation is most easily done with two people; one to
adjust the instrument position and the other to observe the
indicating device. After initial installation, the instrument can be
removed and returned to its mounting without realigning the vane
since the orientation ring preserves the wind direction reference. Install the Wind Monitor following these steps:
1. MOUNT WIND MONITOR
a) Place orientation ring on mounting post. Do Not tighten
band clamp yet.
b) Place Wind Monitor on mounting post. Do Not tighten
band clamp yet.
2. CONNECT SENSOR CABLE
a) Refer to wiring diagram located at back of manual.
3. ALIGN VANE
a) Connect instrument to an indicator.
b) Choose a known wind direction reference point on the
horizon.
c) Sighting down instrument centerline, point nose cone
at reference point on horizon.
d) While holding vane in position, slowly turn base until
indicator shows proper value.
e) Tighten mounting post band clamp.
f) Engage orientation ring indexing pin in notch at
instrument base.
g) Tighten orientation ring band clamp.
CALIBRATION
CALIBRATION FORMULAS
Model 04101 Wind Monitor-JR
WIND SPEED vs PROPELLER RPM
m/s = 0.00490 x rpm
knots = 0.00952 x rpm
mph = 0.01096 x rpm
km/h = 0.01764 x rpm
WIND SPEED vs OUTPUT FREQUENCY
m/s = 0.0980 x Hz
knots = 0.1904 x Hz
mph = 0.2192 x Hz
km/h = 0.3528 x Hz
MAINTENANCE
Given proper care, the Wind Monitor should provide years of
service. The only components likely to need replacement due to
normal wear are the precision ball bearings and the wind
direction potentiometer. Only a qualified instrument technician
should perform the replacement. If service facilities are not
available, return the instrument to the company. Refer to the
drawings to become familiar with part names and locations. The
asterisk * which appears in the following outlines is a reminder
that maximum torque on all set screws is 80 oz-in.
The Wind Monitor is fully calibrated before shipment and should
require no adjustments. Recalibration may be necessary after
some maintenance operations. Periodic calibration checks are
desirable and may be necessary where the instrument is used
in programs which require auditing of sensor performance.
Page 2
POTENTIOMETER REPLACEMENT
The potentiometer has a life expectancy of fifty million revolutions. As it becomes worn, the element may begin to produce
noisy signals or become nonlinear. When signal noise or nonlinearity becomes unacceptable, replace the potentiometer. Refer
to exploded view drawing and proceed as follows:
1. REMOVE MAIN HOUSING
a) Unscrew nose cone from main housing.
b) Gently push main housing latch, visible inside front
housing.
c) While pushing latch, lift main housing up and remove it from
vertical shaft bearing rotor.
2. UNSOLDER TRANSDUCER WIRE
a) Slide junction box cover up, exposing circuit board.
b) Remove screws holding circuit board.
c) Unsolder three potentiometer wires (white, green, black),
two wind speed coil wires (red, black) and earth ground
wire (gray) from board.
3. REMOVE POTENTIOMETER
a) Loosen set screw on potentiometer coupling and
remove it from potentiometer adjust thumbwheel.
b) Loosen set screw on potentiometer adjust thumbwheel
and remove it from potentiometer shaft extension.
c) Loosen two set screws at base of transducer assembly
and remove assembly from vertical shaft.
d) Unscrew potentiometer housing from potentiometer
mounting & coil assembly.
e) Push potentiometer out of potentiometer mounting &
coil assembly by applying firm but gentle pressure on
potentiometer shaft extension. Set o-ring aside for
later use.
f) Loosen set screw on potentiometer shaft extension
and remove it from potentiometer shaft.
4. INSTALL NEW POTENTIOMETER
a) Place potentiometer shaft extension with o-ring on new
potentiometer (Gap 0.040") and tighten set screw*.
Regrease o-ring if necessary.
b) Push new potentiometer into potentiometer mounting & coil
assembly.
c) Feed potentiometer and coil wires through hole in bottom
of potentiometer housing.
d) Screw potentiometer housing onto potentiometer mounting
& coil assembly.
e) Gently pull transducer wires through bottom of
potentiometer housing to take up any slack. Apply a
small amount of silicone sealant around hole.
f) Install transducer assembly on vertical shaft allowing
0.5 mm (0.020") clearance from vertical bearing. Tighten
set screws* at bottom of transducer assembly.
g) Place potentiometer adjust thumbwheel on
potentiometer shaft extension and tighten set screw*.
h) Place potentiometer coupling on potentiometer adjust
thumbwheel. Do not tighten set screw yet.
5. RECONNECT TRANSDUCER WIRES
a) Using needle-nose pliers or a paper clip bent to form a
small hook, gently pull transducer wires through hole
in junction box.
b) Solder wires to circuit board according to wiring diagram.
Observe color code.
c) Secure circuit board in junction box using two screws
removed in step 2b. Do not overtighten.
6. REPLACE MAIN HOUSING
a) Place main housing over vertical shaft bearing rotor.
Be careful to align indexing key and channel in these
two assemblies.
b) Place main housing over vertical shaft bearing rotor
until potentiometer coupling is near top of main housing.
c) Turn potentiometer adjust thumbwheel until
potentiometer coupling is oriented to engage ridge in
top of main housing. Set screw on potentiometer
coupling should be facing the front opening.
d) With potentiometer coupling properly oriented,
continue pushing main housing onto vertical shaft
bearing rotor until main housing latch locks into position
with a “click”.
7. ALIGN VANE
a) Connect excitation voltage and signal conditioning
electronics to terminal strip according to wiring
diagram.
b) With mounting post held in position so junction box is
facing due south, orient vane to a known angular
reference. Details appear in CALIBRATION section.
c) Reach in through front of main housing and turn
potentiometer adjust thumbwheel until signal conditioning
system indicates proper value.
d) Tighten set screw* on potentiometer coupling.
8. REPLACE NOSE CONE
a) Screw nose cone into main housing firmly, using only
hand pressure. Be certain threads are properly
engaged to avoid cross-threading.
FLANGE BEARING REPLACEMENT
If anemometer bearings become noisy or wind speed threshold
increases above an acceptable level, bearings may need replacement. A rough check of anemometer bearing condition can
be performed by adding an ordinary paper clip (0.5 gm) to the tip
of a propeller blade. Turn the blade with the paper clip to the
"three o'clock" or "nine o'clock" position and gently release it.
Failure to rotate due to the weight of the paper clip indicates
anemometer bearings need replacement. Repeat this test at
different positions to check full bearing rotation. If needed,
bearings are replaced as follows.
1. REMOVE OLD BEARINGS
a) Unscrew nose cone.
b) Loosen set screw on magnet shaft collar and
remove magnet.
c) Slide propeller shaft out of nose cone assembly.
d) Remove both front and rear bearings from nose cone
assembly. Insert edge of a pocket knife under bearing
flange and lift it out.
2. INSTALL NEW BEARINGS
a) Insert new front and rear bearings into nose cone.
b) Carefully slide propeller shaft thru bearings.
c) Replace magnet on propeller shaft allowing 0.5 mm
(0.020") clearance from rear bearing.
d) Tighten set screw* on magnet shaft collar.
e) Screw nose cone into main housing until seated. Be
certain threads are properly engaged to avoid
cross-threading.
*Max set screw torque 80 oz-in
Page 3
VERTICAL SHAFT BEARING REPLACEMENT
Vertical shaft bearings are much larger than the anemometer
bearings. Ordinarily, these bearings will last about twice as long as
the anemometer bearings. Check bearing condition holding the
instrument with the vane horizontal and placing a 3 gm weight near
the aft edge of the fin. A U.S. penny weighs about 3 gm and is
convenient for this check. Failure to rotate downward indicates the
vertical bearings need replacement. Repeat this test at different
positions to check full bearing rotation.
Since this procedure is similar to POTENTIOMETER REPLACEMENT, only the major steps are listed here.
1. REMOVE MAIN HOUSING
2. UNSOLDER TRANSDUCER WIRES AND REMOVE
TRANSDUCER ASSEMBLY
Loosen set screws at base of transducer assembly and
remove entire assembly from vertical shaft.
3. REMOVE VERTICAL SHAFT BEARING ROTOR by sliding
it upward off vertical shaft.
4. REMOVE OLD VERTICAL BEARINGS AND INSTALL NEW
BEARINGS. When inserting new bearings, be careful not
to apply pressure to bearing shields.
5. REPLACE VERTICAL SHAFT BEARING ROTOR.
6. REPLACE TRANSDUCER & RECONNECT WIRES
7. REPLACE MAIN HOUSING
8. ALIGN VANE
9. REPLACE NOSE CONE
WARRANTY
This product is warranted to be free of defects in materials and construction for a period of 12 months from date of initial purchase. Liability is limited to repair or replacement of defective item. A copy of the
warranty policy may be obtained from R. M. Young Company.
Declaration of Conformity
Application of Council Directives:
89/336/EEC
Standards to which Conformity is Declared:
EN 50082-1 (IEC 801-2, 3, 4)
Manufacturer's Name and Address:
R. M. Young Company
Traverse City, MI, 49686, USA
Importer's Name and Address:
See Shipper or Invoice
Type of Equipment:
Meteorological Instruments
Model Number / Year of Manufacture:
04101/1996
I, the undersigned, hereby declare that the equipment
specified conforms to the above Directives and Standards.
Date / Place:
Traverse City, Michigan, USA February 19, 1996
David Poinsett
R & D Manager, R. M. Young Company
CE COMPLIANCE
This product has been tested and shown to comply with European CE
requirements for the EMC Directive. Please note that shielded cable
must be used.
Page 4
Loading...