Ivoclar Vivadent IPS Eris for E2 User Manual

Eris for E2

Instructions for Use

IPS

2

Table of Contents

3 IPS Empress 2 / IPS Eris for E2 layering technique

4 IPS Empress System – The original. Combination at a glance

6 Colour coding of the IPS Empress System

9 Composition

10 Description of the Kits
10 IPS Empress 2/IPS Eris for E2 Layering Technique Kits
12 IPS Eris for E2 Impulse Kit
12 IPS Eris for E2 Bleach Kit
13 IPS Empress Universal Shade Kits
14 IPS Empress Universal Stains Kit
15 IPS Empress 2 Investment Material
15 IPS Empress 2 Speed Investment Material
16 IPS Empress Die Material Kit
16 IPS Empress Accessories Kit
17 CEM Kit – Professional Set
17 CEM Kit – Esthetic Cementation System

18 Liquids for the IPS Empress 2 / IPS Eris for E2 layering technique

19 Shade determination, die shade selection, and ingot selection

20 IPS Empress 2 preparation guidelines and minimum requirements

21 Processing IPS Empress 2 / IPS Eris for E2 layering technique
21 Fabricating the model
21 Applying the spacer
22 Correct dimensions of the bridge connectors using IPS Connector
23 Correct framework thickness / layering material
25 Contouring
26 Sprueing the wax-pattern
29 Investing
30 Preheating
31 Calibration
32 Press parameters for the EP500 / EP600
32 Pressing
33 Divesting
35 Removing the pressed object / finishing
36 IPS Empress die material – control die
37 IPS Eris for E2 wash firing
38 IPS Eris for E2 dentin, incisal, and Impulse material firing
40 Glaze and stain firing with IPS Empress Universal Shades/Stains and glaze
41 Corrective firing after glazing (add-on firing)
43 Etching
43 Cementation

44 IPS Empress 2/IPS Eris for E2 layering technique – Preheating, press and firing parameters
44 220 V
45 110 V

46 Materials combination table IPS Empress 2/IPS Eris for E2 layering technique

47 IPS Empress System – The original

3

Empress 2 / Eris for E2

Layering Technique

IPS

IPS

Processing principle – easy and
efficient

Model the restoration in wax and invest.
After preheating the investment ring, the
ceramic material is pressed into the invest­ment ring in the EP500 / EP600 press fur­nace. After divesting the pressed objects,
complete the restorations according to the
aesthetic and anatomic requirements using
the IPS Eris for E2 layering technique.

Material

Framework material – IPS Empress 2
lithium disilicate glass-ceramic

The tried-and-tested material is a lithium
disilicate glass-ceramic, which permits the
fabrication of bridge restoration for the
anterior and premolar regions due to its
enhanced stability. This lithium disilicate
glass-ceramic demonstrates very dense cross­linking of the lithium disilicate crystals. With
a more than 60 % vol. crystalline phase, the
material demonstrates a higher crystal
content than leucite glass-ceramics. The
flexural strength, chemical resistance, and
fracture resistance are clearly higher than
those of leucite glass-ceramic.

Layering material –
IPS Eris for E2 apatite glass-ceramic

It was our objective to develop a glass­ceramic material with optimized handling
properties, processing tolerance, and optical
characteristics by using apatite crystals,
which satisfies the requirements of users.
Apatite is a component of natural teeth,
influences the translucency, brightness and
light scattering ability. The IPS Eris for E2
Dentin, Incisal, Impulse, and Transparent
materials enable the fabrication of
restorations that blend in with the natural
environment.

Indication

Indication for the IPS Empress 2 /
IPS Eris for E2 layering technique

– Anterior and posterior crowns
– Three-unit bridges with one pontic and up

to the 2nd premolar as the abutment
tooth

Contraindication

– Bridges with more than one pontic
– Bridges in the molar region
– Inlay-retained bridges
–Very deep subgingival preparations
– Patients with substantial reduced residual

dentition

– Bruxism

Important processing
restrictions

The following restrictions must be observed,
to ensure success of the IPS Empress 2 /
IPS Eris for E2 layering technique.
– Obsere the required framework dimensions

(see page 23)

– Do not mix IPS Empress and IPS Empress 2

layering materials

– Do not mix metal-ceramic systems (e.g.

IPS d.SIGN)

– Do not mix powder material with materials

in paste form

– Do not apply IPS Empress Universal

Shade/Stains during layering (e.g. between
unfired dentin and incisal materials)

– Mixing of existing IPS Empress Shades/

Stains or IPS Empress 2 Stains with the
new Universal Shades/ Stains

– Mixing of existing IPS Empress Glaze and

IPS Empress 2 Glaze with the new
Universal Glaze

Side effects

If patients are known to be allergic to any
of the components in the materials,
IPS Empress 2 / IPS Eris for E2 should
not be used.

Empress System – The original. Combin

IPS

4

Empress

Layering Technique

IPS

Inlay, onlay, veneers, crowns

Technique

Indication

Investing

Pressing

Accessories

Staining and
glazing

Cementation

IPS Empress 2 Special Investment Material

IPS Empress 2 Speed Investment Material

IPS Empress Universal Shades / IPS Empress U

CEM Kit Esthetic Cementation Sy

IPS Empress Accessories /

IPS Empress Special Investment

Material for the Layering Technique

EP500 / EP600

Veneers, anterior crowns

Empress

Staining Technique

IPS

5

stem / CEM Kit Professional Set

IPS Empress Die Material

/ EP600 Combi

IPS Empress 2 Special Investment Material

IPS Empress 2 Speed Investment Material

Crowns, three-unit-bridges

Empress 2

Layering Technique

IPS

Empress 2

Layering Technique

IPS

Empress 2 /

Eris for E2

Layering Technique

IPS

IPS

6

IPS

Colour coding of the Empress System

In order to ensure clear differentiation of the
various materials of the IPS Empress System,
the products are now equipped with the
following labels and colour codes.

IPS Empress staining technique

All the IPS Empress staining technique
products feature light-blue labels.

Labels for products, such as the IPS Empress ingots for the staining technique, the IPS Empress Correction
powder, and IPS Empress Add-On 770°C/1418°F feature a black bar as a neutral colour designation.

Labels for products that demonstrate higher opacity feature a salmon-coloured bar, e.g. IPS Empress ingots
for the layering technique, IPS Empress layering technique dentin materials, and IPS Empress layering
technique Mamelon materials.

Labels for products that demonstrate higher translucency feature a blue bar, e.g. IPS Empress layering
technique incisal materials and IPS Empress layering technique transparent materials.

IPS Empress layering technique

All the IPS Empress layering
technique products feature light-blue
labels, which are distinguished by the
following colour codes:

7

IPS Empress 2 / IPS Eris for E2
layering technique

All the IPS Empress 2 / IPS Eris for E2 layering
technique products feature yellow labels, i.e.
these products are coordinated with each
other. The IPS Eris for E2 layering material
containers are equipped with yellow lids.

Labels for products, such as IPS Empress 2 ingots, IPS Empress 2 add-on material, IPS Eris for E2 add-on material, and IPS Eris
for E2 build-up liquid, feature a black bar as a neutral colour designation.

Labels for products that
demonstrate higher opacity
feature a salmon-coloured bar,
e.g. IPS Empress 2 Dentin and
Mamelon materials, IPS Eris
for E2 Dentin and Mamelon
materials.

Labels for products that
demonstrate higher
translucency feature a blue bar,
e.g. IPS Empress 2 Incisal
or Transparent materials, and
IPS Eris for E2 Incisal or
Transparent materials.

The product lines may vary from country to country.

8

Universally applicable
IPS Empress products

Universally applicable products of the
IPS Empress System, such as IPS Empress
Universal Shades/Stains and Glaze and
IPS Empress die materials, feature a
yellow/light-blue label. These products
may be used for
– IPS Empress staining technique
– IPS Empress layering technique
– IPS Empress 2 layering technique
and for the IPS Empress 2/IPS Eris for E2
layering technique.

To make distinction easier, the containers of
Universal Shades/Stains/Glaze and the
IPS Empress Universal Glaze and Stain liquid
are equipped with yellow lids.

The IPS Empress Universal
Shade labels feature a
salmon-coloured bar to
indicate the coordination
with the dentin materials.

Labels for IPS Empress
Universal Stains, IPS Empress
Universal Glaze Paste,
IPS Empress Universal Glaze
and Stain Liquid, and the
IPS Empress Die materials
have a black bar as a neutral
colour designation.

9

Composition

Ceramic materials for the IPS Empress 2 / IPS Eris for E2
layering technique contain the following main
components::

– IPS Empress 2 Ingots

SiO2> 60 % wt.
Additional components: K2O, Al2O3, ZnO, Li2O, MgO,
La2O3, CeO2, P2O5and pigments

– IPS Eris for E2 Layering Materials

SiO2> 60 % wt.
Additional components: K2O, Al2O3, CaO, Na2O, P2O5,
Li2O, MgO, ZnO, ZrO2, CeO2, F and pigments

– IPS Eris for E2 Add-On materials

SiO2> 60 % wt.
Additional components: K2O, Li2O, MgO, ZnO, ZrO2,
CeO

2

– IPS Empress Universal Shades/Stains

also contain approx. 30 % wt. glycol

– IPS Eris for E2 Build-Up Liquid, 60 ml

Components: water, butandiol-chloride solution

– IPS Empress Universal Glaze and Stain Liquid, 15 ml

Components: 100 % wt. butandiol

– IPS Empress Die Material

Components: polyester urethane dimethacrylate:
48–50 % wt.
paraffin oil: 4 % wt., SiO2and copolymer 47–50 % wt.

– IPS Empress Die Material Isolating Liquid, 60 ml

Components: wax dissolved in > 95 % wt. hexane

– IPS Empress 2 Special Investment Material Liquid, 1000 ml

Components: 30 % wt. colloidal silicic acid in water

– IPS Empress 2 Special Investment Material Powder

Components: SiO2(quartz powder) 80 % wt.; MgO and
NH4H2PO420 % wt.

– IPS Empress 2 Speed Investment Material Liquid, 1000 ml

Components: 30 % wt. colloidal silicic acid in water

– IPS Empress 2 Speed Investment Powder

Components: SiO2(quartz powder) 80 % wt.; MgO and
NH4H2PO420 % wt.

– IPS Empress 2 Invex

Components: hydrofluoric acid: < 1 % wt. and and sul­phuric acid: < 2 % wt. in water

10

Description of the Kits

IPS Empress 2 / IPS Eris for E2 Layering Technique Kits

IPS Empress 2 Ingots for the Layering Technique

Pre-pressed, vacuum-fired
ingots for the IPS Empress 2 /
IPS Eris for E2 layering
technique provide the base
shades for the Chromascop,
A–D and Bleach shades.

IPS Eris for E2 Transparent

These shaded transparent
materials are available in four
shades.

IPS Connector

IPS Connectors are pre­fabricated plastic forms in six
different shapes. They are
used for modelling three-unit
IPS Empress 2 bridges and
ensure accurate dimensions
for the connectors between
the bridge pontic and the
bridge abutment.

IPS Eris for E2 Dentin

The apatite glass-ceramic
material is distinguished for
its lifelike appearance.
Apatite is also a component
of natural teeth and sup­ports the light optical pro­perties, such as translucency,
brightness, and light
scattering.

IPS Eris for E2 Incisal

The incisal materials are
available in three different
shades. They are coordinated
with the Chromascop and
the A–D shade guides.

IPS Empress 2 / IPS Eris for E2 Basic Kit Chromascop

IPS Empress 2 / IPS Eris for E2 Basic Kit A–D

IPS Empress Universal Glaze
IPS Empress Universal Glaze and Stain liquid

Glazing of all restorations
fabricated using the
IPS Empress Staining
Technique, IPS Empress
Layering Technique and
IPS Empress 2 / IPS Eris for E2
Layering Technique

11

Delivery form

IPS Empress 2 / IPS Eris for E2
Layering Technique Basic Kit

–5 vials of IPS Empress 2 Ingots for the

layering technique; 10 ingots per vial
Shades: 100, 200, 300, 400, 500

–5 vials of IPS Empress 2 L Ingots for the

layering technique; 5 ingots per vial
Shades: 100, 200, 300, 400, 500

– 10 IPS Eris for E2 Dentin materials, 20 g

each; Shades: 130, 140, 210, 220, 230,
310, 410, 420, 430, 510

–3 IPS Eris for E2 Incisal materials; 20 g each

Shades: S1, S2, S3

–4 IPS Eris for E2 Transparent materials;

20 g each; Shades: neutral, blue, grey,

yellow-grey
–1 IPS Eris for E2 Add-on material, 20 g
–1 IPS Eris for E2 Build-up liquid
–1 IPS Empress Universal Glaze Paste, 3 g
–1 IPS Empress Universal Glaze and Stain

liquid, 15 ml
–1 IPS Connector, 3 connector
–1 IPS Eris for E2 Dentin material

shade guide
–1 IPS Eris for E2 Incisal/Transparent material

shade guide
–1 Chromascop shade guide

IPS Empress 2 / IPS Eris for E2
Layering Technique Basic Kit A-D

–5 vials of IPS Empress 2 Ingots for the

layering technique; 10 ingots per vial
Shades: 100, 200, 300, 400, 500

–5 vials of IPS Empress 2 L Ingots for the

layering technique; 5 ingots per vial
Shades: 100, 200, 300, 400, 500

–8 IPS Eris for E2 Dentin materials, 20 g

each; Shades: A2, A3, A3.5, B2, B3, C3,
D2, D3

–3 IPS Eris for E2 Incisal materials; 20 g each

Shades: S1, S2, S3

–4 IPS Eris for E2 Transparent materials;

20 g each; Shades: neutral, blue, grey,

yellow-grey
–1 IPS Eris for E2 Add-on material, 20 g
–1 IPS Eris for E2 Build-up liquid
–1 IPS Empress Universal Glaze Paste, 3 g
–1 IPS Empress Universal Glaze and Stain

liquid, 15 ml
–1 IPS Connector, 3 connector
–1 IPS Eris for E2 Dentin material

shade guide
–1 IPS Eris for E2 Incisal/Transparent material

shade guide

12

IPS Eris for E2 Impulse Kit

This assortment, a full range
of occlusal dentin, mamelon
and opal effect materials is
used for achieving individua­lized characterizations.

Delivery form

IPS Eris for E2 Impulse Kit

–2 IPS Eris for E2 Occlusal Dentin materials, 20 g each

Shades: orange, yellow

–2 IPS Eris for E2 Mamelon materials, 20 g each

Shades: MM1, MM2
–1 IPS Eris for E2 Brightener, 20 g
–1 IPS Eris for E2 Pink, 20 g
–5 IPS Eris for E2 Effect materials, 20 g each

Shades: Effect 1, Effect 2, Effect 3, Effect 4, Effect 5
–1 IPS Eris for E2 Impulse material shade guide

IPS Eris for E2 Bleach Kit

Four ultra-light bleach
shades supplement the
Chromascop shade range.

Delivery form

IPS Eris for E2 Bleach Kit

–1 vial of IPS Empress 2 ingots 050 (10 each)
–1 vials of IPS Empress 2 ingots L 050 (5 each)
–4 IPS Eris for E2 Dentin materials, 20 g each;

Shade 010, 020, 030, 040
–1 IPS Eris for E2 Incisial material, 20 g
–1 Chromascop Bleach shade guide

13

IPS Empress Universal Shade Kits

IPS Empress
Universal Shade

These dentin stains in
paste form enable the
reproduction of all the
Chromascop and A–D
shades.

Delivery form

IPS Empress Universal Shade Kit

–1 IPS Empress Universal Shade, 3 g, 110/120
–1 IPS Empress Universal Shade, 3 g, 130
–1 IPS Empress Universal Shade, 3 g, 140/210
–1 IPS Empress Universal Shade, 3 g, 220/230
–1 IPS Empress Universal Shade, 3 g, 240
–1 IPS Empress Universal Shade, 3 g, 310
–1 IPS Empress Universal Shade, 3 g, 320
–1 IPS Empress Universal Shade, 3 g, 330
–1 IPS Empress Universal Shade, 3 g, 340
–1 IPS Empress Universal Shade, 3 g, 410/420
–1 IPS Empress Universal Shade, 3 g, 430/440
–1 IPS Empress Universal Shade, 3 g, 510
–1 IPS Empress Universal Shade, 3 g, 520
–1 IPS Empress Universal Shade, 3 g, 530
–1 IPS Empress Universal Shade, 3 g, 540
–1 IPS Empress Universal Glaze, 3 g
–1 IPS Empress Universal Glaze and Stain Liquid, 15 ml

IPS Empress Universal Shade Kit A-D

–1 IPS Empress Universal Shade, 3 g, A1
–1 IPS Empress Universal Shade, 3 g, A2/A3/A3.5
–1 IPS Empress Universal Shade, 3 g, A4
–1 IPS Empress Universal Shade, 3 g, B1
–1 IPS Empress Universal Shade, 3 g, B2/B3/B4
–1 IPS Empress Universal Shade, 3 g, C1/C2
–1 IPS Empress Universal Shade, 3 g, C3/C4
–1 IPS Empress Universal Shade, 3 g, D2/D3
–1 IPS Empress Universal Shade, 3 g, D4
–1 IPS Empress Universal Glaze, 3 g
–1 IPS Empress Universal Glaze and Stain Liquid, 15 ml

Make sure that the IPS Empress Universal
Shades and Stains are not mixed with powder
materials. Also, they must not be applied
during layering, i.e. between unfired dentin
and incisal materials.

14

IPS Empress Universal Stains Kit

IPS Empress
Universal Stains

These intensive stains are available in
14 different shades. They are used to
reproduce natural characteristics and are
suitable for all the ceramic materials of
the IPS Empress System. With the three
primary colours basic blue, basic red, and
basic yellow, custom shades may be
developed.

Delivery form

IPS Empress Universal Stains Kit

–1 IPS Empress Universal Stains, 1 g, white
–1 IPS Empress Universal Stains, 1 g, mahogany
–1 IPS Empress Universal Stains, 1 g, khaki
–1 IPS Empress Universal Stains, 1 g, orange
–1 IPS Empress Universal Stains, 1 g, grey
–1 IPS Empress Universal Stains, 1 g, vanilla
–1 IPS Empress Universal Stains, 1 g, crackliner
–1 IPS Empress Universal Stains, 1 g, olive
–1 IPS Empress Universal Stains, 1 g, yellow
–1 IPS Empress Universal Stains, 1 g, black
–1 IPS Empress Universal Stains, 1 g, maroon
–1 IPS Empress Universal Stains, 1 g, basic red
–1 IPS Empress Universal Stains, 1 g, basic blue
–1 IPS Empress Universal Stains, 1 g, basic yellow
–1 IPS Empress Universal Glaze, 3 g
–1 IPS Empress Universal Glaze and Stain liquid, 15 ml

Make sure that the IPS Empress Universal
Shades and Stains are not mixed with powder
materials. Also, they must not be applied
during layering, i.e. between unfired dentin
and incisal materials.

15

IPS Empress 2 Special Investment Material

Delivery form

IPS Empress 2 Special Investment Assortment

– 50 bags of IPS Empress 2 Special Investment material,

100 g each
–1 liter of IPS Empress 2 Special Investment liquid,
–1 pad (55 rings) of IPS Empress 2 paper rings 2 in 1
–1 IPS Empress measuring cylinder

Please refer to the Instructions for Use of the
corresponding investment material for the
relevant processing parameters. The
IPS Empress 2 investment liquids are sensitive
to freezing. The investment materials contain
quartz powder. Avoid dust inhalation.

The IPS Empress 2 Special Investment
material is an optimized phosphate-bonded
investment material for the conventional
preheating process. It ensures the fabrication
of accurately fitting inlays, onlays, veneers,
and crowns in the IPS Empress staining
technique. It is also suitable for use in the
fabrication of crowns and three-unit bridges
in the IPS Empress 2 layering technique and
root canal post build-ups in conjunction with
the IPS Empress Cosmo ingot.

IPS Empress 2 Speed Investment Material

Delivery form

IPS Empress 2 Speed Investment Assortment

– 50 bags IPS Empress Speed Investment material,

100 g each
–1 liter IPS Empress 2 Speed Investment liquid
–1 pad (55 rings) of IPS Empress 2 paper rings 2 in 1
–1 IPS Empress measuring cylinder

The IPS Empress 2 Speed Investment
materials permits outstanding press results
within a very short time. The quick-heating
investment material ensures the fabrication
of accurately fitting inlays, onlays, veneers,
and crowns in the IPS Empress staining
technique. It is also suitable for use in the
fabrication of crowns and three-unit bridges
in the IPS Empress 2 layering technique and
root canal post build-ups in conjunction with
the IPS Empress Cosmo ingot.

16

IPS Empress Die Material Kit

The light-curing IPS Empress die material simulates the shade
of the prepared tooth. This shade represents the basis for a
true-to-nature shade reproduction of the pressed IPS Empress
restorations.

Delivery form

IPS Empress Die Material Kit

–1 syringe IPS Empress Die material, 8 g, ST1
–1 syringe IPS Empress Die material, 8 g, ST2
–1 syringe IPS Empress Die material, 8 g, ST3
–1 syringe IPS Empress Die material, 8 g, ST5
–1 syringe IPS Empress Die material, 8 g, ST8
–1 syringe IPS Empress Die material, 8 g, ST9
–1 pack IPS Empress Die holders, 10 holders
–1 IPS Empress Die material separating liquid, 20 ml
–1 set IPS Empress Condenser, 10 condensers
–1 IPS Empress Die material shade guide

IPS Empress Accessories Kit

This accessories assortment contains all the
accessories necessary for the successful
fabrication of IPS Empress restorations.

Delivery form

IPS Empress Accessories Kit

–1 IPS Empress honey-combed tray with crown holders
–1 IPS Empress tweezers
–2 IPS Empress AlOx plungers
–1 IPS Empress plunger and ingot support
–1 IPS Empress firing pillow

17

CEM Kit – Professional Set

The Cem Kit has been especially developed for adhesive
cementation.

Delivery form

CEM Kit – Professional Set

The contents may vary from country to country.

The CEM Kit - Professional Set contains the
Syntac Classic dentin bonding agent.

CEM Kit – Esthetic Cementation System

The Cem Kit has been especially developed for adhesive
cementation.

Delivery form

CEM Kit – Esthetic Cementation System

The contents may vary from country to country.

The CEM Kit - Esthetic Cementation Systems
contains the Excite DSC dentin bonding
agent.

The product lines may vary from country to country.

18

IPS Eris for 2 Build-Up Liquid, 60 ml

This liquid is used to mix
the IPS Eris for E2 layering
materials. Absolutely no
other build-up liquid must
be used, since they contain
various organic additives,
which do not fire without
leaving residue at the
stipulated firing temperatures
and may thus result in
discolouration.

Components: water,
butandiol-chloride solution

IPS Empress 2 Special Investment Liquid

This liquid is exclusively used
to mix the IPS Empress 2
Special Investment material
and the IPS Empress
Investment material for the
layering technique. The
concentrated liquid must
only be mixed with distilled
water to achieve the desired
liquid concentration.

Components: 30 % wt.
colloidal silicic acid in water.

IPS Empress 2 Speed Investment Liquid

This liquid is exclusively used
to mix the IPS Empress 2
Speed Investment material.
The concentrated liquid must
only be mixed with distilled
water to achieve the desired
liquid concentration.

Components: 30 % wt.
colloidal silicic acid in water.

IPS Empress 2 Invex

The Invex liquid is used to
identify the reaction layer on
the pressed IPS Empress 2
frameworks.

Components: hydrofluoric
acid: < 1 % wt. and
sulphuric acid: < 2 % wt. in
water.

IPS Empress Universal Glaze and Stain Liquid, 15 ml

This liquid is used to adjust
the consistency of the
IPS Empress Universal
Shades, IPS Empress
Universal Stains, and
IPS Empress Universal Glaze.
Absolutely no other glazing
and staining liquid must be
used, since they contain
various organic additives that
do not fire without leaving
residue at the stipulated
firing temperatures and may
thus result in discolouration.

Components: butandiol

IPS Empress Die Material Isolating Liquid, 60 ml

This isolating liquid is
exclusively used to separate
the pressed IPS Empress
restorations during the
fabrication of the resin die.
It prevents the die material
from sticking to the ceramic
material.

Components: wax dissolved
in > 95 % wt. hexane

Liquids for the Empress 2 /

Eris for E2 layering technique

Warning

Butandiol is irritating. Avoid contact. Do not inhale

vapours.

Warning

Hexane is highly flammable and detrimental to

health. Avoid contact of the material with skin and
eyes. Do not inhale vapours. Keep away from
sources of ignition.

Disposal:

Carefully neutralize the diluted solution by adding

lime or baking soda (sodium carbonate, Na2CO3)
and letting it react for 5 minutes.After the reaction
time, pour the neutralized solution into the sink,
flushing it with running water.

IPS

IPS

19

The Chromascop shade
guide represents the shade
standard for Ivoclar Vivadent
products. With the logical
arrangement of the individual
shades, the Chromascop
permits exact and efficient
shade determination.
The 20 shades are divided
into five detachable shade
groups. Additionally, the

Chromascop shade group for
bleached teeth provides four
ultra-light shades. Once the
basic shade has been
selected, the correct shade
within the shade group can
be determined.
Consequently ignoring any
superfluous effects (e.g.
cervicals, transparent areas,
intensive discolouration in

the incisal and dentin
areas, as well as surface
characterizations) greatly
helps determine the correct
shade. The following Ivoclar
Vivadent products are
coordinated with the
Chromascop shade guide:

– IPS d.SIGN
– IPS Empress / IPS Empress 2

IPS Eris for E2

– SR Ivocron

C&B veneering resins

– SR Antaris/SR Postaris

tooth lines

–Tetric Ceram

restorative materials

Shade determination, die shade
selection, and ingot selection

Die shade selection

In order to facilitate the reproduction of the
tooth shade, dentists have the possibility of
communicating the shade of the preparation
to the dental laboratory using the
IPS Empress die material shade guide.
The corresponding shades of the ingots
are listed in the combination table.

IPS Eris for E2 layering technique shade guide

For reasons of light refraction, the new shade tabs have been given an
anatomical shape and a certain surface structure. On the reverse side, the
teeth are smooth, i.e. without any texture whatsoever, which facilitates
shade comparison with the prepared die and shaded cementation media.
The smooth side of shade tabs may be individually ground to determine the
layering. The shade tabs are fired from original materials under laboratory­type conditions. In this way, they correspond with the desired result.

20

Empress 2 preparation guidelines

and minimum requirements

IPS

Crowns

Evenly reduce the anatomical
shape and observe the
stipulated minimum
thicknesses.

Prepare a 360° shoulder with
rounded inner edges or a
chamfer with an angle of
approx. 10°–30 °. The width
of the circular shoulder/
chamfer is approx. 1 mm.

Reduce the incisal crown
third by approx. 1.5 mm.

Reduce the incisal and
occlusal areas by approx.

1.5–2 mm.

For anterior crowns, the
reduction in the labial and/or
palatal/lingual area is approx.

1.0–1.5 mm.

Bridges

Maximum pontic spans will
vary from patient to patient
depending on the tooth
position, size, condition,
and arch position of the
retainers. Pontic spans
should not exceed 9 mm
posterior to the canine and
11 mm anterior to the
canine. Measurements for
this determination are made
from the un-prepared
abutment surfaces next to
the edentulous space.

10°-30°

10°-30°

1

1

1,5

1,5

2

2

1.5

2

1,5

1,5

1,0

1,0

Occlusal Force

Maximum

Pontic Span

11 mm

Anterior

Maximum

Pontic Span

9 mm

Posterior to

Canine

21

Processing procedure Empress 2 /

Eris for E2 layering technique

IPS

IPS

Die stone type IV

Fabricating the model

Fabricate a type IV die stone model with detachable
segments according to the impression.

Applying the spacer

It is advisable to apply a sealer to harden the surface and to
protect the die.
The application of a sealer must not cause any changes in
the dimensions of the die.

a) For single crowns, apply two layer of spacer up to

maximum 1 mm from the preparation margin (layer
thickness of spacer: 9–11 µm).

b)Bridge restorations also require two layers of spacer. Apply

an additional layer of spacer to the intercoronal surfaces of
the abutments (the area facing the pontic). This measure
helps prevent undesired friction.

The spacer is applied to maximum 1 mm from the preparation margin.

Schematic of the space layer.

Crown

22

Correct dimensions of bridge connectors
using IPS Connector

IPS Connectors are prefabricated anatomically-shaped plastic
aides in six different shapes manufactured according to the
idea of Klaus F. Ernst, M.D.T. Stuttgart (Germany). They are
used in the contouring of three-unit IPS Empress 2 bridges
and ensure the adequate size of the connector between the
pontic and the bridge abutment.
The IPS Connectors C1–C6 have been designed in such a
way that dental professionals automatically achieve the
correct connector dimensions.

1. Select the IPS Connector recommended for the region for
which the fabricated bridge is intended and remove it
from the harness.

2.Once the bridge abutment has been modelled with wax,
attach the selected IPS Connectors to the connector area
between the pontic and the bridge abutment.

3.After that, complete modelling the full wax-up and secure
it with a silicone key.

4.The modelled bridge is now reduced in a targeted fashion.
In other words, the area that will be built-up using
layering material after the press cycle has to be carefully
reduced so that the framework thickness measures at least

0.8 mm (see page 23).

5.The plastic Connector ensures that the minimum
connector thickness between the pontic and the bridge
abutment is automatically observed during the reduction
process.

The following basic rule applies:

Areas of application

IPS Connector Recommended area of

application

Mandibular anterior region

Mandibular canine region +
Maxillary anterior region

Mandibular canine region +
Maxillary anterior region

Mandibular and maxillary
canine and premolar regions

Mandibular and maxillary
premolar region

Mandibular and maxillary
premolar region

The connector area between the bridge abutment
and the pontic should measure at least 16 mm

2

.
Ideally, a connector area of 4 x 4 mm is established,
depending on the given situation and available
space.

If the linguovestibular portion of the connector area has been reduced, the portion from the incisal to the
cervical has to be enlarged..

Dimensions of the bridge connector: min. 4 x 4 mm

Observe the dimensions required for the connector

C1

C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

23

Please remember that the framework material
represents the most stable component of your

restoration and has to be given the corresponding
attention. Since the translucency of the framework material
is similar to that of natural teeth, the aesthetic appearance
will not be compromised. In large preparations, the excess in
available space must be compensated by the design of the
framework and not by the layering material.

In anterior bridges, it is not always possible to
establish a connector area of 4 x 4 mm with regard

to the linguovestibular region. In these cases, the
linguovestibular portion of the connector area may be
reduced to 3 mm, if, at the same time, the portion from the
incisal to the cervical is increased to 5–6 mm.

If only limited space is available, non-aesthetic areas (e.g.
palatal, lingual or occlusal surfaces) do not necessarily have
to be covered with layering material. In such cases, the
corresponding areas of the framework are designed in their
fully anatomical shape. The physical properties and the
abrasion values of the framework material permit users to
use this technique without reservation.

Reference guide for determining the adequate
proportion of the framework to the layering material
thickness

In order to achieve the best possible surface stability by
creating ample compressive strength, it is imperative both to
observe the working parameters and to design adequate
IPS Empress 2 frameworks. The table below clearly shows
that the fundamental objective is to make the framework
thicker than the overlaying layering material. The framework
must be as substantial as possible, with the layering material

representing the aesthetic component of the restoration.
The incisal portion of natural teeth is 1.5 mm on average.
Likewise, highly aesthetic restorative results can be achieved
by applying the IPS Empress 2 framework material and
IPS Eris for E2 layering materials in a overall thickness of

1.5 mm. Keep the required ratio between the framework
and layer thickness in mind when fabricating the framework.

The following guidelines apply: The framework must be
thicker than the layer thickness of the layering material. The
minimum wall thickness of the framework is 0.8 mm. The
table below serves as a reference guide:

Ratio of framework thickness to layering material thickness

Clearance framework-layering material in mm

Layer thickness in mm

Framework thickness in mm

1.5

0.7

1.8

0.8

2.0

0.9

2.2

1.0

2.4

1.1

2.6

1.2

2.8

1.3

3.0

1.4

3.2

1.5

3.4

1.6

3.6

1.7

3.8

1.8

4.0

1.9

4.2

2.0

4.4

2.1

4.6

2.2

4.8

2.3

5.0

2.4

5.2

2.5

0.8

1.0

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.8

1.9

2.0

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.6

2.7

2.8

2.9

If adjustments are necessary after try-in or glaze firing, a maximum layer thickness of 2.5 mm must not be exceeded.

24

If the stipulated minimum layer thicknesses and
minimum connector dimensions are not observed,
the IPS Empress 2 / IPS Eris for E2 bridges may
develop cracks, delamination, tears, and fractures.

Correct: The framework design supports the cusps. The wall thickness of the framework is at least 0.8 mm. Only this design ensures adequate stability.

Incorrect: The relationship between the framework and the total space available is not proportional.

Layering material

Minimum framework

thickness 0.8 mm

Correct!
Cusp-supporting
contouring

•

•

•

Layering material

Minimum framework thik-

kness 0.8 mm

Correct!
Cusp-supporting
contouring

•

•

•

Layering material

Incorrect!

The framework
material is too thin in
relation to the layering
material

•

•

Layering material

Incorrect!

The framework material
is too thin in relation to
the layering material

•

•

Various framework-pontic
designs in the posterior region

Various framework-pontic
designs in the anterior region

Various framework-pontic designs

25

Contouring

Framework design depending on the total space
available

Full wax-up

Fabricate a full wax-up of the restoration. Use IPS Connector
to ensure the adequate size of the connector between the
pontic and the bridge abutment.

Version a: Adequate space is available

If adequate space is available, the bucco-labial and the
palatal-lingual portion of the modelled framework is reduced
in a targeted fashion. Reduce the wax-up by the space
required for the layering material to be applied after
pressing. Observe the necessary ratio of the framework
thickness to the layering material thickness, as described on
page 23. IPS Connector ensures that the minimum connector
thickness between the pontic and the bridge abutment is
observed.

... and the palatal-lingual portion of the modelled framework is reduced

The bucco-labial ...

Use IPS Connector to ensure the adequate size of the connector between the pontic and the bridge
abutment.

Wax-up from labial.

The areas to be built up with layering material are clearly visible.

Wax-up from palatal.

26

Provide sprues in the direction of flow of the ceramic material. Pattern angled at 45–60 degrees

The attachment points of the sprue to the object and sprue former must be rounded and smooth. Avoid
sharp edges.

The dimensions of the sprues are:
Round profile, length 3 to 8 mm, Ø 2.5–3 mm /

8 gauge. When selecting the diameter of the sprue,
take the dimensions of the object into account. Select a
thinner sprue for delicate objects.

Sprueing of the object

a) Single crowns

For single crowns, depending on the size and volume of the
wax pattern, attach an axial sprue in the direction of flow of
the ceramic material (see page 27).
Use round wax profile Ø 2.5–3 mm / 8 gauge; length 3 to
max. 8 mm.

b) Bridges

For three unit bridges, attach a 2.5 to 3 mm round profile
axial wax sprue directly to the abutment teeth at an approx.
45 to 60° angle.

For extremely delicate wax patterns (e.g. lower incisors), an
additional axial sprue may be attached to the pontic to
enhance the stability of the investment material.

Version b: Only limited space is available
(reduced layering technique)

If only limited space is available, only the buccal and incisal
portion of the modelled framework is reduced in a targeted
fashion. The palatal-lingual portion should be pressed in its
full anatomic shape.
Reduce the wax-up by the space required for the layering
material to be applied after pressing. Observe the necessary
ratio of the framework thickness to the layering material
thickness, as described on page 23. IPS Connector ensures
that the minimum connector thickness between the pontic
and the bridge abutment is observed.

c) Wax-pattern sprue attachment

– Pattern angled at 45–60 degrees
– The distance between paper ring and object must be at

least 10 mm

– All sprue attachments are flared and smooth

The palatal-lingual portion should be pressed in its full anatomic shape.

Only the buccal and incisal portion of the modelled framework is reduced

The areas to be built up with layering material are clearly visible.

27

Direct the sprues towards the wax pattern (imagine continuation of wax pattern).

The sprue and object together should not be longer than 15 mm. Observe an angle of 45–60°.

Place the sprues in the direction of flow of the ceramic material.

Correct sprueing:

28

The distance between the objects to be pressed and the paper ring/ring gauge must be at
least 10 mm. This applies to all the above schematics.

Observe a distance of at least 3 mm between the

individual objects.

Observe a distance of at least 10 mm between the paper
ring and the objects to be pressed.

Remove excess separating material.

Consider the direction of low of the ceramic material when
positioning the sprues. For small objects invest a phantom
sprue together.

Ring gauge

If the crown is viewed from the proximal, the longer side of the object (usually the buccal surface) points outwards.Additionally, the flow of the ceramic material must be observed.

The attachment points of the sprues must be rounded. Observe an angle of 45 to 60 °.

at least 10 mm

at least 10 mm

29

Set the paper ring on the base of the investment ring and check for correct fit. Use the ring stabilizer to
stabilize the paper ring.

Mix IPS Empress 2 Special Investment material or IPS Empress 2 Speed Investment material under vacuum,
according to the manufacturer's instructions. Check the vacuum. Please refer to the instructions
accompanying the IPS Empress 2 Special Investment material or IPS Empress 2 Speed Investment material
for the accurate mixing ratio.

Fill the paper ring up to slightly below the stabilizing ring.

Warning:
The investment material contains quartz powder. Avoid the
inhalation of dust.

– Large investment ring:

Up to max. 1.3 g wax weight requires one large ingot

– Small investment ring:

Up to max. 0.5 g wax weight requires one small ingot

Remove the protective tape from the 2-in-1 IPS Empress Paper Ring. Form a cylinder exactly along the
marked line and press the two ends together.

Investing

Investing is carried out with the IPS Empress 2 Special
Investment material or IPS Empress 2 Speed Investment
material. We recommend the following procedure to
determine the accurate wax weight:

1. Weigh the ring base (seal the opening of the ring base with
wax).

2. Position the objects to be pressed on the ring base and
attach them with wax. Weigh again.

3. The difference between the two values is the weight of the
wax used.

Please refer to the Instructions for Use for the IPS Empress 2
Special Investment material or IPS Empress 2 Speed
Investment material for the working parameters in
conjunction with the staining technique and the
IPS Empress 2 layering technique.

Do not use a debubblizer.

Please observe the Instructions for Use of the
IPS Empress 2 Special Investment material or IPS Empress 2
Speed Investment material.

Note: The IPS Empress 2 Special Investment material and
the IPS Empress 2 Speed Investment material must not
be used with the IPS Empress layering technique (press
temperature 1180 °C/2156 °F).

Observe the stipulated mixing time.

Check the correct fit of the paper ring around the ring base and
the ring gauge.

30

After the setting time (see IPS Empress 2 Special Investment material or IPS Empress 2 Speed Investment
material Instructions for Use), remove the ring gauge and ring base with a turning movement. Remove the
paper ring. Remove rough sport on the bottom surface of the investment ring with a plaster knife. Check the
90° angle.

Observe a 90° angle.

If several investment rings are preheated simultaneously, mark them, either with wax on the ring base
before investing or with a fireproof pen after investing.

Check the correct fit of the paper ring around the ring
base and the ring gauge.

Investment material residue must not enter the

sprues. Blow into the sprues if necessary.

The ingot support and AlOx plunger are placed in the cold furnace.

Remove the stabilizing ring and slowly place the ring gauge on the investment ring with a hinged
movement.

Switch on the preheating furnace in time.

Preheating

IPS Empress 2 Speed Investment material:

When placing the investment rings in the preheating furnace,
make sure that the furnace temperature does not drop
substantially.
The ingot support and AlOx plunger are placed in the cold
furnace, while the investment ring is only placed in the
furnace once the final temperature has been reached.

IPS Empress 2 Special Investment Material:

Investment ring, ingot support and AlOx plunger are placed
in the cold furnace.

Parameters

Preheat the investment ring, including the AlOx plunger, but

without the ingot, in a conventional preheating furnace.

Please refer to the Instructions for Use for the IPS Empress 2
Special Investment material or the IPS Empress 2 Speed
Investment material.

31

Carefully remove investment material and ceramic
residue from the AlOx plunger after each use.
Always keep the marked side of the AlOx plunger
upwards.

Clean and calibrate the burnout furnace (follow the
manufacturer instructions).

If desired, preheating in conjunction with the IPS Empress 2
Special Investment materials (but not in conjunction with
the IPS Empress 2 Speed Investment material) may be per­formed overnight. Since the investment material may be
subject to crystallization, however, preheating over the
weekend should avoided.

Do not burnout/preheat together with other casting objects (e.g. soldering models,metal casting rings, etc.).
Oxides may settle on the objects.

EP500

1.Switch on the EP500 and allow the furnace heat up to the
stand-by-temperature of 700 °C/1292 °F. hold this
temperature for at least 20 minutes.

2.Select the program for the staining technique T=1075 °C/
1967 °F. Run the program with the furnace empty. After
activation of the holding time H=20 min., which the EP500
does automatically, interrupt the program after 15 minutes
(set timer) by pressing the STOP key twice.
If you fail to interrupt the program, the ER16 error messa­ge appears. Rectify this error by following the instructions
given on the corresponding list of error messages. allow
the furnace to cool until the stand-by-temperature of
700 °C/1292 °F has been reached with the furnace head
closed. Hold this temperature for at least 30 minutes.

3.Place the calibration set on the honey-combed firing tray in
order to ensure the appropriate height (temperature range)
in the furnace.

4.Conduct the calibration using the Temperature Checking
Set 2.

EP600

1. Place the melting sample in the ceramic base.

2. Tighten the contact pin to secure the melting sample.

Important:

Do not use tweezers or tongs. Apply slight
pressure to secure the melting sample in place.

3. Select the calibration program in the 'Miscellaneous'
menu. The furnace head opens.

4. Remove the firing plate from the furnace and place it on
the cooling plate using the firing tongs.

5. Place the calibration tray in the holes for the Automatic
Te mperature Checking Set ATK 1 in the stone lining.

6.Slightly press the calibration tray into place with the firing
tongs until it you feel it click into place.

7. Start the calibration program.

8. Once the program is completed, remove the calibration
tray from the furnace using the tongs and allow it cool.

Contraindication:

Do not pull at the melting sample. The ceramic base
may fracture when you do so.

9.Replace the firing tray and select the firing program. The
furnace head closes automatically.

10.Once it is cooled, disassemble the calibration tray.

11.Use a new melting sample for the calibration procedure
and start with item 1.

Calibration

If the furnace is used for the first time, carry out a test
pressing cycle with the enclosed trial press set before the
first pressing cycle.

The assortment contains a trial press set with two wax
objects and an IPS Empress 2 ingot for the layering
technique for a trial pressing cycle. Invest one of the test
objects according to the Instructions for Use. Use a large
ring base for this purpose. Calibrate the EP500 furnace with
the Temperature Checking Set 2, and the EP600 furnace
with the Automatic Temperature Checking Set 1 as follows:

Calibrate your furnace regularly. Please refer to the
corresponding Instructions for Use of either the

Temperature Checking Set 2 for the EP500 or the
Automatic Temperature Checking Set for the EP600 for
information about the furnace calibration procedure.

32

Pressing

Press parameters for the EP500 / EP600

Placing the ingots

Switch on the press furnace in time

Leave the ingot tray support in the preheating
furnace and allow it to cool slowly after you have
removed the last AlOx plunger.

Remove the investment ring from the burnout/preheating furnace immediately after completion of the
preheating cycle. Place the corresponding cold ingots for the layering technique (large or small) in the
investment ring (small ingot for single crowns; large ingot for several crowns or bridges).

Next, position the AlOx plunger.

Large investment ring

Single restorations: Maximum 1 large ingot or

1 small ingot

Bridges: Maximum 1 large ingot

Small investment ring

Maximum 1 small ingot per
pressing cycle

Do not used 2 small ingots

Parameters to press large investment rings (200 g) –
EP500

Parameter to press small investment rings (100 g) –
EP500

An IPS Empress 2 single restoration is invested in a 100 g ring. A holding time of 15 min.is sufficient.

No postpressing time!

P

11
11

B

700 °C

1292 °F

t

60 °C

108 °F

T

920 °C

1688 °F

H

20
20

V

1

500 °C
932 °F

V

2

920 °C

1688 °F

Pressure

5 bar
5 bar

N

–
–

→

P

12
12

B

700 °C

1292

t

60 °C

108 °F

T

920 °C

1688 °F

H

15
15

V

1

500 °C
932 °F

V

2

920 °C
1688 °F

Pressure

5 bar
5 bar

N

–

→

Remove the investment ring from burnout/preheating
furnace. Place the corresponding cold ingot for the
IPS Empress 2 layering technique that matches the desired
tooth shade (refer to the material combination table for
further details) into the ring.

Pressing EP600

Select the program for the IPS Empress 2 layering technique by pressing F3

... and than select large or small ring.

33

Divesting

(After approx. 60 minutes)
After cooling, the investment ring may show cracks. These
cracks developed (immediately around the AlOx plunger)
during cooling as a result of the different CTEs of the various
materials (AlOx plunger, investment material, and pressed
materials). They do not compromise the result of the pressing
cycle.

Select the program for the IPS Empress 2 layering technique. Set the exact press parameters. Place the
investment ring with ingot and the AlOx plunger at the center of the EP500/EP600 press furnace. Close the
furnace head. Activate the selected program by pressing START.

Check the vacuum

The press cycle runs automatically.An acoustic signal indicates the end of the press cycle.

Remove the investment ring from the furnace
immediately after the program is completed and

close the furnace. Place the investment ring on a
wide-meshed grid (IPS Empress cooling rack) and allow to
cool to room temperature. The grid ensures quick and even
cooling of the investment ring and prevents undesired heat
accumulation.

Mark the length of the AlOx plunger on the cooled investment ring.

Separate the investment ring using a separating disk. This predetermined breaking point enables reliable
separation of the AlOx plunger and the ceramic material.

Break the investment ring at the predetermined breaking point using a plaster knife.

34

For fine divestment, only 2 bar (30 psi) pressure is applied.

When divesting the object, blast from the direction indicated in the schematic at the top.

Press result after pressing at too low a temperature.

If the object is pressed at too high a temperature, a substantial reaction layer forms that is
difficult to remove. If the reaction layer is not completely removed, the bond to the layering
material is impaired.

If the temperature of the furnace has been set correctly, the pressed objects exhibit only a
thin reaction layer that can be easily removed, following the directions given below.

Rough divestment is carried out with polishing jet medium (Ivoclar Vivadent) at 4 bar (60 psi) pressure.

35

Subsequently, identify the reaction layer from the pressed object using the Invex liquid in the ultrasonic unit
for 10–30 minutes (place the object in a plastic cup). Next, thoroughly rinse the object with running
water and blow it dry. Carefully remove the (white) reaction layer with Special Jet Medium
(Al

2O3

= Type 100 microns) at 1 bar (15 psi) pressure.

Warnings:

– The Invex liquid contains < 1 % hydrofluoric acid.
– Invex liquid is harmful when inhaled, swallowed, and

when in contact with the skin. Furthermore, it is
corrosive.

– Keep the container tightly sealed and store it in a well-

ventilated place (acid cabinet).

– If the material comes into contact with the eyes,

immediately rinse with copious amounts of water and
see a physician immediately.

– If the material comes into contact with the skin,

immediately clear with soap and copious amounts of
water.

– Use suitable protective clothing, gloves, and goggles

when working.

– In case of an accident or physical discomfort, see a

physician immediately (bring the Invex label, if possible).

Always use glass beads (Ivoclar Vivadent) to divest

ceramic restorations (rough and fine divestment).

Removal of the r

eaction layer: Identify the reaction layer
with Invex liquid from the pressed IPS Empress 2 frame­works. Immerse the object in Invex liquid for max. 30 min.
Thoroughly rinse the object with water and blast
it with Al

2O3

(Type 100 microns) at 1 bar (15 psi) pressure.

Make sure to remove the reaction layer completely from all
inner surfaces and all external surfaces (repeat this
procedure as necessary).

If the reaction layer is not completely removed, bubbles
may form, which subsequently may lead to bonding
problems and cracks in the layering ceramic.

Replace the Invex liquid after 20 applications or after
sedimentation of the liquid.

Excessive grinding results in local overheating of
the ceramic framework and may lead to microcrack
formation.

Therefore, keep grinding to a minimum.

Do not press the anatomical wax-up and subsequently redu­ce by grinding.

Make sure that a material thickness of at least

0.8 mm is maintained throughout the object.
Never prepare any area that is less than 0.8 mm
thick.

Avoid excessive heat development during grinding to
prevent microcracks from occurring. Therefore, provide
ample water cooling during removal of the sprues (use a
sponge, as depicted above).

It is strongly advised that rotary instruments not be used to
clean the framework. Only blast with Al

2O3

(Type 100
microns), using light pressure (1 bar/15 psi). If, however,
grinding must be done, i.e. contact areas, margins, etc., only
fine diamonds at low speed with light pressure and water­cooling should be used.

Do not 'post-separate' the framework with separating disks.
This may result in undesired predetermined breaking points,
which will subsequently compromise the stability of the all­ceramic restoration.

Use a fine diamond disk to cut the sprues. Guide the diamond disk through a wet sponge during cutting to
ensure permanent wetting of the area to be ground. In this way, overheating of the ceramic framework is
avoided. Use ceramic burs to process the attachment points of the sprues.

Avoid the inhalation of grinding dust.

Removing the pressed object / finishing

Disposal:
Carefully neutralize the diluted solution by adding
lime or baking soda (sodium carbonate, Na

2CO3

)
and letting it react for 5 minutes.After the reaction time,
pour the neutralized solution into the sink, flushing it with
running water.

36

Always work with water cooling to avoid
overheating of isolated areas.

Fit the framework to the die

Remove the spacer prior to fitting the pressed object to the
die. Be careful when fitting the object. In case of interfering
irregularities, cover the die with a thin layer of a suitable
control paste. Then, fit the object on the die again. Carefully
remove interfering irregularities with a fine diamond. Use
finishing diamonds or fine emery disk, to adjust the margins,
if necessary.

IPS Empress Die Material

Control die

Fabricate a die according to the shade information supplied
by the dentist (shade selection), using the IPS Empress Die
Material Kit. This die enhances the shading of the
restorations.

The IPS Empress Die Material is used to enhance the shading of the restoration.

Coat the inner surfaces of the ceramic object with IPS Empress Die Material Isolating Liquid.

Apply the corresponding Die Material to the inner surface of the restoration, using the IPS Empress Die
Material Condenser.

Insert a die holder into the material. Here, a premolar is shown.

The Die Material is cured with a light-polymerization device
(e.g. Targis Power).

37

No material must be layered on unfired
IPS Empress Universal Shade (paste), since this
would result in the IPS Eris for E2 layering ceramic
to delaminate.

Some blasting machines may require different
pressure settings to accomplish this procedure.

IPS Eris for E2 foundation firing

Carefully blast the ceramic framework with Al2O3,Type
100 microns (Special Jet Medium, Ivoclar Vivadent) at 1 bar
(15 psi) pressure prior to the foundation firing. Clean with
steam and dry with oil-free air. Avoid any contamination from
this time onwards. Depending on the clinical situation and
available space, the foundation firing can be conducted in two
different ways.

Version a: Powder

If sufficient space is available, conduct the foundation firing
using the desired dentin shade (IPS Eris for E2 powder).
IPS Eris for E2 Build-Up Liquid of IPS Empress Universal Glaze
and Stain Liquid must be used for mixing. Apply a thin
uniform layer on the entire framework.

Version b. Paste

If space is limited or to increase the chroma from the depth,
IPS Empress Universal Shades can be used for the foundation
firing. Thin the desired IPS Empress Universal Shade (paste)
with the IPS Empress Universal Glaze and Stain Liquid to the
desired consistency. After that, apply a thin uniform layer on
the entire framework (even with the reduced layering
technique).

Select an individual firing program and set the correct firing
parameters and/or check them. Only use the IPS Empress
honey-combed tray and firing pins provided with the system.

Do not use silicon nitride support pins.

Applying the foundation.

The same procedure is used …

Premolar framework after firing.

... for bridges.

38

PB

403 °C
757 °F

t

60 °C

108 °F

T

755 °C

1391 °F

S

6
6

H

1
1

V

1

450 °C
842 °F

V

2

754 °C

1389 °F

L

–
–

→

PB

403 °C
757 °F

t

55 °C
99 °F

T

765 °C

1409 °F

S

6
6

H

1
1

V

1

450 °C

842 °F

V

2

764 °C

1407 °F

L

–
–

→

Round the top edges of the support pin (left) to prevent the object from sticking to the pin. Pins whose top
edges have not been rounded (right) increase the risk of objects sticking to them. Another possibility to
reduce this risk is to cover the pins with platinum foil. This method produces the same effect as the
rounding of edges.

Additionally, prevent crown margins from sticking to the pin.

Make sure that the firing trays are clean to
prevent the framework from sticking to the tray.
Use a firing pillow, if necessary.

The IPS Eris for E2 build-up liquid can be diluted
with distilled water, if necessary.

When working with a furnace from another
manufacturer, these parameters have to be
adjusted accordingly.

Do not use support pins made of ceramic.

IPS Eris for E2 layering diagram

Firing parameters for IPS Eris for E2 foundation firing
(220 V)

Firing parameters for IPS Eris for E2 foundation firing
(110 V)

IPS Eris for E2 dentin/incisal firing, and
Impulse material firing

Model the dentin and incisal materials, as well as the Impulse
materials in the usual manner, using the IPS Eris for E2 build­up liquid.

IPS Empress 2 framework: min. 0.8 mm

Dentin: cervical: 0.6 mm; incisal: 0.4 mm

Incisal cervical: 0.1 mm; incisal: 0.3 mm

Dentin layering is performed in the usual manner….

39

Firing parameters for IPS Eris for E2 dentin, incisal, and
Impulse material firing (220 V)

Occlusal view of the completed layering.

The same procedure is used for single restorations. Here,a premolar is shown.

…and completed with the incisal layering.

PB

403 °C
757 °F

t

60 °C

108 °F

T

755 °C

1391 °F

S

6
6

H

2
2

V

1

450 °C
842 °F

V

2

754 °C

1389 °F

L

–
–

→

Any additional firing cycles can be carried out
using the same firing program.

When finishing bridges, only the interproximal area of the
layering material should be separated.

Do not use separating disks to work on the high-strength
frameworks.

Important

When working with a furnace from another

manufacturer, these parameters have to be
adjusted accordingly.

PB

403 °C
757 °F

t

55 °C
99 °F

T

765 °C

1409 °F

S

6
6

H

2
2

V

1

450 °C
842 °F

V

2

764 °C

1407°F

L

–
–

→

Firing parameters for IPS Eris for E2 dentin, incisal, and
Impulse material firing (110 V)

40

The temperature for firing this crown has been set too low.The crown shows clear signs of insufficient
firing.

If the restoration exhibits a shining, true-to-nature appearance,it has been fired with all the firing
parameters set correctly.

The firing temperature for this restoration was set too high.

Examples of correct and incorrect firings

Glaze and stain firing with IPS Empress
Universal Shades/Stains, and Glaze

The IPS Empress Universal Shades/Stains, and Glaze have
been especially developed for the ceramic materials of the
IPS Empress System from Ivoclar Vivadent. They can be used
for the following techniques:
– IPS Empress staining technique
– IPS Empress layering technique
– IPS Empress 2 / IPS Eris for E2 layering technique

Stain and characterization firing

Extrude the desired IPS Empress Universal Shade/Stains from
the syringe and dilute it to the desired consistency using the
Universal Glaze and Stain Liquid and mix. There are
14 IPS Empress Universal Stains available for individualized
characterizations.

Do not mix the IPS Empress Universal Shades and
Stains in paste form with the powder materials.
Moreover, they must not be applied during

layering, i.e. between unfired dentin and incisal materials.

Applying the stains in a thin layer.

Before starting the staining procedure, make sure
the restoration is free of dirt and grease. A
roughened surface is favourable.

41

Glaze firing

Remove IPS Empress Universal Glaze from its container and
mix thoroughly. Adjust the consistency by diluting the
material with IPS Empress Universal Glaze and Stain Liquid, if
required. After that, apply the glazing material in the usual
manner using a brush. Do not to apply the Glaze material
either in too thick or too thin layers.

Corrective firing after glazing (add-on
firing)

There is a low-sintering add-on material with medium incisal
opacity for any necessary corrective firing.

More intensive shades are achieved by several
staining procedures, not by applying thicker layers.

To check the shade, wet inner and outer aspects of
the crown with IPS Empress Universal Glaze and Stain
Liquids, replace the object on the shaded die and compare
the shade with the corresponding Chromascop or A–D
shade.

Important
When working with a furnace from another
manufacturer, these parameters have to be
adjusted accordingly.

Important
When working with a furnace from another
manufacturer, these parameters have to be
adjusted accordingly.

Important
When working with a furnace from another
manufacturer, these parameters have to be
adjusted accordingly.

The IPS Empress 2 / IPS Eris for E2 layering

technique requires a glaze firing.

PB

403 °C
757 °F

t

60 °C

108 °F

T

725 °C

1337 °F

S

4
4

H

1
1

V

1

450 °C
842 °F

V

2

724 °C

1335 °F

L

–
–

→

PB

403 °C
757 °F

t

55 °C

99 °F

T

735 °C

1355 °F

S

4
4

H

1
1

V

1

450 °C
842 °F

V

2

734 °C

1353 °F

L

–
–

→

Firing parameters for IPS Empress Universal
Shade/Stains (220 V)

Firing parameters for IPS Empress Universal
Shade/Stains (110 V)

PB

403 °C
757 °F

t

60 °C

108 °F

T

725 °C

1337 °F

S

6
6

H

1–2
1–2

V

1

450 °C
842 °F

V

2

724 °C

1335 °F

L

–
–

→

PB

403 °C
757 °F

t

55 °C
99 °F

T

735 °C

1355 °F

S

6
6

H

1–2
1–2

V

1

450 °C
842 °F

V

2

734 °C
1353 °F

L

–
–

→

Firing parameters for IPS Empress Universal Glaze
(220 V)

Firing parameters for IPS Eris for E2 corrective firing
(220 V)

Firing parameters for IPS Empress Universal Glaze
(110 V)

PB

403 °C

757°F

t

60 °C

108 °F

T

700 °C

1292 °F

S

4
4

H

1
1

V

1

450 °C

842 °F

V

2

699 °C

1290 °F

L

–
–

→

PB

403 °C

757°F

t

55 °C
99 °F

T

710 °C

1310 °F

S

4
4

H

1
1

V

1

450 °C

842 °F

V

2

709 °C

1308 °F

L

–
–

Firing parameters for IPS Eris for E2 corrective firing
(110 V)

42

….restorations….

We would like to thank Mr. G. Ubassy, France, for the clinical pictures.

… aesthetic appearance.

… a true-to-nature….

… demonstrate….

IPS Empress 2 …

43

Observe the note accompanying the IPS Ceramic Etching
Gel.

Etch the internal surfaces of the IPS Empress 2

framework ceramics for 20 seconds using

IPS Ceramic Etching Gel.

Etching

Etching the internal surfaces is necessary for all IPS Empress
restorations. This procedure increases the shear bond
strength between the IPS Empress material and the
composite cement.The fracture resistance of the restoration
is also increased.

Cementation

Restorations fabricated with the IPS Empress 2 / IPS Eris
for E2 layering technique may be cemented with either
the adhesive cementation technique (Variolink II) or
conventional glass-ionomer cements.

–Cements with higher expansion rates must not be used (e.g.

hybrid ionomer cements).

– Restorations fabricated in the IPS Empress staining

technique or the IPS Empress layering technique must be
cemented using the adhesive technique.

Firing parameters for the Programat
furnace (220 V)

Firing parameters for IPS Eris for E2
Foundation firing

Firing parameters for IPS Eris for E2
Dentin, incisal, and Impulse material firing

Firing parameters IPS Empress Universal Shade/Stains

Firing parameters IPS Empress Universal Glaze

Firing parameters for IPS Eris for E2
Corrective firing (add-on material)

44

Preheating

Please observe the Instruction for Use of the IPS Empress 2
Special Investment Material or IPS Empress 2 Speed
Investment Material.

Note:

Preheat with AlOx plunger, but without ingots.

Press parameters for the EP500 / EP600

These firing parameters represent standard values
applicable to the P80, P100, and PX1 furnaces from

Ivoclar Vivadent.The temperatures indicated also
apply to furnaces of older generations, such as the P20, P90,
and P95. If one of these furnaces is used, however, the tem­peratures may deviate by ± 10 °C/18 °F, depending on the
age and type of the heating muffle.

If a non-Ivoclar Vivadent furnace is used, temperature cor­rections may be necessary.

Regional differences in the power supply or the operation
of several electronic devices by means of the same circuit
may render adjustments of the firing and press temperatu­res necessary.

The IPS Empress 2 / IPS Eris for E2 layering

technique requires a glaze firing.

Basically, the following rule applies: the longer the holding
time, the more pronounced is the lustre. If the glaze of the
ceramic surface is insufficient, a second glaze firing may be
conducted.

IPS Empress 2/IPS Eris for E2 layering technique
Preheating, pressing, and firing parameters (220 V)

Pressing in a small investment ring (100 g) – EP500

Pressing in a large investment ring (200 g) – EP500

These press parameters are mandatory for the
EP500/EP600 press furnaces.

P

11
11

B

700 °C

1292 °F

t

60 °C

108 °F

T

920 °C

1688 °F

H

20
20

V

1

500 °C
932 °F

V

2

920 °C

1688 °F

Pressure

5 bar
5 bar

N

–
–

→

P

12
12

B

700 °C

1292

t

60 °C

108 °F

T

920 °C

1688 °F

H

15
15

V

1

500 °C
932 °F

V

2

920 °C

1688 °F

Pressure

5 bar
5 bar

N

–

→

PB

403 °C
757 °F

t

60 °C

108 °F

T

755 °C

1391 °F

S

6
6

H

1
1

V

1

450 °C
842 °F

V

2

754 °C

1389 °F

L

–
–

→

PB

403 °C

757 °F

t

60 °C

108 °F

T

755 °C

1391 °F

S

6
6

H

2
2

V

1

450 °C
842 °F

V

2

754 °C

1389 °F

L

–
–

→

PB

403 °C
757 °F

t

60 °C

108 °F

T

725 °C

1337 °F

S

4
4

H

1
1

V

1

450 °C
842 °F

V

2

724 °C

1335 °F

L

–
–

→

PB

403 °C
757 °F

t

60 °C

108 °F

T

725 °C

1337 °F

S

6
6

H

1–2
1–2

V

1

450 °C
842 °F

V

2

724 °C

1335 °F

L

–
–

→

PB

403 °C

757°F

t

60 °C

108 °F

T

700 °C

1292 °F

S

4
4

H

1
1

V

1

450 °C
842 °F

V

2

699 °C

1290 °F

L

–
–

Pressing EP600

Select the program for the IPS Empress 2 layering technique by pressing F3

... and than select large or small ring.

45

The IPS Empress 2 / IPS Eris for E2 layering

technique requires a glaze firing.

Basically, the following rule applies: the longer the holding
time, the more pronounced is the lustre. If the glaze of the
ceramic surface is insufficient, a second glaze firing may be
conducted.

Firing parameters for the Programat
furnace (110 V)

Firing parameters for IPS Eris for E2
Foundation firing

Firing parameters for IPS Eris for E2
Dentin, incisal, and Impulse material firing

Firing parameters IPS Empress Universal Shade/Stains

Firing parameters IPS Empress Universal Glaze

Firing parameters for IPS Eris for E2
Corrective firing (add-on material)

Preheating

Please observe the Instruction for Use of the IPS Empress 2
Special Investment Material or IPS Empress 2 Speed
Investment Material.

Note:

Preheat with AlOx plunger, but without ingots.

Press parameters for the EP500 / EP600

These firing parameters represent standard values

applicable to the P80, P100, and PX1 furnaces from

Ivoclar Vivadent.The temperatures indicated also
apply to furnaces of older generations, such as the P20, P90,
and P95. If one of these furnaces is used, however, the tem­peratures may deviate by ± 10 °C/18 °F, depending on the
age and type of the heating muffle.

If a non-Ivoclar Vivadent furnace is used, temperature cor­rections may be necessary.

Regional differences in the power supply or the operation
of several electronic devices by means of the same circuit
may render adjustments of the firing and press temperatu­res necessary.

IPS Empress 2/IPS Eris for E2 layering technique
Preheating, pressing, and firing parameters (110 V)

Pressing in a small investment ring (100 g) – EP500

Pressing in a large investment ring (200 g) – EP500

P

11
11

B

700 °C

1292 °F

t

60 °C

108 °F

T

920 °C

1688 °F

H

20
20

V

1

500 °C
932 °F

V

2

920 °C

1688 °F

Pressure

5 bar
5 bar

N

–
–

→

P

12
12

B

700 °C

1292

t

60 °C

108 °F

T

920 °C

1688 °F

H

15
15

V

1

500 °C

932 °F

V

2

920 °C

1688 °F

Pressure

5 bar
5 bar

N

–

→

PB

403 °C
757 °F

t

55 °C
99 °F

T

765 °C

1409 °F

S

6
6

H

1
1

V

1

450 °C

842 °F

V

2

764 °C

1407 °F

L

–
–

→

PB

403 °C
757 °F

t

55 °C
99 °F

T

765 °C

1409 °F

S

6
6

H

2
2

V

1

450 °C
842 °F

V

2

764 °C
1407°F

L

–
–

→

PB

403 °C
757 °F

t

55 °C

99 °F

T

735 °C

1355 °F

S

4
4

H

1
1

V

1

450 °C
842 °F

V

2

734 °C

1353 °F

L

–
–

→

PB

403 °C

757 °F

t

55 °C
99 °F

T

735 °C

1355 °F

S

6
6

H

1–2
1–2

V

1

450 °C
842 °F

V

2

734 °C
1353 °F

L

–
–

→

PB

403 °C

757°F

t

55 °C
99 °F

T

710 °C

1310 °F

S

4
4

H

1
1

V

1

450 °C

842 °F

V

2

709 °C

1308 °F

L

–
–

These press parameters are mandatory for the
EP500/EP600 press furnaces.

Pressing EP600

Select the program for the IPS Empress 2 layering technique by pressing F3

... and than select large or small ring.

46

Materials combination table

Empress 2 / Eris for E2 layering technique

Shade Chromascop 110 120 130 140 210 220 230 240 310 320 330 340 410 420 430 440 510 520 530 540

IPS Empress 2

100 100 100 200 200 200 300 300 400 400 400 300 500 500 500 500 500 500 300 300

Layering technique ingot

Incisal S1 S1 S1 S1 S2 S2 S2 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S2 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3 S3

Die material ST 9 ST 9 ST 9 ST 9 ST 1 ST 1 ST 2 ST 2 ST 3 ST 3 ST 3 ST 3 ST 8 ST 8 ST 8 ST 8 ST 5 ST 5 ST 5 ST 5

Shade A–D A1 A2 A3 A3.5 A4 B1 B2 B3 B4 C1 C2 C3 C4 D2 D3 D4

IPS Empress 2

100 100 200 300 300 100 100 400 400 500 500 500 500 500 200 400

Layering technique ingot

Incisal S1 S1 S2 S2 S2 S1 S1 S2 S3 S2 S2 S3 S3 S2 S2 S2

Die Material ST 9 ST 9 ST 1 ST 2 ST 5 ST 9 ST 9 ST 3 ST 3 ST 9 ST 8 ST 8 ST 8 ST 8 ST 9 ST 1

IPS

IPS

These are suggested die material shades if the

dentist does not supply die material (preparation)

shade.

47

Empress System – The Original.

IPS

Dr. U.Brodbeck and Arteco Dentaltechnik, Zurich, Switzerland

Dr. U.Brodbeck and Arteco Dentaltechnik, Zurich, Switzerland

Dr. U.Brodbeck and Arteco Dentaltechnik, Zurich, Switzerland

Dr. U.Brodbeck and Arteco Dentaltechnik, Zurich, Switzerland

Dr. U.Brodbeck and Arteco Dentaltechnik, Zurich, Switzerland

Dr. U.Brodbeck and Arteco Dentaltechnik, Zurich, Switzerland

IPS Empress staining technique

IPS Empress layering technique

IPS Empress 2 layering technique

S. Kataoka, Japan

S. Kataoka, Japan

IPS Empress 2 / IPS Eris for E2 layering technique

Ivoclar Vivadent AG

Bendererstrasse 2
FL-9494 Schaan
Liechtenstein
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
www.ivoclarvivadent.com

Ivoclar Vivadent Pty. Ltd.

1 – 5 Overseas Drive
P. O. Box 367
Noble Park,Vic. 3174
Australia
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]

Ivoclar Vivadent Ltda.

Rua Maestro João Gomes de
Araújo 50; Salas 92/94
Sao Paulo, CEP 02332-020
Brasil
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]

Ivoclar Vivadent, Inc.

23 Hannover Drive
St. Catharines, Ont. L2W 1A3
Canada
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]

Ivoclar Vivadent Marketing
Ltd.

Calle 134 No. 13-83, Of. 520
Bogotá
Colombia
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]

Ivoclar Vivadent SAS

B.P. 118
F-74410 Saint-Jorioz
France
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]

Ivoclar Vivadent GmbH

Dr. Adolf-Schneider-Str. 2
D-73479 Ellwangen, Jagst
Germany
Tel. [phone] / 8 89-0
Fax [phone] / 63 26

Ivoclar Vivadent UK Limited

Meridian South
Leicester
LE3 2WY
Great Britain
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]

Ivoclar Vivadent s.r.l.

Via dell’Industria 16
I-39025 Naturno (BZ)
Italy
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]

Ivoclar Vivadent S.A. de C.V.

Av. Mazatlán No. 61, Piso 2
Col. Condesa
06170 México, D.F.
Mexico
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]

Ivoclar Vivadent Ltd

12 Omega St, Albany
PO Box 5243 Wellesley St
Auckland, New Zealand
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]

Ivoclar Vivadent Polska
Sp. z.o.o.

ul. Jana Pawla II 78
PL-01-501 Warszawa
Poland
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]

Ivoclar Vivadent S.A.

c/Valderribas 82
E-28007 Madrid
Spain
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]

Ivoclar Vivadent AB

Dalvägen 16
S-169 56 Solna
Sweden
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]

Ivoclar Vivadent, Inc.

175 Pineview Drive
Amherst, N.Y. 14228
USA
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]

Ivoclar Vivadent – worldwide

Date information prepared: 11/2002

These materials have been developed solely for use
in dentistry. Processing should be carried out strictly
according to the Instructions for Use. Liability cannot
be accepted for damages resulting from failure to
observe the Instructions or the stipulated area of
application. The users is responsible for testing the
materials for their suitability and use for any purpose
not explicitly stated in the Instructions. Descriptions
and data constitute no warranty of attributes and
are not binding.
Printed in Liechtenstein
© Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan / Liechtenstein
562907/1102/e/3/BVD