gsk GSK928TCa User Manual
This manual is used for both GSK928TCa system and
GSK928TCa-L system. However, the contents are described based on
GSK928TCa system.
This manual describes the various matters concerning the
operations of this CNC system as much as possible. However, it is
impossible to give detailed descriptions to all the unnecessary or
unallowable operations due to space limitation and product specific
applications. Therefore, the matters not specially described herein
should be considered as “impossible” or “unallowable”.
This user manual is the property of GSK CNC Equipment Co.,
Ltd. All rights are reserved. It is illegal for any organization or
individual to publish or reprint this manual. GSK CNC Equipment Co.,
Ltd. reserves the right to ascertain their legal liability.
GSK928TCa Turning CNC System User Manual
Preface
Dear users,
It is our pleasure for your patronage and purchase of this GSK928TCa
turning machine CNC system (hereafter referred to as “system”) produced
by GSK CNC Equipment Co., Ltd.
This manual covers the use of the system and related precautions.
Warnings
Improper operations may cause unexpected accidents.
Before using the system, please read this manual thoroughly.
Note the following precautions before using the manual:
● Connect the Emergency Stop button of the system. As the emergency
stop input of the system adopts a normally closed contact, the system
will issue an alarm (not a system fault) after Power On if the emergency
button is poorly connected or connected as a normal-open contact.
● Set the program reference point according to the actual installation
position of the tool. If the Program Reference Point Return function is
used before the reference point is set, unexpected accidents may occur.
Special notes: The power supply fixed on/in the cabinet is
exclusively used for the CNC systems developed
by GSK.
It cannot be applied for other purposes. Otherwise
it may result in serious danger.
II
Safety and Precautions
Declaration!
z We try to describe all the various matters as much as possible in this
manual. However, it is impossible to give detailed descriptions to all
the unnecessary or unallowable operations because there are too
many possibilities. Therefore, the matters not specially described
herein should be considered as “impossible” or “unallowable”.
z Before installing, connecting, programming and operating the product,
please read this manual and the manual provided by the machine tool
builder carefully, and operate the product according to these manuals.
Otherwise, the operation may cause damage to the product and
machine tool, or even cause personal injury.
z The functions and specifications (e.g., precision and speed) described
in this manual are only for this product itself. For those CNC machine
tools with this product installed, the actual function configuration and
specifications depend on the designs of the machine tool builders.
Warning！
Caution！
Moreover, the function configuration and specifications of the CNC
machine tool are subject to the manual provided by the machine tool
builder.
z Please refer to the user manual issued by the machine tool builder for
All specifications and designs in this manual are subject to change without notice.
the function and meaning of each key on the panel.
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GSK928TCa Turning CNC System User Manual
Safety precautions
Please read the safety precautions carefully before connecting and using the
system.
The user must observe the safety operation specifications to ensure personal
and equipment safety.
The user must observe the related safety specifications described in the user
manual issued by GSK. Never attempt to operate the system before you are fully
familiar with its contents.
The user must observe the safety operation specifications about the machine
tool described in the user manual issued by the machine tool builder.
The user must be fully familiar with the contents of this manual and
the one issued by the machine tool builder before operating the
machine tool or controlling the machine tool by editing programs.
Ⅰ Meanings of signs
Warning Failure to observe the specified operation methods or
procedures may cause death.
Caution Improper operation may cause personal injury or equipment
damage.
Note Improper use may cause damage to the equipment and
product.
It reminds the user of important contents.
IV
Safety and Precautions
Ⅱ Precautions
1) Inspection and acceptance
Caution ● It is not allowed to use damaged or defective products.
2) Transport and storage
Note ● Guard the products against moisture during transit and storage;
do not climb up or stand on the packages of the products, or
place heavy objects on the packages; do not pile up the
packages more than 5 layers; avoid impact and scratch to the
front panel and LCD screen.
3）Installation
Caution ● Protect the system from sunlight and raindrops because the
Note
4）Connection
shell of the system is not waterproof.
z Prevent dust, corrosive air, liquid, conductors and inflammable
substances from entering the system.
z Keep the system away from inflammable and explosive
substances. Avoid places where there is powerful
electromagnetic interference.
z Install the system firmly in case of vibration.
Warning ● Only qualified persons can connect the system or check the
connection. No damage should be caused to the connecting
wires. Do not press or open the cover of the system with power
on.
Caution ● The voltage and the polarity of connecting plugs must accord
with the manual.
● Wet hands are dangerous to grasp the plug or the switch.
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GSK928TCa Turning CNC System User Manual
Note ● The connection must be proper and firm.
● The system must be earthed.
5）Debugging
Warning ● Make sure that the parameters of the system are correct
before running.
● No parameter should be beyond the setting limit in the manual.
6）Operation
Warning ● Only qualified operators can operate the system.
● Ensure the switch is OFF before connecting the power supply.
Warning ● The operator can not leave the system to work alone.
Warning ● Prevent the system from environmental interference.
7）Troubleshooting
Caution ● Unqualified persons cannot repair the system.
Warning ● After an alarm occurs, do not restart the system until the
● Make sure the connection is correct before Power On.
● The emergency stop button should be able to cut off all power
supplies when the system breaks down. Do not switch on/off
the system frequently.
breakdown is fixed.
VI
Safety and Precautions
Ⅲ Safety and precautions for programming
1) Coordinate system
Incorrect coordinate system may cause the machine not to work as expected
even if the instruction is correct, which may injure the operator, and damage the
machine as well as its tool and workpiece.
2) G00 rapid traverse
G00 rapid traverse performs nonlinear motion between its starting point and
end point. Make sure that the path for the tool is safe before G00 rapid traverse
starts, otherwise the tool, the machine and the workpiece may be damaged, and
even the operator injured.
3) Use of this manual
This manual introduces in details all functions of the system, including optional
functions and max. controllable ranges, which are subject to change with the
machine. Therefore, some functions described in this manual may not be
applicable to a specific machine tool. If there is any doubt, please read the
instruction for the machine.
4) Functions of the CNC and machine tool
The functions of CNC machines not only depend on CNC systems, but also
power voltage cabinets, servo systems, CNC and the operator panels. It is hard to
explain all the integrated functions, programming and operation. Do not use
integrated instructions not included in the manual until they have been tested
successfully.
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GSK928TCa Turning CNC System User Manual
Ⅳ Precautions and warnings for operation
1） Before machining a part
First check whether the machine tool works normally. Make sure that the
machine tool works normally by means of trial run before machining, with no
workpiece and tool mounted on the machine tool.
2） Before operating the machine tool
Check the input data of the system carefully before operating the machine.
Incorrect input data may cause the machine to work improperly, and thus damage
the workpiece and the tool, as well injure the operator.
3) Make sure the system input feedrate is suitable for the expected operation.
In general, there is a maximum feedrate for each machine tool. The proper
feedrate varies with different operations. Please refer to the user manual to
determine the maximum feedrate. If the user doest not operate the machine tool at
a proper speed, the machine tool may work incorrectly, thus causing damage to
the workpiece or the machine tool itself, or even cause personal injury.
4） Compensation function
When tool compensation is needed, check the direction and the amount of the
compensation. Improper compensation causes the machine to work wrongly, so
as to damage the workpiece and the tool, as well injure the operator.
5） Manual operation
If the machine is to run in Manual Mode, check the current position of the tool
and the workpiece, and correctly specify the moving axis, moving direction and the
feedrate. During MPG feed, rotating the MPG (previously called electronic
handwheel) with a large override, such as 100%, causes the tool and worktable to
move rapidly. In such a case, the tool and worktable will not stop immediately even
when the MPG is not rotated. Therefore, MPG movement with a large override may
cause damage to the tool or machine, or even injury to the operator.
6） Manual reference point return
VIII
Safety and Precautions
If manual reference point return is required, make sure that the machine has
been equipped with the detecting element for the reference point. If the manual
reference point return is performed without installing the detecting element, the tool
keeps moving until it hits the stroke limit, which may cause damage to the machine,
workpiece and tool, or even injury to the operator.
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GSK928TCa Turning CNC System User Manual
Safety responsibility
Manufacturer Responsibility
——Be responsible for the danger which should be eliminated on the design
and configuration of the provided CNC systems
——Be responsible for the safety of the provided CNC and its accessories
——Be responsible for the provided information and advice
User Responsibility
——Be trained with the safety operation of CNC system operation
procedures and familiar with the safety operation.
——Be responsible for the dangers caused by adding, changing or
modifying the original CNC systems and accessories.
——Be responsible for the danger caused by failing to observe the
operation, maintenance, installation and storage in the manual.
This user manual shall be kept by the end user.
Thank you for your support when you are using the products
of Guangzhou CNC Equipment Co., Ltd.
X
Contents
introduces the operation methods, technical specifications and
parameter setting for GSK928TCa turning machine CNC system.
Ⅰ OPERATION
Ⅱ PROGRAMMING
introduces the instruction codes and program formats of the CNC
system.
ConnectionⅢ
introduces the installation and connection of the CNC system.
Ⅳ Appendix
introduces the supplementary explanations for the installation and
connection of the CNC system.
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GSK928TCa Turning CNC System User Manual
XII
Contents
CONTENTS
OPERATION ·································································································································3
CHAPTER ONE OVERVIEW···············································································································3
CHAPTER TWO TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ············································································5
2.1 928TCa Technical Specifications········································································································· 5
CHAPTER THREE OPERATION PANEL·························································································7
3.1 LCD························································································································································· 7
3.2 LED Status Indicator ····························································································································· 7
3.3 Keyboard ················································································································································ 7
3.3.1 Character Key································································································································· 7
3.3.2 Operation Mode Select Key·········································································································· 8
3.3.3 Function Key··································································································································· 8
3.3.4 Cycle Start Key and Cycle Pause Key (Feed Hold key) ···························································· 9
3.3.5 Manual Axis Control Key ··············································································································· 9
3.3.6 Manual Auxiliary Function Key ··································································································· 10
3.3.7 Edit Key········································································································································· 11
3.3.8 Reset Key ····································································································································· 12
CHAPTER FOUR SYSTEM OPERATION······················································································13
4.1 System Power-on, Power-off, Initial State, Modal State, and Safety Protection························ 13
4.1.1 Power On ······································································································································ 13
4.1.2 Power Off ······································································································································ 14
4.1.3 Initial State and Modal State of System and Program······························································ 14
4.1.3.1 Initial State and Modal State of System·············································································· 14
4.1.3.2 Initial State and Modal State of Program············································································ 15
4.1.4 Safety Protection·························································································································· 15
4.1.4.1 Hard Limit Protection············································································································ 15
4.1.4.2 Soft Limit Protection ············································································································· 16
4.1.4.3 Emergency Stop Alarm (Stopping System Emergently)··················································· 17
4.1.4.4 Drive Unit Alarm ···················································································································· 19
4.1.4.5 Other Alarms ························································································································· 19
4.1.4.6 Power Off······························································································································· 20
4.1.4.7 Reset Operation···················································································································· 20
4.2 Operation Mode Selection for CNC System····················································································· 21
4.3 Edit Operation Mode ··························································································································· 21
4.3.1 Part Program Directory Search ·································································································· 22
4.3.2 Selecting, Creating, Deleting, Renaming and Copying a Part Program ································ 23
4.3.2.1 Selecting and Creating a Part Program ············································································· 23
4.3.2.2 Deleting a Part Program ······································································································ 24
4.3.2.3 Deleting All Part Programs··································································································· 24
4.3.2.4 Renaming a Part Program ··································································································· 24
4.3.2.5 Copying a part program ·········································································································· 25
4.3.3 Part Program Communication ···································································································· 25
4.3.3.1 Sending Part Program (CNC→PC, CNC→USB, CNC→CNC) ······································· 25
4.3.3.2 Receiving Part Programs (PC→CNC, USB→CNC, CNC→CNC) ·································· 26
4.3.3.3 Standard Format of TXT Part Program on PC··································································· 27
4.3.4 Inputting and Editing the contents of a part program······························································· 28
4.3.4.1 Inputting Program Contents································································································· 31
4.3.4.2 Inserting a Block ··················································································································· 32
4.3.4.3 Deleting a block ···················································································································· 32
4.3.4.4 Inserting a Character in a Block·························································································· 33
4.3.4.5 Deleting a Character in a Block··························································································· 33
4.3.4.6 Altering Contents of a Block ································································································ 33
4.3.4.7 Inserting a Macro String······································································································· 34
4.3.4.8 Storage Capacity for Programs ··························································································· 34
4.3.4.9 Operating No. 253 Program ································································································ 34
4.3.4.10 Operating No. 254 program······························································································· 35
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GSK928TCa Turning CNC System User Manual
4.3.5 Function of hp5 Key···················································································································35
4.3.5.1 Help for Part Program Command························································································35
4.3.5.2 Help for Obtaining Relative Parameters of Arc ··································································36
4.3.5.3 Rearrangement of Program Line Numbers ········································································37
4.3.5.4 Replacement of strings·········································································································37
4.3.5.5 Cursor Position ······················································································································37
4.3.5.6 Cursor Movement by MPG···································································································37
4.3.6 Compiling a Part Program ···········································································································38
4.3.6.1 hp3 Compiling Command·····································································································38
4.3.6.2 Result Analysis of Program Compilation ············································································38
4.3.6.3 Prompts of Program Compound Check··············································································39
4.4 JOG Operation Mode ··························································································································40
4.4.1 Coordinate Axis Movement··········································································································42
4.4.1.1 JOG movement ·····················································································································42
4.4.1.2 Step Movement······················································································································42
4.4.1.3 MPG Control Movement·······································································································43
4.4.1.4 Selecting Rapid Traverse Rate ····························································································44
4.4.1.5 Selecting speed for Low-speed feed···················································································45
4.4.1.6 Inputting a Word to Move, Setting Feedrate ······································································45
4.4.1.7 Drive Unit Enabling Control··································································································47
4.4.1.8 Alarm prompts for coordinate axis movement ···································································47
4.4.2 Establishing a Coordinate System······························································································48
4.4.2.1 Establishing Machine Coordinate System—Machine Zero Return (Machine Reference
Point Return) ·········································································································································48
4.4.2.2 Establishing Machine Coordinate System— without Machine Zero (No Machine
Reference Point) ···································································································································50
4.4.2.3 Setting Workpiece Coordinate System···············································································50
4.4.2.4 Setting Program Reference Point························································································52
4.4.2.5 Program Reference Point Return ························································································52
4.4.2.6 Recovering Workpiece Coordinate System and Program Reference Point ···················53
4.4.3 Spindle Control Function··············································································································53
4.4.3.1 Spindle Start/Stop Control ····································································································53
4.4.3.2 Spindle S Command – Gear Shift Control ··········································································55
4.4.3.3 Spindle S Command— Rotating Speed Control ································································56
4.4.4 Coolant Control·····························································································································59
4.4.5 Manual Tool Change Control·······································································································59
4.4.6 Manual Tool Change ····················································································································61
4.4.7 Hydraulic Chuck Control Function ······························································································65
4.4.8 Hydraulic tailstock control function ·····························································································67
4.4.9 Other option functions··················································································································69
4.4.9.1 Triple-color indicator control ·································································································69
4.4.9.2 Lubricant control····················································································································70
4.4.9.3 Machine Electricity Delay Power-on Control······································································70
4.4.9.4 Safety Door Detection Function ··························································································70
4.4.9.5 Low-pressure Detection Function························································································71
4.4.10 Viewing operation information in Manual mode······································································71
4.4.11 Appendix Table····························································································································71
4.4.11.1 List of M function commands Controlled by MDI Input····················································71
4.5 Auto Operation Mode ··························································································································73
4.5.1 System Working States in Auto Operation Mode······································································74
4.5.2 Explanations for Function Key Operation in Auto Operation Mode ········································74
4.5.2.1 Switching between Single and Continuous Operation······················································74
4.5.2.2 Switching bewteen Dry Run and Machining Run ······························································75
4.5.2.3 Switching between Coordinate Display and Graph Display ·············································76
4.5.2.4 Starting Execution from First Block of Program ·································································76
4.5.2.5 Starting Execution from a Specified Block··········································································76
4.5.3 Display during Program Execution ·····························································································77
4.5.3.1 Definition of Graph Display Data ·························································································77
4.5.3.2 Inputting Graph Display Data·······························································································78
4.5.3.3 Part Count and Timing··········································································································79
4.5.4 Manual Operation for Machine Auxiliary Functions ··································································80
4.5.5 Speed Override Adjustment in Auto Operation Mode·······························································80
4.5.5.1 Speed Override Adjustment ·································································································80
XIV
Contents
4.5.5.2 MPG speed control··············································································································· 81
4.5.6 Interruption Operation during Program Execution···································································· 82
4.5.6.1 Interruption with Keys during Program Execution····························································· 82
4.5.6.2 External feed/Spindle hold Knob························································································· 83
4.5.6.3 External Start and Pause Signals ······················································································· 84
4.5.6.4 Feeding Device Alarm Function ·························································································· 84
4.5.7 Modifying Tool Offset during Program Execution ····································································· 84
4.5.7.1 Methods of Modifying Tool Offsets during Program Execution········································ 84
4.5.7.2 Modifying Validity of Tool Offsets during Program Execution··········································· 85
4.5.8 Viewing Running Information in AUTO Operation Mode ························································· 85
4.5.9 Return to Program Reference Point in AUTO Operation Mode ·············································· 87
4.5.10 System Reset Key and Emergency Stop Signal Processing in Auto Mode ························ 87
4.5.11 Adjusting Brightness of LCD screen in AUTO, MANUAL Operation Mode·························· 87
4.5.12 Displaying Executing States of M Commands in Auto, Manual Operation Mode ··············· 88
4.5.13 Additional Operation in Auto Operation Mode ········································································88
4.6 Parameter Operation Mode················································································································ 89
4.6.1 Parameter Overview ···················································································································· 90
4.6.1.1 Parameter Authority·············································································································· 90
4.6.1.2 Entering an Operation Level································································································ 90
4.6.1.3 Parameter Management ······································································································ 90
4.6.2 Modifying Parameters·················································································································· 92
4.6.2.1 Searching Parameters ········································································································· 92
4.6.2.2 Modifying Parameters ·········································································································· 92
4.6.3 Parameter hp6 Function·············································································································· 93
4.6.3.1 Parameter Communication and Standard Format ···························································· 93
4.6.3.2 Parameter Extraction and Solidification ············································································· 96
4.6.3.3 System Software Upgrade and Internal Memory Update················································· 97
4.6.3.4 Function Command Authority ······························································································ 98
4.6.4 Description of parameters··········································································································· 98
4.6.4.1 Parameters of Reference Point, Soft Limit __ P000～P020 ············································ 98
4.6.4.2 Parameters of Zero Return Function__ P021～P026, P109～P111, P406～P407······· 99
4.6.4.3 Parameters of Movement Speed and Acceleration Time __P100～P108, P112～P119
······························································································································································ 101
4.6.4.4 Parameters of Drive and Compensation P200～P209, P411, P1000～P1905············ 103
4.6.4.5 Parameters of Spindle and Coolant __ P300～P317, P326, P329, P341, P410········· 106
4.6.4.6 Parameters of Tool Post __ P318～P325, P408····························································· 109
4.6.4.7 Parameters of Chuck and Tailstock __ P327～P328, P409··········································· 112
4.6.4.8 Bit Parameters of Running and Efficiency__ P400～P401 ············································ 113
4.6.4.9 Relationship between Path and Parameters of Running and Efficiency ······················ 115
4.6.4.10 Bit Parameters of Safety and Debugging__ P402～P404, P419································ 116
4.6.4.11 Bit Parameter of Motor Driver__ P405 ··········································································· 121
4.6.4.12 Parameters of Other Interfaces__ P412, P330～P332 ············································· 121
4.6.4.13 Other parameters__ P413～P416, P333······································································· 123
4.6.4.14 Parameters of Interface __P500～P556········································································ 126
4.6.4.15 Initial values of variables __P600～P639 ······································································ 127
4.6.4.16 Parameters of G76 __P336～P339················································································ 127
4.6.5 Appendix Parameter List····································································································· 128
4.6.5.1 Reference Parameter List·································································································· 128
4.6.5.2 Motion Parameter List ········································································································ 129
4.6.5.3 Drive Parameter List··········································································································· 130
4.6.5.4 Auxiliary Parameter List ····································································································· 130
4.6.5.5 Bit Parameter List ··············································································································· 131
4.6.5.6 Interface Parameter List····································································································· 132
4.6.5.7 Variable Initial Value List···································································································· 133
4.6.5.8 Pitch Error Compensation Parameter List ······································································· 134
4.6.5.9 List of Parameters Relative to Command Disabling ······················································· 134
4.6.5.10 List of Parameters Relative to Output Interface Releasing·········································· 135
4.6.5.11 List of Parameters Related to Input Interface Releasing·············································· 135
4.7 Tool Offset Operation Mode ············································································································· 137
4.7.1 Searching Tool Offset Value······································································································ 138
4.7.2 Inputting Tool Offset Data from Keyboard ··············································································· 138
XV
GSK928TCa Turning CNC System User Manual
4.7.3 Clearing Offset Values of Each Group ·····················································································139
4.7.4 Tool Compensation hp6 Function ·····························································································139
4.7.4.1 Communication and Standard Format of Tool Offset Data ·············································140
4.7.4.2 Tool Compensation Data Clearing·····················································································141
4.8 Diagnosis Operation Mode ···············································································································142
4.8.1 Searching Interface Signal ········································································································ 142
4.8.2 Explanations for Display of Interface Signals Names·····························································143
4.8.3 Explanation of Input Interface Diagnosis ·················································································143
4.8.4 Explanation of Output Interface Diagnosis ··············································································143
4.8.5 Output Interface Operation Function························································································144
4.8.6 Spindle Encoder and Spindle Speed Detection·······································································144
4.8.7 Diagnosis hp6 Function ·············································································································144
4.8.7.1 Display of Alarm Record ·····································································································145
4.8.7.2 Searching Alarm Record·····································································································146
4.8.7.3 Alarm Record hp6 Function ·······························································································147
4.8.8 Machine Auxiliary Function Control ··························································································148
CHAPTER FIVE RS232 AND USB SYSTEM COMMUNICATION ·········································149
5.1 RS232 Communication ·····················································································································149
5.1.1 Communication between CNC and PC····················································································149
5.1.2 Communication between CNC and CNC·················································································150
5.2 USB Communication ·························································································································150
5.2.1 USB Operation····························································································································151
5.2.2 USB File Directory Requirements·····························································································151
PROGRAMMING····················································································································· 155
CHAPTER ONE PROGRAMMING FUNDAMENTAL································································ 155
1.1 Coordinate Axis and Its Direction ·····································································································155
1.2 Machine Coordinate System, Machine Zero···················································································156
1.3 Program Reference Point ·················································································································156
1.4 Machine 2nd, 3rd Program Reference Point ··················································································156
1.5 Workpiece Coordinate System·········································································································156
1.6 Programming Coordinate··················································································································157
1.6.1 Absolute Coordinate Values······································································································157
1.6.2 Relative Coordinate Values ·······································································································157
1.6.3 Compound Coordinate Values ··································································································158
1.7 Diameter Programming and Radius Programming········································································158
1.8 Interpolation Function························································································································158
CHAPTER 2 PROGRAM CONFIGURATION·············································································· 160
2.1 Character ············································································································································160
2.2 Word····················································································································································160
2.3 Block Number·····································································································································161
2.4 Block····················································································································································161
2.5 Block Skip Symbol and Comment····································································································162
2.6 Program Structure······························································································································163
CHAPTER 3 MSTF COMMANDS AND FUNCTIONS ······························································· 164
3.1 M — Auxiliary Function (Command List)·························································································164
3.1.1 M00 — Pause ·····························································································································165
3.1.2 M02 — End of Program ·············································································································165
3.1.3 M20 — Program End Cycle Machining····················································································165
3.1.4 M30 — End of Program, Spindle OFF, Cooling OFF······························································166
3.1.5 M03, M04, M05 —Spindle Control····························································································166
3.1.6 M08, M09 —Coolant Control·····································································································166
3.1.7 M10，M11, M12 — Clamping/Releasing Chuck, Cancelling Chuck Output Signal············167
3.1.8 M32, M33 — Lubricating ON/OFF····························································································167
3.1.9 M41, M42, M44, M43 — Spindle Automatic Gear Shift Control ············································167
3.1.10 M78, M79, M80 —Tailstock Advancing and Retracting, Tailstock Output Signal Cancelling
··································································································································································168
3.1.11 M96 —Calling Cycle Execution·······························································································168
3.1.12 M97 — Program Transfer········································································································ 169
3.1.13 M98, M99 — Subprogram call and subprogram return························································169
XVI
Contents
3.1.14 M21, M22, M23, M24 —User Output Control ······································································· 171
3.1.15 M91, M92, M93, M94 — User Input Control ········································································· 171
3.1.16 M60~M74 — Custom Command ··························································································· 172
3.2 M81, M82, M83—User Input/Output Condition Control ································································ 172
3.2.1 M82— Output Control and Detection······················································································· 173
3.2.2 M81—Control According to Input Signal State········································································ 173
3.2.3 M83—Control According to Output Signal State····································································· 174
3.3 S function — Spindle Function········································································································· 174
3.3.1 Spindle Motor Controlled by Gear Shift ··················································································· 174
3.3.2 Variable-frequency Motor Controlled by Speed······································································ 175
3.4 T Function — Tool Function ············································································································· 176
3.4.1 Tool Offset Execution Mode-Moving Slide Carriage······························································· 176
3.4.2 Tool offset execution mode- modifying coordinates ······························································· 177
3.5 F Function — Feedrate Function ······························································································· 177
CHAPTER 4 G COMMANDS AND FUNCTIONS········································································180
4.1 G00 — Rapid Positioning G00········································································································· 180
4.2 G01 — Linear Interpolation ·············································································································· 182
4.3 G02, G03, G05 —Circular Interpolation·························································································· 183
4.4 Thread Cutting Command ················································································································ 188
4.4.1 G33 — Thread Cutting ·············································································································· 188
4.5 G32 —Tapping Cycle ························································································································ 196
4.6 G50 — Setting Workpiece Coordinate System·············································································· 197
4.7 G51 — Recovering Workpiece Coordinate System Setting ························································· 198
4.8 G26 — X, Z Reference Point Return······························································································· 199
4.9 G28 — Return to Machine Zero (Machine Reference Point) ······················································· 200
4.10 G30 — 2nd, 3rd Program Reference Point Return ········································································ 201
4.11 G04 — Timing Delay······················································································································· 201
4.12 G96 —Constant Surface Speed Control, G97 —Constant Surface Speed Cancel ················· 202
4.13 Single Canned Cycle ······················································································································ 205
4.13.1 G90 —Outer Cylinder Face Turning Cycle (Axial Cutting Cycle) ······································· 205
4.13.2 G92 —Thread cutting cycle ···································································································· 208
4.13.3 G94 — Inner/outer End (Taper) Face Turning Cycle ··························································· 216
4.13.4 G74 —End Face Deep Hole Machining Cycle ····································································· 219
4.13.5 G75 —Grooving cycle ············································································································· 221
4.14 Compound Cycle····························································································································· 223
4.14.1 G71 —Axial Plane Rough and Finish Command Group ····················································· 223
4.14.2 G72 —End Face Roughing/Finishing Command Group ····················································· 228
4.14.3 G73 — Closed-loop Cutting Cycle Command Group ·························································· 232
4.14.4 G76 —Multiple Repetitive Threading Cycle·········································································· 236
4.15 G22, G80 —Program Local Cycle································································································· 241
4.16 G98 — Feed per Minute, G99 — Feed per Revolution ······························································ 243
4.17 G31 — Skip Function······················································································································ 244
4.18 G66 -Memorizing current coordinates, G67-Return to the memorized coordinates················ 246
4.19 Appendix: G function and its Explanation Table (Table 4-3) ······················································· 246
4.20 Appendix：G and its Relative Parameter Explanation (Table 4-4)············································ 248
CHAPTER FIVE GENERAL PROGRAMMING RULES AND EXAMPLES ···························249
5.1 General Programming Rules············································································································ 249
5.2 Programming Rules for Commands in One Block········································································· 250
5.3 Command Execution Sequence ······································································································ 251
5.4 Programming Example ····················································································································· 253
5.4.1 Outer Machining Example········································································································· 253
5.4.2 Thread Machining Example ······································································································ 254
5.4.3 Compound Machining Example ······························································································· 257
CHAPTER SIX ALARM MESSAGE·······························································································261
6.1 Emergency Stop Alarm ····················································································································· 261
6.2 Alarm Table in PARAMETER, OFFSET Operation Mode (i.e. E001~E009)······························· 261
6.3 Table of Alarm in Edit Operation Mode(i.e. E100~ E199) ····························································· 263
6.4 Table of Alarms Relative to Program (i.e.E200~ E299, E600~ E699) ········································· 265
6.4.1 Alarm in Program Command (i.e. E200~299)········································································· 265
6.4.2 Alarm in Program Comprehensive Check Alarm (E600~E699)············································ 268
6.5 Table of Alarm in JOG OR AUTO Operation Mode (i.e. E300~ E499) ········································ 270
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GSK928TCa Turning CNC System User Manual
6.5.1 Alarm in Executing Relative Operations (i.e. E300~E399) ····················································270
6.5.2 Relative Alarm in Executing Statement (E400~ E499) ···························································274
CHAPTER SEVEN STATEMENT PROGRAMMING (not for GSK928TCa) ························ 276
7.1 Variable ···············································································································································276
7.1.1 Variable Expression Method······································································································276
7.1.2 Classification of Variable············································································································ 276
7.1.2.1 Command Variable·············································································································· 277
7.1.2.2 Pointer Variable ···················································································································279
7.1.2.3 Interface Variable ················································································································280
7.1.2.4 Keyboard Scan Register r5001··························································································281
7.1.2.5 Display Window Register r5002 ························································································282
7.1.2.6 Display Value Register r5003·····························································································285
7.1.2.7 Graph Refresh Register r5004···························································································286
7.1.2.8 Program Control Register r5008························································································286
7.1.2.9 System Special Variable Group 1······················································································287
7.1.2.10 System Special Variable Group 2····················································································288
7.2 Statement············································································································································289
7.2.1 Assignment Statement···········································································································289
7.2.2 Conditional Statement ············································································································ 290
7.2.3 Statement Program Example ································································································291
7.3 Process Monitoring and Execution ··································································································292
7.3.1 Process Monitor Description (r7000)····················································································292
7.3.2 Process Monitor ON/OFF······································································································294
7.3.3 Monitor Program Example····································································································· 295
7.3.4 Pulse Monitoring (r7100) ·······································································································297
7.3.5 Pulse Monitoring Programming Example ············································································298
7.3.6 Variable Transfer Register (r7900) ······················································································· 299
7.4 Attached List·······································································································································300
7.4.1 ASCII List·································································································································300
7.4.2 Corresponding List between Common Colors and Code Values······································300
CHAPTER EIGHT CUSTOMIZED COMMAND PROGRAMMING·········································· 301
8.1 Customized Command······················································································································301
8.1.1 Programming Format of Customized Command ····································································301
8.2 Customized Command Library (P254) ····························································································301
8.2.1 Programming Format and Debugging of Customized Command Library ···························· 302
8.2.2 Use of Customized Command Library ·····················································································302
8.3. Foot Switch of M61 command········································································································· 303
CONNECTION··························································································································307
CHAPTER ONE INTERFACE OVERVIEW·················································································· 307
1.1 Rear Cover Interface Layout ············································································································307
1.2 Overall Frame·····································································································································308
CHAPTER TWO INTERFACE TABLE·························································································· 309
CHAPTER THREE CNC DEVICE CONNECTION ······································································311
3.1 Communication Interface ··················································································································311
3.1.1 USB Interface······························································································································ 311
3.2 X1, X2 Interface ·································································································································311
3.2.1 X1, X2 Interface Signal Definition····························································································· 311
3.2.2 Connection Method of Input Signal ··························································································314
3.2.3 Connection method of Output Signal ·······················································································316
3.2.4 Input/Output Signal Specification······························································································318
3.3 Machine Zero Return Function and Connection·············································································318
3.4 Tool Change Control Function and Connection··············································································321
3.4.1 Definition of Tool Change Control Signal ················································································· 321
3.4.2 Signal Connection ······················································································································321
3.4.3 Function Description ··················································································································321
3.4.3.1 Tool Change Mode 0···········································································································322
3.4.3.2 Tool Change Mode 1···········································································································322
3.4.3.3 Tool Change Mode 2···········································································································323
3.4.3.4 Tool Change Mode 3···········································································································323
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3.4.3.5 Tool Change Mode 4 ·········································································································· 325
3.4.4 Tool Signal Check and Parameter Setting ·············································································· 326
3.4.4.1 Default mode (P408_d7=0) ······························································································· 326
3.4.4.2 Table Checking Mode········································································································· 327
3.5 X3 Motor Interface····························································································································· 328
3.5.1 Signal Definition ························································································································· 328
3.5.2 Technical Specifications ············································································································ 329
3.5.3 Equivalent Circuit ······················································································································· 329
3.5.3.1 Drive Unit Alarm Signal Xalm, Zalm ················································································· 329
3.5.3.2 Enable Signal Xen, Zen ····································································································· 330
3.5.3.3 Pulse Signal and Direction Signal····················································································· 330
3.5.4 Connection between CNC System and Drive Unit of Compound Stepper Motor ··············· 330
3.5.5 Connection between CNC and Drive Unit of Reaction Stepper Motor································· 333
3.5.6 Connection between CNC and AC Servo Drive Unit ····························································· 335
3.5.7 Connection Diagram between CNC and Panasonic Drive Unit············································ 337
3.5.8 Connection Diagram between CNC and Yaskawa Drive Unit··············································· 338
3.6 X4 Spindle Interface·························································································································· 339
3.6.1 Signal Definitions ······················································································································· 339
3.6.2 Converter Technical Specification ···························································································· 339
3.6.3 Encoder Technical Specifications····························································································· 340
3.6.4 Connection Diagram of Converter Analog Voltage Interface················································· 340
3.6.5 Encoder Interface Principle······································································································· 340
3.6.6 Encode Interface Connection Diagram···················································································· 340
3.7 X5 MPG Interface······························································································································ 341
3.7.1 Signal Definition ························································································································· 341
3.7.2 MPG Interface Principle ············································································································ 341
3.7.3 MPG Interface Connection Diagram ···················································································· 341
CHAPTER FOUR USE AND MAINTENANCE INFORMATION ···············································342
4.1 Ambient Condition····························································································································· 342
4.2 Earthing ·············································································································································· 342
4.3 Power Supply Requirements············································································································ 342
4.4 Protection ··········································································································································· 342
4.5 Use after Long-Time Unuse ············································································································· 342
Appendix 1 CNC system electrical symbol explanations ····················································345
Appendix 2 CNC system tool post controller circuit method layout································346
Appendix 3 Interface Schematic Circuit ····················································································347
Appendix 4 External control connection diagram··································································350
Appendix 5 GSK928TCa CNC system appearance installation dimension ····················351
Appendix 6 GSK928TCa-L CNC system appearance installation dimension ················352
Supplementary Explanation·············································································································353
1. Modified functions and commands························································································353
1.1 Newly-added Interface Parameter P538, P539, P540—Z/X/Y Move Limit································· 353
1.2 Newly-added Interface parameter P351 — Alarm of Lubrication Check before Machining······ 353
1.3 G76 Command Modification············································································································· 353
1.4 Diagnosis Operation Mode··············································································································· 354
1.5 AUTO Operation Mode ····················································································································· 354
2. Newly-added M Command: M50—M59, M84········································································354
2.1 Customized commands expanded to M50-M74 from M60-M74.················································· 354
2.2 Newly-added Function of calling M50-M72 before machining ····················································· 354
2.3 M84 — Input Signal Check within a Specified Time······································································ 355
3. Newly-added G Commands and Functions ·········································································355
3.1 G38 — Rigid Taping, Threading ······································································································ 355
3.2 G21, G20— Metric, Inch Input ········································································································· 357
3.3 Detailed Explanation of Metric/Inch Switch ···················································································· 358
3.3.1 Metric/Inch Switch Parameter······························································································· 358
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Chapter One Overview
Ⅰ
OPERATION
Ⅰ OPERATION
1
Ⅰ
OPERATION
GSK928TCa Turning CNC System User Manual
2
Chapter One Overview
Ⅰ
OPERATION
CHAPTER ONE OVERVIEW
The GSK928TCa system employs a 32-bit high performance CPU and a complex
programmable logic device of very-large-scale programmable array integrated circuits
as its control center, thus realizing the movement control with a μm-level precision.
The product, equipped with a true color LCD with resolution of 480×234, uses the
international standard NC language, also known as ISO codes, to write part programs.
It is characterized by the full-screen program editing, Chinese/English operation
interface, real-time track and display of the part graph and simple operation as well as
the high cost performance. It can be matched with stepper motors or AC servo drive
units, and by means of programming, it is capable of machining outer cylinders, end
faces, grooves, tapers, circular arcs, threads, etc.
Technical specifications
9 Link axes: 2 (X, Z axes), short linear smooth interpolation at a high speed realizable;
Interpolation precision: 0.001mm, max. rapid traverse: 15m/min
9 Flexible and convenient programming
9 USB interface communication, fast and easy to operate
9 Least command increment: 0.001mm, electronic gear ratio:（1～99999）/（1～99999）
OPERATION
9 Realizing controls like automatic tool post, spindle automatic gear shift.
9 Backlash compensation, tool length compensation
9 Exponential acceleration/deceleration control, applicable to high-speed and high-precision
machining
9 Tapping function
9 Available to cut inch/metric thread, end face thread, continuous thread; with thread high-speed
run-out
9 Full-screen part program editing, capable of storing 255 programs; a capacity of 4 MB for No.
253 program
9 True color LCD with a large screen, color profiles selected by parameters
9 Real-time tracking and display of MSTF status during processing
9 Multi-level passwords, convenient for equipment management
9 Parameter backup function
9 Communication of parameters and tool compensation data
9 Support for two-way communication between CNC and CNC, and between CNC and PC; CNC
software upgraded through a serial port
9 Support for two-way communication between CNC and USB; CNC software upgraded through
USB
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GSK928TCa Turning CNC System User Manual
Ⅰ
9 Installation dimension, electrical characteristics and part of interfaces compatible with
GSK928TC turning machine NC system
Note
1. Neither the parameters nor the functions of Y axis described in this manual are invalid.
2. The interface RS232 of the system has not been led out; to lead it out from the inside of the
OPERATION
system, special tools and professional technician are required.
4
Chapter Two Technical Specification
Ⅰ
CHAPTER TWO TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
2.1 928TCa Technical Specifications
Simultaneously controlled axes (interpolation axes): 2 (X, Y axes)
Interpolation function: linear, circular, and thread interpolation of X and Z axes
Position command range: -9999.999 mm～9999.999mm; least command increment: 0.001mm
Electronic gear: Command multiplier coefficient 1～99999, command division coefficient 1～99999
Rapid traverse rate: Max. 15000mm/min; rapid override: F25%, 50%, 75%, 100% four-level real time
adjustment
Motion control
Cutting feedrate: Max. 4000mm/min; feedrate override: 16-level real time adjustment from 0～150%
(increment 10%)
Manual feedrate: 0mm/min～1260mm/min 16-level real time adjustment, or user-defined speed in
real time
MPG feed: Three gears, 0.001mm, 0.01mm, 0.1mm
Acceleration/deceleration: Either exponential or linear acceleration/deceleration can be selected for
cutting feed.
OPERATION
G codes
Thread
machining
Precision
compensation
M codes
T codes
Spindle speed
control
I/O function
Display
interface
Program edit
G codes: G00, G01, G02, G03, G04, G05, (G22/G80), G26, G28, G30, G31, G32, G33, G50, G51,
G66, G67, G71, G72, G73, G74, G75, G76, G90, G92, G94, G96, G97, G98, G99
Capable of machining single /multiple metric/inch straight thread, taper thread and end face thread;
Thread run-out length, angle and speed characteristics settable, with high-speed run-out processing;
thread pitch: 0.001mm～500mm or 0.06 teeth/inch ~ 25400 teeth/inch; taping function available
Spindle encoder: Setting range of encoder lines: 100 p/r～5000p/r; drive ratio between encoder and
spindle: 1：1
Backlash compensation: 0 mm～10.000mm
Tool compensation: 16 tool numbers, 64 groups of tool length compensations
Tool setting mode: Trial tool setting, fixed point tool setting; Tool compensation execution mode: tool
compensation executed by modifying coordinates, tool compensation executed by moving tool post
M00, M02, M20, M30, M03, M04, M05, M08, M09, M10, M11, M12, M32, M33, M41, M42, M43, M44,
M78, M79, M80, M81, M82, M83, M96, M97, M98, M99, M91, M92, M93, M94, M21, M22, M23,
M24；user defined M codes：M60～M74；
Up to 16 tool numbers (T01□□～T16□□), control process of tool change is selected by setting tool
post type parameters; tool post type is set to 0 when using a line-up tool.
Speed switch value control mode: The output range of S command 4-gear direct control is S01～
S04; or the output range of the 16-gears BCD code is S00～S15.
Speed analog voltage control mode: S commands specify the spindle speed per minute or cutting
linear speed (constant surface speed control); the CNC outputs 0V～10V voltage to the spindle
frequency converter; spindle stepless speed variation; support for 4 spindle mechanical gears M41～
M44
I/O function diagnosis display
I/O interface: 23 points input/18 points output
Display: 480×234 lattice true color LCD, with LED or CCFL backlight
Display mode: Chinese or English display interface set by parameters; real-time display of machining
path
Program number: up to 255 programs, program storage capacity: 4400KB
Edit mode: Full-screen editing, support for incremental/absolute coordinate mixed programming,
program calling, and subprogram multi-level nesting
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GSK928TCa Turning CNC System User Manual
Ⅰ
OPERATION
Communication
Adaptive driver
With USB interface; bidirectional transmission of programs, parameters and tool compensations
between CNC and USB; support for system software upgrade by USB download
GSK DA98 series digital AC servo or DY3 series step drive device, with pulse + direction signal input
6
Chapter Three Operation Panel
Ⅰ
CHAPTER THREE OPERATION PANEL
This turning machine CNC system (abbreviated to system or CNC) employs an operation
panel made from aluminum alloy.
3.1 LCD
LCD: Human-machine interface, with a resolution of 480×234, lattice true color LCD
3.2 LED Status Indicator
LED indicators are used to indicate the current working states of the system. There are 15 function
keys with a LED indicator. When the indicator lights up, the corresponding function of the key is enabled;
when it goes out, the function is disabled.
3.3 Keyboard
According to the standard of GSK, the function keys with the visible signs below are designed for
the system. The corresponding function of a function key is enabled when it is pressed. The meaning of
OPERATION
each key is as follows:
3.3.1 Character Key
Character keys consist of numbers, letters and some signs.
In the Edit mode, each letter key can switches between two or three keycodes; in other modes, each
letter key only indicates one keycode. (E.g. Though I and P are on the same key, the system will
automatically identify the keycode (I or P) to be used after pressing this key.)
Numeric key: Inputs data (0 ~9)
Letter key: Inputs letters
Sign key: Inputs signs such as + (plus sign), - (minus sign), * (multiplication sign), / (division sign) , +
(positive sign), - (negative sign), . (decimal point), ＞ (is greater than), = (is equal to), ＜
(is less than), and, or, as well as ( ).
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GSK928TCa Turning CNC System User Manual
Ⅰ
3.3.2 Operation Mode Select Key
The keys are identified by a sign and letters. The user can finish the corresponding function by
pressing an operation mode select key. The meaning of each key is as follows:
selects Edit operation mode
OPERATION
selects Manual operation mode
selects AUTO operation mode
selects Parameter operation mode
selects Tool Offset operation mode
selects Diagnosis operation mode
3.3.3 Function Key
The keys are indicated by a sign and letters. With a function key pressed, its function is enabled. The
meaning of each key is as follows:
Rapid override increase increases the rapid traverse override in MANUAL operation
mode, and increases the speed override of G00 command in AUTO operation mode.
Rapid override decrease decreases the rapid traverse override in MANUAL operation
mode, and decreases the speed override of G00 command in AUTO operation mode.
Feedrate override increase increases the feedrate override in MANUAL operation mode,
and increases the speed override of G01 command in AUTO operation mode.
Feedrate override decrease decreases the feedrate override in MANUL operation mode,
and decreases the speed override of G01 command in AUTO operation mode.
X axis reference point return is only valid in MANUAL/AUTO operation mode. (In this
manual, the program reference point is also called the program zero point)
8
Chapter Three Operation Panel
Ⅰ
Z axis program reference point return is only valid in MANUAL/AUTO operation mode.
X axis machine reference point return only valid in MANUAL operation mode (In this
manual, the machine reference point is also called the machine zero point).
Z axis machine reference point return only valid in MANUL operation mode.
Dry run key When Dry Run is selected in AUTO operation mode to execute commands,
whether M, S, T commands are valid is determined by bit parameter P401_d7. After the Dry
Run state is exited, the coordinate of each axis of the system automatically resumes to the
one before Dry Run.
Single/Continuous key selects Single/Continuous mode in AUTO operation mode; in
other operations, it is for the hp function.
3.3.4 Cycle Start Key and Cycle Pause Key (Feed Hold key)
In AUTO operation mode, they are respectively used to start and suspend the program execution. The
meaning of each key is as follows:
OPERATION
Cycle Start key starts the program in AUTO operation mode, and then the program is
executed automatically; moves the coordinate axis in MANUAL operation mode.
Cycle Pause key (Feed Hold key) suspends the execution in MANUAL or AUTO
operation mode; in other operation modes, it means the hp function.
【Note】
There are two letters “hp” (help) on the upper right corners of some keys. In total, there
are 7 Help keys, which are hp0～hp6; in different operation modes, when the main key is
invalid, the hp is valid.
3.3.5 Manual Axis Control Key
In MANUAL operation mode, the meanings of manual axis control keys are as follows:
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GSK928TCa Turning CNC System User Manual
Ⅰ
In MANUAL operation mode, X axis is moved in negative direction.
In MANUAL operation mode, X axis is moved in positive direction.
In MANUAL operation mode, Z axis is moved in negative direction.
OPERATION
In MANUAL operation mode, Z axis is moved in positive direction.
RAPID/FEED key In MANUAL operation mode, it switches between rapid traverse rate and
feedrate.
In MANUAL operation mode, it is Single Step/MPG Step Width Selection; in other
operation modes, it is the hp function.
In MANUAL operation mode, it is MPG control selection and axis selection; in other
operation modes, it is the hp function.
In MANUAL operation mode, it is Z/Y axis selection, which is invalid for 928TCa; in other
operation modes, it is the hp function.
Step/JOG key It selects Step/JOG operation in MANUAL operation mode.
3.3.6 Manual Auxiliary Function Key
The keys below are used for controlling and completing a variety of auxiliary functions of the machine
tool. The meaning of each key is as follows:
Spindle CW rotation The spindle rotates in CW direction (viewed from the tailstock to the
chuck)
Spindle stop The spindle stops rotating.
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