6.5.2 Certificate of Conformity and System Validation .............................................. 141
6.6 Scope of delivery and ordering designations.......................................................... 143
Index ........................................................................................................................147
784 KFP Titrino
Overview
784 KFP Titrino
Instructions for Use
784 KFP Titrino
1
Overview
1 Overview
Front view of instrument:
1
2
3
4
5
2
784 KFP Titrino
1Exchange Unit
2Display
3Control keys and indicator lamps on the Titrino
Key < >Power switch
Key < 4 > Switching stirrer ON/OFF
Key <DOS>Dosing key. Dispensing is performed as long as
<DOS> is being pressed. Used e.g. to prepare
the Exchange Unit. The dispensing rate can be
set with potentiometer (5).
Key <STOP/FILL>- Stops procedures, e.g. titrations, conditioning.
- Filling after manual dosing with <DOS>.
Key <START>Starts procedures, e.g. titrations, conditioning.
Identical with key <START> of the separate
keypad.
Indicator lamps:
"COND."Lamp flashes when conditioning is performed
and the titration vessel is still wet. It is on if con-
ditioning is ok.
"STATISTICS"Lamp is on when the "statistics" function
(calculation of mean and standard deviation) is
on.
"SILO"Lamp is on when silo memory (for sample data)
is on.
Overview
4Setting of display contrast
5Controls the dosing rate during manual dosing with <DOS> and
subsequent filling
784 KFP Titrino
3
Overview
Rear view of instrument:
1
A
6
7
8
9
RS 232
A
Keyboard
C
2
Remote
Pol
1.784
Nr.
B
100 - 240 V
f = 50 - 60 Hz
S = 15 W
Made by Metrohm
Herisau Switzerland
12
E
11
10
4
784 KFP Titrino
6RS232 interfaces
2 separate interfaces for the connection of printer, balance, and computer
7Remote lines (input/output)
for the connection of the Remote Box, Sample Changers, robots etc.
8Connection of electrodes
• 1 measuring input for polarized electrodes, e.g. KF electrode
9Connection for separate keypad
10Connection for power cable
With power supplies where the voltage is subject to severe HF disturbances, the Titrino should be operated via an additional power filter,
e.g. Metrohm 615 model.
Overview
11Connection for stirrer
728 Magnetic Stirrer, 722 Rod Stirrer, 703 or 727 Ti Stand
Supply voltage: 10 VDC (I ≤ 200 mA)
12Rating plate
with fabrication, series and instrument number
784 KFP Titrino
5
2.1 Keypad
SILO
–9STATISTICS
MEAS/HOLD
+
→↑←
↓
STOP
START
/6*
USER METH
)3DEF
(2C-FMLA
MODE
REPORTS
PRINT
USER
CURVE
2 Manual operation
2.1 Keypad
PARAMCONFIG
SMPL
DATA
PARAMParameters.
SMPL DATA Sample data.
CONFIGConfiguration.
EP
7
8
STATISTICS ON/OFF switching of statistics calcu-
lations of consecutive determination,
see page 28.
MEAS/HOLD ON/OFF switching of measurements
RS
4
5
between titrations and hold during titrations.
SILOON/OFF switching of silo memory for
C
1
C-FMLACalculation values, see page 27.
sample data, see page 38.
DEFFormulas, data output, see page 25ff.
MN
0
ABC
.
;
–
USER METH Management of internal method mem-
ory, see page 35.
PRINTPrinting of reports, see page 33.
REPORTSResult output.
MODEMode dialogue, see page 14.
USERUser name, see page 34.
CLEARENTER
CURVESwitching result/curve display, see
page 33.
←,→Selection of special values (dialog
marked with ":").
QUIT
↑,↓Cursor key for navigation.
CLEARClears values, set special values.
6.2130.050
ENTERStores values.
STOPStops methods.
QUITQuits inquiries, waiting times, printing.
STARTStarts methods.
The third functions (inscriptions in the triangle) on the keys of the keypad are used for
formula entry, see page 25.
6
784 KFP Titrino
2.2 Principle of data input
remo
te box: OF
F
• If you press a key, you will find a group of inquiries
Place the cursor to ">store method" and press
<ENTER>.
The name of the method which is currently in the
working memory is displayed.
• Delete this name with <CLEAR>.
• Open the "text writing mode" with key <ABC>.
You can now select the desired character by means
of the cursor keys, then confirm this character. Select the next character...
When you confirmed the last character, i.e. your
name is complete, you quit the text writing mode
with <QUIT>.
Confirm now the name with <ENTER>.
• During text input you can correct typing errors with
<CLEAR>:
<CLEAR> deletes the characters one by one.
• If you wish to modify an existing name, do not de-
lete the existing name before you start the text input
mode. Proceed then as follows:
1. Press <USER METH>, place the cursor to
">store method" and press <ENTER>.
2. Open the text writing mode directly: Press key
<ABC>.
3. <CLEAR> now deletes the characters one by
one or you can add additional characters.
4. If your text is complete, leave the text writing
mode with <QUIT> and confirm the text with
<ENTER>.
8
784 KFP Titrino
2.4 Configuration, key <CONFIG>
Key <CONFIG> serves to enter device specific data.
Monitoring of instrument validation, service interval and
printout of diagnostic report.
peripheral units:
Selection of printer, balance, stirrer control and COM
for manual report output.
auxiliaries:
e.g. setting of dialog language, date, time, type of result display.
RS232 settings COM1 and 2:
RS parameters for the COM's.
common variables:
Values of common variables.
2.4 Configuration, key <CONFIG>
>monitoring
validation: OFF
time interval 365 d
time counter 0 d
service: OFF
The display texts of the Titrino are shown on the left
side. The values are the default values.
Monitoring functions
Monitoring the validation interval (ON, OFF)
Monitoring is carried out at the end of the titrations and
when the Titrino is switched on. If the monitoring
responds the message "validate instrument" appears.
The message vanishes with <CLEAR>. At the same
time the counter is reset to zero.
If "ON" has been set:
Time interval for validation (1...9999 d)
see also page 139.
Time counter (0...9999 d)
Counts the number of days since the last time the
counter was reset.
Monitoring the service interval (ON, OFF)
Monitoring is carried out after the Titrino has been
switched on. If the monitoring responds the message
"Service is due" appears. The message vanishes with
<CLEAR>.
next service YYYY-MM-DD
784 KFP Titrino
If "ON" has been set:
Date of next service (YYYY-MM-DD)
9
2.4 Configuration, key <CONFIG>
system test report: OFFSystem test report printout (ON, OFF)
With "ON" the report of the system test is printed out
after the Titrino has been switched on, see also
page 139.
>peripheral units
send to COM1: IBM
send to COM2: IBM
man.reports to COM: 1
balance: Sartorius
Settings for peripheral units
Selection of printer (Epson, Seiko, Citizen, HP, IBM) at
the Titrino COM1
"Epson", for Epson
"Seiko", e.g. for DPU-414
"Citizen", e.g. for iDP 562 RS
"HP" e.g. for Desk Jet types. Place curves always at the
beginning of a page as you cannot have them over 2
pages.
"IBM" for all printers with IBM character set Table 437
and IBM graphics, as well as for the data transmission
to a computer or a data system.
COM of Titrino for the output of manually triggered
reports (1, 2, 1&2)
Manually triggered reports (e.g. with <PRINT> ....).
Exception <PRINT><REPORTS>: These reports are
outputted on the COM as defined in the method.
Selection of balance (Sartorius, Mettler, Mettler AT,
AND, Precisa)
Sartorius:Models MP8, MC1
Mettler:Models AM, PM and balances with 011,
012, and 016 interfaces
Mettler AT: Model AT
AND:Models ER-60, 120, 180, 182, FR-200, 300
and FX-200, 300, 320
Precisa:Models with RS232C interface
10
stirrer control: OFF
remote box: OFF
keyboard: US
Automatic switching ON/OFF of the stirrer in the titration
sequence (ON, OFF)
If stirrer control is ON, the stirrer will be switched on at
the beginning and switched OFF at the end of a determination. For KFT with conditioning the stirrer will be
switched off in the inactive state.
For stirrer control the red switch on the stirrer unit must
be ON.
Connection of a remote box (ON ,OFF)
To the remote socket for PC keyboard and barcode
reader, see page 118.
If "ON" has been set:
Type of PC keyboard (US, German, French, Spanish,
Swiss.)
The PC keyboard is used as an input aid, see
page 119.
784 KFP Titrino
2.4 Configuration, key <CONFIG>
barcode: inputTarget for barcode reader (input, method, id1, id2, id3,
smpl size)
The barcode reader is used as an input aid, see
page 118.
Input:The barcode string goes to the entry field in
which the cursor is currently located.
Method:The barcode string goes to the entry field
"Methods" in the silo memory.
Id1:The barcode string goes to the entry field
"Id1". (Similar for Id2 and Id3.)
Smpl size: The barcode string goes to the entry
field "smpl size".
>auxiliaries
dialog: english
date 1999-08-15
time 08:13
run number 0
auto start OFF
start delay 0 s
General settings
Selection of dialog language (english, deutsch,
français, español, italiano, portugese, svenska)
Current date (YYYY-MM-DD)
Format: Year-month-day, entry with leading zeros.
Current time (hh-mm)
Format: Hours-minutes, entry with leading zeros.
Current run number for result output (0...9999)
The sample number is set to 0 when the instrument is
switched on and incremented on every determination.
Automatic start of titrations. (1...9999, OFF)
Number of automatic starts ("number of samples").
Used for instrument interconnections in which the
external instrument does not initiate a start. Not
advisable in connections with Sample Changers.
Start delay (0...999999 s)
Delay time after start of methods. Abort start delay time
with <QUIT>.
result display: bold
dev.label.
program 784.0010
784 KFP Titrino
Type of result display at the end of the determination
(bold, standard)
bold: The calculated results are displayed in bold
characters.
standard: Displays the whole information, e.g. results,
endpoints, messages etc.
Individual identification of devices (up to 8 ASCII
characters)
Will be printed in the result report, see page 32.
The values of all common variables are displayed. For
creating common variables see page 30.
Settings with key <CONFIG> and power ON
Proceed as follows:
1. Switch the Titrino OFF.
2. Press <CONFIG> and keep it pressed during switching the Titrino ON.
The display shows the following:
Setup
>lock
>curve
lock:
Locking keys <CONFIG>, <PARAM> and <SMPL
DATA>, and the functions "recall method", "store
method" and "delete method" of the internal method
memory in the Titrino.
curve:
Changes the appearance of the curve printout.
>lock
lock
"ON" means that the corresponding function is not
accessible anymore.
<configuration>: OFF
<parameters>: OFF
<smpl data>: OFF
recall method: OFF
store method: OFF
delete method: OFF
The corresponding key is locked.
The corresponding function in the internal method
memory of the Titrino is locked.
12
784 KFP Titrino
2.4 Configuration, key <CONFIG>
>curve
grid: ON
frame: ON
scaling: Full
width 0.5
length 0.05
curve
The settings are valid for COM1 and COM2.
If you change the printer type, the following settings are
initialized according to the printer.
Grid drawing (ON, OFF)
Frame drawing (ON, OFF)
Type of scaling (Full, Auto)
Full: The scaling goes from the greatest to the smallest
value.
auto: The scaling from tick to tick, e.g. the
smallest/greatest values lie in between the first/last tick.
Width (0.2...1.00)
1 is greatest width. If you set 1, you may loose the label
at the right margin.
Length (0.01...1.00)
Time axis:
Curve length
0.01100 cm
0.110 cm
0.5 2 cm
11 cm
784 KFP Titrino
13
2.5 Key <MODE>
MODE
2.5 Key <MODE>
;
–
mode
mode: KFT
measured quantity: Ipol
With the key <MODE> the dialogue „mode“ is
opened.
The 784 Titrino is a titrator, specially designed for Karl
Fischer water determinations. It has exclusively the
mode KFT (Karl Fischer Titration).
With <ENTER> the selection of the measured
quantity is activated. Select Ipol or Upol with <←> or
<→> and confirm it also with <enter>.
The following modes can be selected:
• KFT: Karl Fischer Titration, the determination of
water content.
The mode KFT is equipped with a set of standard
parameters. They only need few settings in order to be
ready to work.
14
784 KFP Titrino
2.6 Parameters, key <PARAM>
The key <PARAM> is used for the entry of values that
PARAM
2.6.1 Parameters for KFT
determine the modes. Values marked with "cond." are
accessible during the conditioning in the KFT mode.
"**titr." means that these values can be changed during the titration. They influence the ongoing determination. Other values can only be changed in the inactive
state.
The display texts of the Titrino are shown on the left
side. The values are the default values.
<CLEAR> sets "max.".
This parameter determines primarily the addition rate
outside the control range, see page 21.
The maximum rate depends on the Exchange Unit:
Exchange Unitmax. rate
<CLEAR> sets "min.".
This parameter determines the addition rate at the start
and the end of the titration, see also page 21.
This parameter influences the titration speed and
therefore its accuracy very strongly: A smaller
"min.volume incr." results in a slower titration.
Type of stop criteria (drift, time)
Titration stops, if EP and stop drift are reached
(1...999 µL/min)
Titration stops if there is no dosing during t(delay)
(0...999 s, INF)
<CLEAR> sets "INF".
Switch off when EP is reached and the set time after
the last dosing has elapsed.
stop time OFF s
**titr.
>titration parameters
titr.direction: –
pause 1 0 s
**titr.
If t(delay) is "INF"
Stop after a time (0...999999 s, OFF)
<CLEAR> sets "OFF".
Stop after the set time after start of titration. "OFF"
means no stop, i.e. titration for an "infinitely" long time.
Titration parameters
Direction is set automatically (+, –, auto)
auto: The direction is set automatically by the Titrino.
+:Direction of higher voltage (more "positive"),
larger currents.
– : Direction of lower voltage, smaller currents.
Pause 1 (0...999999 s)
Waiting time before start volume, e.g. for equilibration
of the electrode after start. The waiting time can be
aborted with <QUIT>.
16
784 KFP Titrino
2.6 Parameters, key <PARAM>
start V: OFF
cond.
start V 0.0 ml
cond.
factor 0
cond.
dos.rate max. ml/min
**titr.
pause 2 0 s
**titr.
Type of start volume (OFF, abs., rel.)
"OFF": start volume switched off
"abs.": absolute start volume in mL
"rel.":relative start volume to sample size.
If "abs." is set:
Absolute start volume (0...999.99 mL)
If "rel." is set:
Factor for relative start volume (0...±999999).
Calculated as: start V in mL = factor ∗ sample size
Dosing rate for start volume (0.01...150 mL/min, max.)
<CLEAR> sets "max.".
The maximum rate depends on the Exchange Unit:
Exchange Unitmax. rate
Waiting time after start volume, e.g. reaction time after
dosing of a start volume. The waiting time can be
aborted with <QUIT>.
extr.time 0 s
**titr.
I(pol) 50 µA
U(pol) 400 mV
electrode test: OFF
temperature 25.0 °C
cond.
time interval 2 s
cond.
Extraction time (0...999999 s)
During this time the titration is running. It will not be
stopped (also if EP is already reached), before the
extraction time is terminated. The extraction time can
be aborted with <QUIT>.
Polarization current (–127...127 µA)
or the
polarization potential (–1270...1270 mV, in steps of
10 mV) is inquired.
Electrode test (OFF, ON)
Test for polarized electrodes. Performed on
changeover from the inactive standby state to a
measurement. "OFF" means that the test is not
performed.
Titration temperature (–170.0...500.0 °C).
The temperature can be entered manually.
Time interval (1...999999 s)
Time interval for acquisition of a measured value into
the measuring point list.
784 KFP Titrino
17
2.6 Parameters, key <PARAM>
>stop conditions
stop V: abs.
**titr.
stop V 99.99 ml
**titr.
factor 999999
**titr.
filling rate max. ml/min
**titr.
Stop conditions for titration
If this is not "normal", i.e. after reaching the EP
Type of stop volume (abs., rel., OFF)
"abs.": absolute stop volume in mL
"rel.":relative stop volume to sample size
"OFF": stop volume switched off. Stop volume is not
monitored.
The stop volume applies for one single titration. The
conditioning volume is not monitored.
If "abs." is set:
Absolute stop volume (0...9999.99 mL)
If "rel." is set:
Factor for relative stop volume (0...±999999)
Calculated as: Stop V in mL = factor ∗ sample size
Filling rate after titration (0.01...150 mL/min, max.)
<CLEAR> sets "max.".
The maximum rate depends on the Exchange Unit:
Exchange Unitmax. rate
Automatic conditioning of titration vessel (ON, OFF)
If conditioning is "ON", the solution is constantly kept at
the endpoint.
When conditioning is performed, the volume drift can
be displayed during the conditioning:
Display of drift during conditioning (ON, OFF).
Volume drift.
Type of drift correction (auto, man., OFF)
Type of drift correction: (EP – drift ∗ time)
auto: drift value at start is valid
man.: see below
OFF : no correction
Value for manual drift correction (0.0...99.9 µL/min)
Request of identifications after start of titration (id1,
id1&2, all, OFF)
After start, sample identifications can be requested
automatically: Only id1, id1 & id2, all three id's or no
inquiries.
18
784 KFP Titrino
2.6 Parameters, key <PARAM>
req.smpl size: OFF
cond.
limit smpl size: OFF
cond.
low lim. 0.0
cond.
up lim. 999999
cond.
oven: no
cond.
Request of sample size after start of titration (value,
unit, all, OFF)
"all" the value and the unit will be requested.
Limiting value check for sample size (ON, OFF)
With "ON" the error message "sample size out." appears if the entry is outside the set limits. The limiting
values are shown in the display window.
The absolute value of the limit is checked during sample size input and during the calculation of the results.
If "ON" has been set:
Lower limit for sample size (0.0...999 999)
Upper limit for sample size (0.0...999 999)
Connected oven (COM1, COM2, no)
COM of the Titrino to which the oven is connected.
If an oven is connected via RS232 an inquiry will be
made for the oven results and these will be inserted
into the result report of the Titrino. The report output on
the oven must be switched OFF (see also page 115).
Set "no" if no oven has been connected or if you have
not connected the oven to Titrino the via RS232 interface.
activate pulse: OFF
cond.
Pulse output on I/O line L6 (L6, pin 1) of the remote
socket (first, all, cond., OFF) e.g. start of a Dosimat,
see page 126.
784 KFP Titrino
19
2.6 Parameters, key <PARAM>
<START>
(Sta
rt delay)
(Sta
rt conditions)
Calculation
sData output
(Reconditioning)
(Stirrer OFF
)
Titration sequence of KFT
(Activate pulse)
(Stirrer ON)
(Preconditioning)
(<START>
(Activate pulse)
(Start delay)
(Request ident.)
(Request smpl size)
(Extraction time)
Titration with test of
stop criterion
After the start, the activate pulse is outputted and the stirrer switched on.
The start delay time is waited off.
If conditioning is on, the sample solution is titrated until
the EP is reached. The display shows then
drift OK 2.3 µl/min
or
KFT conditioning
The vessel is now conditioned. The titration can be started
with <START>.
The sample identifications and the sample size are requested.
Pause 1 is waited off, the start volume is dispensed and
pause 2 waited off.
The titration is executed. If the extraction time is not yet
over when the endpoint has been reached, the titration will
only be terminated after the extraction time is over.
The stirrer is switched off when there is no conditioning.
Calculations are carried out.
Data are outputted.
Conditioning is carried out.
20
784 KFP Titrino
2.6 Parameters, key <PARAM>
Control parameters for KFT
The control parameters can be set according to your samples. The default parameters
are already set to get satisfactory results. Optimize the control parameters for specific
samples only.
During the titration, reagent dosing is carried out in 3 phases:
U/mV
t/s
Initial
dosing
I/uA
KFT Ipol
Continuous
dosing
EP
Control
range
V/mL
V/mL
1. Initial dosing:
Here the dosing rate
increases constantly up to
"max.rate".
2. Continuous dosing:
Dosing is performed at the
maximum rate "max.rate"
until the control range
(dynamics) is reached.
3. Control range (dynamics):
In this range, dosing is
performed in single steps.
The last dosing steps are
controlled by the
parameter "min.volume
incr.".
EP
KFT Upol
V/mL
Remarks:
• Titer determination should have the same modes and the same parameters as the
sample titrations.
• In most cases the preset default parameters provide precise and reproducible results.
• Ipol gives relatively steep curves. They are flatter with Upol.
784 KFP Titrino
21
2.6 Parameters, key <PARAM>
Mechanisms of the KFT parameters in Ipol mode
U/mV
+
Titration
(direct titration)
EP at U
Titration
(Back titration)
I(pol)
Excess H2O
Excess Iodine-
darker
solution
+
I/µA
• The position and curve characteristics of the line between the ranges of excess water
or excess iodine depends on the type of sample and the ingredients of the working
media.
• The endpoint has to be set close to the range margin, but always within the iodine
excess range. If the endpoint is set too close to the limit, an overdose of KF reagent
may be dispensed. The steeper the curve at the preset polarization current I(pol), the
more delicate it is to titrate to a steady and reproducible endpoint. For the titration of
troublesome samples, the particular conditions must be optimized by trial and error.
Always mind the color of the working medium at the end point as your guideline.
Remark: In most cases the preset default parameters provide precise and
reproducible results.
• If you select negative values for a parameter, you should choose negative values for all
other parameters too in order to have compatible parameter sets.
• In KFT Upol mode, all parameters work in a similar manner as in KFT Ipol mode.
22
784 KFP Titrino
2.6 Parameters, key <PARAM>
The determination of the free water is easily done, as far as the specifications of the
reagent manufacturer regarding the "water capacity" of the reagents are considered.
Problems may occur with specific sample matrices. The relevant literature contains many
precise analysis instructions. Here, we give you some useful hints for the sample
addition.
Sample addition
For sample addition various accessories are available, for example injection syringes,
weighing spoons etc.
It is a good idea to apply the back-weighing technique, except when you are disposing
small amounts of liquids with a micro-syringe. Fill the syringe or the weighing spoon with
your sample just before the titration (e.g. during conditioning) and tare it on a balance
with an appropriate precision, which ideally is connected to the Titrino. Sample size
request should always be switched on (see page 19). Add the sample during the request
for the sample size, and weigh the syringe or weighing spoon again to evaluate the
weight difference. Use the transfer of balance data to enter the correct sample size if
possible. The weight has to be transmitted in gram. If you transfer the sample size from
the balance, the sample size request is confirmed automatically, and the titration is
started at once. Otherwise use the keypad to enter the weight.
If the sample size request is switched off, and preconditioning is set, you are explicitly
prompted to add your sample. For six seconds, the message "add sample" is displayed
after which the titration is started by the Titrino itself. This waiting time can be extended by
pressing <MEAS/HOLD>.
Solid samples
Use the glass weighing spoon 6.2412.000 and dispose the sample through the opening
for the septum stopper.
Liquid samples
Use a disposable syringe (2...20 mL) or a micro-syringe with a long needle attached.
Puncture the septum and dispose the sample carefully. When using disposable syringes,
add the liquid sample carefully without dipping into the solvent. Draw back the last drop
of sample into the syringe before you redraw the needle. For disposing an exact, small
volume of liquid sample, use a micro-syringe. Proceed as described above, but dip the
needle into the preconditioned solvent and dispose the sample carefully. Here drawing
back of solvent or sample adhering to the needle is not recommended.
Always keep in mind to exchange the septum as soon as it shows any large punctures
impairing the tightness of the titration cell.
Pasty, viscous samples
For samples which cannot be disposed with a needle because of their high viscosity, you
can handle your samples with disposable syringes with a large volume without using a
needle. Dispose your sample through the opening of the septum stopper. Back-weigh the
syringe after addition of the sample. Be sure to wipe off any adhering excess sample
substance of the syringe before taring it.
In any case, pay attention to prevent the penetration of atmospheric moisture into the
titration vessel when you are disposing the sample. If you still have to open the titration
cell for any reason, determine a blank value and take it into account for the calculation of
the titration result (see page 132).
784 KFP Titrino
23
2.6 Parameters, key <PARAM>
In the following table we attempt to show you solutions related more to the instrument's
side:
What to do if ...
ProblemPossible causes and remedial action
Dosing at end too long and
increments too small. "Is never
finished!"
The increments at the end of the
titration are too large.
"Overshoots".
Solution becomes too brown at
the end of the titration.
Solution becomes darker with
every titration.
• Increase "min.volume incr.".
• Change stop criterion. Try to increase stop drift or
use a short stopping time as stop criterion, e.g.
• For problematic samples change solvents with
ketones or aldehydes in 2-methoxyethanol or with
amines mixture in methanol/glacial acetic, e.g., see
literature.
• Lower "max.rate". The following experiment gives you
a reference point for the optimum max.rate: Drift
display during conditioning and add sample without
starting the titration. Select a value below the
maximum drift as "max.rate".
• Optimize setup of electrode and buret tip and
improve stirring.
• The methanol fraction in the solvent is too low.
Change the solvent.
• Electrode could be coated; wipe off with acetone.
• Renew solvent.
• Electrode could be coated; wipe off with acetone.
The drift increases with every
titration.
The endpoint is reached "too
rapidly".
The titration times become
longer and longer.
• Does your sample evolve water extremely sluggishly?
Work with the KF oven.
• Are acids esterified in your sample? Change solution
more frequently. Increase buffer capacity of the
solvent.
• Does your sample contain ketones or aldehydes?
Use special reagents suitable for ketones and
aldehydes.
• Reduce "max.rate".
• With 2-component reagents the buffer capacity of the
solvent can be exhausted. Change solution.
• If the drift increases at the same time, see above.
Key <DEF> contains various inquiries for result
calculations and data output. The data of this key are
method specific and they are stored in the method
memory together with the method.
formula:
Formulas for result calculations.
The display texts of the Titrino are shown on the left
side. The values are the default values.
Input of formulas
Enter formula number (1...9)
You can calculate up to 9 results per method.
Enter a number 1...9.
Input of formula
Example:
RS1=EP1∗C01/C00
Enter formula by means of 3rd functions of keyboard.
Here you will find operands, mathematical operations
and parentheses. Operands require a number as an
identification. You can use the following operands:
EPX: EP's. X = 1...9
RSX: Results which have already been calculated with
previous formulas. X = 1...9
CXX: Calculation constants. XX = 00...45
784 KFP Titrino
Rules:
• Calculation operations are performed in the
algebraic hierarchy: ∗ and / before + and –.
• Store formula with <ENTER>.
• Calculation quantities and operands can be deleted
with <CLEAR> one by one.
• To delete a complete formula press <CLEAR>
repeatedly until only RSX remains in the display.
Confirm with <ENTER>.
If a formula is stored with <ENTER>, result text,
number of decimals, result unit and the settings of the
result limit control will be requested:
25
2.7 Result calculations
RS1 text RS1
Text for result output (up to 8 characters)
Text input see page 8.
RS1 decimal places 2
RS1 unit: %
Number of decimal places for result (0...5)
Selection of result unit (%, ppm, g/L, mg/mL, mol/L,
mmol/L, g, mg, mL, mg/pc, s, mL/min, no unit or up to
6 characters).
RS1 limit control: OFF
Limit control for the result (ON, OFF)
The limits are checked each time a result is calculated.
Sets line L13 of the remote socket (OFF, active, pulse)
if the result lies outside the limits.
Enter next formula, e.g. for RS2.
Meaning of the calculation variables CXX:
C00Sample size, see page 37.
C01...C19Method specific operands, see page 27. They are stored with the
method in the method memory.
C21...C23Sample specific operands, see page 37ff.
C26, 27 Mean values from silo calculations, see page 41ff.
C30...C39Common variables.
C40Initial measured value of the sample.
C41End volume.
C42Determination time.
C43Volume drift for KFT with conditioning.
C44Temperature.
C45Dispensed start volume.
26
784 KFP Titrino
Input of method specific operands C01...C19, key <C-FMLA>
C-FMLA
2.7 Result calculations
C
1
With <C-FMLA> the operands C01...C19 can be put
in. For the calculation, the operands are used, which
were introduced in the formula.
The inputs method specific and are store in method
memory.
The calculation report can be printed with the key sequence
<PRINT><←/→> (press keys repeatedly until "calc" appears in the display) <ENTER>.
Example for a calculation report:
'fm
784 KFP Titrino 02134 784.0010
user sn
date 1999-08-15 time 15:01 3
KFT Ipol KF-Blank
>calculations
Water=(EP1-C38)*C39*C01/C00/C02;2;%
Titer=C39;4;mg/ml
Blank=C38;4;ml
C00= 1.0
C01= 0.1
C02= 1
C38= 0.0
C39= 0.0
------------
Calculation report
mode und method name
formulas:
result name=formula;number of decimal
places;result unit
sample size
method specific operands
values of the common variables that are
used
784 KFP Titrino
27
2.8 Statistics calculation
DEF
2.8 Statistics calculation
Mean values, absolute and relative standard deviations are calculated.
The <DEF> key is used to allocate results for statistics
calculation.
The entries are specific to the method and are stored in
the method memory.
mean:
Assigns values for statistics calculations.
The display texts of the Titrino are shown on the left
side. The values are the default values.
Allocations for statistics calculations
Number n of single values for statistics calculation.
(1...9)
You can perform statistics calculation using up to 9
results (RSX), endpoints (EPX) or variables (CXX). For
MN1, the default value RS1 is entered.
Delete allocation with <CLEAR> + <ENTER>
Each mode has an inquiry group ">statistics" in key
<PARAM>
>statistics
28
status: OFF
mean n= 2
res.tab: original
delete n= 1
Statistics calculation
Status of statistics calculation (OFF, ON)
If the statistics calculation is switched off, the following
inquiries regarding the statistics do not appear.
Mean value calculation from n single results (2...20)
Result table (original, delete n, delete all)
"original":The original table is used. Deleted
individual results are again incorporated in
the evaluation.
"delete n":Deletion of single results with the index n.
"delete all": The entire table is deleted.
Delete data from sample number n (1...20)
The deleted result is removed from the statistics
calculation.
784 KFP Titrino
2.8 Statistics calculation
How do you obtain statistics calculations?
1) Enter the allocations for the statistics calculation, see page 28.
2) Switch on the statistics calculations: Either with <STATISTICS> or set the status under
<PARAM>, "> statistics" to "ON". The "STATISTICS" LED is on. Storing a method in
the method memory, the status of the statistics calculation is retained.
3) Change the number of the individual values n under "mean n", if necessary.
4) Perform at least 2 titrations. The statistics calculation are constantly updated and
printed. The values are printed in the short and full result report.
5) The statistics report can be printed with <PRINT><STATISTICS><ENTER>.
Rules:
• Recalculated results are incorporated in the statistics calculation.
• If a result of a particular titration can not be calculated, no results for this determination
are incorporated in the statistics calculation. However, the sample counter is still
operative, i.e. the statistics calculation start afresh when the number of required
individual determinations has been performed.
• If the statistics are switched off ("statistics" LED no longer on), results are no longer
entered in the statistics table. But the table remains unchanged. When the statistics
are switched on again, you can immediately continue working.
• If you delete results, all results of the determination with index n are removed from the
statistics evaluation.
• On method change, the old statistics table is cleared and the statistics instructions of
the new method are followed.
• Old results in the statistics table can be deleted with "delete all" (<PARAM>,
">statistics", "res.tab:").
784 KFP Titrino
29
2.9 Common variables
DEF
2.9 Common variables
Common variables are used for:
• Determination of a titer with a method. This titer is stored permanently as C3X. The
operand C3X can be used in various other methods like any other operand.
• Determination of a blank values with a method . Using this blank value in various other
methods.
• Determination of a result with method. Reconciliation of this result in various other
methods.
You may enter and view the values of the common variables with <CONFIG>.
With <DEF>, results (RSX), endpoints (EPX), variables
(CXX) or mean values (MNX) can be allocated as
common variables.
The entries are specific to the method and are stored in
the method memory.
common variables:
Assigns values to common variables.
The display texts of the Titrino are shown on the left
side. The values are the default values.
Allocation for common variables
Common variable C30...C39 (RSX, EPX, CXX, MNX)
Results (RSX), endpoints (EPX), variables (CXX), and
means (MNX) can be assigned.
The values of the common variables remain in force for
all methods until they are overwritten or deleted. They
can be viewed under the <CONFIG> key.
Delete allocation with <CLEAR>+<ENTER>.
30
784 KFP Titrino
2.10 Data output
DEF
2.10 Data output
2.10.1 Reports for the output at the end of a determination
With <DEF>, the report sequence at the end of the
determination is defined.
The entries are specific to the method and are stored in
the method memory.
report:
Definition of report blocks to be printed automatically at
the end of the determination.
The display texts of the Titrino are shown on the left
side. The values are the default values.
require more than one report block, set a ";" as a
delimiter between the blocks.
Identical for COM2.
Meaning of the report blocks:
paramParameter report.
fullFull result report with raw results, calculations and statistics.
shortShort result report with calculations and statistics.
mplistMeasuring point list.
curveCurve volume vs. time
scalc fullFull report of silo calculations.
scalc srtShort report of silo calculations.
calcReport with formulas and operands.
ffForm feed on printer.
784 KFP Titrino
31
2.10 Data output
Original reports which are put out automatically at the end of the titration can be printed
with recalculated values at any time. Key sequence:
<PRINT><REPORTS><ENTER>.
Original reports have double dashes ==== at the end, whereas recalculations are
marked by single dashes ----.
Report outputs can be stopped with <QUIT>.
Example of reports:
'fr
784 KFP Titrino 02134 784.0010
user sn
date 1999-08-15 time 15:01 3
KFT Ipol KF
smpl size 0.879 g
EP1 2.5725 ml
Water 1.44 %
Titer 4.9372 mg/ml
mean( 3) +/–s s/%
Water 1.46 0.027 % 1.86
device label Titr 1 sign:
============
'cu
784 KFP Titrino 02134 784.0010
user sn
date 1999-08-15 time 15:01 3
KFT Ipol KF
5.0 s/div dV=0.5 ml/div
Full result report
User (only if entered)
Device label (if there is a designation, see
page 11) and manual signature.
Curve
Scaling of time axis
32
============
784 KFP Titrino
2.10 Data output
Additional possibilities for report outputs
In addition to the reports which are printed at the end of the titration, various other reports
can be put out. There are 2 possibilities to select the reports:
1) <PRINT><←/→><ENTER>Cursor is pressed repeatedly until the desired report
appears in the display.
2) <PRINT><keyX><ENTER>key X is the key under which the appropriate data
are entered.
List of the "keys X":
Report<Key X>
Configuration reportCONFIG
Parameter reportPARAM
Current sample dataSMPL DATA
Statistics report with the individual resultsSTATISTICS
All sample data from the silo memorySILO
Operands C01...C19C-FMLA
Contents of the <DEF> keyDEF
Contents of the method memory with details of the memory
USER METH
requirements of the individual methods and the remaining bytes
Complete report sequence of the last determination, as defined
REPORTS
under the <DEF> key in the method
Result display without printer
If you work without printer, we recommend to work with the standard character set for
result display (settings in key <CONFIG>, ">auxiliaries", see page 11). You will get the
complete information on your determinations: Calculated results, endpoints, messages
etc.
2.10.2 Display of the Curve
After the titration, the curve can be viewed.
Switch between "curve" and "result display" with key <CURVE>.
You can trace the curve with keys <↑> and <↓>. In
the text field on the left side of the curve the index of
the current measured value is displayed in the first line.
In the subsequent lines, the corresponding measured
values are shown.
784 KFP Titrino
33
2.11 User name, key <USER>
USER
2.11 User name, key <USER>
+
←
user
name: boss
>delete
The key <USER> manages the user names.
User names can be entered directly or selected with
the keys <←> and <→>.
name:
Selection or input of user name.
delete:
Delete user name.
The display texts of the Titrino are shown below at the
left.
name:User name (up to 10 ASCII characters)
User names can be entered directly or selected with
the keys <←> and <→>.
The user name is printed out in the report.
The user name remains in the instrument until it is deleted (or until the RAM is initialized).
If no operator name is to be printed out the user "blank"
can be selected.
>delete
name:
Delete user name
Enter the name directly or select it with the keys <←>
and <→>. <ENTER> will delete the name from the
list of user names.
34
784 KFP Titrino
2.12 Method memory key <USER METH>
2.12 Method memory key <USER METH>
USER METH
user methods
>recall method
>store method
>delete method
>recall method
method name:
)
3
Management of the internal method memory with key
<USER METH>.
Select method name with keys <←> and <→>.
recall method:
Loads a method from the internal method memory into
the working memory.
store method:
Stores the method which is in the working memory in
the internal method memory.
delete method:
Deletes a method from the internal method memory.
The display texts of the Titrino are shown on the left
side. The values are the default values.
Recall method
Recall method from the internal method memory to the
working memory (input of method name, which is
included in the memory).
If a method identification is entered which is not found
in the method memory, the selected value blinks.
>store method
method name:
Store method
Store method from the working memory to the internal
method memory (up to 8 ASCII characters).
If a method with an identical name is already stored,
you are requested if you wish to overwrite the old
method. With <ENTER> it is overwritten, with
<QUIT> you return to the entry.
784 KFP Titrino
35
2.12 Method memory key <USER METH>
>delete method
method name:
Delete method
Delete method from the internal method memory (input
of method name, which is included in the memory).
For safety, you are again asked if you really wish to
delete the method. With <ENTER> it is deleted, with
<QUIT> you return to the working memory.
If a method name is entered which is not found in the
method memory, the selected value blinks.
The contents of the method memory can be printed with the key sequence
<PRINT><USER METH><ENTER>
Document your methods (e.g. parameter report, def. report and C-fmla report)!
With a PC and the 6.6008.XXX Vesuv program, you should carry out a complete method
backup periodically.
36
784 KFP Titrino
2.13 Current sample data, key <SMPL DATA>
SMPL
2.13 Current sample data, key <SMPL DATA>
The key <SMPL DATA> can be used to enter the
DATA
smpl data
id#1 or C21
id#2 or C22
id#3 or C23
smpl size 1.0 g
smpl unit: g
current sample data. The content of this key changes
when the silo memory is switched on, see page 39.
Instead of entering the current sample data with
<SMPL DATA>, you can request these data
automatically after start of determinations.
Configuration: <PARAM>, ">preselections".
Current sample data can be entered live. For working
with the silo memory see page 38.
id#1...3 or C21...C23, sample identifications:
The sample identifications can also be used as sample
specific calculation variables C21...C23.
smpl size:
Sample size.
The sample size can be monitored, see e.g. page 19.
The limits are then displayed in this window.
smpl unit:
Unit of the sample size.
smpl data
id#1 or C21
id#2 or C22
id#3 or C23
smpl size 1.0 g
smpl unit: g
The display texts of the Titrino are shown on the left
side. The values are the default values.
Sample data
Sample identification 1...3 or sample specific operand
C21...C23 (up to 8 characters).
Sample identifications or sample specific operands
can be entered using the keypad, via a balance with a
special input device or via barcode reader.
Sample size (6-digit number: ±X.XXXXX)
Entry using keypad, via a balance or via barcode
reader.
Unit of sample size (g, mg, mL, µL, pc, no unit or up to
5 characters)
Select unit with <←/→>.
784 KFP Titrino
37
2.14 Silo memory for sample data
2.14 Silo memory for sample data
In the silo memory or pushup storage, sample data (method, identifications and sample
size) can be stored. This is useful, e.g. when you work with Sample Changers and other
automatic sample addition systems or if you wish an overview of your determination
results, see page 41.
SILO
9
-
Press the key <SILO> for working with the silo
memory. The status LED "silo" is on when the silo
memory is switched on. The silo memory works by the
FIFO principle (First In, First Out).
If the silo memory is switched on, sample data are routed to the last free line of the silo
memory. If no new value is put in, the value from the last line is automatically copied. In
this manner, data can be simply taken over when they remain unchanged.
When the instrument is started, the sample data are fetched from the next silo line.
Organization of the silo memory
255
1
2
255
1
2
6
35
Silo memory contains 35 lines.
Next free line is 36
6 of the 35 lines have been
processed. Free lines from 36 to
255 and from 1 to 6.
1 silo line needs between 18 and 120 bytes memory capacity.
Filling the silo memory with a connected balance
If the silo memory is filled from the balance, you must ensure that there is sufficient space
in the silo memory for the required number of silo lines! The number of free bytes is given
in the user memory report.
When the sample data are entered from a balance, the transfer of the sample size is
taken as the end of the silo line. You should not send data from the balance and edit the
silo memory at the same time.
For mixed operation, manual input of identifications and sample sizes from a balance, the
values from the balance are sent into the line in which editing just takes place. Confirmed
the data with <ENTER> at the Titrino.
38
35
784 KFP Titrino
2.14 Silo memory for sample data
SMPL
Key <SMPL DATA> with the silo memory switched on
Sample data can be entered into the silo memory with
key <SMPL DATA>.
DATA
edit silo lines:
smpl data
>edit silo lines
>delete silo lines
>delete all silo lines
cycle lines: OFF
save lines: OFF
Entering sample data into the silo memory.
delete silo lines:
Deletes single silo lines.
delete all silo lines:
Deletes the whole silo memory.
The display texts of the Titrino are shown on the left
side. The values are the default values.
>edit silo lines
silo line 1
method:
id#1 or C21
id#2 or C22
id#3 or C23
smpl size 1.0 g
smpl unit: g
Input for silo memory
Silo line (1...255)
The next free line is displayed automatically. Lines
already occupied can be corrected.
Method with which the sample is processed (method
name from the method memory)
If no method name has been entered, the sample is
processed with the method in the working memory.
Selection of the method with <←/→>.
Sample identification 1...3 or sample specific
calculation variables C21...C23 (up to 8 characters)
Sample size (6-digit number: ±X.XXXXX)
The method specific limits are tested on result
calculation.
Unit of sample size (g, mg, mL, µL, pc, no unit or up to
5 characters)
Select unit with <←/→>.
>delete silo lines
delete line n OFF
784 KFP Titrino
Delete individual silo lines
Line number of the line to be deleted (1...255, OFF)
<CLEAR> sets "OFF".
Deleted lines remain in the silo memory. Access is
blocked during the processing. To show that a line has
been deleted, they are marked with "∗". The symbol ∗
indicates that the line has been deleted.
Deleted lines can be reactivated if the appropriate line
is re-edited.
39
2.14 Silo memory for sample data
>delete all silo lines
delete all: no
cycle lines: OFF
save lines: OFF
Delete all silo lines
Confirmation (yes, no)
When all silo lines are deleted, the silo is completely
empty: The line numbering starts again with 1.
With "ON", worked off silo lines will be copied to the
highest line of the silo memory (ON, OFF)
Data cycling "on" is useful if you constantly have to
process the same sample data. In such a case, the
processed silo line is not deleted, but copied to the
next free line, see below. If you work in this mode, you
should not enter any new silo lines during the
determinations.
Store results in the silo memory (ON, OFF)
Determination results will be stored as C24 or C25 in
the silo memory according to the allocations in the
methods, see page 42.
"save lines" can only be set to "OFF" if the silo is
completely empty.
Silo memory with data cycling "on"
1
255
2
35
Silo memory contains 35 lines.
Next free line is 36.
1
255
2
6
35
41
6 of 35 lines have been processed.
The processed lines have been
copied to the end of the silo
memory: your silo is filled up to line
41.
40
784 KFP Titrino
2.15 Storing determination results and silo calculations
2.15 Storing determination results and silo calcula-
tions
2.15.1 Storing determination results
If the sample-specific data of the silo memory should be kept after the determination and
supplemented by results, the following entries are necessary:
1. In the method under <DEF>
Assignment of the determination results to C24 and/or C25:
2. In the silo memory, <SMPL DATA> (when the silo memory is switched in):
"save lines: on"
Assignment of determination results
DEF
2
(
The determination results are assigned in key <DEF>.
The display texts of the Titrino are shown on the left
side.
Calculated results (RSX), endpoints (EPX) or variables
CXX can be stored as C24.
Same procedure for C25.
Important:
Ensure that there is still sufficient space for storing the results C24 and C25. (In the report
<PRINT><USER METH><ENTER> the number of free bytes is shown.) Result name,
value and unit are stored. The memory requirements can be estimated as follows:
Result with text (8 characters) and unit (5 characters):32 bytes
Measured value C40, value without unit:22 bytes
784 KFP Titrino
41
2.15 Storing determination results and silo calculations
After several samples have been processed, the silo memory report can have the
following appearance (printout with <PRINT><SILO><ENTER>):
'si
784 KFP Titrino 02134 784.0010
date 1999-08-15 time 15:03 14
>silo
cycle lines: OFF
save lines: ON
sl method id 1/C21 id 2/C22 id 3/C23 C00 C24 C25
+ 1 11-2 A/12 99-08-12 0.903g 2.6427ml 1.48%
+ 2 11-2 A/13 99-08-12 0.891g 2.6076ml 1.46%
/ 3 11-2 A/14 99-08-12 0.879g 2.5725ml 1.44%
4 11-2 A/15 99-08-12 0.913g NV NV
5 11-2 A/16 99-08-12 0.888g NV NV
processed silo
lines with
saved results
The silo lines can be marked as follows (at very left of report):
+Silo line has been processed. It cannot be edited anymore.
∗A silo line not yet processed has been deleted.
–A processed silo line has been deleted and hence removed from the silo
calculations.
/The last processed silo line. Recalculation will be considered e.g., if the sample data
of this line are changed.
No marking: The silo line is awaiting processing.
For silo lines ≥100, the first digit will be overwritten by the marking.
2.15.2 Silo calculations
Mean value and standard deviation of the results available in the silo memory can
subsequently be calculated over the entire series.
The following details can be entered in the method under <DEF>:
>silo calculations
C24=
C25=
match id: OFF
Silo calculations
Assignment to C24 and C25
Calculated results (RSX), endpoints (EPX) and
variables (CXX) can be stored as C24.
Identical for C25.
Which sample identifications must match in order to
combine of the results (id1, id1&2, all, OFF)
"OFF" means no matching ids, all samples which have
been processed with the same method are combined,
see examples below.
42
784 KFP Titrino
2.15 Storing determination results and silo calculations
Starting from the following silo report:
'si
784 KFP Titrino 02134 784.0010
date 1999-08-15 time 15:03 14
>silo
cycle lines: OFF
save lines: ON
sl method id 1/C21 id 2/C22 id 3/C23 C00 C24 C25
+ 1 11-2 A/12 99-08-12 0.903g 2.6427ml 1.48%
+ 2 0-15 A/13 99-08-12 0.010g 4.9372mg/ml NV
+ 3 0-15 A/13 99-08-12 0.010g 4.9786mg/ml NV
+ 4 11-2 A/12 99-08-12 0.852g 2.4935ml 1.39%
/ 5 11-2 A/15 99-08-12 0.913g 2.6720ml 1.50%
∗
Assignment
for C24 only
∗
∗
with "match id: off" the following silo calculation report (scalc full) is obtained:
:
method id 1/C21 id 2/C22 id 3/C23 mean +/–s n
11-2 * * * Consum. 2.6027ml 0.0957 3
Content 1.46% 0.06 3
0-15 * * * Titer 4.9579 0.0293 2
All samples
which have been
processed with
the same method are combined
With "match id: id1" the following silo calculation report (scalc full) is obtained:
:
method id 1/C21 id 2/C22 id 3/C23 mean +/–s n
11-2 A/12 * * Consum. 2.5681ml 0.1055 2
Content 1.44% 0.06 2
0-15 A/13 * * Titer 4.9579 0.0293 2
11-2 A/15 * * Consum. 2.6720ml 0.000 1
Content 1.50% 0.000 1
Sample processed with the
same method
and having the
same id1 are
combined
The short silo calculation report contains only calculations for the current sample.
:
method id 1/C21 id 2/C22 id 3/C23 mean +/–s n
11-2 A/15 * * Consum. 2.6720ml 0.000 1
Content 1.50% 0.000 1
The mean values of the silo calculations are available for further result calculations as C26
and C27 and can be used in the Titrino in formulas.
Mean value of C24 ⇒ C26
Mean value of C25 ⇒ C27
Important:
• If work is performed with silo calculations, the method name must be entered in the
silo memory.
• Results will be overwritten in the silo recalculation, as long as the silo line is marked
with "/". If you do not wish such an input, e.g. because you work off an urgent sample
between a series, disconnect the silo.
784 KFP Titrino
43
2.16 Manual dosing
DOS
• Calculations and assignments are carried out in the following order:
1. Calculation of the results RSX
2. Calculation of means MNX
3. Assignment of silo results C24 and C25
4. Silo calculations
5. Assignment of means C26 and C27 from silo calculations
6. Assignment of common variables C3X
2.16 Manual dosing
With <DOS>, the internal buret will dose as long as
<DOS> is pressed. The dosing rate can be set with
the analog potentiometer at the Titrino.
44
784 KFP Titrino
3 Operation via RS232 Interface
3.1 General rules
The Titrino has an extensive remote control facility that allows full control of
the Titrino via the RS 232 interface, i.e. the Titrino can receive data from an
external controller or send data to an external controller. CR and LF are used
as terminators for the data transfer. The Titrino sends 2xCR and LF as termination of a data block, to differentiate between a data line which has CR and
LF as terminators. The controller terminates its commands with CR and LF. If
more than one command per line is sent by the controller, ";" is used as a
separator between the individual commands.
The data are grouped logically and easy to understand. Thus e.g., for the selection of the dialog language, the following must be sent
&Config.Aux.Language "english"
whereby it is sufficient to only transmit the boldface characters, thus:
&C.A.L "english"
3.1 General rules
The quantities of the commands above are:
Configconfiguration data
Auxauxiliaries, various data
Languagesetting the dialog language
The data are hierarchically structured (tree form). The quantities that occur in
this tree are called objects in the following. The dialog language is an object
which can be called up with the
&Config.Aux.Language
command.
If one is in the desired location in the tree, the value of the object can be queried.
&Config.Aux.Language $Q Q means Query
The query command $Q initiates the issuing of the value on the instrument
and the value emission is triggered. Entries which start with $, trigger something. They are thus called triggers.
Values of objects can not only be queried, they can also be modified. Values
are always entered in quotes, for example:
&Config.Aux.Language "english"
784 KFP Titrino
45
3.1 General rules
3.1.1 Call up of objects
An excerpt from the object tree is represented below:
3rd node
2nd node
1st node
0st node
LanguageProg
Aux
Config
RSSet
&
Root
RulesExample
The root of the tree is designated by &.
The branches (levels) of a tree are marked with
a dot (.) when calling up an object.
When calling up an object, it is sufficient to give
only as many letters as necessary to uniquely
assign the object. If the call is not unequivocal,
Calling up the dialog language
&Config.Aux.Language or &C.A.L
the first object in the series will be recognized.
Mode
Upper- or lowercase letters may be used.&C.A.L or &c.a.l
To an object a value can be assigned. Values
are signified at the beginning and end by quotes
Entering the dialog language:
&C.A.L"english"
("). They may contain up to 24 ASCII characters.
Numerical values can contain up to 6 digits, a
correct entry of numbers:
"0.1"
negative sign, and a decimal point. Numbers
with more than 6 characters are not accepted;
more than 4 decimal places are rounded off. For
incorrect entry of numbers
"1,5" or "+3" or ".1"
numbers <1, it is necessary to enter leading
zeros.
The current object remains until a new object is
called.
New objects can be addressed relative to the
old object:
entry of another dialog language:
"deutsch"
From the root to node 'Aux': &C.A
Forward from node 'Aux' to 'Prog': .P
A preceding dot leads forwards to the next level
in the tree.
More than one preceding dot leads one level
backwards in the tree. n node backwards re-
Jump from node 'Prog' to node 'Aux' and select
a new object 'Language' at this level: ..L
quire n+1 preceding dots.
If you must jump back to the root, enter a preceding &.
Change from node 'Language' via the root to
node 'Mode': &M
46
784 KFP Titrino
3.1 General rules
3.1.2 Triggers
Triggers initiate an action on the Titrino, for example, starting a process or
sending data. Triggers are marked by the introductory symbol $.
The following triggers are possible:
$GGoStarts processes, e.g. starting the mode run or setting the RS 232 interface
parameters
$SStopStops processes
$HHoldHolds processes
$CContinueContinues processes after Hold
$QQueryQueries all information from the current node in the tree forward up to and
including the values
$Q.PPathQueries the path from the root of the tree up to the current node
$Q.HHighestQueries the number of son nodes of the current node
Index
$Q.N"i"NameQueries the name of the son node with index i, i = 1 – n
$DDetail-InfoQueries the detailed status information
$UqUitAborts the data flow of the instrument, for example, after $Q
The triggers $G and $S are linked to particular objects, see the summary table
page 52ff.
All other triggers can be used at any time and at all locations on the object
tree.
Examples:
Querying the value of the baud rate: &Config.RSSet.Baud $Q
Querying all values of the node "RSSet": &Config.RSSet $Q
Querying the path of the node "RSSet": &Config.RSSet $Q.P
Start mode: &Mode $G
Querying the detailed status: $D
784 KFP Titrino
47
3.1 General rules
3.1.3 Status messages
In order to have an efficient control by an external control device, it must also
be possible to query status conditions; they provide information on the status
of the Titrino. The trigger $D initiates output of the status. Status messages
consist of the global status, the detailed status and eventual error messages,
e.g. $S.Mode.KFT;E26. The global status informs on the activity of the process, while the detailed status conditions show the exact activity within the
process.
The following global status conditions are possible:
$GGo:The Titrino is executing the last command.
$HHold:The Titrino has been held ($H, key <meas/hold> or by an error which
effects the hold status).
$CContinue:The Titrino has been restarted actively after hold.
$RReady:The Titrino has executed the last command and is ready.
$SStop:A process has been aborted in an "unnatural manner". e.g. stopped or aborted
because there was an error.
Detailed status conditions
Status conditions of the global $G:
$G .Mode.KFT .Inac:Instrument at the beginning or at the end of a titration.
.Req .Id1:Instrument in the KFT mode, requesting Id1 after start.
.Id2:Instrument in the KFT mode, requesting Id2 after start.
.Id3:Instrument in the KFT mode, requesting Id3 after start.
.Smpl: Instrument in the KFT mode, requesting sample size after start.
.Unit: Instrument in the KFT mode, requesting unit of sample size after start.
.Start:Instrument in the KFT mode, processing the start conditions.
.KFT1:Instrument in the KFT mode, titrating to the first endpoint.
.Cond.Ok:Instrument in the KFT, conditioning, endpoint reached (after the first
startup from the standby mode).
.Cond.Prog: Instrument in the KFT mode, conditioning, endpoint not reached
(Conditioning progressing).
$G .Assembly.Bur .Fill: Buret in filling process
.ModeDis: Buret in DIS mode
Status conditions of the global $H:
The status message of the action which has been held appears.
If the process is held because a monitored limit has been violated, its status
message is $H.Mode.KFT.Titr.
Status conditions of the global $C:
The status conditions of the global $C are identical with the ones of the global
status $G. They appear when the process has been restarted actively from
the status "Hold" ($C, key <meas/hold> or automatically after elimination of
an error).
Status conditions of the global $R:
$R .Mode.KFT.QuickMeas:Quick manual measurement from the initial status in mode KFT.
$R .Mode.KFT .Inac:Instrument in the KFT mode, inactive.
.Cond.Ok:Instrument in the KFT mode, conditioning, endpoint reached.
.Cond.Prog: Instrument in the KFT mode, conditioning, endpoint not reached.
$R .Assembly.Bur.ModeDis: Buret in the DIS mode, inactive.
48
784 KFP Titrino
3.1 General rules
Status conditions of the global $S:
$S .Mode.KFT.QuickMeas:Quick manual measurement from the initial status in mode KFT.
The instrument gives the status from which it has been stopped. The detailed
status information is therefore identical the information for the global status
$G.
Violation of monitored limits with action "end" give the status message
$S.Mode.KFT.Inac;EYYY.
3.1.4 Error messages
Error messages are added to the status messages and separated from them
by the sign ";".
E20Check exchange unit.
Exit: Mount Exchange Unit (properly) or &m $S.
E21Check electrode, short circuit.
Exit: Rectify fault or &m $S.
E22Check electrode, break.
Exit: Rectify fault or &m $S.
E23Division by zero.
Exit: The error message disappears on next startup or on recalculation.
E26Manual stop.
Exit: The error message disappears on next startup.
E27Stop V reached in KFT.
Exit: The error message disappears on next startup.
E28Wrong object call up.
Exit: Send correct path for object. Start path at root.
E29Wrong value or no value allowed.
Exit: Send correct value or call up new object.
E30Wrong trigger, this trigger is not allowed or carrying-out of action not
possible.
Exit: Send correct trigger (exception: $D) or call up new object.
E31Command is not possible in active status. Repeat command in inactive
status.
Exit: Send new command.
E32Command is not possible during titration. Repeat command during the
conditioning phase or in inactive status.
Exit: Send new command.
E33Value has been corrected automatically.
Exit: Send new command.
E34Instrument at the end of the titration and sample data is edited; the instrument
at rest or editing during filling.
Exit: &m $S.
784 KFP Titrino
49
3.1 General rules
RS receive errors:
E36Parity.
Exit: <QUIT> and ensure settings of appropriate parameters at
both devices are the same.
E37Framing error.
Exit: <QUIT> and ensure settings of appropriate parameters at
both devices are the same.
E38Overrun error. At least 1 character could not be read.
Exit: <QUIT>
E39The internal working-off buffer of the Titrino is full
(>82 characters).
Exit: <QUIT>
RS send errors:
E42CTS=OFF No proper handshake for more than 1 s.
Exit: <QUIT> Is the receiver switched on and ready to receive?
E43The transmission of the Titrino has been interrupted with XOFF for
at least 6 s.
Exit: Send XON or <QUIT>
E45The receive buffer of the Titrino contains an incomplete command
(LF missing). Sending from the Titrino is therefore blocked.
Exit: Send LF or <QUIT>.
E121Measuring point list overflow (more than 500 measuring points).
Exit: The error message disappears on next startup.
E123Missing EP for calculation.
Exit: The error message disappears on next startup or on
recalculation.
E128No new mean.
Exit: The error message disappears on next startup or on
recalculation.
E129No new common variable, old value remains.
Exit: The error message disappears on next startup or on
recalculation.
E130Wrong sample. For KFT with preset titration direction the first
measured value lies behind the endpoint.
Exit: The error message disappears on next startup.
E132Silo empty and it has been started with open silo or empty silo has
been opened.
Exit: Send a silo entry.
E133Silo full.
Exit: Send new command.
E137XXX Bytes are missing so that the method or the silo line could not be stored.
Exit: Send new command.
E155No new silo result (C24 or C25).
Exit: The error message disappears on next start or on recalculation.
50
784 KFP Titrino
3.1 General rules
E196Result is out of limits.
Exit: The error message disappears on next start or on recalculation.
E197Sample size is out of limits.
Exit: The error message disappears on next start or on introduction of new
sample size.
E198Validation interval is expired.
Exit: The error message disappears on next start or clear counter with
&Config.Monitoring.Validation.ClearCount $G.
E199Service date is reached.
Exit: The error message disappears on next start or change date in
&Config.Monitoring.Service.Date.
E203No Oven parameters: Oven not (correctly) connected.
Exit: The error message disappears on next start. If you don't wish oven
parameters in your report, select &Mode.Parameter.Presel.Oven "no" in your
method(s).
E212Transmission error from Remote Box. Unknown characters.
Exit: Rectify error and switch Titrino off and on again.
E213Time-out error from PC keyboard (Remote Box)
Exit: Rectify error and switch Titrino off and on again.
E214Check Remote Box. Remote Box not (properly) connected but activated in
&Config.Periph.RemoteBox.
Exit: Rectify error and switch Titrino off and on again.
784 KFP Titrino
51
3.2 Remote control commands
3.2 Remote control commands
3.2.1 Overview
The internal object tree can be divided into the following branches:
& Root
à ModeMethod parameters
à UserMethAdministration of the internal user-memory for methods
à ConfigInstrument configuration
à SmplDataSample specific data
à HotkeyKeys with direct access
à InfoCurrent Data
à AssemblyComponent data
à SetupSetting the operating mode
À DiagnosisDiagnostics program
à HotKeyKeys with direct access
:Ã .UserUser name3.2.2.59.
³ Ã .NameInput of user nameup to 10 ASCII charditto
³ Ã .DeleteDelete user$Gditto
³ ³ Ã .NameInput of user nameup to 10 ASCII charditto
³ Ã .DelAllDelete all users$Gditto
³ Ã .ListList of users
³ ³ Ã .1User 1
³ ³ ³ Ã .NameName of userread onlyditto
³ ³ Ã up to 99
784 KFP Titrino
59
3.2 Remote control commands
&Info
ObjectDescriptionInput rangeReference
& Root
:
à InfoCurrent data
:Ã .ReportTransmission of formatted reports $G3.2.2.60.
³ Ã .SelectReport typeconfiguration, parameters,
³smpl data, statistics, silo,
³C-fmla, def, user method,
³full, short, mplist, curve,
³scalc full, scalc srt, calc,
³all, ffditto
³
à .ChecksumsChecksums$G3.2.2.61.
³ Ã .MPListChecksum of meas.point listread only ditto
³ Ã .ActualMethodChecksum of current methodread only ditto
³
à .DetermDataDetermination data$G3.2.2.62.
³ Ã .WriteRead/write for several nodsON, OFF
³ Ã .ExVVolume of Exchange/Dosing unitread only/read+writeditto
³ Ã .MPListMeasuring point list
³ ³ Ã .1Measuring point 1
³ ³ ³ Ã .AttributeAttributeread only/read+writeditto
³ ³ ³ Ã .XX coordinateread only/read+writeditto
³ ³ ³ Ã .YY coordinateread only/read+writeditto
³ ³ ³ Ã .Z1Z1 coordinateread only/read+writeditto
³ ³ ³ Ã .Z2Z2 coordinateread only/read+writeditto
³ ³ ³for each measuring point
³
à .TitrResultsTitration results
³ Ã .RSCalculated results
³ ³ Ã .11
st
result
³ ³ ³ Ã .ValueValueread only3.2.2.63.
³ ³ Ã up to 9 results
³ Ã .EPEndpoint
³ ³ Ã .11
à .StatisticsValStatistics values
³ Ã .ActNNumber of results in chartread only3.2.2.64.
³ Ã .11
st
mean
³ ³ Ã .MeanMeanread only ditto
³ ³ Ã .StdAbsolute standard deviationread only ditto
³ ³ Ã .RelStdRelative standard deviationread only ditto
³ Ã up to 9 mean values
³
à .SiloCalcValues of silo calculations
³ Ã .C24Values of variable C24
³ ³ Ã .NameNameread only3.2.2.65.
³ ³ Ã .ValueValueread only ditto
³ ³ Ã .UnitUnitread only ditto
³ Ã .C25as for C24
³ Ã .C26Values of variable C26
³ ³ Ã .ActNNumber of single valuesread onlyditto
³ ³ Ã .MeanMean valueread only ditto
³ ³ Ã .StdAbsolute standard deviationread only ditto
³ ³ Ã .RelStdRelative standard deviationread only ditto
³ Ã .C27as for C26
³
à .ActualInfoCurrent data
³ Ã .InputsI/O Inputs
³ ³ Ã .StatusLine statusread only3.2.2.66.
³ ³ Ã .ChangeChange of line statusread only ditto
³ ³ Ã .ClearClear change$G ditto
³ Ã .Outputsas for I/O Inputs
³ Ã .AssemblyFrom Assembly
³ ³ Ã .CyclNoCycle numberread only3.2.2.67.
³ ³ Ã .CounterAssembly counterread only3.2.2.68.
³ ³ ³ Ã .VVolume counterread onlyditto
³ ³ ³ Ã .ClearClears counter$Gditto
³ ³ Ã .MeasMeasured valueread only3.2.2.69.
³ Ã .TitratorFrom Titrator
³ ³ Ã .CyclNoCycle numberread only3.2.2.70.
³ ³ Ã .VVolumeread only ditto
³ ³ Ã .MeasMeasured indicator voltageread only ditto
³ ³ Ã .dVdtVolume drift dV/dtread only ditto
³ ³ Ã .dMeasdtMeasured value driftread only ditto
³ ³ Ã .dMeasdV1st deviation of titration curveread only ditto
³ Ã .MeasPtEntry in measuring point list
³ ³ Ã .IndexIndex of entryread only3.2.2.71.
³ ³ Ã .XX coordinateread only ditto
³ ³ Ã .YY coordinateread only ditto
³ ³ Ã .Z1Z1 coordinateread only ditto
³ ³ Ã .Z2Z2 coordinateread only ditto
³ Ã .EPEP entry
³ ³ Ã .IndexIndex of entryread only ditto
³ ³ Ã .XX coordinateread only ditto
³ ³ Ã .YY coordinateread only ditto
784 KFP Titrino
61
3.2 Remote control commands
"Info", continuation
³ Ã .OvenOven data
³ ³ Ã .HeatTimeHeating timeread only3.2.2.72.
³ ³ Ã .SampleTemp Sample temperatureread onlyditto
³ ³ Ã .LowTempLowest temperatureread onlyditto
³ ³ Ã .HighTempHighest temperatureread onlyditto
³ ³ Ã .GasFlowGas flowread onlyditto
³ ³ Ã .UnitFlowUnit of gas flowread onlyditto
³ Ã .DisplayDisplay
³ ³ Ã .L1Text line 1up to 32 ASCII char3.2.2.73.
³ ³ Ã up to line 8
³ ³ Ã .DelAllDelete display$G ditto
³ Ã .ComportComport
³ ³ Ã .NumberCOM where PC is connectedread only3.2.2.74.
³
à .AssemblyAssembly
³ Ã CycleTimeCycle timeread only3.2.2.75.
³ Ã ExVVolume of Exchange/Dosing unitread only ditto
62
784 KFP Titrino
3.2 Remote control commands
&Assembly
ObjectDescriptionInput rangeReference
& Root
:
à AssemblyAssembly control
à . BurBuret
³ Ã .RatesRates
³ ³ Ã .ForwardForward rate
³ ³ ³ Ã .SelectType of rate controldigital, analog3.2.2.76.
³ ³ ³ Ã .DigitalDigital rate0...150, max. ditto
³ ³ Ã .Reverseas for forward rate
³ ³ ³ Ã .SelectType of rate controldigital, analog ditto
³ ³ ³ Ã .DigitalDigital rate0...150, max. ditto
³ Ã .FillFill$G,$H,$C3.2.2.77.
³ Ã .ModeDisDispensing$G,$S,$H,$C3.2.2.78.
³ ³ Ã .SelectType of dispensing controlvolume, time ditto
³ ³ Ã .VVolume to be dispensed0.0001...0.1...9999 ditto
³ ³ Ã .TimeTime to dispense0.25...1...86 400 ditto
³ ³ Ã .VStopLimit volume0.0001...9999, OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã .AutoFillFilling after each incrementON, OFF ditto
³
à .MeasMeasuring
³ Ã .StatusMeasuring ON/OFFON, OFF3.2.2.79.
³ Ã .MeasInputSelection of measuring inputIpol, Upolditto
³ Ã .IpolPolarization current0...1...±127 ditto
³ Ã .UpolPolarization voltage0...400...±1270 ditto
³
à .OutputsI/O outputs
³ Ã .AutoEODAutomatic output of EODON, OFF3.2.2.80.
³ Ã .SetLinesSet I/O lines$G ditto
³ ³ Ã .L0Signal on L0active,inactive,pulse,OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã up to L13
³ Ã .ResetLinesReset I/O lines$G ditto
³
à .StirrerStirrerON, OFF3.2.2.81.
³
784 KFP Titrino
63
3.2 Remote control commands
&Setup
ObjectDescriptionInput rangeReference
& Root
:
à SetupSettings for the operating mode
à .ComportOutput of automatic info1,2,1&23.2.2.82.
à .KeycodeSend key codeON, OFF3.2.2.83.
à .TreeSending format of path info
³ Ã .ShortShort format of pathON, OFF3.2.2.84.
³ Ã .ChangedOnlyPaths of modified nodes only ON, OFFditto
³
à .TraceMessage on changed valuesON, OFF3.2.2.85.
³
à .LockLock key functions
³ Ã .KeyboardLock all keyboard keysON, OFF3.2.2.86.
³ Ã .ConfigLock <CONFIG> key ON, OFF ditto
³ Ã .ParameterLock <PARAM> keyON, OFF ditto
³ Ã .SmplDataLock <SMPL DATA> keyON, OFF ditto
³ Ã .UserMethLock functions
³ ³ Ã .RecallLock “loading”ON, OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã .StoreLock “saving”ON, OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã .DeleteLock “deletion”ON, OFF ditto
³ À .DisplayLock display functionON, OFF ditto
³
à .ModeSetting waiting intervals
³ Ã .StartWaitWaiting time after startON, OFF3.2.2.87.
³ Ã .FinWaitWaiting time after runON, OFF ditto
³
à .SendMeasAutomatic sending of measured values
³ Ã .SendStatusConnect/disconnect sendingON, OFF3.2.2.88.
³ Ã .IntervalTime interval0.08...4...16200, ditto
³MPList
³ Ã .SelectSelectionAssembly, Titrator3.2.2.89.
³ Ã .AssemblyFrom assembly
³ ³ Ã .CyclNoCycle numberON, OFF3.2.2.90.
³ ³ Ã .VVolumeON, OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã .MeasMeasured indicator voltageON, OFF ditto
³ Ã .TitratorFrom Titrator
³ ³ Ã .CyclNoCycle numberON, OFF3.2.2.91.
³ ³ Ã .VVolumeON, OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã .MeasMeasured indicator voltageON, OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã .dVdtVolume drift dV/dtON, OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã .dMeasdtMeasured value driftON, OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã .dMeasdV1st deviation of titration curveON, OFF ditto
³
64
784 KFP Titrino
3.2 Remote control commands
"Setup", continuation
à .AutoInfoAutomatic message for changes3.2.2.92.
³ Ã .StatusSwitch AutoInfo on/off ON, OFF ditto
³ Ã .PWhen mains is switched onON, OFF ditto
³ Ã .TTitrator infos
³ ³ Ã .RWhen "ready"ON, OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã .GWhen method startedON, OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã .GCWhen start is initiatedON, OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã .SWhen stoppedON, OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã .BBegin of methodON, OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã .FEnd of processON, OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã .EErrorON, OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã .HWhen "hold"ON, OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã .CContinue after "hold"ON, OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã .OConditioning OKON, OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã .NConditioning not OKON, OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã .ReRequest after startON, OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã .SiSilo emptyON, OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã .MEntry in measuring point listON, OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã .EPEntry in EP listON, OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã .RCRecalculation of results doneON, OFF ditto
³ Ã .CComport infos
³ ³ Ã .B1When COM1 sends a reportON, OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã .R1When COM1 is ready againON, OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã .B2When COM2 sends a reportON, OFF ditto
³ ³ Ã .R2When COM2 is ready againON, OFF ditto
³ Ã .IChanging an I/O inputON, OFF ditto
³ Ã .OChanging an I/O outputON, OFF ditto
³
à .GraphicsChanging the curve output
³ Ã .GridGrid on curveON, OFF3.2.2.93.
³ Ã .FrameFrame on curveON, OFF ditto
³ Ã .ScaleType of depending axisFull, Auto ditto
³ Ã .RecorderLength of axes
³ ³ Ã .RightLength of meas value axis0.2...0.5...1.00 ditto
³ ³ Ã .FeedLength of paper drive axis0.01...0.05...1.00 ditto
³
à .PowerOnRESET (power on)$G3.2.2.94.
à .InitialiseSet default values$G3.2.2.95.
³ Ã .SelectSelection of branchActMeth,Config,Silo,
³Assembly,Setup,All ditto
à .RamInitInitialization of working mem.$G3.2.2.96.
à .InstrNoDevice Identification$G3.2.2.97.
à .ValueInput of device identification8 ASCII characters ditto
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65
3.2 Remote control commands
&Diagnose
ObjectDescriptionInput rangeReference
& Root
:
à DiagnoseDiagnose
à .ReportOutput of adjustment parameters$G3.2.2.98.
66
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3.2 Remote control commands
3.2.2 Description of the remote control commands
3.2.2.1.Mode$G, $S, $H, $C
Start and stop ($G, $S) or hold of the current method (3.2.2.3) with $H and
continue with $C.
$G also serves to continue after inquiries of identifications and sample size
after the start (see 3.2.2.26).
3.2.2.2.Mode.QuickMeas$G, $S
Start and stop of a measurement in the basic mode with the parameters
(measured quantity, measuring input) of the current method. Corresponds to
the <meas/hold> key.
With an ongoing measurement, the current mode can be started. This stops
the measurement automatically.
3.2.2.3.Mode.SelectKFT
Mode.KFTQuantityIpol, Upol
Selection of the standard mode. Mode and the measured quantity belong to
the complete selection.
If a method is selected from the method memory, the nodes &Mode.Select
and &Mode.XXXQuantity are overwritten with mode and measured quantity of
the corresponding user method.
3.2.2.4.Mode.Nameread only
Name of the current method in the working memory. $Q sends 8 ASCII characters. Standard methods carry the name ********. The node can be set
read + write, see 3.2.2.62.
Mode.Def.Formulas.1.TextRSup to 8 ASCII characters
Mode.Def.Formulas.1.Decimal0...2...5
Mode.Def.Formulas.1.Unitup to 6 ASCII characters
Mode.Def.Formulas.1.LimitsON, OFF
Mode.Def.Formulas.1.Outputactive, pulse, OFF
Mode.Def.Formulas.2.Formula
etc. up to .9
Entry of formulas. Rules for formula entry, see page 25.
Example: "(EP2–EP1)∗C01/C00"
In addition to the formula, a text for result output, the number of decimal
places and a unit for the result output can be selected. "No unit" is selected
with the blank string.
In place of "RSX", a result name may be entered (.TextRS). This name is outputted in the report full, short, scalc full and scalc srt. It is used for the result
and the corresponding mean value.
784 KFP Titrino
67
3.2 Remote control commands
The limit control for results can also be activated. If a result is out of limit, a
message appears in the result report, E196 is sent, and output line L13 can
be set.
3.2.2.6.Mode.Def.SiloCalc.Assign.C24RSX, EPX, CXX
.Assign.C2X: Assignment to store results in the silo as C2X.
.MatchId:Indication which sample identification(s) have to match so that
3.2.2.7.Mode.Def.ComVar.C30RSX, MNX, EPX, CXX
Assignment of common variables.
The values of the common variables are to be found in &Config.ComVar. They
can be viewed and entered there, see 3.2.2.50.
Mode.Def.SiloCalc.Assign.C25RSX, EPX, CXX
Mode.Def.SiloCalc.MatchIdid1, id1&2, all, OFF
Definition of the report sequence, which is outputted automatically at the end
of the determination. Entries of more than one block have to be separated
with ";".
.Assign1: Output to COM1 of the Titrino. Identical for COM2.
3.2.2.9.Mode.Def.Mean.1.AssignRS1, RSX, EPX, CXX
Mode.Def.Mean.2.Assign
etc., up to .9
Assignment of the statistics calculations. Valid assignments are a requirement for statistics calculations. In addition, the statistics calculation must be
switched on, see 3.2.2.24. Rules for statistics calculations see page29.
3.2.2.10. Mode.CFmla
Mode.CFmla.1.Value0...±999999
Mode.CFmla.2.Value
etc., up to .19
Calculation constants specific to a method. Stored in the method memory of
the Titrino. Operands specific to the sample (3.2.2.52 and 3.2.2.63) and values of common variables (3.2.2.50) on the other hand are not stored with the
methods.
Mode.Parameter.CtrlPara.Stop.StopT0...99999, OFF
Type and size of the stop criterion of the titration.
.Type: Type of stop criterion after stop drift or switch-off delay time.
.Drift: Stop drift in µL/min. Applies when "drift" has been selected.
.Time: Switch-off delay time in s. Applies when "time" has been selected.
"inf." means infinite.
.StopT: Stop time in s. Applies when "time" has been selected and the value
of .Time is set to "inf.".
3.2.2.14. Mode.Parameter.TitrPara.Direction+, –, auto
Titration direction.
"auto" means the titration direction is determined automatically by the instrument.
3.2.2.15. Mode.Parameter.TitrPara.XPause0...999999
Pause time in s. Runs before dosing the start volume.
784 KFP Titrino
69
3.2 Remote control commands
3.2.2.16. Mode.Parameter.TitrPara.StartV.Typeabs., rel., OFF
Start volume.
If an absolute start volume (abs.) has been selected, the volume in mL is
valid.
A relative start volume (rel.) is dispensed as a function of the sample size:
Start volume in mL = smpl size ∗ factor
The factor is valid.
The dispensing rate in mL/min applies to both cases. Max. means maximum
possible dispensing rate with the Exchange Unit in current use.
3.2.2.17. Mode.Parameter.TitrPara.Pause0...999999
Pause time in s. Is waited off after the dispensing of the start volume.
3.2.2.18. Mode.Parameter.TitrPara.ExtrT0...999999
Extraction time in s.
3.2.2.19. Mode.Parameter.TitrPara.Ipol–127...50...+127
Mode.Parameter.TitrPara.Upol–1270...400...+1270
Mode.Parameter.TitrPara.PolElectrTestON, OFF
With Ipol, the inquiries for the polarization current in µA (Ipol) and
.PolElectrTest are valid.
With Upol, the inquiry for the polarization voltage in mV (Upol) is valid. Entry
in steps of 10 mV.
Besides .PolElectrTest is valid.
If the test for polarized electrodes is switched on, it is performed on changeover from the inactive state to an active state (titration or conditioning).
Time interval in s for the entry of a measurement point in the list of measured
points.
70
784 KFP Titrino
3.2 Remote control commands
3.2.2.22. Mode.Parameter.StopCond.VStop.Typeabs., rel., OFF
Mode.Parameter.StopCond.VStop.V0...99.99...9999.99
Mode.Parameter.StopCond.VStop.Factor0...±999999
Stop volume.
If an absolute stop volume (abs.) has been selected, the volume in mL is
valid.
A relative stop volume (rel.) is dispensed as a function of the sample size:
Stop volume in mL = smpl size ∗ factor
The factor is valid.
OFF means that the criterion is not monitored.
Filling rate in the titration in mL/min. Max. means maximum possible filling
rate with the Exchange Unit in current use.
3.2.2.24. Mode.Parameter.Statistics.StatusON, OFF
Mode.Parameter.Statistics.MeanN2...20
Mode.Parameter.Statistics.ResTab.Selectedoriginal, delete n,
delete all
Mode.Parameter.Statistics.ResTab.DelN1...20
Entries for the statistics calculations.
.Status:On/off switching. Requirement for statistics calculations is a valid
assignment, see 3.2.2.9.
.MeanN:Number of individual results for statistics calculations.
.ResTab.Select: Selection of the table for the statistics calculations.
original: Original table. The original table is (again) set up, i.e. any
individual results which have been deleted are reincorporated
in the statistics calculations.
delete n: Single result lines are removed from the statistics calcu-
lation. All results of the corresponding line in the statistics
table are deleted. Specification of the line number in
.ResTab.DelN.
delete all: Clear entire statistics table. The results can not be reac-
tivated.
.ResTab.DelN: Specification of the line number to be deleted.
784 KFP Titrino
3.2.2.25. Mode.Parameter.Presel.CondON, OFF
Mode.Parameter.Presel.DriftDispON, OFF
Mode.Parameter.Presel.DCor.Typeauto, man., OFF
Mode.Parameter.Presel.DCor.Value0.0...99.9
.Cond: Conditioning ON/OFF
.DriftDisp: Drift display during conditioning ON/OFF.
.DCor.Type: Type of drift take-over for the drift correction. auto: Take-over of
the drift value at start.
.DCor.Value: Drift value for the manual drift correction.
71
3.2 Remote control commands
3.2.2.26. Mode.Parameter.Presel.IReqid1, id1&2, all, OFF
Automatic inquiry after the start of the determination. From such an inquiry,
the determination continues if the requested entry/entries is/are made, e.g.
&SmplData.OFFSilo.Id1 (see 3.2.2.52) or with &M $G, see 3.2.2.1.
$H is not possible in requests.
3.2.2.27. Mode.Parameter.Presel.LimSmplSize.StatusON, OFF
Limit control for the sample size.
3.2.2.28. Mode.Parameter.Presel.OvenCOM1, COM2, no
If an oven is connected, its result will be incorporated into the result report of
the Titrino. If there is no oven connected via RS232, the setting of this parameter has to be "no".
3.2.2.29. Mode.Parameter.Presel.ActPulsfirst, all, cond., OFF
Output of a pulse on the I/O line "Activate", see page 126.
3.2.2.30. UserMeth.FreeMemread only
Memory space, available for user methods or silo lines. $Q sends the number
of free bytes, e.g. "4928".
3.2.2.31. UserMeth.Recall$G
UserMeth.Recall.Nameup to 8 ASCII characters
UserMeth.Store$G
UserMeth.Store.Nameup to 8 ASCII characters
UserMeth.Delete$G
UserMeth.Delete.Nameup to 8 ASCII characters
UserMeth.DelAll$G
Management of the internal method memory: Load, store and delete methods.
An action is performed if "$G" is sent to the corresponding node just after
entering the name.
Do not use blank characters before and after method name!
.DelAll: Deletes all methods in the user memory.
72
784 KFP Titrino
3.2 Remote control commands
3.2.2.32. UserMeth.List.1.Nameread only
UserMeth.List.1.Moderead only
UserMeth.List.1.Quantityread only
UserMeth.List.1.DosUnitread only
UserMeth.List.1.Bytesread only
UserMeth.List.1.Checksumread only
for each method
List of the methods in the user method memory with the following characteristics:
.Name:Name of the method
.Mode:Mode
.Quantity: Measured quantity
.DosUnit:Buret of the method
.Bytes:Number of bytes of the user memory used by the method
.Checksum: Checksum of the method, see 3.2.2.61.
3.2.2.33. Config.Monitoring.Validation.StatusON, OFF
Config.Monitoring.Validation.Interval1...365...9999
Config.Monitoring.Validation.Counter0...9999
Config.Monitoring.Validation.ClearCount$G
Monitoring of validation.
.Interval:Time interval in days for validation.
.Counter:Time counter in days since last validation.
.ClearCount: Clears the above counter.
3.2.2.34. Config.Monitoring.Service.StatusON, OFF
Config.Monitoring.Service.DateYYYY-MM-DD
Monitoring of service interval.
3.2.2.35. Config.Monitoring.DiagRepON, OFF
Printing of system test report after each switching on of the Titrino.
3.2.2.36. Config.PeriphUnit.CharSet1Epson, Seiko, Citizen, HP, IBM
Config.PeriphUnit.CharSet2
Selection of the character set and the graphics control characters for COM1
resp. COM2 of the Titrino.
IBM means the IBM character set following character set table 437 and IBM
graphics control characters. Select 'IBM' for work with the computer.
3.2.2.37. Config.PeriphUnit.RepToComport1, 2, 1&2
Selection of COM of the Titrino where manually triggered reports should be
outputted.
3.2.2.39. Config.PeriphUnit.StirrerON, OFF
Automatic stirrer control. With "ON" the stirrer will be switched on after starting a method. At the end of the method it is switched off again.
3.2.2.40. Config.PeriphUnit.RemoteBox.StatusON, OFF
Connections via Remote Box.
.Status:Select if a Remote Box is connected.
.Keyboard: Type of keyboard which is connected to the Remote Box.
.Barcode: Select target in Titrino where you wish to have the string from the
Date and time.
Input format of the date: Year-month-day, two-digit, enter leading zeros.
Input format for the time: Hours:minutes, two-digit, enter leading zeros.
Date and time have to be set with &Config.Aux.Set $G just after entry of the
value.
3.2.2.43. Config.Aux.RunNo0...9999
Current sample number.
Set to 0 on power on and initialization. After 9999, counting starts again at 0.
3.2.2.44. Config.Aux.AutoStart1...9999, OFF
Number of automatic, internal starts.
3.2.2.45. Config.Aux.StartDelay0...999999
Start delay time in s. During this time, the data of the preceding determination
are retained.
74
3.2.2.46. Config.Aux.ResDisplaybold, standard
Character set for the result display at the end of the determination.
784 KFP Titrino
3.2 Remote control commands
3.2.2.47. Config.Aux.DevNameup to 8 ASCII characters
Name of the instrument for connections with several units. It is advisable to
use only the letters A...Z (ASCII No. 65...90), a...z (ASCII No. 97...122) and
the numbers 0...9 (ASCII No. 48...57) when the function Setup.AutoInfo
(3.2.2.92) is used at the same time.
If a name has been entered, it will be printed out in the result report (full,
short).
3.2.2.48. Config.Aux.Progread only
Output of the program version.
The Titrino sends "784.0010" on requests with $Q.
$G sets all RS settings. The changes are performed only if the instrument is
inactive. After the setting of the interface parameters, wait at least 2 s to allow
the components to equilibrate.
Settings of the values for the data transmission via the RS interface: baud
rate, data bit, stop bit, parity and type of handshake, see also page 90ff. Baud
rates >9600 need a PC which is equipped accordingly (e.g. with 16550
component).
The setting of the values must be initiated with $G immediately after entry of
the values.
784 KFP Titrino
3.2.2.50. Config.ComVar.C30
with up to .C39, etc.0... ±999999
Values of the common variables from C30 up to C39. Insert the common
variables directly or describe the determination results directly from the
method, see 3.2.2.7.
3.2.2.51. SmplData.StatusON, OFF
On/off switching of silo memory. When the silo memory is switched on, the
sample data are fetched from the lowest valid silo line.
75
3.2 Remote control commands
3.2.2.52. SmplData.OFFSilo.Id1up to 8 ASCII characters
Current sample data.
The identifications Id1...Id3 can be used in formulas as sample-specific calculation constants C21...C23.
If "no unit" is desired for the unit of the sample size, the blank string must be
entered.
3.2.2.53. SmplData.ONSilo.Counter.MaxLinesread only
Information on silo memory.
.MaxLines: Maximum possible number of silo lines.
.FirstLine: Lowest valid silo line.
.LastLine: Last occupied silo line.
SmplData.OFFSilo.Id2up to 8 ASCII characters
SmplData.OFFSilo.Id3up to 8 ASCII characters
SmplData.OFFSilo.ValSmpl6-digits, sign and decimal point
SmplData.OFFSilo.UnitSmplup to 5 ASCII characters
SmplData.ONSilo.Counter.FirstLineread only
SmplData.ONSilo.Counter.LastLineread only
3.2.2.54. SmplData.ONSilo.EditLine.1.Methodup to 8 ASCII characters
SmplData.ONSilo.EditLine.1.Id1up to 8 ASCII characters
SmplData.ONSilo.EditLine.1.Id2up to 8 ASCII characters
SmplData.ONSilo.EditLine.1.Id3up to 8 ASCII characters
SmplData.ONSilo.EditLine.1.ValSmpl 6-digits, sign and dec.point
SmplData.ONSilo.EditLine.1.UnitSmplup to 5 ASCII characters
SmplData.ONSilo.EditLine.1.C24read only
SmplData.ONSilo.EditLine.1.C25read only
SmplData.ONSilo.EditLine.1.Markread only
etc., up to .255
Contents of a silo line.
.Method: Method used to process the sample, from the method memory or
from the card.
.Id:The identifications Id1...Id3 can also be used as sample-specific
calculation constants C21...C23 in formulas.
.UnitSmpl: If "no unit" is desired for the sample size, the blank string must be
entered.
.C24, .C25: Results which have been assigned to C24 and C25.
.Mark:Mark of the silo line: "∗"=deleted line, "+"=line which is worked
off, "–"= line which is worked off and not valid for silo calculations (deleted), "/" last worked-off line, where recalculation can
still be done. Silo lines which have been worked off are "read
only".
76
3.2.2.55. SmplData.ONSilo.DelLine$G
SmplData.ONSilo.DelLine.LineNum1...255, OFF
Deletion of a silo line. The line # is deleted with &SmplData.ONSilo.DelLine
$G. If a formerly deleted line is edited again, it becomes valid (function
"undelete").
784 KFP Titrino
3.2 Remote control commands
3.2.2.56. SmplData.ONSilo.DelAll$G
Deletes the entire silo memory. Must be triggered with $G.
3.2.2.57. SmplData.ONSilo.CycleLinesON, OFF
Silo data cycling.
With "ON", executed lines are copied to the next free silo lines, see page 40.
Exercise caution if you edit the silo memory during the determinations!
3.2.2.58. SmplData.ONSilo.SaveLinesON, OFF
Silo lines are not deleted when they are worked off. Assigned results are
stored as C24 and C25. "Save lines" can only be set to "ON" if the silo is
completely empty. Delete the silo, see 3.2.2.56.
3.2.2.59. HotKey.User.Nameup to 10 ASCII characters
HotKey.User.Delete$G
HotKey.User.Delete.Nameup to 10 ASCII characters
HotKey.User.DelAll$G
HotKey.User.List.1.Nameread only
Management of user names.
.Name:Input of user names.
.Delete.Name: Deletes selected user name with &HotKey.User.Delete $G.
.List:List of all user names.
short, mplist, curve, scalc full, scalc srt, calc, all, ff
$G sends the selected report to the COM which is set in
&Config.PeriphUnit.RepToComport:
configuration: Configuration report. Is not accessible during a running deter-
mination.
parameters: Parameter report of the current method. During a running deter-
mination only "live"-parameters are accessible.
smpl data: Current sample data.
statistics: Statistics table with the individual results.
silo:Contents of the silo memory.
C-fmla:Contents of the <C-fmla> key.
def:Contents of the <def> key.
user method: Contents of the method memory.
full:Full result report of the last completed determination.
short:Short result report of the last completed determination.
mplist:Measuring point list of the running determination.
curve:Curve volume vs. time of the last determination.
scalc full: Full report of the silo calculations.
scalc srt:Short report of the silo calculations.
calc:Calculation report of the current method.
all:All reports.
ff:Form feed on printer.
77
3.2 Remote control commands
Reports which are sent from the Titrino are marked with space (ASCII 32) and
' at the beginning. Then an individual identifier for each report follows. Reports
which are triggered by RS232 ($G) have the same introducer but without preceding space, i.e. they start with '.
3.2.2.61. Info.Checksums$G
The checksums can be used to identify the content of a file unequivocally,
e.g. files with identical content
have identical results of the checksums. An empty file has checksum "0". The
calculation of the checksums is triggered with $G.
.MPList:Result of the checksum of the current measuring point list.
.ActualMethod: Result of the checksum of the current method in the working
3.2.2.62. Info.DetermData$G
Determination data in hexadecimal format. A measuring point list is available.
Recalculation of the measuring data is triggered with $G.
.Write:With "ON", the following nodes can be overwritten:
.ExV:Volume of the exchange unit, with which the determination was
.MPList.1.Attribute: Attribute
.MPList.X: X coordinate, time
.MPList.Y: Y coordinate, volume
.MPList.Z1: Z1 coordinate, measuring value
.MPList.Z2: without meaning
Info.Checksums.MPListread only
Info.Checksums.ActualMethodread only
memory. Identical methods with different method names have the
same results of the checksum.
Info.DetermData.WriteON, OFF
Info.DetermData.MPList.1.Attributeread only/read+write
Info.DetermData.ExVread only/read+write
Info.DetermData.MPList.1.Xread only/read+write
Info.DetermData.MPList.1.Yread only/read+write
Info.DetermData.MPList.1.Z1read only/read+write
Info.DetermData.MPList.1.Z2read only/read+write
for every measuring point
&Info.DetermData.MP.List, &Info.TitrResults.Var.C4X (X = 0...5),
and &Mode.Name.
executed
78
784 KFP Titrino
3.2 Remote control commands
3.2.2.63. Info.TitrResults.RS.1.Valueread only
etc., up to .9
Info.TitrResults.EP.1.Vread only
Info.TitrResults.EP.1.Measread only
etc., up to .2
Info.TitrResults.Var.C40read only/read+write
etc., up to .C45
Info.TitrResults.Var.DTimeread only/read+write
.RS: Values of the calculated results.
.EP: Endpoints:
Volume coordinate in mL, e.g. "1.2340"
Measured value coordinate in mV (with Ipol) "–241" or µA (with
Upol) "43.7".
.Var: Various variables. You may overwrite the variables C40...C45, see
3.2.2.62.
C40: Initial measured value in mV (with Ipol) "41" or µA (with
Upol).
C41: End volume in mL, "12.5360".
C42: Time from start of titration to end in s, "62".
C43: Volume drift on start of KFT titration from the conditioning in
µL/min, "3.5".
C44: Temperature in °C.
C45: Start volume in mL, "2.800".
DTime: Time for the drift correction in KFT with conditioning.
3.2.2.64. Info.StatisticsVal.ActNread only
Info.Statistics.1.Meanread only
Info.Statistics.1.Stdread only
Info.Statistics.1.RelStdread only
etc. up to .9
The current values of the statistics calculation.
$Q sends, e.g.
ActN: Current value of the individual results"3"
Data for MN1:
Mean: Mean value (decimal places as in result)"3.421"
Std: Standard deviation (1 decimal place more than in result)"0.0231"
RelStd: Relative standard deviation (in %, 2 decimal places)"0.14"
3.2.2.65. Info.SiloCalc.C24.Nameread only
Info.SiloCalc.C24.Valueread only
Info.SiloCalc.C24.Unitread only
for .C25 as for .C24
Info.SiloCalc.C26.ActNread only
Info.SiloCalc.C26.Meanread only
Info.SiloCalc.C26.Stdread only
Info.SiloCalc.C26.RelStdread only
for .C27 as for .C26
The current values from the silo calculations. C26 is the mean value out of the
C24 variables; C27 comes from C25.
784 KFP Titrino
79
3.2 Remote control commands
$Q sends:
C24.Name: Name of the assigned value"RS1"
C24.Value: Value"2.222"
C24.Unit: Unit of the assigned value"%"
C26.ActN: Number of single results"3"
C26.Mean: Mean (decimal places as for the result itself)"3.421"
C26.Std: Standard deviation (decimal places as for the result + 1)"0.0231"
C26.RelStd: Relative standard deviation (in %, 2 decimal places)"0.14"
3.2.2.66. Info.ActualInfo.Inputs.Statusread only
Status sends the current status of the I/O lines, Change sends the information
regarding whether a change in status of a line has taken place since the last
clearing, Clear clears the change information. For the output, there is a conversion from binary to decimal, e.g.
Line No.| 13| 12| 11| 10| 9 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Output: 21 + 23 = "10"
1 means ON or change; 0 means OFF or no change.
The lines are assigned as follows (see also page 125ff):
Inputs:Outputs:
0Start (pin 21)0Ready (pin 5)
1Stop (pin 9)1Cond. ok (pin 18)
2Enter (pin 22)2Titration (pin 4)
3Clear (pin 10)3EOD (pin 17)
4Smpl Ready (pin 23)4Monitoring, line L4 (pin 3)
5pin 115Error (pin 16)
6pin 246Activate, line L6 (pin 1)
7pin 127Pulse for recorder (pin 2)
Info.ActualInfo.Inputs.Changeread only
Info.ActualInfo.Inputs.Clear$G
Info.ActualInfo.Outputs.Statusread only
Info.ActualInfo.Outputs.Changeread only
Info.ActualInfo.Outputs.Clear$G
3.2.2.67. Info.ActualInfo.Assembly.CyclNoread only
$Q sends the current cycle number of the voltage measurement cycle, e.g.
"127". From the cycle number and the cycle time (see 3.2.2.75), a time frame
can be set up.
The cycle number is set to 0 on switching on the instrument, on every start
and for QuickMeas. It is incremented as long as the instrument remains
switched on.
784 KFP Titrino
3.2 Remote control commands
3.2.2.68. Info.ActualInfo.Assembly.Counter.Vread only
Info.ActualInfo.Assembly.Counter.Clear$G
$Q sends the volume. With the function &Info.Assembly.Counter.Clear $G,
the volume counter is set to zero.
3.2.2.69. Info.ActualInfo.Assembly.Measread only
$Q sends the current measured value from the assembly.
3.2.2.70. Info.ActualInfo.Titrator.CyclNoread only
Info.ActualInfo.Titrator.Vread only
Info.ActualInfo.Titrator.Measread only
Info.ActualInfo.Titrator.dVdtread only
Info.ActualInfo.Titrator.dMeasdtread only
Info.ActualInfo.Titrator.dMeasdVread only
Info.ActualInfo.Titrator.Tread only
$Q sends the current values in the following formats:
KFT
CyclNo127
V(mL)1.2345
Meas:
Ipol (mV)
Upol (µA)
dVdt (µL/s)
–345.6
–12.5
2.5142
dMeasdt
Ipol (mV/s)
Upol (µA/s)
dMeasdV (mV/µL)
0.7957
0.7957
10.6326
784 KFP Titrino
NV: Not Valid.
OV will be sent for "overrange".
A time frame can be set up from the cycle number and the cycle time (see
3.2.2.75). The cycle number is set to 0 at the start of a method and it is incremented until the end of the method.
3.2.2.71. Info.ActualInfo.MeasPt.Indexread only
Info.ActualInfo.MeasPt.Xread only
Info.ActualInfo.MeasPt.Yread only
Info.ActualInfo.MeasPt.Z1read only
Info.ActualInfo.MeasPt.Z2read only
Info.ActualInfo.EP.Indexread only
Info.ActualInfo.EP.Xread only
Info.ActualInfo.EP.Yread only
$Q sends the last entry into the measuring point list (.MeasPt) or the last entry into the list of EP's.
81
3.2 Remote control commands
.MeasPt.X"165" Time of the MPList in s
.MeasPt.Y"3.654" Volume of the MPList in mL
.MeasPt.Z1"6.34" Measured value of the MPList, format depends on the
.MeasPt.Z2 without meaning
.EP.X"1.234" Volume coordinate of the EP
.EP.Y"5.34" Measured value coordinate of the EP
3.2.2.72. Info.ActualInfo.Oven.HeatTimeread only
$Q sends the current values from a connected KF Oven. If no Oven is connected, the values are empty.
.HeatTime: Heating time of sample in s.
.SampleTemp: Nominal sample temperature in °C.
.LowTemp: Lowest temperature during the sample heating time in °C.
.HighTemp:Highest temperature during the sample heating time in °C.
.GasFlow: Average gas flow during sample heating time.
.UnitFlow: Unit of gas flow.
measured quantity
Info.ActualInfo.Oven.SampleTempread only
Info.ActualInfo.Oven.LowTempread only
Info.ActualInfo.Oven.HighTempread only
Info.ActualInfo.Oven.GasFlowread only
Info.ActualInfo.Oven.UnitFlowread only
3.2.2.73. Info.ActualInfo.Display.L1up to 32 ASCII characters
Info.ActualInfo.Display.L8up to 32 ASCII characters
Info.ActualInfo.Display.DelAll$G
Lines of the display. The display can be written to from the computer. Proceed as follows:
1. Lock the display, see 3.2.2.86.
2. Delete the whole display (.DelAll).
3. For writing onto the display, the standard character set will be used.
4. Unlock the display, see 3.2.2.86.
5. Delete the whole display (.DelAll).
6. Send a value to nod &Config.Aux.ResDisplay (see 3.2.2.46) to refresh the
display.
$Q sends the contents of the corresponding display line.
3.2.2.74. Info.ActualInfo.Comport.Numberread only
$Q sends the comport number of the Titrino where the PC is connected.
3.2.2.75. Info.Assembly.CycleTimeread only
Info.Assembly.ExVread only
Inquiries regarding basic variables of the assembly: Cycle time in s, volume of
the active Exchange Unit in mL.
82
784 KFP Titrino
3.2 Remote control commands
3.2.2.76. Assembly.Bur.Rates.Forward.Selecteddigital, analog
Assembly.Bur.Rates.Forward.Digital0...150, max.
Assembly.Bur.Rates.Reverse.Selecteddigital, analog
Assembly.Bur.Rates.Reverse.Digital0...150, max.
Expel and aspirating rate.
Digital or analog control. With digital control, the inputted value applies (in
mL/min). "max." means maximum possible rate with the Exchange Unit in
current use.
Analog means rate control with the analog potentiometer on Titrino.
3.2.2.77. Assembly.Bur.Fill$G, $H, $C
$G starts the 'FILL' mode of the burette function.
3.2.2.78. Assembly.Bur.ModeDis$G, $S, $H, $C
Assembly.Bur.ModeDis.Selectedvolume, time
Assembly.Bur.ModeDis.V0.0001...0.1...9999
Assembly.Bur.ModeDis.Time0.25...1...86400
Assembly.Bur.ModeDis.VStop0.0001...9999, OFF
Assembly.Bur.ModeDis.AutoFillON, OFF
Dispensing mode with parameters. The dispensing mode can only be started
and stopped via the RS Control. During a running dosification, no method can
be started at the Titrino.
.Selected: Dispensing of volume increments or during a preset time.
.Volume, .Time: Size of the volume increments or entry of time.
.VStop:Limit volume for the dispensing.
.AutoFill:ON means automatic filling after every dispensing.
3.2.2.79. Assembly.Meas.StatusON, OFF
Assembly.Meas.MeasInputIpol, Upol
Assembly.Meas.Ipol±127...1...+127
Assembly.Meas.Upol±1270...400...+1270
Measurement in assembly. The measuring function can only be started via
RS Control. When the measuring function is switched on, no method can be
started at the Titrino.
.Input:Selection of the "measuring input" for polarized electrodes.
.Ipol:Polarization current in µA.
.Upol:Polarization potential in mV, entry in steps of 10 mV.
784 KFP Titrino
83
3.2 Remote control commands
3.2.2.80. Assembly.Outputs.AutoEODON, OFF
Setting the I/O output lines.
.AutoEOD: The automatic output of the EOD (End of Determination) at the
.SetLines: With $G, all lines are set.
.SetLines.LX: Set the line LX. "active" means setting of a static signal,
Assembly.Outputs.SetLines$G
Assembly.Outputs.SetLines.L0active, inactive, pulse, OFF
up to .L13
Assembly.Outputs.ResetLines$G
end of the determination can be switched off. Thus, for example,
in conjunction with a Titrino several determinations can be performed in the same beaker. Before AutoEOD is switched on, line 3
must be set to "OFF".
"inactive" means resetting of the signal, "pulse" means output of a
pulse of app. 150 ms, "OFF" means the line is not operated, see
also page 126.
Warnings:
• If you have "AutoEOD" to "ON", an active line 3 is set to
"inactive" by the EOD pulse.
• L6 is the line of the activate pulse. An active line 6 is set to
"inactive" by the activate pulse.
• L5 is the error line. It is continuously controlled by the Titrino
program and can therefore not be set freely.
Line assignments in Titrino program:
L0Ready, inactive state
L1Conditioning OK
L2Titration in progress
L3EOD (End Of Determination)
L4--L5Error
L6Activate pulse
L7Buret volume pulses
L8–13---
84
.ResetLines: Lines are set to the inactive status (= high).
3.2.2.81. Assembly.StirrerON, OFF
Switching stirrer ON/OFF.
3.2.2.82. Setup.Comport1, 2, 1&2
Selects the Titrino COM for the output of automatic info:
&Setup.Keycode
&Setup.Trace
&Setup.SendMeas
&Setup.AutoInfo
784 KFP Titrino
3.2 Remote control commands
3.2.2.83. Setup.KeycodeON, OFF
ON means the key code of a key pressed on the Titrino is outputted. The key
code comprises 2 ASCII characters; table of the keys with their code, see
page 102. A keystroke of key 11 is sent as follows:
#11
The beginning of the message is marked by a space (ASCII 32).
3.2.2.84. Setup.Tree.ShortON, OFF
Setup.Tree.ChangedOnlyON, OFF
Definition of the type of answer to $Q.
.Short:With "ON", each path is sent with only the necessary amount of
characters in order to be unequivocal (printed in bold in this manual). A combination of .Short and .ChangedOnly is not possible.
.ChangedOnly:Sends only the changed values, i.e. values which have
been edited. All paths are sent absolute, i.e. from the root.
3.2.2.85. Setup.TraceON, OFF
The Titrino automatically reports when a value has been confirmed with
<enter> at the Titrino. Message, e.g.:
&SmplData.OFFSilo.Id1"Trace"
The beginning of the message is marked by a space (ASCII 32).
3.2.2.86. Setup.Lock.KeyboardON, OFF
Setup.Lock.ConfigON, OFF
Setup.Lock.ParameterON, OFF
Setup.Lock.SmplDataON, OFF
Setup.Lock.UserMeth.RecallON, OFF
Setup.Lock.UserMeth.StoreON, OFF
Setup.Lock.UserMeth.DeleteON, OFF
Setup.Lock.DisplayON, OFF
ON means disable the corresponding function:
.Keyboard: Disable all keys of the Titrinos
.Config:Disable the <configuration> key
.Parameter:Disable the <parameter> key
.SmplData: Disable the <smpl data> key
.UserMeth.Recall: Disable "recall" in <user meth> key
.UserMeth.Store: Disable "store" in <user meth> key
.UserMeth.Delete: Disable "delete" in <user meth> key
.Display:Disable the display, i.e. it will not be written to by the device pro-
gram of the Titrino and can be operated from the computer.
784 KFP Titrino
85
3.2 Remote control commands
3.2.2.87. Setup.Mode.StartWaitON, OFF
Holding points in the method sequence. If they are "ON", the sequence stops
until "OFF" is sent. Switching the instrument on sets both nodes to OFF:
.StartWait: Holding point right after starting a method (holding point after
.FinWait:Holding point at the end a method (holding point after AutoInfo
3.2.2.88. Setup.SendMeas.SendStatusON, OFF
.SendStatus: ON means the automatic transmission of measured values (see
.Interval:Time interval (in s) for the automatic transmission of associated
The automatic transmission is switched on/off with 'SendStatus'.
Setup.Mode.FinWaitON, OFF
AutoInfo !".T.GC").
!".T.F").
Setup.SendMeas.Interval0.08...4...16200, MPList
3.2.2.90 and 3.2.2.91) in the inputted interval is active.
measured values defined under points 3.2.2.90 and 3.2.2.91. The
inputted value is rounded off to a multiple of 0.08. The smallest
possible time interval depends on the number of measured values
which have to be sent, on the baud rate, on the load on the interface and on the type of device connection. With "MPList" the
measured values are sent at the time of their entry into the measured point list.
3.2.2.89. Setup.SendMeas.SelectAssembly, Titrator
Selection of the unit of which the measured values should be sent (3.2.2.90
and 3.2.2.91).
3.2.2.90. Setup.SendMeas.Assembly.CyclNoON, OFF
Setup.SendMeas.Assembly.VON, OFF
Setup.SendMeas.Assembly.MeasON, OFF
Selection of the values from Assembly for the output in the set time interval
(see 3.2.2.88):
.CyclNo:Cycle number of the potential measurement. Together with the
cycle time (3.2.2.75), a time frame can be set up.
The cycle number is set to 0 on switching on the instrument and
it is always incremented as long as the instrument remains
switched on.
.V:Volume
.Meas:Measured value associated to the cycle number.
The unit "assembly" must be preset (see 3.2.2.89).
3.2.2.91. Setup.SendMeas.Titrator.CyclNoON, OFF
Setup.SendMeas.Titrator.VON, OFF
Setup.SendMeas.Titrator.MeasON, OFF
Setup.SendMeas.Titrator.dVdtON, OFF
Setup.SendMeas.Titrator.dMeasdtON, OFF
Setup.SendMeas.Titrator.dMeasdVON, OFF
86
784 KFP Titrino
784 KFP Titrino
3.2 Remote control commands
Selection of the values from the titrator which are sent in the set time interval
(see 3.2.2.88, formats see 3.2.2.70):
.CyclNo:Cycle number. Together with the cycle time (see 3.2.2.75), a time
frame can be set up. The other data belong to the corresponding
cycle number. The cycle number is set to 0 at the start of a
method and it is incremented until the end of the method.
.V:Volume.
.dVdt:associated volume drift.
.dMeasdt: associated measured value drift.
.dMeasdV: associated 1st derivative of the titration curve.
The unit "titrator" must be preset (see 3.2.2.90).
3.2.2.92. Setup.AutoInfo.StatusON, OFF
Setup.AutoInfo.PON, OFF
Setup.AutoInfo.T.RON, OFF
Setup.AutoInfo.T.GON, OFF
Setup.AutoInfo.T.GCON, OFF
Setup.AutoInfo.T.SON, OFF
Setup.AutoInfo.T.BON, OFF
Setup.AutoInfo.T.FON, OFF
Setup.AutoInfo.T.EON, OFF
Setup.AutoInfo.T.HON, OFF
Setup.AutoInfo.T.CON, OFF
Setup.AutoInfo.T.OON, OFF
Setup.AutoInfo.T.NON, OFF
Setup.AutoInfo.T.ReON, OFF
Setup.AutoInfo.T.SiON, OFF
Setup.AutoInfo.T.MON, OFF
Setup.AutoInfo.T.EPON, OFF
Setup.AutoInfo.T.RCON, OFF
Setup.AutoInfo.C.B1ON, OFF
Setup.AutoInfo.C.R1ON, OFF
Setup.AutoInfo.C.B2ON, OFF
Setup.AutoInfo.C.R2ON, OFF
Setup.AutoInfo.ION, OFF
Setup.AutoInfo.OON, OFF
ON means that the Titrino reports automatically the moment the corresponding change occurs.
.Status:Global switch for all set AutoInfo.
.PPowerOn: Simulation of power on (3.2.2.94). Not from mains.
Messages from node .T, Titrator:
.T.RReady: Status 'Ready' has been reached.
.T.GGo: Instrument has been started.
.T.GCGoCommand: Instrument has received a go command.
.T.SStop: Status 'Stop' has been reached.
.T.BBegin of sequence.
.T.FFinal: End of determination, the final steps will be carried out.
.T.EError. Message together with error number, see page 49ff.
.T.HHold: Status 'Hold' has been reached.
.T.CContinue: Continue after hold.
.T.OConditioning OK: EP reached (in KFT with conditioning).
87
3.2 Remote control commands
.T.NConditioning Not OK: EP not reached (in KFT with conditioning).
.T.ReRequest: In the inquiry of an identification or the sample size after
.T.SiSiloEmpty: Silo empty, i.e. the last line has been removed from
.T.MMeasList: Entry in the measuring point list.
.T.EPEPList: Entry into EP list
.T.RCResults have been recalculated.
Messages from node .C, Comport:
.C.B1COM1: A report is outputted on COM1. During this time, COM2
.C.R1COM1 is ready again. (Comes also when you <QUIT> an error.)
.C.B2, .R2 Identical for COM2.
Messages for changings in the I/O lines. If the changings are made simultaneously, there is 1 message. Pulses receive 2 messages: one message each
for line active and inactive.
.IInput: Change of an input line.
.OOutput: Change of an output line (except 7, pin 2, for recorder
If a change occurs that requires a message, the Titrino sends space
(ASCII 32) and ! as an introducer. This is followed by the name of the device
(see 3.2.2.47). Special ASCII characters in the device name are ignored. If no
device name has been entered, only ! is sent. Finally the Titrino sends the information which node has triggered the message.
Example: !John".T.Si": The message was triggered from instrument "John",
node .T.Si
start of titration.
the silo memory.
will be blocked. COM2 is generally blocked, if COM1 is busy.
pulses).
3.2.2.93. Setup.Graphics.GridON, OFF
Setup.Graphics.FrameON, OFF
Setup.Graphics.ScaleFull, Auto
Setup.Graphics.Recorder.Right0.2...0.5...1.00
Setup.Graphics.Recorder.Feed0.01...0.05...1.00
Change in the appearance and the format of the curve for the output. The settings are valid for both Titrino COM ports.
.Grid:On/off switching of grid over curve.
.Frame:On/off switching of frame surrounding the curve. If grid and frame
are switched off, the curve is printed faster as the print head does
not have to move to the end of the paper.
.Scale:Type of scaling of the measured value axis: Full means that the
scale runs from the smallest up to the greatest measured point.
With auto, the smallest measured value is taken and the next
smaller tick defines the beginning of the scale; the next greater
tick to the greatest measured value is the end of the scale.
.Right:Relative specification of the width of the output medium (e.g. pa-
per width) for the length of the measured value axis. 1 means the
measured value axis is plotted over the entire width of the paper
(largest possible width). In extreme cases, the writing of the right
tick may lie outside.
88
784 KFP Titrino
3.2 Remote control commands
.Feed:Length of the time axis. Depending on the printer, the measure in
cm may not always be correct.
Curve length
0.01100 cm
0.110 cm
0.52 cm
11 cm
3.2.2.94. Setup.PowerOn$G
Simulation of 'power on'. The device has the same status as after power on:
The cylinder is filled, error messages deleted and the current sample number
set to 0. The method last used is ready for operation.
Assembly, Setup, All
Setting of default values for the following areas:
ActMeth:Current method. Parameters, calculations, and assignments for
the data output, operands C01...C19.
Silo:The silo memory is deleted. Same function as delete entire silo.
Config:All values under &Config.
Assembly: All values under &Assembly.
Setup:All values under &Setup.
All:Values of the entire tree (except silo and method memory).
The action must be triggered with &Setup.Initalise $G.
3.2.2.96. Setup.RamInit$G
Initializes instrument, see page 110. All parameters are set to their default
value and error messages are cleared. The user and silo memories will be
deleted. The user memory contains the default user methods from Metrohm.
3.2.2.97. Setup.InstrNo$G
Setup.InstrNo.Valueserial number, 8 ASCII characters
Instrument identification for report output.
Set the value with &Setup.InstrNo $G .
3.2.2.98. Diagnose.Report$G
Output of the report containing the adjustment parameters. The Titrino has to
be in its inactive basic state.
784 KFP Titrino
89
3.3 Properties of the RS 232 Interface
XOFF
XON
3.3 Properties of the RS 232 Interface
Data Transfer Protocol
The Titrino is configured as DTE (Data Terminal Equipment).
The RS 232 interface has the following technical specifications:
• Data interface according to the RS 232C standard, adjustable transfer pa-
rameters, see pages 11 and 75.
• Max. line length:512 characters
• Control characters: C
• Cable length:max. approx. 15 m
Start7 or 8 Data BitParity Bit1 or 2 Stop Bit
(ASCII DEC 13)
R
LF (ASCII DEC 10)
XON (ASCII DEC 17)
XOFF (ASCII DEC 19)
Only a shielded data cable (for example, METROHM D.104.0201) may be
used to couple the Titrino with foreign devices. The cable shield must be
properly grounded on both instruments (pay attention to current loops; always ground in a star-head formation). Only plugs with sufficient shielding
may be used (for example, METROHM K.210.0381 with K.210.9045).
3.3.1 Handshake
Software-Handshake, SWchar
Handshake inputs on the Titrino (CTS) are not checked.
Handshake outputs (DTR, RTS) are set by the Titrino.
The Titrino sends XOFF when its input buffer contains 384 characters. After
this it can receive 128 extra characters (including LF).
Titrino as Receiver :
Titrinoexternal device
RxD
max. 128
characters
384 characters
L
F
Data output
90
TxD
Data input
Time
784 KFP Titrino
Titrino as Sender :
XOFF
XON
XOFF
XON
Titrinoexternal device
3.3 Properties of the RS 232 Interface
RxD
TxD
Data output
max.
characters
disabled
max. characters:2 characters at 300...9600 baud
16 characters at ≥ 19200 baud
Software-Handshake, SWline
Handshake input ports on the Titrino (CTS) are not checked.
Handshake output ports (DTR, RTS) are set by the Titrino.
The Titrino has an input buffer which can accept up to 512 characters.
Titrino as Receiver :
Titrinoexternal device
Data output
enabled
L
F
Time
Data output
Data input
RxD
TxD
max. 128
characters
384 characters
L
Time
F
Data output
Data input
784 KFP Titrino
91
3.3 Properties of the RS 232 Interface
XOFF
XON
Titrino as Sender:
Titrinoexternal device
RxD
TxD
Titrino transmission can be stopped by external instruments with XOFF. After
XOFF is received the Titrino completes sending the line already started. If data
output is disabled for more than 6 s by XOFF, E43 appears in the display.
Hardware-Handshake, HWs
Titrino as Receiver :
Titrinoexternal device
1st line
L
F
Data output
disabled
2nd line
Data output
enabled
Time
Data output
L
F
Data input
Titrino as Sender:
Titrinoexternal device
DTR
L
RxD
RTS
CTS
TxD
F
Time
L
F
Time
The data flow can be interrupted by deactivating the CTS line.
DTR
RxD
RTS
CTS
TxD
92
784 KFP Titrino
3.3.2 Pin Assignment
RS232C Interface
3.3 Properties of the RS 232 Interface
Transmitted Data (TxD).
If no data are transmitted, the line is held in the “ON” condition. Data
will only be sent when CTS is in the ”ON” condition.
Received Data (RxD)
Request to Send (RTS)
ON condition: Titrino is ready to send data.
Clear to Send (CTS)
ON condition: Remote station is ready to receive data.
Signal ground (GND)
Data Terminal Ready (DTR)
ON condition: Instrument is ready to receive data.
Pin 3
Transmitted Data
Pin 2
Received Data
Pin 7
Request To Send
Pin 8
Clear To Send
Pin 5
Signal Ground
Pin 4
Data Terminal Ready
Protective earthing
Direct connection from cable plug to the protective ground of the instrument.
Polarity allocation of the signals
- Data lines (TxD, RxD)
voltage negative (<–3 V): signal state ”ON”
voltage positive (>+3 V): signal state ”ZERO”
- control or message lines (CTS, RTS, DTR)
voltage negative (<–3 V): OFF state
voltage positive (>+3 V): ON state
In the transitional range from +3 V to –3 V the signal state is undefined.
Driver 14C88according to EIA RS 232C specification
Receiver 14C89" "
784 KFP Titrino
93
3.3 Properties of the RS 232 Interface
Contact arrangement at plug (female) for RS 232C socket (male)
6
9
View of soldered side of plug
1
5
Ordering numbers:
K.210.0381 and K.210.9045
No liability whatsoever will be accepted for damage or injury caused by improper interconnection of instruments.
94
784 KFP Titrino
3.3 Properties of the RS 232 Interface
3.3.3 What can you do if the data transfer does not work?
ProblemQuestions for remedial action
No characters can be received on
a connected printer.
No data transmission and the
display of the Titrino shows an
error message.
The received characters are
garbled.
-Are the instruments switched on and cables plugged in
correctly?
-Is the printer set to ”on-line”?
-Are baud rate, data bit and parity the same on both
instruments?
-Is the handshake set properly?
If everything seems to be ok, try to print a report with the key
sequence <PRINT><SMPL DATA><ENTER>. If this report
is printed out correctly, check if reports are defined in key
<DEF>.
-error 42: Transmission error. Is the printer set to "on-line"?
Is the connection cable properly wired?
-error 43: Data output of the Titrino disabled for longer than 6
s by XOFF.
-error 36-39: Receive error. Are the RS settings the same on
both devices?
-Are the RS settings the same on both devices?
-Has the correct printer been selected?
-Data transfer has been interrupted on the hardware side
during the printout of a curve. Re-establish connections and
switch printer off/on.
Wrong line spacing.
Printout of titration curve is not
ok. Other reports are printed ok.
The printer does not emulate completely the preset mode.
Usually these problems arise with the IBM mode. Set the printer
to a different mode (e.g. Epson).
Handshake is necessary for the printout of curves.
-Is your cable correctly wired? (The DTR of the printer has to
be connected to the CTS of the Titrino.)
-Set "HWs" for the handshake of the Titrino. Configure the
printer such that its DTR is set (possibly with DIP switches).
784 KFP Titrino
95
3.3 Properties of the RS 232 Interface
96
784 KFP Titrino
4.1 Error and special messages
4 Error messages and Troubleshooting
Data transfer inoperative See measures on page 95.
4.1 Error and special messages
XXX bytes missingFor the storage of a method or a silo line XXX bytes are
missing.
Remedy: <QUIT>. Delete methods no longer needed or use
fewer silo lines.
check electrodeWith polarized electrodes. There is a break or short circuit.
Possible causes and rectification of the fault:
- the electrode is not plugged in ⇒ plug it in
- the electrode is not immersed in the solution ⇒ immerse it
- the electrode is defective ⇒ use new electrode.
- the electrode cable is defective ⇒ use new cable.
The electrode test can be switched off under the <PARAM>
key.
Exit: Rectify fault or <STOP>.
check exchange unit!The Exchange Unit is not mounted (properly).
Exit: Mount Exchange Unit (properly) so that the coupling
engages or <STOP>.
check remote boxThe Remote Box is not (correctly) connected or the Remote
Box is connected but not activated under the <CONFIG> key.
Exit: Connect Remote Box (correctly) and set "Remote Box:
ON" under <CONFIG>, >peripheral units. Switch the Titrino
off/on.
division by zeroThe result could not be calculated as a divisor in the formula
was equal to zero.
Exit: Enter appropriate value.
error 36Parity
Exit: <QUIT> and set corresponding quantity the
same on both instruments
error 37Stop bit
Exit: <QUIT> and set corresponding quantity the
same on both instruments
error 38Overrun error. At least 1 character could not be read.
Exit: <QUIT>
error 39Overflow of the receive buffer of the GP Titrino (> 128
characters).
Exit: <QUIT>
error 42CTS=OFF
Handshake unsatisfactory for more than 1 s.
Exit: <QUIT> Is the receiver switched on and ready
to receive?
error 43The transmission of the GP Titrino has been
interrupted with XOFF for at least 6 s.
Exit: <QUIT>.
784 KFP Titrino
97
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