Ivoclar Vivadent IPS e.max ZirPress User Manual

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ZirPress

all ceramic

all you need

I N S T R U C T I O N S F O R U S E

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Table of Contents

3 IPS e.max System – one system for every indication

ZirPress

PR OD UC T

IN FO RM ATI ON

4 Product Information

Material Uses Composition Scientiﬁc Data Ingot Concept

8 Clinical Steps, Framework Preparation, Contouring, Pressing Procedure

Overview of the Fabrication Procedure Shade Determination – Tooth Shade and Shade of the Prepared Tooth Preparation Guidelines Fabrication of the IPS e.max ZirCAD Framework Application of IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner Contouring Sprueing, Investing Preheating, Pressing Divesting, Removal of the Reaction Layer

31 Staining Technique

Finishing Stain and Characterization Firing Glaze Firing

36 Cut-Back Technique

Finishing Veneering with IPS e.max Ceram

42 Layering Technique

Finishing Veneering with IPS e.max Ceram

47 Gingiva Technique

Framework Design Criteria

AP PL IC ATI ON P RO CE DU RE

Framework Preparation and Application of IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner Contouring Sprueing, Investing Veneering with IPS e.max Ceram

56 Abutment Technique – Pressing on the Straumann®Anatomic IPS e.max®Abutment

Application of IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner Contouring Sprueing, Investing Preheating, Pressing, Divesting Finishing Stain and Characterization Firing Glaze Firing

65 Seating and Follow-Up Care

Possibilities for Cementation Preparing for Cementation Care notes

IN FO R

MAT IO N

ZirPress

68 General Information

Frequently Asked Questions Materials Combination Table Press and Firing Parameters

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e.max

IPS

System

all you need

IPS e.max – one system for every indication

IPS e.max is an innovative all-ceramic system which covers the entire all-ceramic indication range – from Thin Veneers to 12-unit bridges.

IPS e.max delivers high-strength and highly esthetic materials for the Press and the CAD/CAM technologies. The system consists of innovative lithium disilicate glass-ceramics used mainly for singletooth restorations and high-strength zirconium oxide for large-span bridges.

Every patient situation presents its own requirements and objectives. IPS e.max meets these requirements, because due to the system components you obtain exactly what you need. – The components for the Press technology include the highly esthetic IPS e.max Press lithium disilicate

glass-ceramic ingots and the IPS e.max ZirPress ﬂuorapatite glass-ceramic ingots for the fast and efﬁcient press-on-zirconia technique.

– Depending on the case requirements, two types of materials are available for the CAD/CAM

technique: the innovative IPS e.max CAD lithium disilicate glass-ceramic blocks and the IPS e.max ZirCAD high-strength zirconium oxide.

– The nano-ﬂuorapatite layering ceramic IPS e.max Ceram, which is used to characterize/veneer all

IPS e.max components – glass or oxide ceramics –, complete the IPS e.max System.

IPS e.max ZirPress

The shades and translucency levels of the IPS e.max ZirPress ingots are based on the overarching IPS e.max shade system. The system has a ﬂexible design and can be used in conjunction with the A–D, Chromascop as well as Bleach BL shade guides.

The shades of the Press ingots and CAD/CAM blocks offered in the IPS e.max System are all coordinated with each other. They are available in different degrees of opacity and/or translucency. The selection of the translucency level is based on the clinical requirements (shade of the prepared tooth, desired tooth shade) presented by the patient, as well as the desired processing technique (layering, cut-back, staining technique).

The more opaque MO ingots are predominantly suitable for the layering technique, while the more translucent LT and HT ingots are used for the cut-back and also the staining technique.

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e.max

IPS

ZirPress

Product Information

Material

IPS e.max ZirPress is a ﬂuorapatite glass-ceramic ingot which is pressed onto zirconium oxide. Since the ﬂuorapatite crystals are present in various sizes, the interplay of translucency, opalescence, and brightness can be controlled in a targeted fashion and thus results in optimum masking of the less translucent zirconium oxide frameworks. In the press-over technique, the advantages of the PRESS technology (accuracy of ﬁt) are optimally combined with those of the CAD/CAM technology (processing of zirconium oxide). IPS e.max ZirPress is suitable to press over IPS e.max ZirCAD single-tooth and multi-unit bridge frameworks as well as ZrO2abutments. With minimum technical effort and in a short time, the tried-and-tested PRESS technology is used to press on the IPS e.max ZirPress ingots. Frameworks pressed over with IPS e.max ZirPress demonstrate ﬁringstable ceramic shoulders with excellent accuracy of ﬁt and may subsequently be efﬁciently characterized or veneered using IPS e.max Ceram. In this way, esthetic and highly functional zirconium oxide-support restorations are fabricated in accordance with the customer’s needs and in an economical fashion. With the use of IPS e.max ZirPress Gingiva, the press-over technique can be used to fabricate exact, homogeneous gingival areas particularly for larger restorations.

CTE (100-400°C) [10-6/K] 9.8

CTE (100-500°C) [10-6/K] 9.9

Flexural strength (biaxial) [MPa]* 110

Vickers hardness [MPa] 5400

Chem. solubility [µg/cm2]* 30

Press temperature [°C/°F] 900–910/1652–1670

*according to ISO 6872

Uses

Indications

– Pressing over IPS e.max ZirCAD single-tooth frameworks – Pressing over multi-unit IPS e.max ZirCAD bridge frameworks – Pressing over IPS e.max ZirCAD inlay-retained bridge frameworks – Pressing over implant superstructures made of IPS e.max ZirCAD

(single-tooth and bridge frameworks) – Pressing over Straumann®Anatomic IPS e.max®Abutments – Pressing over frameworks, implant abutments and implant super-

structures made of sintered zirconium oxide and/or HIP zirconium

oxide with a CTE range of 10.5–11.0 x 10-6K-1(100–500 °C/

212–932 °F). – Veneers

Contraindications

– Pressing over zirconium oxide frameworks with a CTE outside the

stipulated range – Pressing over non-sintered zirconium oxide frameworks – Very deep sub-gingival preparations – Patients with substantially reduced residual dentition – Bruxism – Bridges with more than one extension unit – Any other use not listed in the indications

Important processing restrictions

Failure to observe the following restrictions may compromise the results achieved with IPS e.max ZirPress: – Failure to observe the necessary IPS e.max ZirCAD minimum

connector and framework thicknesses – IPS e.max ZirPress ingots must not be pressed on the zirconium

oxide framework without prior application of IPS e.max Ceram

ZirLiner – Pressing the IPS e.max ZirPress ingots without zirconium oxide

frameworks (except for veneers) – Layering with a veneering ceramic other than IPS e.max Ceram – Failure to observe the necessary minimum thicknesses for pressed

ceramics – Exceeding the maximum thicknesses for pressed ceramics – Pressing over metal frameworks – Pressing over zirconium oxide frameworks for which the manu-

facturer’s instructions regarding minimum framework and

connector thicknesses have not been observed

Side effects

If the patient is known to be allergic to any of the components of IPS e.max ZirPress, the material must not be used to fabricate restorations.

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Composition

The IPS e.max ZirPress ingots and the corresponding processing accessories consist of the following main components:

– IPS e.max ZirPress ingots

Components: SiO Additional components: Li2O, Na2O, K2O, MgO, Al2O3, CaO, ZrO2, P2O5and other oxides

– IPS Alox Plunger

Components: Al2O

– IPS Alox Plunger Separator

Components: Boron nitride

– IPS e.max Press Invex Liquid

Components: Hydroﬂuoric acid and sulphuric acid in water

– IPS Natural Die Material

Components: Polyester urethane dimethacrylate, parafﬁn oil, SiO2and copolymer

– IPS Natural Die Material Separator

Components: Wax dissolved in hexane

– IPS PressVEST Powder

Components: SiO2, MgO and NH4H2PO

– IPS PressVEST Liquid

Components: Colloidal silicic acid in water

– IPS PressVEST Speed Powder

Components: SiO2, MgO and NH4H2PO

– IPS PressVEST Speed Liquid

Components: Colloidal silicic acid in water

Warning

– Hexane is highly ﬂammable and detrimental to health. Avoid contact of the material

with skin and eyes. Do not inhale vapours and keep away from sources of ignition.

– Do not inhale ceramic dust during ﬁnishing – use exhaust air discharge and dust

mask.

– IPS e.max Press Invex Liquid contains hydroﬂuoric acid. Contact with skin, eyes and

clothing must be prevented at all costs, since the material is extremely toxic and corrosive. The liquid is intended for professional use only and must not be applied intraorally (inside the mouth).

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Scientific Data

Further scientific data (i.e. strength, wear, biocompatibility) are contained in the ”Scientific Documentation IPS e.max ZirPress”. The Documentation also provides a set of studies that describe the clinical performance of IPS e.max ZirPress. This Scientific Documentation can be obtained from Ivoclar Vivadent.

For further information about all-ceramics in general, please refer to the Ivoclar Vivadent Report No. 16 and 17.

c Do

iﬁ

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Ingot Concept

IPS e.max ZirPress ingots are available in three levels of translucency (HT, LT, MO) and one size. For the fabrication

of gingival areas, e.g. for implant superstructures IPS e.max ZirPress Gingiva ingots are available. From a processing point of view, basically all restorations can be fabricated of any ingot. For reasons of esthetics, however, the following processing technique and indication are recommended for the individual ingots (translucency levels):

Translucency Level

High Translucency

Low Translucency

Medium Opacity

Gingiva

CR %

Processing Technique

taining

Technique

ut-Back

Technique

ayering

Technique

Pressing without

ramework

eneers

ingle-Tooth

S Frameworks

Anterior and

( osterior Teeth)

Pressing over frameworks made of ZrO

ulti-Unit

Bridge

rameworks

mplantat

Abutments/

uperstructures





Inlay-Retained

Bridge

Frameworks



ingival Areas



IPS e.max ZirPress HT (High Translucency)

The ingots are available in 16 A-D and 4 Bleach BL shades. Given their high translucency they are ideally suitable for fully anatomical pressing over zirconium oxide frameworks (staining technique). The Characterization and Glaze ﬁring is subsequently conducted using IPS e.max Ceram Shades, Essence and Glaze materials. If adjustments are required, the IPS e.max Ceram layering materials can be used.

IPS e.max ZirPress LT (Low Translucency)

The ingots are available in 16 A-D and 4 Bleach BL shades. Given their high translucency they are ideally suitable for the cut-back technique, but also for the staining technique. The cut-back is subsequently supplemented with IPS e.max Ceram Incisal and/or Impulse and characterized using IPS e.max Ceram Essence and Shades.

IPS e.max ZirPress MO (Medium Opacity)

The ingots are available in 9 A-D and 4 Bleach BL shades. Given their opacity they are ideally suitable for pressing a dentin core or shoulder on zirconium oxide frameworks. The anatomical shape is subsequently individually layered using ISP e.max Ceram. Finally, the Stain/Glaze ﬁring with IPS e.max Ceram is conducted.

IPS e.max ZirPress Gingiva

The ingots are available in 2 shades (G3 and G4). In particular, they are ideally suitable for implant superstructures in order to press voluminous gingival areas on the zirconium oxide framework. The actual layering of the restoration is conducted with IPS e.max Ceram layering materials with the exact accuracy of ﬁt of the gingival area being maintained.

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e.max

IPS

ZirPress – Clinical Steps, Framework

Preparation, Contouring, Pressing Procedure

Working step

Practice

Shade Determination, Preparation, Shade of

the Prepared Tooth, Impression Taking

Framework fabrication

Contouring and Investing

Laboratory

Pressing

Ivoclar Vivadent Products

OptraGate,

IPS Natural Die Material

IPS Contrast Spray Labside

IPS e.max ZirCAD

IPS Investment Ring System 100 g, 200 g, 300 g

IPS PressVEST, IPS PressVEST Speed

IPS e.max Press

Programat EP 3000, EP5000

IPS Alox Plunger

IPS Alox Plunger Separator

IPS One-Way Plunger 300 g

Staining

Technique

Preparing for Cementation

Checking the Articulation/Occlusion

Cut-Back

Technique

Glazing

Cementation

Layering

Technique

IPS e.max Ceram Layering Materials

IPS UniTray

Programat P300, P500, P700

IPS e.max Ceram Glaze Paste, Powder

IPS e.max Ceram Glaze Spray

IPS e.max Ceram Essence, Shade

IPS Ceramic Etching Gel

Monobond Plus

OptraGate OptraDam

Variolink II, Variolink Veneer

Multilink Automix

SpeedCEM

Vivaglass CEM

bluephase

OptraFine

Recall

Proxyt

The range of available products may vary from country to country

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Shade Determination – Tooth Shade, Shade of the Prepared Tooth

Optimum integration in the oral cavity of the patient is the prerequisite for a true-to-nature all-ceramic restoration. To achieve this, the following guidelines and notes must be observed by both the dentist and the laboratory. The overall esthetic result of an all-ceramic restoration is influenced by the following factors:

• Shade of the preparation (natural preparation, core build-up, abutment, implant)

• Shade of the restoration (framework shade, veneer, characterization)

• Shade of the cementation material

The optical effect of the preparation shade must not be underestimated during the fabrication of highly esthetic restorations. For that reason, the shade of the preparation should be determined together with the desired tooth shade in order to select the suitable block. Especially with severely discoloured preparations or non-tooth-shaded build-ups, this is of utmost importance. Only if the dentist determines the shade of the preparation and its subsequent transmission to the laboratory may the desired esthetics be achieved in a targeted fashion.

Clinical Steps, Framework Preparation, Contouring, Pressing Procedure

Preparation Shade

– Prepared natural tooth

– Core build-up – Implant, abutment

Desired Tooth Shade

Cementation Material

Responsibility of the Dental Office Responsibility of the Laboratory

Shade determination of the natural tooth

After tooth cleaning, the tooth shade of the non-prepared tooth and/or the adjacent teeth is determined with the help of a shade guide. Individual characteristics have to be considered when determining the tooth shade. If a crown preparation is planned, for example, the cervical shade should also be determined. In order to achieve the best possible true-to-nature results, shade determination should be carried out at daylight. Furthermore, the patient should not wear clothes of intensive colours and/or lipstick.

Restoration Shade

Framework

–

– Veneer – Characterization

Die shade selection

In order to facilitate the reproduction of the desired tooth shade, the shade of the preparation is determined with the help of the IPS Natural Die Material shade guide. This enables the technician to fabricate a model die similar to the preparation of the patient, on the basis of which the correct shade and brightness values of the all-ceramic restorations may be selected.

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Preparation Guidelines

1.0

1.2

1.0

1.2

1.5

1.0

1.2

1.5

1.0

1.2

1.5

1.2

6°

1.0

Successful results can only be achieved with IPS e.max ZirPress/ZirCAD if the guidelines and layer thicknesses are strictly observed.

Basic preparation guidelines for all-ceramic restorations

– no angles or sharp edges – shoulder preparation with rounded inner edges and/or chamfer preparation – the indicated dimensions reflect the minimum thickness for IPS e.max restorations – the radius of the preparation edges, particularly for anterior teeth, should be at least 1.0 mm (milling tool geometry) in

order to permit optimum milling during CAD/CAM processing

Single Crowns to 3-Unit Bridges

– Evenly reduce the anatomical shape and observe the stipulated minimum thickness. prepare a circular shoulder

with rounded inner edges or a chamfer of a width of at least 1.0 mm. – Reduce the incisal crown third – incisal and/or occlusal – by approx. 1.5 mm. – For anterior crowns, the reduction in the labial and/or palatal/lingual area is at least 1.2 mm. The incisal edge of

the preparation should be at least 1.0 mm (milling tool geometry) in order to permit optimum milling of the

incisal area during CAD/CAM processing. – For posterior crowns, the reduction in the buccal and/or palatal/lingual area is at least 1.2 mm. – For conventional and/or self-adhesive cementation, the preparation must demonstrate retentive surfaces.

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1.0

1.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

1.0

1.5

2.0

1.0

1.5

2.0

1.5

Multi-Unit Bridges

– Evenly reduce the anatomical shape and observe the stipulated minimum thickness. Prepare a circular shoulder

with rounded inner edges or a chamfer of a width of at least 1.0 mm. – Reduce the incisal crown third – incisal and/or occlusal – by approx. 2.0 mm. – For anterior crowns, the reduction in the labial and/or palatal/lingual area is at least 1.5 mm. The incisal edge of

the preparation should be at least 1.0 mm (milling tool geometry) in order to permit optimum milling of the

incisal area during CAD/CAM processing. – For posterior crowns, the reduction in the buccal and/or palatal/lingual area is at least 1.5 mm. – For conventional and/or self-adhesive cementation, the preparation must demonstrate retentive surfaces.

Clinical Steps, Framework Preparation, Contouring, Pressing Procedure

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Framework Fabrication – IPS e.max ZirCAD

The individual steps for the fabrication of a framework of IPS e.max ZirCAD are described below. The complete procedure for the processing of IPS e.max ZirCAD is described in the IPS e.max ZirCAD Instructions for Use.

If a ZrO2framework of an other manufacturer is used, the corresponding recommendations regarding processing must be observed.

Layer thicknesses

The framework design is key to the success of durable all-ceramic restorations. The more attention is given to the framework design, the better the ﬁnal results and the clinical success will turn out to be.

The following basic guidelines have to be observed: – The IPS e.max ZirCAD framework material is the high-strength component of your restoration and must be

given a design that supports the overall shape of the restoration and the cusps.

– The excess in available space (severely prepared teeth, atrophied alveolar ridge) must be compensated by

corresponding framework dimensions and not by the pressed material.

– The parameters stored in the respective software are considered guidelines and have to be adjusted

according to the total thickness of the restoration using the available software tools.

– If possible, the connector design should be extended in the vertical direction, rather than in the horizontal direction.

Since the necessary connector dimensions cannot always be established in the sagittal (lingo-vestibular) directions, the connector dimensions should always be expanded in the vertical (inciso-cervical) direction.

– A reduction in framework thickness always means a reduction in strength.

The following minimum thicknesses have to be observed for the framework design with IPS e.max ZirCAD (sintered):

Please note: The minimum dimensions of the IPS e.max ZirCAD framework must be 25% larger before sintering.

Anterior Region

Minimum framework thickness

Connector dimensions

Design type

circular

Posterior Region

Minimum framework thickness

Connector dimensions

Design type

circular

occlusal

incisal

Crowns

0.5 mm

0.7 mm

–

Crowns

0.5 mm

0.7 mm

–

Splinted crowns

0.5 mm

0.7 mm

7 mm

Supporting the tooth shape and/or gingiva (incisal, occlusal and/or basal)

Splinted crowns

0.5 mm

0.7 mm

9 mm

Supporting the tooth shape and/or gingiva (incisal, occlusal and/or basal)

3-Unit Bridges

0.5 mm

0.7 mm

7 mm

3-Unit Bridges

Inlay-retained bridges

0.5 mm

0.7 mm

9 mm

4-12-unit bridges with

2 pontics

0.7 mm

1.0 mm

9 mm

4-12-unit bridges with

2 pontics

0.7 mm

1.0 mm

12 mm

The IPS e.max ZirCAD framework must be designed in such a way that the following layer thicknesses can be observed during the contouring for pressing on IPS e.max ZirPress: – In order to ensure the desired tooth and gingiva shades as well as pressability, a minimum thickness of

0.7 mm must be observed.

– Unsupported press and layering ceramics must not

exceed a total thickness of 2.5 mm.

Cantilever bridges with

1 pontic

0.7 mm

1.0 mm

12 mm

Cantilever bridges with

1 pontic

0.7 mm

1.0 mm

12 mm

Failure to observe the stipulated framework design criteria and minimum thicknesses may result in clinical failures, such as cracks, delamination and fracture of the restoration.

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Framework Design Criteria

The framework design must always support the shape of the restoration as well as the cusps.

Anterior and Posterior Crowns

orrect

wrong

Bridges

orrect correct correct

wrong

wrong wrong

Clinical Steps, Framework Preparation, Contouring, Pressing Procedure

correct

Always observe the relation between width and height as well as the suitable dimensions when designing the connectors.

Basically, the following applies: Height ≥ Width

wrong

Height ≥ Width

Width

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Preparation of the IPS e.max ZirCAD framework (after sintering)

Adjustments of sintered IPS ZirCAD frameworks should be kept to a minimum (ﬁne adjustment of the edges).

− For the selection of the grinding instruments, please refer to the Ivoclar Vivadent Flow Chart ”Recommended grinding tools for IPS e.max zirconium oxide”.

− Finishing is carried out at low pressure, since too much pressure may result marginal chipping and local phase transition.

− Place IPS e.max ZirCAD framework on the model, check ﬁt and make slight adjustments, if necessary.

− Do not ”post-separate” the bridge framework with separating disks after sintering. This may result in undesired predetermined breaking points, which will subsequently compromise the stability of the all-ceramic restoration.

− Check marginal areas and slightly ﬁnish, if necessary.

− For the fabrication of a pressed shoulder, the edges may be reduced up to the inner edge of the chamfer or shoulder preparation.

− Make sure that the minimum thicknesses are maintained even after the minor adjustments.

− Before veneering, clean the framework with running water or the steam jet and dry.

− Do not blast the framework with Al2O3or glass polishing beads, since this may damage the surface.

Use the grinding instruments speciﬁcally developed for ZrO2to carry out the required adjustments.

Completely sintered and ﬁnished IPS e.max ZirCAD framework.

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Regeneration firing (optional)

Basically, adjustments of sintered IPS ZirCAD frameworks should be kept to a minimum.

A Regeneration firing is only recommended after:

– large-scale adjustment of the IPS e.max ZirCAD framework (e.g. reduction of cusps and overall thickness) – use of grinding instruments not listed in the IPS e.max grinding tool recommendations. – grinding with diamond grinding tools (graining >100 µm).

Please note:

Fractures or cracks in the IPS e.max ZirCAD framework caused by rough ﬁnishing, e.g. blasting with high pressure, cannot be “healed” by a Regeneration ﬁring.

A Regeneration firing should be conducted in order to reverse changes in the sintered ZrO

due to an abrasive

finishing (see above). Please observe the following procedure for conducting the Regeneration firing:

– Clean and dry the framework with a steam jet. – Position the framework on metal pins on a honey-combed

tray.

– Conduct the Regeneration firing in a ceramic furnace (e.g.

Programat P700) using the respective parameters.

– As an option, a regular sinter firing in the Sintramat

(Program P1) can be conducted again. In this case, position the object on ZrO2beads (not on a honeycombed tray)

Clinical Steps, Framework Preparation, Contouring, Pressing Procedure

Firing parameters for the IPS e.max ZirCAD Regeneration ﬁring in the ceramic furnace

Furnace

°C/°F

min

°C/°F/min

°C/°F

min

°C/°F

°C/°F/min

P300 P500 P700

EP 3000

403 757

0:18

117

1050 1922

15:00

750

1382

25 45

EP 5000

P80 P100 P200

EP 600

PX1

403 757

0:18

0:30

117

1050 1922

15:00

750

1382

750

1382

––

12 min

– Do not adjust the framework by grinding after the Regeneration ﬁring. – Do not blast the framework with Al2O3or glass polishing beads before veneering, since this may cause lasting damage

to the surface.

Page 16

Application of IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner

IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner must always be applied prior to the wax-up to achieve a sound bond between the framework and the material pressed onto it. With the application of the ZirLiner, the framework shade and ﬂuorescence are adjusted to the desired tooth shade. Direct press-on procedures on IPS e.max ZirCAD frameworks without using ZirLiner results in a poor bond and may lead to delamination. Do not blast the framework with Al2O3or glass polishing beads, since this may damage the surface.

– Clean the IPS e.max ZirCAD framework with the steam jet before the application of the IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner. – Mix the IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner in the desired shade with the respective IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner Build-Up Liquid to a

creamy consistency. – For shaded zirconium oxide frameworks, use IPS e.max ZirLiner clear. – If a different consistency is desired, IPS e.max Ceram Build-Up Liquid (allround or soft) as well as the IPS e.max Ceram

Glaze and Stain Liquids (allround or longlife) may be used. The liquids may also be mixed with each other at any mixing

ratio. – Apply ZirLiner on the entire framework, paying special attention to the margins. If required, the restoration may be

vibrated until an even, greenish colour effect is achieved. If the colour appears too pale, the layer is too thin. – For more intensively shaded areas, four IPS e.max Ceram Intensive ZirLiners (yellow, orange, brown, incisal) are available. – After that, the applied ZirLiner is dried. – Conduct the ﬁring on a honey-combed ﬁring tray. – After ﬁring, the IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner should exhibit a layer thickness of approx. 0.1 mm.

Before veneering, clean the framework with the steam jet. Do not blast the framework with Al2O3or glass polishing beads.

Mix the corresponding ZirLiner with IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner Liquid to a creamy consistency. Cover the entire framework with ZirLiner.

Page 17

IPS e.max Ceram Intensive ZirLiner can be used to design intensively shaded areas. The ﬁred ZirLiner shows a homogeneous, silky-mat surface.

Firing parameters for the IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner ﬁring

IPS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress

irLiner ﬁring before wax-up and pressing 403/757 4:00 40/72 960/1760 1:00 450/842 959/1758 0

B S tÀ T H V1 V2 L

°C/°F min. °C/°F/min. °C/°F min. °C/°F °C/°F °C/°F

Firing process for zirconium oxide-supported restorations

In order to obtain optimum ﬁring results for IPS e.max Ceram, the following points have to be observed: – In order to ensure an even thickness of the veneer, the zirconium oxide framework must be designed in such a way that

it supports the cusps. Depending on the clinical situation, the results are different wall thicknesses and dimensions of the framework.

– Since ZrO2is a poor heat conductor compared to other framework materials, a low temperature increase rate tÀ is

required. This ensures even heat distribution in the bonding area between the framework and the veneer as well as the outer surfaces of the restoration even with different framework thicknesses. In this way, an optimum bond as well as even sintering of the layering materials are achieved.

– During cooling of the restorations after firing, stress occurs as a result of the different cooling speed at the outside and

within the material. With long-term cooling L for the “final firing cycle” this stress can be reduced and the risk of delamination minimized, particularly in ZrO2-supported restorations.

Notes on cooling after completion of the ﬁring program

In order to ensure “smooth” cooling of the restoration after firing, please observe the following notes: – Wait for the acoustic signal or optical indication of the furnace at the end of the firing cycle before the firing tray with

the fired objects is removed. – Do not touch the hot objects with metal tongs. – Allow the objects to cool to room temperature in a place protected from draft. – Do not blast or quench the objects.

Clinical Steps, Framework Preparation, Contouring, Pressing Procedure

Page 18

Contouring

– In order to check the wax thickness after contouring, measure the ZirCAD framework with a sensor and record the

values.

– Weigh the IPS e.max ZirCAD framework with the ﬁred IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner and record the weight. The weight is

used to determine the wax weight after contouring. The wax weight is used to determine the number of required ingots.

easure and record the framework thickness including the ﬁred ZirLiner. Weigh the ZirCAD framework with the ﬁred ZirLiner and record the weight.

Contour the restoration in accordance with the desired processing technique (staining, cut-back or layering technique).

Please observe the following basic guidelines: – Isolate the plaster dies with a commercial plaster-wax separator. – Use only organic waxes for contouring, since they fire without leaving residue. – Secure the framework on the model in the correct position and attach the margins with wax. – Exactly contour the restoration, particularly in the area of the preparation margins. Do not over-contour the preparation

margins, since this would require time-consuming and risky fitting procedures after pressing.

– For fully anatomical restorations, the possible occlusal relief must be taken into consideration as early as during the wax-

up, since the application of the Stains and Glaze results in slight increase in vertical dimensions.

Observe the following minimum and maximum layer thicknesses during contouring for pressing IPS e.max ZirPress. – In order to ensure the desired tooth shade as well as complete pressing, a minimum thickness of 0.7 mm must be

observed.

– Unsupported press and layering ceramic components must not exceed a total thickness of 2.5 mm.

Page 19

1. Contouring for the staining technique

Design the restoration to full anatomical contour so that only requires glazing and, if necessary, characterization after pressing.

Fully anatomical wax-up made of organic wax on the IPS e.max ZirCAD framework. Observe the minimum and maximum layer thicknesses! Check the occlusal contact points.

Tip

An acrylate polymer block IPS AcrylCAD that ﬁres without leaving residue can be used instead of modelling wax. An anatomically shaped component is created with the inLab®System (Sirona) and waxed onto the zirconium oxide framework.

2. Contouring for the cut-back technique

In a ﬁrst step, the restoration is given fully anatomical contours. Then, the cut-back of the wax-up (before investment) is carried out. As an alternative, the cut-back may also be performed after pressing. In this way, the cut-back technique enables the fabrication of highly esthetic restorations in a very efﬁcient manner.

Secure the ZirCAD framework on the die, attach margins with wax and build-up the shape.

Reduction of the oral surfaces is not required

Clinical Steps, Framework Preparation, Contouring, Pressing Procedure

The following points should be observed for the reduction of the wax-up: – Reduce the contouring in the incisal third – No design extreme mamelons (points and edges) – Check the cut-back with a silicone key – The minimum thicknesses must be observed to ensure

pressability

Conduct the wax cut-back and check with a silicone key.

Page 20

3. Contouring for the layering technique

Contouring of the “dentin core” and/or ceramic shoulder depends on the available space.

The following points have to be observed: – Precisely attach the restoration margins and/or shoulder with wax. – In bridges, contour the basal surface of the bridge pontic. – Contour the dentin core. – Observe a wax thickness of at least 0.7 mm to avoid incomplete press results.

intered IPS e.max ZirCAD framework onto which IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner has been ﬁred on the model.

Precisely attach the restoration margins and contour the “dentin area”. In bridges, contour the basal surface of the bridge pontic. Observe the minimum layer thickness of 0.7 mm.

Page 21

Sprueing

Always attach the sprues in the direction of flow of the ceramic and at the thickest part of the wax-up so that smooth flowing of the viscous ceramic during pressing is enabled. Depending on the number and size of objects to be invested, either the 100 g, 200 g, or 300 g IPS Investment Ring System is selected. Bridges must only be pressed in the 200 g or 300 g IPS Investment Ring System. Before sprueing, weigh the ring base and record the weight (seal the opening of the ring base with wax).

We recommend the following procedure to determine the accurate wax weight: – Weigh the IPS ring base (seal the opening of the ring base

with wax)

– Position the objects to be pressed on the ring base and

attach them with wax. Weigh again.

– The wax weight is calculated by deducting the weight of

the ring base and the weight of the ZirCAD framework from the total weight.

– Use the respective number of ingots for the calculated wax

weight.

1 ingot 2 ingots 3 ingots 6 ingots

Wax Weight max. 0.7 g max. 1.7 g max. 2.2 g max. 5.1 g

Investment Ring System 100 g, 200 g 100 g, 200 g 300 g 300 g

Clinical Steps, Framework Preparation, Contouring, Pressing Procedure

The following sprueing guidelines must be observed: – Observe a distance of at least 10 mm between the wax-up objects and silicone ring. – The maximum length (wax objects + sprue) of 16 mm (100 g, 200 g) or 20 mm (300 g) must not be exceeded. – If only one object is invested, a second short (blind) sprue must be placed. This ensures that the switch-off function of

the furnace works properly at the end of the pressing procdure. – If the 100 g IPS Investment Ring System is used, a somewhat steeper sprueing angle to the ring base must be observed. – In bridges, provide at least one sprue for each bridge element. – In large crowns and/or bridge units (e.g. molars) 2 sprues should be provided (see”Sprueing of long-span bridges”).

Page 22

Sprueing the single tooth restorations

min.

10 mm

45-60°

max. 16 mm

min. 10 mm

min.

10 mm

45-60°

max. 16 mm

min. 10 mm

min.

10 mm

45-60°

max. 16 mm

in. 10 mm

max. 20 mm

min. 10 mm

min.

10 mm

PS Investment Ring System 100 g, 200 g or 300 g

Sprueing of bridges

IPS Investment Ring System 200 g or 300 g

Anterior Crown

3-Unit Bridge

PS Investment Ring System 100 g, 200 g or 300 g

Posterior Crown

Long-Span Bridges

IPS Investment Ring System 300 g

Page 23

The following sprueing guidelines must be observed:

Investment Ring System

Diameter of the wax wire

Length of the wax wire

Length of the wax wire including waxed-up object

Sprue attachmenet point at the waxed-up object

Sprue angle to the waxed-up object

Sprue angle to the ring base

Design of the attachment points

Distance between the objects and the sprues

Single-Tooth Restorations

100 g, 200 g, 300 g

3 mm

min. 3 mm, max. 8 mm

max. 16 mm (100 g, 200 g)

max. 20 mm (300 g)

thickest part of the wax-up

axial

45–60°

round and slightly tapered,

no sharp angles or edges

min. 3 mm

Bridges

200 g, 300 g

3 mm

min. 3 mm, max. 8 mm

max. 16 mm (200 g,)

max. 20 mm (300 g)

bridge abutments and

each bridge pontic

axial

45–60°

round and slightly tapered,

no sharp angles or edges

min. 3 mm

Clinical Steps, Framework Preparation, Contouring, Pressing Procedure

Distance to the silicone ring

Note

On the selected IPS investment ring base, attach sprues in the direction of ﬂow of the ceramic and to the thickest parts of the restorations.

(check with the IPS Sprue Guide)

Correct sprueing is checked using the IPS Sprue Guide.

min. 10 mm

Larger bridges may also be placed in

Tip

To faciliate divesting, the position of the objects can be marked on the ring base with a little wax prior to investment.

min. 10 mm

(check with the IPS Sprue Guide)

the center of the investment ring.

Page 24

Investing

Investing is carried out using either IPS PressVEST (e.g. overnight) or IPS PressVEST Speed. The corresponding IPS Silicone Ring (100 g, 200 g, 300 g) with the matching IPS Ring Gauge is used for investment. Please refer to the Instructions for Use of the corresponding investment material for the detailed processing parameters. If resin objects are invested, the conventional investment material should be preferred. The use of the Speed version presents an increased risk of investment ring cracks.

The following procedure is recommended: – Do not use a debubblizer on the wax objects. – The processing temperature of the investment material is 18 – max. 23 °C (64–73°F). Higher or lower processing temperatures substantial-

ly affect the setting behaviour. – Mix the investment material. Note: The investment material contains quartz powder. Therefore, avoid the inhalation of dust. – Use a suitable instrument for the ﬁne investment of the cavity (e.g. a small brush). Make sure that the delicate wax margins are not

damaged. – Carefully place the IPS Silicone Ring on the ring base without damaging the wax objects. The silicone ring must sit ﬂush on the ring base. – Carefully ﬁll the investment ring with investment material up to the marking on the IPS Silicone Ring. Make sure that no air is trapped in

the material. – Position the ring gauge with a hinged movement. – Allow the investment ring to set without manipulating it. – The invested ring must be further processed after a setting time of 24 hours at the latest to prevent crystallization of the IPS Press VEST

investment material.

IPS PressVEST

100 g

Investment Ring

Liquid : Dist. Water

200 g

Investment Ring

Liquid : Dist. Water

300 g

Investment Ring

Liquid : Dist. Water

100 g

Investment Ring

Liquid : Dist. Water

Indication

IPS e.max ZirPress

Pressing Over Single Tooth Frameworks, Abutments

13 ml : 9 ml

15.5 ml : 6.5 ml

Pressing Over Bridge Frameworks

Mixing Time

(under vacuum at approx.. 350 rpm)

Use the IPS Silicone Ring for investment. Use a suitable instrument for the ﬁne investment (e.g. a small brush).

26 ml : 18 ml 31 ml : 13 ml

60 seconds

39 ml : 27 ml

16 ml : 11 ml 32 ml : 22 ml

If a high-speed mixer is used, the mixing time under vacuum

IPS PressVEST Speed

200 g

Investment Ring

Liquid : Dist. Water

27 ml : 27 ml

2.5 minutes

has to be reduced.

300 g

Investment Ring

Liquid : Dist. Water

48 ml : 33 ml

Pour the investment material in a thin stream. Allow the investment ring to set without manipulating it.

Page 25

Preheating

After the stipulated setting time of the respective investment material (IPS PressVEST or IPS PressVEST Speed), the investment ring is prepared for preheating as follows: – Remove the ring gauge with a turning movement. – Carefully push the investment ring out of the IPS Silicone Ring. – Remove the ring base with a turning movement. – Remove rough spots on the bottom surface of the investment ring with a plaster knife. Check the 90° angle. Investment

material residue must not enter the sprues. Blow into the sprues if necessary.

– If several investment rings are preheated together, mark them accordingly.

Setting time

Temperature of the preheating furnace when placing the investment ring

Position of the investment ring in the preheating furnace

IPS e.max ZirPress ingots

IPS Alox Plunger or IPS One-Way Plunger 300 g

Note

IPS PressVEST

min. 1 hour, max. 24 hours

Room temperature max. heating

rate 5 °C/9°F/min. to 850°C/1562 °F

towards the rear wall, tipped with the

opening facing down

no preheating

IPS PressVEST Speed

min. 30 min., max. 45 min.

850 °C (1562 °F)

towards the rear wall, tipped with the

opening facing down

no preheating

If several Speed investments are to be

conducted, they should be invested

consecutively and placed into the

preheating furnace at an interval of

approximately 20 minutes. Make sure

that the furnace temperature does not

drop too much when placing the investment rings into the preheating furnace. The stipulated holding time counts from the point when the pre-

heating temperature has been reached

again.

Clinical Steps, Framework Preparation, Contouring, Pressing Procedure

towards the rear wall, tipped with the opening facing down

Do not preheat the ZirPress ingot and Alox plunger.

Page 26

Pressing

Carry out the following preparatory steps for pressing before the preheating cycle for the investment ring has been completed: – Switch on and preheat the press furnace in time. – Select the press program for IPS e.max ZirPress in accordance with the investment ring size used. – Prepare the cold IPS Alox Plunger or cold IPS One-Way Plunger 300 g. – Dip the cold IPS Alox Plunger into the opening of the IPS Alox Plunger Separator. – Prepare thecold IPS e.max ZirPress ingot(s) in the required shade.

Remove the investment ring from the preheating furnace immediately after completion of the preheating cycle. This step may take 1 minute at most to prevent the investment ring from cooling down too much. – Place the cold IPS e.max ZirPress ingot into the hot investment ring. – Insert the ingots in the investment ring with the non-imprinted side facing down. The imprinted side faces up to check

the ingot shade. Use the IPS Ingot Tongs to load the 300 g investment system.

– Place the powder-coated side of the cold IPS Alox Plunger or the IPS One-Way Plunger 300 g into the hot investment

ring. – Place the completed investment ring in the center of the hot press furnace. – The selected press program is started by pressing START.

After the end of the press cycle (optical and/or acoustic signal), proceed as follows: – Remove the investment ring from the press furnace using the investment ring tongs immediately after pressing. – Place the investment ring on a cooling grid to cool in a place protected from draft. – Do not speed up cooling, e.g. by blasting with compressed air

Maximum number of ingots

IPS e.max ZirPress ingots

IPS Alox Plunger isolated with IPS Alox Plunger Separator

IPS One-Way Plunger 300 g

100 g Investment Ring

1 ingot

cold plunger

cold ingot

––

200 g Investment Ring

2 ingots

cold ingot

cold plunger

––

300 g Investment Ring

6 ingots

cold ingot

––

cold plunger

Page 27

Procedure for pressing when using the…

IPS Alox Plunger for the IPS Investment Ring System 100, 200 g

rovide a cold IPS Alox Plunger and cold IPS e.max

P ZirPress ingots in the desired shade.

Place the hot and completed investment ring in the center of the hot press furnace using the IPS Investment Ring

ongs

lace the cold IPS e.max ZirPress ingot into the hot

P investment ring, with shade imprint facing upward.

Press START to start the selected program. Once the press program is completed, place the hot invest-

IPS One-Way Plunger 300 g for the IPS Investment Ring System 300 g

hen, place the powder-coated side of the IPS Alox Plunger

T into the hot investment ring.

ment ring on the cooling grid using the investment ring

ongs and allow it to cool to room temperature.

Clinical Steps, Framework Preparation, Contouring, Pressing Procedure

Provide a cold IPS Alox-Plunger and cold IPS e.max ZirPress ingots in the desired shade.

Place the hot and completed investment ring in the center of the hot press furnace using the IPS Investment Ring Tongs

Place the cold IPS e.max ZirPress ingot into the hot investment ring, with shade imprint facing upward.

Press START to start the selected program. Once the press program is completed, place the hot invest-

Place the cold IPS One-Way Plunger 300 g ing the hot investment ring.

ment ring on the cooling grid using the investment ring tongs and allow it to cool to room temperature.

Page 28

Press parameters for IPS e.max Press

Programat EP 3000

Programat EP 5000

Select the press program in accordance with the investment ring size used.

Note:

Starting with software version V3.3, the IPF (Intelligent Press Function) is available for IPS e.max ZirPress. With this function, the pressing times in the IPS Investment Ring System 300 g can be substantially shortened.

The press parameters for older-generation press furnaces are listed on Page 73 under Press Parameters.

Page 29

Divesting

After cooling to room temperature (approximately 60-90 minutes), the investment ring may show cracks which developed during the cooling phase (immediately around the Alox plunger) as a result of the different CTEs of the various materials (Alox plunger, investment material, ZirPress ingot). They do not compromise the press results in any way.

Divest the investment ring as follows: – Mark the length of the plunger on the cooled investment ring. – Separate the investment ring using a separating disk. Observe the marks on the invest-

ment ring regarding the position of the restoration. This predetermined breaking point

enables reliable separation of the investment material and the ceramic material. – Break the investment ring at the predetermined breaking point using a plaster knife. – Always use polishing beads to divest the pressed objects (rough and ﬁne divestment). – Rough divestment is carried out with polishing beads at 4 bar (60 psi) pressure. – Fine divestment is carried out with polishing beads at 2 bar (30 psi) pressure. – Do not use Al2O3for rough and ﬁne divestment. – Observe the blasting direction and distance to prevent damage to the object margins

during divestment. – Remove possible ceramic residue at the Alox plunger with Type 100 Al2O3.

Mark the length of the Alox plunger.

Clinical Steps, Framework Preparation, Contouring, Pressing Procedure

Separate the Investment Ring System 200 g including the One-Way Plunger at the marking using a separating disk.

With the Investment Ring Systems 100 g and 200 g, separate the investment ring at the marking at the height of the Alox plunger.

Rough divesting with polishing jet medium at 4 bar pressure until the objects become visible. Use 2 bar pressure for ﬁne divesting.

Tip

For long-span restorations, it is recommended to cut the sprues while the restoration is still in the investment ring in order to relieve tensions before ﬁnal divestment. Make sure not to damage the restoration when cutting the various sprues.

Page 30

Removing the Reaction Layer

After ﬁne divestment, the reaction layer formed during the press procedure is removed using IPS e.max Press Invex Liquid. The procedure is carried out as follows: – Pour the Invex Liquid into a plastic cup. – Immerse the pressed object in the Invex Liquid and clean with ultrasound for at least 5 and max. 10 min. at most. Make

sure that the objects are covered with Invex Liquid. – Next, thoroughly rinse the objects with running water and blow them dry. – Carefully remove the white reaction layer with type 100 Al2O3at max. 1-2 bar (15-30 psi) pressure. – Make sure that the reaction layer is completely removed (repeat the procedure, if necessary). – If the reaction layer is not completely removed, bubbles may form, which subsequently may lead to bonding problems

and cracks in the layering ceramic. – Replace the Invex liquid after 20 applications or after sedimentation of the liquid.

Remove the reaction layer with Invex and carefully clean with Al2O3at max. 1-2 bar (15-30 psi) pressure.

Warning

– The Invex liquid contains < 1% hydroﬂuoric acid. – It is harmful when inhaled or swallowed and when it comes into contact with the skin. Furthermore, it is corrosive. – Keep the container tightly sealed and store it in a well-ventilated place (acid cabinet). – If the material comes into contact with the eyes, immediately rinse with copious amounts of water and see a physician immediately. – In case of accidental contact with skin, immediately wash with plenty of water. – Use suitable protective clothing, gloves and goggles when working. – In case of an accident or physical discomfort, see a physician immediately. Bring the Invex label, if possible.

Disposal

– Neutralized the Invex Liquid before disposal! – Use the IPS Ceramic Neutralization Powder to neutralize the Invex Liquid. – For 50 ml Invex Liquid, approximately 3–4 g of IPS Ceramic Neutralization Powder are required – Note: Strong foam development during neutralization. – Carefully add the neutralization powder to the Invex Liquid in small portions until foam is no longer formed; then allow a reaction

time of 5 minutes. – If larger quantities are disposed, check the liquid with litmus paper (must show an alkaline reaction). – After the reaction time, pour the neutralized solution into the sink, ﬂushing it with running water.

Page 31

e.max

IPS

ZirPress

Staining Technique

In the staining technique, the fully anatomical, pressed restorations are completed by the application of stains (IPS e.max Ceramic Shades, Essence) and glazing materials. In this way, the use of translucent IPS e.max ZirPress blocks permit the fabrication of very esthetic restorations on only slightly or non-discoloured preparations with minimum effort.

Observe the following procedure for ﬁnishing IPS e.max ZirPress restorations: – Even though adjustment by grinding of pressed IPS e.max ZirPress restorations is possible, it should be kept to a

minimum. – Wet the area to be ground and use a ﬁne diamond disk to cut the sprues. – Overheating of the ceramic must be avoided. Low speed and light pressure is recommended. – Smooth out the attachment points of the sprues. – Do not ”post-separate” the framework connectors with separating disks. This may result in undesired predetermined

breaking points, which will subsequently compromise the stability of the all-ceramic restoration. – Check the occlusion and articulation and grind in the appropriate adjustments, if necessary. – Design surface textures. – To clean the restoration, brieﬂy blast with Al2O3at 1 bar (15 psi) pressure and clean with the steam jet. – Some blasting devices may require different pressure settings to accomplish this procedure.

Staining Technique

Use a ﬁne separating disk and continuous water cooling to cut the sprues.

Blast the restoration with Type 1 Al2O3at 1 bar (15 psi) pressure.

Smooth out the attachment points of the sprue using low speed and light pressure and

Before staining and characterization, thoroughly clean the restoration under running water or

design a natural surface structure.

with a steam jet.

Page 32

Stain and Characterization Firing

The following paragraphs will explain the most important steps for staining and characterizing with IPS e.max Ceram Essence and Shade. For further information on the nano-fluorapatite layering ceramic and its processing, please refer to the IPS e.max Ceram Instructions for Use.

– IPS e.max Ceram Shades are ready-to-use stains in syringes. – IPS e.max Ceram Essence are intensively shaded powdered stains which are mixed with

IPS e.max Ceram Glaze and Stain Liquid. – IPS e.max Ceram Glaze Paste is a ready-to-use glaze paste supplied in a syringe. – IPS e.max Ceram Glaze Spray is a ready-to-use glaze spray. – IPS e.max Ceram Glaze Powder is a glazing material in powder form to mix with

IPS e.max Ceram Glaze and Stain Liquid.

Before the Stain and Characterization firing, the restoration must be free of dirt and grease. Any contamination after cleaning must be prevented. The following steps must be observed: – For better wetting of the stains, a small quantity of IPS e.max Ceram Glaze and Stain Liquid may be slightly rubbed into

the restoration surface. – Mix the paste or powder with the IPS e.max Ceram Glaze and Stain Liquids allround or longlife to the desired

consistency. – More intensive shades are achieved by several staining procedures and repeated firing, not by applying thicker layers. – To imitate the incisal area and translucency in the incisal third, IPS e.max Ceram Shade Incisal may be used. – The cusps and fissures can be individualized using Essence. – Conduct the Stain and Characterization firing using the indicated firing parameters.

Coat the surface with a small amount of the IPS e.max Ceram Glaze and Stain Liquid to enhance the wettability of the surface.

Individually design cusps and ﬁssures using Essence.

Apply IPS e.max Ceram Shade Incisal to imitate the incisal area.

Conduct the Stain and Characterization ﬁring on a honey-combed tray using

the indicated ﬁring parameters.

Firing parameters for the Stain and Characterization ﬁring

IPS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress B S tÀ T H V1 V2 L

Staining technique

Stain and Characterization Firing 403/757 6:00 60/108 770/1418 1:00-2:00 450/842 769/1416 450/842

°C/°F min. °C/°F/min. °C/°F min. °C/°F °C/°F °C/°F

Additional Stain and Characterization ﬁring cycles can be conducted with the same ﬁring parameters.

Page 33

Glaze Firing

Glaze ﬁring is conducted with powder, paste or spray glaze. The following procedure is recommended: – Mix the glazing material (IPS e.max Ceram Glaze Paste or Powder) with the IPS e.max Ceram Glaze and Stain Liquids all-

round or longlife to the desired consistency. – Apply the glazing material in an evenly covering layer on the restoration in the usual manner. – If a higher fluorescence is desired in the cervical area, it can be achieved using the Glaze Fluo material (paste or

powder). – If the IPS e.max Ceram Glaze Spray accidentally reached the inner aspects of the restoration, remove it with a dry short-

hair brush before firing. Please observe the Instructions for Use of the IPS e.max Ceram Glaze Spray! – Conduct the Glaze firing on a honey-combed firing tray using the stipulated firing parameters. – Remove the restoration from the furnace after completion of the firing cycle (wait for the acoustic signal of the furnace). – Allow the objects to cool to room temperature in a place protected from draft. – Do not touch the hot objects with metal tongs. – If adjustments are required after Glaze firing (e.g. contact points), they may be applied using IPS e.max Ceram Add-On

(see page 46).

Glaze ﬁring with

IPS e.max Ceram Glaze Paste or Powder

Glaze ﬁring with

IPS e.max Ceram Glaze Spray

Staining Technique

Apply the glaze evenly on the surface.

Evenly spray on the IPS e.max Ceram Glaze Spray. If the Glaze Spray accidentally reaches

the inner aspects of the restoration, remove it with a dry brush and subsequently conduct

the Glaze Firing using the stipulated ﬁring parameters.

Firing parameters for the Glaze ﬁring – note the temperature control

IPS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress B S tÀ T H V1 V2 L

Staining technique

Glaze ﬁring 403/757 6:00 60/108 770/1418 1:00-2:00 450/842 769/1416 450/842

°C/°F min. °C/°F/min. °C/°F min. °C/°F °C/°F °C/°F

If the gloss is unsatisfactory after the ﬁrst Glaze ﬁring, further Glaze ﬁring procedures may be conducted using the same ﬁring parameters.

Completed IPS e.max ZirPress HT restoration – fabricated in the staining technique

Page 34

Example of use: IPS e.max ZirPress HT inlay-retained bridge

Application of the ZirLiner on the sintered IPS e.max ZirCAD framework. Use ZirLiner orange

n the ﬁssure area.

Fully anatomical wax-up of the inlay-retained bridge. The ZirCAD framework must be designed in such a way that all preparation margins can be designed in wax and IPS e.max ZirPress.

For the ﬁring procedure, position the framework on the honey-combed ﬁring tray using metal

Wax-up sprued with a wax wire (ø 3 mm). A holding pin at the ZirCAD framework secures

the framework in the investment material.

ins and IPS Object Fix Flow.

Pressed inlay-retained bridge on the model. The Stain and Glaze ﬁring is conducted with IPS e.max Ceram Glaze, Shades and Essence

Page 35

Completed inlay-retained bridge made of IPS e.max ZirPress HT and IPS e.max ZirCAD

Staining Technique

Inlay-retained bridge made of IPS e.max ZirPress HT and IPS e.max ZirCAD in transmitted light.

The dental lab work was performed by

Jürgen Seger, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan/Liechtenstein

Page 36

e.max

IPS

ZirPress

Cut-Back Technique

In the cut-back technique, IPS e.max Ceram Impulse and Incisal materials are applied in the incisal and/or occlusal area of the reduced IPS e.max ZirPress. The limited application of layering material permits achieving highly esthetic restorations in an efﬁcient manner.

Finishing

It is of critical importance to use the correct grinding instruments for ﬁnishing and adjusting high-strength glass-ceramics. If unsuitable grinding instruments are used, chipping of the edges and local overheating may occur (please observe the Ivoclar Vivadent Flow Chart ”Recommended grinding tools for PS e.max glass-ceramics2.

Observe the following procedure for ﬁnishing IPS e.max ZirPress restorations: – Even though adjustment by grinding of pressed IPS e.max ZirPress restorations is possible, it should be kept to a

minimum. – Separate the sprues with a ﬁne diamond disk under permanent water cooling of the cutting area. – Overheating of the ceramic must be avoided. Low speed and light pressure is recommended. – Smooth out the attachment points of the sprues. – Do not ”post-separate” the framework connectors with separating disks. This may result in undesired predetermined

breaking points, which will subsequently compromise the stability of the all-ceramic restoration. – If a fully anatomical wax-up was pressed, the restoration is now cut back. Cut back the restoration to make room for the

application of the subsequent layers of Incisal and Impulse materials. Make sure that the minimum thicknesses are

maintained even after the cut-back. – If the reduction was already carried out on the wax-up, the surface requires slight ﬁnishing. – Make sure that the minimum thickness of 0.6 mm for the pressed ceramic is maintained. If this is not the case, shade

deviations may occur. – To clean the restoration, brieﬂy blast with Al2O3at 1 bar (15 psi) pressure and clean with the steam jet. – Some blasting devices may require different pressure settings to accomplish this procedure.

Separate the sprues with a thin diamond disk and ﬁt the restoration on the model.

Smooth out the attachment points of the sprues using low speed and light pressure and ﬁnish the surfaces.

IPS e.max ZirPress restoration with cut-back

Page 37

Blast the restoration with Type 100 Al2O3at 1 bar (15 psi) pressure. Thoroughly clean the surface with a steam jet prior to the wash ﬁring and subsequently dry.

Veneering with IPS e.max Ceram

The following paragraphs will explain the most important veneering steps. For further information on the nano-ﬂuorapatite layering ceramic and its processing, please refer to the IPS e.max Ceram Instructions for Use.

Cut-Back Technique

Page 38

Wash ﬁring (foundation)

The restoration must be free of dirt and grease before the wash ﬁring is done. Any contamination after cleaning must be prevented. Conduct the wash ﬁring, e.g. with Transpa Incisal, Impulse or Shades and Essence.

Option A: Powder

With ideal space, conduct the wash ﬁring with the required IPS e.max Ceram Transpa Incisal and/or Impulse material. Use the IPS e.max Ceram Build-Up Liquids allround or soft to mix the materials. If a more plastic consistency is desired, IPS e.max Ceram Glaze and Stain Liquid allround of longlife can be used. Apply the wash in a thin coat on the reduced (cut-back) areas and ﬁre using the stipulated ﬁring parameters.

Apply the wash using Transpa Incisal and/or Impulse materials…

Option B: Paste

With limited space or to enhance the in-depth chroma effect, the wash ﬁring can be conducted with IPS e.max Ceram Shades and Essence. Mix the paste or powder with the IPS e.max Ceram Glaze and Stain Liquids allround or longlife to the desired consistency. Apply the wash in a thin coat on the entire framework and ﬁre using the stipulated ﬁring parameters.

Apply the wash using Shades and Essence…

…and ﬁre using the indicated ﬁring parameters.

…and ﬁre using the indicated

ﬁring parameters.

Layering materials must not be applied on unﬁred wash layers (powders and pastes), since this will result in a delamination of the layering ceramic. The wash (foundation) must be ﬁred before the actual layering procedure is started.

Firing parameters for the Wash ﬁring (foundation ﬁring)

IPS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress B S tÀ T H V1 V2 L

Cut-Back and Layering Technique

Wash ﬁring (foundation) 403/757 4:00 40/72 750/1382 1:00 450/842 749/1380 0

°C/°F min. °C/°F/min °C/°F min. °C/°F °C/°F °C/°F

Page 39

Incisal ﬁring

With the IPS e.max Ceram layering materials (e.g. Transpa, Transpa Incisal, Impulse), the anatomical shape is completed and the individual esthetic appearance achieved. Use the IPS e.max Ceram Build-Up Liquids allround or soft to mix the materials. If required, conduct a second Incisal ﬁring using the same ﬁring parameters.

pplication of Impulse materials, e.g. Opal Effect 1

omplete the restoration using, Incisal materials and Opal Effect 3, for instance.

Cut-Back Technique

Place restoration on the ﬁring tray and ﬁre with the ﬁring parameters for the Incisal ﬁring.

Restoration after Incisal ﬁring

Firing parameters for the Incisal ﬁring

IPS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress B S tÀ T H V

Cut-Back and Layering Technique

°C/°F min. °C/°F/min °C/°F min. °C/°F °C/°F °C/°F

Incisal ﬁring 403/757 4:00 40/72 750/1382 1:00 450/842 749/1380 0

Page 40

Preparing for Stain and Glaze ﬁring

Before the Stain and Glaze ﬁring, the restoration has to be prepared as follows: – Finish the restoration using diamonds and give it a true-to-nature shape and surface structure, such as growth lines and

convex/concave areas. – Areas which should exhibit a higher gloss after Glaze ﬁring can be smoothed out and prepolished using silicone disks. – If gold and/or silver dust was used to visualize the surface texture, the restoration has to be thoroughly cleaned with

steam. Make sure to remove all gold or silver dust in order to avoid any discolouration.

inish the restoration with diamonds and give it a true-to-nature shape and surface structure.

Stain and Glaze ﬁring

Stain ﬁring is conducted with IPS e.max Ceram Essence and/or IPS e.max Ceram Shades, while Glaze ﬁring is carried out with IPS e.max Ceram. Depending on the situation, the Stain and Glaze ﬁrings may be conducted together or separately one after the other. The ﬁring parameters are identical. In order to achieve an even gloss during Glaze ﬁring of cut-back restorations veneered with IPS e.max Ceram, two different procedures are possible:

Standard

(high-gloss appearance)

– Prepolish unlayered areas (IPS e.max ZirPress) using

rubber wheels.

– Rub the surface with moist ceramic in order to improve

the wetting properties of the surface. – Clean the restoration with steam – Apply IPS e.max Ceram Glaze(Paste, Powder, or Spray)

on the entire restoration.

– Prepolish unlayered areas (IPS e.max ZirPress) using

rubber wheels.

– Rub the surface with moist ceramic in order to improve

the wetting properties of the surface. – Clean the restoration with steam – Apply IPS e.max Ceram Glaze (Paste or Powder) only on

unlayered areas (IPS e.max ZirPress).

Option

(true-to-nature appearance)

– Use Self-Glaze for veneered areas.

Apply IPS e.max Ceram Glaze on the entire restoration

Apply IPS e.max Ceram Glaze only on

unlayered areas

Page 41

Observe the following notes for the Stain and Glaze ﬁring: – Conduct the Stain and Glaze ﬁring on a honey-combed ﬁring tray using the stipulated ﬁring parameters. – Remove restoration from the furnace after completion of the ﬁring cycle (wait for the acoustic signal of the furnace). – Allow the objects to cool to room temperature in a place protected from draft. – Do not touch the hot objects with metal tongs. – If adjustments are required after Glaze ﬁring (e.g. contact points), they may be applied using IPS e.max Ceram Add-On

(see page 46).

Firing parameters for the Stain and Glaze ﬁring

Cut-Back Technique

PS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress B S

Cut-Back and Layering Technique

Stain ﬁring 403/757 6:00 60/108 725/1337 1:00 450/842 724/1335 450/842

laze ﬁring 403/757 6:00 60/108 725/1337 1:00 450/842 724/1335 450/842

C/°F min. °C/°F/min °C/°F min. °C/°F °C/°F °C/°F

tÀ T

H V

1 V2 L

Completed IPS e.max ZirPress restoration pressed partially reduced and veneered with IPS e.max Ceram

Jürgen Seger, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan/Liechtenstein

The dental lab work was performed by

Page 42

e.max

IPS

ZirPress

Layering Technique

The layering technique is used in particular for pressing a dentin core or shoulder onto zirconium oxide frameworks. Individual and highly esthetic restorations can be fabricated using the IPS e.max Ceram layering materials.

Finishing

It is of critical importance to use the correct grinding instruments for ﬁnishing and adjusting glass-ceramics. If unsuitable grinding instruments are used, chipping of the edges and local overheating may occur (please observe the Ivoclar Vivadent Flow Chart ”Recommended grinding tools for PS e.max glass-ceramics”.

Observe the following procedure for ﬁnishing IPS e.max ZirPress restorations: – Separate the sprues with a ﬁne diamond disk under permanent

water cooling of the cutting area.

– Overheating of the ceramic must be avoided. Low speed and light

pressure is recommended. – Smooth out the attachment points of the sprues. – Do not ”post-separate” the framework connectors with separating disks. This may result in undesired predetermined

breaking points, which will subsequently compromise the stability of the all-ceramic restoration. – To clean the restoration, brieﬂy blast with Al2O3at 1 bar (15 psi) pressure and clean with the steam jet. – Do not blast ZirLiner or only very carefully in order not to remove it. – Some blasting devices may require different pressure settings to accomplish this procedure.

estoration after divesting

Veneering with IPS e.max Ceram

Page 43

Wash ﬁring (foundation)

The restoration must be free of dirt and grease prior to the application of the wash. Any contamination after cleaning must be prevented. Wash ﬁring is carried out with IPS e.max Ceram Deep Dentin or IPS e.max Ceram Dentin.

The following steps must be observed: – Use the IPS e.max Ceram Build-Up Liquids allround or soft to mix

the Deep Dentin or Dentin materials. If a more plastic consistency is desired, IPS e.max Ceram Glaze and Stain Liquid allround of longlife can be used.

– Apply the wash in a thin coat on the entire restoration.

onduct the wash ﬁring with Deep Dentin or Dentin materials.

Firing parameters for the Wash ﬁring (foundation ﬁring)

Layering Technique

PS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress B S

Cut-Back and Layering Technique

ash ﬁring (foundation) 403/757 4:00 40/72 750/1382 1:00 450/842 749/1380 0

°C/°F min. °C/°F/min °C/°F min. °C/°F °C/°F °C/°F

tÀ T

H V

1 V2 L

Optional

Wash ﬁring (foundation) characterization

IPS e.max Ceram Essence can be used to design intensively characterized areas. These materials are excellently suitable for individualized characterizations.

Firing parameters for the Wash ﬁring (foundation ﬁring) characterization

IPS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress B S tÀ T H V1 V2 L

Cut-Back and Layering Technique

Wash ﬁring (foundation) characterization 403/757 4:00 40/72 750/1382 1:00 450/842 749/1380 0

°C/°F min. °C/°F/min °C/°F min. °C/°F °C/°F °C/°F

Layering materials must not be applied on unﬁred wash layers, since this will result in a delamination of the layering ceramic. The wash (foundation) must be ﬁred before the actual layering procedure is started.

Page 44

Dentin/Incisal ﬁring

The layering procedure is conducted with IPS e.max Ceram layering material in accordance with the layering diagram. To achieve the desired consistency, the IPS e.max Ceram Build-Up Liquid allround and soft can be used. If a different consistency is desired, the liquids can also be mixed in any ratio.

Contour the tooth shape with IPS e.max Ceram layering materials.

Firing parameters for the 1stDentin and Incisal ﬁring

IPS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress B S tÀ T H V

Cut-Back and Layering Technique

°C/°F min. °C/°F/min °C/°F min. °C/°F °C/°F °C/°F

1stDentin/Incisal ﬁring 403/757 4:00 40/72 750/1382 1:00 450/842 749/1380 0

Dentin/Incisal ﬁring (corrective ﬁring)

Compensate for the shrinkage and complete the missing areas.

Firing parameters for the 2

Dentin and Incisal ﬁring – note the temperature control

IPS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress B S tÀ T H V1 V2 L

Cut-Back and Layering Technique

°C/°F min. °C/°F/min °C/°F min. °C/°F °C/°F °C/°F

2ndDentin/Incisal ﬁring 403/757 4:00 40/72 750/1382 1:00 450/842 749/1380 0

Stain and Glaze ﬁring

(see page 46).

Firing parameters for the Stain and Glaze ﬁring

IPS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress B S tÀ T H V

Cut-Back and Layering Technique

°C/°F min. °C/°F/min °C/°F min. °C/°F °C/°F °C/°F

Stain ﬁring 403/757 6:00 60/108 725/1337 1:00 450/842 724/1335 450/842

Glaze ﬁring 403/757 6:00 60/108 725/1337 1:00 450/842 724/1335 450/842

Page 45

Layering Technique

Completed restoration after the Stain and Glaze ﬁring.

The dental lab work was runner-up in the Golden Parallelometer 2007 competition.

Images courtesy of Katrin Rohde, MDT, Schorndorf, Germany.

Page 46

Adjustments with IPS e.max Ceram Add-On

There are 3 IPS e.max Ceram Add-On materials available for adjustments, which are processed differently depending on their application.

Option 1: Add-On with Glaze Firing

This option is used if minor adjustments are made together with the Glaze ﬁring. For this option, proceed as follows: – Mix IPS e.max Ceram Add-On Dentin and Add-On Incisal with IPS e.max Ceram Dentin and Transpa Incisal in a 1:1 ratio. – Use IPS e.max Ceram Add-On Margin unmixed. – Mix IPS e.max Ceram Add-On with IPS e.max Ceram Build-Up Liquid soft or allround. – Apply the Add–On material on the respective areas. – Fire with the stipulated parameters for the “Add-On with Glaze ﬁring”. – Polish the adjusted areas to a high gloss after ﬁring.

Option 2: Add-On after Glaze Firing

After completion and try-in with the patient, further adjustments (e.g. contact points) might be necessary. For this option, proceed as follows: – Mix IPS e.max Ceram Add-On Dentin and Add-On Incisal with IPS e.max Ceram Build-Up Liquid soft or allround and

apply on the corresponding areas. – Fire with the stipulated parameters for the “Add-On after Glaze ﬁring”. – Polish the adjusted areas to a high gloss after ﬁring.

Firing parameters: Add-On with or after Glaze Firing

IPS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress B S tÀ T H V

Cut-Back and Layering Technique

Add-On with Glaze Firing 403/757 6:00 60/108 725/1337 1:00 450/842 724/1335 450/842

Add-On after Glaze Firing 403/757 6:00 50/90 700/1292 1:00 450/842 699/1290 450/842

°C/°F min. °C/°F/min °C/°F min. °C/°F °C/°F °C/°F

Page 47

e.max

IPS

ZirPress Gingiva

Gingiva Technique

IPS e.max ZirPress Gingiva technique can be used to fabricate gingival parts in conjunction with the press-on zirconium oxide. The advantages of this technique are the more efﬁcient working method and increased processing reliability mainly for larger restorations. By using the press technique, it is possible to fabricate homogeneous precision gingival portions which make time-consuming adjustments and corrective ﬁring cycles a thing of the past. The tooth-shaded portions are built up using the IPS e.max Ceram layering materials, while the accuracy of ﬁt of IPS e.max ZirPress Gingiva is maintained. In addition, it is possible to characterize the restorations with IPS e.max Ceram Gingiva in the Dentin and Incisal ﬁring cycles.

Framework Design Criteria

The following guidelines have to be observed for the application of IPS e.max ZirPress Gingiva when designing the zirconium oxide framework:

– The IPS e.max ZirCAD framework material is the high-strength component of your restoration and should therefore be

designed in such a way that it supports the shape of the restorations as well as the cusps. This applies to the cusp

support and the gingival parts.

– With atrophied alveolar ridges, the excess in available space must be compensated by the design of the framework and

not by IPS e.max ZirPress Gingiva press ceramic.

Gingiva Technique

With atrophied alveolar ridges, the framework has to be adjusted to the course of the gingiva in the basal area.

Failure to observe the stipulated framework design criteria and minimum thicknesses may result in clinical failures, such as cracks, delamination and fracture of the restoration.

Please note:

– In order to ensure the desired gingiva shade as well complete pressing, a minimum thickness of 0.7 mm must be

observed.

– Free-standing (unsupported) gingival portions must not exceed a width of 2.5 mm.

Sintered zirconium oxide framework, adjusted to the course of the gingiva in the basal area.

Page 48

Framework Preparation and Application of ZirLiner

The framework is prepared according to the “Framework Preparation” notes (page 14ff). After preparing the framework, the following procedure has to be observed in the Gingiva technique:

– Before ZirLiner is applied, clean the framework with the steam jet. – The framework must not be blasted with Al2O3, since this would damage the surface. – IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner must always be applied prior to the wax-up in order to achieve a sound bond as well as an in-

depth shade effect and ﬂuorescence.

– Direct press-on procedures on zirconium oxide frameworks without using ZirLiner results in a poor bond and may lead to

cracks and delamination. Therefore, ZirLiner must be applied to all the areas onto which the restoration will be pressed.

Apply IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner Gingiva to all the areas of the framework onto which IPS e.max ZirPress Gingiva will be pressed.

– The IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner in the corresponding shade is also applied before the Gingiva pressing procedure on all

areas of the framework which will be veneered after pressing the gingival parts. – Mix the IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner with IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner Build-Up Liquid to a creamy consistency. – If a different consistency is desired, IPS e.max Ceram Build-Up Liquid (allround or soft), as well as the IPS e.max Ceram

Glaze and Stain Liquids (allround or longlife) may be used. The liquids may also be mixed with each other at any mixing

ratio. – Apply the different IPS e.max ZirLiners on the entire framework, paying special attention to the margins. If required, the

restoration may be vibrated until an even shade effect is achieved. If the colour appears too pale, the layer is too thin. – For more intensively shaded areas, four IPS e.max Ceram Intensive ZirLiners (yellow, orange, brown, incisal) are available. – After that, the applied ZirLiner is brieﬂy dried and ﬁred. – After ﬁring, the IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner should exhibit a layer thickness of approx. 0.1 mm.

Apply IPS e.max ZirLiner Gingiva in those areas to which IPS e.max ZirPress Gingiva will be subsequently pressed. Coat non-involved outer surfaces with IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner in the respective tooth shade and ﬁre.

Restoration after ZirLiner ﬁring

Firing parameters of IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner

IPS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress B S tÀ T H V1 V2 L

Gingiva Technique

ZirLiner ﬁring before wax-up and pressing 403/757 4:00 40/72 960/1760 1:00 450/842 959/1758 0

°C/°F min. °C/°F/min °C/°F min. °C/°F °C/°F °C/°F

Page 49

Contouring

Fabricate the wax-up using wax that burns out without leaving residue. The following procedure has to be applied for the gingiva technique:

– Isolate the plaster dies with a commercial plaster-wax separator. – Weigh the zirconium oxide framework onto which the IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner has been ﬁred and record weight. The

weight is used to determine the wax weight after contouring. – Subsequently, secure the framework on the model in the proper position and attach the margins with wax. – Contour the gingival protions. In order to exactly deﬁne the position and extension of gingival portions, it is also

possible to fabricate a fully anatomical wax-up with subsequent cut-back. – Observe a wax thickness of at least 0.7 mm to avoid incomplete press results. – The maximum thickness of 2.5 mm for free-standing (not framework-supported) gingival parts has to be observed.

alatal view of the waxed up gingival parts

ecure the zirconium oxide framework on the model, attach margins with wax and contour the

S gingival portions. Thickness of the gingival portions between 0.7 and 2.5 mm.

Gingiva Technique

In order to exactly deﬁne the position and extension of gingival portions, it is also possible to fabricate a fully anatomical wax-up with subsequent cut-back.

Page 50

Sprueing, Investing

Basically, the sprueing guidelines on pages 21ff apply.

Always attach the sprues in the direction of flow of the ceramic from the basal and at the thickest part of the wax-up so that smooth flowing of the viscous ceramic during pressing is enabled. Depending on the number and size of the objects to be invested, either the 100 g, 200 g, or 300 g IPS Investment Ring System is selected.

Provide sprues for the gingival parts at the thickest part…

For the processing steps preheating, pressing, divesting, removing the reaction layer and separating the restoration, please refer to the pages 25–30.

Please note:

– Blast the restoration with Al2O3(type 100) at 1-2 bar (15-30 psi) pressure after removing the reaction layer using

IPS e.max Press Invex Liquid. – Carefully blast the non-pressed areas (exposed ZirLiner) in order to avoid complete removal of the ZirLiner.

… and secure with wax on the ring base.

Finishing

Observe the following procedure for ﬁnishing IPS e.max ZirPress Gingiva: – Even though adjustment by grinding of pressed

IPS e.max ZirPress restorations is possible, it

should be kept to a minimum. – Separate the sprues with a ﬁne diamond disk

under permanent water cooling of the cutting

area. – Overheating of the ceramic must be avoided. Low speed and light pressure is recommended. – Smooth out the attachment points of the sprues. – Design surface textures. – To clean the restoration, brieﬂy blast with Al2O3at 1 bar (15 psi) pressure and clean with the steam jet. – Some blasting devices may require different pressure settings to accomplish this procedure.

Restoration with pressed gingival portions made of IPS e.max ZirPress Gingiva after divesting.

Page 51

Veneering with IPS e.max Ceram

Wash ﬁring (foundation)

The restoration must be free of dirt and grease prior to the application of the wash. Any contamination after cleaning must be prevented. Conduct the wash ﬁring with IPS e.max Deep Dentin or Dentin materials (IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner must not be used. Given its ﬁring temperature of 960°C/1760°F, it is exclusively suitable for use on zirconium oxide).

The following steps must be observed: – Use the IPS e.max Ceram Build-Up Liquids allround or soft to mix the IPS e.max Ceram Gingiva, Deep Dentin or Dentin

materials. – If a more plastic consistency is desired, IPS e.max Ceram Glaze and Stain Liquid allround or longlife can be used. – Apply the wash in a thin coat on the veneered areas and ﬁre. – If the gingival portions are subsequently individualized with Gingiva layering materials, the respective areas must be

covered with IPS e.max Ceram Gingiva for the wash ﬁring.

Gingiva Technique

Wash ﬁring is carried out with IPS e.max Ceram Deep Dentin or Dentin on the tooth-coloured areas and IPS e.max Ceram Gingiva on the gingival portions. Observe the ﬁring control!

After wash ﬁring

Firing parameters for the Wash ﬁring (foundation ﬁring)

IPS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress B S tÀ T H V1 V2 L

Gingiva Technique

Wash ﬁring (foundation) 403/757 4:00 40/72 750/1382 1:00 450/842 749/1380 450/842

°C/°F min. °C/°F/min °C/°F min. °C/°F °C/°F °C/°F

Page 52

Optional

Wash ﬁring (foundation) characterization

IPS e.max Ceram Essence can be used to design intensively characterized areas. These materials are excellently suitable for individualized characterizations.

Firing parameters for the Wash ﬁring (foundation ﬁring) characterization

IPS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress B S tÀ T H V1 V2 L

ingiva Technique

Wash ﬁring (foundation) characterization 403/757 4:00 40/72 750/1382 1:00 450/842 749/1380 450/842

°C/°F min. °C/°F/min °C/°F min. °C/°F °C/°F °C/°F

Page 53

Dentin and Incisal ﬁring

The layering procedure of the tooth-coloured parts is carried out in accordance with the layering diagram. To achieve the desired consistency of the ceramic material, the IPS e.max Ceram Build-Up Liquid allround and soft can be used. If a different consistency is desired, the liquids can also be mixed in any ratio.

Gingiva Technique

Contour the tooth shape with IPS e.max Ceram layering materials (Deep Dentin, Dentin, Incisal) according to the layering diagram.

Then the restoration is ﬁred using the ﬁring parameters for the 1stDentin and Incisal ﬁring.

Firing parameters for the 1

Dentin and Incisal ﬁring

eparate the interdental areas before ﬁring.

IPS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress B S tÀ T H V1 V2 L

Gingiva Technique

°C/°F min. °C/°F/min °C/°F min. °C/°F °C/°F °C/°F

1stDentin and Incisal ﬁring 403/757 4:00 40/72 750/1382 1:00 450/842 749/1380 450/842

Page 54

Dentin and Incisal ﬁring (corrective ﬁring)

Compensate for the shrinkage and complete the missing areas. If required, the gingival portions may be individualized using IPS e.max Ceram Gingiva.

ompensate for the shrinkage with Dentin, Transpa and Incisal materials. If required, the

C gingival portions may be individualized using IPS e.max Ceram Gingiva.

Then the restoration is ﬁred using the ﬁring parameters for the 2

Dentin and Incisal ﬁring.

Firing parameters for the 2ndDentin and Incisal ﬁring

PS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress B S

Gingiva Technique

°C/°F min. °C/°F/min °C/°F min. °C/°F °C/°F °C/°F

tÀ T

2ndDentin and Incisal ﬁring 403/757 4:00 40/72 750/1382 1:00 450/842 749/1380 450/842

H V

1 V2 L

Stain and Glaze ﬁring

Stain ﬁring is conducted with Essence and Shades, while glaze powder or paste is used for Glaze ﬁring. Depending on the situation, the Stain and Glaze ﬁrings may be conducted together or separately one after the other. The ﬁring parameters are identical. If necessary, the gingival portions may be characterized with IPS e.max Ceram Essence (rose, berry or aubergine)

Prepare the restoration for the Stain and Glaze ﬁring.

Apply IPS e.max Ceram Glaze, Essence and Shades.

Firing parameters for the Stain and Glaze ﬁring – note the temperature control

IPS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress B S tÀ T H V1 V2 L

Gingiva Technique

Stain ﬁring 403/757 6:00 60/108 725/1337 1:00 450/842 724/1335 450/842

°C/°F min. °C/°F/min °C/°F min. °C/°F °C/°F °C/°F

Glaze ﬁring 403/757 6:00 60/108 725/1337 1:00 450/842 724/1335 450/842

Page 55

Completed restoration after the Stain and Glaze ﬁring.

Gingiva Technique

The dental lab work was performed by

Thorsten Michel, MDT, Schorndorf, Germany.

Page 56

e.max

IPS

ZirPress

Abutment Technique

Pressing over Straumann®Anatomic IPS e.max®Abutment

Overview of the processing possibilities of the Straumann®Anatomic IPS e.max Abutment

Straumann Anatomic IPS e.max Abutment

IPS e.max Press

Indirect method

Cemented crowns and bridges

Direct method:

Screw-retained crowns

Optional

Adaption Emergence profile with IPS e.max Ceram

IPS e.max CAD

IPS e.max ZirCAD/ Ceram

IPS e.max ZirCAD/ ZirPress

Veneered with IPS e.max Ceram

Press over with IPS e.max ZirPress

Definition “Indirect / Direct Method”

Indirect method – Cemented crowns and bridges

– Straumann Anatomic IPS e.max Abutment screwed onto the implant – (Laboratory) Fabrication of the IPS e.max restoration same as on natural

– IPS e.max restorations incorporated using a cementation material

Direct method – Screw-retained crowns

– Direct veneering of the Straumann Anatomic IPS e.max Abutment with IPS e.max

– Screwing down of the veneered and/or pressed-over Straumann Anatomic IPS e.max

preparations

Ceram or direct pressing on of IPS e.max ZirPress

Abutment on the implant

Page 57

Preparing the Straumann®Anatomic IPS e.max®Abutment

The Straumann Anatomic IPS e.max Abutment is prepared according to the step-by-step instructions. For the selection of the grinding instruments, please refer to the Ivoclar Vivadent Flow Chart ”Recommended grinding tools for IPS e.max zirconium oxide”. Conduct a Regeneration ﬁring (see page 15) after preparing the abutment

Individualized Straumann®Anatomic IPS e.max®Abutment on the model

Please observe the following procedure for conducting the Regeneration ﬁring: – Clean and dry the abutment with a steam jet. – Position the abutment on a metal pin on a honey-combed tray. – Conduct the Regeneration firing in a ceramic furnace (e.g. Programat P700) using the respective parameters. – Do not adjust the abutment by grinding after the Regeneration firing. – Do not blast the framework with Al2O3or glass polishing beads before veneering, since this may cause lasting damage

to the surface. – Before veneering, clean the abutment with running water or the steam jet.

Abutment Technique

Firing parameters for the Regeneration ﬁring

Furnace

°C/°F

min

P300 P500 P700

EP 3000

403 757

0:18

EP 5000

P80 P100 P200

EP 600

PX1

403 757

0:18

0:30

°C/°F/min

117

°C/°F

1050 1922

min

15:00

°C/°F

750

1382

750

1382

750

1382

°C/°F/min

25 45

––

12 min

Page 58

Application of IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner

IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner must always be applied prior to the wax-up to achieve a sound bond between the abutment and IPS e.max ZirPress. With the application of the ZirLiner, the shade and ﬂuorescence are adjusted to the desired tooth shade. Direct press-on procedures on the abutments without using ZirLiner results in a poor bond and may lead to cracks and delamination.

– Do not blast the Straumann Anatomic IPS e.max Abutment with Al2O3or glass polishing beads, since this may damage the

surface. – Clean the abutment with the steam jet before the application of the IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner. – Mix the IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner in the desired shade with the respective IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner Build-Up Liquid to a

creamy consistency. – For shaded abutments, use IPS e.max ZirLiner clear. – If a different consistency is desired, IPS e.max Ceram Build-Up Liquid (allround or soft), as well as the IPS e.max Ceram Glaze

and Stain Liquids (allround or longlife) may be used. The liquids may also be mixed with each other at any mixing ratio. – Cover the areas to be pressed over with ZirLiner. If necessary, brieﬂy vibrate until an even, greenish colour effect is achieved.

If the colour appears too pale, the layer is too thin. – For more intensively shaded areas, four IPS e.max Ceram Intensive ZirLiners (yellow, orange, brown, incisal) are available. – It is important that no ZirLiner reaches the contact surface between the abutment and implant. – After that, the applied ZirLiner is dried. – Conduct the ﬁring on a honey-combed ﬁring tray. – After ﬁring, the IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner should exhibit a layer thickness of approx. 0.1 mm

Before the application of the ZirLiner, clean the abutment with the steam jet. Do not blast the abutment with Al2O3or glass polishing beads.

Cover the entire abutment with ZirLiner. The ﬁred ZirLiner shows a homogeneous, silky-mat surface.

Firing parameters for the IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner ﬁring

IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner on Straumann Anatomic IPS e.max

ZirLiner ﬁring 403/757 4:00 40/72 960/1760 1:00 450/842 959/1758 0

Abutment °C/°F min. °C/°F/min °C/°F min. °C/°F °C/°F °C/°F

B StÀ T HV1V

Page 59

Contouring

max. 2mm

Weigh the abutment with the ﬁred IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner and record the weight. The weight is used to determine the wax weight after contouring.

eigh the abutment with the ﬁred ZirLiner and record the weight.

Contour the restoration in accordance with the desired processing technique (staining, cut-back or layering technique). Please observe the following basic guidelines: – Isolate the plaster dies with a commercial plaster-wax separator. – Use only organic waxes for contouring, since they fire without leaving residue. – Secure the abutment on the model in the correct position and attach the margins with wax. – Seal the screw cavity with a placeholder (e.g. plastic tube). Isolate the placeholder before contouring. – Exact contouring for the restoration – For fully anatomical restorations, the possible occlusal relief must be taken into consideration as early as during the wax-

up, since the application of the Stains and Glaze results in slight increase in vertical dimensions.

Abutment Technique

Observe the following minimum and maximum layer thicknesses during contouring for pressing over the Straumann Anatomic IPS e.max Abutment with IPS e.max ZirPress. – In order to ensure the desired tooth shade as well as complete pressing, a minimum thickness of 0.7 mm must be

observed. – The maximum thickness of 2.0 mm must not be exceeded.

Anterior Region Premolar region

Page 60

Design the restoration to full anatomical contour for the staining technique so that is only requires glazing and, if necessary, characterization after pressing. Please note: The screw cavity must be accessible after pressing. For that purpose, a placeholder (e.g. plastic tube) is inserted into the screw cavity before contouring.

Fully anatomical wax-up made of organic wax on the IPS e.max Abutment. Observe the minimum and maximum layer thicknesses!

Seal the screw cavity with a placeholder (e.g. plastic tube).

Sprueing

Please observe the following procedure to sprue the wax-up: – Always attach the sprues in the direction of ﬂow of the ceramic and at the thickest part of the wax-up so that smooth

ﬂowing of the viscous ceramic during pressing is enabled. – Carefully remove the placeholder from the screw cavity. – Loosen the screw and remove the abutment from the model – Secure the sprued abutment with wax on the selected ring base – For further notes on sprueing, see pages 21ff.

Important: Areas not to be pressed over (screw cavity, implant connector) must be free of wax in order not to

compromise the accuracy of ﬁt!

We recommend the following procedure to determine the accurate wax weight: – Weigh the IPS ring base (seal the opening of the ring base with wax) – Position the objects to be pressed on the ring base and attach them with wax. Weigh

again. – The wax weight is calculated by deducting the weight of the ring base and the weight

of the abutment from the total weight. – Use the respective number of ingots for the calculated wax weight.

Page 61

Investing

– During investing, make absolutely sure that the screw cavity is

entirely ﬁlled with investment material so that no ceramic material is

pressed into it! – For further notes on investing, see page 24.

Preheating, Pressing For the processing steps preheating and pressing, please refer to the pages 25-28.

Divesting and removal of the reaction layer

Abutment Technique

For divesting, please observe the notes on page 29. To divest the pressed over abutment, the following additional notes have to be observed: – Fine divestment is carried out with polishing beads at 2 bar (30 psi)

pressure. Blast the exposed areas of the abutment with particular

care. – As soon as the screw cavity is accessible and the abutment/implant

interface is free of investment material, the polishing aid is screwed

on for protection. – The removal of the reaction layer in the IPS e.max Press Invex Liquid

is also carried out with the polishing aid screwed into place.

Page 62

Finishing

It is of critical importance to use the correct grinding instruments for finishing and adjusting high-strength glass-ceramics. If unsuitable grinding instruments are used, chipping of the edges and local overheating may occur (please observe the Ivoclar Vivadent Flow Chart ”Recommended grinding tools for PS e.max glass-ceramics”.

The following procedure is recommended for finishing pressed-over Straumann Anatomic IPS e.max Abutments: – The adjustment by grinding of pressed IPS e.max ZirPress restorations is kept to a minimum in the staining technique. – Separate the sprues with a ﬁne diamond disk under permanent water cooling of the cutting area. – Overheating of the ceramic must be avoided. Low speed and light pressure is recommended. – Smooth out the attachment points of the sprue. – Check the occlusion and articulation and grind in the appropriate adjustments, if necessary. – Design surface textures. – To clean the restoration, screw the abutment onto the polishing aid and brieﬂy blast with Al2O3at 1 bar (15 psi) pressure

and clean with the steam jet. Cover exposed abutment areas with wax!

Use a ﬁne separating disk and continuous water cooling to cut the sprues. Smooth out the attachment points of the sprue using low speed and light pressure and

Blast the pressed-on IPS e.max ZirPress with Type 1 Al2O3at 1 bar (15 psi) pressure with the polishing aid screwed into place.

Before staining and characterization, thoroughly clean the abutment under running water

design a natural surface structure.

and with a steam jet.

Page 63

Stain and Characterization Firing

Before the Stain and Characterization firing, the restoration must be free of dirt and grease. Any contamination after cleaning must be prevented.

The following procedure is recommended for finishing pressed-over Straumann Anatomic IPS e.max Abutments: – For better wetting behaviour, the surface of IPS e.max ZirPress may be wetted with a small quantity of IPS e.max Ceram

Glaze and Stain Liquid. – Mix the paste or powder with the IPS e.max Ceram Glaze and Stain Liquids allround or longlife to the desired

consistency. – More intensive shades are achieved by several staining procedures and repeated ﬁring, not by applying thicker layers. – To imitate the incisal area and translucency in the incisal third, IPS e.max Ceram Shade Incisal may be used. – The cusps and ﬁssures can be individualized using Essence. – Conduct the Stain and Characterization ﬁring using the indicated ﬁring parameters.

Abutment Technique

Coat the surface with a small amount of the IPS e.max Ceram Glaze and Stain Liquid to enhance the wettability of the surface. Apply IPS e.max Ceram Shade Incisal to imitate the incisal area.

Conduct the Stain and Characterization ﬁring on a honey-combed tray using the stipulated

ﬁring parameters.

Firing parameters for the Stain and Characterization ﬁring

IPS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress

Stain and Characterization ﬁring 403/842 6:00 60/108 770/1418 1:00-2:00 450/842 769/1416 450/842

B StÀ T HV1 V2 L

°C/°F min. °C/°F/min °C/°F min. °C/°F °C/°F °C/°F

Additional Stain and Characterization ﬁring cycles can be conducted with the same ﬁring parameters.

Page 64

Glaze Firing

Glaze firing is conducted with powder or paste glaze. The following procedure is recommended: – Mix the glazing material (IPS e.max Ceram Glaze Paste or Powder) with the IPS e.max Ceram Glaze and Stain Liquids all-

round or longlife to the desired consistency. – Apply the glazing material in an evenly covering layer on the restoration in the usual manner. – If a higher ﬂuorescence is desired in the cervical area, it can be designed with the ﬂuorescing Glaze material (paste or

powder). – If the IPS e.max Ceram Glaze Spray accidentally reached abutment, remove it with a dry short-hair brush before ﬁring.

Please observe the Instructions for Use of the IPS e.max Ceram Glaze Spray! – Conduct the Glaze ﬁring on a honey-combed ﬁring tray using the stipulated ﬁring parameters. – Remove the restoration from the furnace after completion of the ﬁring cycle (wait for the acoustic signal of the furnace). – Allow the objects to cool to room temperature in a place protected from draft. – Do not touch the hot objects with metal tongs. – If adjustments are required after Glaze ﬁring (e.g. contact points), they may be applied using IPS e.max Ceram Add-On

(see page 40).

Apply the Glaze in an even layer.

Conduct the Glaze ﬁring on a honey-combed tray with the stipulated parameters.

Firing parameters for the Glaze ﬁring

IPS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress

Glaze ﬁring 403/757 6:00 60/108 770/1418 1:00– 2:00 450/842 769/1416 450/842

B StÀ T HV1 V2 L

°C/°F min. °C/°F/min °C/°F min. °C/°F °C/°F °C/°F

If the gloss is unsatisfactory after the ﬁrst Glaze ﬁring, further Glaze ﬁring procedures may be conducted using the same ﬁring parameters.

IPS e.max ZirPress on Straumann Anatomic IPS e.max Abutment – fabricated in the staining technique.

Page 65

e.max

IPS

ZirPress

Seating and Follow-Up Care

Possibilities for Cementation

Possibilities for esthetic cementation are decisive for the harmonious shade effect of an all-ceramic restoration. Depending on the indication, IPS e.max ZirPress restorations can be seated using either adhesive, self-adhesive or conventional cementation.

– For the adhesive cementation of IPS e.max ZirPress restorations, Variolink®II, Variolink®Veneer or Multilink®Automix are

the ideal composites. – SpeedCEM is available for the self-adhesive cementation of IPS e.max ZirPress. – We recommend using the glass ionomer cement Vivaglass®CEM*, for the conventional cementation of IPS e.max ZirPress.

*The range of available products may vary from country to country.

Short definition of the different cementation methods

• Adhesive cementation

With adhesive cementation, the bond is also created by static friction, but primarily by the chemical and/or micro-

mechanical bond between the luting material and the restoration, as well as between the luting material and the

preparation. Given the chemical and/or micromechanical bond, retentive preparation is not required. Irrespective of the

cementation material, special adhesive systems are used on the preparation to generate the micromechanical bond with

the dentin and/or enamel.

Adhesive cementation results in enhanced ”(overall) strength” of the seated all-ceramic restoration.

• Self-Adhesive Cementation

The cementation material features self-etching properties to the tooth, which is why no additional special conditioning of

the tooth surface is necessary. Hence, the adhesion of the restoration is partially achieved by a micromechanical and/or

chemical bond. In order to achieve sufﬁcient bonding strength values, retentive preparation is recommended. Self-

adhesive cementation does not result in enhanced ”(overall) strength” of the seated all-ceramic restoration.

• Conventional Cementation

In the conventional cementation technique, the bond is achieved nearly exclusively through mechanical friction between

the cementation material and the restoration as well as between the cementation material and the preparation. In order

to obtain the required mechanical friction, a retentive preparation showing a preparation angle of approximately 4–6° is

required.

Seating and Follow-Up Care

Cementation possibilities for the different indications

Cementation

Veneers

Inlay-retained

IPS e.max ZirCAD/

IPS e.max ZirPress

bridge

Anterior and

Posterior Crowns

Bridges with/without

pressed-on shoulder

Adhesive

Self-Adhesive

Cementation

Conventional

Cementation

Page 66

IPS e.max ZirCAD / IPS e.max ZirPress

Zirconium oxide /

Nano-fluorapatite glass-ceramic

Crowns and bridges

w./w.o. pressed shoulder

adhesive adhesive

self-adhesive /

conventional *

Cleaning with Al

2O3

at max. 1 bar (15 psi)

60 sec with Monobond

Plus

SpeedCEM

Vivaglass

CEM

Multilink

Automix

Multilink

Automix

––

Inlay-retained

bridges

20 sec with

IPS Ceramic

Etching Gel

Material

Indication

Cementation method

Blasting

Etching

Conditioning/Silanization

Cementation system

Preparing for Cementation

Conditioning of the restoration and preparation depends on the cementation method used as well as the cementation material. The following paragraphs describe the basic working steps to prepare for cementation. Please refer to the Instructions for Use of the corresponding cementation material regarding the detailed processing procedure.

Conditioning of the restoration

Conditioning of the ceramic surface in preparation for cementation is decisive for generating a sound bond between the cementation material and the all-ceramic restoration. For the combination of IPS e.max ZirCAD and IPS e.max ZirPress, conditioning must be carried out according to the respective indication.

The following steps must be observed: – The surface of zirconium oxide-supported restorations may be cleaned with max. 1 bar (15 psi) pressure before

cementation.

– High-strength zirconium oxide ceramics are generally not etched with hydrofluoric acid gel (IPS Ceramic Etching Gel),

since no etching pattern is produced. In pressed-over inlay-retained bridges – with contact of the glass-ceramic and the

tooth structure the pressed-on glass-ceramic must be etched with hydrofluoric acid (IPS Ceramic Etching Gel). – Thoroughly clean the restoration with water and blow dry. – For adhesive or self-adhesive cementation, silanize the bonding surface of the restoration using Monobond Plus.

The range of available products may vary from country to country.

Do not condition with Monobond Plus if conventional cementation is used.

Please observe the corresponding Instructions for Use.

Page 67

Conditioning of the preparation

Thoroughly clean the preparation once the temporary has been removed. Before it is conditioned, the restoration is tried-in and the occlusion and articulation checked. If adjustments are required, the restoration may be polished extraorally in these areas before final incorporation. Conditioning of the restoration and preparation depends on the cementation method used and is carried out according to the respective Instructions for Use.

Care notes

Same as natural teeth, high-quality IPS e.max ZirPress restorations require regular professional care. This is beneficial for both the health of the gingiva and teeth, as well as the overall appearance. The pumice-free Proxyt pink polishing paste is used to care for the surfaces without causing any wear. The low RDA value of 7 (Relative Dentin Abrasion) is a reliable confirmation to use a cleaning paste that is only a little abrasive. Scientific investigations and long-term clinical experience have proved the gentle effect compared with other pastes.

Seating and Follow-Up Care

Page 68

e.max

IPS

ZirPress

General Information | Frequently Asked Questions

Can IPS e.max ZirPress also be pressed on other zirconium oxide frameworks?

IPS e.max ZirPress can be pressed on zirconium oxide frameworks with a CTE in the range of

10.5–1.0 x 10-6K-1(100–500°C). The following zirconium oxide materials were tested: – KaVo – Bio ZS (coloured and uncoloured) and

Bio ZH Blanks

– Nobel Biocare – Procera Zirconia – DeguDent – Cercon Base – 3M/Espe – Lava Frame (coloured and

uncoloured)

– DCS – DC-Zirkon – Digident – Digizon – Cad.esthetics – Denzir – Vita – In-Ceram 2000 YZ Cubes (coloured and

uncoloured)

– Diatomic – Diadem/Diazir (coloured and

uncoloured)

– Wieland – Zeno Zr Disc

What are the requirements placed on zirconium oxide ceramics so that IPS e.max ZirPress may be pressed on?

IPS e.max ZirPress can be pressed on zirconium oxide abutments with a CTE in the range of

10.5–1.0 x 10-6K-1(100–500 °C), e.g. Straumann Anatomic IPS e.max Abutment. It must be made sure that the abutment is not designed too small in order to ensure adequate support of the tooth shape and cusps (the instructions of the manufacturer must be observed). The layer thickness of IPS e.max ZirPress of 0.7–2.0 mm must be observed.

Can IPS e.max ZirPress also be used to fabricate single crowns without zirconium oxide coping?

IPS e.max ZirPress has been developed for the press-on technique. The strength of the ingots is not sufﬁcient for crowns without zirconium oxide copings. Therefore, the ingots cannot be used for this indication.

Can IPS e.max ZirPress also be pressed onto only a part of a restoration (e.g. on a shoulder or pontic)?

IPS e.max ZirPress can be pressed onto selected parts of the restoration, if the speciﬁcations in the Instructions for Use, the necessary minimum thickness of the ceramics, and the following points are observed. The sprues must be attached directly, for example, to the ceramic shoulder. During sprueing and placement on the IPS Ring Base, adequate stability of the restoration and the wax-up areas must be ensured. Only carefully blast the non-pressed areas (exposed ZirLiner) with Al2O3in order to avoid removal of the ZirLiner. Wash ﬁring has to be carried out, even if ceramics are only pressed onto certain areas of the restoration to improve wetting.

What alternative is there to a wax-up?

An IPS AcrylCAD acrylate polymer block that ﬁres without leaving residue can be used instead of modelling wax. An anatomically shaped component is created with the inLab®System (Sirona) and waxed onto the zirconium oxide framework.

Can IPS e.max ZirPress also be used to fabricate veneers?

IPS e.max ZirPress has been developed for pressing onto zirconium oxide and the shades have been adjusted for this purpose. However, from a technical point of view, veneers can be fabricated. For example, if veneers are required in the anterior region for a large restorative case and if the shade of the IPS e.max ZirPress ingot corresponds to the demands of the patient, veneers can be pressed (in the same investment ring). The cut-back technique allow the veneers to be individually characterized with IPS e.max Ceram. Veneers made with IPS e.max ZirPress must be placed with the adhesive technique.

Page 69

Can IPS e.max ZirPress also be pressed onto inlay-retained bridge frameworks?

Which IPS e.max ZirLiner should be used on shaded zirconium oxide frameworks?

IPS e.max ZirPress HT ingots can be pressed onto zirconium oxide inlay-retained bridges. In the creation of the zirconium oxide framework, the minimum thickness of the connectors and the inlays (min. 0.5 mm) must be observed. All the areas at the preparation margins should be fabricated with IPS e.max ZirPress rather than zirconium oxide ceramic, since the press ceramic can be etched. This allows a sound bond between the press ceramic, the luting composite and the prepared tooth.

Can IPS e.max ZirPress also be pressed onto the IPS Empress CosmoPost root canal post?

IPS e.max ZirPress ingots can be pressed onto IPS Empress CosmoPost root canal posts. An excellent bond is achieved. Because of the large selection of IPS e.max ZirPress ingots, very natural-looking restorations can be fabricated.

Can IPS e.max ZirPress be pressed onto glassceramic frameworks made of IPS e.max Press or IPS e.max CAD, for example?

IPS e.max ZirPress can only be pressed onto zirconium oxide materials. The press temperature of 900–910 °C (1652–1670 °F) is too high for glass-ceramic frameworks. Consequently, they would become deformed during the press procedure.

For shaded zirconium oxide frameworks, use the IPS e.max ZirLiner clear. The transparent character of the IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner does not affect the framework shade. An outstanding bond as well as lifelike ﬂuorescence is achieved.

Can IPS e.max ZirPress be pressed onto zirconium oxide frameworks without the application of IPS e.max ZirLiner?

A suitably shaded IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner must always be applied before waxing up. The IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner generates an outstanding bond and gives the restoration an effect of depth.

Why is the IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner powder green and how should it be applied?

Since zirconium oxide is white and, therefore, shows a poor contrast to tooth-coloured and/or white powders, the IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner was given an identiﬁcation colour to render its application more simple and efﬁcient. The IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner consists of a very ﬁne powder and appears somewhat thick due to the dense packing of the grains. Make sure that the material is applied in an even, greenish coat. If the colour appears too pale, the layer is too thin. After ﬁring, the ZirLiner should exhibit a layer thickness of approx. 0.1 mm.

What is the purpose of the IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner?

IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiners are translucent. Their three major purposes are as follows:

1. They enable a strong, homogeneous bond between the zirconium oxide framework and IPS e.max ZirPress.

2. They provide the white, unshaded zirconium oxide frameworks with chroma and in-depth effect and a shaded character without increasing their opacity.

3. They also provide the non-ﬂuorescent zirconium oxide framework with a natural ﬂuorescence, thus enabling the fabrication of lifelike restorations.

How thick should be wax-up be?

The wax-up should be at least 0.7 mm thick all over. If the wax-up is not at least this thick, the restoration may not be completely covered with the pressed ceramic and deviations in the shade may occur.

Page 70

Why are the IPS e.max ZirPress ingots available in different levels of translucency?

The user may select the suitable ingot depending of the desired processing technique. The HT ingot is particularly suitable for the staining technique, the LT ingot for the cut-back technique and the MO ingot for the layering technique.

Can IPS Empress Universal Shades, Stains and Glaze be used for IPS e.max ZirPress?

IPS Empress Universal Shades, Stains and Glaze were specially developed for and coordinated with the IPS Empress System and are therefore not suitable for IPS e.max products.

Can IPS Alox plungers also be used for IPS Empress?

IPS Alox plungers have been exclusively designed for the IPS Investment Ring System. Since the diameter was increased, the IPS Alox plunger does not ﬁt into the IPS Empress investment ring system.

Can the IPS Alox Plunger Separator also be used for other pressed ceramics, such as IPS Empress Esthetic?

Can press furnaces other than the ones from Ivoclar Vivadent be used to press IPS e.max ZirPress ingots?

IPS e.max ZirPress has been especially coordinated with Ivoclar Vivadent press furnaces (e.g. Programat EP3000, EP5000). If other press furnaces are used, the parameters may have to be adjusted accordingly by the user.

Can IPS e.max ZirPress restorations also be conventionally cemented?

IPS e.max ZirPress restorations can be cemented adhesively, self-adhesively or conventionally, depending on the indication. For conventional and/or self-adhesive cementation, an appropriately retentive preparation design must be observed. If this is not possible, adhesive luting should be preferred, e.g. with Multilink Automix. Vivaglass CEM is available for conventional cementation. SpeedCEM is recommended for self-adhesive cementaion. It is not advisable to use classical phosphate cements, as they would negatively inﬂuence the light transmission of the all-ceramic and therefore compromise the esthetic appearance of all-ceramic restorations. Pressedover inlay-retained bridges and veneers must be placed with the adhesive technique.

The IPS Alox Plunger Separator can only be used for IPS e.max Press and IPS e.max ZirPress ingots, since the press temperature of the IPS Empress Esthetic ingots of 1075 °C (1967 °F) is too high and results in the Separator losing its effect.

Page 71

Combination Tables

ZL 4

CL 4 + ZL clear

ZL 4

ZL 1

CL 1 +

ZL clear

ZL 3

ZL 1

CL 1 + ZL clear CL 3 + ZL clear

SH I2

SH 2 SH 3 SH 4

ZL 4

CL 4 + ZL clear

ZL 4

ZL 1

CL 1 +

ZL clear

ZL 3

CL 3 + ZL clear

ZL 1

CL 1 + ZL clear

D4*

D D4

D D3

D2*

D D2

C4*

D C4

C3*

D C3

D C2

C1*

D C1

B4*

D B4

D B3

D B2

D B1

ZL 4 ZL 1ZL 1

ZL 4

CL 4 +

ZL clear

A3.5

BL4

BL3

BL2

BL1

ZL 2

CL 2 + ZL clear

ZL 1

ZL 1 ZL 2

ZL 1

CL 1 + ZL clear

ZL 1

ZL clear

ZL 1

yellow, orange, brown, incisal

A3.5

SH 1

BL4

BL3

BL2

BL1

SH I1 SH I2 SH I1

SH 0

SH I1

A3.5

BL4

BL3

BL2

BL1

ZL 4

ZL 4 ZL 1ZL 1

CL 4 +

ZL clear

ZL 2

CL 2 + ZL clear

ZL 1

ZL 1 ZL 2

ZL 1

CL 1 + ZL clear

ZL 1

ZL clear

ZL 1

A4*

yellow, orange, brown, incisal

A3.5

BL4

BL3

BL1

TI 3 TI 1 TI 2 TI 1 TI 3

D A4

D A3.5

TI 2

D A3

D A2

D A1

D BL4

D BL3

I BL TI 1

D BL2

D BL1

IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner

IPS e.max ZirCAD Colouring

Liquid** + IPS e.max ZirLiner clear

Bleach, A-D

alterna-

IPS e.max ZirPress on IPS e.max ZirCAD MO (unshaded block)

Staining technique – Crowns and bridges of IPS e.max ZirCAD MO 0 (unshaded) / IPS e.max ZirPress

tively

IPS e.max Ceram Intensive ZirLiner

IPS e.max ZirPress HT

IPS e.max Ceram Shades

IPS e.max Ceram Shades Incisal

Cut-back, layering technique – Crowns and bridges of IPS e.max ZirCAD MO 0 (unshaded) / IPS e.max ZirPress

IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner

Liquid** + IPS e.max ZirLiner clear

IPS e.max ZirCAD Colouring

Bleach, A-D

alterna-

tively

IPS e.max Ceram Intensive ZirLiner

IPS e.max ZirPress LT, MO

IPS e.max Ceram Dentin

IPS e.max Ceram Transpa Incisal

* Shades are not available for IPS e.max ZirPress MO

** IPS e.max ZirCAD Colouring Liquids are not available in North America

Page 72

D4*

ZL 4

D4*

ZL 4

D3*

D2*

C4*

C3*

C2*

B4*

B3*

A4*

ZL 4

ZL 1

MO 1

ZL 3

ZL 1

clear

MO 1

ZL 1

ZL 4

SH 3

yellow, orange, brown, incisal

D3*

D2*

C4*

C3*

C2*

B4*

B3*

A4*

ZL 4

ZL 1

ZL 3

ZL 1

clear

ZL 1

ZL 4

yellow, orange, brown, incisal

TI 1

D C1

D B3

D B2

TI 3

D B1

A3.5

BL4*

BL3*

BL2*

BL1*

ZL 2

MO 2

ZL 2

ZL 1

MO 1 MO 2

ZL 1

A3.5

SH 1 SH 2

SH I1 SH I2 SH I1 SH I2

A3.5

BL4*

BL3*

BL2*

BL1*

ZL 2

ZL 1

MO 1 MO 2 MO 2 MO 1

ZL 1

A3.5

D A3.5

D A3

D A2

TI 1 TI 2

D A1

Crowns and bridges of IPS e.max ZirCAD MO 1, MO 2 (pre-shaded) / IPS e.max ZirPress

Bleach, A-D

IPS e.max ZirCAD

IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner

IPS e.max Ceram Intensive ZirLiner

IPS e.max ZirPress HT

IPS e.max Ceram Shades

IPS e.max ZirPress on IPS e.max ZirCAD MO 1 and MO 2 (pre-shaded blocks)

IPS e.max Ceram Shades Incisal

Bleach, A-D

IPS e.max ZirCAD

IPS e.max Ceram ZirLiner

IPS e.max Ceram Intensive ZirLiner

IPS e.max ZirPress LT, MO

IPS e.max Ceram Dentin

Cut-back, layering technique – Crowns and bridges of IPS e.max ZirCAD MO 1, MO 2 (pre-shaded) / IPS e.max ZirPress

IPS e.max Ceram Transpa Incisal

* Please observe the procedure on page 71.

Page 73

Press and Firing Parameters

Press Parameters for IPS e.max ZirPress

Take the press furnace and the selected investment ring size into account

ress Furnace IPS Investment

ing System

00 g

C/°F °C/°F/min °C/°F min. °C/°F °C/°F

00/1292 60/108 900/1652 15 500/932 900/1652 Programm 11–20

tÀ T H V

1 V2 A

EP 500

EP 600/

EP600 Combi

Programat EP 3000

Programat EP 5000

00 g

00/1292 60/108 910/1670 15 500/932 910/1670 Programm 11–20

00/1292 60/108 940/1724 40 500/932 940/1724 Programm 31–51

00/1292 60/108 900/1652 15 500/932 900/1652 300

00/1292 60/108 910/1670 15 500/932 910/1670 300

00/1292 60/108 930/1706 40 500/932 930/1706 250 µm/min

Select the press program in accordance with the investment ring size used.

Note:

The parameters indicated represent standard values and apply to the Ivoclar Vivadent furnaces EP 3000 and EP 5000. The temperatures indicated also apply to older model furnaces. However, the temperatures may deviate by approx.

± 10 °C/18 °F depending on the age of the heating mufﬂe. If a non-Ivoclar Vivadent furnace is used, temperature corrections may be necessary. Regional differences in the power supply or the operation of several electronic devices by means of the same circuit may also render adjustments of the temperatures necessary.

Page 74

Firing Parameters for IPS e.max ZirPress

– Use a honey-combed tray and the corresponding pins for firing. – Ceramic pins must not be used, since they may fuse to the restoration. – The processing temperatures must be observed. An increase in the firing temperature results in severe vitrification

between the framework and the veneering ceramic, which may lead to cracks later. An descrease in the firing temperature causes the ceramic to be underfired and very brittle, which may lead to delamination.

– The parameters stipulated in the Instructions for Use are coordinated with Ivoclar Vivadent furnaces (tolerance range

+/- 10°C/18°F). – If a non-Ivoclar Vivadent furnace is used, temperature corrections may be necessary. – Remove IPS e.max ZirPress objects from the furnace after completion of the firing cycle (wait for the acoustic signal

of the furnace). – Allow the objects to cool to room temperature in a place protected from draft. – Do not touch the hot objects with metal tongs. – Do not blast or quench the objects.

IPS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress/ZirCAD (Staining Technique)

IPS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress B StÀ T H V

taining Technique

irLiner ﬁring – before wax-up and pressing 403/757 4:00 40/72 960/1760 1:00 450/842 959/1758 0

Stain and Characterization Firing 403/757 6:00 60/108 770/1418 1:00-2:00 450/842 769/1416 450/842

Glaze Firing 403/757 6:00 60/108 770/1418 1:00-2:00 450/842 769/1416 450/842

Add-On after Glaze Firing 403/757 6:00 50/90 700/1292 1:00 450/842 699/1290 450/842

°C/°F min. °C/°F/min °C/°F min. °C/°F °C/°F °C

IPS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress/ZirCAD (Cut-Back, Layering Technique)

IPS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress B StÀ T H V

Cut-Back and Layering Technique °C/°F min. °C/°F/min °C/°F min. °C/°F °C/°F °C/°F

ZirLiner ﬁring – before wax-up and pressing 403/757 4:00 40/72 960/1760 1:00 450/842 959/1758 0

Wash ﬁring (foundation) 403/757 4:00 40/72 750/1382 1:00 450/842 749/1380 0

Wash ﬁring (foundation) characterization 403/757 4:00 40/72 750/1382 1:00 450/842 749/1380 0

1stDentin / Incisal ﬁring 403/757 4:00 40/72 750/1382 1:00 450/842 749/1380 0

2ndDentin / Incisal ﬁring 403/757 4:00 40/72 750/1382 1:00 450/842 749/1380 0

Stain Firing 403/757 6:00 60/108 725/1337 1:00 450/842 724/1335 450/842

Glaze Firing 403/757 6:00 60/108 725/1337 1:00 450/842 724/1335 450/842

Add-On with Glaze Firing 403/757 6:00 60/108 725/1337 1:00 450/842 724/1335 450/842

Add-On after Glaze Firing 403/757 6:00 50/90 700/1292 1:00 450/842 699/1290 450/842

Page 75

IPS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress/ZirCAD (Gingiva Technique)

PS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress

Gingiva Technique °C/°F min. °C/°F/min °C/°F min. °C/°F °C/°F °C/°F

B StÀ T HV1V

ZirLiner ﬁring – before wax-up and pressing 403/757 4:00 40/72 960/1760 1:00 450/842 959/1658 0

Wash ﬁring (foundation) 403/757 4:00 40/72 750/1382 1:00 450/842 749/1380 450/842

Wash ﬁring (foundation) characterization 403/757 4:00 40/72 750/1382 1:00 450/842 749/1380 450/842

Dentin / Incisal ﬁring 403/757 4:00 40/72 750/1382 1:00 450/842 749/1380 450/842

Stain Firing 403/757 6:00 60/108 725/1337 1:00 450/842 724/1335 450/842

Glaze Firing 403/757 6:00 60/108 725/1337 1:00 450/842 724/1335 450/842

Add-On with Glaze Firing 403/757 6:00 60/108 725/1337 1:00 450/842 724/1335 450/842

Add-On after Glaze Firing 403/757 6:00 50/90 700/1292 1:00 450/842 699/1290 450/842

IPS e.max Ceram on IPS e.max ZirPress/Straumann®Anatomic IPS e.max®Abutment (Staining Technique)

PS e.max Ceram on Straumann

Anatomic IPS e.max® Abutment °C/°F min. °C/°F/min °C/°F min. °C/°F °C/°F °C/°F

B StÀ T H V

ZirLiner ﬁring – before wax-up and pressing 403/757 4:00 40/72 960/1760 1:00 450/842 959/1758 0

Stain and Characterization Firing 403/757 6:00 60/108 770/1418 1:00-2:00 450/842 769/1416 450/842

Glaze Firing 403/757 6:00 60/108 770/1418 1:00-2:00 450/842 769/1416 450/842

Add-On after Glaze Firing 403/757 6:00 50/90 700/1292 1:00 450/842 699/1290 450/842

Page 76

Ivoclar Vivadent worldwide

Ivoclar Vivadent AG

Bendererstrasse 2

494 Schaan

iechtenstein

L Tel. +423 235 35 35 Fax +423 235 33 60

ww.ivoclarvivadent.com

Ivoclar Vivadent Pty. Ltd.

1 5 Overseas Drive

.O. Box 367

oble Park, Vic. 3174

N Australia Tel. +61 3,979,595 99

ax +61 3,979,596 45

ww.ivoclarvivadent.com.au

Ivoclar Vivadent GmbH

remschlstr. 16

ostfach 223

P 6706 Bürs Austria Tel. +43 5552 624 49

ax +43 5552 675 15

F www.ivoclarvivadent.com

voclar Vivadent do Brasil Ltda.

Rua Geraldo Flausino Gomes, 78 6.º andar Cjs. 61/62

airro: Brooklin Novo

B CEP: 04575-060 São Paulo SP Brazil

el. +55 11 3466 0800

T Fax +55 11 3466 0840 www.ivoclarvivadent.com.br

Ivoclar Vivadent Inc.

2785 Skymark Avenue, Unit 1 Mississauga Ontario L4W 4Y3 Canada Tel. +1,905,238 5700 Fax +1,905,238 5711 www.ivoclarvivadent.us

Ivoclar Vivadent Marketing Ltd.

Rm 603 KuenYang International Business Plaza No. 798 Zhao Jia Bang Road Shanghai 200030 China Tel. +86 21 5456 0776 Fax +86 21 6445 1561 www.ivoclarvivadent.com

Ivoclar Vivadent Marketing Ltd.

Calle 134 No. 7-B-83, Of. 520

ogotá

olombia

C Tel. +57 1,627 33 99 Fax +57 1,633 16 63

ww.ivoclarvivadent.com

Ivoclar Vivadent SAS

B.P. 118

-74410 Saint-Jorioz

rance

F Tel. +33 450 88 64 00 Fax +33,450 68 91 52

ww.ivoclarvivadent.fr

voclar Vivadent GmbH

Dr.Adolf-Schneider-Str. 2

3479 Ellwangen, Jagst

ermany

G Tel. Fax +49 (0) 79 61 / 63 26 www.ivoclarvivadent.de

Ivoclar Vivadent Marketing Ltd. (Liaison Office)

03/504 Raheja Plaza

5 15 B Shah Industrial Estate Veera Desai Road,Andheri( West)

umbai, 400 053

M India Tel. +91 (22) 2673 0302

ax +91 (22) 2673 0301

F www.ivoclarvivadent.com

Ivoclar Vivadent s.r.l. & C. s.a.s

Via Gustav Flora, 32 39025 Naturno (BZ) Italy Tel. +39 0473 67 01 11 Fax +39 0473 66 77 80 www.ivoclarvivadent.it

Ivoclar Vivadent K.K.

1-28-24-4F Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Tel. +81 3 6903 3535 Fax +81 3 5844 3657 www.ivoclarvivadent.jp

Ivoclar Vivadent S.A. de C.V.

Av. Mazatlán No. 61, Piso 2

ol. Condesa

6170 México, D.F.

0 Mexico Tel. +52 (55) 5062-1000

ax +52 (55) 5062-1029

ww.ivoclarvivadent.com.mx

Ivoclar Vivadent Ltd.

2 Omega St,Albany

O Box 5243 Wellesley St

P Auckland New Zealand Tel. +64 9,914 9999

ax +64 9,814 9990

ww.ivoclarvivadent.co.nz

Ivoclar Vivadent

olska Sp. z.o.o.

l. Jana Pawla II 78

u PL-00175 Warszawa Poland Tel. +48 22,635 54 96

ax +48 22,635 54 69

F www.ivoclarvivadent.pl

voclar Vivadent Marketing Ltd.

Derbenevskaja Nabereshnaya 11, Geb. W 115114 Moscow

ussia

R Tel. +7,495,913 66 19 Fax +7,495,913 66 15

ww.ivoclarvivadent.ru

Ivoclar Vivadent Marketing Ltd.

171 Chin Swee Road #02-01 San Centre Singapore 169877 Tel. +65 6535 6775 Fax +65 6535 4991 www.ivoclarvivadent.com

Ivoclar Vivadent S.L.U.

c/ Emilio Muñoz Nº 15 Entrada c/ Albarracin E-28037 Madrid Spain Tel. + 34 91 375 78 20 Fax + 34 91 375 78 38 www.ivoclarvivadent.es

Ivoclar Vivadent AB

Dalvägen 14

-169 56 Solna

weden

S Tel. +46 (0) 8,51493,930 Fax +46 (0) 8,51493,940

ww.ivoclarvivadent.se

Ivoclar Vivadent Liaison Office

Ahi Evran Caddesi No 1

olaris Is Merkezi Kat: 7

0670 Maslak

8 Istanbul Turkey

el. +90 212 346 04 04

ax +90 212 346 04 24

ww.ivoclarvivadent.com

voclar Vivadent Limited

round Floor Compass Building

G Feldspar Close Warrens Business Park Enderby

eicester LE19 4SE

L United Kingdom Tel. +44,116,284 78 80

ax +44,116,284 78 81

F www.ivoclarvivadent.com

voclar Vivadent, Inc.

175 Pineview Drive Amherst, N.Y. 14228

U Tel. Fax +1 716 691 2285 www.ivoclarvivadent.us

Date information prepared: 06/2009

These materials have been developed solely for use in dentistry. Processing should be carried out strictly according to the Instructions for Use. Liability cannot be accepted for damages resulting from failure to observe the Instructions or the stipulated area of application. The user is responsible for testing the products for their suitability and use for any purpose not explicitly stated in the Instructions. Descriptions and data constitute no warranty of attributes and are not binding. These regulations also apply if the materials are used in conjunction with products of other manufacturers.

Ivoclar Vivadent IPS e.max ZirPress User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual