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GE Fanuc Automation
Computer Numerical Control Products
Series 15 / 150 – Model B for Machining Center
Operator's Manual (Programming)
GFZ-62564E/02 |
January 1997 |
GFL-001
Warnings, Cautions, and Notes as Used in this Publication
Warning
Warning notices are used in this publication to emphasize that hazardous voltages, currents, temperatures, or other conditions that could cause personal injury exist in this equipment or may be associated with its use.
In situations where inattention could cause either personal injury or damage to equipment, a Warning notice is used.
Caution
Caution notices are used where equipment might be damaged if care is not taken.
Note
Notes merely call attention to information that is especially significant to understanding and operating the equipment.
This document is based on information available at the time of its publication. While efforts have been made to be accurate, the information contained herein does not purport to cover all details or variations in hardware or software, nor to provide for every possible contingency in connection with installation, operation, or maintenance. Features may be described herein which are not present in all hardware and software systems. GE Fanuc Automation assumes no obligation of notice to holders of this document with respect to changes subsequently made.
GE Fanuc Automation makes no representation or warranty, expressed, implied, or statutory with respect to, and assumes no responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, sufficiency, or usefulness of the information contained herein. No warranties of merchantability or fitness for purpose shall apply.
©Copyright 1997 GE Fanuc Automation North America, Inc.
All Rights Reserved.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
This section describes the safety precautions related to the use of CNC units. It is essential that these precautions be observed by users to ensure the safe operation of machines equipped with a CNC unit (all descriptions in this section assume this configuration). Note that some precautions are related only to specific functions, and thus may not be applicable to certain CNC units.
Users must also observe the safety precautions related to the machine, as described in the relevant manual supplied by the machine tool builder. Before attempting to operate the machine or create a program to control the operation of the machine, the operator must become fully familiar with the contents of this manual and relevant manual supplied by the machine tool builder.
Contents
1. DEFINITION OF WARNING, CAUTION, AND NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2. GENERAL WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS RELATED TO PROGRAMMING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4. WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS RELATED TO HANDLING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
5. WARNINGS RELATED TO DAILY MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
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SAFETY PRECAUTIONS B±62564E/02
1 DEFINITION OF WARNING, CAUTION, AND NOTE
This manual includes safety precautions for protecting the user and preventing damage to the machine. Precautions are classified into Warning and Caution according to their bearing on safety. Also, supplementary information is described as a Note. Read the Warning, Caution, and Note thoroughly before attempting to use the machine.
WARNING
Applied when there is a danger of the user being injured or when there is a damage of both the user being injured and the equipment being damaged if the approved procedure is not observed.
CAUTION
Applied when there is a danger of the equipment being damaged, if the approved procedure is not observed.
NOTE
The Note is used to indicate supplementary information other than Warning and Caution.
Read this manual carefully, and store it in a safe place.
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SAFETY PRECAUTIONS |
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2 GENERAL WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS |
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WARNING
1.Never attempt to machine a workpiece without first checking the operation of the machine. Before starting a production run, ensure that the machine is operating correctly by performing a trial run using, for example, the single block, feedrate override, or machine lock function or by operating the machine with neither a tool nor workpiece mounted. Failure to confirm the correct operation of the machine may result in the machine behaving unexpectedly, possibly causing damage to the workpiece and/or machine itself, or injury to the user.
2.Before operating the machine, thoroughly check the entered data.
Operating the machine with incorrectly specified data may result in the machine behaving unexpectedly, possibly causing damage to the workpiece and/or machine itself, or injury to the user.
3.Ensure that the specified feedrate is appropriate for the intended operation. Generally, for each machine, there is a maximum allowable feedrate. The appropriate feedrate varies with the intended operation. Refer to the manual provided with the machine to determine the maximum allowable feedrate. If a machine is run at other than the correct speed, it may behave unexpectedly, possibly causing damage to the workpiece and/or machine itself, or injury to the user.
4.When using a tool compensation function, thoroughly check the direction and amount of compensation.
Operating the machine with incorrectly specified data may result in the machine behaving unexpectedly, possibly causing damage to the workpiece and/or machine itself, or injury to the user.
5.The parameters for the CNC and PMC are factory±set. Usually, there is not need to change them. When, however, there is not alternative other than to change a parameter, ensure that you fully understand the function of the parameter before making any change.
Failure to set a parameter correctly may result in the machine behaving unexpectedly, possibly causing damage to the workpiece and/or machine itself, or injury to the user.
6.Immediately after switching on the power, do not touch any of the keys on the MDI panel until the position display or alarm screen appears on the CNC unit.
Some of the keys on the MDI panel are dedicated to maintenance or other special operations. Pressing any of these keys may place the CNC unit in other than its normal state. Starting the machine in this state may cause it to behave unexpectedly.
7.The operator's manual and programming manual supplied with a CNC unit provide an overall description of the machine's functions, including any optional functions. Note that the optional functions will vary from one machine model to another. Therefore, some functions described in the manuals may not actually be available for a particular model. Check the specification of the machine if in doubt.
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WARNING
8.Some functions may have been implemented at the request of the machine±tool builder. When using such functions, refer to the manual supplied by the machine±tool builder for details of their use and any related cautions.
NOTE
Programs, parameters, and macro variables are stored in nonvolatile memory in the CNC unit. Usually, they are retained even if the power is turned off. Such data may be deleted inadvertently, however, or it may prove necessary to delete all data from nonvolatile memory as part of error recovery.
To guard against the occurrence of the above, and assure quick restoration of deleted data, backup all vital data, and keep the backup copy in a safe place.
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B±62564E/02 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
3 WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS RELATED TO PROGRAMMING
This section covers the major safety precautions related to programming. Before attempting to perform programming, read the supplied operator's manual and programming manual carefully such that you are fully familiar with their contents.
WARNING
1. Coordinate system setting
If a coordinate system is established incorrectly, the machine may behave unexpectedly as a result of the program issuing an otherwise valid move command.
Such an unexpected operation may damage the tool, the machine itself, the workpiece, or cause injury to the user.
2. Positioning by nonlinear interpolation
When performing positioning by nonlinear interpolation (positioning by nonlinear movement between the start and end points), the tool path must be carefully confirmed before performing programming.
Positioning involves rapid traverse. If the tool collides with the workpiece, it may damage the tool, the machine itself, the workpiece, or cause injury to the user.
3. Function involving a rotation axis
When programming polar coordinate interpolation or normal±direction (perpendicular) control, pay careful attention to the speed of the rotation axis. Incorrect programming may result in the rotation axis speed becoming excessively high, such that centrifugal force causes the chuck to lose its grip on the workpiece if the latter is not mounted securely.
Such mishap is likely to damage the tool, the machine itself, the workpiece, or cause injury to the user.
4. Inch/metric conversion
Switching between inch and metric inputs does not convert the measurement units of data such as the workpiece origin offset, parameter, and current position. Before starting the machine, therefore, determine which measurement units are being used. Attempting to perform an operation with invalid data specified may damage the tool, the machine itself, the workpiece, or cause injury to the user.
5. Constant surface speed control
When an axis subject to constant surface speed control approaches the origin of the workpiece coordinate system, the spindle speed may become excessively high. Therefore, it is necessary to specify a maximum allowable speed. Specifying the maximum allowable speed incorrectly may damage the tool, the machine itself, the workpiece, or cause injury to the user.
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WARNING
6. Stroke check
After switching on the power, perform a manual reference position return as required. Stroke check is not possible before manual reference position return is performed. Note that when stroke check is disabled, an alarm is not issued even if a stroke limit is exceeded, possibly damaging the tool, the machine itself, the workpiece, or causing injury to the user.
7. Tool post interference check
A tool post interference check is performed based on the tool data specified during automatic operation. If the tool specification does not match the tool actually being used, the interference check cannot be made correctly, possibly damaging the tool or the machine itself, or causing injury to the user.
After switching on the power, or after selecting a tool post manually, always start automatic operation and specify the tool number of the tool to be used.
8. Absolute/incremental mode
If a program created with absolute values is run in incremental mode, or vice versa, the machine may behave unexpectedly.
9. Plane selection
If an incorrect plane is specified for circular interpolation, helical interpolation, or a canned cycle, the machine may behave unexpectedly. Refer to the descriptions of the respective functions for details.
10. Torque limit skip
Before attempting a torque limit skip, apply the torque limit. If a torque limit skip is specified without the torque limit actually being applied, a move command will be executed without performing a skip.
11. Programmable mirror image
Note that programmed operations vary considerably when a programmable mirror image is enabled.
12. Compensation function
If a command based on the machine coordinate system or a reference position return command is issued in compensation function mode, compensation is temporarily canceled, resulting in the unexpected behavior of the machine.
Before issuing any of the above commands, therefore, always cancel compensation function mode.
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B±62564E/02 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
4 WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS RELATED TO HANDLING
This section presents safety precautions related to the handling of machine tools. Before attempting to operate your machine, read the supplied operator's manual and programming manual carefully, such that you are fully familiar with their contents.
WARNING
1. Manual operation
When operating the machine manually, determine the current position of the tool and workpiece, and ensure that the movement axis, direction, and feedrate have been specified correctly. Incorrect operation of the machine may damage the tool, the machine itself, the workpiece, or cause injury to the operator.
2. Manual reference position return
After switching on the power, perform manual reference position return as required. If the machine is operated without first performing manual reference position return, it may behave unexpectedly. Stroke check is not possible before manual reference position return is performed.
An unexpected operation of the machine may damage the tool, the machine itself, the workpiece, or cause injury to the user.
3. Manual numeric command
When issuing a manual numeric command, determine the current position of the tool and workpiece, and ensure that the movement axis, direction, and command have been specified correctly, and that the entered values are valid.
Attempting to operate the machine with an invalid command specified may damage the tool, the machine itself, the workpiece, or cause injury to the operator.
4. Manual handle feed
In manual handle feed, rotating the handle with a large scale factor, such as 100, applied causes the tool and table to move rapidly. Careless handling may damage the tool and/or machine, or cause injury to the user.
5. Disabled override
If override is disabled (according to the specification in a macro variable) during threading, rigid tapping, or other tapping, the speed cannot be predicted, possibly damaging the tool, the machine itself, the workpiece, or causing injury to the operator.
6. Origin/preset operation
Basically, never attempt an origin/preset operation when the machine is operating under the control of a program. Otherwise, the machine may behave unexpectedly, possibly damaging the tool, the machine itself, the tool, or causing injury to the user.
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WARNING
7. Workpiece coordinate system shift
Manual intervention, machine lock, or mirror imaging may shift the workpiece coordinate system. Before attempting to operate the machine under the control of a program, confirm the coordinate system carefully.
If the machine is operated under the control of a program without making allowances for any shift in the workpiece coordinate system, the machine may behave unexpectedly, possibly damaging the tool, the machine itself, the workpiece, or causing injury to the operator.
8. Software operator's panel and menu switches
Using the software operator's panel and menu switches, in combination with the MDI panel, it is possible to specify operations not supported by the machine operator's panel, such as mode change, override value change, and jog feed commands.
Note, however, that if the MDI panel keys are operated inadvertently, the machine may behave unexpectedly, possibly damaging the tool, the machine itself, the workpiece, or causing injury to the user.
9. Manual intervention
If manual intervention is performed during programmed operation of the machine, the tool path may vary when the machine is restarted. Before restarting the machine after manual intervention, therefore, confirm the settings of the manual absolute switches, parameters, and absolute/incremental command mode.
10. Feed hold, override, and single block
The feed hold, feedrate override, and single block functions can be disabled using custom macro system variable #3004. Be careful when operating the machine in this case.
11. Dry run
Usually, a dry run is used to confirm the operation of the machine. During a dry run, the machine operates at dry run speed, which differs from the corresponding programmed feedrate. Note that the dry run speed may sometimes be higher than the programmed feed rate.
12. Cutter and tool nose radius compensation in MDI mode
Pay careful attention to a tool path specified by a command in MDI mode, because cutter or tool nose radius compensation is not applied. When a command is entered from the MDI to interrupt in automatic operation in cutter or tool nose radius compensation mode, pay particular attention to the tool path when automatic operation is subsequently resumed. Refer to the descriptions of the corresponding functions for details.
13. Program editing
If the machine is stopped, after which the machining program is edited (modification, insertion, or deletion), the machine may behave unexpectedly if machining is resumed under the control of that program. Basically, do not modify, insert, or delete commands from a machining program while it is in use.
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B±62564E/02 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
5 WARNINGS RELATED TO DAILY MAINTENANCE
WARNING
1. Memory backup battery replacement
When replacing the memory backup batteries, keep the power to the machine (CNC) turned on, and apply an emergency stop to the machine. Because this work is performed with the power on and the cabinet open, only those personnel who have received approved safety and maintenance training may perform this work.
When replacing the batteries, be careful not to touch the high±voltage circuits (marked 
and fitted with an insulating cover).
Touching the uncovered high±voltage circuits presents an extremely dangerous electric shock hazard.
NOTE
The CNC uses batteries to preserve the contents of its memory, because it must retain data such as programs, offsets, and parameters even while external power is not applied.
If the battery voltage drops, a low battery voltage alarm is displayed on the machine operator's panel or CRT screen.
When a low battery voltage alarm is displayed, replace the batteries within a week. Otherwise, the contents of the CNC's memory will be lost.
Refer to the maintenance section of the operator's manual or programming manual for details of the battery replacement procedure.
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WARNING
2. Absolute pulse coder battery replacement
When replacing the memory backup batteries, keep the power to the machine (CNC) turned on, and apply an emergency stop to the machine. Because this work is performed with the power on and the cabinet open, only those personnel who have received approved safety and maintenance training may perform this work.
When replacing the batteries, be careful not to touch the high±voltage circuits (marked 
and fitted with an insulating cover).
Touching the uncovered high±voltage circuits presents an extremely dangerous electric shock hazard.
NOTE
The absolute pulse coder uses batteries to preserve its absolute position.
If the battery voltage drops, a low battery voltage alarm is displayed on the machine operator's panel or CRT screen.
When a low battery voltage alarm is displayed, replace the batteries within a week. Otherwise, the absolute position data held by the pulse coder will be lost.
Refer to the maintenance section of the operator's manual or programming manual for details of the battery replacement procedure.
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WARNING
3. Fuse replacement
For some units, the chapter covering daily maintenance in the operator's manual or programming manual describes the fuse replacement procedure.
Before replacing a blown fuse, however, it is necessary to locate and remove the cause of the blown fuse.
For this reason, only those personnel who have received approved safety and maintenance training may perform this work.
When replacing a fuse with the cabinet open, be careful not to touch the high±voltage circuits (marked 
and fitted with an insulating cover).
Touching an uncovered high±voltage circuit presents an extremely dangerous electric shock hazard.
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CONTENTS
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . s±1
I. GENERAL
1. GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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1.1 |
General Flow of Operation of CNC Machine Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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1.2 |
Notes on Reading This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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II. PROGRAMMING
1. |
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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2. |
CONTROLLED AXES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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2.1 |
Controlled Axes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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2.2 |
Name of Axes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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2.3 |
Increment System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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2.4 |
Maximum Stroke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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3. PREPARATORY FUNCTION (G FUNCTION) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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4. |
INTERPOLATION FUNCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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4.1 |
Positioning (G00) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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4.2 |
Single Direction Positioning (G60) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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4.3 |
Linear Interpolation (G01) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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4.4 |
Circular Interpolation(G02, G03) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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4.5 |
3±Dimensional Circular Interpolation Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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4.6 |
Helical Interpolation (G02, G03) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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4.7 |
Helical Interpolation B (G02, G03) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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4.8 |
Hypothetical Axis Interpolation (G07) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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4.9 |
Polar Coordinate Interpolation (G12.1, G13.1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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Cylindrical Interpolation (G07.1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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Exponential Interpolation (G02.3, G03.3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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4.12 |
Circular Threading B (G02.1, G03.1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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4.13 |
Involute Interpolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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4.13.1 Involute interpolation with a linear axis and rotation axis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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4.14 |
Helical Involute Interpolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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4.15 |
Spline Interpolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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4.16 |
Spline Interpolation B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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4.16.1 Specifying the spline interpolation B command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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4.16.2 |
Three±dimensional offset command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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4.17 |
Spiral Interpolation and Conical Interpolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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4.17.1 |
Spiral interpolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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4.17.2 |
Conical interpolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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5. |
THREADING (G33) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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5.1 |
Constant±Lead Threading (G33) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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5.2 |
Inch Threading (G33) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
85 |
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5.3 |
Continuous Threading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
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6. FEED FUNCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 6.1 Rapid Traverse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 6.2 Cutting Feed Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 6.2.1 Tangential speed constant control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 6.2.2 Cutting feed rate clamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 6.2.3 Feed per minute (G94) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 6.2.4 Feed per rotation (G95) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 6.2.5 Inverse time (G93) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 6.2.6 F1±digit feed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 6.2.7 Parameter input of feedrate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
6.3 Override . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 6.3.1 Feedrate override . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 6.3.2 Secondary feedrate override . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 6.3.3 Second feedrate override B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 6.3.4 Rapid traverse override . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 6.3.5 Canceling the override function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 6.3.6 Function for overriding the return speed in rigid tapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
6.4 Automatic Acceleration/Deceleration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 6.4.1 Automatic acceleration/deceleration after interpolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 6.4.2 Acceleration/deceleration befor interpolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
6.5 Speed Control at Corners of Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 6.5.1 Exact stop (G09) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 6.5.2 Exact stop mode (G61) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 6.5.3 Cutting mode (G64) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 6.5.4 Tapping mode (G63) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 6.5.5 Automatic corner override (G62) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
6.6 Velocity Control Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 6.6.1 Automatic velocity control during involute interpolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 6.6.2 Automatic velocity control during polar coordinate interpolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 6.6.3 Cutting point speed control function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
6.7 Dwell (G04) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
7. REFERENCE POSITION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 7.1 Automatic Reference Position Return (G28 and G29) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 7.1.1 Automatic return to reference position (G28) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 7.1.2 Automatic return from reference position (G29) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
7.2 Reference Position Return Check (G27) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 7.3 2nd, 3rd, 4th Reference Position Return (G30) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 7.4 Floating Reference Position Return (G30.1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
8. COORDINATE SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 8.1 Machine Coordinate System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 8.1.1 Setting machine coordinate system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 8.1.2 Selection of machine coordinate system (G53) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
8.2 Programming of Workpiece Coordinate System (G92, G54 ± G59) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 8.2.1 Setting workpiece coordinate system ± method by G92 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 8.2.2 Setting workpiece coordinate system ± method by G54 ± G59 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 8.2.3 Selecting workpiece coordinate system (G54 ± G59) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
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8.2.4Changing workpiece coordinate systems by program command When they are to be moved for each program,
a programmed command can be used to shift them. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
8.2.5 Additional workpiece coordinate systems (G54.1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 8.2.6 Presetting the workpiece coordinate system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 8.2.7 Automatically presetting the workpiece coordinate system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
8.3 Local Coordinate System (G52) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 8.4 Plane Selection (G17, G18, G19) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 8.5 Plane Conversion Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
9. COORDINATE VALUE AND DIMENSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 9.1 Absolute and Incremental Programming (G90, G91) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 9.2 Polar Coordinate System Command (G15, G16) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 9.3 Inch/Metric Conversion (G20, G21) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 9.4 Decimal Point Programming/Pocket Calculator Type Decimal Point Programming . . . . . . . . . . 146 9.5 Diameter and Radius Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 9.6 Function for Switching Between Diameter and Radius Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
10. SPINDLE SPEED FUNCTION (S FUNCTION) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 10.1 Spindle Speed Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 10.2 Constant Surface Speed Control (G96, G97) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 10.2.1 Specification method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 10.2.2 Clamp of maximum spindle speed (G92) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 10.2.3 Rapid traverse (G00) in constant surface speed control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 10.2.4 Constant surface speed control axis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 10.3 Spindle Positioning (Indexing) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 10.3.1 Programming methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 10.3.2 Orientation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 10.3.3 Detection unit for spindle positioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 10.3.4 Feedrate during spindle positioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 10.3.5 Canceling the spindle positioning mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
10.4 Detection of fluctuation in spindle speed (G25 and G26) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
11. TOOL FUNCTION (T FUNCTION) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 11.1 Tool Selection Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 11.2 Tool Life Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 11.3 Enhanced Tool Life Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 11.3.1 Setting the tool life management data for each tool group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 11.3.2 Setting the life count type for each group (P±±L±±±Qn) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 11.3.3 Selecting tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 11.3.4 Life count . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
12. MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTION (M, B FUNCTIONS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 12.1 Miscellaneous Function (M Function) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 12.2 Auxiliary Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 12.3 Multiple M Commands in a Single Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
13. PROGRAM CONFIGURATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 13.1 Tape Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 13.2 Leader Section and Label Skip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 13.3 Program Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 13.4 Program Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
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13.4.1 Main program and subprogram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 13.4.2 Program number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 13.4.3 Sequence number and block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 13.4.4 Optional block skip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182 13.4.5 Word and addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 13.4.6 Basic addresses and command value range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
13.5 Comment Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186 13.6 Program End . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 13.7 End File Mark (Tape End) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 13.8 Tape Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 13.9 Tape Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 13.10 Function for Calling a Subprogram Stored in External Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
13.10.1 Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 13.10.2 Calling a subprogram using the calling a subprogram stored in cxternal memory . . . 189
14. FUNCTIONS TO SIMPLIFY PROGRAMMING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 14.1 Canned Cycles (G73, G74, G76, G80 to G89) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 14.1.1 High±speed peck drilling cycle (G73) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 14.1.2 Left±handed tapping cycle (G74) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 14.1.3 Fine boring cycle (G76) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 14.1.4 Canned cycle cancel (G80) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 14.1.5 Drilling cycle, spot boring cycle (G81) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 14.1.6 Drilling cycle, counter boring cycle (G82) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 14.1.7 Peck drilling cycle (G83) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198 14.1.8 Tapping cycle (G84) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198 14.1.9 Boring cycle (G85) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 14.1.10 Boring cycle (G86) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 14.1.11 Boring cycle/back boring cycle (G87) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 14.1.12 Boring cycle (G88) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 14.1.13 Boring cycle (G89) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 14.1.14 Notes on canned cycle specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 14.1.15 Program example using tool length offset and canned cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205 14.2 Rigid Tapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207 14.2.1 Basic operations in rigid tapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207 14.2.2 Additional functions for rigid tapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210 14.2.3 Pecking cycle function in rigid tapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214 14.2.4 Three±dimensional rigid tapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
14.3 Function for External Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217 14.4 Chamfering an Edge at a Desired Chamfer Angle and Rounding a Corner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218 14.5 Programmable Mirror Image (G50.1 and G51.1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221 14.6 Indexing Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 14.7 Figure Copy Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 14.8 Normal±Direction Control (G40.1, G41.1, and G42.1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230 14.9 Gentle Curve Normal Direction Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232 14.10 Three±Dimensional Coordinate Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233 14.11 Circle Cutting Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
15. COMPENSATION FUNCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
15.1 Tool Length Offset (G43,G44,G49) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
c±4
15.2 Tool Offset (G45 ± G48) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247 15.3 Cutter Compensation C (G40 ± G42) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253 15.3.1 Cutter compensation function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253 15.3.2 Offset (D code) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253 15.3.3 Offset vector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253 15.3.4 Plane selection and vector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254 15.3.5 Deleting and generating vectors (G40, G41 and G42) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254 15.3.6 Vector holding (G38) and corner arc (G39) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256 15.3.7 Details of cutter compensation C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258 15.4 Three±Dimensional Tool Offset (G40 and G41) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 15.4.1 Starting three±dimensional tool offset (G41) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 15.4.2 Canceling three±dimensional tool offset (G40) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 15.4.3 Three±dimensional tool offset vector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 15.4.4 Relationship with other offset functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286
15.5 Tool Compensation Amount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287 15.5.1 Tool compensation amount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287 15.5.2 Extended tool compensation amount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287 15.5.3 Tool compensation memory A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287 15.5.4 Tool compensation memory B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288 15.5.5 Tool compensation memory C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
15.6 Number of Tool Compensation Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289 15.7 Changing the Tool Compensation Amount (Programmable Data Input) (G10) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290 15.8 Scaling (G50,G51) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291 15.9 Coordinate System Rotation (G68, G69) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294 15.9.1 Command format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295 15.9.2 Relationship to other functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297 15.10 Tool Offsets Based on Tool Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
15.11 Programmable Parameter Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305 15.12 Tool Length Compensation along the Tool Axis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306 15.12.1 Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306 15.12.2 Vectors for tool length compensation along the tool axis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306 15.13 Rotary Table Dynamic Fixture Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308
15.14 Three±Dimensional Cutter Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314 15.14.1 Tool side compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315 15.14.2 Leading edge compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323 15.14.3 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330 15.15 Designation Direction Tool Lenght Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331 15.15.1 Command Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332 15.15.2 Movement in Each Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333 15.15.3 Relationship with Other Offset Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337 15.15.4 Specifying Offset Vector Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337 15.15.5 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338
16. MEASUREMENT FUNCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340 16.1 Skip Function (G31) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340 16.2 Skipping the Commands for Several Axes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342 16.3 Multistage Skip (G31.1 to G31.4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343 16.4 Automatic Tool Length Measurement (G37) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344
c±5
16.5 Torque Limit Skip Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
16.5.1 Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
16.5.2 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348
16.5.3 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348
17. CUSTOM MACRO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349 17.1 Macro Call Command (Custom Macro Command) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351 17.1.1 Simple calls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351 17.1.2 Continuous±state calling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354 17.1.3 Macro call using G codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356 17.1.4 Custom macro call with M code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356 17.1.5 Subprogram call with M code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357 17.1.6 Subprogram call with T code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357 17.1.7 Subprogram calling with an S code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358 17.1.8 Subprogram calling with a second auxiliary function code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358
17.1.9Difference between M98 (subprogram call) and G65 (custom macro body call) . . . . 358
17.1.10 Multiplex calls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359 17.2 Creation of Custom Macro Body . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361 17.2.1 Custom macro body format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361 17.2.2 Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361 17.2.3 Types of variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364 17.2.4 Specifying and displaying system variable names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378 17.2.5 Arithmetic commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378 17.2.6 Control command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382 17.2.7 Macro and NC statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385 17.2.8 Codes and words used in custom macro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387 17.2.9 Write±protecting common variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387 17.2.10 Displaying a macro alarm and macro message in Japanese . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388 17.3 Registration of Custom Macro Body . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389
17.4 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390 17.5 External Output Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392 17.6 Interruption Type Custom Macro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396 17.6.1 Commanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397 17.6.2 Detailed descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398 17.6.3 Parameters related to interrupt custom macros . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403
18. FUNCTIONS FOR INCREASING THE MACHINING SPEED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
404 |
||
18.1 |
High±Speed Machining Function (G10.3, G11.3, G65.3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
404 |
|
18.2 |
Multibuffer (G05.1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
407 |
|
18.3 |
Feedrate Clamp Based on Arc Radius . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
410 |
|
18.4 |
ADVANCED Preview Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
412 |
|
18.5 |
High±Precision Contour Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
413 |
|
|
18.5.1 |
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
413 |
|
18.5.2 |
Automatic feedrate control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
414 |
|
18.5.3 Deceleration at a corner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
415 |
|
|
18.5.4 |
Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
419 |
18.6 |
Smooth Interpolation Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
420 |
|
|
18.6.2 |
Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
423 |
18.7 |
High Precision Contour Control Using 64bit RISC Processor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
424 |
|
c±6
18.7.1 High±Precision Contour Control Using RISC processor (HPCC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 424 18.7.2 Multiblock Look±Ahead Linear Acceleration/ Deceleration before Interpolation . . . . . 431 18.7.3 Automatic Feedrate Control Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432
18.7.4Multiblock Look±Ahead Bell±Shaped Acceleration/
Deceleration before Interpolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437 18.7.5 NURBS Interpolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445 18.7.6 NOTES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 448 18.8 Maching Type in HPCC Screen Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459
19. STROKE CHECK (G22, G23) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
461 |
||
19.1 |
Validating the Stored Stroke Limits (Series 10 type) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
463 |
|
20. AXIS CONTROL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
464 |
||
20.1 |
Axis Interchange . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
464 |
|
20.2 |
Twin Table Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
466 |
|
20.3 |
Simple Synchronous Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
469 |
|
20.4 |
Upgrades to Simple Synchronous Control Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
470 |
|
|
20.4.1 |
Synchronization error check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
470 |
|
20.4.2 |
Synchronization alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
470 |
20.5 |
Chopping Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
471 |
|
20.6 |
Parallel Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
473 |
|
|
20.6.1 |
Parallel axis control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
473 |
|
20.6.2 Selection of the coordinate system in parallel axes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
474 |
|
|
20.6.3 Tool length compensation and tool offset in parallel axes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
475 |
|
|
20.6.4 Important matters concerning parallel operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
476 |
|
|
20.6.5 Parallel axis control and external signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
477 |
|
20.7 |
Roll±Over Function for a Rotation Axis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
478 |
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20.8 |
Multiple Rotary Control Axis Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
480 |
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20.8.1 |
Command procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
480 |
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20.8.2 |
Note . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
481 |
20.9 |
Two±Axis Electronic Gear Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
482 |
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20.9.1Example of controlled axis configuration
(Gear grinder using the two±axis electronic gear box) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 482 20.9.2 Command specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 483 20.9.3 Command specification for hobbing machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 484 20.9.4 Sample programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 486 20.9.5 Synchronization ratio specification range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 488 20.9.6 Retract function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491 20.9.7 Skip function for EGB axis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 492 20.9.8 Electronic gear box automatic phase synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493
21. CNC COMMAND TO PMC (G10.1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
495 |
22. TOOL RETRACTION AND RECOVERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
496 |
c±7
APPENDIX |
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APPENDIX A. |
FUNCTION AND TAPE FORMAT LIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
499 |
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APPENDIX B. |
RANGE OF COMMAND VALUE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
505 |
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APPENDIX C. |
NOMOGRAPHS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
510 |
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1. |
Incorrect Threaded Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
510 |
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2. |
Simple Calculation of Incorrect Thread Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
512 |
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3. |
Tool Path at Corner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
514 |
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4. |
Radius Direction Error at Circular Cutting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
517 |
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APPENDIX D. |
CODE USED IN PROGRAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
518 |
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APPENDIX E. |
TABLE OF KANJI AND HIRAGANA CODES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
520 |
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APPENDIX F. |
ERROR CODE TABLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
528 |
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c±8
I. GENERAL
B±62564E/02 |
1. GENERAL |
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1. GENERAL
The models covered by this manual, and their abbreviations are :
Product Name |
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Abbreviations |
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FANUC Series 15±MB |
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15±MB |
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FANUC Series 15±MFB |
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15±MFB |
Series 15 |
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FANUC Series 15MEK±MODEL B±4 |
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15MEK |
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FANUC Series 15MEL±MODEL B±4 |
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15MEL |
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FANUC Series 150±MB |
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150±MB |
Series 150 |
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(*)The FANUC Series 15MEK/MEL±MODEL B±4 is a software±fixed CNC capable of 4 contouring axes switchable out of 8 axes for milling machines and machining centers.
Further the following functions can not be used in the 15MEK or 15MEL.
D Increment system D/E (Increment system C is an option function)
D Helical interpolation B
D Plane switching
D Designation direction tool length compensation
D 2 axes electric gear box
D Manual interruption of 3±dimensional coordinate system conversion
D 3±dimensional cutter compensation
D Trouble diagnosis guidance
D OSI/ETHERNET function
D High±precision contour control using RISC
D Macro compiler (self compile function)
D MMC±III, MMC±IV
D Smooth interpolation
D Connecting for personal computer by high±speed serial±bus
FANUC Series 15±MFB is a CNC with a conversational function.
Refer to the following manuals for the conversational function.
DConversational Automatic Programming Function for machining center Operator's manual (B±61264E)
DFunction production manual for conversational function (B±61263E)
MMC software is created by the machine tool builder like the programmable machine control (PMC) software. Since the specifications of MMC depend on the specifications of the machine operator's panel, be sure to refer to the MMC manual issued by the machine tool builder.
This manual describes program coding, operation and daily maintenance.
For the parameter information, refer to the parameter Manual (B±62560E).
This manual also describes all the optional functions. For using functions for each CNC, refer to I.2 List of Specifications in the DESCRIPTIONS manual (B±62082E).
For options to be installed in the delivered unit, refer to the manual issued by the machine tool builder.
± 3 ±
1. GENERAL |
B±62564E/02 |
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Manuals related to FANUC Series 15/150±MODEL B are as follows. |
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This manual is marked with an asterisk (*). |
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Table Related Manuals |
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Manual Name |
Specification |
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Number |
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FANUC Series 15±TB/TFBTTB/TTFB DESCRIPTIONS |
B±62072E |
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FANUC Series 15/150±MB DESCRIPTIONS |
B±62082E |
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FANUC Series 15/150±MODEL B CONNECTION MANUAL |
B±62073E |
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FANUC Series 15±MODEL B CONNECTION MANUAL (BMI Interface) |
B±62073E±1 |
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FANUC Series 15±MODEL B For Lathe |
B±62554E |
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OPERATOR'S MANUAL (Programming) |
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FANUC Series 15±MODEL B For Lathe |
B±62554E±1 |
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OPERATOR'S MANUAL (Operation) |
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FANUC Series 15/150±MODEL B For Machining Center |
B±62564E |
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OPERATOR'S MANUAL (Programming) |
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FANUC Series 15/150±MODEL B For Machining Center |
B±62564E±1 |
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OPERATOR'S MANUAL (Operation) |
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FANUC Series 15±MODEL B PARAMETER MANUAL |
B±62560E |
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FANUC Series 15/150±MODEL B MAINTENANCE MANUAL |
B±62075E |
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FANUC Series 15±MODEL B DESCRIPTIONS (Suppelement for Remote Buffer) |
B±62072E±1 |
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FANUC Series 15±MODEL B PROGRAMMING MANUAL (Macro Compiler / |
B±62073E±2 |
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Macro Executer) |
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FANUC Series 15±MB CONNECTION MANUAL (Multi±Teaching Function) |
B±62083E±1 |
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FANUC PMC±MODEL N/NA PROGRAMMING MANUAL (Ladder Language) |
B±61013E |
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FANUC PMC±MODEL NB/NB2 PROGRAMMING MANUAL (Ladder Language) |
B±61863E |
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FANUC PMC±MODEL N/NA PROGRAMMING MANUAL (C Language) |
B±61013E±2 |
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FANUC PMC±MODEL NB PROGRAMMING MANUAL (C Language) |
B±61863E±1 |
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FANUC PMC±MODEL N/NA |
B±61013E±4 |
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PROGRAMMING MANUAL (C Language ± Tool Management Library) |
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CONVERSATIONAL AUTOMATIC PROGRAMMING FUNCTION FOR |
B±61263E |
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MACHINING CENTER (Series 15±MFMFB) PROGRAMMING MANUAL |
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CONVERSATIONAL AUTOMATIC PROGRAMMING FUNCTION FOR |
B±61264E |
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MACHINING CENTER (Series 15±MF/MFB) OPERATOR'S MANUAL |
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CONVERSATIONAL AUTOMATIC PROGRAMMING FUNCTION FOR LATHE |
B±61234E |
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(Series 15±TF/TTF/TFB/TTFB) OPERATOR'S MANUAL |
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CONVERSATIONAL AUTOMATIC PROGRAMMING FUNCTION II FOR LATHE |
B±61804E±2 |
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(Series 15±TFB/TTFB) OPERATOR'S MANUAL |
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± 4 ±
B±62564E/02 |
1. GENERAL |
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1.1 General Flow of Operation of CNC Machine Tool
When machining the part using the CNC machine tool, first prepare the program, then operate the CNC machine by using the program.
1)First, prepare the program from a part drawing to operate the CNC machine tool.
±How to prepare the program is described in the Chapter II. PROGRAMMING.
2)The program is to be read into the CNC system. Then, mount the workpieces and tools on the machine, and operate the tools according to the programming.Finally, execute the machining actually.
±How to operate the CNC system is described in the Chapter III.OPERATION.
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N N TOO
T O N T O T ON
Fig. 1.1 Configuration of the manual
Before the actual programming, make the machining plan for how to machine the part.
Machining plan
1.Determination of workpieces machining range
2.Method of mounting workpieces on the machine tool
3.Machining sequence in every cutting process
4.Cutting tools and cutting conditions
Decline the cutting method in every cutting process.
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Cutting |
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Cutting |
process |
Face cutting |
Side cutting |
Hole machining |
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1.Cutting method |
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: Rough |
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Semi |
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Finish |
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2.Cutting tools |
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:Tools |
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3.Cutting conditions |
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:Feedrate |
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Cutting |
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depth |
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4.Tool path |
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± 5 ±
1. GENERAL |
B±62564E/02 |
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Tool
Side cutting
Face cutting
Hole machining
Fig. 1.2 Cutting type
Prepare the program of the tool path and cutting condition according to the workpiece figure, for each cutting.
± 6 ±
B±62564E/02 |
1. GENERAL |
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1.2Notes on Reading This Manual
1)The function of an CNC machine tool system depends not only on the CNC, but on the combination of the machine tool, its magnetic cabinet, the servo system, the CNC, the operator's panels, etc. It is too difficult to describe the function, programming, and operation relating to all combinations. This manual generally describes these from the stand±point of the CNC. So, for details on a particular CNC machine tool, refer to the manual issued by the machine tool builder, which should take precedence over this manual.
2)Notes refer to detailed and specific items. So, when a note is encountered, terms used in it sometimes are not explained. In this case, first skip the note, then return to it after having read over the manual for details.
Machining programs, parameters, variables, etc. are stored in the CNC unit internal non±volatile memory. In general, these contents are not lost by the switching ON/OFF of the power. However, it is possible that a state can occur where precious data stored in the non±volatile memory has to be deleted, because of deletions from a maloperation, or by a failure restoration. In order to restore rapidly when this kind of mishap occurs, it is recommended that you create a copy of the various kinds of data beforehand.
± 7 ±
II. PROGRAMMING
B±62564E/02 |
1. INTRODUCTION |
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1.INTRODUCTION
1)Tool movement along workpiece parts figure±Interpolation (See II±4)
The tool moves along straight lines and arcs constituting the workpiece parts figure. (See Note)
a)Tool movement along straight line
Workpiece
rogram G01X__Y__; Y__;
Tool
b) Tool movement along arc
rogram G03X__Y__ __;
Workpiece
Tool
The function of moving the tool along straight lines and arcs is called the interpolation.
Symbols of the programmed commands G01, G02, ... are called the preparatory function and specify the type of interpolation conducted in the control unit.
a)Movement along straight line G01X__ Y__ ; Y__;
b)Movement along
arc
G03 X__ Y__ R__ ;
Control%unit
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X%axis |
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Interpolation |
Tool% |
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movement |
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Y%axis |
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a) Movement%along |
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straight%line |
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b) Movement%along |
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arc |
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Fig. 1 (a) Interpolation
NOTE Though the table may be moved without moving the tool in an actual machine, this manual assumes that the tool moves with respect to the workpiece.
± 11 ±
1. INTRODUCTION |
B±62564E/02 |
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2) Feed ________Feed function (See II±6)
mm/min
F 
Tool
Workpiece
Table
Fig. 1 (b) Feed function
Movement of the tool at a specified speed for cutting a workpiece is called the feed. Feedrates can be specified by using actual numerics. For example, to feed the tool at a rate of 150 mm/min, specify the following in the program:
F150.0
The function of deciding the feed rate is called the feed function.
3)Part drawing and tool movement
a)Reference position (fixed position on machine)
A CNC machine tool is provided with a fixed position. Normally, tool change and programming of absolute zero point as described later are performed at this position. This position is called the reference position.
Reference position
Tool Workpiece
Table
Fig. 1 (c) Reference position
The tool can be moved to the reference position in two ways:
i)Manual reference position return (See III±4.1)
Reference position return is performed by manual button operation.
ii)Automatic reference position return (See II±7.1)
Reference position return is performed in accordance with programmed commands.
In general, manual reference position return is performed first after the power is turned on. In order to move the tool to the reference position for tool change thereafter, the function of automatic reference position return is used.
± 12 ±
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