Apple A1432, A1458, A1459, A1455, A1460 User Manual
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Accessibility
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24
Universal Access features
iPad incorporates numerous accessibility features, including:
VoiceOver screen reader Â
Zoom magnication Â
Large Text Â
White on Black Â
Speak Selection Â
Speak Auto-text Â
Mono Audio and balance Â
AssistiveTouch Â
Support for braille displays Â
Playback of closed-captioned content Â
Zoom, White on Black, and Mono Audio work with all apps. Large Text works with Mail and Notes.
VoiceOver works with the built-in iPad apps, and with some third-party apps you can download
from the App Store. Closed-captioning works with videos and podcasts that support it.
For more information about the iPad accessibility features, go to www.apple.com/accessibility.
You can turn individual accessibility features on or o in Accessibility settings on iPad. You can
also turn some features on or o in iTunes when you connect iPad to your computer.
Turn on accessibility features using iPad: Go to Settings > General > Accessibility.
Turn on accessibility features using iTunes: Connect iPad to your computer and select iPad in
the iTunes device list. Click Summary, then click Congure Universal Access at the bottom of the
Summary screen.
About VoiceOver
VoiceOver describes aloud what appears onscreen, so you can use iPad without seeing it.
VoiceOver tells you about each element on the screen as you select it. When you select an
element, a black rectangle (the VoiceOver cursor) encloses it and VoiceOver speaks the name or
describes the item.
Touch the screen or drag your ngers to hear dierent items on the screen. When you select text,
VoiceOver reads the text. If you turn on Speak Hints, VoiceOver may tell you the name of the item
and provide instructions for you—for example, “double-tap to open.” To interact with items on the
screen, such as buttons and links, use the gestures described in “Learning VoiceOver gestures” on
page 11 0 .
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When you go to a new screen, VoiceOver plays a sound and automatically selects and speaks
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the rst element of the screen (typically, the item in the upper-left corner). VoiceOver also lets
you know when the display changes to landscape or portrait orientation, and when the screen is
locked or unlocked.
Note: VoiceOver speaks in the language specied in International settings, which may be
inuenced by the Region Format setting (Settings > General > International > Region Format).
VoiceOver is available in many languages, but not all.
Setting up VoiceOver
Important: VoiceOver changes the gestures you use to control iPad. Once VoiceOver is turned on,
you must use VoiceOver gestures to operate iPad—even to turn VoiceOver o again to resume
standard operation.
Note: You can’t use VoiceOver and Zoom at the same time.
Turn VoiceOver on or o: Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver. You can also set
Triple-click Home to turn VoiceOver on or o. See “Triple-click Home” on page 11 6 .
Turn spoken hints on or o Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver. When Speak Hints
is turned on, VoiceOver may tell you the action of the item or provide
instructions for you—for example, “double-tap to open.” You can also
add Hints to the rotor, then swipe up or down to adjust. See “Using the
VoiceOver rotor control
Set the VoiceOver speaking rate Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver and drag the Speaking
Rate slider. You can also add Speech Rate to the rotor, then swipe up or
down to adjust. See “Using the VoiceOver rotor control
Change typing feedback Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Typing Feedback.
Use phonetics in typing feedback Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Use Phonetics. Text
is read character-by-character. Voiceover rst speaks the character, then its
phonetic equivalent—for example, “f ” and then “foxtrot.”
Use pitch change Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Use Pitch Change.
VoiceOver uses a higher pitch when entering a letter, and a lower pitch
when deleting a letter. VoiceOver also uses a higher pitch when speaking
the rst item of a group (such as a list or table) and a lower pitch when
speaking the last item of a group.
Set the rotor options for
web browsing
Change VoiceOver pronunciation Set the rotor to Language and then swipe up or down. The Language rotor
Select the pronunciations
available in the language rotor
Change the language for iPad Go to Settings > General > International > Language. Some languages
Skip images while navigating Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Navigate Images.
Speak notications when you
unlock iPad
Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Rotor. Tap to select
or deselect options, or drag
position is available when you select more than one pronunciation.
Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Language Rotor. To
change the position of a language in the list, drag
may be aected by the Region Format setting in Settings > General >
International > Region Format.
You can choose to skip all images or only those without descriptions.
Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Speak Notications.
If this is o, iPad speaks only the time when you unlock it.
” on page 111 .
” on page 111 .
up to reposition an item.
up or down.
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Using VoiceOver
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Select items on the screen: Drag your nger over the screen. VoiceOver identies each element
as you touch it. You can move systematically from one element to the next by icking left or right
with a single nger. Elements are selected from left to right, top to bottom. Flick right to go to the
next element, or ick left to go to the previous element.
Enable vertical navigation Add Vertical Navigation to the rotor, use the rotor to select it, then swipe
up or down to move to the item above or below. See “Using the VoiceOver
rotor control
Select the rst or last element
on the screen
Unlock iPad Select the Unlock button, then double-tap the screen.
Select an item by name Triple-tap with two ngers anywhere on the screen to open the Item
Change the name of a screen
item so it’s easier to nd
Speak the text of the selected element: Flick down or up with one nger to read the next or
previous word or character (twist the rotor control to choose characters or words). You can include
the phonetic spelling. See “Setting up VoiceOver” on page 108.
Stop speaking an item Tap once with two ngers. Tap again with two ngers to resume speaking.
Change the speaking volume Use the volume buttons on iPad, or add volume to the rotor and swipe up
Mute VoiceOver Double-tap with three ngers. Double-tap again with three ngers to turn
Change the reading voice Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Use Compact Voice.
Speak the entire screen from
the top
Speak from the current item to
the bottom of the screen
Speak the iPad status information Tap the top of the screen to hear such information as the time, battery life,
Flick up or down with four ngers.
Chooser. Then type a name in the search eld, or ick right or left to move
through the list alphabetically, or tap the table index to the right of the list
and ick up or down to move quickly through the list of items.
Tap and hold with two ngers anywhere on the screen.
Speaking automatically resumes when you select another item.
and down to adjust. See “Using the VoiceOver rotor control
speaking back on. To turn o only VoiceOver sounds, set the Side Switch to
Mute. If an external keyboard is connected, you can also press the Control
key on the keyboard to mute or unmute VoiceOver.
Flick up with two ngers.
Flick down with two ngers.
Wi-Fi signal strength, and more.
” on page 111 .
” on page 111 .
“Tap” the selected item when VoiceOver is on: Double-tap anywhere on the screen.
“Double-tap” the selected item
when VoiceOver is on
Adjust a slider With a single nger, ick up to increase the setting or down to decrease
Scroll a list or area of the screen Flick up or down with three ngers. Flick down to page down through the
Chapter 24 Accessibility
Triple-tap anywhere on the screen.
the setting.
list or screen, or ick up to page up. When paging through a list, VoiceOver
speaks the range of items displayed (for example, “showing rows 5 through
10”). You can also scroll continuously through a list, instead of paging
through it. Double-tap and hold. When you hear a series of tones, you can
move your nger up or down to scroll the list. Continuous scrolling stops
when you lift your nger.
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Use a list index Some lists have an alphabetical index along the right side. The index can’t
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be selected by icking between elements; you must touch the index
directly to select it. With the index selected, ick up or down to move along
the index. You can also double-tap, then slide your nger up or down.
Reorder a list Some lists, such as Rotor and Language Rotor in Accessibility settings can
be reordered. Select
until you hear a sound, then drag up or down. VoiceOver speaks the item
you’ve moved above or below, depending on the direction you’re dragging.
Rearrange the Home screen On the Home screen, select the icon you want to move. Double-tap and
hold the icon, then drag it. VoiceOver speaks the row and column position
as you drag the icon. Release the icon when it’s in the location you want.
You can drag additional icons. Drag an item to the left or right edge of the
screen to move it to a dierent page of the Home screen. When you nish,
press the Home button
Turn the screen curtain on or o Triple-tap with three ngers. When the screen curtain is on, the screen
contents are active even though the display is turned o.
Unlock iPad Select the Unlock switch, then double-tap the screen.
on the right side of an item, double-tap and hold
.
Learning VoiceOver gestures
When VoiceOver is turned on, the standard touchscreen gestures have dierent eects. These and
some additional gestures let you move around the screen and control individual elements when
they’re selected. VoiceOver gestures include two- and three-nger gestures to tap or ick. For best
results when using two- and three-nger gestures, relax and let your ngers touch the screen with
some space between them.
You can use standard gestures when VoiceOver is turned on, by double-tapping and holding your
nger on the screen. A series of tones indicates that normal gestures are in force. They remain in
eect until you lift your nger. Then VoiceOver gestures resume.
You can use dierent techniques to enter VoiceOver gestures. For example, you can enter a
two-nger tap using two ngers from one hand, or one nger from each hand. You can also use
your thumbs. Many nd the “split-tap” gesture especially eective: instead of selecting an item
and double-tapping, you can touch and hold an item with one nger, then tap the screen with
another nger. Try dierent techniques to discover which works best for you.
If your gestures don’t work, try quicker movements, especially for double-tapping and icking
gestures. To ick, try quickly brushing the screen with your nger or ngers. When VoiceOver is
turned on, the VoiceOver Practice button appears, which gives you a chance to practice VoiceOver
gestures before proceeding.
Practice gestures: Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver, then tap VoiceOver Practice.
When you nish practicing, tap Done.
If you don’t see the VoiceOver Practice button, make sure VoiceOver is turned on.
Here’s a summary of key VoiceOver gestures:
Navigate and read
 Tap: Speak item.
 Flick right or left: Select the next or previous item.
 Flick up or down: Depends on the Rotor Control setting. See “Using the VoiceOver rotor
control” on page 111 .
 Two-nger tap: Stop speaking the current item.
 Two-nger ick up: Read all from the top of the screen.
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Chapter 24 Accessibility
 Two-nger ick down: Read all from the current position.
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 Two-nger “scrub”: Move two ngers back and forth three times quickly (making a “z”) to
dismiss an alert or go back to the previous screen.
 Two-nger triple tap: Open the Item Chooser.
 Three-nger ick up or down: Scroll one page at a time.
 Three-nger ick right or left: Go to the next or previous page (such as the Home screen, Stocks,
or Safari).
 Three-nger tap: Speak additional information, such as position within a list or whether text
is selected.
 Four-nger tap at top of screen: Select the rst item on the page.
 Four-nger tap at bottom of screen: Select the last item on the page.
Activate
 Double-tap: Activate the selected item.
 Triple-tap: Double-tap an item.
 Split-tap: An alternative to selecting an item and double-tapping is to touch an item with one
nger, then tap the screen with another to activate an item.
 Touch an item with one nger, tap the screen with another nger (“split-tapping”): Activate the item.
 Double-tap and hold (1 second) + standard gesture: Use a standard gesture.
The double-tap and hold gesture tells iPad to interpret the subsequent gesture as standard.
For example, you can double-tap and hold, then without lifting your nger, drag your nger to
slide a switch.
 Two-nger double-tap: Play or pause in Music, Videos, YouTube, Voice Memos, or Photos.
Take a photo (Camera). Start or pause recording in Camera or Voice Memos. Start or stop
the stopwatch.
 Two-nger double-tap and hold: Open the element labeler.
 Two-nger triple-tap: Open the Item Chooser.
 Three-nger double-tap: Mute or unmute VoiceOver.
 Three-nger triple-tap: Turn the screen curtain on or o.
Using the VoiceOver rotor control
The rotor control is a virtual dial that you can use to change the results of up and down ick
gestures when VoiceOver is turned on.
Operate the rotor: Rotate two ngers on the iPad screen around a point between them.
Change the options included in the rotor: Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver >
Rotor and select the options you want to be available using the rotor.
The eect of the rotor depends on what you’re doing. When you read text in an email, you can use
the rotor to switch between hearing text spoken word-by-word, character-by-character, or line-
by-line when you ick up or down. When you browse a webpage, you can use the rotor setting to
hear all the text (either word-by-word or character-by-character), or to jump from one element to
another of a certain type, such as headers or links.
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Reading text
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Select and hear text by:
Character, word, or line Â
Speaking
Adjust VoiceOver speaking by:
Volume or rate Â
Use of typing echo, pitch change, or phonetics (using Apple Wireless Keyboard) Â
See “Controlling VoiceOver using an Apple Wireless Keyboard” on page 114 .
Navigating
Select and hear text by:
Character, word, or line Â
Heading Â
Link, visited link, non-visited link, or in-page link Â
Form control Â
Table or row (when navigating a table) Â
List Â
Landmark Â
Image Â
Static text Â
Items of the same type Â
Buttons Â
Text elds Â
Search elds Â
Containers (screen regions such as the dock) Â
Zoom in or out
Entering text
Move insertion point and hear text by:
Character, word, or line Â
Select edit function
Select language
Using a control
Select and hear values by:
Character, word, or line Â
Adjust the value of the control object
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Entering and editing text with VoiceOver
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When you select a text eld with VoiceOver, you can use the onscreen keyboard or an external
keyboard connected to iPad to enter text. You can use the editing features of iPad to cut, copy, or
paste in the text eld.
There are two ways to enter text in VoiceOver—standard typing and touch typing. With standard
typing, you select a key, then double-tap the screen to enter the character. With touch typing, you
touch to select a key and the character is entered automatically when you lift your nger. Touch
typing can be quicker, but may require more practice than standard typing.
VoiceOver also lets you use the editing features of iPad to cut, copy, or paste in a text eld.
Enter text: Select an editable text eld, double-tap to display the insertion point and the
onscreen keyboard, and type characters.
 Standard typing: Select a key on the keyboard by icking left or right, then double-tap to enter
the character. Or move you nger around the keyboard to select a key and, while continuing
to touch the key with one nger, tap the screen with another nger. VoiceOver speaks the key
when it’s selected, and again when the character is entered.
 Touch typing: Touch a key on the keyboard to select it, then lift your nger to enter the
character. If you touch the wrong key, move your nger on the keyboard until you select the
key you want. VoiceOver speaks the character for each key as you touch it, but doesn’t enter a
character until you lift your nger.
Note: Touch typing works only for the keys that enter text. Use standard typing for other keys
such as Shift, Delete, and Return.
Move the insertion point: Flick up or down to move the insertion point forward or backward
in the text. Use the rotor to choose whether you want to move the insertion point by character,
by word, or by line. VoiceOver makes a sound when the insertion point moves, and speaks the
character, word, or line that the insertion point moves across.
When moving forward by words, the insertion point is placed at the end of each word, before
the space or punctuation that follows. When moving backward, the insertion point is placed
at the end of the preceding word, before the space or punctuation that follows it. To move the
insertion point past the punctuation at the end of a word or sentence, use the rotor to switch
back to character mode. When moving the insertion point by line, VoiceOver speaks each line as
you move across it. When moving forward, the insertion point is placed at the beginning of the
next line (except when you reach the last line of a paragraph, when the insertion point is moved
to the end of the line just spoken). When moving backward, the insertion point is placed at the
beginning of the line that’s spoken.
Choose standard or touch typing With VoiceOver turned on and a key selected on the keyboard, use the
rotor to select Typing Mode, then ick up or down.
Delete a character Select
typing. To delete multiple characters, touch and hold the Delete key, then
tap the screen with another nger once for each character you want to
delete. VoiceOver speaks the character as it’s deleted. If Use Pitch Change is
turned on, VoiceOver speaks deleted characters in a lower pitch.
Select text Set the rotor to Edit, ick up or down to choose Select or Select All, then
double-tap. If you chose Select, the word closest to the insertion point is
selected when you double-tap. If you chose Select All, the entire text is
selected. Pinch apart or together to increase or decrease the selection.
Cut, copy, or paste Make sure the rotor is set to edit. With text selected, ick up or down to
choose Cut, Copy, or Paste, then double-tap.
, then double-tap or split-tap. You must do this even when touch
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Undo Shake iPad, ick left or right to choose the action to undo, then double-tap.
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Enter an accented character In standard typing mode, select the plain character, then double-tap and
hold until you hear a sound indicating alternate characters have appeared.
Drag left or right to select and hear the choices. Release your nger to enter
the current selection.
Change the language you’re
typing in
Set the rotor to Language, then ick up or down. Choose “default language”
to use the language specied in International settings. The Language
rotor appears only if you select more than one language in the VoiceOver
Language Rotor setting. See “Setting up VoiceOver
” on page 108.
Using VoiceOver with Safari
When you search the web in Safari with VoiceOver on, the Search Results rotor items lets you hear
the list of suggested search phrases.
Search the web: Select the search eld, enter your search, then select Search Results using the
rotor. Flick right or left to move down or up the list, then double-tap the screen to search the web
using the current search phrase.
Using VoiceOver with Maps
You can use VoiceOver to zoom in or out, select pins, and get information about locations.
Zoom in or out: Select the map, use the rotor to choose zoom mode, then ick up or down to
zoom in or out.
Select a pin: Touch a pin, or ick left or right to move from one item to another.
Get information about a location: With a pin selected, double-tap to display the information ag.
Flick left or right to select the More Info button, then double-tap to display the information page.
Controlling VoiceOver using an Apple Wireless Keyboard
You can control VoiceOver on iPad using an Apple Wireless Keyboard. See “Using Bluetooth
devices” on page 37.
You can use VoiceOver keyboard commands to navigate the screen, select items, read screen
contents, adjust the rotor, and perform other VoiceOver actions. All the keyboard commands
(except one) include Control-Option, abbreviated in the table below as “VO.”
VoiceOver Help speaks keys or keyboard commands as you type them. You can use VoiceOver Help
to learn the keyboard layout and the actions associated with key combinations.
VoiceOver keyboard commands
VO = Control-Option
Read all, starting from the
current position
Read from the top VO–B
Move to the status bar VO–M
Press the Home button VO–H
Select the next or previous item VO–Right Arrow or VO–Left Arrow
Tap an item VO–Space bar
Double-tap with two ngers VO–”-”
Choose the next or previous
rotor item
VO–A
VO–Up Arrow or VO–Down Arrow
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Choose the next or previous
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speech rotor item
Adjust speech rotor item VO–Command–Up Arrow or VO–Command–Down Arrow
Mute or unmute VoiceOver VO–S
Turn the screen curtain on or o VO–Shift-S
Turn on VoiceOver help VO–K
Return to the previous screen, or
turn o VoiceOver help
Quick Nav
Turn on Quick Nav to control VoiceOver using the arrow keys. Quick Nav is o by default.
Turn Quick Nav on or o Left Arrow–Right Arrow
Select the next or previous item Right Arrow or Left Arrow
Select the next or previous item
specied by the rotor setting
Select the rst or last item Control–Up Arrow or Control–Down Arrow
“Tap” an item Up Arrow–Down Arrow
Scroll up, down, left, or right Option–Up Arrow, Option–Down Arrow, Option–Left Arrow, or
Change the rotor Up Arrow–Left Arrow or Up Arrow–Right Arrow
VO–Command–Left Arrow or VO–Command–Right Arrow
Escape
Up Arrow or Down Arrow
Option–Right Arrow
Single-letter Quick Nav for the web
When you view a web page with Quick Nav enabled, you can use the following keys on the
keyboard to navigate the page quickly. Typing the key moves to the next item of the indicated
type. Hold the Shift key as you type the letter to move to the previous item.
H Heading
L Link
R Text eld
B Button
C Form control
I Image
T Table
S Static text
W ARIA landmark
X List
M Element of the same type
1 Level 1 heading
2 Level 2 heading
3 Level 3 heading
4 Level 4 heading
5 Level 5 heading
6 Level 6 heading
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Using a braille display with VoiceOver
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You can use a refreshable Bluetooth braille display to read VoiceOver output in braille, and you
can use a braille display with input keys and other controls to control iPad when VoiceOver
is turned on. iPad works with many of the most popular wireless braille displays. For a list of
supported braille displays, go to www.apple.com/accessibility/iphone/braille-display.html.
Set up a braille display: Turn on the display, then go to Settings > General > Bluetooth and
turn on Bluetooth. Then go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Braille and choose
the display.
Turn contracted braille on or o Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Braille.
Turn eight-dot braille on or o Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > VoiceOver > Braille.
For information about common braille commands for VoiceOver navigation, and for information
specic to certain displays, go to support.apple.com/kb/HT4400.
The braille display uses the language that’s set for Voice Control. This is normally the language
that’s set for iPad in Settings > International > Language. You can use the VoiceOver language
setting to set a dierent language for VoiceOver and braille displays.
Set the language for VoiceOver: Go to Settings > General > International > Voice Control, then
choose the language.
If you change the language for iPad, you may need to reset the language for VoiceOver and your
braille display.
You can set the leftmost or rightmost cell of your braille display to provide system status and
other information:
Announcement History contains an unread message Â
The current Announcement History message hasn’t been read Â
VoiceOver speech is muted Â
The iPad battery is low (less than 20% charge) Â
iPad is in landscape orientation Â
The screen display is turned o Â
The current line contains additional text to the left Â
The current line contains additional text to the right Â
Set the leftmost or rightmost cell to display status information: Go to Settings > General >
Accessibility > VoiceOver > Braille > Status Cell, then tap Left or Right.
See an expanded description of the status cell: On your braille display, press the status cell’s
router button.
Triple-click Home
Triple-click Home is an easy way to turn some accessibility features on or o by quickly pressing
the Home button three times. You can set Triple-click Home to turn VoiceOver on or o, turn
White on Black on or o, turn touch on or o, or ask if you would like to triple-click the Home
button to:
Turn VoiceOver on or o Â
Turn White on Black on or o Â
Turn Zoom on or o Â
Turn AssistiveTouch on or o Â
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