Texas Instruments TI-83 User Manual
TI-83
GRAPHING CALCULATOR
GUIDEBOOK
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Table of Contents
This manual describes how to use the TI.83 Graphing Calculator. Getting
Started is an overview of TI.83 features. Chapter 1 describes how the TI.83
operates. Other chapters describe various interactive features. Chapter 17
shows how to combine these features to solve problems.
Getting Started: Do This First!
TI-83 Keyboard
TI-83 Menus
First Steps
Entering a Calculation: The Quadratic Formula
Converting to a Fraction: The Quadratic Formula
Displaying Complex Results: The Quadratic Formula
Defining a Function: Box with Lid
Defining a Table of Values: Box with Lid
Zooming In on the Table: Box with Lid
Setting the Viewing Window: Box with Lid
Displaying and Tracing the Graph: Box with Lid
Zooming In on the Graph: Box with Lid
Finding the Calculated Maximum: Box with Lid
Other TI-83 Features
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2
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
15
16
17
Chapter 1: Operating the TI-83
Turning On and Turning Off the TI-83
Setting the Display Contrast
The Display
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Entering Expressions and Instructions
TI-83 Edit Keys
Setting Modes
Using TI-83 Variable Names
Storing Variable Values
Recalling Variable Values
(Last Entry) Storage Area
ENTRY
(Last Answer) Storage Area
Ans
TI-83 Menus
and
VARS
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Menus
VARS Y.VARS
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Equation Operating System (EOSé)
Error Conditions
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1-2
1-3
1-4
1-6
1-8
1-9
1-13
1-14
1-15
1-16
1-18
1-19
1-21
1-22
1-24
Introduction iii
Chapter 2: Math, Angle, and Test Operations
Getting Started: Coin Flip
Keyboard Math Operations
Operations
MATH
Using the Equation Solver
MATH NUM
(Number) Operations
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Entering and Using Complex Numbers
MATH CPX
MATH PRB
ANGLE
TEST
TEST LOGIC
(Complex) Operations
(Probability) Operations
Operations
(Relational) Operations
(Boolean) Operations
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2-2
2-3
2-5
2-8
2-13
2-16
2-18
2-20
2-23
2-25
2-26
Chapter 3: Function Graphing
Chapter 4: Parametric Graphing
Chapter 5: Polar Graphing
Getting Started: Graphing a Circle
Defining Graphs
Setting the Graph Modes
Defining Functions
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Selecting and Deselecting Functions
Setting Graph Styles for Functions
Setting the Viewing Window Variables
Setting the Graph Format
Displaying Graphs
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Exploring Graphs with the Free-Moving Cursor
Exploring Graphs with
Exploring Graphs with the
Using
ZOOM MEMORY
Using the
(Calculate) Operations
CALC
Getting Started: Path of a Ball
Defining and Displaying Parametric Graphs
Exploring Parametric Graphs
Getting Started: Polar Rose
Defining and Displaying Polar Graphs
Exploring Polar Graphs
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TRACE
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Instructions
ZOOM
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3-2
3-3
3-4
3-5
3-7
3-9
3-11
3-13
3-15
3-17
3-18
3-20
3-23
3-25
4-2
4-4
4-7
5-2
5-3
5-6
iv Introduction
Chapter 6: Sequence Graphing
Getting Started: Forest and Trees
Defining and Displaying Sequence Graphs
Selecting Axes Combinations
Exploring Sequence Graphs
Graphing Web Plots
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Using Web Plots to Illustrate Convergence
Graphing Phase Plots
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Comparing TI-83 and TI.82 Sequence Variables
Keystroke Differences Between TI-83 and TI-82
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6-2
6-3
6-8
6-9
6-11
6-12
6-13
6-15
6-16
Chapter 7: Tables
Chapter 8: DRAW Operations
Chapter 9: Split Screen
Getting Started: Roots of a Function
Setting Up the Table
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Defining the Dependent Variables
Displaying the Table
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Getting Started: Drawing a Tangent Line
Using the
DRAW
Clearing Drawings
Drawing Line Segments
Drawing Horizontal and Vertical Lines
Drawing Tangent Lines
Drawing Functions and Inverses
Shading Areas on a Graph
Drawing Circles
Placing Text on a Graph
Using Pen to Draw on a Graph
Drawing Points on a Graph
Drawing Pixels
Storing Graph Pictures (
Recalling Graph Pictures (
Storing Graph Databases (
Recalling Graph Databases (
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Menu
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)
Pic
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)
Pic
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)
GDB
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)
GDB
Getting Started: Exploring the Unit Circle
Using Split Screen
(Horizontal) Split Screen
Horiz
(Graph-Table) Split Screen
G-T
TI.83 Pixels in
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Horiz
and
G-T
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Modes
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7-2
7-3
7-4
7-5
8-2
8-3
8-4
8-5
8-6
8-8
8-9
8-10
8-11
8-12
8-13
8-14
8-16
8-17
8-18
8-19
8-20
9-2
9-3
9-4
9-5
9-6
Introduction v
Chapter 10: Matrices
Getting Started: Systems of Linear Equations
Defining a Matrix
Viewing and Editing Matrix Elements
Using Matrices with Expressions
Displaying and Copying Matrices
Using Math Functions with Matrices
Using the
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MATRX MATH
Operations
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10-2
10-3
10-4
10-7
10-8
10-9
10-12
Chapter 11: Lists
Chapter 12: Statistics
Chapter 13: Inferential Statistics and Distributions
Getting Started: Generating a Sequence
Naming Lists
Storing and Displaying Lists
Entering List Names
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Attaching Formulas to List Names
Using Lists in Expressions
Menu
LIST OPS
LIST MATH
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Menu
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Getting Started: Pendulum Lengths and Periods
Setting up Statistical Analyses
Using the Stat List Editor
Attaching Formulas to List Names
Detaching Formulas from List Names
Switching Stat List Editor Contexts
Stat List Editor Contexts
Menu
STAT EDIT
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Regression Model Features
Menu
STAT CALC
Statistical Variables
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Statistical Analysis in a Program
Statistical Plotting
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Statistical Plotting in a Program
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Getting Started: Mean Height of a Population
Inferential Stat Editors
STAT TESTS
Menu
Inferential Statistics Input Descriptions
Test and Interval Output Variables
Distribution Functions
Distribution Shading
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11-2
11-3
11-4
11-6
11-7
11-9
11-10
11-17
12-2
12-10
12-11
12-14
12-16
12-17
12-18
12-20
12-22
12-24
12-29
12-30
12-31
12-37
13-2
13-6
13-9
13-26
13-28
13-29
13-35
vi Introduction
Chapter 14: Financial Functions
Getting Started: Financing a Car
Getting Started: Computing Compound Interest
Using the
TVM Solver
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Using the Financial Functions
Calculating Time Value of Money (
Calculating Cash Flows
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Calculating Amortization
Calculating Interest Conversion
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)
TVM
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Finding Days between Dates/Defining Payment Method
Using the
TVM
Variables
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14-2
14-3
14-4
14-5
14-6
14-8
14-9
14-12
14-13
14-14
Chapter 15: CATALOG, Strings, Hyperbolic Functions
Chapter 16: Programming
Chapter 17: Applications
Browsing the TI-83
CATALOG
Entering and Using Strings
Storing Strings to String Variables
String Functions and Instructions in the
Hyperbolic Functions in the
Getting Started: Volume of a Cylinder
Creating and Deleting Programs
Entering Command Lines and Executing Programs
Editing Programs
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Copying and Renaming Programs
PRGM CTL
PRGM I/O
(Control) Instructions
(Input/Output) Instructions
Calling Other Programs as Subroutines
Comparing Test Results Using Box Plots
Graphing Piecewise Functions
Graphing Inequalities
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Solving a System of Nonlinear Equations
Using a Program to Create the Sierpinski Triangle
Graphing Cobweb Attractors
Using a Program to Guess the Coefficients
Graphing the Unit Circle and Trigonometric Curves
Finding the Area between Curves
Using Parametric Equations: Ferris Wheel Problem
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CATALOG
CATALOG
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Demonstrating the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
Computing Areas of Regular N-Sided Polygons
Computing and Graphing Mortgage Payments
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15-2
15-3
15-4
15-6
15-10
16-2
16-4
16-5
16-6
16-7
16-8
16-16
16-22
17-2
17-4
17-5
17-6
17-7
17-8
17-9
17-10
17-11
17-12
17-14
17-16
17-18
Introduction vii
Chapter 18: Memory Management
Checking Available Memory
Deleting Items from Memory
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Clearing Entries and List Elements
Resetting the TI.83
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18-2
18-3
18-4
18-5
Chapter 19: Communication Link
Appendix A: Tables and Reference Information
Appendix B: General Information
Index
Getting Started: Sending Variables
TI-83
Selecting Items to Send
Receiving Items
Transmitting Items
Transmitting Lists to a TI-82
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LINK
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Transmitting from a TI-82 to a TI-83
Backing Up Memory
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Table of Functions and Instructions
Menu Map
Variables
Statistical Formulas
Financial Formulas
Battery Information
In Case of Difficulty
Error Conditions
Accuracy Information
Support and Service Information
Warranty Information
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19-2
19-3
19-4
19-5
19-6
19-8
19-9
19-10
A-2
A-39
A-49
A-50
A-54
B-2
B-4
B-5
B-10
B-12
B-13
viii Introduction
Getting Started: Do This First!
Contents
TI-83 Keyboard
TI-83 Menus
First Steps
Entering a Calculation: The Quadratic Formula
Converting to a Fraction: The Quadratic Formula
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.............................................
...............................................
..........
........
Displaying Complex Results: The Quadratic Formula
Defining a Function: Box with Lid
Defining a Table of Values: Box with Lid
Zooming In on the Table: Box with Lid
Setting the Viewing Window: Box with Lid
Displaying and Tracing the Graph: Box with Lid
Zooming In on the Graph: Box with Lid
Finding the Calculated Maximum: Box with Lid
Other TI.83 Features
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2
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
15
16
17
Getting Started 1
TI-83 Keyboard
Generally, the keyboard is divided into these zones: graphing keys, editing
keys, advanced function keys, and scientific calculator keys.
Keyboard Zones
Graphing Keys
Graphing keys access the interactive graphing features.
Editing keys allow you to edit expressions and values.
Advanced function keys display menus that access the
advanced functions.
Scientific calculator keys access the capabilities of a
standard scientific calculator.
Editing Keys
Advanced
Function Keys
Scientific
Calculator Keys
2 Getting Started
Using the Color-Coded Keyboard
The keys on the TI.83 are color-coded to help you easily
locate the key you need.
The gray keys are the number keys. The blue keys along the
right side of the keyboard are the common math functions.
The blue keys across the top set up and display graphs.
The primary function of each key is printed in white on the
key. For example, when you press
, the
MATH
menu is
displayed.
Using the
and
y
ƒ
Keys
The y key accesses
the second function
printed in yellow above
each key.
The secondary function of each key is printed in yellow
above the key. When you press the yellow y key, the
character, abbreviation, or word printed in yellow above
the other keys becomes active for the next keystroke. For
example, when you press y and then
, the
TEST
menu is displayed. This guidebook describes this keystroke
combination as y [
TEST
].
The alpha function of each key is printed in green above
the key. When you press the green
ƒ
key, the alpha
character printed in green above the other keys becomes
active for the next keystroke. For example, when you press
ƒ
and then
guidebook describes this keystroke combination as
A
].
[
, the letter
A is entered. This
ƒ
The ƒ key
accesses the alpha
function printed in
green above each key.
Getting Started 3
A
TI-83 Menus
Displaying a Menu
While using your TI.83, you often will need
to access items from its menus.
When you press a key that displays a menu,
that menu temporarily replaces the screen
where you are working. For example, when
you press
as a full screen.
fter you select an item from a menu, the
screen where you are working usually is
displayed again.
Moving from One Menu to Another
Some keys access more than one menu. When
you press such a key, the names of all
accessible menus are displayed on the top
line. When you highlight a menu name, the
items in that menu are displayed. Press ~ and
|
to highlight each menu name.
Selecting an Item from a Menu
The number or letter next to the current menu
item is highlighted. If the menu continues
beyond the screen, a down arrow (
replaces the colon (
item. If you scroll beyond the last displayed
item, an up arrow (
the first item displayed.You can select an item
in either of two ways.
¦
Press † or } to move the cursor to the
number or letter of the item; press
¦
Press the key or key combination for the
number or letter next to the item.
, the
menu is displayed
MATH
:
) in the last displayed
#
) replaces the colon in
$
)
Í
.
Leaving a Menu without Making a Selection
You can leave a menu without making a
selection in any of three ways.
¦
Press
‘
to return to the screen
where you were.
¦
Press y [
QUIT
] to return to the home
screen.
¦
Press a key for another menu or screen.
4 Getting Started
First Steps
Before starting the sample problems in this chapter, follow the steps on this
page to reset the TI.83 to its factory settings and clear all memory. This
ensures that the keystrokes in this chapter will produce the illustrated results.
To reset the TI.83, follow these steps.
1. Press É to turn on the calculator.
2. Press and release y, and then press
MEM
[
] (above Ã).
When you press y, you access the
operation printed in yellow above the next
key that you press. [
y
operation of the à key.
The
MEMORY
3. Press 5 to select 5:Reset.
The
menu is displayed.
RESET
4. Press 1 to select 1:All Memory.
The
RESET MEMORY
MEM
] is the
menu is displayed.
menu is displayed.
5. Press 2 to select 2:Reset.
All memory is cleared, and the calculator
is reset to the factory default settings.
When you reset the TI.83, the display
contrast is reset.
¦
If the screen is very light or blank, press
and release y, and then press and
hold } to darken the screen.
¦
If the screen is very dark, press and
release y, and then press and hold
to lighten the screen.
†
Getting Started 5
Entering a Calculation: The Quadratic Formula
Use the quadratic formula to solve the quadratic equations 3X2 + 5X + 2 = 0
2
and 2X
1. Press
2. Press
3. Press
4. Press
N X + 3 = 0. Begin with the equation 3X2 + 5X + 2 = 0.
¿ ƒ
3
[A] (above
store the coefficient of the X
ƒ
:
] (above Ë). The colon
[
2
term.
) to
allows you to enter more than one
instruction on a line.
¿ ƒ
5
[B] (above
store the coefficient of the X
ƒ
the same line. Press
(above
:
[
] to enter a new instruction on
¿ ƒ
2
) to store the constant.
Í
to store the values to the
term. Press
[C]
) to
variables A, B, and C.
The last value you stored is shown on the
right side of the display. The cursor moves
to the next line, ready for your next entry.
5. Press £ Ì
¡ ¹
ƒ
ƒ
[B] Ã y [‡]
ƒ
4
A
[
] ¤ to enter the expression for
[A]
ƒ
[C] ¤ ¤ ¥ £ 2
one of the solutions for the quadratic
formula,
2
−
6. Press
equation 3X
4
+−
bb ac
2
a
Í
to find one solution for the
2
+ 5X + 2 = 0.
The answer is shown on the right side of
the display. The cursor moves to the next
line, ready for you to enter the next
expression.
6 Getting Started
ƒ
[B]
Converting to a Fraction: The Quadratic Formula
You can show the solution as a fraction.
1. Press
to display the
MATH
menu.
2. Press 1 to select 1:
4
Frac from the
MATH
menu.
When you press
the home screen.
1, Ans4Frac is displayed on
Ans is a variable that
contains the last calculated answer.
3. Press
Í
to convert the result to a
fraction.
To save keystrokes, you can recall the last expression you entered, and then
edit it for a new calculation.
4. Press y [
ENTRY
] (above
Í
) to recall
the fraction conversion entry, and then
press y [
ENTRY
] again to recall the
quadratic-formula expression,
2
−
bb ac
4
+−
2
a
5. Press } to move the cursor onto the + sign
in the formula. Press ¹ to edit the
quadratic-formula expression to become:
2
−
6. Press
the quadratic equation 3X
4
−−
bb ac
2
a
Í
to find the other solution for
2
+ 5X + 2 = 0.
Getting Started 7
Displaying Complex Results: The Quadratic Formula
Now solve the equation 2X2 N X + 3 = 0. When you set a+b
mode, the TI.83 displays complex results.
1. Press
z † † † † † †
(6 times), and
then press ~ to position the cursor over
a+b
i
. Press
Í
to select
a+b
i
complex-
number mode.
QUIT
2. Press y [
] (above
the home screen, and then press
z
) to return to
‘
to
clear it.
C
]
Í
¿ ƒ
B
[
.
3. Press 2
¿ ƒ
[
The coefficient of the X
ƒ
]
[A]
[ : ] 3
ƒ
[ : ] Ì 1
¿ ƒ
2
term, the
coefficient of the X term, and the constant
for the new equation are stored to A, B,
and C, respectively.
4. Press y [
instruction, and then press y [
ENTRY
] to recall the store
ENTRY
]
again to recall the quadratic-formula
expression,
2
−
5. Press
equation 2X
4
−−
bb ac
2
a
Í
to find one solution for the
2
N X + 3 = 0.
i
complex number
6. Press y [
ENTRY
] repeatedly until this
quadratic-formula expression is displayed:
2
−
7. Press
the quadratic equation: 2X
Note:
Solver (Chapter 2).
4
bb ac
+−
2
a
Í
to find the other solution for
An alternative for solving equations for real numbers is to use the built-in Equation
2
N X + 3 = 0.
8 Getting Started
v
Defining a Function: Box with Lid
Take a 20 cm. × 25 cm. sheet of paper and cut X × X squares from two corners.
Cut X × 12.5 cm. rectangles from the other two corners as shown in the
diagram below. Fold the paper into a box with a lid. What value of X would
give your box the maximum volume V? Use the table and graphs to determine
the solution.
Begin by defining a function that describes the
olume of the box.
From the diagram: 2X + A = 20
2X + 2B = 25
V = A B X
Substituting: V = (20 N 2X) (25à2 N X) X
1. Press o to display the Y= editor, which is
where you define functions for tables and
graphing.
2. Press £ 20 ¹ 2
„ ¤ „ Í
volume function as
„
lets you enter
having to press
„ ¤ £
to define the
1
Y
in terms of X.
X quickly, without
ƒ
. The highlighted
25 ¥ 2
¹
=
sign indicates that Y1 is selected.
X
20
A
X B X B
25
Getting Started 9
Defining a Table of Values: Box with Lid
The table feature of the TI.83 displays numeric information about a function.
You can use a table of values from the function defined on page 9 to estimate
an answer to the problem.
1. Press y [
display the
2. Press
3. Press
@
Tbl=1
Depend: Auto so that the table will be
TBLSET
] (above
TABLE SETUP
Í
to accept
Í
1
to define the table increment
. Leave Indpnt: Auto and
generated automatically.
4. Press y [
TABLE
] (above
the table.
Notice that the maximum value for
(box’s volume) occurs when X is about 4,
between
3 and 5.
5. Press and hold † to scroll the table until a
negative result for
Notice that the maximum length of
this problem occurs where the sign of
(box’s volume) changes from positive to
negative, between
6. Press y [
Notice that
TBLSET
10 and 11.
].
TblStart has changed to 6 to
reflect the first line of the table as it was
last displayed. (In step 5, the first value of
X displayed in the table is 6.)
p
menu.
TblStart=0.
s
1
Y
is displayed.
) to
) to display
1
Y
X for
1
Y
10 Getting Started
Zooming In on the Table: Box with Lid
You can adjust the way a table is displayed to get more information about a
@
defined function. With smaller values for
1. Press
Í
3
to set
to set TblStart. Press Ë 1
@
Tbl
.
Í
This adjusts the table setup to get a more
accurate estimate of
volume
1
Y
.
X for maximum
Tbl
, you can zoom in on the table.
2. Press y [
TABLE
].
3. Press † and } to scroll the table.
1
Y
Í
is
to
@
Tbl
Notice that the maximum value for
410.26, which occurs at X=3.7. Therefore,
the maximum occurs where
4. Press y [
set
5. Press y [
TBLSET
TblStart. Press
TABLE
]. Press 3
Ë
], and then press † and
01
Ë
Í
3.6<X<3.8.
6
to set
to scroll the table.
Four equivalent maximum values are
shown,
3.70.
410.60 at X=3.67, 3.68, 3.69, and
6. Press † and } to move the cursor to 3.67.
Press ~ to move the cursor into the
1
Y
column.
1
Y
The value of
at X=3.67 is displayed on
the bottom line in full precision as
410.261226.
7. Press † to display the other maximums.
1
Y
The value of
410.264064, at X=3.69 is 410.262318, and at
X=3.7 is 410.256.
at X=3.68 in full precision is
The maximum volume of the box would
occur at
3.68 if you could measure and cut
the paper at .01-cm. increments.
.
}
Getting Started 11
Setting the Viewing Window: Box with Lid
You also can use the graphing features of the TI.83 to find the maximum value
of a previously defined function. When the graph is activated, the viewing
window defines the displayed portion of the coordinate plane. The values of
the window variables determine the size of the viewing window.
1. Press
p
to display the window
editor, where you can view and edit the
values of the window variables.
The standard window variables define the
viewing window as shown.
Ymin, and Ymax define the boundaries of
the display.
Xscl and Yscl define the
Xmin, Xmax,
distance between tick marks on the
Y axes. Xres controls resolution.
2. Press 0
3. Press
Í
to define Xmin.
¥
20
2 to define Xmax using an
expression.
4. Press
5. Press
Í
. The expression is evaluated,
and
10 is stored in Xmax. Press
accept
Xscl as 1.
Í
0
500
Í
100
Í
Í
to define the remaining window variables.
X and
1
to
Í
Xmin
Ymax
Xscl
Xmax
Yscl
Ymin
12 Getting Started
Displaying and Tracing the Graph: Box with Lid
Now that you have defined the function to be graphed and the window in
which to graph it, you can display and explore the graph. You can trace along a
function using the
1. Press
s
to graph the selected function
in the viewing window.
The graph of
Y1=(20N2X)(25à2NX)X is
displayed.
2. Press ~ to activate the free-moving graph
cursor.
The
X and Y coordinate values for the
position of the graph cursor are displayed
on the bottom line.
3. Press |, ~, }, and † to move the freemoving cursor to the apparent maximum
of the function.
As you move the cursor, the
coordinate values are updated continually.
TRACE
feature.
X and Y
Getting Started 13
on the
r
. The trace cursor is displayed
1
Y
function.
4. Press
The function that you are tracing is
displayed in the top-left corner.
5. Press | and ~ to trace along
at a time, evaluating
1
Y
Y
at each X.
You also can enter your estimate for the
maximum value of
Ë
3
6. Press
while in
8. When you press a number key
TRACE
X.
, the X= prompt is displayed
in the bottom-left corner.
1
, one X dot
7. Press
Í
.
The trace cursor jumps to the point on the
1
Y
function evaluated at X=3.8.
8. Press | and ~ until you are on the
maximum
This is the maximum of
Y value.
Y1(X) for the X
pixel values. The actual, precise maximum
may lie between pixel values.
14 Getting Started
Zooming In on the Graph: Box with Lid
To help identify maximums, minimums, roots, and intersections of functions,
you can magnify the viewing window at a specific location using the
instructions.
1. Press
q
to display the
ZOOM
menu.
This menu is a typical TI.83 menu. To
select an item, you can either press the
number or letter next to the item, or you
can press † until the item number or letter
is highlighted, and then press
Í
.
2. Press 2 to select 2:Zoom In.
The graph is displayed again. The cursor
has changed to indicate that you are using
a
ZOOM
instruction.
3. With the cursor near the maximum value
of the function (as in step 8 on page 14),
Í
press
.
The new viewing window is displayed.
Both
XmaxNXmin and YmaxNYmin have
been adjusted by factors of 4, the default
values for the zoom factors.
4. Press
p
to display the new window
settings.
ZOOM
Getting Started 15
Finding the Calculated Maximum: Box with Lid
You can use a
CALCULATE
menu operation to calculate a local maximum of a
function.
1. Press y [
the
CALCULATE
4:maximum.
CALC
] (above
menu. Press 4 to select
r
) to display
The graph is displayed again with a
Left Bound? prompt.
2. Press | to trace along the curve to a point
to the left of the maximum, and then press
Í
.
4
A
at the top of the screen indicates the
selected bound.
A
Right Bound? prompt is displayed.
3. Press ~ to trace along the curve to a point
to the right of the maximum, and then
Í
press
3
A
at the top of the screen indicates the
.
selected bound.
A
Guess? prompt is displayed.
4. Press | to trace to a point near the
maximum, and then press
Or, press
Ë
3
8, and then press
Í
.
Í
to
enter a guess for the maximum.
When you press a number key in
the
X= prompt is displayed in the bottom-
TRACE
,
left corner.
Notice how the values for the calculated
maximum compare with the maximums
found with the free-moving cursor, the
trace cursor, and the table.
Note:
In steps 2 and 3 above, you can enter values
directly for Left Bound and Right Bound, in the same
way as described in step 4.
16 Getting Started
Other TI-83 Features
Getting Started has introduced you to basic TI.83 operation. This guidebook
describes in detail the features you used in Getting Started. It also covers the
other features and capabilities of the TI.83.
Graphing
You can store, graph, and analyze up to 10 functions
(Chapter 3), up to six parametric functions (Chapter 4), up
to six polar functions (Chapter 5), and up to three
sequences (Chapter 6). You can use
DRAW
operations to
annotate graphs (Chapter 8).
Sequences
Tables
Split Screen
Matrices
Lists
Statistics
You can generate sequences and graph them over time. Or,
you can graph them as web plots or as phase plots
(Chapter 6).
You can create function evaluation tables to analyze many
functions simultaneously (Chapter 7).
You can split the screen horizontally to display both a
graph and a related editor (such as the
editor), the
Y=
table, the stat list editor, or the home screen. Also, you can
split the screen vertically to display a graph and its table
simultaneously (Chapter 9).
You can enter and save up to 10 matrices and perform
standard matrix operations on them (Chapter 10).
You can enter and save as many lists as memory allows for
use in statistical analyses. You can attach formulas to lists
for automatic computation. You can use lists to evaluate
expressions at multiple values simultaneously and to graph
a family of curves (Chapter 11).
You can perform one- and two-variable, list-based
statistical analyses, including logistic and sine regression
analysis. You can plot the data as a histogram, xyLine,
scatter plot, modified or regular box-and-whisker plot, or
normal probability plot. You can define and store up to
three stat plot definitions (Chapter 12).
Getting Started 17
Inferential Statistics
You can perform 16 hypothesis tests and confidence
intervals and 15 distribution functions. You can display
hypothesis test results graphically or numerically
(Chapter 13).
Financial Functions
CATALOG
Programming
Communication Link
You can use time-value-of-money (
) functions to
TVM
analyze financial instruments such as annuities, loans,
mortgages, leases, and savings. You can analyze the value
of money over equal time periods using cash flow
functions. You can amortize loans with the amortization
functions (Chapter 14).
The
CATALOG
is a convenient, alphabetical list of all
functions and instructions on the TI.83. You can paste any
function or instruction from the
CATALOG
to the current
cursor location (Chapter 15).
You can enter and store programs that include extensive
control and input/output instructions (Chapter 16).
The TI.83 has a port to connect and communicate with
another TI.83, a TI.82, the Calculator-Based Laboratory
(CBL 2é, CBLé) System, a Calculator-Based Ranger
é
é
(CBRé), or a personal computer. The unit-to-unit link
cable is included with the TI.83 (Chapter 19).
18 Getting Started
Operatin
g
1
Contents
the TI-83
Turning On and Turning Off the TI.83
Setting the Display Contrast
The Display
Entering Expressions and Instructions
TI.83 Edit Keys
Setting Modes
Using TI.83 Variable Names
Storing Variable Values
Recalling Variable Values
ENTRY
(Last Answer) Storage Area
Ans
TI.83 Menus
VARS
Equation Operating System (EOSé)
Error Conditions
..............................................
..........................................
...........................................
(Last Entry) Storage Area
.............................................
and
VARS Y.VARS
.........................................
.............................
.............................
..................................
................................
........................
.........................
.........................
Menus
....................
...................
.....................
1-2
1-3
1-4
1-6
1-8
1-9
1-13
1-14
1-15
1-16
1-18
1-19
1-21
1-22
1-24
Operating the TI-83 1-1
Turning On and Turning Off the TI-83
Turning On the Calculator
Turning Off the Calculator
Batteries
To turn on the TI.83, press É.
•
If you previously had turned off the calculator by
pressing y [
OFF
], the TI.83 displays the home screen
as it was when you last used it and clears any error.
•
If Automatic Power Down™ (APDé) had previously
turned off the calculator, the TI.83 will return exactly as
you left it, including the display, cursor, and any error.
To prolong the life of the batteries, APD turns off the TI.83
automatically after about five minutes without any activity.
OFF
To turn off the TI.83 manually, press y [
•
All settings and memory contents are retained by
].
Constant Memoryé.
•
Any error condition is cleared.
The TI.83 uses four AAA alkaline batteries and has a userreplaceable backup lithium battery (CR1616 or CR1620).
To replace batteries without losing any information stored
in memory, follow the steps in Appendix B.
1-2 Operating the TI-83
Setting the Display Contrast
Adjusting the Display Contrast
When to Replace Batteries
You can adjust the display contrast to suit your viewing
angle and lighting conditions. As you change the contrast
setting, a number from
0 (lightest) to 9 (darkest) in the
top-right corner indicates the current level. You may not be
able to see the number if contrast is too light or too dark.
Note:
The TI.83 has 40 contrast settings, so each number
represents four settings.
0
through
The TI.83 retains the contrast setting in memory when it is
turned off.
To adjust the contrast, follow these steps.
1. Press and release the y key.
2. Press and hold † or }, which are below and above the
contrast symbol (yellow, half-shaded circle).
•
†
lightens the screen.
•
}
darkens the screen.
Note:
If you adjust the contrast setting to
completely blank. To restore the screen, press and release y, and
then press and hold } until the display reappears.
0
, the display may become
When the batteries are low, a low-battery message is
displayed when you turn on the calculator.
9
To replace the batteries without losing any information in
memory, follow the steps in Appendix B.
Generally, the calculator will continue to operate for one
or two weeks after the low-battery message is first
displayed. After this period, the TI.83 will turn off
automatically and the unit will not operate. Batteries must
be replaced. All memory is retained.
Note:
The operating period following the first low-battery message
could be longer than two weeks if you use the calculator infrequently.
Operating the TI-83 1-3
The Display
Types of Displays
Home Screen
Displaying Entries and Answers
The TI.83 displays both text and graphs. Chapter 3
describes graphs. Chapter 9 describes how the TI.83 can
display a horizontally or vertically split screen to show
graphs and text simultaneously.
The home screen is the primary screen of the TI.83. On
this screen, enter instructions to execute and expressions
to evaluate. The answers are displayed on the same screen.
When text is displayed, the TI.83 screen can display a
maximum of eight lines with a maximum of 16 characters
per line. If all lines of the display are full, text scrolls off
the top of the display. If an expression on the home screen,
the
editor (Chapter 3), or the program editor
Y=
(Chapter 16) is longer than one line, it wraps to the
beginning of the next line. In numeric editors such as the
window screen (Chapter 3), a long expression scrolls to
the right and left.
When an entry is executed on the home screen, the answer
is displayed on the right side of the next line.
Entry
Answer
The mode settings control the way the TI.83 interprets
expressions and displays answers (page 1.9).
If an answer, such as a list or matrix, is too long to display
entirely on one line, an ellipsis (
...) is displayed to the right
or left. Press ~ and | to scroll the answer.
Entry
Answer
Returning to the Home Screen
Busy Indicator
To return to the home screen from any other screen, press
QUIT
y
[
When the TI.83 is calculating or graphing, a vertical
moving line is displayed as a busy indicator in the top-right
corner of the screen. When you pause a graph or a
program, the busy indicator becomes a vertical moving
dotted line.
1-4 Operating the TI-83
].
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