HEIDENHAIN CNC Pilot 4290 User Manual
CNC PILOT 4290
NC Software
368 650-xx
V7
User’s Manual
English (en)
10/2004
Data input keypad
Manual operating mode
Machine operating panel
Cycle Start
Automatic mode
Programming modes (DIN PLUS, simulation, TURN
PLUS)
Organization modes (parameter, service, transfer)
Display error status
Call the info system
ESC (escape)
■ Go back by one menu level
■ Close dialog box, do not save
INS (insert)
■ Insert list element
■ Close dialog box, save data
ALT (alter)
■ Change the list element
DEL (delete)
■ Deletes the list element
■ deletes the selected character or the character to
the left of the cursor.
. . . Numbers for value input and soft-key
selection
Decimal point
Cycle Stop
Feed Stop
Spindle Stop
Spindle on – M3/M4 direction
Spindle jog – M3/M4 direction (The
spindle turns until you press the key.
Manual direction keys +X/–X
Manual direction keys +Z/–Z
Manual direction keys +Y/–Y
Rapid traverse key
Slide change key
Spindle change key
Spindle speed at the programmed value
Minus as algebraic sign
”Continue key” for special functions (e.g. marking)
Arrow keys
Page forward, page backward
■ Change to previous/next screen page
■ Change to previous/next dialog box
■ Switch between input windows
Enter – Confirmation of input
Increase/decrease spindle speed by 5%
Override dial for feed rate
Touch pad with right and left
mouse key
CNC PILOT 4290, Software and
Functions
This manual describes functions that are available in the CNC PILOT
4290 with NC software number 368 650-xx (Release 7.0). For
programming the Y-axis, please refer to the User's Manual ”CNC
PILOT 4290 with Y-Axis”. It is not described in this manual.
The machine manufacturer adapts the features offered by the control
to the capabilities of the specific lathe by setting machine parameters.
Therefore, some of the functions described in this manual may not be
among the features provided by the CNC PILOT on your machine tool.
Some of the CNC PILOT functions which are not available on every
machine are:
■ Machining with the C axis
■ Machining with the Y-axis
■ Full-surface machining
■ Tool monitoring
■ Graphically supported interactive contour definition
■ Automatic or graphically supported interactive DIN PLUS program
generation
Please contact your machine manufacturer for detailed information on
the features that are supported by your machine tool.
Many machine manufacturers and HEIDENHAIN offer programming
courses for the CNC PILOT controls. We recommend these courses
as an effective way of improving your programming skills and sharing
information and ideas with other CNC PILOT users.
HEIDENHAIN also offers the PC software DataPilot 4290, which is
designed for use with the CNC PILOT 4290. The DataPilot is suitable
for both shop-floor programming as well as off-location program
creation and testing. It is also ideal for training purposes. DataPilot
can be run on WINDOWS 95, WINDOWS 98, WINDOWS ME,
WINDOWS NT 4.0 or WINDOWS 2000.
Intended place of operation
The CNC PILOT 4290 complies with EN 55022, Class A, and is
intended primarily for operation in industrially zoned areas.
Contents
Introduction and Fundamentals
1
Basics of operation
Manual Control and Automatic Modes
DIN PLUS
Graphic Simulation
TURN PLUS
Parameter
Operating Resources
Service and Diagnosis
Transfer
Tables and overviews
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Contents
HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 4290
I
1 Introduction and Fundamentals..... 1
1.1 The CNC PILOT..... 2
1.2 The Operating Modes..... 5
Contents
1.3 Expansion Stages (Options)..... 6
1.4 Fundamentals..... 7
1.5 Tool Dimensions..... 10
2 Basics of Operation..... 11
2.1 User Interface..... 12
2.1.1 Screen Displays..... 12
2.1.2 Controls and Displays..... 13
2.1.3 Selection of Operating Modes..... 14
2.1.4 Selection of Functions, Data Input..... 14
2.2 The Info System..... 16
2.3 The Error System..... 17
2.3.1 Direct Error Messages..... 17
2.3.2 Error Display, PLC Display..... 17
2.4 Data Backup..... 19
2.5 Explanation of Terms..... 19
3 Manual Control and Automatic mode..... 21
3.1 Switch-On, Switch-Off, Reference Run..... 22
3.1.1 Switch-On and Traversing the Reference Marks..... 22
3.1.2 Switch-Off..... 23
3.2 Manual Operating Mode..... 24
3.2.1 Entering machine data..... 25
3.2.2 M Commands..... 25
3.2.3 Manual Turning Operations..... 26
3.2.4 Handwheel..... 26
3.2.5 Spindle and Axis Direction Keys..... 27
3.2.6 Slide/Spindle change key..... 27
3.3 Tool Lists, Tool Life Management..... 28
3.3.1 Setting Up a Tool List..... 29
3.3.2 Comparing a Tool List with an NC Program..... 31
3.3.3 Transferring the Tool List from an NC Program..... 32
3.3.4 Tool Life Management..... 33
3.4 Setup Functions..... 34
3.4.1 Defining the Tool Change Position..... 34
3.4.2 Shifting the Workpiece Datum..... 35
3.4.3 Defining the protection zone..... 36
3.4.4 Setting up the Chucking Table..... 37
3.4.5 Setting up Machine Dimensions..... 38
3.4.6 Measuring Tools..... 39
II
Contents
3.5 Automatic Mode of Operation..... 41
3.5.1 Program Selection..... 41
3.5.2 Defining a Start Block..... 42
3.5.3 Program Sequence Modification..... 43
3.5.4 Compensation..... 44
3.5.5 Tool Life Management..... 45
3.5.6 Inspection Mode..... 46
3.5.7 Block Display..... 48
3.5.8 Graphic Display..... 49
3.5.9 Post-Process Measuring Status Display..... 51
3.6 Machine Display..... 52
3.7 Load Monitoring..... 54
3.7.1 Reference Machining..... 54
3.7.2 Production Using Load Monitoring..... 55
3.7.3 Editing Limit Values..... 56
3.7.4 Analyzing Reference Machining..... 57
3.7.5 Machining Using Load Monitoring..... 57
3.7.6 Load Monitoring Parameters..... 58
4 DIN PLUS..... 59
4.1 DIN Programming..... 60
4.1.1 Introduction..... 60
4.1.2 DIN PLUS Screen..... 61
4.1.3 Linear and Rotary Axes..... 62
4.1.4 Units of Measurement..... 63
4.1.5 Elements of the DIN Program..... 63
4.2 Programming Notes..... 65
4.2.1 Parallel Editing..... 65
4.2.2 Address Parameters..... 65
4.2.3 Contour Programming..... 66
4.2.4 Tool Programming..... 68
4.2.5 Fixed cycles..... 69
4.2.6 NC Subprograms..... 70
4.2.7 Template Control..... 70
4.2.8 NC Program Interpretation..... 70
4.3 The DIN PLUS Editor..... 71
4.3.1 Main Menu..... 72
4.3.2 Geometry Menu..... 75
4.3.3 Machining Menu..... 76
4.3.4 Block Menu..... 77
Contents
HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 4290
III
4.4 Program Section Codes..... 79
Contents
4.5 Geometry Commands..... 84
4.6 Machining Commands..... 110
4.7 Turning Cycles..... 122
4.8 Thread Cycles..... 140
4.9 Drilling cycles..... 143
4.10 C-Axis Machining..... 148
4.11 Milling Cycle Group..... 152
4.12 Special functions..... 159
4.4.1 PROGRAMMKOPF [PROGRAM HEAD]..... 79
4.4.2 TURRET..... 80
4.4.3 CHUCKING EQUIPMENT..... 82
4.4.4 Contour Definition..... 82
4.4.5 BEARBEITUNG [MACHINING]..... 83
4.4.6 UNTERPROGRAMM [SUBPROGRAM]..... 83
4.5.1 Definition of Blank..... 84
4.5.2 Basic Contour Elements..... 84
4.5.3 Contour Form Elements..... 86
4.5.4 Help Commands for Contour Definition..... 92
4.5.5 Contour Position..... 95
4.5.6 Front and Rear Face Contours..... 96
4.5.7 Lateral Surface Contours..... 102
4.5.8 Circular Pattern with Circular Slots..... 108
4.6.1 Assigning the Contour to the Operation..... 110
4.6.2 Tool Positioning without Machining..... 110
4.6.3 Simple Linear and Circular Movements..... 111
4.6.4 Feed Rate and Spindle Speed..... 113
4.6.5 Cutter Radius Compensation (TRC/MCRC)..... 115
4.6.6 Zero Point Shift..... 116
4.6.7 Oversizes, Safety Clearances..... 118
4.6.8 Tools, Types of Compensation..... 120
4.7.1 Contour-Based Turning Cycles..... 122
4.7.2 Simple Turning Cycles..... 134
4.10.1 General C-Axis Functions..... 148
4.10.2 Front/Rear Face Machining..... 149
4.10.3 Lateral Surface Machining..... 150
4.12.1 Chucking Equipment in Simulation..... 159
4.12.2 Slide Synchronization..... 160
4.12.3 Spindle Synchronization, Workpiece Transfer..... 161
4.12.4 Contour Follow-Up..... 164
4.12.5 In-Process Measuring..... 165
IV
Contents
4.12.6 Post-Process Measuring..... 166
4.12.7 Load Monitoring..... 167
4.13 Other G Functions..... 168
4.14 Data Input and Data Output..... 173
4.14.1 Input/Output of # Variables..... 173
4.14.2 Input/Output of V Variables..... 174
4.15 Programming Variables..... 175
4.15.1 # Variables..... 175
4.15.2 V Variables..... 177
4.15.3 Program Branches, Program Repeats, Conditional Block Execution..... 179
4.16 Subprograms..... 182
4.17 M Functions..... 183
4.18 Programming Notes and Examples..... 184
4.18.1 Programming Machining Cycles..... 184
4.18.2 Contour Repetitions..... 184
4.18.3 Full-Surface Machining..... 187
5 Graphic Simulation..... 195
5.1 Simulation Mode of Operation..... 196
5.1.1 Graphic Elements, Displays..... 197
5.1.2 Basics of Operation..... 200
5.2 Main Menu..... 201
5.3 Contour Simulation..... 203
5.3.1 Contour-Simulation Functions..... 203
5.3.2 Dimensioning..... 204
5.4 Machining Simulation..... 205
5.5 Motion Simulation..... 207
5.6 Zoom Function..... 208
5.7 3-D View..... 209
5.8 Checking the
5.9 Time Calculation..... 212
5.10 Synchronous Point Analysis..... 213
6 TURN PLUS..... 215
6.1 TURN PLUS Mode of Operation..... 216
6.2 Program Management..... 217
6.2.1 TURN PLUS Files..... 217
6.2.2 Program Head..... 218
6.3 Workpiece Description..... 219
6.3.1 Entering the Contour of a Blank Part..... 219
6.3.2 Input of the Finished Part Contour..... 220
6.3.3 Superimposing form elements..... 221
6.3.4 Integrating a Contour Train..... 222
Contents
HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 4290
V
Contents
6.4 Contours of Workpiece Blanks..... 228
6.5 Contour of Finished Part..... 229
6.6 C-Axis Contours..... 242
6.7 Manipulating Contours..... 256
6.8 Importing DXF Contours..... 263
6.9 Assigning attributes..... 267
6.10 User Aids..... 273
6.11 Preparing a Machining Process..... 277
6.3.5 Entering Contours Machined with the C Axis..... 223
6.3.6 Basics of Operation..... 225
6.3.7 Help Functions for Element Definition..... 226
6.5.1 Basic Contour Elements..... 229
6.5.2 Form elements..... 232
6.5.3 Overlay Elements..... 239
6.6.1 Contours on the Front and Rear Face..... 242
6.6.2 Contours of the Lateral Surface..... 249
6.7.1 Editing the Contours of a Blank Part..... 256
6.7.2 Trimming..... 256
6.7.3 Change..... 258
6.7.4 Deleting..... 259
6.7.5 Inserting..... 260
6.7.6 Transformations..... 261
6.7.7 Connect..... 262
6.7.8 Resolve..... 262
6.8.1 Fundamentals..... 263
6.8.2 Configuring the DXF Import..... 264
6.8.3 DXF-Import..... 266
6.8.4 Transferring and Organizing DXF Files..... 266
6.9.1 Attributes for Workpiece Blanks..... 267
6.9.2 Oversize..... 267
6.9.3 Feed rate/peak-to-valley height..... 267
6.9.4 Precision stop..... 268
6.9.5 Separation Points..... 268
6.9.6 Machining Attributes..... 269
6.10.1 Calculator..... 273
6.10.2 Digitizing..... 274
6.10.3 Inspector – Checking Contour Elements..... 274
6.10.4 Unresolved Contour Elements..... 275
6.10.5 Error Messages..... 276
6.11.1 Chucking a Workpiece..... 277
6.11.2 Setting Up a Tool List..... 284
VI
Contents
6.12 Interactive Working Plan Generation (IWG)..... 286
6.12.1 Tool call..... 287
6.12.2 Cutting Data..... 288
6.12.3 Cycle specification..... 288
6.12.4 Roughing..... 289
6.12.5 Recessing..... 294
6.12.6 Drilling..... 299
6.12.7 Finishing..... 301
6.12.8 Thread Machining(G31)..... 306
6.12.9 Milling..... 307
6.12.10 Special Machining Tasks (SM)..... 309
6.13 Automatic Working Plan Generation (AWG)..... 310
6.13.1 Generating a Machining Plan..... 310
6.13.2 Machining Sequence..... 311
6.14 Control Graphics..... 321
6.15 Configuration..... 322
6.16 Machining Information..... 324
6.16.1 Tool Selection, Turret Assignment..... 324
6.16.2 Cutting Parameters..... 325
6.16.3 Coolant..... 325
6.16.4 Hollowing..... 326
6.16.5 Inside Contours..... 326
6.16.6 Drilling..... 328
6.16.7 Full-Surface Machining..... 328
6.16.9 Shaft Machining..... 330
6.17 Example..... 332
7 Parameters..... 337
7.1 Parameter Mode of Operation..... 338
7.1.1 Parameters..... 338
7.1.2 Editing Parameters..... 339
7.2 Machine Parameters..... 341
7.3 Control Parameters..... 348
7.4 Set-Up Parameters..... 355
7.5 Machining Parameters..... 357
Contents
HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 4290
VII
8 Operating Resources..... 371
8.1 Tool Database..... 372
8.1.1 Tool Editor..... 372
Contents
9 Service and Diagnosis..... 401
10 Transfer..... 411
11 Tables and overviews..... 425
8.1.2 Tool Types (Overview)..... 375
8.1.3 Tool Parameters..... 377
8.1.4 Multipoint Tools, Tool Life Monitoring..... 384
8.1.5 Explanation of Tool Data..... 385
8.1.6 Tool Holder, Mounting Position..... 387
8.2 Chucking Equipment Database..... 390
8.2.1 Chucking Equipment Editor..... 390
8.2.2 Chucking Equipment Data..... 392
8.3 Technology Database (Cutting Values)..... 399
9.1 Service Mode of Operation..... 402
9.2 Service Functions..... 402
9.2.1 Access Authorization..... 402
9.2.2 System Service..... 403
9.2.3 Fixed-Word Lists..... 404
9.3 Maintenance System..... 405
9.4 Diagnosis..... 408
10.1 The Transfer Mode of Operation..... 412
10.2 Transfer Systems..... 413
10.2.1 General Information..... 413
10.2.2 Configuring for Data Transfer..... 414
10.3 Data Transfer..... 417
10.3.1 Enabling, Data Types..... 417
10.3.2 Transmitting and Receiving Files..... 418
10.4 Parameters and Operating Resources..... 420
10.4.1 Converting Parameters and Operating Resources..... 420
10.4.2 Saving Parameters and Operating Resources..... 422
10.5 File Organization..... 423
11.1 Undercut and Thread Parameters..... 426
11.1.1 Undercut DIN 76, Parameters..... 426
11.1.2 Undercut DIN 509 E, Parameters..... 427
11.1.3 Undercut DIN 509 F, Parameters..... 427
11.1.4 Thread Parameters..... 428
11.1.5 Thread Pitch..... 429
11.2 Technical Information..... 433
11.3 Peripheral Interfaces..... 437
VIII
Contents
1
Introduction and Fundamentals
1.1 The CNC PILOT
The CNC PILOT is a contouring control designed for
lathes and turning centers. In addition to turning
operations, you can perform milling and drilling
operations with the C-axis or the Y-axis. The CNC PILOT supports parallel machining of up to 4
workpieces in programming, testing and production.
Full-surface machining is supported on lathes with:
■ Rotating gripper
■ Movable opposing spindle
■ Multiple spindles, slides and tool carriers
1.1 The CNC PILOT
The CNC PILOT controls up to 6 slides, 4 spindles and
2 C axes.
Programming
Depending on the type and complexity of the parts to
be machined and your organization, you can choose
the type of programming best suited to your tasks.
In TURN PLUS you describe the contour of the blank
and finished part with interactive graphics. Then you
call the automatic working plan generation (AWG),
and the NC program will be generated fully
automatically at a keystroke. Alternately, you can
choose the interactive working plan generation (IWG).
When using the IWG, you determine the sequence of
machining and other technical details.
Every working step is shown in the control graphics
and can be corrected immediately. The result of program creation with TURN PLUS is a structured DIN
PLUS program.
TURN PLUS minimizes the number of entries
required, but it requires that the the tool data and
cutting data has already been entered.
If TURN PLUS fails to create the optimal NC program
for technologically sophisticated machining
operations, or if you primarily want to reduce the
machining time, program the NC program in DIN
PLUS.
DIN PLUS supports the separation of the geometric
description from the machining of the workpiece.
Powerful cycles are available for programming in DIN
PLUS. The ”simple geometry programming” function
calculates coordinates if the dimensions used in the
drawing are not suitable for NC programs.
Alternately, you can machine your workpiece in DIN
PLUS with linear and circular movements and simple
turning cycles, as you are accustomed to in
conventional DIN programming.
Both TURN PLUS and DIN PLUS support machining with the C-axis or
Y-axis and full-surface machining.
The Graphic Simulation feature enables you to subject your NC
programs to a realistic test. The CNC PILOT displays the machining of
up to 4 workpieces in the working space. Workpiece blanks and
finished parts, chucking equipment and tools are shown to scale.
You can program your NC programs and test them -even during
machining operations- directly on the machine.
Regardless of whether you are machining a simple or complex part,
producing a single part or a series of parts, or a whole batch on a
turning center, the CNC PILOT always gives you optimum support.
1 Introduction and Fundamentals2
The C-axis
With a C-axis you can drill and mill a workpiece on its
front, back and lateral surfaces.
During use of the C-axis, one axis interpolates linearly
or circularly with the spindle in the given working plane, while the third axis interpolates linearly.
The CNC PILOT supports part program creation with
the C-axis in:
■ DIN PLUS
■ TURN PLUS contour definition
■ TURN PLUS working plan generation
TheY-axis
With a Y-axis you can drill and mill a workpiece on its
front, back and lateral surfaces.
During use of the Y-axis, two axes interpolate linearly
or circularly in the given working plane, while the third
axis interpolates linearly. This enables you to machine
slots or pockets, for example, with plane floors and
perpendicular edges. By defining the spindle angle,
you can determine the position of the milling contour
on the workpiece.
The CNC PILOT supports part program creation with
the Y-axis in:
■ DIN PLUS
■ TURN PLUS contour definition
■ TURN PLUS working plan generation
1.1 The CNC PILOT
3HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 4290
Full-surface machining
The CNC PILOT supports full-surface machining for all
common machine designs. The features include anglesynchronous part transfer with rotating spindle,
traversing to a stop, controlled parting, and coordinate
transformation. This ensures efficient full-surface
machining and simple programming.
The CNC PILOT supports full surface machining in:
■ DIN PLUS
■ TURN PLUS contour definition
■ TURN PLUS working plan generation
1.1 The CNC PILOT
1 Introduction and Fundamentals4
1.2 The Operating Modes
The functions of the CNC PILOT are grouped into the following
operating modes:
Manual operating mode
In the Manual mode you set up the machine and move the
axes manually.
Automatic mode
The NC programs are run in Automatic mode. You control and
monitor the machining of the workpiece.
DIN PLUS programming mode
In ”DIN PLUS,” you can create structured NC programs. You
first define the geometry of the blank and finished part, and
then program the individual operations.
Simulation programming mode
The Simulation mode shows a graphic representation of
programmed contours, the paths of traverse and cutting
operations.The working space, tools and chucking equipment
are shown true to scale.
During simulation, the CNC PILOT calculates the machining
and idle-machine times for every tool. For lathes with several
slides, the Synchronous point analysis enables you to
optimize your NC program.
TURN PLUS programming mode
In ”TURN PLUS” you describe the contour of the workpiece
using interactive graphics. For Automatic Working plan Generation (AWG), you select the material and chucking equipment.
The CNC PILOT will generate the NC program automatically at
a keystroke. As an alternative, you can create the working
plan with the aid of interactive graphics (IAG).
Parameter organization mode
The system behavior of the CNC PILOT is controlled with
parameters. In this mode, you set the parameters to adapt the
control to your situation.
In addition, in this mode you describe the operating resources
(tools and chucking equipment) and the cutting values.
Service organization mode
In ”Service” mode, you log on for password-protected
functions, select the conversational language and make the
system settings. This operating mode also provides diagnostic
functions for commissioning and checking the system.
Transfer organization mode
In ”Transfer” you exchange the files with other systems,
organize your programs and make data backups.
The actual control is not accessible to the machinist.
You should know, however, that your CNC PILOT has
an integrated hard disk on which all TURN PLUS and
DIN PLUS programs that you enter are stored. This
allows you to save a vast number of programs.
For data exchange and data backup, you can use the
Ethernet interface. Data exchange is also possible
over the serial interface. (RS232).
1.2 Modes of Operation
5HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 4290
1.3 Expansion Stages (Options)
The machine manufacturer configures the CNC PILOT according to
the capabilities of the specific lathe. The following upgrades (options)
are available, which enable you to adapt the control to your specific
requirements:
■ TURN PLUS
Graphically supported interactive contour definition
■ Graphic description of the workpiece for blank and finished part
■ Geometry-programming function for calculating and displaying
missing contour data
■ Simple input of standard form elements like chamfers, rounding
arcs, recesses, undercuts, threads, fits, etc.
■ Easy-to-use transformations like shifting, rotating, mirroring or
multiplying
DIN PLUS program generation with interactive graphics
■ Selection of the appropriate machining method
■ Selection of the tools and definition of the cutting data
Expansion Stages (Options)
■ Direct graphic control of machining process
■ Immediate compensation possibility
Automatic DIN PLUS program generation
■ Automatic selection of tools
■ Automatic generation of working plan
■ TURN PLUS – extension by C-axis or Y-axis
■ C-axis: representation of programmed contour in the following
views: XC plane (front/rear end) and ZC plane (unrolled surface)
■ Y-axis: representation of programmed contour in the following
views: XY plane (front/rear end) YZ plane (side view)
■ Hole and figure patterns
■ Fixed cycles
■ Interactive or automatic working plan generation – also for
machining with the C-axis or Y-axis
■ TURN PLUS – extension by opposing spindle
■ Rechucking with expert program
■ Interactive or automatic generation of working plan – also for
rechucking and 2nd setup
■ In-process measuring
■ With triggering probe
■ For measuring tools
■ For measuring workpieces
■ Post-process measuring
■ Connection of measuring system via RS-232 interface
■ Evaluation of measuring results in Automatic mode
This operating manual describes all
options.The operating sequences
described in this manual may therefore
deviate from those on your machine
whenever a certain option is not supported
by your system.
Options can usually be retrofitted. Your machine manufacturer can
give you more information on retrofitting.
1 Introduction and Fundamentals6
1.4 Fundamentals
Axis designations
The cross slide is referred to as the X-axis and the saddle as the Z-
axis.
All X-axis values that are displayed or entered are regarded as
diameters. In TURN PLUS you can define whether the X-axis values
are to be interpreted as diameters or radii.
Lathes with Y-axis: The Y-axis is perpendicular to the X-axis and Z-axis
(Cartesian system).
When programming paths of traverse, remember to:
■ Program a positive value to depart the workpiece.
■ Program a negative value to approach the workpiece.
Coordinate system
The coordinates entered for the principal axes X, Y and Z are
referenced to the workpiece zero point – exceptions to this rule will be
indicated.
Angles entered for the C-axis are referenced to the ”zero point of the
C-axis” (precondition: the C-axis has been configured as a principal
axis).
1.4 Fundamentals
Absolute coordinates
If the coordinates of a position are referenced to the workpiece zero
point, they are referred to as absolute coordinates. Each position on a
workpiece is clearly defined by its absolute coordinates.
7HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 4290
Incremental coordinates
Incremental coordinates are always referenced to the last
programmed position. They specify the distance from the last active
position and the subsequent position. Each position on a workpiece is
clearly defined by its incremental coordinates.
1.4 Fundamentals
Polar coordinates
Positions located on the face or lateral surface can either be entered
in Cartesian coordinates or polar coordinates.
When programming with polar coordinates, a position on the
workpiece is clearly defined by the entries for diameter and angle.
You can enter polar coordinates as absolute or incremental values.
Units of measurement
You can program and operate the CNC PILOT either in the metric or
inch system. The units of measurement listed in the table below apply
to all inputs and displays.
Measure Metric inch
Coordinates mm inch
Lengths mm inch
Angles Degrees Degrees
Spindle speed rpm rpm
Cutting speed m/min ft/min
Feed per revolution mm/rev inch/rev
Feed per minute mm/min inch/min
Acceleration m/s
2
ft/s
2
1 Introduction and Fundamentals8
Machine reference points
Machine zero point
The point of intersection of the X-axis with the Z-axis is called the
machine zero point. On a lathe, the machine zero point is usually the
point of intersection of the spindle axis and the spindle surface. The
machine zero point is designated with the letter M.
Workpiece zero point
For machining a workpiece, it is easier to reference all input data to a
zero point located on the workpiece. By programming the zero point
used in the workpiece drawing, you can take the dimensions directly
from the drawing, without further calculation. This point is the
”workpiece zero point.” The workpiece zero point is designated with
the letter W.
Reference marks
Whether the control ”forgets” the positions of the machine axes
when it is switched off depends on the position encoders used. If the
positions are lost, you must pass over the fixed reference points after
switching on the CNC PILOT. The system knows the distances of the
reference points to the machine datum.
1.4 Fundamentals
9HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 4290
1.5 Tool Dimensions
The CNC PILOT requires information on the specific tools for a variety
of tasks, such as calculating the cutting radius compensation or the
proportioning of cuts.
Tool length
All position values that are programmed and displayed are referenced
to the distance between the tool tip and workpiece zero point. Since
the control only knows the absolute position of the tool carrier (slide),
it needs the dimensions XE and ZE to calculate and display the
position of the tool tip. For milling and drilling tools operating with the Yaxis, the CNC PILOT additionally needs the dimension in Y.
1.5 Tool Dimensions
Tool compensation
The tool tip is subjected to wear during machining processes. To
compensate for this wear, the CNC PILOT uses compensation values.
The system automatically adds the compensation values to the
values for length.
Tooth and cutter radius compensation (TRC)
The tip of a lathe tool has a certain radius. When machining tapers,
chamfers and radii, this results in inaccuracies which the CNC PILOT
compensates with its cutting radius compensation function.
Programmed paths of traverse are referenced to the theoretical tool
tip S. The TRC function compensates for this error by calculating a
new path of traverse, the equidistant line.
Milling cutter radius compensation (MRC)
In milling operations, the outside diameter of the milling cutter
determines the contour. When the MRC function is not active, the
system defines the center of the cutter as reference point for the
paths of traverse. The MRC function compensates for this error by
calculating a new path of traverse, the equidistant line.
1 Introduction and Fundamentals10
Basics of Operation
2
2.1 User Interface
1
2.1.1 Screen Displays
1 Operating mode line
Show the status of the operating modes.
■ The active mode of operation is shown with a
dark-gray background.
■ Programming and organization modes:
– The selected mode is shown at the right of the
symbol
2.1 User Interface
– Additional information such as the selected program, submode, etc. are shown below the
operating mode symbol.
2 Menu bar and pull-down menus
For function selection
3 Working window
Size and content depend on the operating mode.
Some programming and organization modes
overlap the machine display.
4 Machine display
Current status of the machine (tool position, the
cycle and spindle situation, active tool, etc.). The
machine display is configurable.
5 Status line
■ Simulation, TURN PLUS: display of current
settings or information on the next operating steps
■ Other operating modes: display of the last error
message
6 Calendar date and service ”traffic light”
■ Display of date and time
■ A color background signals a error or a PLC
message
■ The ”service traffic light” shows the servicing
state of the machine (see ”
system”)
7 Soft-key row
Shows the current meaning of the soft keys.
8 Vertical soft-key row
Shows the current meaning of the soft keys. For
more information: see the machine manual
9.3
Maintenance
2
3
4
5
7
8
6
2 Basics of Operation12
2.1.2 Controls and Displays
n
Screen with
■ Horizontal and vertical soft keys: The meaning is
shown above or next to the soft keys
Additional keys (same function as on the operating
panel):
■ ESC
■ INS
n
Operating panel with
■ Alphanumeric keyboard with integrated
numeric keypad
■ Keys for Operating mode selection
■ Touch pad: For cursor positioning (menu or soft
key selection, selection from lists, selecting edit
boxes, etc.)
n
Machine operating panel with
■ Operating elements for the manual and
automatic operation of the lathe (cycle keys,
manual direction keys, etc.)
■ Handwheel for exact positioning in manual
operation
■ Override button for feed-rate override
Operation of the touch pad
Normally, you can use the touch pad as an alternative
to the cursor keys. In the following, the keys below
the touch pad are referred to as the left and right
mouse keys.
The functions and operation of the touch pad are
similar to the mouse operation of the Windows
operating systems.
■ Single click of the left mouse key or single touch on
the touch pad:
■ The cursor is positioned in lists or input windows.
■ Menu items, soft keys or buttons are activated
■ Double-click of the left mouse key or double touch
on the touch pad: In lists, the selected element is
activated (the input window is activated)
■ Single-click with the right mouse key:
■ Same function as the ESC key – prerequisite: the
ESC key is allowed in this situation (for example to
go back by one menu level)
■ Same function as the left mouse key when
selection soft keys or buttons
2.1 User Interface
13HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 4290
2.1.3 Selection of Operating Modes
You can switch the operating mode at any time. After the change, the
new mode starts in the function in which it was last exited.
In the programming and organization modes a difference is made
between the following situations:
■ No operating mode is selected (no entry next to the operating mode
symbol): Select the desired mode from the menu.
■ Operating mode selected (indicated next to the operating mode
symbol): The functions of this operating mode are available. Within
2.1 User Interface
the programming or organization modes, you can switch the modes
by soft key or by repeatedly pressing the corresponding mode key.
2.1.4 Selection of Functions, Data Input
Menu bar and pull-down menu
The individual menu items are preceded by a 9-field symbol with one
field highlighted. This field represents the field on the numeric keypad.
Press the key whose position corresponds to the position of the
highlighted field.
The function selection begins in the menu row, then goes to the pulldown menus. In the pull-down menu, press again the numeric key
assigned to the menu item – or alternatively, select the menu item
with touch pad or with the ”page up/page down” keys and press
Enter.
Soft-key row
The meaning of the soft keys is dependent on the current operating
situation.
Some soft keys work like ”toggle switches”. A function is active when
the associated field in the function-key row is highlighted in color. The
setting remains in effect until the function is switched off.
Keys for operating mode selection:
Manual operating mode
Automatic operating mode
Programming modes
Organization modes
List Operations
DIN PLUS programs, tool lists, parameter lists, etc. are displayed as
lists. You can scroll through a list with the touch pad or arrow keys to
check data, to select the position where you wish to enter data, or to
highlight items for operations like deleting, copying, editing, etc.
After having selected the desired list position or a list item, press the
ENTER, INS, ALT or DEL key to execute the operation.
Continued
2 Basics of Operation14
Data Input
Data are entered and edited in input windows. An
input window consists of severalinput fields. You
position the cursor with the touch pad or with the
page up/page down keys to the input box.
Once the cursor is located in the box, you can enter
your data. Existing data are overwritten. With the
right/left arrow keys you can place the cursor on a
position within the input box in order to delete or add
characters. The up/down arrow keys or Enter confirm
and terminate the entry.
Some dialogs have more input fields than a window
can show. In these cases, more than one input
window appears on the screen, one superimposed on
the other. You will recognize this through the window
number in the top line. To toggle between input
windows, use the Page Up/Page Dn keys.
By pressing the ”OK” button, you confirm the data
entered or edited. Independent of the position of the
cursor, you can press the INS key as an alternative. If
you leave the input window by pressing the ”Cancel”
button or the ESC key, entries or changes will be lost.
If the dialog consists of more than one input window,
you already confirm the data when pressing the
PageUp/PageDn key.
Buttons
The CNC PILOT allows you to choose various options
via different buttons such as the ”OK” and ”Cancel”
buttons for terminating a dialog box or the buttons
contained in the ”Extended inputs” window.
Select the required button and press ENTER.
Note: Instead of selecting the ”OK” or ”Cancel”
button, you can press the INS or ESC key.
2.1 User Interface
15HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 4290
2.2 The Info System
The info system calls excerpts from the User's Manual to the screen. The system is structured in info
topics comparable to the chapters of a book. In the
top line of the information window, the topic you
selected and the page number are shown.
The info system gives you information on the current
operating situation (context-sensitive help). Also, you
can select the info topics through the table of
contents or the subject index. Simply select the
desired topic or word and click ”Topic select” (or
2.2 The Info System
Enter).
Cross references in the text are highlighted. Place
the cursor on the desired cross reference and call the
topic with ”Topic select.” ”Topic return” switches
back to the previous topic.
Error display
When an error message occurs, press the info key, or
place the cursor on the error message in the ”display
of errors” and then press the info key, to get further
information on the respective error.
Call the info system
End the info system
Soft keys
Calls the
■ Selected cross reference
■ Topic from the table of contents
■ Topic from the subject index
Returns to the most recent info topic
Calls the table of contents with the overview of info
topics. The table of contents is arranged in several
levels.
Calls the subject index
Switches to the previous topic.
Switches to the next topic.
(or page up key) previous info page
(or page down key) next info page
2 Basics of Operation16
2.3 The Error System
2.3.1 Direct Error Messages
Direct error messages appear whenever immediate
error correction is possible. Confirm the message by
pressing ENTER and correct the error. Example: The
input value of the parameter is out of range.
Information of the error message:
■ Error description: Explains the error
■ Error number: For service inquiries
■ Time of day When the error occurred (for your
information).
Symbols
Warning
The program run/operation continues. The
CNC PILOT indicates the problem.
Error
The program run/operation is stopped. Yo u
must correct the error before you can
continue the current job.
2.3.2 Error Display, PLC Display
Error Display
If during the system start or during program run or
other operation an error occurs, it is indicated in the
date box, displayed in the status line, and saved in
the error display.
The date and time remain highlighted in red until all of
the errors have been canceled.
Notes on using TURN PLUS:
Opens the ”error display”
2.3 The Error System
Further information on the error marked with
the cursor
Exits the error display
Deletes the error message marked with the
cursor
Deletes all error messages.
Continued
17HEIDENHAIN CNC PILOT 4290
Information of the error message:
■ Error description: Explains the error
■ Error number: For service inquiries
■ Channel number: Slide for which the error
occurred.
■ Time of day When the error occurred (for your
information).
■ Error class (only with errors):
■ Background: The message serves for
information only, or it is a minor error.
■ Cancel: The running process (cycle run, traverse
command, etc.) was aborted. You can resume
2.3 The Error System
operation once the error has been cleared.
■ Emergency stop: Traverse and the execution of
the DIN program were stopped. You can resume
operation once the error has been cleared.
■ Reset: Traverse and the execution of the DIN pro-
gram were stopped. Switch off the control for a
moment, then restart. Contact your machine
manufacturer if the error occurs again.
System Error, Internal Error
If a system error or internal error occurs, write
down all information on the displayed message and
inform your machine manufacturer. You cannot
correct an internal error. Switch off the control and
restart.
Warnings during Simulation
In the event of problems during simulation of an NC
program, the CNC PILOT displays a warning in the
5.1.2
status line (see ”
Notes on Operation”).
PLC display
The PLC window is used for PLC messages and the
PLC diagnosis. Your machine manual provides more
detailed information on the PLC window.
To call the PLC window, open the error window with
the Error status key and then press ”PLC Diagnosis”
soft key.
To exit the PLC status display, press the ESC key; to
switch to the error window, use the ”CNC Diagnosis”
soft key.
Soft keys
Switch to PLC display
Deletes all error messages
Return to error display
2 Basics of Operation18
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