Furuno FR-1500 MARK-3 User Manual
15" MULTI-COLOR HIGH-PERFORMANCE
Back
SHIPBORNE RADAR AND ARPA
FR-1500 MARK-3 SERIES
Thepaperusedinthismanual
9-52 Ashihara-cho,9-52 Ashihara-cho,
A
A
*
0
*
0
*
0
*
0
*
O
*
O
*
O
*
O
Nishinomiya 662-8580, JAPANNishinomiya 662-8580, JAPAN
Telephone :Telephone : 0798-65-21110798-65-2111
FaxFax 0798-65-42000798-65-4200
ll rights reserved.
ll rights reserved.
(( TATATATA ))
::
Pub. No.Pub. No. OME-34500OME-34500
FR-1500 MARK-3 SER.FR-1500 MARK-3 SER.
Printed in JapanPrinted in Japan
Your Local Agent/Dealer Your Local Agent/Dealer
IRST EDITION :
IRST EDITION :OCTOCT.. 19981998
V7V7 :: APRAPR.. 21, 200521, 2005
0080840401*
0080840401*
0080840401*
0080840401*
* 0 0 0 8 0 8 4 0 4 0 1 ** 0 0 0 8 0 8 4 0 4 0 1 *
iselementalchlorinefree.
ME34500V70*
ME34500V70*
ME34500V70*
ME34500V70*
* O M E 3 4 5 0 0 V 7 0 ** O M E 3 4 5 0 0 V 7 0 *
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
DANGER
Before turning on the radar/ARPA, make sure that there is not one near the
antenna unit. Serious injury or even death may result if a rotating antenna strikes
someone standing nearby.
WARNING
Radio frequency Radiation Hazard
The radar antenna emits electromagnetic radio frequency (RF) energy, which can
be harmful, particularly to your eyes. Never look directly into the antenna aperture
from a close distance while the radar is in operation or expose yourself to the
transmitting antenna at a close distance.
SOFTWARE PROGRAM NO.
Model Software (Prog No.) Date
0359152109 March 00
FR-1500 MARK-3
ATA
RP-17 0359155103 March 00
0359152110 Dec. 01
0359152111 June 04
1859041102 June 99
1859042101 June 99
RP-180
0359219-01
0359220-01
June 04
i
For your safety:
WARNING
Do not open the equipment
Hazardous voltage which can cause electrical shock exists inside the equipment.
Only qualified personnel should work inside the equipment.
Turn off the radar power switch before servicing the antenna unit. Post a
warning sign near the switch indicating it should not be turned on while the
antaean unit is being serviced.
Prevent the potential risk of being struck by the rotating antenna and exposure to
RF radiation hazard.
Wear a safety belt and hard hat when working on the antenna unit.
Severe injury or death can result if someone falls from the radar antenna mast.
Do not disassemble or modify the equipment.
Fire, electrical shock or serious injury can result.
Turn off the power immediately if water leaks into the equipment or the
equipment is emitting smoke or fire.
Continued use of the equipment can cause fire or electrical shock.
WARNING
Do not place liquid-filled containers on the top of the equipment.
Fire or electrical shock can result if a liquid spills into the equipment.
Do not operate the equipment with wet hands.
Electrical shock can result.
Keep heater away from equipment
Heat can alter equipment shape and melt the power cord, which can cause fire or
electrical shock.
CAUTION
Do not use the equipment for other than its intended purpose.
Use of the equipment as a stepping stool, for example, can result in personal
injury or equipment damage.
Replace the monitor when the picture becomes difficult to see.
The average life of the monitor screen is about 10 years. Replace it when the
picture becomes difficult to see.
A warning label is attached to the equipment. Do not remove the label. If the
label becomes soiled or illegible, contact a Furuno agent or dealer.
No one navigation device should be solely relied on for navigation of a ship.
Always confirm position against all available aids to navigation, for safety of ship
and crew.
ii
Compliance with MED and R&TT E Directive
This radar compiles with MED 96/98/EC and its amendment 2002/75/EC of September 2, 2002
and also complies with the R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EC. In accordance with Article 6-3 of the
above-mentioned R&TTE directive, FURUNO intends to put this radar on the market of the
following countries in EU as well other markets.
Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, The Netherlands, United
Kingdom, Iceland, Norway
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................................................................vi
Specificati on s of FR-1500 M ark- 3 S eries shipborne radar.......................................................................ix
1 OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW................................................................................................................1.1
1.1 Turning on the Power ...........................................................................................................................1
1.2 Transmitter ON.....................................................................................................................................1
1.3 Control Description...............................................................................................................................2
1.4 CRT Brilliance ......................................................................................................................................3
1.5 Control Panel Backlighting....................................................................................................................3
1.6 Tuning the Receiver..............................................................................................................................3
1.7 Degaussing the Screen ........................................................................................................................4
1.8 Initializing the Compass Readout..........................................................................................................4
1.9 Entering Own Ship’s Speed ..................................................................................................................5
1.10 On-screen Legends and Markers........................................................................................................6
1.11 Presentation Modes............................................................................................................................7
1.12 Selecting the Range Scale................................................................................................................10
1.13 Selecting the Pulselength .................................................................................................................10
1.14 Adjusting the Sensitivity....................................................................................................................11
1.15 Suppressing Sea Clutter ...................................................................................................................11
1.16 Suppressing Precipitation Clutter ......................................................................................................12
1.17 Interference Rejector ........................................................................................................................12
1.18 Measuring the Range .......................................................................................................................13
1.19 Measuring Bearing............................................................................................................................14
1.20 Collision Assessment by the Offset EBL ...........................................................................................14
1.21 Measuring Range and Bearing Between Two Targets.......................................................................16
1.22 Setting a Target Alarm Zone.............................................................................................................17
1.23 Off-centering (shift)...........................................................................................................................18
1.24 Echo Averaging................................................................................................................................19
1.25 Electronic Plotting Aid (EPA).............................................................................................................21
1.26 Target Trails (Echo Trails).................................................................................................................24
1.27 Parallel Index Lines ..........................................................................................................................27
1.28 Reference Mark (not available with Video Plotter RP-17 or RP-180)..................................................27
1.29 Zoom (R-type only)...........................................................................................................................28
1.30 Markers............................................................................................................................................29
1.31 Suppressing Second-trace Echoes ...................................................................................................30
1.32 [F1] Key............................................................................................................................................30
1.33 [F2] Key............................................................................................................................................31
1.34 FUNCTION Key................................................................................................................................32
1.35 Adjusting Brilliance of Screen Data ...................................................................................................34
1.36 Echo Stretch, Contrast, Enhanced Video ..........................................................................................35
1.37 Watch Timer.....................................................................................................................................36
1.38 Noise Rejector..................................................................................................................................37
1.39 Navigation Data................................................................................................................................37
1.40 Alarm Output (R-type only) ...............................................................................................................37
1.41 Outputting Target Position (R-type only) ...........................................................................................37
1.42 Degaussing Interval ..........................................................................................................................38
1.43 Background Color.............................................................................................................................38
1.44 Clutter Sweep...................................................................................................................................38
1.45 Day, Night Brilliance .........................................................................................................................39
1.46 Contrast............................................................................................................................................39
1.47 Radar Map (RP-17 or RP-180 required)............................................................................................40
1.48 Alarms..............................................................................................................................................44
1.49 Enlarging Close-in Targets (R-type only)...........................................................................................46
1.50 A/D Converter Curve Setting (R-type only)........................................................................................46
1.51 Echo Area (R-type only)....................................................................................................................47
iv
1.52 Real Time Heading Up (R-type only).................................................................................................47
2 OPERATION OF AUTOMATIC TRACKING AID (ATA) ARP-17..........................................................2.1
2.1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................1
2.2 Criteria of Tracking ...............................................................................................................................2
2.3 Activating, Deactivating the ATA...........................................................................................................4
2.4 Entering Own Ship’s Speed ................................................................................................................5
2.5 Acquiring Targets .................................................................................................................................6
2.6 Terminating Tracking of Targets ...........................................................................................................8
2.7 Vectors True or Relative.......................................................................................................................9
2.8 Displaying Target Data .........................................................................................................................9
2.9 Past Position Display..........................................................................................................................10
2.10 Set and Drift .....................................................................................................................................10
2.11 Alarms..............................................................................................................................................11
2.12 Track Test (Simulation Display) ........................................................................................................13
2.13 Outputting Target Data .....................................................................................................................13
2.14 Diagnostic Sequence........................................................................................................................14
2.15 Factors Affecting ARPA Functions ....................................................................................................15
3 RADAR OBSERVATION......................................................................................................................3.1
3.1 General ................................................................................................................................................1
3.2 False Echoes........................................................................................................................................2
3.3 SART (Search and Rescue Transponder).............................................................................................4
3.4 RACON (Radar Beacon).......................................................................................................................6
4 OPERATION OF VIDEO PLOTTER RP-17 (OPTION).......................................................................... 4.1
5 MAINTENANCE...................................................................................................................................5.1
5.1 Periodic Maintenance Schedule............................................................................................................1
5.2 Life Expectancy of Major Parts .............................................................................................................2
5.3 Replacement of Batteries......................................................................................................................2
6 TROUBLESHOOTING.........................................................................................................................6.1
6.1 Easy Troubleshooting...........................................................................................................................1
6.2 Advanced-level Troubleshooting...........................................................................................................2
6.3 Diagnostic Test.....................................................................................................................................6
6.4 Menu Hierarchy....................................................................................................................................8
7 OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT.....................................................................................................................7.1
7.1 Performance Monitor (Option)...............................................................................................................1
8 DIGITAL INTERFACE (IEC 61162-1 E di t ion 1 and 2))........................................................................8.1
Description of Sentences......................................................................................................................3
9 PARTS LOCATION and PARTS LIST.................................................................................................9.1
9.1 ANTENNA UNIT, SCANNER OUTLINE and RF MODULE....................................................................1
9.2 Circuit diagrams....................................................................................................................................5
9.3 Parts list ...............................................................................................................................................8
Declaration o f conformity to type
v
INTRODUCTION
Word to the Owner of FURUNO Radar
Thank you for purchasing this FURUNO radar. We are confident you will discover why FURUNO
has become synonymous with quality and reliability.
Dedicated in the design and manufacture of marine electronics equipment for half a century,
FURUNO Electric Company has gained an unrivaled reputation as a world leader in the industry.
This is the result of our technical excellence as well as our worldwide distribution and service
network.
Please carefully read and follow the safety information and operating and maintenance instructions
set forth in this manual before attempting to operate the equipment and conduct any maintenance.
Your radar set will perform to the utmost of its ability only if it is operated and maintained in
accordance with the correct procedures.
Features of Thi s Serie s of Radars
• Daylight-bright rasterscan 15-inch multi-color, high-resolution display
• New microprocessing technology with high-speed high-density gate array and software
expertise
• New cast aluminum scanner gearbox and new series of radiators
• Easy operation by combination of discrete keys, rotary controls, and menu operation, all
logically arranged and configured
• Electronic Plotting Aid (EPA) fitted standard, Automatic Tracking Aid (ATA) option exceeding
IMO and IEC standards
• Reliable CPA and TCPA warning in any plotting mode, accurate target data
• Stand-alone or integrated configuration
• Meets the current and future IMO and IEC standards as a shipborne radar. New radar standard
MSC.64(67) Annex 4 must be met for new installation on and after January 1, 1999
FR-1500 Mark-3 Series of Radars
This Series of FURUNO radars are designed to meet various customers’ needs and the exacting
requirements of international and national standards and regulations including:
- IMO A.477(XII): Performance Standards for Radar Equipment (up to 31.12.1998)
- IMO MSC.64(67) Annex 4: Performance Standards for Radar Equipment (1.1.1999 and after)
- IEC 60936-1: Shipborne Radar Operational and Performance Requirement
(1.1.1999 and after)
- IEC 60872-2: Automatic Tracking Aids (ATA)
rd
- IEC 60945: 1996-11(3
Ed) Marine Navigational Equipment General Requirements
vi
Models
This series of radar and ARPA is available in the following models:
FR-1505 MARK-3 X-band 6 kW
FR-1510 MARK-3 X-band 12 kW
FR-1525 MARK-3 X-band 25 kW
All come with the EPA (Electronic Plotting Aid) fitted standard. An option is available to provide the
full functionality of ATA (Automatic Tracking Aid). A Video Plotter (Chart Plotter), which provides
Radar Map functions, and Performance Monitor are also optionally available.
The FR-1500 MARK-3 Series is available in the Regular type (R-type) and IMO type . The R-type
satisfies the IMO and IEC standards but includes more flexibility of functionality. These radars
comply with the carriage requirements on the relevant type of ships of the 1974 SOLAS
Convention.
The table below shows the differences between R-type and IMO-type radars. Other functions and
specifications are common. The operator cannot navigate between the two types.
Function IMO type Regular type (R-type)
Range scales 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.5, 3, 6, 12,
24, 48, 96 nm
Target Alarm
zones
ATA: One Guard Zone:
x2 Zoom Not available Available on menu
Echo colors Monochrome yellow or green in 16
Speed mode Manual, Log Manual, Log, and NAV (GPS, DGPS)
Target trail
intensity
Close-in range
enhancement
A/D curve Not available A, B, C, D
Radar:
2 Target Alarm Zones. NO. 1 TAZ:
between 3 and 6 nm in 0.5 nm depth,
NO. 2: anywhere when NO. 1 is valid.
Default GZ covers 3.5-4 nm,
adjustable between 3 and 6 nm, in 0.5
nm range depth.
tones
Not available 1, 2, 3, 4
Not available CENter ENHANCE on menu
0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.5, 3, 6, 12,
24, 48, 72, 96 nm (sm, km on menu)
Radar: Target Alarm Zone:
st
1
and 2nd TAZs anywhere. Alarm can
be selected for inside (as TAZ) or
outside (as off-zone Anchor Watch).
ATA: One Guard Zone:
Anywhere
Choice of monochrome in 16 tones or
3 colors depending on echo strengths
vii
When the gyrocompass or magnetic compass is not connected to IMO type radar, the functions
mentioned below are inoperative.
In this case, the HDG SNSR on the SET UP 2 menu of the Installation menu should be set to OFF.
(See page 5-7 in the installation manual.)
1. Alert and indication for heading sensor do not appear on the screen and also the indication
of HDG does not appear on the screen.
2. The PLOT on the main menu is not accessible. Therefore, the menus of EPA and ATA are
not accessible.
3. On the menu of "FUNC1 SET", "FUNC2 SET" and "FUNC3 SET", the ECHO AVG is not
available. However, echo averaging can be turned on without gyrocompass connection by
setting ECHO AVG ON on the OTHER menu of the Installation menu.
4. On the F
•2 MENU, the following are inoperative.
2. TRAIL MODE
15. PLOT MENU
16. MARK MODE
18.DRIFT MENU
26. EXT WP
30. EBL/+/PI
5. MODE on the TGT TRAIL menu is not accessible. The mode of target trail is always
relative.
6. SET & DRIFT on the OTHER menu is not accessible.
7. DEGS DEG on the DEGAUSS menu is not accessible.
8. EXT WPT on the NAV DATA menu is not accessible.
9. The MODE key is not accessible. The display mode is fixed to heading-up mode.
10.EBL/+/PI on the EBL/VRM/+ menu is not accessible.
11.HDG SET on the OTHERS menu is not accessible.
12.The cursor position (Lat./Long.) is not displayed but range and bearing from own ship to the
cursor are displayed.
13.VECTOR T/R and ECHO AVG on the F
•1 menu are not accessible.
14.MODE on the MARK menu is not accessible. The mark mode is always relative.
15.RP-17 and ARP-17 are not available.
viii
Specifications of FR-1500 Mark-3 Series shipborne radar
ANTENNA RADIATORS
1. Type: Slotted waveguide array
2. Beamwidth:
Radiator type: XN12AF XN20AF XN24AF
Length: 4 ft 6.5 ft 8 ft
Beamwidth(H): 1.8° 1.23° 0.95°
Beamwidth(V): 20° 20° 20°
Sidelobe ±10°: -28 dB (all radiators)
Polarization: Horizontal (all radiators)
3. Rotation: 24 rpm or 42 rpm
Note: 42 rpm is not available in 12 VDC system
RF TRAN S C EIVER
1. Frequency: 9410 MHz ±30 MHz (X-band)
2. Output power:
FR-1505M3: 6 kW
FR-1510M3: 12 kW
FR-1525M3: 25 kW
3. Range, Pulselength (PL) & PRF
Range scales P/L (µs) PRF (Hz)
0.125, 0.25 0.07 3000
0.5 0.07/0.15 3000
0.75, 1.5 2 from 0.07/0.15/0.3 3000/1500
3
6, 12 2 from 0.3/0.5/0.7/1.2 1500/1000
24 2 from 0.5/0.7/1.2 1000/600
48, 96 1.2 600
4. IF: 60 MHz, Logarithmic.
5. Noise figure: 6 dB
6. Duplexer: Ferrite circulator with diode limiter
2 from 0.07.15/0.3/0.5/0.7
BW 28/3 MHz
3000/1500
DISPLAY UNIT
1. Picture tube: 15” color CRT, effective diameter:
185 mm. Yellow or green echoes in
16 levels. Rasterscan non-interlace
at 48.3 kHz hor, 60 Hz vert. R-type
has yellow or green monochrome
plus 3 color display with echo
strengths.
2. Minimum range and range discrimination:
35 m
3. Range scales: 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.5, 3, 6, 12,
24, 48, 96 nm
4. Range accuracy: 1 % of the maximum range of the
scale in use, or 30 m, whichever is the greater.
5. Bearing discrimination: Better than 2.5°
6. Bearing accuracy: ±1°
7. Presentation: Head-up, Head-up TB, North-up,
Course-up, TM sea or ground
stabilization
8. Plotting facilities:
EPA: 10 targets manual plot, automatic
follow-up. Warning if not plotted
within 10 min. Disabled when ATA
board ARP-17 is accommodated.
ATA: Automatic tracking for up to 20
targets (10 manually acquired plus
10 auto acquired, or 20 manually
acquired). Complies with IMO
MSC.64(67) Annex 4 and IEC
60872-2. Needs ARP-17 optionally.
Common feature: Sea and ground stabilized Vectors
and target trails
9. Radar map: Nav lines, coastlines, buoys, etc.
produced by operator. 3000 pts in
Radar mode, 6000 pts on IC card in
Chart mode. Needs RP-17 Board to
meet MSC.64(67) Annex 4.
10. Target Alarm Zone: TAZ: Two Target Alarm Zones
One GZ (ATA): Default 3.5-4.0 nm,
±45° of heading line (bow)
11. Parallel Index Line: Choice of 2 or 6 lines
INTERFACE
1. IEC 61162-1: RSD, TTM, etc.
2. Gyrocompass: Built-in interface (option) for sync
signal (20-135 V, 50-400 Hz), or
stepper signal (20-135 VDC), any
polarity
3. Speed log: IEC 61162-1, contact closure or
200/400/500 pulses/nm
POWER SUPPLY
DC power
FR-1505 MARK-3: 24 rpm: 12/24-32 VDC, 15.4/7.1-5.3
A (19.6/9.2-6.9 A)
42 rpm: 24-32 VDC, 7.5-5.6 A
(10.4-7.8 A)
FR-1510 MARK-3: 24 rpm: 12/24-32 VDC, 17.5/8.3-6.3
A (22.0/10.2-7.7 A)
42 rpm: 24-32 VDC, 8.8-6.6 A
(11.5-8.6A)
FR-1525 MARK-3: 24 rpm: 24-32 VDC,
9.2-6.9/11.0-8.3 A)
42 rpm: 24-32 VDC, 9.6-7.2 A
(12.3-9.2 A)
AC power
FR-1505 MARK-3: : (24/42 rpm): 2.7/2.9 (3.5/3.9) A at
FR-1515 MARK-3: : (24/42 rpm):3.1/3.3 (3.9/4.4) A at
FR-1525 MARK-3: : (24/42 rpm):3.4/3.6 (4.2/4.7) A at
( ): at wind speed 100 kt
(100/110/115 or 220/230 VAC, 1φ, 50-60 Hz)
100 V
100 V
100 V
ix
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
1. Ambient temperature (Complies with IEC 60945)
Display unit: -15 to +55°C
Antenna unit: -25 to +70°C (Storage)
2. Relative humidity: 93% at 40°C
EQUIPMENT LIST
Standard
.1 Display unit RDP-119 (AC or DC)
.2 Scanner unit RSB-0074 (24 rpm), -0075 (42 rpm) with
RF transceiver unit RTR-067 (6 kW), -062 (12 kW),
-063 (25 kW)
.3 Antenna radiator
XN-12AF (4 ft), -20AF (6.5 ft), -24AF (8 ft)
.4 Antenna cable 15/20/25/30m (Specify)
Electromagnetic radiofrequency radiation
COATING COLOR
Display Unit: Panel: N3.0 (Dark grey)
Cover: 2.5GY5/1.5 (Light grey)
Antenna Unit: N9.5 (White)
Option
.1 Power cable CVV-S8x2C 15 m (for DC set)
Stepdown transformer RU-1803 (440 V, 1ø)
.2
.3 Rectifier RU-1746B-2 (115/230 V to 24 VDC)
.4 Rectifier RU-3424 (115/230 V to 24 VDC for 25 kW, 42
rpm)
.5 42 rpm scanner motor
.6 ARPA board ARP-17
.7 Video plotter board RP-17 or RP-180 (Mandatory on
IMO-type)
.8 ROM card (for digital charts), RAM card (for custom
data) for RP-17 expanded radar map
.9 Sub display FMD-8001 (R-type)
2
MODEL RADIATOR TYPE Distance to 100 W/cm
FR-1505 M3 (X, 6 kW) XN12AF (4’) none 2.1 m 75 W/cm2
XN20AF (6.5’)
FR-1510 M3 (X, 12 kW) XN12AF (4’) 1.1 m worst case 10.0 m worst case 200 W/cm2 worst case
XN20AF (6.5’)
FR-1525 M3 (X, 25 kW) XN20AF (6.5’) 1.1 m worst case 10.0 m worst case 200 W/cm2 worst case
Distance to 10 W/cm2
RF power density on
antenna aperture
Category of Equipment Units
Equipment for Protected Area Equipment for Exposed Area
Display unit
Power supply unit
Antenna unit (Scanner unit, RF Transceiver unit)
Performance monitor
Interswitch unit
Compass safe distance
Equipment unit Standard compass Steering compass Remarks
Display unit RDP-119 0.80 (0.50) m 0.50 (0.30) m
Antenna unit RTR-067 (6 kW) 1.40 (0.85) m 0.70 (0.45) m For all radiators
Antenna unit RTR-062 (12 kW) 1.70 (1.05) m 0.90 (0.55) m For all radiators
Antenna unit RTR-063 (25 kW) 2.10 (1.30) m 1.20 (0.75) m For all radiators
RF Transceiver unit
Performance monitor PM-30 (X-band) 0.4 m 0.3 m
Measurements by the BSH, Germany, Cert Nr. 287/2. Figures in ( ) apply to the coastal boats
under German Regulations.
x
CONFIGURATION OF FR-1500 MARK-3 SERIES RADARS
VIDEO PLOTTER
RP-17 or RP-180
xi
This page is intentionally left blank.
xii
1 OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW
1.1 Turning on the Power
The [POWER] switch is located at the left corner of the display unit. Push it to switch on the radar
set. To turn off the radar, push it again. The screen shows the bearing scale and digital timer
approximately 15 seconds after power-on. The timer counts down three minutes of warm-up time.
During this period the magnetron, that is, the transmitter tube, is warmed for transmission. When
the timer has reached 0:00, the indication STBY appears, indicating that the radar is now ready to
transmit pulses.
POWER
switch
Switch S2
Notice for technicians
The display unit designed to run on AC voltage
has a switch (S2) at its rear to cut off 115/230 V
supply from internal circuits. Thus, the radar will
not operate when this switch is turned off. Keep it
in the ON position.
1.2 Transmitter ON
After the power is turned on and the magnetron has warmed up, STBY appears at the screen
center, indicating the radar is ready to transmit radar pulses. Press the [STBY/TX] key to transmit.
When you won’t be using the radar for an extended period, but you want to keep it in a state of
readiness, place it in standby by pressing the [STBY/TX] key. The display shows STBY.
Video Freeze-up Recovery
Video freeze-up or lock-up can occur unexpectedly on any digital rasterscan radars. This is
mainly caused by heavy spike noise in the power line and can be noticed by carefully watching
the nearly visible sweep line. If you suspect that the picture is not updated every scan of the
antenna or no key entry is accepted notwithstanding the apparently normal pictures, do Quick
Start to restore normal operation.
.1 Turn off the Power Switch and within 10 seconds turn it on again.
.2 Press the Transmit switch labeled STBY/TX for transmit condition.
-1.1-
1.3 Control Description
USS (PUSH)
)
DAY/NIGHT (PUSH)
yp
(RM)
p
(RM)
(
r
g
g
MENU ACCESS CONTROL
PANEL
Function keys are also used as
numeral ke
ads for 0-9.
POWER
switch
DIRECT ACCESS CONTROL
TX
STBY
OFF
DEGA
EBL
ON
BRILL A/C RAIN A/C SEA
BKGND
DIMMER
COLOR
TLL: Target Latitude/Longitude outputted in IEC 61162-1 format.
TLL(PUSH
OFF
MODE
1
TGT
2
TRAIL
3
ALARM
SHIFT
4
ZOOM
INDEX
5
LINE
EBL
6
OFFSET
PLOT
7
SYMBOL
8
MARK
9
0
MENU
CANCEL
CLEAR
ENTER
SELECT
RINGS
resentation mode - Head-up
TGT
Press to select
, Head-up True Bearing (RM), Course-up
,North-up (RM), North-up (TM). Ref.
Target trails over selected time. Ref. 1.26.
Sets two target alarm zones. Ref. 1.22.
Off-centers the radar picture, turns on/off
R-type) or manual-resets the TM
Zoom
display. Ref. 1.23.
Controls Parallel Index Lines. Ref. 1.27.
Offset 1st EBL together with Cursor. Ref. 1.20.
Enters EPA mark. Ref. 1.25.
Inscribes reference marks (Ref. 1.28) o
marks in Radar map (Ref. 1.47).
F1
Selects functions of primary controls. Ref. 1.32.
F2
Selects setting of one of parameters visible on
STBY. Ref. 1.33.
Primary menu containing: Video Plot, Target
Trail, Tar
Function, Plot, Mark, Brill, Others. Ref. 1.6, etc.
Cancels entry, stops tracking.
et Alarm, Watch Time, Echo
Concludes entry of data, displays target data.
GAIN
RANGE
+
ION
Select FUNC 1, 2 or 3 which is a
settin
Ref. 1.34.
-
of picture effecting parameters.
OFF
VRM
ON
-1.2-
1.4 CRT Brilliance
Operate the BRILL control on the control panel of the display unit to adjust the entire screen
brightness. Note that the optimum point of adjustment varies with ambient lighting conditions,
especially between daytime and nighttime.
1.5 Control Panel Backlighting
Operate the [DIMMER] key to adjust control panel backlighting.
1.6 Tuning the Receiver
1.6.1 Automatic tuning
The radar is set for automatic tuning at the factory. The radar receiver is tuned automatically each
time the power is turned on. The tuning indicator and the label AUTO at the top right corner of the
display unit show the tuning circuit is working. The receiver may become detuned, in automatic
tuning, if own ship’s radar receives the radar signal of another shipborne radar. To return, press
the [STBY/TX] key twice.
1.6.2 Manual tuning
Press the GAIN control (Push for HL OFF) and adjust the VRM control after setting as below:
1. Press the [MENU] key.
MENU
1. VIDEO PLOT*/ AIS
2. TGT TRAIL
3. TGT ALARM
4. WATCH TIME
5. ECHO SIG
6. FUNC
7. PLOT
8. MARK
9. BRILL
0. OTHERS
OTHERS
1. HDG SET
2. SPD MODE MAN LOG
LOG (S-BT)
LOG (S-WT)
3. MAN SPD
4. SET & DRIFT
5. DISPLAY
6. MARK/LINE
7. TUNE
8. NAV DATA
9. EBL/+/PI
0. ↓
TUNE
1. ↑
2. MODE AUTO MAN
* Requires RP-17 or RP-180. AIS not shown on RP-17.
(a) Main menu (b) OTHERS menu (c) TUNE menu
2. Press the [0] key twice to display the OTHERS menu. (b)
3. Press the [7] key to display the TUNE menu. (c)
4. Press the [2] key to select the option MAN from the MODE field.
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key. While observing the picture on the 48-mile scale, slowly
adjust the VRM rotary control while holding down the GAIN control to find the best tuning
point. Make sure that the radar has been set to the best tuning point. This condition is
where the tuning indicator lights to about 80% of its total length. Note that the tuning
indication will never extend to full length.
6. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.
-1.3-
1.7 Degaussing the Screen
Each time the radar is turned on, the degaussing circuit automatically demagnetizes the CRT
screen to eliminate color contamination caused by earth’s magnetism or magnetized ship structure.
The screen is also degaussed automatically at certain time intervals, which may be selected on the
menu. While being degaussed, the screen may be disturbed momentarily with vertical lines. If you
wish to degauss by manual operation, push the EBL rotary control.
1.8 Initializing the Compass Readout
With a compass interfaced with the radar, ship’s heading is displayed at the top of the screen.
Upon turning on the radar, match the on-screen HDG readout with the compass reading by the
procedure shown below. Once you have set the initial heading correctly, resetting is not usually
required. However, if the HDG readout goes wrong for some reason, repeat the procedure to
correct it.
1. Press the [MENU] key to display the main menu.
2. Press the [0] key twice to display the OTHERS menu.
OTHERS
1. HDG SET
2. SPD MODE MAN LOG
LOG (S-BT)
LOG (S-WT)
3. MAN SPD
4. SET & DRIFT
5. DISPLAY
6. MARK/LINE
7. TUNE
8. NAV DATA
9. EBL/+/PI
↓
0.
NAV is additionally available in
R-type. If accuracy is doubtful,
do not use the speed data
obtained from GPS or DGPS.
3. Press the [1] key to select HDG SET.
4. Operate the VRM rotary control to duplicate the compass readout on the radar menu display.
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.
6. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.
-1.4-
1.9 Entering Own Ship’s Speed
EPA requires an own ship speed input and compass signal. The speed can be entered from a
speed log (automatic) or through the plotting keypad (manual).
1.9.1 Automatic speed input
1. Press the [MENU] key and the [0] key twice to show the OTHERS menu.
OTHERS
1. HDG SET
2. SPD MODE MAN LOG
LOG (S-BT)
LOG (S-WT)
3. MAN SPD
4. SET & DRIFT
5. DISPLAY
6. MARK/LINE
7. TUNE
8. NAV DATA
9. EBL/+/PI
0. ↓
NAV is additionally available
in R-type. If accuracy is
doubtful, do not use the speed
data obtained from GPS or
DGPS.
2. Press the [2] key to select the menu item SPD MODE.
3. Press the [2] key again to select the LOG option.
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to confirm your selection followed by the [MENU] key to close
the menu. The ship’s speed readout at the right-hand side of the screen shows own ship’s
speed fed from the speed log with the label LOG, BT or WT.
Notes:
1) IMO Resolution A.823(19) for ARPA recommends that a speed log to be interfaced with an
ARPA should be capable of providing through-the-water speed. The same concept applies to
the ATA and the EPA.
2) Be sure not to select LOG when a speed log is not connected. If the log signal is not provided,
the ship’s speed readout at the screen top will be blank.
1.9.2 Manual speed input
If the radar is not interfaced with a speed log, or the speed log does not feed correct speed enter
the ship’s speed as follows:
1. Press the [MENU] key and the [0] key twice to show the OTHERS menu.
2. Press the [2] key several times to select MAN from the SPD MODE field.
3. Press the [3] key to select the MAN SPD.
4. Enter speed with the numeric keys.
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to confirm your selection followed by the [MENU] key to close
the menu. The ship’s speed readout at the right-hand side of the screen shows own ship’s
speed fed from the speed log with the label MAN.
-1.5-
1.10 On-screen Legends and Markers
Range scale
Range ring interval
Pulselength
HU/HU TB/CU/NU/TM
Heading line
Heading marker
12
2NM
PULSE 1 M1
H U RM
FUNC1
COAST
IR1
ES1
NR
EAV0.5
A/C AUTO
CONTRAST1
2nd Echo
SART MAP ALIGN
320
310
300
290
280
270
260
250
240
230
220
EBL
287.2
°
R
°
R
240.0
340
330
+
210
200
PI
°
R
50
350
190
Target Alarm Zone (Radar) or Guard Zone (ATA),
1st zone between 3 and 6 nm, 2nd zone anywhere.
Own ship data
Parallel index lines
Parallel index line reference
Heading, Speed value
and sensor type
Geodetic datum
000
010
1
170
180
020
2
160
AUTO
030
150
WATCH TIM
00:00
040
140
SET DRIFT
REL TRAIL
12:34 30SEC
X-BAND
050
W84
060
120
130
TA1 TA2
IN IN
VRM
10.75NM
7.00 NM
MAIN
HDG 155.0° T GYRO
SPD 12.0KT WT
LOG 00.00KT F
00.00KT SB
+
OWN SHIP (GPS)
070
CSE 150.0T
WPT01
080
090
100
110
DEPTH 075.2m
TEMP 18.0°C
30-SEPT-1998
(LOCAL) 00:00
MAN 00:01
1 TRUE VECT
3Min WT
RNG 4.7NM
BRG 78.5°T
CSE 264.0°T WT
SPD 10.3K WT
CPA 2.9NM
TCPA 15:20
EPFS SIGNAL MISSING
TRIG. AZIMUTH
VIDEO GYRO LOG
GAIN
A/C SEA
A/C RAIN
BRILL
305.6° R
9.02NM
38 29 .562°N
138 18.562°E
TTG 45:50
38 32 .222°N
138 11.212°E
77.0°T
0.123NM
TTG 00:00
Cursor position
from OS, Time-To-Go
Own ship data
L/L, CMG
(Course Made Good
by GPS/DGPS)
Depth and Temperature
if sensors are used
ATA data
Warning of signal loss
Trigger/Azimuth/
Video/Gyro/Log
Stern marker
North marker
Control settings
Parallel index line reference 50°R
VRM. NO. 1 and NO. 2
EBL. NO. 1 and NO. 2
Active EBL is circumferenced
Active VRM is circumferenced
-1.6-
1.11 Presentation Modes
This radar has the following presentation modes: Head-up, Head-up/TB, Course-up, North-up, and
True Motion.
1.11.1 Selecting presentation mode
Press the [MODE] key on the panel at the right side of the display unit. Each time the [MODE] key
is pressed, the presentation mode and mode indication at the upper-left corner of the screen
change cyclically.
Note: When a failure occurs in the gyrocompass, the radar will automatically be switched to
unstabilized presentation mode.
Loss of Gyrocompass signal
When the compass signal is lost, the presentation mode automatically becomes head-up and the
HDG (heading) readout at the top of the text area reads xxx.x°. Also GYRO SIGNAL MISSING
appears in red at the lower right corner on the screen. Press the MODE key, and the x’s go off.
Then, match the on-screen HDG readout with the heading value.
All compass related data will read Relative values.
-1.7-
Presentation mode, representative display
Description
Heading Marker
North marker
320
310
300
290
280
270
260
250
240
230
220
000
010
350
340
330
+
210
200
170
190
180
Heading Line
020
030
040
140
150
160
050
060
070
080
090
100
110
120
130
Heading Marker
North marker
320
310
300
290
280
270
260
250
240
230
220
000
010
350
340
330
+
210
200
170
190
180
Heading Line
020
030
040
140
150
160
050
060
070
080
090
100
110
120
130
Bearing scale rotates with a compass signal
Heading Marker
330 340 350
320
310
300
290
280
270
260
250
240
230
220
210
200
190
180
170
000
010
North marker
020
030
040
050
060
+
130
140
150
160
070
080
090
100
110
120
Head-up mode
A display without azimuth stabilization in which the
line connecting the center with the top of the display
indicates own ship’s heading.
The target pips are painted at their measured
distances and in their directions relative to own ship’s
heading.
A shoreline on the bearing scale is the north marker
indicating compass north. A failure of the compass
input will cause the north marker to disappear and the
readout to show xxx.x° and the message GYRO
SIGNAL MISSING appears in red at the lower-right
corner of the screen.
Course-up mode
An azimuth stabilized display in which a line
connecting the center with the top of the display
indicates own ship’s intended course (namely, own
ship’s previous heading just before this mode has
been selected).
Target pips are painted at their measured distances
and in their directions relative to the intended course
which is maintained at the 0-degree position while the
heading line moves in accordance with ship’s yawing
and course change. This mode is useful to avoid
smearing of picture during course change. After a
course change, press the [SHIFT] key to reset the
picture orientation if you wish to continue using the
course-up mode. The heading line gets back to scale
zero.
Head-up TB (True Bearing) mode
Radar echoes are shown in the same way as in the
head-up mode. The difference from normal head-up
presentation lies in the orientation of the bearing
scale. The bearing scale is compass stabilized. That
is, it rotates in accordance with the compass signal,
enabling you to know own ship’s heading at a glance.
This mode is available only when the radar is
interfaced with a gyrocompass.
If the compass fails, the bearing scale returns to the
state of head-up mode.
-1.8-
Presentation mode, representative display
North
350
340
330
320
310
300
290
280
270
260
250
240
230
220
210
200
190
North
350
340
330
320
310
300
290
280
270
260
250
240
230
220
210
200
190
000
010
+
170
180
000
010
+
170
180
Heading Line
020
030
040
050
060
070
110
120
130
140
150
160
Heading Line
020
160
Heading
030
040
Marker
050
060
070
110
120
130
140
150
Heading
Marker
080
090
100
080
090
100
Description
North-up modeIn the north-up mode, target pips
are painted at their measured distances and in their
true (compass) directions from own ship, north
bearing maintained up of the screen. The heading line
changes its direction according to the ship’s
heading.If the gyrocompass fails, the presentation
mode changes to head-up and the north marker
disappears. Also, the HDG readout shows xxx.x°. And
the message GYRO SIG MISSING appears in red at
the lower-right corner of the screen.
True motion mode
Own ship and other moving objects move in
accordance with their true courses and speed. In
ground stabilized TM, all fixed targets, such as
landmasses, appear as stationary echoes. In the sea
stabilized TM without set and drift inputs, the
landmass can move on the screen.
When own ship reaches a point corresponding to
75% of the radius of the display, it is automatically
reset to a point of 75% radius opposite to the
extension of the heading marker passing through the
display center. Resetting can be made at any moment
before the ship reaches the limit by pressing the
[SHIFT]. Automatic resetting is preceded by a beep
sound.
If the compass fails, the mode is changed to the
head-up and the north marker disappears. The HDG
readout shows xxx.x° and the message GYRO SIG
MISSING appears in red at the lower-right corner of
the screen.
000
010
350
340
330
320
310
300
290
280
270
260
250
240
230
220
210
200
020
030
040
050
060
070
080
+
160
170
190
180
090
100
110
120
130
140
150
320
310
300
290
280
270
260
250
240
230
220
000
010
350
340
330
210
200
020
030
Target trail
040
050
060
070
080
280
090
+
140
150
160
170
190
180
270
100
260
110
120
130
(a) True motion Is selected (b) Own ship has reached a
point 75% of display radius
000
010
350
340
330
320
310
300
290
250
240
230
220
210
200
020
030
040
050
060
070
080
+
160
170
190
180
090
100
110
120
130
140
150
(c) Own ship is automatically reset
to 75% of radius
-1.9-
1.12 Selecting the Range Scale
The display range scale is changed by pressing the [+] and [-] keys. The selected range scale and
range ring interval are shown at the upper left corner on the screen. When a target of interest
comes closer, reduce the range scale so that it appears in 50-90% of the display radius. The range
scales are 0.125-0.25-0.5-0.75-1.5-3-6-12-24-48-96 nm.
Press the [RANGE] key to select range. The range, range ring interval and pulselength appear at
the top left corner of the display.
1.13 Selecting the Pulselength
The pulselength in use is displayed at the upper-left position. Appropriate pulselengths are preset
to individual range scales and function keys. Therefore, you are not usually required to select them.
If you are not satisfied with the current pulselength settings, however, it is possible to change them
by the ECHO SIG menu as below. The pulselength is selectable on the ranges 0.5 to 24 nm.
1.13.1 Selecting pulselength 1 or 2
1. Press the [MENU] key to display the Main menu.
2. Press the [5] key twice to select ECHO SIG.
3. Press the [6] key or [7] key to select PULSE 1 or PULSE 2 as appropriate.
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.
5. Press the [MENU] key.
The indication of PULSE 1 or PULSE 2 alternately appears at the upper left corner of the display.
PULSE 1
1. ↑
2. 0. 5NM S1 S2
3. 0.75-1.5NM S1 S2 M1
4. 3NM S1 S2 M1 M2 M3
5. 6-12NM M1 M2 M3 L 6.
24NM M2 M3 L
Underlined is the default value on each range.
0.07
0.15 µs
0.07 0.15
0.07 0.15
0.3 0.5
0.5 µs 0.7
0.7 1.2 µs
0.3 µs
0.3 0.5 0.7 µs
1.2 µs
1.13.2 Presetting pulselengths 1 and 2
Pulselength 1 and 2 can be preset on the PULSE 1 and PULSE 2 in the ECHO SIG menu. A
longer pulse provides an increased detection range, but with reduced discrimination. If you need
discrimination in preference to detection, choose a shorter pulse. However short the radar satisfies
the detecting requirements of the IMO.
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the [5] key twice to display the ECHO SIG menu.
3. Press the [6] or [7] key as appropriate to select PULSE 1 or PULSE 2.
4. Press appropriate numeric key among 2-7 to select pulselength and range.
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.
6. Press the [MENU] key.
-1.10-
1.14 Adjusting the Sensitivity
The GAIN control adjusts the sensitivity of the receiver. It works in precisely the same manner as
the volume control of a broadcast receiver, amplifying the signals received.
The proper setting is such that the background noise is just visible on the screen. If you set up for
too little sensitivity, weak echoes may be missed. On the other hand excessive sensitivity yields
too much background noise; strong targets may be missed because of the poor contrast between
desired echoes and the background noise on the display.
To adjust receiver sensitivity, transmit on long range, and adjust the GAIN control so background
noise is just visible on the screen.
1.15 Suppressing Sea Clutter
Echoes from waves cover the central part of the display with random signals known as sea clutter.
The higher the waves, and the higher the scanner above the water, the further the clutter will
extend. When sea clutter masks the picture, suppress it by the A/C SEA control, rotate for manual
adjustment, push for automatic adjustment.
1.15.1 Manual adjustment by the A/C SEA control
The A/C SEA control reduces the amplification of echoes at short ranges (where clutter is the
greatest) and progressively increases amplification as the range increases, so amplification will be
normal at those ranges where there is no sea clutter.
The proper setting of the A/C SEA control should be such that the clutter is broken up into small
dots, and small targets become distinguishable.
If the control is set too low, targets will be hidden in the clutter, while if it is set too high, both sea
clutter and targets will disappear from the display. In most cases adjust the control until clutter has
disappeared to leeward, but a little is still visible windward.
1. Confirm that the sensitivity is properly
adjusted, and then transmit on short range.
2. Adjust the A/C SEA control so small targets
are distinguishable but some clutter remains
on the display.
A/C SEA OFF A/C SEA adjusted
1.15.2 Automatic adjustment by the A/C AUTO control
The A/C AUTO control automatically suppresses sea clutter as well as rain clutter. Push the A/C
SEA control to turn on the automatic A/C circuit. A/C AUTO appears at the bottom left corner when
the A/C circuit is on.
CAUTION
The auto A/C function can erase weak target echoes. Adjust the control carefully
watching the display.
-1.11-
1.16 Suppressing Precipitation Clutter
The vertical beamwidth of the scanner is
designed to see surface targets even when the
ship is rolling. However, by this design the unit
will also detect rain clutter (rain, snow, or hail)
in the same manner as normal targets. Figure
at right shows the appearance of rain clutter
on the display.
The A/C RAIN control adjusts the receiver
sensitivity as the A/C SEA control does but
rather in a longer time period (longer range).
A/C RAIN OFF A/C RAIN ON – Thin clouds
Clockwise rotation of this control increases the
anti-clutter effect.
can be cleared
1.17 Interference Rejector
Mutual radar interference may occur in the vicinity of another shipborne
radar operating in the same frequency band (9 GHz). It is seen on the
screen as a number of bright spikes either in irregular patterns or in the
form of usually curved spoke-like dotted lines extending from the center
to the edge of the picture. Activating the interference rejector circuit can
reduce this type of interference.
The interference rejector is a kind of signal correlation circuit. It
compares the received signals over successive transmissions and
suppresses randomly occurring signals. There are three levels of
interference rejection depending on the number of transmissions that
are correlated. These are indicated by the legends IR1, IR2 and IR3 at
the upper-left position of the screen.
To activate the interference rejector;
1. Press the [F1] key. The following display appears.
1. VECTOR T/R
2. PULSE
3. INT REJ
4. STRETCH
5. ECHO AVG
6. CONTRAST
7. N REJ
8. DISP SEL
9. PM
0. SART
2. Press the [3] key to select interference rejection level (OFF, 1, 2, or 3) from the INT REJ field.
Selected level is shown as IR1, IR2 or IR3 at the bottom left-hand corner on the display.
-1.12-
1.18 Measuring the Range
Use the fixed range rings to obtain a rough estimate of the range to a target. They are the
concentric solid circles about own ship, or the sweep origin. The number of rings is automatically
determined by the selected range scale and their interval is displayed at the upper-left position of
the screen.
1.18.1 Measuring range by the variable range marker (VRM)
Use the Variable Range Markers (VRMs) for more accurate measurement of the range to a target.
There are two VRMs, No.1 and No.2, which appear as dashed rings so that you can discriminate
them from the fixed range rings. The two VRMs can be distinguished from each other by different
lengths of dashes.
1. Press the [VRM ON] key to display either of the VRMs. Successive presses of the [VRM ON]
key toggles the active VRM between No.1 and No.2 and the currently active VRM readout is
circumscribed.
2. Rotate the VRM rotary control clockwise or counterclockwise to align the active VRM with the
inner edge of the target of interest and read its distance (unit: nm) at the lower-right corner of
the screen. Each VRM remains at the same geographical distance when you operate the
[RANGE+] or [RANGE-] key. This means that the apparent radius of the VRM ring changes in
proportion to the selected range scale.
3. Press the [VRM OFF] key to erase each VRM.
-1.13-
1.19 Measuring Bearing
Use the Electronic Bearing Lines (EBLs) to find bearing of a target. There are two EBLs, No.1 and
No.2, which are toggled by successive presses of the [EBL ON] key. Each EBL is a straight
dashed line extending out from the own ship position up to the circumference of the radar picture.
The fine dashed line is the No.1 EBL and the coarse dashed one is the No.2 EBL.
1. Press the [EBL ON] key to display either of the EBLs. Successive presses of the [EBL ON]
key toggles the active EBL between No.1, No.2 and index lines (if displayed) and the
currently active EBL readout is circumscribed.
2. Rotate the EBL rotary control clockwise or counterclockwise until the active EBL bisects the
target of interest, and read its bearing at the lower-left corner of the screen.
3. Press the [EBL OFF] key to erase each EBL.
The EBL readout is affixed by R (relative) if it is relative to own ship’s heading, or T (true) if it is
referenced to the North, as determined by the item EBL/VRM/+ on the OTHERS menu.
Note 1: Bearing reference cannot be selected for IMO type (no menu selection). For the IMO
type, relative bearing is selected in the HU mode, and true bearing in HUTB, CU, NU and TM
modes.
Note 2: The cursor may be returned to OS position by pressing the VRM control (R-type only).
1.20 Collision Assessment by the Offset EBL
The origin of the EBL can be placed anywhere with the trackball to enable measurement of range
and bearing between any targets. This function is also useful for assessment of the potential risk of
collision.
To assess possibility of collision:
1. Press the [EBL ON] key to display or activate the No.1 EBL.
2. Place the cursor (+) on a target appearing as threatening (A in the illustrated example) by
operating the trackball.
3. Press the [EBL OFFSET] key, and the origin of the active EBL shifts to the cursor position.
Press the [EBL OFFSET] key again to anchor the EBL origin.
4. After waiting for a few minutes (at least 3 minutes), operate the EBL rotary control until the
EBL bisects the target at the new position (A'). The EBL readout shows the target ship’s
course, which may be true or relative depending on the settings on the OTHERS menu.
-1.14-
If relative motion is selected, it is also possible to read CPA (Closest Point of Approach) by
using a VRM as shown below (Figure (a)). If the EBL passes through the sweep origin
(own ship) as illustrated (Figure (b)), the target ship is on a collision course.
5. To return the EBL origin to the own ship position, press the [EBL OFFSET] key again.
CURSOR
EBL
150.3°R
290
280
270
260
250
EBL 1
300
240
230
310
320
220
330
210
340
350
020
A
A'
200
180
160
170190
030
150
040
050
130
140
3.85 NM
VRM 1
060
070
080
090
100
110
120
VRM
CURSOR
EBL
100.3°R
290
280
270
260
250
EBL 1
300
240
230
310
320
220
330
A
210
010
340
200
000
010
350
020
A'
160
170190
180
030
150
VRM 1
040
050
060
070
080
100
110
120
130
140
VRM
3.85 NM
000
(a) Evaluating the target ship course in RM (b) Target ship on collision course
090
-1.15-
1.21 Measuring Range and Bearing Between Two Targets
1. Press the [EBL OFFSET] key, and place the origin of the No.1 EBL on a target of interest
(target 1 in the illustrated example) by operating the trackball. Note: Only No. 1 EBL can be
offset.
2. Turn the EBL rotary control until the EBL passes through another target of interest (target
2).
3. Turn the VRM rotary control until the range marker on the No. 1 EBL aligns with target 2.
The NO. 1 VRM readout at the lower-right corner of the screen indicates the distance
between the two targets.
4. To return the EBL origin to the own ship position, press the [EBL OFFSET] key again.
Bearing is shown relative to own ship with suffix “R” or as a true bearing with suffix “T” depending
on EBL relative/true settings on the OTHERS menu.
Target 2
220
220
320
320
Target 2
330
330
210
210
200
200
340
340
350
350
190
190
000
000
180
180
010
010
170
170
020
020
160
160
030
030
150
150
040
040
140
140
050
050
060
060
070
070
080
080
090
090
100
100
110
110
120
120
130
130
VRM
VRM
0.505NM
0.505NM
0.205NM
0.205NM
Distance between
Distance between
Targets 1 and 2
Targets 1 and 2
NO. 1 VRM
NO. 1 VRM
Target 1
Target 1
Origin of NO. 1 EBL
Origin of NO. 1 EBL
290
290
280
280
270
270
260
260
250
250
EBL
EBL
90.5°R
90.5°R
335.2°R
335.2°R
300
300
240
240
310
310
230
230
R: Bearing relative os heading viewed from Target 1 to 2
R: Bearing relative os heading viewed from Target 1 to 2
T: Bearing relative to north viewed from Target 1 to 2
T: Bearing relative to north viewed from Target 1 to 2
-1.16-
Loading...