Peterbilt Y53-6008 User Manual

O PERAT O R’S

M ANUAL

Medium Duty Models

Cla ss Pa ys

113

221

222

227

Introduction

INTRODUCTION

How to Use This Manual

This Operator's Manual contains useful information for the safe and efficient operation of your Medium Duty vehicle. It also provides information on maintaining your vehicle in the best condition, with an outline for performing safety checks and basic preventive maintenance inspections.

We have tried to present the information you'll need to learn about your vehicle's functions, controls, and operation as clearly as possible. We hope you'll find this manual easy to use. There will be times when you need to take this manual out of your Peterbilt vehicle. When you do, please be sure to return it to the cab when you are finished using it. That way it will be there when you need it the ne xt time or when y ou pass the vehicle on to the next user.

Your Medium Duty may not have all the features or options mentioned in this manual. Therefore, you should pay careful attention to the instructions that pertain to just your vehicle. In

Medium Duty

(R10/06) Y53-6008 – 1 –

addition, if your vehicle is equipped with special equipment or options not discussed in this manual, consult your dealer or the manufacturer of the equipment.

All information contained in this manual is based on the latest production information available at the time of publication. Peterbilt Motors Company reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice.

Safety Signals

A number of alerting messages are in this manual. Please read and follow them. They are there for your protection and information. These messages can help you avoid injury to yourself and your passengers, and can help prevent costly damage to the vehicle.

Key symbols and “signal words” are used to indicate what kind of message is going to follow. Pay special attention to instructions prefaced by symbols and the signal words “WARNING”, “CAUTION”, and “NOTE”. Please do not ignore any of these alerts.

Introduction

WARNING

When you see this word, the message that follo ws is especially vital. It signals a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in an injury or death. This message will tell you what the hazard is, what can happen if you don't heed the warning, and how to avoid it.

WARNING! Never carry additional fuel containers in the vehicle. Such containers, full or empty, may leak, explode or cause a fire in the event of a collision.

CAUTION

Signals a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in property or vehicle damage.

CAUTION: Continuing to operate your vehicle with insufficient oil pressure will cause serious engine damage.

Example:

NOTE

Provides general information: for example, the note could warn you on how to av oid damaging y our vehicle or how to drive the vehicle more efficiently.

Example:

NOTE: Pumping the accelerator will not assist in starting the engine.

Please take the time to read these messages when

you see them, and remember:

WARNING!

Something that could seriously injure you.

CAUTION:

Something that could cause property or vehicle damage.

NOTE:

Useful information.

– 2 – Y53-6008

Medium Duty (R10/06)

Introduction

Vehicle Safety

Make sure your Medium Duty is in top working condition before heading out on the road—it is the responsible driver's duty to do so. Inspect the vehicle according to the “ Check List”, page 13.

WARNING! Do not drink and drive. Your reflexes, perceptions, and judgment can be affected by even a small amount of alcohol. You could have a serious—or even fatal accident—if you drive after drinking. Please do not drink and drive or ride with a driver who has been drinking.

Please remember, this manual is not a training manual. It cannot tell you everything you need to know about driving your Peterbilt vehicle. For that you need a good training program or truck driving school. If you have not been trained, get the proper training before you drive. Only qualified drivers should drive this vehicle.

Every new P eterbilt vehicle is designed to conform to all Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards applicable at the time of manufacture. However, even with these safety features, continued safe and reliable operation depends greatly upon regular vehicle maintenance. The vehicle must be operated within the range of its mechanical capabilities and the limits

Driver's

of its load ratings. (See the tire and rim weight ratings information on the Vehicle Certification Label on the driver's door frame.) This vehicle is not approved for off-road operation.

How to Find What You Want

There are several tools built into this manual to help you find what you need quickly and easily. First is the Contents. Located at the front of the manual, this lists the main subjects covered and gives page numbers where you can find these subjects. Use the Contents to find information on a large subject like “Operating the Transmission.”

Cross-references also help you get the in f ormation you need. If some other part of the manual contains further information on the subject you are reading about, a cross-reference will refer you to another page, for example: “See page 46 more information on Safety Restraint Belts.”

Finally, you will find a helpful Index at the back of the manual, listing subjects alphabetically. For example, if you want information on brakes, just look under “Brakes” in the Index. You will find the pages where brakes or related topics are discussed.

, for

Medium Duty

(R10/06) Y53-6008 – 3 –

Introduction

A Special Word About Repairs

This is not a repair or workshop manual. Your Peterbilt Dealer's Service Center is the b est place to have your Medium Duty repaired. You can find Peterbilt dealers all over the country with the equipme nt and trained personnel to quickly get you back on the road—and to keep you there.

Your Medium Duty is a complex machine. Anyone attempting repairs on it needs good mechanical training, proper specifications, and proper tools. If you are sure you meet these qualifications, then you can probably perform some repairs yourself. But if you are not an ex perienced mechanic, or do not have the right equipment or training, please leave the repairs to an authorized service facility. They are the ones equipped to do the job safely and correctly.

WARNING! Do not attempt repair work without sufficient training, service manuals, and the proper tools. You could be injured, or you could make your vehicle unsafe. Do only those tasks you are fully qualified to do.

Shop Manuals

If you do decide to do complex repair work, you will need the Medium Duty Maintenance Manual. It contains service procedures, parts information, and supporting material on major components in your vehicle, such as Suspensions, Drivelines, Axles, and the Heater/Air Conditioner.

Listed below are manuals available from your Peterbilt Dealer. (There is a charge for these manuals.) Please provide the Chassis Serial Number when ordering, to be sure you get the correct manuals for your vehicle.

Medium Duty Maintenance Manual

detailed service procedures specifically co mpiled for the components on your vehicle, including: ele ctrical information, maintenance, disassembly, assembly, repairs, overhaul, and troubleshooting procedures. The information contained in this manual is the same used by Peterbilt dealers.

Medium Duty Master Parts Catalog

parts lists with drawings and exploded views for Medium Duty series vehicles.

. This manual includes

. Contains illustrated

– 4 – Y53-6008

Medium Duty (R10/06)

Introduction

Medium Duty Body Builders' Manual. Contains general guidelines on mechanical and electrical modifications required by your dealer to add bodies, accessories, and special equipment to straight-truck configurations.

WARNING! Modifying your vehicle can make it unsafe. Some modifications can affect your vehicle's electrical sy stem, stability, or other important functions. Before modifying your vehicle, check with your dealer to make sure it can be done safely.

Preventive Maintenance Section

The Preventive Maintenance section (pages 116 – 226) in this manual contains general service information for the operator, such as: lubrication points, making adjustments, and other helpful service information. This is summary information only, used for general maintenance of major components installed on your Medium Duty. For detailed service information see your Medium Duty Maintenance Manual.

When it comes time for major service work, your Peterbilt Dealer or Authorized Service Center will need vehicle and component information. To help you gather this vehicle infor-

mation, see “ tion” on page 226. This section explains vehicle identification and provides space to record model and serial numbers of major components installed on your vehicle.

Consumer Information and Vehicle Identifica-

Additional Sources of Information

Installed Equipment — Operator's Manuals

Major component suppliers to Peterbilt also supply operation manuals specific to their products. Additional manuals and other pieces of literature are included in the glove compartment literature set. Look for information on products such as the engine, driver’ s seat, transmission, axles, tires , and radio. If you are missing these pieces of literature, ask y our P eterbilt Dealer for copies.

Truck Driver's Handbook

Your set of glove compartment literature also contains a copy of the Truck Driver's Handbook, published by the American Trucking Association (ATA). Refer to it for important information on driving your Medium Duty.

Medium Duty

(R10/06) Y53-6008 – 5 –

Introduction

Other Sources

Another place to learn more about trucking is from local truck driving schools. Contact one near you to learn about courses they offer.

Federal and state agencies such as the department of licensing also have information you can ask for. The Interstate Commerce Commission can give you information about regulations governing transportation across state lines. Regulations that differ from state to state can be found at various agencies in state governments.

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Medium Duty (R10/06)

Operating Instructions Start–Up

OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

START–UP

Introduction

The following section covers start-up procedures for getting your Medium Duty ready for the road.

Door Lock and Keys

Doors can be locked from the inside by using the loc k button. Close the door then push the button down to lock. Doors automatically unlock when you open them from inside, and can be locked from the outside with the key only.

As standard equipment, two keys are provided for the doors and ignition. When necessary, additional locks and keys are provided for storage compartments.

Medium Duty

(R10/06) Y53-6008 – 7 –

WARNING! To help lessen the chance and/or severity of personal injury in case of an accident, always lock the doors while driving. Along with using the lap shoulder belts properly, locking the doors helps prevent occupants from being thrown from the vehicle.

To lock or unlock the doors from outside the cab:

• Insert the key in the door lock.

• Turn the key toward the rear door frame to lock; forward to unlock.

Cab and Frame Access

The following cab and frame entry/exit procedure recommendations were prepared with personal safety f oremost in mind.

WARNING! Do not jump out of the cab or get into the cab without proper caution. You could slip or fall, possibly suffering a serious injury. You could slip and fall if the steps are wet or icy, or if you step in fuel, oil, or grease.

Start–Up Operating Instructions

To help avoid personal injury due to a slip or fall:

• Use three points of contact (two feet, one hand or one foot, two hands) to grip the steps or handholds whenev er possible and look where you are going.

02611

• Use even more care when steps and handholds (or footwear) are wet, coated with ice, snow, mud, oil, fuel, or grease.

WARNING! Do not step on vehicle components without antiskid surfaces or use components not designed for entry-and-exit use. You could fall and injure yourself if y ou step ont o a slippery surface. For example:

•Do not step onto the surface of a fuel tank. A fuel tank is not a step. The tank surface can get very slippery, and you might not be able to prevent a fall. Use only the steps and handholds provided, not chain hooks, quarter fenders, etc.

•Do not climb onto and off the deck plate—use steps and grab handle provided. If there is no deck plate, or if proper steps and grab handles are not provided, do not climb onto the area behind the cab.

•Keep steps clean. Clean any fuel, oil, or grease off the steps before entering the cab or accessing the deck plate.

WARNING! Always reinstall the battery compartment cover (step) before entering the cab. Without the battery cover you could slip and fall, resulting in possible injury to yourself.

– 8 – Y53-6008

Medium Duty (R10/06)

Operating Instructions Start–Up

NOTE: Any alteration (adding bulkheads, headache racks, tool boxes, etc.) behind the cab tha t affects the utilization of grab handles, deck plates, or frame access steps installed by Peterbilt should comply with Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulation 399.

Hood Hold Downs and Tilt

The hood is locked in its closed position by an exter nal latch on each side. These latches serve as hold downs and keep the hood from opening unexpectedly.

CAUTION: If you do not latch the hood securely, it could open during operation and cause vehicle damage. Be sure to latch the hood securely before moving the vehicle.

WARNING! A pivoting hood could hurt someone or be damaged itself. Before opening or closing the hood, be sure there are no people or objects in the way.

To open the hood, unlatch both of the hood hold downs.

UNLATCHED

Medium Duty

(R10/06) Y53-6008 – 9 –

Start–Up Operating Instructions

Put one hand on the hood handle (just above the Peterbilt emblem), one foot on the bumper, and one foot on the ground. Tilt the hood forward until you hear it “lock”.

02609-1, -2

WARNING! If the hood falls, anyone under it could be injured. Always make sure the lock is engaged to keep your hood open any time anyone gets under the hood for any reason. Never work under the hood unless the hood safety lock is engaged.

To close the hood, you must first releas e the hood safety lock.

WARNING! Before closing the hood, be sure the area is clear—no people or objects are in the way.

CAUTION: To avoid hood damage when closing the hood, firmly squeeze the handle to release the hold-open lock.

HOOD HOLD-OPEN RELEASE HANDLE

– 10 – Y53-6008

Medium Duty (R10/06)

Operating Instructions Start–Up

After lowering the hood, latch the hood closed with the hold downs.

WARNING! If the hood is not latched securely, it could open during operation and cause an accident. Be sure the hood is latched securely before moving the vehicle.

LATCHED

Safe Vehicle Operation

For your safety, as well as those around you, be a responsible driver:

• If you drink, do not drive.

• Do not drive if you are tired, ill, or under emotional stress.

Much has gone into the manufacturing of your Medium Duty, including advanced engineering techniques, rigid quality control, and demanding inspections. These manufacturing processes will be enhanced by you—the safe driver—who:

• knows and understands how to operate the vehicle and all its controls

• maintains the vehicle properly

• uses driving skills wisely

For more information, refer to Department of Transportation Regulation 392.7, which states that interstat e commercial motor vehicles are not to be driven unless the driver is sure that certain parts and accessories are in working order.

Medium Duty

(R10/06) Y53-6008 – 11 –

Start–Up Operating Instructions

WARNING! Do not drink and drive. Your reflexes, perceptions, and judgment can be affected by even a small amount of alcohol. You could have a serious—even fatal—accident if you drive after drinking. Please do not drink and drive or ride with a driver who’s been drinking.

•The use of alcohol, drugs, and certain medications will seriously impair perception, reactions, and driving ability. These circumstances can substantially increase the risk of an accident and serious personal injury.

Vehicle Loading

Compare your vehicle's load capacity with the total load you are carrying. If ad justments need to be made, make them— do not drive an overloaded vehicle. If you are overloaded or your load has shifted, your vehicle may be unsafe to drive.

WARNING! Do not exceed the specified load rating. Overloading can result in loss o f vehicle control and serious personal injury, either by causing component failures or by affecting vehicle handling. Exceeding load ratings can also shorten the service life of the vehicle.

•The components of your vehicle are designed to provide satisfactory service if the vehicle is not loaded in excess of either the gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR), or the maximum front an d rear gross axle weight ratings (GAWRs). (Axle weight ratings are listed on the driver's door edge.)

Here are some definitions of weight you should know:

GVWR:

MAXIMUM WEIGHT your vehicle is allowed to carry, including the weight of the empty vehicle, loading platform, occupants, fuel, and any load. Never exceed the GVWR of your vehicle.

GCW:

Weight (GCW), of your vehicle and its load: tractor, plus trailer(s), plus cargo.

is the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating. This is the

is the actual combined weight, or Gross Combination

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Medium Duty (R10/06)

Operating Instructions Start–Up

GAWR: is the Gross Axle Weight Rating. This is the total weight that one axle is designed to transmit to the ground. You will find this number listed on the driver's door edge.

Load Distribution: be sure any load you carry is distributed so that no axle has to support more than its GAWR.

WARNING! An unevenly distributed load or a load too heavy over one axle can affect the braking and handling of your vehicle, which could result in an accident. Even if your load is under the legal limits, be sure it is distributed evenly.

Emergency Equipment

It is good practice to carry an emergency equipment kit in your vehicle. One da y, if you hav e a roadside emergency, you will be glad the following items are with you:

• window scraper

• snow brush

• container or bag of sand or salt

• emergency light

•small shovel

• first aid kit

• fire extinguisher

Driver's Check List

To keep your Medium Duty in top shape and maintain a high level of safety for you, your passengers, and your load, make a thorough inspection every day before you drive. You will save maintenance time later, and the safety checks could help prevent a serious accident. Please remember, too, that the Federal law requires a pre-trip inspection and so do commercial trucking companies.

You are not expected to become a professional mechanic. The purpose of your inspections is to find anything that might interfere with the safe and efficient transportation of yourself, any passengers, and your load. If you do find something wrong and cannot fix it yourself, have an Authorized Service Center or qualified mechanic repair your vehicle right away.

The following operations are to be perfor med by the driver. Performing these checks and following the maintenance procedures in this manual will help keep your Medium Duty running properly.

Approaching Your Vehicle

• Check the overall appearance and condition. Are windows, mirrors, and lights clean and unobstructed?

Medium Duty

(R10/06) Y53-6008 – 13 –

Start–Up Operating Instructions

• Check beneath the vehicle. Are th ere signs of fuel, oil, or water leaks?

• Check for damaged, loose, or missing parts. Are there parts showing signs of excessive wear or lack of lubrication? Have a qualified mechanic examine any questionable items and repair them without delay.

• Check your load. Is it secured properly?

Daily Checks

NOTE: The following items (Engine Compartment, Chassis and Cab, and Prestart Checks) should be checked daily, as a minimum. They are in addition to, not in place of, federal motor Carrier Safety Regulations. These regulations may be purchased by writing to:

Superintendent of Documents U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, DC 20402

Engine Compartment Checks — Daily

1. Engine Fluid Levels—add more if necessary.

• Engine oil

• Coolant (check while engine is cold)

• Power steering fluid level

• If your truck has hydraulic brakes, check the fluid level in the master cylinder reservoir. See page 154 for more information.

2. Engine Belt—check tension and condition of belts. This is important to ensure proper air compressor and engine operation.

• Measure the belt tension at the longest span of the belt. See page 142 ing belt tension.

NOTE: Deflection should be one belt thickness for each foot distance between the pulley centers.

• If breaks or tears are found, the belt should be replaced before operating the vehicle.

3. Fuel Filter/Water Separator Draining—check and drain. Depending on the fuel storage facility, more frequent draining may be required.

4. Windshield washer reservoir fluid level—fill if necessary.

5. Hood closed before entering cab. Is it latched properly?

Chassis and Cab Checks — Daily

Before entering the cab and operating the vehicle, check the following equipment for proper maintenance:

for further information on check-

– 14 – Y53-6008

Medium Duty (R10/06)

Operating Instructions Start–Up

1. Lights—do headlights, turn signals, emergency flashers, and exterior lamps function and are they clean and adjusted properly?

2. Windows and Mirrors—are they clean and adjusted properly?

3. Tires and Wheels—are they inflated properly? Are all wheel cap nuts in place and torqued properly—tighten if necessary. Check front wheel bearing oil levels. Inspect all tires and wheels for damage—correct if found.

4. Suspension—check for loose or missing fasteners. Check damage to springs or other suspension parts.

5. Brake Components—check lines, linkages, chambers, and brake operation.

6. If your truck has hydraulic brakes, check:

• the brake system for leaks

• hydraulic lines for cracks or kinks

• calipers for leaks

7. Air System—are there leaks?

• Air Tanks—drain water from all air tanks. Make sure the drain cocks are closed. This procedure is also required for air suspension tanks equipped with automatic drain valves.

• See page 72 System.”

for further details on “Using the Brake

8. Steps and Handholds—check for worn surfaces and loose or missing fasteners.

9. Fluid Tanks—check underneath the vehicle for signs of fluid leaks. If any are found, correct before operating the vehicle.

10. Fuel Tank Caps—are they secure?

WARNING! Diesel fuel in the presence of an ignition source (such as a cigarette) could cause an explosion. You could be seriously injured. A mixture of gasoline or alcohol with diesel fuel increases this risk of explosion.

•Do not remove a fuel tank cap near an open flame.

•Use only the fuel and/or additives recommended for your engine.

•See page 114

11. Trailer Connections (Tractor)—are they secure and the lines clear? If they are not being used, are they stored properly?

• Is the trailer spare wheel secure and inflated?

• Is the landing gear up and the handle secured?

12. Check the fifth wheel. Is the kingpin locked?

• Is the sliding fifth wheel locked?

for more information.

Medium Duty

(R10/06) Y53-6008 – 15 –

Start–Up Operating Instructions

Prestart — Daily

1. Seat—adjust the seat for easy reach of controls.

2. If your vehicle is equipped with an adjustable steering column, adjust the steering wheel to a comfortable position.

3. Mirrors—check and readjust mirrors if necessary.

4. Lights—turn ignition key to the IGN & ACC position and check for warning lights and buzzer. Check operation of turn signals and emergency lights.

5. Instruments—check all instruments.

6. Windshield—check operation of windshield wipers and washers.

7. Horn—check operation of horn.

8. Check fire extinguisher charge and road emergency kit.

9. Fuel—check fuel. Is there enough fuel?

10. Seat Belts—fasten and adjust safety restraint belts

Weekly Operations

1. Battery—check battery and terminals.

2. Wheel Cap Nuts—are they all in place and torqued properly—tighten if necessary. See “ Page 173.

3. Other Controls and Wiring—check for condition and adjustment.

4. Steering Components—check pitman arm, draglink, and power steering hoses, etc., for loose, broken, or missing parts.

5. Other Engine Compartment Checks

• Check condition and fastening of engine belt, hoses , clamps, and radiator.

• Check the air cleaner, muffler, and exhaust pipes. Are they tight and secure?

• After Engine Warm-up

– Automatic Transmission—check fluid level in the

automatic transmission oil (if equipped).

Wheel Cap Nut Torque,”

– 16 – Y53-6008

Medium Duty (R10/06)

Operating Instructions Start–Up

02599A

DASH INSTRUMENT PANEL

1 Headlight 6 Oil Pressure 11 Voltmeter (option) 2 Clearance Lights 7 Water Temperature 12 Air Pressure 3 Windshield Washer/Wiper 8 Speedometer 13 Transmission Temperature (option) 4 Panel Lights 9 Air Cleaner Restriction/Filter (option) 14 Warning Lamp Cluster 5 Tachometer 10 Fuel 15 Ignition Switch

02595-1A

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(R10/06) Y53-6008 – 17 –

Instruments and Controls Operating Instructions

INSTRUMENTS AND CONTROLS

Introduction

Your Medium Duty dashboard is shown on the opposite page.

The dash includes standard gauges and switches. Your vehicle may come with all or some of the switches and gauges discussed here. The location of switches on the dash will vary depending on the options ordered and how your vehicle was configured.

For your convenience, all gauges and their corresponding page numbers are listed here, see “ to the page listed to learn what each gauge does and how it should be used.

Index of Gauges”. Refer

Instrument Index

Table 1 Index of Gauges

GAUGE REFERENCE PAGE

Tachometer 22 Engine Oil Pressure 25 Engine Coolant Temperature 23 Speedometer 21 Air Cleaner Restriction (option) 30 Fuel Level 28 Voltmeter (option) 29 Air System Pressure 26 Transmission Temperature (option) 29

Warning Lights and Buzzer

Many vehicle systems are linked to the instruments on your instrument panel. Warning lights (in each instrument) may indicate something is wrong with one of the many vehicle systems. Check the lights frequently, and respond properly as soon as a light or buzzer comes on.

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Medium Duty (R10/06)

Operating Instructions Instruments and Controls

WARNING LAMP MODULE

Medium Duty

HIGH

BEAM

FIFTH WHEEL

LOAD

LIGHT

STOP

ENGINE

CHECK

ENGINE

CRUISE

CONTROL

DIFF LOCK

SPOT

LIGHT

WAIT

START

ENGINE

OIL

BRAKE

AIR

MIRROR

HEAT

LOW

WATER

FAN

ABS

VEHICLE WITH AIR BRAKES

CHECK TRANS

OIL

BRAKE

MIRROR

HEAT

LOW

WATER

ENGINE

FAN

HIGH BEAM

FIFTH WHEEL

LOAD LIGHT

STOP

ENGINE

CHECK

ENGINE

CRUISE

CONTROL

PARK

RANGE

SPOT

LIGHT

INHIBIT

VEHICLE WITH HYDRAULIC BRAKES

(R10/06) Y53-6008 – 19 –

Instruments and Controls Operating Instructions

Self Test

When you turn on your ignition, the following warning lights will turn on for 3 - 5 seconds, as a test to let you know they are working.

Diff Lock Trailer ABS Water Temp Left Turn Mirror Heat Load Light Brake Air (or Brake *) High Beam Fifth Wheel Right Turn Oil Pressure Engine Fan ABS Park * * Vehicle with hydraulic brakes only

WARNING! Do not ignore a warning light or buzzer. These signals tell you some thing is wrong with your vehicle. It could be a failure in an important system, such as the brakes, which could lead to an accident. Have the appropriate system checked immediately.

The buzzer will sound continuously as long as:

• Engine temperature is above the specified range

• Air pressure to the service brakes is low

• Engine oil pressure is low

• There is a problem in the hydraulic brake system

If the buzzer sounds while driving, or if a light comes on, do the following:

1. Slow down carefully.

2. Move a safe distance off the road and stop.

3. Set the parking brake. (See Pages 68 mission shifting and parking brake information.)

4. If the engine is overheating do not turn it off, see page 23; otherwise, for other conditions turn the engine OFF.

5. Turn on the emergency flasher and use other warning devices to alert other motorists.

and 74 for trans-

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Medium Duty (R10/06)

Operating Instructions Instruments and Controls

WARNING! Do not operate the vehicle if the BRAKE warning lamp illuminates or the buzzer sounds. The vehicle should not be oper ated until the system is repaired. Failure to respond to a brake warning (lamp or buzzer) could result in an accident and/or severe injury.

Speedometer and Odometer

The speedometer indicates the vehicle speed in miles per hour (MPH) and in kilometers per hour (km/h).

The odometer records the distance traveled by the vehicle, either in miles or kilometers, depending on which unit is installed in the vehicle.

Speedometer (MPH-km/h)

02587

Medium Duty

(R10/06) Y53-6008 – 21 –

Instruments and Controls Operating Instructions

Tachometer

The vehicle's tachometer measures the engine speed in revolutions–per–minute (rpm). Watching the tachometer is important to driving efficiently. It will let you match driving speed and gear selection to the operating range of your engine. If the engine speed gets too high, you can select a higher gear to lower the rpm's. If the engine speed drops too low, you can select a lower gear to raise the rpms. See page 99 for further instructions on driving techniques and using the

HOURMETER

(OPTION)

Tachometer

02586

tachometer.

• To avoid engine damage, do not let the pointer exceed maximum governed speed.

• When driving downhill, shift to a lower gear and use the service brake, keeping the engine speed below the maximum governed speed.

The hour meter (option) records the time in hours the engine is operating.

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Medium Duty (R10/06)

Operating Instructions Instruments and Controls

Coolant (Water) Temperature Gauge

The water temperature gauge shows the temperature of the engine coolant. Under normal operating conditions the water temperature gauge should register between 165 and 205°F (74 and 90°C). Under certain conditions, somewhat higher temperatures may be acceptable. The maximum allowable temperature is 210°F (99°C) with the cooling system pressurized, except for cer tain special engines. Check the engine manual to be sure.

02580

Water Temperature Gauge

Engine Overheating

The cooling system may ov erheat if the coolant level is below normal or if there is sudden loss of coolant, such as a split hose. The system may also temporarily overheat during severe operating conditions such as:

• Climbing a long hill on a hot day

• Stopping after high–speed driving

If the Engine Coolant Temperature (“WATER”) warning light comes on and the audible alarm sounds showing an overheat condition, or if you have an y other re ason to suspect the engine may be overheating, DON'T TURN OFF THE ENGINE unless the “LOW WATER” warning light also comes on, indicating a loss of coolant. Instead, follow these steps:

A. Reduce engine speed or stop. When stopped, place the

transmission in Neutral and set the parking brake. See Pages 68

and 74 for transmission shifting and parking

brake information.

B. Check to ensure that the oil pressure gauge reads nor-

mal.

C. Increase the engine speed to about one–half of full oper-

ating speed, or 1100 to 1200 rpm, maximum.

Medium Duty

(R10/06) Y53-6008 – 23 –

Instruments and Controls Operating Instructions

D . Return the engine speed to normal idle after two or three

minutes.

E. Monitor the engine temperature. After the temperature

returns to normal, allow the engine to idle 3 to 5 minutes before shutting it off. This allows the engine to cool gradually and uniformly.

• If the overheating came from severe operating conditions, the temperature should have cooled by this time.

FILL

02604

Coolant Expansion Tank

F. Check the level of coolant in the coolant expansion tank

(engine compartment, right side.)

WARNING! Removing the radiator fill cap while the engine is hot can be dangerous. Never remove the caps of the expansion tank while the engine is still hot; you could be badly burned.

•Scalding steam and fluid under pressure may escape and cause serious personal injuries.

•Wait until the coolant temperature is below 122°F (50°C).

•Protect your face, hands, and arms by covering the cap with a large, thick rag to protect against escaping fluid and steam.

WARNING! Carefully and slowly turn cap one turn to allow excess pressure to escape, then push down and turn for final removal.

G. See page 143

for instructions on checking and filling the

coolant expansion tank.

– 24 – Y53-6008

Medium Duty (R10/06)

Operating Instructions Instruments and Controls

WARNING! To reduce the chance of personal injury and/or vehicle damage due to engine overheating, never leave the engine idling without an alert driver present. If the engine should overheat, as indicated by the engine coolant temperature light, immediate action is required to correct the condition. Continued unattended operation of the engine, even for a short time, may result in serious engine damage or a fire.

For further details on engine operation, see the Engine Operation and Maintenance Manual in the glove compartment of

your vehicle.

Engine Oil Pressure Gauge

It is important to maintain oil p ressure within acceptable limits. If oil pressure drops below the minimum psi a Red Warning Lamp on the oil pressure gauge and the Stop Engine Warning Lamp will come ON.

For further information on engine oil and normal operating pressures, see the Engine Operation and Maintenance Man- ual.

Medium Duty

(R10/06) Y53-6008 – 25 –

02585

Engine Oil Pressure Gauge

CAUTION: Continuing to operate your vehicle with insufficient oil pressure will cause serious engine damage.

• If the oil pressure fails to rise within 10 seconds after the engine starts, stop the engine and determine the cause.

• Check the engine manufacturer's manual for the correct oil pressure ranges for your vehic le's engine.

• If the oil pressure suddenly drops, or the audible alarm and engine oil pressure warning light come on while driving, do the following:

1. Slow down carefully.

2. Move a safe distance off the road and stop.

Instruments and Controls Operating Instructions

3. Place the transmission in park and set the parking brake. (See Pages 68

and 74 for transmission

shifting and parking brake information.)

4. Turn OFF the engine.

5. Turn ON the emergency flasher and use other

FRONT

SECONDARY

SERVICE

CIRCUIT

(WHITE)

warning devices to alert other motorists.

6. Wait a few minutes to allow oil to drain into the engine oil pan, and then check the oil level. (See page 139

7. Add oil if necessary. If the problem persists, contact an Authorized Service Center.

For further information on operating your engine properly, see page 58

for details on checking oil level.)

02581

Dual Air Pressure Gauge (Air Reservoir)

REAR PRIMARY SERVICE

CIRCUIT

(ORANGE)

If the pressure in either or both circuits is too low for normal

Dual Air Pressure Gauge (Air Reservoir)

The dual air pressure gauge indicates the amount of air pressure in the brake system in pounds per square inch (psi). The WHITE pointer shows the front (secondary service) reservoir air pressure, and the ORANGE pointer indicates pressure in the rear (primary service) reservoir.

brake operation (below 64 psi), a warning light in the panel will glow and the audible alarm will sound.

WARNING! If the light and alarm do not turn off at start-up, do not try to drive the vehicle until the problem is found and fixed.

– 26 – Y53-6008

Medium Duty (R10/06)

Operating Instructions Instruments and Controls

WARNING! If the air pressure falls below 60 psi (414 kPa) the spring brakes may stop the vehicle abruptly, which could result in an accident and/ or injuries. Observe the warning light in the panel. If it comes on, do not continue to drive the vehicle until it has been properly repaired or serviced.

WARNING! The air pressure warning light and the audible alarm indicate a dangerous situation: there is not enough air pressure in the reservoirs for repeated braking and the brake system has failed. Without the use of your service brakes, your spring brakes could suddenly apply. This could cause a wheel lock-up, loss of control, or over-take by following vehicles. You could be in an accident and severely injured.

•Bring the vehicle to a safe stop right awa y, while you still have control of the vehicle.

Air Loss Emergency Procedure

1. Slow down carefully.

2. Move a safe distance off the road and stop.

3. Place the transmission in park and set the parking brake. (See Pages 68 ing brake information.)

4. Turn OFF the engine.

5. Turn ON the emergency flasher (See “ Flasher Switch” on page 55) and use other warning devices to alert other motorists.

and 74 for transmission shifting and park-

Emergency

Medium Duty

(R10/06) Y53-6008 – 27 –

Instruments and Controls Operating Instructions

Fuel Gauge

The fuel gauge shows the approximate amount of fuel in the fuel tanks. Besides empty and full, the gauge also indicates 1/4, 1/2 and 3/4 of total fuel capacity.

02584

Fuel Gauge

Your truck has one main fuel tank and up to four optional tanks. The fuel gauge shows the total amount of fuel. It is a good idea to keep fuel tanks at least half–full; otherwise, water that condenses in an empty tank will contaminate the fuel and could damage the engine.

WARNING! Do not carry additional fuel containers in your vehicle. Fuel container s, eit her full or empty, may leak, explode, and cause or feed a fire. Do not carry extra fuel containe rs, even empty ones are dangerous.

WARNING! Do not remove a fuel tank cap near an open flame. Hot fuel vapors are combustible and can cause an explosion or fire resulting in injury or death.

See page 114

for more information.

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Medium Duty (R10/06)

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