Peterbilt Aftertreatment Service Manual

Contents

Safety

Emergency

Controls

Driving

Maintenance

Information

Index

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Contents

©2010PaccarInc-AllRightsReserved

Thismanualillustratesanddescribestheoperationoffeaturesorequipmentwhichmaybeeitherstandardoroptionalon
thisvehicle.Thismanualmayalsoincludeadescriptionoffeaturesandequipmentwhicharenolongeravailableorwere
notorderedonthisvehicle.Pleasedisregardanyillustrationsordescriptionsrelatingtofeaturesorequipmentwhichare
notonthisvehicle.

PACCARreservestherighttodiscontinue,changespecications,orchangethedesignofitsvehiclesatanytimewithout
noticeandwithoutincurringanyobligation.

TheinformationcontainedinthismanualisproprietarytoPACCAR.Reproduction,inwholeorinpart,byanymeansisstrictly
prohibitedwithoutpriorwrittenauthorizationfromP ACCARInc.

SAFETY

Safety

AboutThisManual...........1-3

SafetyAlerts..............1-4

Illustrations...............1-6

1

1-1

Safety

Safety

AboutThisManual

Pleasetakethetimetogetacquainted
withyourvehiclebyreadingthis
Operator’sManual.Werecommend
thatyoureadandunderstandthis
manualfrombeginningtoendbefore
youoperateyourtruck.Thismanual
explainsthesafe,efcientoperation
andmaintenanceofyourvehicle.

NOTE:Afteryou’vereadthis
manual,itshouldbestoredin
thecabforconvenientreference
andremainwiththistruckwhen
sold.

Yourvehiclemaynothaveallthe
featuresoroptionsmentionedinthis
manual.Therefore,youshouldpay
carefulattentiontotheinstructions
thatpertaintojustyourvehicle.In
addition,ifyourvehicleisequipped
withspecialequipmentoroptions

notdiscussedinthismanual,consult
yourdealerorthemanufacturerofthe
equipment.Allinformationcontained
inthismanualisbasedonthelatest
productioninformationavailableatthe
timeofpublication.PACCARreserves
therighttomakechangesatanytime
withoutnotice.

1

1-3

Safety

SafetyAlerts

1

Pleasereadandfollowallofthe
safetyalertscontainedinthismanual.
Theyarethereforyourprotection
andinformation.Thesealertscan
helpyouavoidinjurytoyourself,your
passengers,andhelppreventcostly
damagetothevehicle.Safetyalerts
arehighlightedbysafetyalertsymbols
andsignalwordssuchas"WARNING",
"CAUTION",or"NOTE".Pleasedonot
ignoreanyofthesealerts.

WARNING

WARNING:

Thesafetymessagefollowingthis
symbolandsignalwordprovidesa
warningagainstoperatingprocedures
whichcouldcauseinjuryorevendeath.
Theycouldalsocauseequipmentor
propertydamage.Thealertwillidentify
thehazard,howtoavoidit,andthe
probableconsequenceofnotavoiding
thehazard.

Example:

WARNING:Donotcarry
additionalfuelcontainersin
yourvehicle.Fuelcontainers,
eitherfullorempty,mayleak,
explode,andcauseorfeeda
re.Donotcarryextrafuel
containers.Evenemptyones
aredangerous.Failureto
complymayresultindeath,
personalinjury,equipmentor
propertydamage.

1-

4

Safety

CAUTION

CAUTION:

Thesafetyalertfollowingthissymbol
andsignalwordprovidesacaution
againstoperatingprocedureswhich
couldcauseequipmentorproperty
damage.Thealertwillidentifythe
hazard,howtoavoidit,andthe
probableconsequenceofnotavoiding
thehazard.

Example:

CAUTION:Continuingto
operateyourvehiclewith
insufcientoilpressure
willcauseseriousengine
damage.Failuretocomply
mayresultinequipmentor
propertydamage.

NOTE

NOTE:

Thealertfollowingthissymboland
signalwordprovidesimportant
informationthatisnotsafetyrelated
butshouldbefollowed.Thealert
willhighlightthingsthatmaynotbe
obviousandisusefultoyourefcient
operationofthevehicle.

Example:

NOTE:Pumpingtheaccelerator
willnotassistinstartingthe
engine.

1

1-5

Safety

Illustrations

1

GeneralInformation

Someoftheillustrationsthroughout
thismanualaregenericandwillnot
lookexactlyliketheengineorparts
usedinyourvehicle.

1-6

AftertreatmentSystem(ATS)

Introduction..............3-3

DieselParticulateFilter(DPF)System

Introduction..............3-4

ControllingtheRegenerationProcess...3-4

Functionality/NoticationInformation...3-6

DPFRegeneration..........3-11

StopanAutomaticorParkedRegeneration3-13

IdlinginFreezingT emperatures.....3-14

SelectiveCatalyticReduction(SCR)System

Introduction.............3-16

CONTROLS

3

3-1

AftertreatmentSystem(ATS)

AftertreatmentSystem
(ATS)

Introduction

TheAftertreatmentSystem(A TS)
onyourvehicleismadeupoftwo
systems:

1.DieselParticulateFilter(DPF)
System

2.SelectiveCatalyticReduction
(SCR)System

Theyfullltwoprimaryfunctions;
particulatereduction&nitrogenoxide
(NOx)reduction.

Thissectionofthemanualdescribes
howtointeractandcontrolthesetwo
systems.SeetheINFORMA TION
sectionstartingonpage6-1ofthis
manualformoredetailedinformation
abouttheaftertreatmentprocessand
itscomponents.

3

3-3

DieselParticulateFilter(DPF)System

DieselParticulateFilter
(DPF)System

Introduction

TheDPFsystemconsistsofa
Hydrocarbon(HC)Doser,aDiesel
OxidationCatalyst(DOC),andaDPF .
TheDPFlterssoot

3

WhenactivatedtheHCDosersprays
asmallamountofdieselfuel(theHC)
intotheexhaust.Thecatalystinthe
DOCreactswiththeHCtogenerate
heat.Theheatisusedtoclean
(regenerate)theDPFbyreducingthe
trappedsoottoash.

outoftheexhaust.

Controllingthe RegenerationProcess

Yourvehicleisequippedwitheither
atwo-positionorthree-position
RegenerationSwitch,mountedonthe
dash.

Ifequippedwithatwo-position
RegenerationSwitch,thedriver
caninitiateaParkedRegeneration
whencertainoperatingconditionsare
suitableforregeneration,however,
youwillNOTbeabletoStopa
regenerationiftheATShasinitiated
oneautomatically .Referto"Parked

Regenerationonpage3-11"

Ifyourvehicleisequippedwitha
three-positionRegenerationSwitch,
thedrivercancontroltheregeneration
byoverridingtheA TSwhencertain
operatingconditionsarenotsuitable
forregeneration.

AutomaticorParkedRegenerationon
page3-13"

Referto"Stopan

WARNING:Ifyouoperate
inenvironmentsthat
containexplosivevapors
orammablematerials,
looktoseeifyour
vehicle’sRegeneration
Switchisequippedwith
aSTOPfunction.The
STOPfunctionmustbe
activatedpriortoentering
theaboveenvironment(s)
topreventautomaticengine
regenerationfromoccurring,
whichcouldcausean
explosionorre.Failureto
equipyourvehiclewiththe
properswitch(function)or
failingtoactivatetheSTOP
functionbeforeenteringa
combustibleenvironment
maycauseanexplosionor
rethatcouldleaddeath,
personalinjury,equipmentor
propertydamage.

3-

4

DieselParticulateFilter(DPF)System

NOTE:ToobtainaRegeneration
SwitchwithaSTOPfunction,
contactyournearestauthorized
PACCARdealertoobtain
theproperswitchand
reprogrammingofyourengine’s
ECU.

Two-PositionRegenerationSwitch

Two-PositionRegenerationSwitch

NOTE:Referto"DPF

Regenerationonpage3-1 1

"forinstructionsonhowtostart
orstopaATSregeneration
(three-positionswitchonly).

Start

DepressingthebuttonintheST ART
directionforatleast4-8secondswill
initiateaparkedregeneration.

Three-PositionRegenerationSwitch

Three-PositionRegenerationSwitches

Start

DepressingthebuttonintheST ART
directionforatleast4-8secondswill
initiateaparkedregeneration.

Center(threepositionswitchonly)

NOTE:Duringnormalvehicle
driving,theregenerationswitch
mustbeintheCENTER
position.

CENTERisthenormalpositionof
theswitch.Unlessyouaremanually
initiatingaparkedregenerationor
intentionallystoppingaregeneration,

3

3-

5

DieselParticulateFilter(DPF)System

theswitchshouldbeinthisposition.
Placingtheswitchinthecenterposition
willallowanautomatic
occurifconditionsallow.

Stop(threepositionswitchonly)

WhenSTOPispressedthesystemwill
notregenerateunderanyconditions.

3

CAUTION:Donotleavethe
switchintheSTOPposition
unlessyouneedtocancelor
stoparegeneration.Running
theenginewiththeswitchin
theSTOPpositionwillresult
inincreasedsoot
theDPFandcouldeventually
causetheenginetoderate.

regenerationto

levelsin

AftertreatmentSystemWarning
Lamps

ATSspecicwarninglampsand
indicatorsymbolsarelocatedonthe
maingaugecluster.

DieselParticulate
Filter(DPF)Warning

LampSymbol

HighExhaustSystem
Temperature(HEST)
WarningLamp

Symbol

Functionality/Notication
Information

TheA TSwillregeneratetheDPFby
usinghotexhaustgasesnormally
generatedbytheengine.This
typicallyoccursduringhighway
operation,isreferredtoasa"Passive"
Regeneration
theoperationofthevehicle.

Occasionally,theexhaustgases
arenothotenoughforpassive
regeneration.Whenthisoccurs,
theA TSwillregeneratetheDPFby
increasingtheexhausttemperature.
Thisisreferredtoasan"Automatic
Regenerationandisalsotransparent
tovehicleoperation.AnAutomatic
Regenerationeventtypicallylasts30
minutes.Duringandshortlyafterthe
event,theexhaustgasesfromtheDPF
mayreachtemperaturesinexcessof
650°C(1200°F).Seetheinformation
inthetablebelowonprobablecauses
andrecommendedactionsrelated

,andistransparentto

"

3-

6

tothewarninglampsandindicator
symbolsoftheATS.

TheA TSmaynotbeabletoregenerate
theDPFwhenthevehicleisdrivenat
extendedlowspeedsorwithfrequent
startandstops.Insuchcases,
warninglampsandindicatorsymbols
willalerttheoperatortotakeaction.
Theoperatorshouldbeawareof
whetherthelampsareonaloneorin
combinationwithothers.Thefollowing
tablewilldescribeeachwarning
lamp(s)andwhatactionsareneeded
fromtheoperator.

DieselParticulateFilter(DPF)System

3

3-

7

DieselParticulateFilter(DPF)System

NoticationofHighExhaustSystemT emperature:

3

WarningIndicator

HESTlampon

Anyoneorcombinationofthese

ConditionOperatorActions

conditions:

•Exhaustoutlettemperature
iselevatedabovenormal(at
least450°C/842°F)and
vehicleslowsbelow5mph/
8kph.

•Normaldrivingbutengineis
underheavyloading.

•AutomaticRegenerationin
process

•ParkedRegenerationin
process

Followallwarningslistedbelow.UsetheSTOPfunctionoftheRegenerationSwitchif
thesituationrequires.Followtheinstructionsdescribedunder"StopanAutomaticor

ParkedRegenerationonpage3-13".

WARNING:Temperatureofthetailpipe,exhaustpipe,dieselparticular
lter(DPF),selectivecatalyticreduction(SCR)deviceandsurrounding
componentsincludingenclosuresandsteps,willbeelevatedduringand
shortlyafteraregenerationeventornormalvehicleoperationwhenengine
isunderhighorheavyloading.IftheHighExhaustSystemTemperature
(HEST)warninglampison:

•Donotparkinanareaofcombustiblevaporsormaterials.Youmust
keepcombustiblesatleastve(5)feetawayfromtheexhaust(outlet)
steam(asitexitsthetailpipe)whiletheHESTlampisilluminated.
Alwaysparkyourvehicleoutside.Failuretodosocouldignitean
explosionorharmbystanderswhichcouldresultinseriousinjury.

•Donotparkinanareawherepeoplearecloseby.Youmustkeep
combustiblesatleastve(5)feetawayfromtheexhaustoutletwhile
theHESTlampisilluminated.Failuretodosocouldresultinserious
injury.

•Temperatureofthetailpipe,exhaustpipes,dieselparticularlter
(DPF),selectivecatalyticreduction(SCR)deviceandsurrounding
componentsincludingenclosuresandstepsbecomeselevatedduring
engineoperationoranyregenerationeventandcancauseserious
burnstotheskin.Allowadequatecoolingtimebeforeapproaching,
workingonornearanypartoftheexhaustsystemorsurrounding
components.

3-8

NoticationThatRegenerationIsRequired:

DieselParticulateFilter(DPF)System

Warning

Level

1

DPFlampon

2

DPFlampashes

Warning

Indicators

ThesootlevelintheDPFisabove
thedesiredlevelandrequires
regeneration.

ThesootlevelintheDPFcontinues
tostayabovethedesiredleveland
requiresregeneration.

ConditionOperatorActions

TheDPFrequiresregenerationsoon.Followtheinstructions
describedunder"DPFRegenerationonpage3-1 1".

NOTE:Ifyouignorethewarninglampanddonot
initiateregenerationatthesoonest,safestpossible
time,theDPFwillbecomeincreasinglycloggedwith
sootandcanleadtoengineshutdown.

RegeneratetheDPFassoonassafelypossible.Followthe
instructionsdescribedunder"DPFRegenerationonpage3-11
".

CAUTION:Ifyoudonotinitiateregeneration
aftertheDPFwarninglampbeginstoash,you
onlyhaveashorttimebeforetheCheckEngine
lampwillilluminateandtheenginewillgointoa
protectionmodeandderatepower.

3

3-9

DieselParticulateFilter(DPF)System

Warning

Level

3

DPFlampashes

3

CheckEnginelampon

4

DPFlampashes(MXengine
only)

StopEnginelampon

Warning

Indicators

Thesoot
tostayabovethedesiredleveland
requiresregeneration.

Theenginewillderatepowerifaction
isnottaken.

ThesootlevelintheDPFisnowatfull
capacity.

Theenginewillderatepowerandif
theengineisnotanMX,itwillbegina
shutdownsequence.

Whenshutdownsequenceiscomplete,
thesystemwillallowarestart.

ConditionOperatorActions

levelintheDPFcontinues

NOTE:Theengineshutdown
sequenceisenginespecic;
thereforetolearnhow
thissystemworksonyour
vehicle,refertotheEngine
Manufacturer’sOperationand
MaintenanceManualsupplied
withyourvehicle.

RegeneratetheDPFimmediately.Followtheinstructions
describedunder"ParkedRegenerationonpage3-1 1".

CAUTION:Ifyoudonotinitiateregeneration
aftertheDPFwarninglampbeginstoashand
theCheckEnginelampison,youonlyhave
ashorttimebeforetheStopEnginelampwill
illuminateandtheenginewillautomaticallybegin
toshutdown.

NOTE:Undersomeconditionsafterprolonged
stationaryidling,aparkedregenerationmaybe
requiredwithoutalevel1orlevel2warning.

Atthispoint,youCANNOTregeneratetheDPF .T akeyour
vehicletoanAuthorizedP ACCARDealertohavetheDPF
removed.Theywilleitherhavetocleanitorreplacedit.

WARNING:IftheStopEnginewarninglamp
illuminates,itmeansyouhaveaseriousengine
systemproblem.Thisshouldbeconsideredan
emergency.Youshouldstopthevehicleassafely
aspossibleandturnOFFtheignition.Thevehicle
mustbeservicedandtheproblemcorrected
beforedrivingagain.Failuretocomplymayresult
indeath,personalinjury,equipmentorproperty
damage.

3-10

DieselParticulateFilter(DPF)System

DPFRegeneration

Carefullyreadthefollowinginstructions
toregeneratetheDPF .Ifyouhaveany
problemsordifcultiescontactyour
nearestauthorizedPACCARdealerfor
assistance.

TheA TSrequiresconditionstypically
foundinhighwaydrivingtoregenerate
theDPF .IftheDPFwarninglampis
illuminated,theeasiestoptionisto
assisttheATSbyproceedingtothe
nearesthighway .

•Selectahighwaythathasaposted

legalspeedofmorethan35mph.

•DriveyourvehicleuntiltheDPF

lampgoesoff.Thismaytake30­45minutesofspeedsgreaterthan
20mph(32kph).

Ifyouroperationorplannedroutein
theimmediatefuturelimitsyourability
toreachhighwayspeeds,proceed
tothenextsectiontitledParked
Regeneration.

ParkedRegeneration

Inverylimitedapplicationsor
operationstheDPFmustbe
regeneratedbyinitiatingaParked
Regeneration.Followtheseseven
stepstoinitiateaParkedRegeneration:

1.Pullthevehicleovertoasafe
location.

2.Ensurenooneisintheimmediate
vicinitytothetailpipe.

3.Maintainaminimumof5feet
ofclearancetoanycombustible
materialsfromtheedgeandtop
ofthevehicle.

WARNING:Parkingthe
vehicletooclosetoany
combustiblematerialsor
vaporsmaystartare,
igniteanexplosionor
burnsomeonestanding
closeby.Beforepushing
theRegenerationswitch
onthedash,walkaround

yourvehicleandensure
youhaveatleastve
(5)feetclearancefrom
thesidesandtopof
yourvehicletoany
combustibles.Ensureno
oneisintheimmediate
vicinitytothetailpipe.
Failuretocomplycould
igniteareorcausean
explosion,resultingin
death,personalinjury,
equipmentorproperty
damage.

WARNING:Neverinitiate
aregenerationinaclosed
buildingorenclosure.
Alwaysparkyourvehicle
outsideandensureno
oneisintheimmediate
vicinity.Failuretocomply
couldigniteareorcause
anexplosion,resulting
indeath,personalinjury,

3

3-

11

DieselParticulateFilter(DPF)System

equipmentorproperty
damage.

NOTE:Typicaloperation
areasormaterialsthatcan
containexplosivevapors,
ammablematerialsor
peopleincloseproximityof

3

thevehicleare:

•Fueldepots

•Grainelevators

•Drygrass,leavesor
trees

•Transferrefuse
stations/dumps

•Parkinglots

•Load/unloadterminals

NOTE:Whilethelist
abovemayappear
comprehensive,itisyour
responsibilitytotakethe
necessaryprecautions
andbeawareofyour

4.Verifythatthefollowingconditions

surroundingsandensure
thatnocombustibles
(materialsorvapors)or
bystandersareclose
bybeforeinitiatinga
regeneration.

aremetbeforeproceeding.A
ParkedRegenerationwillnot
initiateifanyoftheseconditions
arenotmet:

°Parkingbrakeisapplied/set
°Engineisatlowidle
°DPFwarninglampis

illuminatedorashing

°Coolantisatoperating

temperature

°Nothrottle,brakeorclutch

applied

°PTOisdisengaged
°Transmissionisinneutral
°Cruisecontrolswitchisoff

°Enginebrakeswitchisoff

5.Getoutandwalkallaround
vehicletoensurethatthevehicle
isatleast5feetawayfromall
combustiblematerialsandnoone
isintheimmediatevicinity.

6.Climbbackintothevehicle.

7.PushtheRegeneration(START)
Switchlocatedonthedashforat
least4-8secondstoinitiatea
ParkedRegeneration.

RegenerationSwitch

3-12

DieselParticulateFilter(DPF)System

NOTE:Acknowledgment
thataParkedRegeneration
hasinitiatedwillvaryby
engine.Themostpredominant
acknowledgementtoyouwillbe
anincreaseinengineRPMand
overallenginenoise.

NOTE:AParkedRegeneration
maytake30ormoreseconds
toinitiateastheATSsystem
conductsvariousself-checks
toverifyallthesystem
requirementshavebeen
met.

Ifyouareunabletoinitiatea
ParkedregenerationandtheDPF
warninglampisilluminated,contact
yournearestPACCARdealerfor
assistance.

StopanAutomaticorParked Regeneration

NOTE:Theinformationinthis
sectiononlyappliestovehicles
equippedwithathree-position
EngineRegenerationSwitch
withaSTOPposition.

IfanAutomaticorParkedRegeneration
isinprocessandyouwantthe
regenerationtostop,ORyouwantto
preventaregenerationfromoccurring,
yourvehicleisequippedwithaswitch
thatcanSTOPanAutomaticorParked
Regeneration.SinceAutomatic
Regenerationscanoccuratanytime,
youmustdepresstheSTOPportion
oftheRegenerationSwitchANYTIME
youplantodriveyourvehicleinto
abuilding,enclosureorareawhere
theactivationofaregenerationisnot
allowed.Iftheregenerationdoesnot
stop,turnthevehicleignitionOFF .

WARNING:Neverallowan
Automaticregenerationto
automaticallystartwhile
insideabuildingsuchas
aservicebay,shopor
buildingofanykind.Any
timeyouareparkingyour
vehicleinsideabuildingor
enclosure,ALW A YSpressthe
Regeneration(STOP)switch
priortoenteringthebuilding.
Failuretocomplycouldignite
areorcauseanexplosion,
resultingindeath,personal
injury,equipmentorproperty
damage.

WARNING:Neverinitiatea
ParkedRegenerationina
closedbuildingorenclosure.
Alwaysparkyourvehicle
outside.Failuretocomply
couldigniteareorcausean
explosion,resultingindeath,
personalinjury,equipmentor
propertydamage.

3

3-

13

DieselParticulateFilter(DPF)System

WARNING:Ifyouoperate
inenvironmentsthat
containexplosivevapors
orammablematerials,
looktoseeifyour
vehicle’sRegeneration
Switchisequippedwith
aSTOPfunction.The

3

STOPfunctionmustbe
activatedpriortoentering
theaboveenvironment(s)
topreventautomaticengine
regenerationfromoccurring,
whichcouldcausean
explosionorre.Failureto
equipyourvehiclewiththe
properswitch(function)or
failingtoactivatetheSTOP
functionbeforeenteringa
combustibleenvironment
maycauseanexplosionor
rethatcouldleadtodeath,
personalinjury,equipmentor
propertydamage.

NOTE:ToobtainaRegeneration
SwitchwithaSTOPfunction,
contactanauthorizedPACCAR
dealertoobtaintheproper
switchandreprogrammingof
yourengine’sECU.

IdlinginFreezing Temperatures

Idlingtheenginefor3ormorehours
infreezingtemperaturescausesthe
buildupofsoot
DPF.Extraheatisrequiredtooxidize
thesootandmoisturebyusingthe
followingmethods:

andmoistureinthe

•DPFRegeneration:

IftheDPFLampturnsonfollow
theinstructionsdescribedunder"

DPFRegenerationonpage3-11".

NOTE:Ifyouignorethe
warninglampanddonot
initiateregenerationatthe
soonest,safestpossible
time,theDPFwillbecome
increasinglycloggedwith
soot

andcanleadtoengine

shutdown.

3-14

DieselParticulateFilter(DPF)System

•PACCARMXEngine:

CAUTION:IftheDPFlamp
hasnotturnedon,raise
theenginespeedto1200
RPMandruntheengine
fanfor10minuteswhile
parked.Failuretowarm
uptheDPFinthisgradual
mannercoulddamage
theDPFrequiringittobe
replaced.

•PACCARPX-6andPX-8Engines

andCumminsISLEngine:

RegardlessiftheDPFlampis
onoroff,theenginespeedwill
automaticallyincreaseto1000
to1 100RPMandremainatthis
speedfor10minutes.
Ifnecessary,theRPMscan
beloweredbydepressingthe
throttle,clutch,orbrakepedal.
Iftheenginecontinuestoidle
theaftertreatmentsystemwilltry
againtoraisetheidlespeeduntil

theaftertreatmenttemperatures
aresuitable.

3

,

3-15

SelectiveCatalyticReduction(SCR)System

SelectiveCatalytic
Reduction(SCR)System

Introduction

TheSCRsystemconsistsofaDiesel
EmissionsFluid(DEF)Doser
aSCRCatalyst.TheDEFDoser
spraysasmallamountofDEFintothe

3

exhaust.TheSCRcatalystreactswith
theDEFtobreakdowntheNitrogen
Oxides(NOx)intheexhaustinto
nitrogenandwatervapor.

DieselExhaustFluid(DEF)Gauge

and

1

2

DEFisconsumableandneedstobe
replenishedsomonitortheDEFlevel
gaugeasyouwouldthefuellevel
gauge.

TheDEFwarninglampwillilluminate
forthefollowing3reasons:

1.DEFLevelWarning:Towarn
youtorelltheDEFtank.There

DEFSymbol

DEFWarningLamp

are4stagestothiswarning(see
DEFLevelWarningtableonpage

3-18).

CAUTION:IftheDEF
warninglampturnson
duetotheDEFlevel,rell
theDEFtank.Failure
torellmaycausethe
enginetoderateandlimit
vehiclespeed.

2.DEFQuality:Iftheengine
detectsthatDEFqualityisbelow
acceptablelevels.Thereare3
stagestothesewarnings(see
DEFQualityWarningtableon

page3-19).

CAUTION:IftheDEF
warninglampturnson
duetoDEFQuality,see
Contamination/Incorrect
Fluidonpage6-11for
correctiveaction.Failure
tocorrectmaycausethe

3-

16

enginetoderateandlimit
vehiclespeed.

SelectiveCatalyticReduction(SCR)System

3.SCRSystemT ampering
youiftheenginesystemdetects
failuresthatmaybetheresultof
tamperingwiththeSCRsystem.
Thereare3stagestothiswarning
(seeSCRSystemT ampering
Warningtableonpage3-20).

CAUTION:IftheDEF
warninglampturnson
duetoSystemTampering,
seeyourauthorized
PACCARdealertohave
thisrepaired.Failure
torepairthesystem
maycausetheengineto
derateandlimitvehicle
speed.

:towarn

3

3-

17

SelectiveCatalyticReduction(SCR)System

DEFLevelWarning

Warning

Level

WarningsIndicators

ConditionEffectonEngine

0None

1

DEFWarningLampon

DEFLevelgreater

than10%(1/8tank)

DEFLevelat10%

(1/8tank)

None

None

3

2

DEFWarningLamp

ashing

3

DEFWarningLamp

ashing

4

DEFWarningLamp

ashing

CheckEngineLamp

CheckEngineLamp

on

MILLamp

on

(NotonMXengine)

on

StopEngineLamp

maybeon

3-18

DEFLevelbetween

emptyand10%

DEFLevelempty

(1/8tank)

DEFLevel

almostempty

None

Enginepower

derated

Enginepower

deratedand/or

vehiclespeed

signicantly

limited

SelectiveCatalyticReduction(SCR)System

DEFQuality

Warning

Level

0None

1

DEFWarningLamp

2

DEFWarningLamp

3

DEFWarningLamp

on

(MXengineonly)

ashing

(MXengineonly)

ashing

(MXengineonly)

(NotonISXEngine)

CheckEngineLamp

CheckEngineLamp

WarningsIndicators

on

on

on

MILLamp

(ISXengineonly)

MILLamp

(ISXengineonly)

MILLamp

(ISXengineonly)

on

on

on

StopEngineLamp

maybeon

ConditionEffectonEngine

NoQualityIssue

QualityIssue

Detected

Detected

+10hours

Detected

+20hours

None

3

None

Enginepower

derated

Enginepower

deratedand/or

vehiclespeed

signicantly

limited

3-19

SelectiveCatalyticReduction(SCR)System

SCRSystemTampering

Warning

Level

0None

3

1

DEFWarningLamp

2

DEFWarningLamp

3

DEFWarningLamp

on

(MXengineonly)

ashing

(MXengineonly)

ashing

(MXengineonly)

CheckEngineLamp

CheckEngineLamp

CheckEngineLamp

WarningsIndicators

MILLamp

on

on

on

(ISXengineonly)

MILLamp

(ISXengineonly)

MILLamp

(ISXengineonly)

on

on

on

StopEngineLamp

maybeon

ConditionEffectonEngine

NoT ampering

Issue

Tampering

Detected

Detected

+10hours

Detected

+40hours

None

None

Enginepower

derated

Enginepower

deratedand/or

vehiclespeed

signicantly

limited

3-20

Information

Introduction..............6-3

TamperingwithAftertreatmentSystem...6-4

DieselParticulateFilter(DPF)System

Overview...............6-5

SelectiveCatalyticReduction(SCR)System

Overview...............6-7

DieselExhaustFluid(DEF)

RecommendationsandSpecications..6-8

Storage................6-9

Handling...............6-10

Disposal...............6-11

Contamination/IncorrectFluid......6-11

Freezing...............6-12

INFORMATION

6

6-1

Information

Information

Introduction

TheAftertreatmentSystem(A TS)
onyourvehicleismadeupoftwo
systems:

1.DieselParticulateFilter(DPF)
System

2.SelectiveCatalyticReduction
(SCR)System

Theyfullltwoprimaryfunctions;
particulatereduction&nitrogenoxide
(NOx)reduction.

Thissectionofthemanualprovides
moredetailedinformationabout
theaftertreatmentprocessandits
components.

6

6-3

Information

Tamperingwith AftertreatmentSystem

Theaftertreatmentsystemforyour
vehicleasinstalledfromthefactory
wasspecicallydesignedtomeetthe
emissionsrequirementsoftheUS
EnvironmentalProtectionAgencyand
CaliforniaAirResourcesBoard.Any
changesofcomponentlocationsor
modicationsofanyaftertreatment
systemcomponentsmayreducethe
emissioneffectivenessandyoumay
besubjecttonesundertheUnited
StatesCleanAirAct.

6

6-4

DieselParticulateFilter(DPF)System

DieselParticulateFilter
(DPF)System

Overview

TheDPFsystemconsistsofa
Hydrocarbon(HC)Doser,aDiesel
OxidationCatalyst(DOC),andaDPF.

ThecomponentsoftheDPFsystem
performthefollowingfunctions:

•TheATSinletandoutletadapt

thevehicleexhaustpipingtothe
ATS,andalsoprovideamounting
locationfortheaftertreatmentgas
temperaturesensors.

•TheDPFdifferentialpressure

sensormeasurestherestriction
acrosstheDPF .

•TheDPFlterssootoutofthe

exhaust.

•WhenactivatedtheHCDoser

spraysasmallamountofdiesel
fuel(theHC)intotheexhaust.The

catalystintheDOCreactswith
theHCtogenerateheat.Theheat
isusedtoclean
DPFbyreducingthetrappedsoot
toash.

(regenerate)the

•Sootiscomposedofthepartially

burnedparticlesoffuelthatoccur
duringnormalengineoperation
(blacksmoke).

•Overtime,bothsootandash

accumulateintheDPFandmust
beremoved.Sootisremovedby
aprocesscalledregeneration.
Ashisremovedbyremovingthe
DPFandcleaningitatspecied
intervals.

•AvehiclewithaDPFhasupto

twoadditionalindicatorlampson
thedashboard.Thetwoadditional
lamps,alongwiththecheck
enginelamp,alerttheoperatorof
thestatusoftheDPF .

CAUTION:Donotsubmerge
orallowwatertoentertheDPF
assembly.Componentsofthe
assemblycanbedamaged
andeffecttheperformance
oftheaftertreatmentsystem.
Failuretocomplymayresult
inequipmentorproperty
damage.

NOTE:Refertoyourengine
manufacturer’sOperator’s
Manualfordieselparticulate
lter(DPF)maintenance
information.

NOTE:Refertoyourvehicle
orenginemanufacturer’s
Operator’sManualforadditional
informationontheengine
indicatorlamps.

6

6-

5

DieselParticulateFilter(DPF)System

NOTE:Ultralowsulfurdiesel
(ULSD)fuelisrequiredfor
enginesequippedwithan
aftertreatmentdieselparticulate
lter.IfULSDisnotused,
theenginemaynotmeet
emissionsregulations,andthe
DPForaftertreatmentdiesel
oxidationcatalyst(DOC)canbe
damaged.

6

6-6

SelectiveCatalyticReduction(SCR)System

SelectiveCatalytic
Reduction(SCR)System

Overview

TheSCRsystemiscomposedof
severalmaincomponents:

1.DieselEmissionsFluid(DEF)
Controller

2.DEFDosingUnit

3.DEFDosingValve

4.SCRCatalyst

NOTE:Itisunlawfultotamper
with,modify,orremoveany
componentoftheSCRsystem.
Itisalsounlawfultouse
DEFthatdoesnotmeetthe
specicationsprovidedorto
operatethevehicle/equipment
withnoDEF .

DEFisrequiredforanengineequipped
withaSCRsystem.DEFisauidthat

issprayedintotheexhaustgaspriorto
theSCRcatalyst.TheDEFvaporizes
anddecomposestoformcarbon
dioxideandammonia.Theammonia
reactswiththeNOxemissionsoverthe
aftertreatmentSCRcatalysttoform
nitrogenandwater.

DEF:

•mayhaveaslightammoniasmell

•iscolorless

•isnon-toxicandnon-polluting

•isnon-ammable

6

7

6-

SelectiveCatalyticReduction(SCR)System

DieselExhaustFluid(DEF)
Recommendationsand
Specications

WARNING:Itisunlawful
totamperwithorremove
anycomponentofthe
aftertreatmentsystem.Itis
alsounlawfultouseaDiesel
ExhaustFluid(DEF)thatdoes
notmeetthespecications
providedortooperatethe
vehicle/equipmentwithno
DieselExhaustFluid(DEF).

WARNING:DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)containsurea.
Donotgetthesubstancein
youreyes.Incaseofcontact,
immediatelyusheyeswith

6

largeamountsofwaterfor
aminimumof15minutes.
Donotswallowinternally.In
theeventthedieselexhaust
uidisingested,contact

aphysicianimmediately.
ReferencetheMaterials
SafetyDataSheet(MSDS)for
additionalinformation.

CAUTION:Neverattemptto
createDieselExhaustFluid
(DEF)bymixingagricultural
gradeureawithwater.
Agriculturalgradeureadoes
notmeetthenecessary
specicationsrequiredand
theaftertreatmentsystem
maybedamaged.

PACCARIncrequirestheuseofDEF
meetingISO22241-1.ThereisNO
acceptablesubstitute.

NOTE:Somelocationsmay
referencetheDIN70070
standard.DEFspecication
limitsofthisstandardare
identicaltoISO22241-1.

PACCARIncisnotresponsiblefor
failuresordamageresultingfrom

whatP ACCARIncdeterminestobe
abuseorneglect,includingbutnot
limitedto:operationwithoutcorrectly
speciedDEF;lackofmaintenance
ofaftertreatment;improperstorage,
orshutdownpractices;unauthorized
modicationsoftheengineand
aftertreatment.PACCARisalsonot
responsibleforfailurescausedby
incorrectDEForbywater,dirtorother
contaminantsintheDEF .Referto
yourengineandvehicleoperator’s
manualsformaintenance,storage,
andshutdowninformation.

ForenginesusingSCRoperatingin
theUnitedStatesandCanada,itis
recommendedthattheDEFusedbe
certiedbytheAmericanPetroleum
Institute(API).

NOTE:T oensurethecorrect
DEFisused,PACCARInc
recommendstheuseofTRP
CleanBlueDieselExhaustFluid
whichisavailableindifferent

6-

8

SelectiveCatalyticReduction(SCR)System

quantityoptionsfromsmallto
bulkcontainers.

•DEFisreadilyavailableattruck

stopsandatallPACCAREngine
dealers.Forassistancelocating
DEFcontactyourlocalPACCAR
authorizedrepairlocation.

•IfyourvehicleisoutofDEF

andyouareunabletolocatea
sourcetopurchaseDEF ,please
contactthevehicleOEMcustomer
carecenteratthetelephone
numberprovidedinthevehicle
operator’smanual.Thevehicle
OEMcustomercarecenterwillbe

abletocontactthenearestdealer
locationtoyouandarrangeforan
emergencyshipmentofDEFto
yourlocation24hoursaday.

Thefollowingareothercommon
namesusedforDieselExhaustFluid
(DEF):

•AUS32(AqueousUreaSolution

32)

•AdBlue

•NOxReductionAgent

•CatalystSolution

RegardlessofwhattheDEFiscalled,
theDEFmustmeettheISO22241-1
specications.

Storage

NOTE:Thefollowinginformation
isforreferenceandistobe
usedasaguidelineonly.
Therearemanyfactorsthat
determineDieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)shelflife,with
temperatureanddurationbeing
twoofthemajordetermining
contributors.Ifindoubt,
replacetheuidwithknown
qualityDEF .DEFhasalimited
shelflife,bothinthevehicle’s
dieselexhaustuidtankand
instorage/bulk/transportation
containers.

Thefollowingconditionsareidealfor
maintainingDEFqualityandshelflife
duringprolongedtransportationand
storage:

•Storagetemperaturebetween

23°Fand77°F(-5°Cand25°C)

6

6-

9

SelectiveCatalyticReduction(SCR)System

•Storeinsealedcontainerstoavoid

contamination

•Avoiddirectsunlight

Intheseconditions,DieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)hasaminimumexpected
shelflifeof18months.Ifstoredat
highertemperaturesforextended
periodsoftime,theshelflifewill
bereducedbyapproximately6
monthsforevery5°C(9°F)above
thehigheststoragetemperature
listedabove.Longtermstorageina
vehicle(inexcessof6months)isnot
recommended.

NOTE:T oassistinpreventing
DEFfromdeterioratingwhen
storedinthevehicle’sDEF
tank,locateandplugthe

6

tank’sventingtosealthetank
exposuretotheatmosphere.

Handling

CAUTION:IfDieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)isspilledon
metalsurfaces(forexample
thesteps,fueltanksorgrab
handles)rinseandclean
immediatelywithwater.
Failuretodosomayleave
permanentcorrosivestains
onthemetalsurfaceswhich
cannotberemoved.

•Makesuretoonlyuseapproved

containerstotransportand
storeDEF .Containersmadeof
polyethyleneandpolypropylene
arerecommended.

•IfDEFisspilled,rinseandclean

immediatelywithwater .

•Avoidprolongedcontactwithskin.

Incaseofcontact,washwith
immediatelywithsoapandwater.
Ifnotwashedimmediately,when
theDEFdries,awhitelmwillbe

leftthatcanbemoredifcultto
washoff.

NOTE:SpilledDEFifleftto
dryorwipedawaywithacloth
onlywillleaveawhiteresidue.
FailuretocleanthespilledDEF
mayresultinanincorrectly
diagnosedleakoftheDEF
Dosingsystem.

Beforeusingcontainers,funnels,
etc.thatwillbeusedtodispense,
handleorstoreDEF ,makesure
towashthoroughlytoremoveany
contaminantsandthenrinsewith
distilledwater.

NOTE:Donotusetapwaterto
rinsecomponentsthatwillbe
usedtodeliverdieselexhaust
uid.Tapwaterwillcontaminate
theDEF .Ifdistilledwaterisnot
available,rinsewithtapwater
andthenrinsewithDEF .

6-

10

SelectiveCatalyticReduction(SCR)System

Disposal

IfdisposingofDieselExhaustFluid
(DEF),alwayscheckwiththelocal
authorityregulationsonproper
disposingprocessandrequirements.

Contamination/Incorrect Fluid

CAUTION:Neveraddwateror
anyotheruidbesideswhat
isspeciedtotheDEFtank.
Theaftertreatmentsystem
maybedamaged.

Intheeventthattheincorrectuid
isaddedtotheDieselExhaustFluid
tank,suchas,butnotlimitedto:

•Water

•DieselFuel

•HydraulicFluid

•Coolant

•WindshieldWasherFluid

ContactalocalPACCARAuthorized
Repairlocationtodeterminethe
appropriaterepairdirection.Ifonly
waterhasbeenaddedtotheDEFtank,
draintheDEFtank,ushwithdistilled
waterandrellwithnewand/orknown
goodDEF .

6

6-

11

SelectiveCatalyticReduction(SCR)System

Freezing

CAUTION:TheDieselExhaust
Fluid(DEF)systempurges
topreventdamagefrom
freezing.Ifyourvehicle
isequippedwithbattery
disconnectswitchesdo
NOTdisconnectbattery
powerwithintwominutesof
switchingtheignitionkey
off.Failuretocomplymay
resultinvehicleorproperty
damage.

CAUTION:DoNOTaddany
chemicals/additivestothe
DieselExhaustFluid(DEF)in
anefforttopreventfreezing.
Ifchemicals/additivesare

6

addedtotheDEF ,the
aftertreatmentsystemmaybe
damaged.

DEFwillfreezearound-12°C(11°F).
TheDEFsystemonthevehicleis
designedtoaccommodatethisand
doesnotrequireanyintervention.

6-12

Index

Index

A

AboutThisManual1-3
AftertreatmentInformation

aftertreatmentinletandoutlet6-5
alternateDEFnames6-9
contaminationorincorrect
uid6-11
DEFcontroller6-7
DEFdosingunit6-7
DEFdosingvalve6-7
dieseloxidationcatalyst6-5
dieselparticulatelter6-5
dieselparticulatelter(DPF)
differentialpressuresensor6-5
freezing6-12
indicatorlamps6-5
recommendationsand
specications6-8
regeneration6-5
SCRcatalyst6-7

selectivecatalyticreduction
(SCR)6-7
soot6-5
storage,handlinganddisposal6-8
ultralowsulfurdiesel(ULSD)
fuel6-6

AftertreatmentSystem(ATS)3-3,6-3

dieselparticulatelter(DPF)
system3-4,6-5

AftertreatmentSystemDescription

DPFregeneration3-11
functionality/notication
information3-6
highexhaustsystem
temperature3-8
noticationthatregenerationis
required3-9
parkedregeneration3-11
regeneration(START)switch3-12
stoppinganautomaticorparked
regeneration3-13

AftertreatmentSystemT ampering6-4
AftertreatmentSystemWarning

Lamps3-6

dieselparticulatelter(DPF)
warninglampsymbol3-6
highexhaustsystemtemperature
(HEST)warninglampsymbol3-6

AutomaticRegeneration3-4

C

Caution1-5
Cleaning3-4,6-5
Consumerinformation6-3
Contamination/IncorrectFluid6-1 1
ControllingtheRegeneration

Process3-4

regenerationswitch
(three-position)3-5
regenerationswitch
(two-position)3-5
warninglamps3-6

Index-

7

1

Index

Controls

aftertreatmentsystem(ATS)3-3
controllingtheregeneration
process3-4
DEFlevelwarningtable3-18
DEFquality3-19
dieselparticulatelter(DPF)
system3-4
DPFregeneration3-11
functionality/notication
information3-6
highexhaustsystem
temperature3-8
noticationthatregenerationis
required3-9
parkedregeneration3-11
regeneration(START)switch3-12
regenerationswitch
(three-position)3-5
regenerationswitch
(two-position)3-5
SCRsystem3-16
SCRsystemtampering3-20
stoppinganautomaticorparked

7

regeneration3-13

three-positionregeneration
switch3-4
two-positionregeneration
switch3-4
warninglamps3-6

D

DEFLevelWarningT able3-18
DEFQuality3-19
DieselExhaustFluid

alternateDEFnames6-9
contaminationorincorrect
uid6-11
disposal6-11
freezing6-12
handling6-10
recommendationsand
specications6-8
storage6-9

DieselExhaustFluid(DEF)

Gauge3-16

DieselExhaustFluid(DEF)

Recommendationsand
Specications6-8

DieselParticulateFilter(DPF)

System3-3,3-4,6-5

dieseloxidationcatalyst(DOC)3-4
DPF3-4
hydrocarbon(HC)doser3-4

DieselParticulateFilter(DPF)Warning

LampSymbol3-6

Disposal

dieselexhaustuid6-11
Doser3-4,3-16,6-5
DPFRegeneration3-11

F

Freezing6-12
Functionality/Notication

Information3-6

G

GeneralInformation1-6

H

Handling

dieselexhaustuid6-10

Index-

2

Index

HighExhaustSystemT emperature

(HEST)WarningLampSymbo3-6

HighExhaustSystemT emperature

Notication3-8

Hydrocarbon(HC)3-4,6-5

I

Idle3-10
IdlinginFreezingT emperatures3-14
Illustrations1-6
Information

aftertreatmentdescription6-3

N

Note1-5
NoticationofHighExhaustSystem

Temperature3-8

NoticationThatRegenerationIs

Required3-9

P

ParkedRegeneration3-11
PassiveRegeneration3-6

R

Regeneration(START)Switch3-12
RegenerationIsRequired

Notication3-9

RegenerationSwitch

three-position3-5
two-position3-5

S

Safety

aboutthismanual1-3
cautionexample1-5
generalinformation1-6
illustrationsexample1-6
introduction1-3
noteexample1-5
safetyalerts1-4

warningexample1-4
SafetyAlerts1-4
SCRSystemTampering3-20
SelectiveCatalyticReduction(SCR)

System3-16,6-7

dieselexhaustuid(DEF)

gauge3-16
Soot3-4,6-5

Specications

dieselexhaustuid(DEF)6-8

StopanAutomaticorParked

Regeneration3-13

Storage

dieselexhaustuid6-9

Switches

regenerationswitch
(three-position)3-5
regenerationswitch
(two-position)3-5

T

Tampering

AftertreatmentSystem6-4
SCR3-17

Three-PositionRegeneration

Switch3-5

Two-PositionRegenerationSwitch3-5

W

Warning1-4

7

Index-3