BendixKing KMD 150 Pilots Guide

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KMD 150

Multifunction Display/GPS

Pilot’s Guide

Rev 4 Apr/2005

006-18220-0000

Software Revision 1.21 or Higher

The information contained in this manual is for reference use only. If any information contained herein conflicts with similar information contained in the Airplane Flight Manual Supplement, the information in the Airplane Flight Manual Supplement shall take precedence.

WARNING

The enclosed technical data is eligible for export under License Designation NLR and is to be used solely by the individual/organization to whom it is addressed. Diversion contrary to U.S. law is prohibited.

rights reserved.

Reproduction of this publication or any portion thereof by any means without the express written permission of Honeywell International Inc. is prohibited. For further information contact the Manager, Technical Publications; Honeywell Business & General Aviation; One Technology Center; 23500 West 105th Street; Olathe, Kansas 66061. Telephone: (913) 712-0400.

Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

DEFINITIONS, ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2

Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2

Acronyms and Abbreviations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

GENERAL INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

SOFT KEYING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

SELECTABLE GPS DATA SOURCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

STORMSCOPE®OPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

SCREEN ICONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

OBSTACLE LABELS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

TERRAIN AND URBAN AREAS DISPLAY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

MEMORY LOCATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

GETTING STARTED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

INITIALIZING YOUR UNIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

SOFTWARE STRUCTURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

SELECTING DEMO MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

DATABASE SELECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

A QUICK WORD ON DIRECT TOS AND FLIGHT PLANS . . . . . . . . . . . .20

VISUAL DIRECT TO AND DATA INTERROGATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

DIRECT TO A SPECIFIC LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE . . . . . . . . . . . . .21

MANUAL DIRECT TO AND DATA INTERROGATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22

EDITING/CREATING A USER WAYPOINT MANUALLY . . . . . . . . . . . . .22

EDITING/CREATING A USER WAYPOINT VISUALLY . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

SAVING A USER WAYPOINT IN FLIGHT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23

SELECTING STORMSCOPE MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

Rev 3 Aug/2004

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EDITING/CREATING A FLIGHT PLAN MANUALLY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

EDITING/CREATING A FLIGHT PLAN VISUALLY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

SELECTING A FLIGHT PLAN TO FLY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

SELECTING A MAP MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

VIEWING ETAS, DIRECT-TO ON FLIGHT PLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

TEN NEAREST SEARCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

SETUP MAP FUNCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

SETUP OF NAVIGATION FUNCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

CLEAR MEMORY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

TITLE AND HELP SCREENS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

SELF TEST AND INITIALIZATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

MAIN MENU SCREEN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

NOTE PAD SCREEN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

GPS STATUS SCREENS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

ADJUSTING TIME AND DATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

SETTING LOCAL TIME OFFSET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

SETTING PRESENT POSITION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41

DATA INPUT (EXTERNAL GPS MODE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43

DISPLAY OF HOST FLIGHT PLAN DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43

Bendix/King Data Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43

NMEA and Northstar data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44

FLIGHT PLANNING SCREENS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45

USER WAYPOINTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45

Basic User Waypoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45

Marker User Waypoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45

User Defined Airports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46

VIEWING USER WAYPOINTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47

Rev 2 Oct/2002

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MANUAL USER WAYPOINT EDITING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48

GRAPHICAL USER WAYPOINT EDITING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49

EDITING USER AIRPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50

FLIGHT PLANS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50

MANUAL FLIGHT PLAN BUILDING AND EDITING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51

MANUALLY INSERTING A WAYPOINT INTO A FLIGHT PLAN AND

MANUAL DIRECT TO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53

Selecting Data Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53

Selecting Item From Chosen Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54

GRAPHICAL VIEWING AND EDITING OF FLIGHT PLANS . . . . . . . . . . .56

MAP MODE SCREENS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59

DATA INTERROGATION AND GRAPHICAL DIRECT TO . . . . . . . . . . . .61

Airport Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62

Navaid Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62

General Icon Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63

Airspace Interrogation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63

NAV MENU SCREENS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65

SELECTING A FLIGHT PLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67

TEN NEAREST AIRPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68

NAVAIDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70

MAP MODE WITH NAV INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73

VIEWING ENROUTE ETA'S, PERFORMING A DIRECT-TO ON TOP

OF FLIGHT PLAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75

Performing A Direct-To On Top of A Flight Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75

Performing a DIRECT TO a point not in the active Flight Plan. . . . . .75

ARRIVAL AT AN ENROUTE WAYPOINT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76

ARRIVAL AT YOUR FINAL DESTINATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77

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ALTERNATIVE MAP MODES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78

Large Text Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78

CDI Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78

E6-B CALCULATOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81

DENSITY ALTITUDE/TAS/WINDS ALOFT CALCULATOR . . . . . . . . . . .81

To Calculate Density Altitude (DALT) and True Airspeed (TAS) . . . .81

To Calculate Winds Aloft (WIND) and Headwind/Tailwind

Component (COMP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82

VERTICAL NAVIGATION (VNAV) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82

TRIP/FUEL PLANNING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84

SUNSET/SUNRISE CALCULATOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86

SETUP SCREENS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87

MAP SETUP SCREENS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87

Settings Available . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88

NAV MODE SETUP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92

PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (PIN) SETUP . . . . . . . . . . . . .94

Auto Power-On Lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96

INSTALLATION AND DIAGNOSTIC SCREENS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97

Screen Position Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97

View Logs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98

Engineering Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98

GPS Receiver Information Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98

Clear Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99

Data In/Out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100

External GPS Data Input Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101

Output Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102

Rev 2 Oct/2002

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STORMSCOPE®OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105

INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105

Cell Display Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106

Strike Display Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106

STORMSCOPE®MODE FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106

ANATOMY OF A THUNDERSTORM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107

Stages of a Thunderstorm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108

Cumulus Stage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108

Mature Stage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109

Dissipating Stage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109

THE WX-500 AND WEATHER RADAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109

OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110

Power-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110

Continuous and Operator-initiated Self Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110

Heading Stabilization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110

Clear all Discharge Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111

Switch Between Weather Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111

Switch Between WX Display Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111

Changing Display Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111

Operation in Stormscope®Mode with Nav Overlay . . . . . . . . . . . .112

Operation in Map Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112

Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113

Non-Fatal Faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114

Recoverable Faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114

Heading Related Faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114

Non-Recoverable Faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114

Fatal Faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114

Rev 3 Aug/2004

KMD 150 Pilot's Guide

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WEATHER DISPLAY INTERPRETATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115

Radial Spread . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .116

Typical Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .116

Three Clusters Within the 200nm Range Ring . . . . . . . . . . . . . .116

Two Clusters Within the 200nm Range Ring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119

Mapping Headings Past Thunderstorms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .120

Range Set at 200nm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .120

Aircraft Progresses 100nm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121

Range Changes to 100nm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .122

Aircraft Turns to Avoid Thunderstorms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123

Special Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124

Randomly Scattered Discharge Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124

Cluster and Splattering Within 25nm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125

Discharge Points Off Aircraft’s Nose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126

Line of Discharge Points While Taxiing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .127

Developing Cluster Within the 25nm Range Ring . . . . . . . . . . .128

DEMO MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .129

STORMSCOPE

APPENDIX 1 - WARNING SCREENS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131

RAM LOST WARNING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131

MEMORY BATTERY WARNING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131

PIN LOCK WARNING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .132

LOCK OUT WARNING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .132

NEW DATABASE CARD WARNING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .133

Rev 3 Aug/2004

DEMO MODE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .130

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APPENDIX 2 - DATABASE CARDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135

DATA AREAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135

CHANGING THE DATABASE CARD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136

MINIMUM SAFE ALTITUDES (MSA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136

Flight Plan Building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136

During Flight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137

WORLD-WIDE ICAO CODES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137

APPENDIX 3 - HOW DOES GPS WORK? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147

WHAT IS GPS? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147

HOW DOES GPS WORK? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147

ACCURACY AND RELIABILITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .149

APPENDIX 4 - DIFFERENTIAL FUNCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151

WHAT IS DGPS? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151

HOW DOES DGPS WORK? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151

USE OF DGPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152

APPENDIX 5 - DATABASE INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153

DATABASE CYCLE INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153

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SCREEN INDEX

Screen 1: Title Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

Screen 2: Main Menu Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

Screen 3: GPS Status Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

Screen 4: Date and Time Adjustment Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

Screen 5: Local Time Offset Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

Screen 6: Present Position Setup Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41

Screen 7: Flight Planning Mode Cover Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47

Screen 8: User Waypoint Viewer Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47

Screen 8A: User Airfield Edit Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50

Screen 9: Manual User Waypoint Edit Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48

Screen 10: View and Edit User Waypoints on the Map Screen . . . . . . . .49

Screen 10A: View Map Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41

Screen 11: Flight Plan Selection Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50

Screen 12: Flight Plan Program/Edit Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51, 68

Screen 13: Database Selection Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53

Screen 15: Temporary Waypoint Input Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54

Screen 16: Item Selection Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54

Screen 19: View and Edit Flight Plans On Map Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56

Screen 20: Demo Mode Setup Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .129

Screen 21: Setup Cover Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87

Screen 22 : Map Customization Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87

Screen 22A: Point Features Data Class Setup Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90

Screen 22B: Line Features Data Class Setup Screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91

Screen 22C: Airspace Data Class Setup Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91

Screen 23: NAV Mode Customization Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92

Screen 24: PIN Setup Cover Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94

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Table of Contents

Screen 25: PIN Incorrect Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94

Screen 26: PIN Change & Power-On Lock Enable Screen . . . . . . . . . . . .95

Screen 27: PIN Change Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95

Screen 28: Installation and Diagnostics Cover Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97

Screen 30: Engineering Log Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98

Screen 31: GPS Receiver Information Screen (Internal GPS Units Only) 98

Screen 32: Memory Clear Entry Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99

Screen 33: Memory Clear Cover Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99

Screen 35: Data Input/Output Setup and Test Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100

Screen 35B: GPS Source Change Warning Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101

Screen 37: Aviation Interface Output Test Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102

Screen 38: Basic Map Mode Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59

Screen 39: Map Mode with Joystick Active Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61

Screen 40: Map Mode Airport Info Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62

Screen 40A: Map Mode Navaid Information Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62

Screen 40B: Airspace Information Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64

Screen 40C: Map Mode General Information Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63

Screen 41: NAV Menu Cover Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65

Screen 41A: View ETA's and Direct-To Screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75

Screen 42: Flight Plan Selection Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67

Screen 43: Ten Nearest Airfields Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68

Screen 44: Airport Information Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69

Screen 45: Ten Nearest Navaids Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70

Screen 46: Navaid Information Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70

Screen 47: Map Mode with NAV Information Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73

Screen 47A: Large Text & Map NAV Information Screen. . . . . . . . . . . . .78

Screen 47B: Large Text & CDI (Pseudo HSI) NAV Information Screen . .78

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Table of Contents

Screen 48: NAV Information and WTP IMMINENT Flags Showing -

Enroute Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76

Screen 49: NAV Information and TP IMMINENT Flags Showing -

Final Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77

Screen 50: Representation of Screen 47 Showing DEMO MODE Flag . .130

Screen 51: RAM Lost Warning Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131

Screen 52: Memory Battery Warning Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131

Screen 54: Power On Security PIN Entry Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .132

Screen 55: Lockout Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .132

Screen 56: Flight Plan Change Warning Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .133

Screen 57: E6-B Calculator Cover Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81

Screen 58: Density Altitude, True Air Speed & Winds Aloft Screen . . . . .81

Screen 59: VNAV Setup Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83

Screen 60: Trip / Fuel Flight Plan Select Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85

Screen 61: Sunset/Sunrise Calculator Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86

Screen 62: Notepad Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

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xii

KMD 150 Pilot's Guide

Introduction

INTRODUCTION

All of us at Honeywell congratulate you on choosing this product. You are now the owner of one of the most sophisticated yet simple-to-use Navaids available today. We understand you probably can’t wait to see it in action but before you try to use it do please take the time to read through this manual and understand its many interesting and useful features. Time spent in familiarizing yourself with your new KMD 150 unit will be more than repaid by trouble-free operation later, and more importantly safe and accurate navigation.

We have made the operation of this unit as intuitive as possible through the use of soft keying and on-screen help, thus reducing pilots’ dependence on the manual. You should very quickly find that handling it efficiently and expertly becomes second nature to you. Don’t be afraid to experiment. No matter which key you activate, your unit will not be damaged. If you do get into a mess, simply switch off and back on again to reset all functions. We must mention just one word of caution. Never

remove the database card while the unit is switched on and never attempt to switch the unit on when there is no database card installed.

We thank you for your decision to purchase a KMD 150 and wish you many happy and safe hours flying.

WARNING

The Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite constellation is operated by the Department of Defense (DOD) of the United States, which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. Although declared fully operational on July 17, 1995, the system is still under development and subject to changes that could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment.

Use this equipment at your own risk. Your new KMD 150 unit is a precision navigation aid but like any navaid it can be misused or misinterpreted and so become unsafe. You are strongly advised to read and fully understand this manual before using the equipment. If your unit has an internal GPS then a DEMO MODE or simulation facility exists that allows you to practice with it before you begin using it for actual navigation.

Whenever you are using the unit for navigation in the air you should treat it as a supplemental navigation system. You should always carefully compare indications from your KMD 150 unit with the information available from all other navigation sources including NDBs, VORs, DMEs, visual sightings, charts, etc. For safety, any discrepancies observed should be resolved immediately.

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Introduction

The altitude calculated by GPS equipment is geometric height above a theoretical mean sea level of a mathematically calculated ellipsoid that approximates to the shape of the earth. This altitude can differ significantly from that displayed by your pressure altimeter. You must therefore, NEVER USE GPS ALTITUDE FOR VERTICAL NAVIGATION OR

TERRAIN AVOIDANCE.

This equipment is not a replacement for your chart. It is intended as an aid to navigation only. The database within the equipment has been compiled from the latest official information available, and although every care has been taken in the compilation, the manufacturers will not be held responsible for any inaccuracy or omissions therein. NEVER USE

THE TERRAIN DISPLAYED ON THIS EQUIPMENT AS YOUR SOLE REFERENCE FOR TERRAIN AVOIDANCE.

DEFINITIONS, ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

DEFINITIONS

Alphabetic: any of the following characters (b/ is a space): b/ABCDE-

FGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ

Alphanumeric: any of the following characters (b/ is a space): b/ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789

Baud: bits per sec

Barometric Altitude: pressure altitude corrected for barometric

altimeter setting

Bearing To Waypoint: bearing from the present position to the active waypoint measured clockwise relative to true or magnetic north (true is implied unless magnetic is specified)

Cross Track Error: distance from the present position to the nearest point on the desired course, and the direction (right or left) from the desired course to the present position

Cursor Field: a character position or group of adjacent character positions on which a cursor can appear

Data Entry Field: A data entry field is an enterable data field where the ENTER, SET or SELECT button must be pressed before data entered in the field becomes effective. A data entry field can be a single or multiple character cursor field. During data entry, the active cursor field remains reverse video.

Data Field: a character position or group of adjacent character positions which display a single data item; a data field may be a single character cursor field, or may contain multiple characters.

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KMD 150 Pilot's Guide

Introduction

Data List: an ordered list of data elements which a given cursor field can accept

Desired Track: The angle that the desired flight path makes with respect to true north at the point nearest the present position. Magnetic desired track uses the local magnetic variation.

Destination: If the active waypoint is not in the active flight plan, the active waypoint is the destination. If the active waypoint is in the active flight plan, the final waypoint in the flight plan is the destination.

Distance To Waypoint (DIS): distance from the present position to the active waypoint

Enroute Safe Altitude: the highest minimum safe altitude which will be encountered for a given flight path (present position to destination, via flight plan if appropriate; or a flight path being analyzed by trip planning)

Ground Speed: absolute value of the rate of change of position

Headwind: difference between true airspeed and ground speed when

true airspeed is more than ground speed

Knots: Nautical Miles/hr

Minimum Safe Altitude: Minimum safe altitude is the highest minimum

off route altitude for any sector within a 10 nm square centered at a given position. A minimum off route altitude of 7000 feet or less clears all known obstructions and terrain in a sector by 1000 feet; a minimum off route altitude greater than 7000 feet clears all terrain by 2000 feet. A sector is an area bounded by a 1° latitude/longitude grid.

Scrolling Region: a set of consecutive cursor fields which display a portion of a scroll list; “scroll up” means that the data item in each cursor field in the scrolling region moves to the preceding cursor field. The data item in the first cursor field disappears from the page, and the last cursor field displays the next item in the scroll list; “scroll down” is the opposite. If there is other data associated with the data in the cursor fields (such as user waypoint numbers in flight plans), it also moves.

Selected Course: The angle that the desired flight path makes with respect to true north at the active waypoint. Magnetic selected course uses the magnetic variation at the active waypoint; if the active waypoint is a VOR, the magnetic variation stored for that VOR is used.

Special Use Airspace: any of the following: prohibited area, restricted area, warning area, alert area, MOA, Class CARSA, Class BTCA, unknown, danger, caution, training, CTA, or TMA type.

Standard Rate Turn: 3°/sec

Tailwind: difference between ground speed and true airspeed when

ground speed is more than true airspeed

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Introduction

Terminal Waypoints: waypoints that are duplicated within a country code or “unnamed” waypoints associated with an approach that are assigned to distinct airports

Time To Waypoint: distance to waypoint divided by ground speed

Track: angle of the aircraft’s path over the ground measured clockwise

relative to true or magnetic north (true is implied unless magnetic is specified).

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

AC: Alternating Current

ACT: Active (waypoint or flight plan)

ADF: Automatic Direction Finder

AGL: Above Ground Level

ANSI: American National Standards Institute

APT: Airport

ARTCC: Air Route Traffic Control Center

ASCII: American Standard Code for Information

Interchange

ATC: Air Traffic Control

ATF: Aerodrome Traffic Frequency

ATIS: Automatic Terminal Information Service

A/C: Aircraft

baud: or Baud Rate; a measurement of data transmission

speed

BRG: Bearing

CAA: Civil Aviation Authority

CAS: Calibrated Airspeed

com: communication

CDI: Course Deviation Indicator

CTA: Control Area

CTAF: Common Traffic Advisory Frequency

CTR: Control Zone

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KMD 150 Pilot's Guide

CTZ: Control Tower Zone

CWI: Continuous Wave Interference

dB: decibels

DC: Direct Current

DIS: Distance

DME: Distance Measuring Equipment

DOT: United States Department of Transportation

EFIS: Electronic Flight Instrument System

ELT: Emergency Locator Transmitter

ESA: Enroute Safe Altitude

ETE: Estimated Time Enroute

FAA: Federal Aviation Administration

FAR: Federal Aviation Regulations

FPL: Flight Plan

FPM: Feet Per Minute

Introduction

FSS: Flight Service Station

ft: feet

FT: Feet

G: Gravitational Acceleration = 32.2 ft/sec2 = 19.3

kt/sec2

GAL: Gallons

GPS: Global Positioning System

hr: hour

HSI: Horizontal Situation Indicator

Hz: Hertz

IAF: Initial Approach Fix

IAP: Instrument Approach Procedure

IEEE: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

IFR: Instrument Flight Rules

in.: inches

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Introduction

INT: Intersection

kHz: kilohertz

Kt.: Knots

KΩ: Kilohms

LAT: Latitude

LB: Pounds

LED: Light Emitting Diode

LON: Longitude

LONG: Longitude

LRU: Line Replaceable Unit

m: meters

mA: milliamperes

MATZ: Military Air Traffic Zone

MAHP: Missed Approach Holding Point

MAP: Missed Approach Point

mB: millibars

MF: Mandatory Frequency

MHz: Megahertz

mi: statute miles

min: minutes

MOA: Military Operation Area

MSA: Minimum Safe Altitude

MSL: Mean Sea Level

msec: milliseconds

NDB: Non-Directional Beacon

nm: Nautical Miles

NPA: Non Precision Approach

NVM: Non Volatile Memory

OBI: Omni-directional Bearing Indicator

OBS: Omni-directional Bearing Selector

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KMD 150 Pilot's Guide

PETE: Pointer ETE

PIN: Personal Identification Number

RAD: Radial

REF: Reference

RMI: Radio Magnetic Indicator

RTCA: Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics

SA: Selective Availability (intentional errors introduced

by the DOD)

SAT: Static Air Temperature

sec: seconds

SID: Standard Instrument Departure

SNR: Signal to Noise Ratio

STAR: Standard Terminal Arrival Route

SUP: Supplemental Waypoint

TAS: True Airspeed

TAT: Total Air Temperature

Introduction

TD: Time Difference

TMA: Terminal Control Area

TOPO: Topographical Data (i.e. coastlines, terrain, rivers,

lakes etc)

TSO: Technical Standard Order

UTC: Universal Coordinated Time (same as Greenwich

Mean Time)

V: Volts

VHF: Very High Frequency

VNV: Vertical Navigation

VOR: Very High Frequency Omni-directional Radio Range

VRP: Visual Reference Point

W: Watts

wpt: Waypoint

µsec: microsecond

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Introduction

µV: microvolts

Ω: Ohms

°C: degrees Celsius

°F: degrees Fahrenheit

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KMD 150 Pilot's Guide

General Information

GENERAL INFORMATION

This section of the manual explains how it should be used and provides you with an overview of the software architecture and screen presentation of your KMD 150 Multifunction Display/GPS.

This manual provides a detailed explanation of each of the individual screens that your KMD 150 unit displays, and will take you step by step through each of them. To simplify this process each Screen is numbered and indexed at the front of this manual for reference. For those users who wish to get stuck into operating the system immediately, the Quick Reference Section of the manual has been designed to get you up and running.

The operating system of the Bendix/King KMD 150 keeps to a minimum the number of key presses necessary to activate the various functions, especially those most frequently used in the air. The provision of a joystick makes it considerably simpler to operate the unit and allows you fast and efficient access to most functions.

1. Joystick

2. Function Keys

3. ON/OFF/Brightness Control

4. Full Color TFT Liquid Crystal Display

5. Database Card

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General Information

SOFT KEYING

You will notice that a label is drawn alongside each valid key. Whenever a new function is selected, by pressing a valid key, a new screen is displayed along with its new key labels. This capability of drawing key labels that are only applicable to a particular screen is referred to as ‘soft keying’, and allows one key to perform multiple functions without the complications of multiple key presses on a conventional keypad.

For the purpose of describing the function of a particular key in this manual, assume that all the keys on the pictured screen drawings are numbered 1 - 5 from top to bottom. The ensuing text will use this numbering sequence to refer to each specific key. The number shown alongside the pictured screen drawings refers to the number of the screen that is called when that key is pressed. By using these numbers it is possible to follow the paths through the operating system for all functions. If the word RET is printed next to a key, this means that after the key function is performed the same screen is RETurned. A good example of this is ZOOM IN. If the word RTS is printed next to a key, this means that after the key function is performed the previous screen is then displayed. All screen drawings show the KMD 150 running from it’s internal GPS receiver. Variations affecting the KMD 150 when connected to an external GPS are described in the accompanying text.

SELECTABLE GPS DATA SOURCE

The KMD 150 is available with or without an internal GPS receiver. The internal GPS version of KMD 150 has a built in eight channel parallel GPS (Mod 5 and above have 12 channel GPS) receiver but like the nonGPS version, can also accept data from an external source such as a Bendix/King KLN 89B if necessary. When set to internal GPS source, all waypoint and flight plan programming is carried out and executed on the KMD 150. When using the internal GPS receiver, the KMD 150 can also drive your autopilot and panel mounted indicators and annunciators.

If you have the non-GPS version of KMD 150 or if an external GPS source is selected for use with the full GPS version, all internal navigation options are inhibited on the KMD 150 and instead, the active flight plan and waypoints are imported directly from the host GPS. When using external GPS data, the KMD 150’s autopilot and annunciator outputs are disabled.

The navigation data source is always annunciated in Map Mode by a small label located in the upper left of the screen. This label will show INT NAV when using the internal GPS receiver and EXT NAV when using an external GPS or LORAN receiver.

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KMD 150 Pilot's Guide

General Information

STORMSCOPE™ OPTION

The KMD 150 has the ability to interface and control a L-3 Communications WX-500 Stormscope®‘black box’ thunderstorm sensor. The Stormscope®interface is switched on and off by using the joystick while displaying the Main Menu screen. When the Stormscope®interface is selected on, Key 1 on the main menu screen gives access to a dedicated Stormscope®screen. If selected in the Map Setup menus, lightning icons will also appear on the map screens along with a visual and aural warning that there are thunderstorms in your vicinity.

SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE

The software in your KMD 150 unit is tree structured. An analogy can therefore be drawn between the trunk of a tree and MAIN MENU. MAIN MENU is the heart of the operating structure and can be accessed by pressing the HELP key after switching on the unit or pressing the MAIN MENU key at any other time.

MAIN MENU has 5 main software branches, which in turn have their own sub software branches. The diagram above depicts the complete tree structure and will serve as a good point of reference while you are familiarizing yourself with your unit.

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General Information

GPS STATUS If using the internal GPS, this shows satellite signal strength, allows UTC, local offset, date and position to be set, which will speed up the initialization of your unit.

DATA I/O If using an external GPS, this shows the data input/output settings and status.

STORMSCOPE

shows a Stormscope®style display of the local thunderstorm activity.

FLIGHT PLAN Allows user defined user waypoints and flight plans to be edited/created.

EDIT FPLN Allows user defined flight plans to be edited /created either manually or visually.

USER WPTS Allows user defined user waypoints, airports and marker functions to be edited/created either manually or visually.

DEMO MODE Allows you to practice operating the unit on the ground using a built in simulator. This is available only on units with an internal GPS active.

NOTE PAD Allows up to 4000 characters of text, previously downloaded from a PC using Flight Manager(tm) software to be viewed. This key in only available if DEMO MODE is not running. DEMO MODE can only be selected from the first screen when switching on the unit.

If a WX-500 Stormscope®is interfaced; this

E6-B CALC Allows the E6-B Calculator to be used.

TAS/WIND

NAV

TRIP/FUEL

SUNSET/RISE

SETUP Allows Setup of map, navigation and input/output char-

acteristics.

MAP SETUP Allows all map functions to be customized, including map tracking, airport names, map units, map datum, language, minimum runway length/surface, extended track, auto zoom, map decluttering, logging rate, position reporting references and airspace alerting.

NAV SETUP Allows all the NAV functions to be customized, including CDI scale, CDI display, CDI alarm, arrival alarm, auto next leg/leg selection philosophy, turn anticipation and flightplan display.

Rev 4 Apr/2005

Allows density altitude, TAS and winds aloft to be calculated.

Allows vertical navigation to be Setup.

Allows fuel and trip information to be calculated.

Allows sunset and sunrise times to be calculated.

KMD 150 Pilot's Guide

General Information

PIN SETUP Allows the PIN security function to be Setup.

INST & DIAGS Allows installation and diagnostics for data input/output and GPS receiver (if fitted) to be performed. Flight logs can be viewed and various sections of memory can be cleared from here.

MAP This is the primary operating mode of the unit.

NAV MENU Accesses all navigation functions and MSA information.

Joystick toggles NAV Mode (only available if using internal GPS).

FLIGHT PLAN

NEAR APTS

NEAR NAVAID

SAVE WPT

MAP MENU Accesses all navigation functions and MSA information.

Joystick toggles MAP mode (only available if using external GPS).

NEAR APTS

NEAR NAVAID

Allows a Flight Plan to be selected and edited.

Allows emergency search of 10 nearest airports, providing information and DIRECT TO capability. Includes Jeppesen and user defined airports which satisfies the minimum runway length and surface requirements.

Allows emergency search of 10 nearest navaids (VORs and NDBs), providing information and DIRECT TO capability.

Allows your present co-ordinates to be saved in the

next available user waypoint number.

Allows emergency search of 10 nearest airports, providing bearing and distance information. Includes Jeppesen and user defined airports which satisfies the minimum runway length and surface requirements.

Allows emergency search of 10 nearest navaids (VORs and NDBs), providing bearing and distance information.

NEAR INTS

Rev 4 Apr/2005 KMD 150 Pilot's Guide

Allows search of 10 nearest intersections, providing bearing and distance information.

General Information

DIRECT TO Allows the user to perform a DIRECT TO any point in the internal or user defined database. It may also be used to obtain information on any point in the database.

There are short cuts that allow you to get to the primary operating mode, MAP mode, more easily; but in general if you wish to get to a specific function in another branch of software, work your way back up the present branch to MAIN MENU by pressing either the PREV PAGE or MAIN MENU keys. Then select the branch of software that contains the desired function you wish to access.

SCREEN ICONS

When showing any map screen - airports, navaids, towns, intersections, user waypoints and many other data classes are represented by symbols or icons, some of which are user selectable in the Map Setup Screens. Please refer to the Setup Screens Section of this manual for further details.

OBSTACLE LABELS

Obstacles (available in the AMR cartridge for the United States and some other regions) are labeled with two numbers. The first number is the height of the obstacle in FEET ABOVE MSL. The second number (in brackets) is the height of the top of the obstacle in FEET AGL. Obstacle data for many countries is included in your KMD 150. However, you should never rely on your KMD 150 as your sole source for obstacle information, and you should always check the relevant AIP and NOTAMs.

TERRAIN AND URBAN AREAS DISPLAY

On all map screens, the land is shaded to show rising ground in seven elevation levels similar to those seen on a paper chart. In addition, all

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KMD 150 Pilot's Guide

General Information

built up or urban areas are shaded light gray. The levels and colors for the terrain shading are:

TERRAIN

Color ATI Level AMR & PAI Level

Light Green Less Than 500 feet Less Than 1000 feet

Medium Green 501-1000 feet 1001-2000 feet

Dark Green 1001-2000feet 2001-3000 feet

Light Brown 2001-3000 feet 3001-5000 feet

Medium Brown 3001-5000 feet 5001-9000 feet

Dark Brown 5001-9000 feet 9001-13000 feet

White Greater Than 9001 feet Greater Than 13001 feet

A color key is displayed on the Nav Menu (or Map Menu if in External GPS Mode). This is just one key press away from the main Map screen so you can refer to it easily during flight.

By default, terrain data is displayed at all zoom levels. The display of terrain data can however be switched on and off at different zoom levels if desired. See the section covering the Map Setup screen for more details.

WARNING

The colored terrain elevation shown on the KMD 150 is only intended to aid visual navigation by providing a depiction of the terrain that may be visible. It is not intended for terrain avoidance. NEVER USE THE TERRAIN DISPLAYED ON THIS EQUIPMENT AS YOUR SOLE REFERENCE FOR TERRAIN AVOIDANCE.

MEMORY LOCATIONS

In the function descriptions, three types of memory, RAM, NVM and Memory Card are mentioned. You may find it useful to know where various types of information are stored in order to make best use of the equipment. The RAM (Random Access Memory) is built into the unit and is used to store all user-defined data such as waypoints and flight plans. The RAM is maintained by battery power from an internal Lithium cell, which should be replaced by your Honeywell dealer every three years to prevent loss of user-defined data. The NVM (Non Volatile Memory) is also built into the unit. It stores initialization data, serial number, PIN number and performance log details. This memory is nonvolatile, which means it is retained even if the memory battery is removed. If you choose to activate the PIN number security feature (similar to that available on many car radios) the non-volatile nature of the NVM ensures your PIN can not be tampered with or erased.

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General Information

The Memory Card is used to hold the operating system and the database. The Memory Card can be replaced periodically in order to upgrade the operating system and update the database.

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KMD 150 Pilot's Guide

Getting Started

GETTING STARTED

This section of the manual is designed to provide you with a quick reference guide into the operation of your Bendix/King KMD 150 unit; taking you step by step through the most common functions. If more detail is required, please refer to the appropriate sections in this manual. Where the KMD 150 is connected to an external GPS source, operation may differ slightly. These differences are explained in italic text after each paragraph.

INTRODUCTION

Your KMD 150 unit is operated via a joystick, a series of 5 soft keys, and a push/pull/rotary ON/OFF/brightness control. The joystick allows movement of the pointer in MAP mode and is used for all forms of data entry or selection. The appropriate key labels for a particular page are configured in software and drawn alongside the appropriate rubber key. The rotary brightness control is used for adjusting the brightness of your screen.

INITIALIZING YOUR UNIT

This procedure should have been carried out by your installer, but is included here for your reference. When outside of the hanger with a good all round view of the sky, the unit will achieve an initial position fix within 15 minutes. Ensuring that your GPS has rough UTC, date and position information can significantly speed up this process. To check this switch on the unit, select the HELP key followed by GPS STATUS.

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Getting Started

Altering UTC & DATE:

Select UTC & DATE, followed by ADJUST UTC. Use the joystick to adjust the time, then press SET. Now select ADJUST DATE and use the joystick to adjust the date, and then press SET followed by GPS STATUS.

Altering Present Position: Select SET

POSN, and use the joystick to adjust the latitude and longitude to your approximate position and then press SET. Alternatively select SET POSN and then VIEW MAP. Move the joystick on the map to your approximate position (using the ZOOM IN/ZOOM OUT keys where applicable). Once there select SET POSN.

When connected to an external GPS, the KMD 150 unit will self initialize.

SOFTWARE STRUCTURE

Since the software is tree structured, an analogy can be drawn between the trunk of a tree and MAIN MENU. This can be accessed after powering on the unit and pressing the HELP key. MAIN MENU has 5 main software branches, which are as follows:

GPS STATUS / STORMSCOPE®: Shows satel-

lite signal strength, allows UTC, Local Offset, Date and Position to be set. If the Stormscope®interface is switched on, shows Stormscope screen.

FLIGHT PLAN: Allows user defined waypoints and flight plans to be edited/created (not available in External GPS Mode).

NOTEPAD: Allows accesses to NOTEPAD and E6-B functions or turns off DEMO MODE. DEMO MODE can only be activated in the first power on screen.

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SET UP: Allows Setup of map, NAV, PIN and input/output characteristics.

MAP: This is the primary mode of the unit.

Stormscope®mode is switched on and off on this screen using the joystick.

As a rule, when trying to get to a specific function in another branch of software you should work your way back up the present branch to MAIN MENU by pressing the PREV PAGE or MAIN MENU keys. Then select the branch of software that contains the desired function you wish to access. There are, however, short cuts allowing you to get to the primary mode, MAP mode, more easily. GPS STATUS is replaced with DATA IN/OUT if the unit is set to receive external GPS data. In this case the unit will automatically be configured to accept data from the external GPS/LORAN.

SELECTING DEMO MODE

Demo Mode allows you to become familiar with handling your unit on the ground by turning it into a simulator. Demo Mode can only be activated in the first title screen, available at power on and will automatically be disabled if your unit receives valid GPS data. Press DEMO MODE in the title screen, and use the joystick to select the start LAT and LONG and the ground SPEED you wish to use. Alternatively you can press the DATABASE key and select a data point from the database as a start point (for more information on achieving this please refer to Database Selection in this section of the manual).

Once the desired LAT/LONG and SPEED is entered press START DEMO.

Demo Mode is not available if the unit is set to receive external GPS/LORAN data.

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DATABASE SELECTION

Both the internal waypoints (i.e. Jeppesen data, cities etc.) and user defined waypoints are stored in your unit in a series of databases. During normal use of your unit you will need to select items from these databases, whether it is to find out airport frequency information, or select a DIRECT TO point or when creating a Flight Plan. In each case the adjacent screen will appear. Use the joystick to highlight the database in which the desired item is contained and press SELECT.

The second stage in the selection process requires you to choose the desired item. This is achieved by using the joystick. Once the desired item is displayed press SELECT to select the item. If the item required is in an aeronautical database (i.e.: AIRPORT, VOR etc) you may well have the ability to narrow the area of search by selecting a two letter identify in the AREA field. For a complete list of two letter ICAO identifiers please refer to Appendix 2 in this manual. If the label in the AREA field says ALL then the search will include all countries available in your database card.

If the unit is set to receive external GPS/LORAN data, Key 2 reads MAP and returns to the map screen.

A QUICK WORD ON DIRECT TOS AND FLIGHT PLANS (NOT AVAILABLE IN EXTERNAL GPS MODE)

A flight plan is a series of legs interspersed with waypoints, while a DIRECT TO is a one leg Flight Plan. A DIRECT TO can be performed at any time. If a DIRECT TO is performed when a flight plan is active, the

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flight plan will be put to sleep and the displayed navigation data in MAP mode will be to the DIRECT TO point. You will always know when a DIRECT TO is running because the DIRECT TO key will be labeled DIRECT TO OFF. Pressing this key will cancel the DIRECT TO. If a flight plan was previously running underneath it will automatically resume.

VISUAL DIRECT TO AND DATA INTERROGATION

In MAP mode use the joystick to move the pointer to the desired location, or distance/bearing from present position or latitude/longitude. If you have a ground speed your Bendix/King unit will calculate the time to reach the tip of the onscreen pointer. This information is displayed in the PETE (or Pointer ETE) field. If you wish to invoke the DIRECT TO function press the DIRECT TO key (not available in External GPS Mode). The unit will then provide you with full navigation information to reach this point. Alternatively if you wish to obtain more information on a specific data point, whether it is an airport, a section of controlled airspace or a navaid, move the pointer onto it and press the MORE INFO key. Once the pointer has been activated, by pushing the joystick, it will remain active for 30 seconds; after which time it will automatically reset. Alternatively you can force a pointer reset by pressing RESET STICK.

DIRECT TO A SPECIFIC LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE

To perform a DIRECT TO a specified latitude/longitude press the DIRECT TO key in MAP mode, when the joystick is not active. Then press TEMP WPT and use the

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Getting Started

joystick to dial in the required latitude and longitude, followed by ENTER. The unit will then provide you with full navigation information to reach this Temporary Waypoint point. This function is not available in External GPS Mode.

MANUAL DIRECT TO AND DATA INTERROGATION

Provided the pointer is not active in MAP mode, press the DIRECT TO key. You will now be able to select the item from the database as explained in Database Selection in this section of the manual. To DIRECT TO the item press the SELECT key when the desired item is displayed. To get more information on the item press the MORE INFO key when the desired item is displayed. If you are running a DIRECT TO an item, you can discontinue the navigation by pressing the DIRECT TO OFF key. This function is not available in External GPS Mode.

EDITING/CREATING A USER WAYPOINT MANUALLY

From MAIN MENU select the FLIGHT PLAN key, followed by USER WPTS. Use the joystick to select the desired user waypoint number or name. Then press the EDIT key and use the joystick to edit the NAME, LAT and LONG fields. The entire user waypoint can be deleted by pressing CLEAR WPT. If you only wish to delete data in a particular field, as opposed to the entire user waypoint, move the cursor over the field label (i.e. NAME, LAT, LONG) and press the CLEAR key. To save a user waypoint press SAVE & EXIT.

Use the ABORT key and the PREV PAGE key to return to MAIN MENU. This function is not available in External GPS Mode.

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EDITING/CREATING A USER WAYPOINT VISUALLY

From MAIN MENU select the FLIGHT PLAN key, followed by USER WPTS. You may then use the joystick to select a specific user waypoint (either by number or name). Press the VIEW MAP key and the adjacent screen will be shown with the previously selected user waypoint in the center of the screen. If the previously selected user waypoint was empty your last position will be displayed. A user waypoint can then be created as a distance and bearing from the displayed position or as a latitude/longitude. Press ENTER WPT to save the user waypoint to the first available memory location. Any user waypoint can be removed by moving the pointer over it and pressing the DELETE WPT key. If the user waypoint that you wish to delete is in a stored Flight Plan the message [PRESENT IN FLIGHT PLAN] will be displayed. A second press on the DELETE WPT key will however remove it, moving the joystick shall cancel the delete. Use the PREV PAGE key to return to MAIN MENU. This function is not available in External GPS Mode.

SAVING A USER WAYPOINT IN FLIGHT

A user waypoint can be saved quickly in flight by pressing NAV MENU in MAP mode followed by SAVE WPT. You will immediately be returned to MAP mode with your current position saved to the next available user waypoint memory location. This function is not available in External GPS Mode.

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SELECTING STORMSCOPE®MODE

If a Stormscope®is installed the display screen can be selected from the MAIN MENU. When lightning is detected, the KMD150 will annunciate LIGHTNING in the MAP mode, to see details of the strike select MAIN MENU and STORM SCOPE to call the strike screen ranged at 200nm. From this entry screen a number of options all identified on the screen (e.g. ZOOM IN, ZOOM OUT, MODE Strike or Cell) can be selected. To clear and refresh the display press CLEAR and to return to the main navigation screen, press MAP.

EDITING/CREATING A FLIGHT PLAN MANUALLY

From MAIN MENU select the FLIGHT PLAN key, followed by EDIT FPLN. Use the joystick to select the desired flight plan number and then press SELECT. To insert an item press INSERT ITEM and follow the Database Selection process explained earlier in this section of the manual. To remove an item from the flight plan move the cursor over the item using the joystick and press DELETE ITEM. A flight plan can be systematically built using the INSERT ITEM key. The flight plan can be inverted by pressing the INVERT FPLN key. If you wish to fly the flight plan, ensure that the flight plan arrow (shown on the side of the flight plan list) is highlighting the leg you wish to fly, the press FLY FPLN. Alternatively use the PREV PAGE key to return to MAIN MENU. This function is not available in External GPS Mode.

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EDITING/CREATING A FLIGHT PLAN VISUALLY

From MAIN MENU select the FLIGHT PLAN key, followed by EDIT FPLN. Use the joystick to select the desired flight plan number and then press VIEW MAP. If the selected flight plan was empty, the adjacent screen will appear showing your last position, if it were not, the start point of the flight plan will be shown in the center of the screen. If the desired flight plan was empty you can use the joystick to move the pointer to the desired start waypoint and press ADD WPT (ADD WayPoinT). This will place an S (for Start) next to the waypoint. Move the pointer to the first waypoint and press ADD WPT again. This will place an E (for End) next to the waypoint. In either case when the ADD WPT key is pressed the unit will try to attach the waypoint to a displayed waypoint. If one is not available it will create a user waypoint in the next available memory location. To systematically create additional legs, draw a line from the waypoint marked (E), with the pointer, to the next waypoint and press ADD WPT again. You will notice that the last point in the Flight Plan will always be labeled (E). Once you have finished building the Flight Plan press PREV PAGE.

If you wish to add a new waypoint to a flight plan which you have stopped building, whether it is at the start, the end or the middle of the flight plan, you will need to highlight the appropriate point (i.e.: either the start waypoint (S), the end waypoint (E) or the leg line in which you wish to add a new waypoint). As soon as you do this, the ADD WPT or GRAB LINE key will appear. Press the ADD WPT or GRAB LINE key to join the pointer back to the flight plan line and then move it to the new waypoint. Once over the new waypoint press ADD WPT. Unwanted Waypoints can be removed by pointing at them and pressing the DELETE WPT key. Use the PREV PAGE key to return to MAIN MENU. This function is not available in External GPS Mode.

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SELECTING A FLIGHT PLAN TO FLY

From MAIN MENU select the MAP key, followed by NAV MENU and FLIGHT PLAN. Use the joystick to select the desired flight plan number and then press the SELECT key. Ensure that the leg arrow is pointing at the initial leg that is to be flown and press FLY FPLN. The unit will immediately revert to map mode with the navigation information showing using the pre-selected MAP MODE. This function is not available in External GPS Mode.

SELECTING A MAP MODE

The presentation in MAP mode can be varied from Small Text to Large Text to a CDI (Pseudo HSI) display. In all three MAP MODES there are a further two options which is either TOPO ON or TOPO OFF. In the TOPO ON mode all classes of data can be set to a specific color. In the TOPO OFF mode all cartographic data is automatically removed and the Jeppesen Nav Data is presented on a black background. The MAP MODE can be changed at any time by pressing the NAV MENU (or MAP MENU) key in MAP mode. The joystick can then be toggled until the desired selection is shown in the MAP MODE field. The new selection can be viewed by pressing MAP.

NOTE:

Large Text and CDI modes are only active when a DIRECT TO or flight plan is running.

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VIEWING ETAS, DIRECT-TO ON FLIGHT PLAN

When a flight plan is running the ETA to each point in that flight plan can be viewed by pressing the DIRECT TO key on the map. On entry to the adjacent screen the cursor highlights the waypoint in MAGENTA that is currently being navigated to. If ATC clear you onto END: LAWRENCE, for example, you can use the Direct-To waypoint function to amend the Flight Plan quickly without having to edit the Flight Plan. Use the joystick to move a BLACK highlight over END: LAWRENCE, then press DIRECT TO. This function is not available in External GPS Mode.

TEN NEAREST SEARCH

The ten nearest airports or navaids can be displayed by either pressing NAV MENU or DIRECT TO in MAP mode, followed by either NEAR APTS (for airports) or NEAR NAVAID (for navaids). The desired information will be presented dynamically as a bearing and distance from your present position. Any displayed item can be instantly navigated to by pressing the DIRECT TO key. Alternatively the MAP key can be used to return the user to MAP mode.

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SETUP MAP FUNCTIONS

These screens allow the mapping functions to be configured. The initial screen is reached by pressing SET UP in MAIN MENU, followed by MAP SETUP. The subsequent screens are reached by pressing the NEXT key.

On the initial page each of the displayed features can be set by using the joystick. They are as follows:

ORIENTATION: Set either in Track Up or North Up.

AIRPORT NAMES:

Labels airports in MAP MODE either with ICAO code, airport or city names.

MAP UNITS: Sets all map units to ether nautical miles, statute miles or kilometers. If miles are selected, all lengths and altitudes will be reported in feet. If kilometers are selected, all lengths and altitudes will be reported in meters.

COORD SYSTEM:

Determines whether the unit operates with reference to Lat/Long, UTM or OSGB.

LANGUAGE: Sets language to either English, French, German or Spanish.

MIN R/W LENGTH: Sets the minimum length of runway required for ten nearest airports.

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R/W SURFACE REQUIRED: Sets min-

imum runway surface required for ten nearest airports.

EXT TRACK: Turns on or off the extended track line, which is drawn ahead of your present position in the direction of your present track.

AUTO ZOOM: Turns on or off. When flying the last leg of a Flight Plan or when flying a DIRECT TO, as soon as the distance to the destination drops below 1/2 the scale bar setting, the unit automatically zooms. Auto Zoom can be disabled by simply pressing the ZOOM OUT key.

AUTO DECLUTTER: Turns on or off. If a higher priority icon label (Airport) is found to clash with a lower priority icon label (City) already on the screen, the lower priority icon label will be removed.

KEY BEEP: Turns the key beep on or off.

LOGGING RATE: Sets the rate in seconds at which you log your posi-

tion and loads it into a 2000 point cyclic memory. To log a specific flight use the CLEAR LOG key, in the Clear Memory screen. (Please refer to the Clear Memory section). The flight can be replayed in DEMO MODE. (Refer to the Selecting DEMO MODE section.)

POSITION REF: Defines the reference to which your position is given in MAP MODE, either to all available data, VORs only or VORs and Airports only.

The following screens are accessed by repeatedly pressing the NEXT key. They allow you to choose the level of zoom at which you wish each of the classes of data to become visible and at which level of zoom you want their corresponding labels to become visible. You can set many of the data classes display colors for both Topo On and Topo Off display modes and also set the icon or line style for several of the data classes.

Any changes made in any of these screens will be saved once the SAVE & EXIT key has been pressed. At any time the RESET VALUES key can be pressed to return your unit to the default settings on that particular screen. If you wish to reset all setup options to their default setting press the CLEAR SETUP key in Clear Memory screen.

AIRSPACE ALERT: Defines the distance from airspace boundary at which the alert annunciation occurs or turns off this feature.

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SETUP OF NAVIGATION FUNCTIONS

The adjacent screen allows the navigation functions to be configured. It can be reached by pressing SET UP in MAIN MENU, followed by NAV SETUP. This screen is not available in External GPS mode.

Each of the displayed features can be set by using the joystick. They are as follows:

CDI SCALE: Sets the full scale deflection of displayed CDIs to 0.3, 1.0,

2.5 or 5.0nm.

CDI DISPLAY: Either turns the CDI display off, or sets it to either a numeric or bar display.

CDI AUDIO ALARM: Switches the CDI alarm on or off. When on, it is activated at full scale deflection.

ARRIVAL ALARM: Sets the distance away from your destination waypoint at which you wish the audio and visual arrival alarms to be activated. This value is always in nautical miles.

AUTO LEG SELECT: When switched on, the unit will automatically determine which is the most appropriate leg to fly when calling up a flight plan.

AUTO NEXT LEG: When switched on, the unit will automatically sequence you on to the next waypoint in a flight plan when it has deemed that the current waypoint has been passed. When switched off the user will be expected to press the NEXT LEG key in MAP MODE to sequence on to the next waypoint in the flight plan.

TURN ANTICIPATION: Turn Anticipation provides navigation along a curved path segment to ensure a smooth transition between two adjacent legs in the flight plan.

FLIGHT PLAN DISPLAY: Allows all legs in the active flight plan to be displayed or just the active flight plan leg to be displayed when flying a flight plan.

INTERNAL (ARRIVAL and CDI) ALARM: These alarms can be switched on or off.

EXTERNAL (ARRIVAL and CDI) ALARM: These alarms can be switched on or off.

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Any changes made in this screen will be saved once the OK key has been pressed. At any time the RESET VALUES key can be pressed to return your unit to the default settings. If you wish to reset all setup options (including MAP SETUP options) to their default setting press the CLEAR SETUP key in the Clear Memory screen.

CLEAR MEMORY

To clear down specific parts of your units memory press SET UP in MAIN MENU, followed by INST & DIAGS and CLEAR MEMORY. You will then be asked to enter your PIN. Unit default is 1234. You are now in the Clear Memory screen. Each block of memory in your unit can be cleared down individually. CLEAR FLPNs will remove all your flight plans. CLEAR WPTS will remove all your user waypoints. CLEAR SETUP will restore all the default settings in MAP SETUP and NAV SETUP. CLEAR LOG will clear the last flight information, the 2000 flight logged data points and all running timers.

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Intentionally left blank

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TITLE AND HELP SCREENS

To switch the unit on, push the On/Off/Brightness control in then rotate fully clockwise.

When so configured, your unit can produce a variety of tones and alarms to assist you in correct operation. At this stage only two types of tone need concern you. These are:

1 short beep sounds when you press a valid key.

2 short beeps sound when you press a key that is not assigned.

NOTE:

KEY BEEP must be set to ON on the first MAP SETUP screen.

The Title Screen appears each time the unit is switched on. A database confirmation screen will then be displayed which you are required to acknowledge by pressing Key 1, which will be labeled OK. When you have acknowledged the validity of the database, the Title Screen will be redisplayed as shown here.

Screen 1: Title Screen

Key 1 calls Screen 2, which is the Main Menu Screen.

Key 2 calls Screen 7, which is the Flight Planning Mode Cover Screen.

Key 3 calls Screen 20, which is the Demo Mode Setup Screen. (If, since

being switched on, the unit has received valid fix information from the internal GPS receiver, Key 3 DEMO MODE will for safety reasons default to NOTE PAD and call screen 62. This also applies if the unit is set up to receive external GPS/LORAN data. This is the only Screen on which Demo Mode can be activated.

Key 4 calls Screen 21, which is the Setup Cover Screen.

Key 5 calls Screen 38, which is the Map Mode Screen.

To switch the unit off, pull the On/Off/Brightness control.

WARNING:

Do not try to force the control knob past its end stops.

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SELF TEST AND INITIALIZATION

When the Title Screen is initially displayed, no key labels are drawn while a series of internal check routines are carried out automatically by the unit. These are:

1. Verification that the unit has been factory initialized. This consists of a check to see if there is a special code in NVM. If there is no initialization code in the NVM a message saying UNIT NOT INITIALIZED will be printed across the center of the Screen and the unit will be totally disabled. This is a security feature, safeguarding against theft of the unit and attempted erasure of your PIN from the NVM. (If your unit is stolen and the NVM is erased or replaced in an attempt to reset the PIN, the thief will still not be able to use or sell the unit because these special high security factory initialization codes will be missing.)

2. A check for RAM corruption. If RAM has been lost or corrupted due to a severe 'glitch' or loss of power in the memory battery a RAM clear will be performed on the affected areas and Screen 51, Ram Lost Warning Screen, will be displayed (Refer to Appendix 1).

3. A check of the internal Lithium battery voltage. If the internal battery voltage is low, Screen 52, Internal Battery Warning Screen, will be displayed (Refer to Appendix 1).

4. A check to see whether the Automatic Power-On Lock function has been enabled (see Screen 26 for further details). If it is enabled, Screen 54, Power On Security PIN Entry Screen, will be displayed after 5 seconds (or if any key is pressed before this). If when switched on it is found that three unsuccessful attempts have been made to enter the Unlock PIN, Screen 55, Lockout Screen, will be displayed (Refer to Appendix 1).

5. A check to see if a new database card has been fitted. This involves comparing the software version number held in NVM with that of the current database Card. If a change of card is detected, the integrity of all Flight Plans will be checked and if any discrepancies are found Screen 56, Flight Plan Change Warning Screen, will be displayed (Refer to Appendix 1).

6. The internal GPS receiver circuitry will be tested and if any problems are found, a NO REPLY message will be indicated in the STATUS field of Screen 3, GPS Status Screen.

If the unit passes the 6 previous checks no warnings will be given, the key labels will be drawn.

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MAIN MENU SCREEN

If set up for internal GPS use, Key 1 calls Screen 3, which is the GPS Status Screen. The joystick can be used on this screen to switch the L-3 Communications WX-500 Stormscope®interface on and off. If Stormscope®is switched on, Key 1 will be labeled STORMSCOPE and will cause the Stormscope screens to be displayed. GPS data screens can still be accessed in this case through the INST & DIAGS key under SETUP or by switching the Stormscope®interface off using the joystick. Key 2 calls Screen 7, which is the Flight Planning Mode Cover Screen (not available in External GPS Mode). Key 3 will read NOTE PAD if DEMO MODE was not selected on Screen 1. Pressing Key 3 will call screen 62, which is the NOTE PAD display screen and will also give access to Screen 57, which is the E6-B Calculator Cover Screen (Refer to section on E6-B Calculator). If Demo Mode has previously been activated, Key 3 will read DEMO OFF. Pressing DEMO OFF will then switch Demo Mode off and return to Screen 2 with Key 3 reading NOTE PAD. Key 4 calls Screen 21, which is the Setup Cover Screen. Key 5 calls Screen 38 or 47, which are Map Mode and Map Mode with NAV Information Screens.

Screen 2: Main Menu Screen

NOTE PAD SCREEN

The Note Pad Screen (Screen 62) is accessed by pressing Key 3 on Screen 1 or Screen 2, Main Menu Screen.

The Note Pad function allows you to load up to 4000 characters of text into your GPS unit from a personal computer running suitable flight planning software. This text can then be recalled on a special Note Pad screen during flight.

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Screen 62: Notepad Screen

Title and Help Screens

The Note Pad text can contain any information you want. Typical uses include check lists, enroute weather downloaded before the flight from DUATS, special instruction for an unfamiliar destination etc. Using the 'Flight Manager' software from Honeywell you can prepare and store a library of Note Pad files and load the relevant one into your KMD 150 unit to suit your day's flying.

Screen 62 also gives access to the E6-B Calculator Screens.

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GPS STATUS SCREENS

This Screen is only accessible if Internal GPS source is selected and is accessed by pressing Key 1,GPS STATUS, in Main Menu.

The GPS Status Screen will display the receiver STATUS. This can be any of the following:

Screen 3: GPS Status Screen

BAD ALMANAC <3 SATS DIFFERENTIAL ACQUIRING 2D FIX 3D FIX POOR DOP POS PROP

The meanings of these displays are:

BAD ALMANAC means the GPS receiver's information concerning satellite positions is out of date. If this occurs the unit should be left alone with the antenna connected and in view of the sky for approximately 15 minutes during which period it will automatically lock onto a satellite and load an up-to-date almanac.

<3 SATS means that according to the current information available, there are less than three satellites in view and a fix can not be calculated. This message is very rarely displayed.

DIFFERENTIAL This word will be displayed in conjunction with 2D FIX or 3D FIX and means that the KMD 150 has a fix and is also receiving differential correction signals from an external source. (Refer to Appendix 4 for further details concerning differential operation.)

ACQUIRING means the unit is currently searching for satellites or is loading information from one or more satellites.

2D FIX means the unit is calculating position in two dimensions (i.e. latitude and longitude only, with no height information).

3D FIX means that the unit is calculating position in three dimensions and can give latitude, longitude and height information.

POOR DOP means that the unit is unable to calculate position owing to the poor geometry of the visible satellites. (DOP stands for Dilution of Precision.)

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POS PROP means that navigation has been temporarily lost and the KMD 150 is dead-reckoning (or propagating) its position based on the last known position, track and ground speed. It will not dead-reckon for more than a few seconds at a time.

Other information that is displayed, on this Screen includes:

ANTENNA CURRENT Against this heading there will be an indication if the antenna is drawing too much, too little or the correct amount of current. If the indication is <5mA then the antenna is probably open circuit and must be investigated. If the indication is >40mA then the antenna is probably short circuited and must be investigated. If the indication is OK then the antenna is drawing the correct amount of current.

DOP (Dilution of Precision), this is a number between 00.0 and 99.0 that represents the dilution of quality of the calculated fix due to satellite geometry. 00.0 is best, 99.9 is worst. If this figure is greater than 5.0, performance of the system is likely to be degraded because some of the visible satellites appear too close to each other. DOP is calculated from the angular separation between the various visible satellites. Greater separation results in better fix geometry and a lower DOP. (This DOP figure is not measured in any specific units.)

UTC/DATE, which is Universal or Greenwich Mean Time and Date.

LOCAL OFFSET, which is the difference between UTC and local time.

LOCAL TIME, which is calculated by adding Local Offset to UTC.

LAST FIX. If the unit does not have a current valid fix, this is the position

at which it last had a fix. If the unit has a fix, this is the present position.

SATS (eight satellite numbers), SIGS (signal strength for each satellite) and STAT (status of each satellite).

Each satellite has a PRN (Pseudo Random Noise) or identification number. The satellite PRN numbers are displayed in a line beside the word SATS. The two digit number under each PRN number is an indication of the signal strength being received from that satellite expressed in terms of a percentage. Best is 99, worst is 00. These numbers can be used for finding and eliminating electrical interference. Readings of 60 and above indicate a good installation.

Under each signal strength number is a two character code. These indicate the status of each satellite. These codes are: CS, CA, AS, FA, BD, MD, TA, EA, and AP. These relate to the eight possible receiver modes and are detailed in the next paragraphs.

CS: Code Search. This is the receiver's initial stage in acquiring a satellite. It means that the receiver is trying to match its internal code to the satellite signal.

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CA: Code Acquire. This means the satellite code has been received and matched to the receiver-generated code.

AS: AGC Set. This means the satellite strength has been assessed and the Automatic Gain Control has been set.

FA: Frequency Acquire. This means the receiver has correctly locked onto the satellite data frequency.

BD: Bit Sync Detect. This means the receiver is synchronized with the satellite's data bit stream.

MD: Message Detect. This means the receiver is synchronized with the satellite's message stream.

TA: Time Available. This means the satellite is fully locked in and has sent down UTC time and date information to the receiver.

EA: Ephemeris Acquire. This means the receiver is reading the constellation health status message from the satellite. This usually takes around two minutes and is a function that is performed in the background even if the receiver has a fix.

AP: Available for Position. This means the satellite is fully locked in and tested and can be used for calculating position. A minimum of three satellites are necessary for a 2D fix.

Key 1 returns to Main Menu. Date, Time, Local Time Offset and Present Position can be adjusted by selecting one of Keys 2, 3 or 4. Direct access to Map Mode is available by pressing Key 5.

When using the KMD 150 for the first time (or after it has been relocated by more than 100 miles since it was last used) setting up the present position (to within 50 miles or so) and ensuring that UTC and Date are correct (to within a few minutes) will considerably speed up the TTFF (time to first fix). It is not absolutely necessary to do this, since given time, the receiver is quite capable of working out its own position.

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GPS Status Screens

ADJUSTING TIME AND DATE

Pressing GPS STATUS in Main Menu followed by UTC & DATE accesses this Screen. The UTC & DATE key will only be available until the GPS has acquired the correct time from a satellite. Pressing Key 3, ADJUST UTC, places a cursor over the first digit of the Hours value on the time display. The value can then be increased or decreased by moving the joystick up or down. Pushing the joystick to the right then moves the cursor to the next digit. Similarly, the cursor can be moved back along the data entry field by moving the joystick left. When the time is adjusted, the information will only be saved if you press Key 1 SET.

Pressing Key 4 puts a cursor onto the Date entry field. The date is adjusted in the same way as time. With the cursor over the Month when the joystick is moved up or down, the first three characters of each month are scrolled together i.e. JAN, FEB, MAR, APR etc. Adjusting the year works in the same way. Your KMD 150 unit is fully Year 2000 compliant. Only after pressing Key 1 SET is the new date saved. The Time and Date will be automatically corrected as soon as the first satellite reaches TA (time available) status. If any satellite is already at status TA or above, user inputs of time and date will be ignored.

Screen 4: Date and Time Adjustment

Screen

SETTING LOCAL TIME OFFSET

Pressing GPS STATUS in Main Menu, followed by LOCAL OFFSET, accesses this Screen. When this Screen initially appears a cursor will be active in the data entry field. The hour's value can be adjusted between the limits of +12 and -12 by using the joystick.

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Screen 5: Local Time Offset Screen

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GPS Status Screens

The cursor can then be moved to the right to adjust the minutes to one of two values, 00 or 30. Only after pressing Key 1 SET is the information saved and the display reverts to Screen 3, GPS Status Screen.

The local offset is held in RAM and added to UTC time when calculating ETA's. Default value is +00:00. It is important to set local offset correctly to ensure ETA's given in NAV Mode are correct.

SETTING PRESENT POSITION

Pressing GPS STATUS in Main Menu, followed by SET POSN, accesses this Screen. The SET POSN key will not be available if the GPS has acquired a position fix. On entry to this Screen a cursor is positioned over the first character of the latitude as shown here. The joystick can then be used to increment or decrement values and to move the cursor right and left.

Screen 6: Present Position Setup Screen

When new values for latitude and longitude have been selected, pressing Key 1 SET will enter the new latitude and longitude and revert to Screen

Alternatively you can press Key 4 VIEW MAP and using the joystick, simply point at your present position.

When Screen 10A is displayed you can zoom in or out using Keys 2 or 3. By using the joystick you can 'bump' the borders of the map window to view anywhere in the world. The POS: box at the bottom of the screen displays the latitude and longitude of the pointer.

Once you have the joystick pointing at your present location, press Key 5 SET POSN to return to Screen 3, where the pointer latitude and longi-

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Screen 10A: View Map Screen

GPS Status Screens

tude will then be fed into the LAST FIX field.

To leave the position unchanged press key 1, PREV PAGE which will return you to Screen 6.

If the unit is receiving sufficient satellite signals to calculate a fix, userentered latitude and longitude will be ignored.

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Data Input

DATA INPUT (EXTERNAL GPS MODE)

If you own the non-GPS version of KMD 150, or as an alternative to using the internal GPS receiver, your KMD 150 has been wired to accept data from a remote GPS or LORAN unit, you will be operating in External GPS Mode and this section applies to you. The following text is an overview only and is valid for the non-GPS KMD 150 or the full GPS version if set to external GPS source. Refer to the KMD 150 Installation Manual for further details.

To operate correctly from an external data source, your KMD 150 requires a 1200, 4800 or 9600 baud Bendix/King equivalent ARNAV R30 (RS232) data sentence. Alternatively a 1200, 4800 or 9600 baud NMEA 0183 data sentence containing latitude, longitude, track, and ground speed information may be used. This can take the form of a single RMC sentence or a combination of GGA and VTG sentences. A third alternative data input is the Northstar M3 binary data format at 1200 baud.

Once the physical connection to the host GPS or LORAN has been made, it is essential to select an appropriate data output on the host unit. This can be done by referring to the manual for the host GPS/LORAN and choosing an option that corresponds to one of the compatible data input types listed previously. Your installer should have carried this out.

Once a suitable data output type has been selected on the host GPS/LORAN and it has a fix, switch on your KMD 150. If the host GPS or LORAN is correctly connected, switched on and outputting data, your KMD 150 will automatically start to read and decode the incoming data. There is no need to set an input type on the KMD 150 as this is done automatically.

DISPLAY OF HOST FLIGHT PLAN DATA

BENDIX/KING DATA FORMAT

If the host GPS is outputting data in the Bendix/King equivalent ARNAV R-30 (RS232) data sentence format, in LEG mode, the active flight plan will be sent to the KMD 150 and will be displayed automatically when in Map Mode. An exception to this is during the curved flight segments of approaches (i.e. DME arcs, procedural turns and holds) when most GPS units stop outputting flight plan data but continue to output positional data. During a DME arc or procedural turn, the KMD 150 will continue to show position, track and ground speed but the curved line depicting the arc or turn will not be displayed. In OBS mode, some GPS units will not be able to provide flight plan data. Present position is still provided and flight plans will be displayed as soon as the mode is returned to LEG.

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Important Note for Garmin GPS Users

Although Garmin products output the Bendix/King equivalent ARNAV R30 (RS232) data sentence format, when put into OBS Mode some Garmin GPS units stop sending flight plan data. In these circumstances your KMD 150 will display only the GPS position and track since it is not receiving flight plan data.

In the case of DME arcs, turns and holds, some Garmin GPS units send the flight plan information as if there was no arc or curved flight path. Therefore the KMD 150 has no option but to connect the beginning and end waypoints of the arc or curve with a straight line. Under these circumstances the line on the KMD 150 MUST BE IGNORED.

NMEA AND NORTHSTAR DATA

If the host GPS is outputting NMEA data or Northstar M3 binary data, no flight plan information will be displayed on the KMD 150. The information appearing on the KMD 150 will be limited to present position, track and ground speed.

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Flight Planning Screens

FLIGHT PLANNING SCREENS

These screens are not available in External GPS Mode. In order to allow you to navigate along pre-planned Flight Plans, your KMD 150 has facilities to memorize up to 500 user waypoints. Using these user waypoints together with the enormous built-in database you can then plan up to 99 Flight Plans. The maximum length of each flight plan is limited only by the total number of flight plans stored. The equipment has a capacity to store up to 500 flight plan points with a maximum number of waypoints in any one flight plan of 99.

For example, you can program 99 flight plans, each with 5 waypoints making a total of just under 500 flight plan waypoints or you could program 5 flight plans each with 99 waypoints. If you attempt to exceed 500 waypoints the unit will display a FLIGHT PLANS FULL message.

For simple single-leg navigation there is a useful "direct to" or DIRECT TO navigation mode. This allows you to fly from your present position directly to any point in the world. More details about this function are discussed in the Map Mode Screens Section of this manual.

All user waypoints and flight plans are normally programmed before embarking on the trip and stored in the unit's user waypoint and flight plan library.

USER WAYPOINTS

A user waypoint is a specific location anywhere in the world, defined by an icon, a name of up to nine letters or numbers and by a latitude and longitude. In your KMD 150 there are three types of user-defined user waypoints, each with a specific function.

BASIC USER WAYPOINTS

These are purely user-defined points. These are used in flight plan building, along with data points from the internal database, or simply to add personalized points to your map. A large choice of icon styles are available.

MARKER USER WAYPOINTS

Marker User Waypoints are also user-defined waypoints. These can be configured to act as alarm trigger markers. For example, say you are flying a Flight Plan and you know you have to make a radio call or initiate a climb at a specific point. A Marker User Waypoint can be positioned at that location (but not included in the Flight Plan) and be set up to trigger an alarm. If a user waypoint is to be used as an alarm trigger, when it is programmed it is given the name MARKERX.X (by pressing the MARKER key). The word MARKER here specifies to the software that this user waypoint is to be used as a marker point only and that no name

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Flight Planning Screens

is to be printed next to the user waypoint icon on the map. The X.X specifies the alarm trigger distance between 0.1nm and 9.9nm. The default is

1.0nm. A circle of the specified radius will appear around the marker point on the map.

While the KMD 150 software is searching to locate the nearest items for conventional position reporting, if it pulls up a user waypoint named MARKERX.X, it will continuously compare the distance from the present position to the Marker User waypoint with the value X.X. When the distance to the Marker becomes less than or equal to X.X then an audible alarm will be triggered. A box will also appear at the top of the screen showing MARKER IMMINENT. Key 5 will change to ALARM OFF and when pressed, will silence the audio alarm and remove the MARKER IMMINENT message.

Should you wish a Marker waypoint to have a name next to it for reference, you simply program a Basic User Waypoint with the same co-ordinates as the Marker and give this one a conventional name. The Basic and Marker User Waypoint icons would then be superimposed on each other, resulting in a single, named Marker User Waypoint.

USER DEFINED AIRPORTS

Owing to the fact that many private and unlicensed airports are not included within the Jeppesen database contained within your unit, you have the opportunity to program up to 25 of your own USER DEFINED AIRPORTS. User waypoints numbered 101 - 125 have been reserved for this purpose and whenever any of these is selected for editing on Screen 8, User Waypoint Viewer Screen, Screen 8A will be displayed instead. This Screen allows the insertion of additional information so permitting 25 user waypoints to become user-defined airports. These will be shown on the map pages with an airport icon instead of a user waypoint icon. The user-defined airports will also be included in the ten nearest airports search on Screen 43, Ten Nearest Airports Screen, and will receive equal priority with other database airports for position reporting purposes.

On Screen 39, Map Mode with Joystick Active Screen, if the pointer is placed over a user-defined airport and the MORE INFO Key is pressed, Screen 40, Map Mode Airport Information Screen, will be displayed with the data you have entered being displayed.

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Pressing Key 2, FLIGHT PLAN, in Main Menu, accesses this Screen.

Key 1 returns to Main Menu.

Key 2, EDIT FPLN, gives access to flight plan creation and editing pages.

Key 3, USER WPTS, gives access to user waypoint creation and editing pages.

Key 4 has no function.

Key 5 gives direct access to the current Map Mode.

Screen 7: Flight Planning Mode Cover

Screen

VIEWING USER WAYPOINTS

Pressing FLIGHT PLAN in Main Menu, followed by USER WPTS, accesses this Screen. When this Screen appears a cursor will be seen positioned over the WPT field. Use the joystick to increment or decrement the user waypoint number. (Holding the joystick up or down will increase the speed of these changes.) Alternatively the joystick can be used to select a user waypoint alphabetically by name in a similar fashion by moving the cursor down to the NAME: field.

Screen 8: User Waypoint Viewer Screen

As each user waypoint is selected, the name, latitude, longitude, icon and position fields are updated. Empty user waypoints will be shown with dashes in the latitude and longitude fields and the default icon (see Screen 22A, Point Features Data Class Setup Screen, in the Setup Screens Section of this manual for details on setting up the default icon style).

As each user waypoint is selected, all stored flight plans are automatically checked to see if that user waypoint is being used in any current flight plan. If the user waypoint is found within any of the flight plans, the

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Flight Planning Screens

words [FPLN LINK] will be printed next to the user waypoint number. It is necessary to think carefully before editing any user waypoint marked FPLN LINK since any changes you make to the user waypoint are liable also to affect one or more of the programmed flight plans.

If a user waypoint marked FPLN LINK is selected for editing and the Name only is changed, the new name will be copied over to the relevant parts of the flight plan list. If the name is left the same and the Latitude and/or Longitude only is changed, the new details will also be copied into the flight plan list. However, if the Name is changed, along with either the Latitude or Longitude the user waypoint will be treated as completely new and the details will not be copied to the flight plan list.

This would result in your being left with waypoints in your Flight Plans that do not exist as user waypoints. This can be beneficial in some cases as it makes it possible to double the number of user points in the system to 1000, but it is essential to understand this feature thoroughly and to use it carefully.

Key 1 will return to the main Flight Planning Mode Cover Screen. Once a user waypoint has been selected, Key 2 gives access to the Manual User Waypoint Editing facilities. Key 3, NEW WPT shall invoke the Manual User Waypoint editing with the next available empty waypoint. Key 5 displays Screen 10, which is the Graphical User Waypoint Editing Screen. This shows a map on which the selected user waypoint is central. If the selected user waypoint is empty, the map will default to the last fix position.

MANUAL USER WAYPOINT EDITING

Pressing FLIGHT PLAN in Main Menu, followed by USER WPTS and EDIT, accesses this Screen. On entry to this Screen a cursor appears over the word NAME. The cursor can be moved up and down between NAME, LAT, LONG and ICON using the joystick. The joystick is again used to move the cursor to the right so that the user waypoint name, latitude, longitude and icon type can be entered or amended, again by using the joystick.

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Screen 9: Manual User Waypoint Edit

Screen

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Flight Planning Screens

When the cursor is moved to the right after the last character in a line, the POS field will be updated and the cursor will move to the next line heading. i.e. from the last character in the name, the cursor will go to the word LAT and similarly from the last digit of the longitude it will go to the word ICON.

If you want to use the selected user waypoint as a marker as described previously, pressing Key 2, MARKER, will automatically write the word MARKER1.0 into the name field. You can then move the cursor across using the joystick and alter the distance and fill in the latitude and longitude. If you want to delete an existing user waypoint, press Key 4. If you want to delete just the data entry field that the cursor is positioned over, press Key 3, CLEAR.

When the desired alterations have all been made, touching Key 1, SAVE & EXIT, will enter the revised data and return you to Screen 8, User Waypoint Viewer Screen. Alternatively, touching Key 1, ABORT, will return you to Screen 8 without modifying the user waypoint information, canceling all the changes you have made.

GRAPHICAL USER WAYPOINT EDITING

When this Screen first appears, after pressing VIEW MAP on Screen 8, User Waypoint Viewer Screen, the selected user waypoint will be centrally positioned. The joystick can be used to move the pointer. The screen window can be moved around to display other areas of the map by "bumping" the screen borders left, right, up or down with the pointer. If you need to "bump" the screen over a large distance you will find it quicker and easier to zoom out first, move across the map as required. Then zoom back in (In order to make these moves swiftly, not all details of the map are shown on screen until the joystick is released.).

Screen 10: View and Edit User Waypoints

on the Map Screen

Distance and bearing boxes below the map show distance and bearing from the selected user waypoint (or the last user waypoint entered) to the pointer. This feature allows you easily to enter new user waypoints as a distance and bearing from a previously entered user waypoint.

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New user waypoints can be created wherever the pointer is placed simply by pressing Key 2, ENTER WPT. Existing user waypoints can be deleted by positioning the pointer directly over them and then pressing Key 5, DELETE WPT. Should you attempt to delete a user waypoint that is being used in a stored Flight Plan, the [PRESENT IN FLIGHT PLAN] message box will be displayed and the user waypoint will NOT be deleted. Pressing Key 5, DELETE WPT, a second time will then delete the user waypoint. Alternatively, moving the joystick while the [PRESENT IN FLIGHT PLAN] message box is displayed shall result in cancelling the delete command.

Each new user waypoint graphically created on the map will automatically be given the next available user waypoint number as a temporary name and the default icon but you can alter the name and icon later by using Screen 9, Manual User Waypoint Edit Screen.

EDITING USER AIRPORTS

Whenever you select a user waypoint number between 101 and 125 in Screen 8, User Waypoint Viewer Screen, Screen 8A, User Airport Edit Screen, will be displayed. This is similar to Screen 8 but contains data entry fields where you can enter and store additional information about the airport's main runway and frequencies.

Screen 8A: User Airport Edit Screen

FLIGHT PLANS

The flight plan function allows you to store up to 99 flight plans, as explained earlier in this section. These flight plans can be recalled from memory and flown in Map Navigation Mode. You can choose to use as waypoints any waypoints from the built-in

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Screen 11: Flight Plan Selection Screen

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Flight Planning Screens

database (which is subdivided and arranged alphabetically) and also, if you wish, from your own list of user waypoints.

Pressing FLIGHT PLAN in Main Menu, followed by EDIT FPLN, accesses this Screen. As you enter this Screen you will find a cursor positioned over the flight plan number. The first few items of the selected flight plan are displayed in the box under the flight plan number together with the final (destination) item. You can then use the joystick to select other flight plans. Use the same technique as was described earlier for selecting user waypoint numbers. Once you have selected the flight plan you wish to edit, pressing Key 2, will allow you to manually edit it.

Key 1, PREV PAGE, returns you to the Flight Planning Mode Cover Screen. Key 5, VIEW MAP, calls Screen 19, enabling you to edit the selected flight plan graphically on the map.

Key 4, TRIP/FUEL gives access to the trip and fuel planning function. For more information on this function please refer to the Trip/Fuel Planning information in the E6B Calculator Section of this manual.

If you happen to access the previous Flight Plan Selection Screen while a flight plan is active and you subsequently dial up the active Flight Plan number, you will find Key 5 changes to FPLN OFF and Key 1 goes blank. As a safety measure the system will not allow you to edit the active Flight Plan directly unless you touch Key 5, FPLN OFF. This will switch the Flight Plan out of active status and re-enable Key 1 allowing you to edit what was until then the active Flight Plan.

MANUAL FLIGHT PLAN BUILDING AND EDITING

This Screen can be accessed either through the Flight Planning Mode Cover Screen (by pressing FLIGHT PLAN in Main Menu followed by EDIT FPLN and SELECT) or through the NAV Menu Cover Screen (by pressing NAV MENU in Map Mode followed by FLIGHT PLAN). For more information on the second form of entry to this Screen see Screen 41, NAV Menu Cover Screen, in the NAV Menu Screens Section of this manual.

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Screen 12: Flight Plan Program/Edit

Screen

Flight Planning Screens

When you enter this Screen you will find a cursor positioned over the first item in the chosen flight plan. By using the joystick, you can move the cursor up or down. This enables you to scroll in either direction through the entire flight plan in the display box.

Next to each waypoint in the column headed REF you will see a twocharacter code that gives the database origin of each point in the flight plan. The meanings of these codes are as follows:

IA (Internal Jeppesen Airports); IV (Internal Jeppesen VORs); IN (Internal Jeppesen NDBs); IR (Internal Jeppesen Runways); IT (Internal Towns); II (Internal Jeppesen Intersections/Approach Waypoints); WP (current user waypoint {if user waypoint link is present}); OW (Old user waypoint {if user waypoint link has been broken}); UA (User Airport {user waypoint numbers 101-125}) and PC (external data down loaded from a PC).

In the example shown in the illustration for Screen 12, moving the joystick down would move the cursor down over 01 (or destination of leg 1) but would leave the "LEG" arrow positioned as it was. The distance shown next to the word LEG also would remain unchanged, showing the leg distance from the flight plan start point to Waypoint 01. Moving the joystick down again would move the cursor down to 02, move the leg arrow down so that it is pointing between 01 and 02 and the figures next to the word LEG would then show the distance from 01 to 02 and so on. The number next to the word FPLN is the total flight plan length from start to finish.

In addition, as the cursor is moved up and down the Flight Plan, the MSA for that leg is shown in a box below the LEG and FPLN info box as [LEG MSA: XXXX]. This value is the highest Grid MORA found along a ten mile wide corridor (including five miles past the waypoint) centered along each leg. Also shown is the [FPLN MSA: XXXX], which is the highest value leg MSA for the entire flight plan.

An extra waypoint can be inserted at any place in the flight plan (assuming the flight plan is not full). To do this, you position the cursor over the appropriate point in the flight plan and press Key 2, INSERT ITEM. For example, if you placed the cursor over 02, the new item would become 02 and the existing 02 would become 03, etc. In a similar manner items may be deleted from the flight plan by positioning the cursor and pressing Key 3, DELETE ITEM. Key 4 inverts or reverses the flight plan. Key 5, FLY FPLN, throws the unit into Map Mode (Screen

47) with the selected flight plan active.

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MANUALLY INSERTING A WAYPOINT INTO A FLIGHT PLAN AND MANUAL DIRECT TO

A Waypoint can be inserted into a flight plan by using a two step process that is started by pressing Key 2 INSERT ITEM. The same process is followed when Key 5 DIRECT TO is selected in Screen 38, Map Mode when the joystick is not active and a Flight Plan is not running. The same process is also followed when Key 5 DATABASE is selected in Screen 41A.

SELECTING DATA SOURCE

This Screen shows a list of data libraries and you will find a cursor positioned over the word AIRPORTS. You can use the joystick to move the cursor up and down the list of databases. Keys 3,4 and 5 only appear if this Screen is called from Screen 38 Map Mode as a DIRECT TO.

Screen 13: Database Selection Screen

When using an external GPS this screen can be accessed from screen 38, Key 5, DATABASE. If this screen is accessed this way, Key 5 changes to NEAR INTS. Pressing this key will display the ten nearest intersections.

By moving the cursor you select the database that contains the item you are looking for, whether to insert into your flight plan or to use as a DIRECT TO destination. Once you have the cursor over the correct database, touching Key 2, SELECT, will move you onto the next selection process, which is Screen 16 Item Selection.

As stated previously, Key 3, NEAR APTS and Key 4, NEAR NAVAID, only appear if this Screen has been entered after performing a DIRECT TO in Screen 38, Map Mode. For more information on the function of these keys, please refer to the Ten Nearest under the NAV Menu Screens Section in this manual.

As stated previously, Key 5, TEMP WPT, only appears if this Screen has been entered after performing a DIRECT TO in Screen 38, Map Mode. If you press Key 5, this will take you to Screen 15, which allows you to enter a DIRECT TO point.

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If Key 1, PREV PAGE, is pressed to discontinue the selection process the unit will return to whichever the previous Screen was, either Screen 12, Flight Plan Program/Edit Screen, or Screen 38, Map Mode.

This Screen allows you to select a DIRECT TO specific latitude and longitude, and is reached by pressing Key 5 Temp Wpt on Screen 13.

Use the joystick to enter the latitude and longitude of the destination then press Key 2, ENTER, and Screen 47, Map Mode with Navigation Information, will appear with DIRECT TO OFF on Key 5.

SELECTING ITEM FROM CHOSEN DATABASE

Screen 15: Temporary Waypoint Input

Screen

On entry to this Screen you will find the cursor positioned over the first letter of the first item in the selected database.

If AIRPORTS, VORs, NDBs, INTs or AIRWAYS was selected on Screen 13, the first item in the data entry box on screen 16 is AREA:. This is an area filter that can be set to a specific ICAO country or area code. If set to EG for example, only items in British airspace will appear in the list. Similarly, if set to LF, only items in French airspace will be displayed. In the USA, the airspace is sub-divided into seven areas known as K1 - K7. The area filter can again be set to any of these areas (see Appendix 2 for a full list of country and area codes).

If the area filter is set to ALL, all the data from the selected database contained on the database card for the entire area covered will appear in the list.

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Screen 16: Item Selection Screen

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Flight Planning Screens

If AIRPORTS was selected on Screen 13 the cursor will be positioned over the word ICAO:. Airports may be selected by ICAO code, airport name or associated city name and in addition, once an airport has been selected, a particular runway threshold at that airport can be selected. If you wish to select an airport by name or associated city name, use the joystick to move the cursor down to name then right to the first character. If you wish to select a specific runway threshold, move the cursor down to R/W then right to the word NONE. Moving the joystick up or down will now allow you to select a specific runway threshold (if threshold information is available for that airport in the Jeppesen database).

When selecting names, use the joystick to scroll the initial letters through the alphabet. Once the required initial letter has been selected, move the joystick to the right and repeat the process. In this way you can scroll through all the items from the selected database, narrowing your search field. If you move the joystick to the left, the cursor will also move left one step, allowing you to make another selection.

If the airport name is followed by a number of ++++ signs, this indicates that there is more than one airport with the same name. To view the other airports with the same name, move the cursor over the ++++ signs then scroll up and down through the other airports with the same name using the joystick.

On this Screen, Key 5 labeled MORE INFO gives additional information about the selected item.

When an airport is selected but no runway, the entry into your flight plan will be the name displayed followed by the airport's ICAO code. When a runway is selected, the entry into your flight plan will be the airport's ICAO code followed by the runway ident. For example, if you select runway 22 at New Century AI, the entry to your flight plan would be KIXD

22.

Once you have reached the desired item, touching Key 2, ENTER, will select it and either return you to Screen 12, Flight Plan Program/Edit Screen, entering the item to your flight plan or invoke the DIRECT TO and take you to Screen 47, Map Mode with NAV Information, depending on which entry Flight Plan to Screen 13 you happen to have used. If the unit is set to receive external GPS/LORAN data, Key 2 changes to MAP, and if pressed returns to the Map screen.

If VORs, NDBs or intersections/approach waypoints were selected on Screen 13, Database Selection Screen, you will see a two letter ICAO area code displayed to the right of the identifier. If you have the area filter set to ALL, you can move the cursor over to the two letter ICAO code and select items with similar names in other areas.

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Flight Planning Screens

NOTE:

When selecting a navaid, intersection or approach waypoint, check the ICAO area code carefully since there are many duplicates present in the database. Checking the area code will eliminate any ambiguity.

GRAPHICAL VIEWING AND EDITING OF FLIGHT PLANS

This Screen is accessed by pressing FLIGHT PLAN in Main Menu, followed by EDIT FPLN and Key 5 ,View Map, on Screen 11, Flight Plan Selection Screen. Screen 19 is displayed showing the starting point of the selected flight plan centered in the middle of the display. The legs and waypoints are shown as in this illustration.

The joystick can be used to move the pointer. The screen window can be moved around the map by "bumping" the screen borders left, right, up or down with the pointer. This feature allows you to enter waypoints as a distance and bearing from the previous flight plan point.

Screen 19: View and Edit Flight Plans On

Map Screen

To build a flight plan you simply point at the first item to be included in the flight plan and press Key 2, ADD WPT (or Add Waypoint). This will place an S (for Start) next to the waypoint. If no suitable data point or user waypoint is available beneath the pointer, a new user waypoint will be created; which can be name later by using Screen 9, Manual User Waypoint Edit Screen.

Then move the pointer to the second item (or first waypoint) in the flight plan and press Key 2, ADD WPT, again. This will place an E (for End) next to the waypoint. To systematically create additional legs, draw a line from the waypoint marked (E), with the pointer, to the next waypoint and press ADD WPT again. You will notice that the last point in the flight plan will always be labeled (E). Once you have finished building the flight plan press PREV PAGE, this will detach the pointer from the flight plan.

If you wish to add a new waypoint to a flight plan which you have stopped building (which is also the case if you are editing an existing flight plan), whether it is at the start, the end or the middle of the flight plan, you will need to highlight the appropriate point (i.e.: either the start waypoint (S), the end waypoint (E) or the leg line in which you

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wish to add a new waypoint). As soon as you do this, the ADD WPT or GRAB LINE key will appear. Press the ADD WPT or GRAB LINE key to join the pointer back to the flight plan line and then move it to the new waypoint. Once over the new waypoint press ADD WPT.

If, for example you wanted to add a waypoint into the existing flight plan going from TTE VOR to EHF VOR shown in the previous illustration, you would first position the pointer over the track line between those waypoints, thereby highlighting it and then press Key 2, GRAB LINE. This will pick up the line. You would then move the pointer, stretching the track line like a rubber band, until it was over the waypoint that you wish to add and then press Key 2 ADD WPT. The new track line would then be set joining TTE VOR to the new waypoint to EHF VOR and the leg numbers shown next to the new waypoint and all subsequent waypoints would be increased by one. New waypoint would become 03, EHF VOR 04 and TEHACHAPI End.

If, for example you wanted to add a new waypoint to the beginning of the flight plan illustrated previously, simply move the pointer over FRESNO, thereby highlighting it and then press Key 2, ADD WPT. This will draw a line from the FRESNO to the pointer. Next move the pointer until it is over the new waypoint, highlight it and press Key 2, ADD WPT again. You may continue to add further waypoints from the new starting point by simply moving the pointer over another waypoint and pressing Key 2, ADD WPT. Press Key 1, PREV PAGE, to stop adding waypoints to the beginning of the flight plan.

To delete a Waypoint from a flight plan, point at the item you wish to remove and press Key 5, DELETE WPT. To delete a newly-created user waypoint, you have to return to Screen 9, Manual User Waypoint Edit Screen, or 10, View and Edit User waypoints on the Map Screen. You can create user waypoints on Screen 19 but not delete them from there.

NOTE:

It is important to remember that all changes made to a flight plan (either manually or graphically) are retained and that there is no undo option available. The only way to undo any changes made is to alter the flight plan back to its original state.

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Intentionally left blank

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Map Mode Screens

MAP MODE SCREENS

Pressing MAP in Main Menu accesses this Screen. When you enter this Screen, if the KMD 150's internal GPS receiver has been able to establish a fix or if the external GPS you are using to feed your unit is sending valid data, a Screen similar to the one shown here will be displayed. The map is initially displayed at the Zoom Level where the Scale Bar represents 8nm. This is approximately the same scale as a 1:500,000 chart. If there is no valid GPS fix data available, the words NO FIX POSSIBLE will be shown across the center of the screen in a box. If the fix is lost at any time during normal operation of the unit, the same NO FIX POSSIBLE box will be overlaid on the map.

When an external GPS is in use, key 4 changes to MAP MENU, and key 5 changes to DATABASE. Both keys lead to the same screens as shown previously, but they have fewer options available (see applicable screens for details).

Screen 38: Basic Map Mode Screen

The map will be shown in either North Up mode or Track Up mode depending upon the setting you have made from Screen 22, Map Customization Screen.

NOTE:

When a map is displayed in North Up mode the icon shall be displayed.

The displayed data will be updated every second. From this page, if you press Key 1, Screen 2 Main Menu will take its place. You can use Keys 2 and 3 at any time to zoom the map in and out to whichever one of the twelve pre-set scales you wish to use. The levels of detail appearing at each zoom level can be selected on Screen 22A/B or C, described in the Setup Screens Section of this manual. If you want to zoom in or out by more than one step at a time, you can apply multiple presses to Keys 2, ZOOM IN, and 3, ZOOM OUT, while watching the scale bar calibration figure.

The small boxes marked TRK: and GS: display your present track and ground speed. Ground speed is displayed in the units selected on Screen 22, Map Customization Screen. Track will be magnetic (i.e.: true with local variation automatically taken into account).

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Map Mode Screens

The box marked POS: will display your present position as a distance and cardinal bearing from the nearest item in the database. The geographical item used to describe your position to you is chosen on the basis of the POSITION REF: setting on Screen 22, Map Customization Screen.

If you have chosen VORs as the position reference on Screen 22, your position will be reported as a distance (range) and bearing from the nearest VOR. If you have chosen VORs & AIRPORTS as the position reference on Screen 22 and your position is within 5nm of an airport, your position will be reported as a distance and bearing from that airport even if there is a VOR nearer (i.e. airports have priority). If there is no airport within 5nm then your position will be reported with respect to the nearest VOR or airport.

If you have chosen ALL DATA as the position reference on Screen 22 and your position is within 5nm of an airport, your position will be reported as a distance and bearing from that airport, even if there are nearer VORs, NDBs, towns, VRPs or waypoints. If there is no airport within 5nm then your position will be reported with respect to the nearest airport, VOR, NDB, VRP, town or waypoint.

All airport names are shown preceded by an asterisk character (*) in order to distinguish them from towns or cities with similar names, which may have significantly different locations.

At the bottom left hand corner of the display you will also see a Scale Bar showing a measurement. The measurement may be in nautical miles, statute miles or kilometers depending on the map units, which you have selected from Screen 22. Map Customization Screen.

Pressing Key 4 will take you to Screen 41, the NAV Menu Cover Screen (or MAP Menu Cover Screen if external GPS). Pressing Key 5 will take you to Screen 13 from which you can select a DIRECT TO destination (if internal GPS).

Under normal circumstances, you will not see any joystick pointer on Screen 38. However, if you do move the joystick, a pointer will appear just beside your present position icon and the display will change to Screen 39.

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Map Mode Screens

DATA INTERROGATION AND GRAPHICAL DIRECT TO

As soon as you move the joystick while in Screen 38, Map Mode, a Screen similar to Screen 39 will be displayed. The map freezes in its present position with respect to the joystick pointer and the aircraft symbol indicating your present position starts to move across the Screen. A line appears between present position and the joystick pointer. (The reason the map is made to stop moving is that this makes accurate positioning of the joystick pointer much easier for you.)

Simultaneously, you will see the TRK and GS boxes have now changed to DIS, BRG and PETE (Pointer ETE). These now show the distance and bearing from present position to the joystick pointer and the pointer estimated time enroute (PETE). The PETE is calculated on present GS and would read 00:00 if you were stationary. You can use this function to measure distance, bearing and estimated time enroute to any point on the map. The window formed by the extremities of the Screen can be moved around the map by "bumping" the Screen borders left, right, up or down with the pointer. You can still use Keys 2, ZOOM IN, and 3, ZOOM OUT, to zoom the map in and out. When you are finished using this Screen press Key 1, RESET STICK, and the joystick pointer will vanish, your display will return to Screen 38 and the map will be placed back in its present position at the zoom level it was at prior to activating the joystick. If you don't move the joystick for 30 seconds, this will have the same effect as pressing Key 1.

Screen 39: Map Mode with Joystick

Active Screen

In addition to finding it useful for measuring distances, bearings and ETEs, you can utilize this Screen for other tasks. If you place the pointer over any data icon and then press Key 4, MORE INFO, Screen 40 (Airport), Screen 40A (Navaid) or Screen 40C (all other data icons) will appear. These Screens contain additional data and information on the selected item.

If you want to navigate directly to any position, press Key 5 and you will obtain a DIRECT TO, taking you to wherever the pointer is positioned, even if it is not pointing to a database item. This is a very useful feature for arbitrary in-flight diversions. After you have pressed Key 5, DIRECT TO, Screen 47, Map Mode with NAV Info, appears, with Key 5 now labeled "DIRECT TO OFF".

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Map Mode Screens

AIRPORT INFORMATION

As explained previously, you can access this Screen from Screen 39 by placing the joystick pointer over an airport icon and pressing Key 4, MORE INFO. All the information given here is derived from the built-in Jeppesen database. Runway surfaces are shown as an H for hard and an S for soft. Lighting is shown as an L for lit and a U for unlit.

To obtain DIRECT TO for the chosen airport all you have to do is press Key 5, labeled DIRECT TO. To return to the Map of Screen 39 you should press Key 1, PREV PAGE. Alternatively, the unit gives you 30 seconds to read what you require from the Info Screen and then automatically returns to Screen

39.

Pressing Key 5, DIRECT TO, in Map Mode when the joystick is not active, can also access this Screen. Allowing you to call up the item of interest from the airports database as if you were selecting it for a DIRECT TO. If this Screen were entered this way Key 4, VIEW AREA, would be present allowing you to not only view the appropriate airport data but also look at its position on the map.

Screen 40: Map Mode Airport Info

Screen

NAVAID INFORMATION

As explained previously, you can access this Screen from Screen 39 by placing the joystick pointer over a VOR or NDB icon and pressing Key 4, MORE INFO. Full details of the Navaid are listed, type, frequency and ident. The fourth line in the box is a visual representation of the Morse ident and if you are one of those pilots whose knowledge of Morse is less than perfect, all you have to

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Screen 40A: Map Mode Navaid

Information Screen

KMD 150 Pilot's Guide

Map Mode Screens

do is press Key 2, IDENT. The unit will beep out the correct ident (on its internal speaker and on the external alarm, if this is switched on). You can then compare this to the ident you are hearing over the radio to verify that you are indeed tuned to the navaid you want.

To obtain DIRECT TO for the chosen Navaid (VOR or NDB) all you have to do is press Key 5, labeled DIRECT TO. To return to the Map of Screen 39 you should press Key 1, PREV PAGE. Alternatively, the unit gives you 30 seconds to read what you require and then automatically returns to Screen 39.

Pressing Key 5, DIRECT TO, in Map Mode when the joystick is not active, can also access this Screen. Allowing you to call up the item of interest from the either the VORs or NDBs database as if you were selecting it for a DIRECT TO. If this Screen were entered this way Key 4, VIEW AREA, would be present allowing you to not only view the appropriate navaid data but also look at its position on the map.

GENERAL ICON INFORMATION

As explained previously, you can access this Screen from Screen 39 by placing the joystick pointer over any data icon that is not an airport, VOR or NDB and pressing Key 4, MORE INFO. All available information concerning the chosen data item is then listed.

To obtain DIRECT TO for the chosen item all you have to do is press Key 5, labeled DIRECT TO. To return to the Map of Screen 39 you should press Key 1, PREV PAGE. Alternatively, the unit gives you 30 seconds to read what you require and then automatically returns to Screen 39.

Screen 40C: Map Mode General

Information Screen

AIRSPACE INTERROGATION

In order to interrogate a piece of airspace in Map Mode, move the joystick operated pointer and point at one of the airspace boundaries. After you have released the joystick, the software will search the airspace database and after a short time will re-draw the piece of airspace to which you have pointed in a bolder line with a basic information tag attached.

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Map Mode Screens

IMPORTANT:

When a single airspace boundary line is shared by two different pieces of airspace (which is very common), the airspace with the lower vertical limit will always be highlighted.

Once you are sure the piece of airspace highlighted is the piece you want information on (you may have to zoom out to verify this, but beware, some airspace switches off as you zoom out dependent on the settings made in Screen 22C, Airspace Data Class Setup Screen), press MORE INFO key and Screen 40B, Airspace Information Screen, will be displayed.

The information shown on this screen is all the information from the internal Jeppesen database that is relevant to the airspace you have selected. If some of the fields are blank or say SEE CHART, this means that Jeppesen data is not available for that particular item.

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Screen 40B: Airspace Information

Screen

KMD 150 Pilot's Guide

Nav Menu Screens

NAV MENU SCREENS

You can enter this important Screen by pressing Key 4, NAV MENU (or MAP MENU if set to External GPS), while in Map Mode (on Screen 38 or 47). It is a versatile Screen with several useful functions.

When Terrain data is available, a map key shall be displayed indicating the colors used for different terrain heights.

When an external GPS is in use, Key 2 has no function and key 5 changes to NEAR INTS. Pressing key 5 will display the ten nearest intersections.

If you move the joystick up or down when in this Screen, the screen layout presented when displaying the Map can be selected to be one of the following. The setting is indicated in the box at the top of the screen labeled MAP MODE:.

Screen 41: NAV Menu Cover Screen

TOPO ON, SMALL TEXT: Large map, full color cartography, and small NAV information text.

CDI (TOPO ON): Pseudo CDI style display, which reverts to Topo Small Text map when joystick is hit (not available in External GPS mode).

TOPO ON, LARGE TXT: Large map, full color cartography, and large NAV information text. This will revert to the Topo Small Text map when the joystick is hit (not available in External GPS mode).

TOPO OFF, SMALL TEXT: Large map, black background, no cartography, Jeppesen data only, small NAV information text.

CDI (TOPO OFF): Pseudo CDI style display, which reverts to non Topo Small Text map when joystick is hit (not available in External GPS mode).

TOPO OFF, LARGE TXT: Large map, black background, no cartography, Jeppesen data only, large NAV information text. This will revert to the non Topo Small Text map when the joystick is hit (not available in External GPS mode).

NOTE:

Large Text and CDI modes are only active when a DIRECT TO or flight plan is running.

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Nav Menu Screens

Please refer to the Map Setup Screens in the Setup Screens Section of this manual for further information regarding data settings for each mode.

If you wish to return to the Map Screen at any time, press Key 1, MAP.

Key 2, FLIGHT PLAN, gives you direct access to Flight Planning Mode where you can manually select, cancel and edit Flight Plans as required.

If you press Key 3, NEAR APTS, you will be presented with Screen 43, Ten Nearest Airports Screen, on which you can read off the ten airports nearest to your present position.

If you press Key 4, NEAR NAVAID, you will see Screen 45, Ten Nearest Navaids Screen, giving you details of the ten VORs and NDBs nearest to you. For more information on Screens 43 and 45 refer to the Ten Nearest later on in this section of the manual.

If you wish to save your present position, press Key 5, SAVE WPT, and your co-ordinates will be saved as the next available user waypoint number. Once the user waypoint has been saved, the Screen will revert to Map Mode (Screen 38 or 47) where the new user waypoint will already feature on the map. This feature is not available when set to External GPS mode.

The text boxes on this screen give the following information:

Map Mode selected (one of six options described previously)

Position in plain English

Position in latitude/longitude (or the co-ordinate system selected on the Map Setup Screen)

Track and Ground Speed

GPS Altitude

MSA for the present position

The MSA box displays the highest Grid MORA value within a ten mile radius of your present position at all times. See Appendix 2 for a more detailed explanation of Grid MORA.

WARNING:

The MSA altitudes displayed are advisory in nature only. They should not be relied upon as the sole source of obstacle and terrain avoidance information. Always refer to current aeronautical charts for appropriate minimum clearance altitudes.

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Nav Menu Screens

SELECTING A FLIGHT PLAN

Pressing Key 2, FLIGHT PLAN, on Screen 41, NAV Menu Cover Screen, enters this Screen. On entry to this Screen you will see a cursor positioned over the Number of the last flight plan accessed, or if there is a flight plan already active, its number will be shown instead. You will see the first few items of the selected flight plan together with its final destination in the box under the Flight Plan Number. You can select any flight plan you want by using the joystick to scroll the flight plan number up or down. You are free to select any one of the 99 available flight plans. If you wish to return to the NAV Menu Cover Screen (Screen 41) press the PREV PAGE Key 1. Pressing Key 2 will call Screen 12, Flight Plan Program/Edit Screen for the selected flight plan.

Screen 42: Flight Plan Selection Screen

If the selected flight plan is already running, Key 5 will read FPLN OFF, and Key 2 will be blank. If the selected flight plan is not active, Key 5 will be blank and Key 1 will read SELECT. An active flight plan can be switched off at any time by pressing Key 5, FPLN OFF.

Pressing Key 5 will cancel the active flight plan and allow you to gain access to what was the active flight plan. (In the interests of safety, the software has been designed not to permit you to edit and fly a flight plan at the same time.)

Pressing Key 4 gives a shortcut to Screen 60, the E6-B Trip/Fuel Planning Screen (see Trip/Fuel Planning in the E6B Calculator Section of this manual for more detail). When Screen 60 is displayed the flight plan selected on Screen 42 will automatically be shown.

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Nav Menu Screens

In order to select a flight plan to fly, bring up the desired Flight Plan Number with the joystick and press Key 1, SELECT, in Screen 42, Flight Plan Selection Screen. This will call Screen 12 from which you can choose to edit the flight plan, reverse the flight plan or activate the flight plan. In order to activate the flight plan, simply use the joystick to select the desired leg then press Key 5, FLY FPLN. If you have highlighted a leg other than Start or 01 you will be prompted with the following message, "Do you want to fly the first leg of the flight plan or the currently selected leg?" Three possible responses are available, Key 1, ABORT will cancel the fly flight plan action, key 3 FIST LEG to fly from the first leg, or key 5 SEL'D LEG to fly from the highlighted leg.

If you have activated AUTO LEG SELECT on Screen 23, NAV Mode Customization Screen, the nearest leg to your present position will automatically be selected for you as soon as you enter Screen 12.

Screen 12: Flight Plan Program/Edit

Screen

NOTE:

TEN NEAREST AIRPORTS

This Screen is accessed by pressing Key 3, NEAR APTS, on Screen 41, NAV Menu Cover Screen, and dynamically shows the range and bearing of the ten nearest airports. When this Screen appears you will find a cursor over the first airport in the list.

You can scroll up and down the list by using the joystick. Once the cursor is lying over the name of the airport you require, if you press Key 3, MORE INFO, Screen 44 will appear, giving you additional information about that airport.

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Screen 43: Ten Nearest Airports Screen

KMD 150 Pilot's Guide

Nav Menu Screens

To obtain a DIRECT TO for the chosen airport all you have to do is press Key 5, labeled DIRECT TO, and you will switch back to (Screen

47) Map Mode with the selected DIRECT TO activated.

Key 1, MAP, returns you to Map Mode ,Screen 38 or 47. Key 2 returns you to the NAV Menu Cover Screen (Screen 41). By pressing Key 4, NEAR NAVAID, you can switch to Screen 45, Ten Nearest Navaids, giving information about the ten nearest navaids.

Once you have selected an airport on Screen 43 and pressed Key 3, MORE INFO, the display will change to Screen 44. This gives additional information about runways, frequencies, elevation etc. for the airport in question.

To return from this Screen to Map Mode (Screen 38 or 47) you simply press Key 2. To select another airport from the Ten Nearest (Screen 43) you press Key 1 and if you want to see the list of ten nearest navaids, simply press Key 4, which will take you directly to Screen 45, Ten Nearest Navaids. To obtain a DIRECT TO for the chosen airport all you have to do is press Key 5, labeled DIRECT TO, and you will switch back to (Screen 47) Map Mode with the selected DIRECT TO activated.

Screen 44: Airport Information Screen

If you want to view the area immediately around the chosen airport, press Key 3. This will call Screen 10A that is very similar to Screen 10, the View and Edit User Waypoint on the Map Screen. Screen 10A will revert back to screen 44 after 30 seconds with no key or joystick activity or can be cancelled by pressing Key 1, PREV PAGE.

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Nav Menu Screens

NAVAIDS

This Screen is accessed by pressing Key 4, NEAR NAVAID, on Screen 41, NAV Menu Cover Screen, and dynamically shows the range and bearing of the ten nearest navaids. When this Screen appears you will find a cursor placed over the first navaid in the list. The list can be scrolled up and down using the joystick. Once you have placed the cursor over the name of the navaid you want, press Key 3, MORE INFO, to display Screen 46, which gives additional information about that navaid.

Pressing Key 1 will return you to Map Mode (Screen 38 or 47). Key 2 returns you to Screen 41, NAV Menu Cover Screen. Pressing Key 4, NEAR APTS, will take you to Screen 43, giving you the list of the ten nearest airports.

Screen 45: Ten Nearest Navaids Screen

To obtain a DIRECT TO for the chosen navaid all you have to do is press Key 5, labeled DIRECT TO, and you will switch back to (Screen

47) Map Mode with the selected DIRECT TO activated.

The Screen shown here shows the additional information about the navaid chosen on Screen 45, Ten Nearest Navaids.

From here by pressing Key 2 you will get back to Map Mode (Screen 38 or

47). To select another navaid from the Ten Nearest (Screen 45) you press Key 1. If you press Key 3, IDENT, the unit will mimic the Morse Code ident for the chosen navaid on the internal speaker (and on the external alarm if you switched this on in Screen 23, NAV Mode Customization Screen).

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Screen 46: Navaid Information Screen

KMD 150 Pilot's Guide

Nav Menu Screens

If you want to view the area immediately around the chosen navaid, press Key 4. This will call Screen 10A that is very similar to screen 10, the View and Edit User Waypoint on the Map Screen. Screen 10A will revert back to screen 46 after 30 seconds with no key or joystick activity or can be cancelled by pressing Key 1, PREV PAGE.

To obtain a DIRECT TO for the chosen navaid all you have to do is press Key 4, labeled DIRECT TO, and you will switch back to (Screen 47) Map Mode with the selected DIRECT TO activated.

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Nav Menu Screens

Intentionally left blank

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KMD 150 Pilot's Guide

Map Mode with Nav Information

MAP MODE WITH NAV INFORMATION

This section applies to Internal GPS mode only. Whenever a Flight Plan is active or you have called for a DIRECT TO, the map will have extra navigation information added to it and will resemble Screen 47. Alternatively you may have selected one of the other NAV Modes detailed in the NAV Menu Screens Section of this manual. The same navigation data is presented on all the alternative screens in different ways. The following text refers to the standard NAV Mode Screen setting (TOPO ON, SMALL TEXT). Alternative Screens 47A and 47B are discussed at the end of this section.

If the TOPO OFF, SMALL TEXT mode is selected, the map will display aeronautical data only on a black background.

Screen 47: Map Mode with NAV

Information Screen

The Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) at the bottom right of the map can be switched ON or OFF or be set to work numerically and the Full Scale Deflection (FSD) selected on Screen 23, NAV Mode Customization Screen. If you have selected the CDI alarm ON, when the last element of the CDI bar graph comes on (or when the full scale value as set on Screen 23 is reached) the internal and external alarms (if switched on) will beep at a rate of 2Hz for 5 seconds.

Key 5 will change to ALARM OFF and if you press this before the 5 seconds are up this will silence the alarm. When the alarm switches off automatically after 5 seconds, Key 5's label will go blank and have no function for 2 seconds then revert to DIRECT TO (or DIRECT TO OFF). This is to make sure you don't inadvertently select or cancel DIRECT TO mode if you press this key just as it is canceling automatically. The CDI alarm resets itself as soon as you come back within the full scale set. It will then be reactivated whenever the full scale is exceeded again.

The box at the bottom left of the map window shows the destination point when you are in DIRECT TO Mode preceded by the "DIRECT TO" symbol or the FROM and TO waypoints when you are in Flight Plan Mode. If the destination point has no name the text TEMP WPT will be shown.

A great deal of other navigation information is available to you above and below the map. Starting at the top of the screen on the left hand side you

Rev 3 Aug/2004 KMD 150 Pilot's Guide

Map Mode with Nav Information

will see DIS. This is the distance or range to run to the destination point from your present position. This distance figure is given in whichever units you selected on Screen 22, Map Customization Screen. In the left center of the screen at the top you can read BRG. This is the magnetic heading to steer (assuming no wind) to the next waypoint.

To the right of BRG at the top of the map is the ETE. This gives the Estimated Time Enroute (i.e. the estimated time in hours and minutes) that it will take you to get to the destination point from your present position assuming you maintain your present ground speed.

On the KMD 150 unit only, at the top right of the map is the ETA. This is the Estimated Time of Arrival at the next waypoint. Ensure you have set the local time offset correctly to get correct ETA's. Refer to the GPS Status Screens Section of this manual for more details. (The reason that ETA is not available when in External GPS mode is that, depending on the type of GPS receiver in use, real time and local time offset is not always known.)

In the left center of the screen at the bottom is TRK. This is the actual magnetic track the aircraft is traveling over the ground. By comparing this with your magnetic heading you can make an estimate of the crosswind component.

To the right of TRK is GS. This is the actual ground speed of the aircraft and is displayed in Knots if you set the map units to nautical miles on Screen 22, Map Customization Screen, MPH if you set them to statute miles or KPH if the map units are set to kilometers. By comparing the GS with your TAS you can make an estimate of the head or tail wind component. Alternatively refer to Screen 58, Density Altitude, True Air Speed, and Winds Aloft Screen in the E6B Calculator Screens Section of this manual.

If ground speed is less than 3 Kt., the map will revert to North Up even if Track Up is selected. This is to stop the map rotating when static due to the effects of SA (Selective Availability, see Appendix 3 for further details of SA).

If you have entered this Screen 47 by activating a flight plan, a DIRECT TO can be performed on top of the flight plan. You can initiate the DIRECT TO either to a point within the current active flight plan, an item from the database, by using the joystick pointer or by calling up one of the 10 nearest airports or navaids. In each case Key 5's label will change to "DIRECT TO OFF". The flight plan that was previously active will fall into the background and will be replaced by the DIRECT TO information. When the DIRECT TO destination is reached or whenever you press the DIRECT TO OFF Key (Key 5), the flight plan and its information will be reinstated.

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Map Mode with Nav Information

VIEWING ENROUTE ETA'S, PERFORMING A DIRECT-TO ON TOP OF FLIGHT PLAN

When flying a flight plan, the ETA's for each leg of the flight plan can be viewed on Screen 41A which is accessed by pressing Key 5 (DIRECT TO) on the MAP screen (screen 41) provided the joystick is not active.

On entry to Screen 41A, the cursor will be placed over the current destination waypoint.

PERFORMING A DIRECT-TO ON TOP OF A FLIGHT PLAN

The Direct-To function allows you to perform a short cut while flying a flight plan by skipping over intermediate legs and flying directly to a point further along your flight plan. Once the selected point is reached, the normal flight plan is automatically resumed.

Screen 41A: View ETA’s and Skip Leg

Screen

On the ETA's Screen (Screen 41A), Key 3 is labeled DIRECT TO. The cursor bar, which is highlighting the current destination waypoint, can be moved up and down the active flight plan with the joystick.

If a waypoint further down the flight plan is selected then the DIRECT TO key is hit, the unit will return to the map with a pseudo DIRECT TO running on top of the flight plan to the selected point. The CDI will be centered and the FROM-TO box will be replaced with a 'direct to' box. Once the selected point is reached, the normal flight plan is automatically resumed.

This function is very useful if you have been forced off your flight plan and wish to take the flight plan up again at a later waypoint.

PERFORMING A DIRECT TO A POINT NOT IN THE ACTIVE FLIGHT PLAN

Key 5, labeled DATABASE gives access to the entire database from which any point can be chosen to fly directly to. If you have a flight plan running and you use this process to fly directly to an unrelated destination, when that destination is reached or if the DIRECT TO is cancelled, the original flight plan will be resumed at its nearest point.

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Map Mode with Nav Information

ARRIVAL AT AN ENROUTE WAYPOINT

To set the radius for the Arrival Alarm you should refer to the data on Screen 23, NAV Mode Customization Screen. When the distance remaining to run to an enroute waypoint falls below the Arrival Alarm value, the [WPT ALERT] flag is displayed and the internal and external alarms (if switched on) beep at a rate of 2Hz for 5 seconds. To make the change to NEXT LEG you have to press Key 1 and if you wish to silence the alarm before the 5 seconds are up, simply press Key 5, the label of which has meantime changed to ALARM OFF. When the alarm is switched off automatically after 5 seconds, Key 5 will go blank and have no function for 2 seconds then revert to DIRECT TO. This is a safety measure to prevent you from inadvertently selecting DIRECT TO mode by pressing the key just as it is canceling automatically.

Screen 48: NAV Information and WPT

IMMINENT Flags Showing - Enroute

Screen

Once you have pressed Key 1 to select the next leg, Screen 47 reappears showing all the relevant information for the new leg. The next leg of the flight plan will now be displayed as a solid line.

If you pass the WPT, the flag will change to [WPT PASSED]. If the unit has been set up for AUTO NEXT LEG in Screen 23, then as the WPT is passed the unit will automatically revert to Screen 47 with all the new leg information. Key 1 will go blank and inactive for two seconds then revert to MAIN MENU.

When the WPT ALERT alarm has been given, a new box will appear at the bottom of the screen showing the new course [SET NEW CRS XXX] to steer for the next leg of the flight plan. The next leg of the flight plan will also be displayed as a dotted line.

Prior to reaching a waypoint within a flight plan, Turn Anticipation provides navigation along a curved path segment to ensure a smooth transition between two adjacent legs in the flight plan. The curved path segment is based upon the aircraft's ground speed and the amount of course angle change between the legs.

Turn Anticipation will only work if it is selected ON in Screen 23, NAV Mode Customization Screen, and if the course change is greater than 5°

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KMD 150 Pilot's Guide

Map Mode with Nav Information

and less than 90°. If the course change is less than 5° then turn anticipation is not necessary. If the course change is greater than 90° it is up to the pilot which way round the waypoint he turns.

If Turn Anticipation is set to ON and the upcoming leg satisfies the Turn Anticipation rules (i.e. course change >5° or <90°), the Turn Anticipation function is activated. If Turn Anticipation is switched OFF or the upcoming leg course change is >90°, you may get a STEEP TURN warning. The Steep Turn warning will be given if the upcoming turn will involve a bank angle in excess of 25° based on current ground speed.

ARRIVAL AT YOUR FINAL DESTINATION

This Screen appears whenever the next waypoint is the last in the current flight plan. When the distance to run to the last WPT falls below the Arrival Alarm value, the [WPT ALERT] flag is shown and the internal and external alarms (if switched on) beep at a rate of 2Hz for 5 seconds.

The label for Key 1 changes to NAV OFF and that for Key 5 changes to ALARM OFF. If you press Key 5 the audible alarm is silenced. The alarm will switch itself off automatically after 5 seconds, then after a further 2 seconds the label for Key 5 will revert to DIRECT TO (or DIRECT TO OFF if in DIRECT TO mode).

If you are in Flight Plan Mode when Key 1 is pressed, NAV Mode is cancelled and Screen 38 is called. If you are in DIRECT TO mode when Key 5 is pressed, DIRECT TO Mode is cancelled and Screen 38 will appear. If you are in DIRECT TO Mode with an underlying flight plan still active when you press Key 5, DIRECT TO Mode will be cancelled and Screen 47 will reappear with the original flight plan reinstated.

As the last WPT is passed, the flag will change to [WPT PASSED].

Rev 4 Apr/2005 KMD 150 Pilot's Guide

Screen 49: NAV Information and WPT

ALERT Flags Showing - Final Screen

Map Mode with Nav Information

ALTERNATIVE MAP MODES

You may have selected one of the other Map Modes detailed in the NAV Menu Screens Section of this manual. The same navigation data as described previously is presented on all the alternative screens in different ways.

LARGE TEXT MODE

When the KMD 150 in the Internal Navigation Mode, this Screen presents the numeric navigation information in large text laid over the map display in such a way as to allow you a forward view of the map if being used in Track Up Mode. As with standard Map Mode, the CDI scale and format may be adjusted. If the joystick is touched, the display will immediately revert to Topo On, Small Text format to allow full use of map graphics. When the joystick is reset or after 30 seconds with no key or joystick activity, Screen 47A will be reinstated. If the unit is External Navigation Mode, this Screen is not available.

Screen 47A: Topo On Large Text NAV

Information Screen

As Topo On, Small Text Map Mode, if the Topo Off Mode is selected, the map will display aeronautical data only on a black background.

CDI MODE

When the KMD 150 in the Internal Navigation Mode, this Screen presents numeric navigation information in small text but instead of a map display, shows a pseudo CDI complete with OBS knob. The aircraft icon in the center of the CDI will remain static and the outer ring represents the

Rev 3 Aug/2004

Screen 47B: Large Text & CDI (Pseudo

HSI) NAV Information Screen

KMD 150 Pilot's Guide

Map Mode with Nav Information

desired magnetic track between the start waypoint and the destination waypoint (i.e. magnetic bearing to waypoint if you were on track). On entering NAV Mode or activating a new flight plan leg or a DIRECT TO, the outer ring will show the desired track to the active waypoint.

A GPS TRACK bug that rotates with the aircraft's actual track, is positioned on the CDI outer ring. This indicates the actual magnetic track of the aircraft. There is also included a conventional TO / FROM flag.

Flying with the pseudo CDI is very similar to flying with a conventional VOR indicator. Off track error (XTE) is represented by a bar that moves left or right of center. The center of the scale represents the aircraft's position. As with a conventional CDI or VOR indicator, to correct your track error, fly towards the bar. The full scale deflection or scale of the CDI can be selected on Screen 23, NAV Mode Customization Screen.

In order to gain, and remain on the desired track, adjust your aircraft heading until the CDI bar is centered. Once the CDI bar is in the center of the display indicating no cross track error (XTE), adjust your aircraft heading in small increments until the track bug, which rotates around the outer ring, is at the top of the display.

Once the CDI is centered and the track bug is aligned at the top of the display you are flying precisely along your desired track. If the track bug is aligned at the top of the display but the CDI bar is not centered, this indicates you are flying parallel to your desired track by however far the XTE is indicating.

The TO / FROM flag will normally point up to indicate you are flying TO the waypoint. When you pass your destination waypoint, the TO / FROM flag will point down to indicate you have passed the waypoint and you are now flying away FROM your destination. As you pass your waypoint and the FROM flag appears, the desired track ring will remain fixed at the original desired track and the CDI will continue to show track error left or right of the extended leg line.

If, while enroute to a destination you decide that you would like to approach that destination point from an angle other than that displayed on the CDI by the desired track ring, you can alter the desired track setting by pushing the INC OBS (increment OBS) or DEC OBS (decrement OBS) Keys. This feature is not available in EXT GPS mode.

This has the effect of rotating your desired track ring and hence rotating the desired track line on the map screen using the destination point as a pivot. For example if you were approaching an airport from the south west on an inbound heading of 070° but the runway in use at that airport was 09, it may be desirable to approach the airport on a heading of 090° so that you were lined up for the approach.

By pressing the INC OBS Key you would increment the desired track setting from 070° to 090°. The CDI would then show a fly left indication because you would be off track to the right from your new track line. By

Rev 2 Oct/2002 KMD 150 Pilot's Guide

Map Mode with Nav Information

turning left it would then be possible to intercept the new track line then fly straight into the airport on the new approach heading.

If the joystick is touched, the display will immediately revert to Large Map format to allow full use of map graphics. When the joystick is reset, Screen 47B will be reinstated. When flying with the CDI selected, WPT ALERT messages and other warnings will be displayed in the CDI area. If the unit is External Navigation Mode, this Screen is not available.

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KMD 150 Pilot's Guide

E6-B CALCULATOR

E6-B functions are accessible by pressing Key 3, NOTE PAD, in Main Menu followed by Key 3, E6-B CALC, in the Note Pad Screen. This gives access to Screen 57, E6-B Calculator Screen. This function is not available in Demo Mode.

Key 1 returns you to Screen 2 Main Menu.

Key 2 calls Screen 58, the Density Altitude/TAS/Winds Aloft Calculator page.

Key 3 calls Screen 59, Vertical Navigation page.

Key 4 calls Screen 60, Trip/Fuel Planning page.

Key 5 calls Screen 61, Sunset/Sunrise Calculator page.

Screen 57: E6-B Calculator Cover Screen

E6-B Calculator

DENSITY ALTITUDE/TAS/WINDS ALOFT CALCULATOR

On entry to this Screen a cursor will be positioned over the Indicated Altitude (IALT) data entry field.

TO CALCULATE DENSITY ALTITUDE (DALT) AND TRUE AIRSPEED (TAS)

1. Enter the altitude reading from your altimeter next to the IALT heading. Default value on entry to Screen is internal GPS altitude for KMD 150 or 2000 if in External GPS mode.

2. Move the cursor over the entry field next to the heading IAS/CAS and enter your indicated or calibrated airspeed. Default value on entry to this Screen is GPS ground speed.

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Screen 58: Density Altitude, True Air

Speed & Winds Aloft Screen

E6-B Calculator

3. Move the cursor over the entry field next to the heading PRESS and enter the atmospheric pressure in either inches of mercury (Hg) or millibars (mb). Default value is 29.92Hg / 1013mb.

4. Move the cursor over the entry field next to the heading TAT and enter the total air temperature read from your external aircraft thermometer in either F or C. Default value on entry to this Screen is 59F/15C.

The calculated density altitude (DALT) and true airspeed (TAS) will now be correctly displayed in the lower half of the Screen.

TO CALCULATE WINDS ALOFT (WIND) AND HEADWIND / TAILWIND COMPONENT (COMP)

1. Ensure you have followed the previous four steps so that TAS has been correctly calculated.

2. Move the cursor over the entry field next to the word HDG and enter the magnetic heading of the aircraft from your compass or DI. Default value on entry to this Screen is GPS track

The wind direction and speed (WIND) along with the head or tailwind component (COMP) will now be displayed in the lower half of the Screen.

When the wind has been calculated and you return to the map Screen by pressing Key 5, MAP, a wind arrow will be displayed on screen, correctly orientated and pointing at the aircraft icon to give a visual representation of the wind direction with respect to the aircraft. The wind arrow will disappear after 30 seconds.

VERTICAL NAVIGATION (VNAV)

VNAV is a function that tells the pilot when to start descending or climbing in order to reach a certain altitude at a certain distance from the next waypoint and is entered by pressing Key 3, VNAV, on Screen 57, E6-B Calculator Cover Screen. This function is not available in External GPS mode.

This function can only be switched on when a Flight Plan is being flown or a DIRECT TO is being executed, in other words, when there is a valid destination waypoint.

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KMD 150 Pilot's Guide

On entry to Screen 59, if there is no active waypoint the DESTINATION box will read NO WAYPOINT. You must have an active waypoint in order to activate VNAV Mode. The name of the destination waypoint will be shown if available, otherwise NO WAYPOINT will be displayed.

E6-B Calculator

Once in the VNAV Screen you must enter the cruise altitude (the altitude FROM which you will descend), the final altitude (the altitude TO which you want to descend), the rate of descent (in FPM feet per minute) and the distance before the upcoming waypoint that you want to achieve the new level BY.

On entry to this Screen, the FROM value will default to GPS altitude if your unit has an internal GPS receiver or to 5000 feet if your unit is in External GPS mode (or the last set value). The TO value will default to 1500 feet (or the last set value). The BY value will default to 5.0nm (or last set value) and the AT value will default to 500fpm (or last set value).

The DESCEND IN box will show an active countdown of the time left before you should start your descent and will be recalculated if you change any of the four variables (FROM, TO, BY or AT).

If Screen 59 is entered then exited by pressing Key 1, VNAV mode is not activated, the values are simply retained for use later in the flight.

If Screen 59 is entered then exited by pressing Key 5, Screen 47, 47A or 47B (NAV Mode) Screen will be displayed with the following changes.

Rev 4 Apr/2005 KMD 150 Pilot's Guide

Screen 59: VNAV Setup Screen

E6-B Calculator

1. Key 5 will now read VNAV OFF and there is a new VNAV message box.

2. If the DESCEND IN counter is greater than 00:00, the new message box will show DESCEND IN with the counter value.

3. When the DESCEND IN counter reaches 00:00, the alarm will sound and a message will be displayed across the Screen saying START DESCENT NOW. Key 5 will change to ALARM OFF then back to VNAV OFF. Once Key 5 is hit or the alarm times out, the START DESCENT message will disappear and the VNAV message box will now show ADVISORY ALT: XXXXX ft and count down. The descent angle will be fixed at this point to prevent changes in ground speed from altering the descent profile.

When the advisory altitude is within 500 feet of the TO altitude, the alarm will sound again and a message will be displayed across the Screen saying FINAL ALT IMMINENT. Key 5 will change to ALARM OFF then back to VNAV OFF. Once Key 5 is hit or the alarm times out, the advisory altitude will continue to count down until it reaches the TO altitude. VNAV mode will then cancel automatically.

Should you wish to perform a DIRECT TO or select a new Flight Plan the VNAV Mode will need to be cancelled.

VNAV can be used for climbing as well as descending. If the FROM altitude is set to a lower value than the TO altitude then everywhere the words DESCENT and DESCEND appear, the word CLIMB will be used instead.

TRIP/FUEL PLANNING

This feature is entered by pressing Key 4, TRIP/FUEL, on Screen 57, E6-B Calculator Cover Screen, and allows you to call up any Flight Plan and view the following details about each leg of the Flight Plan. This feature can also be entered while flight planning from Screens 11 or 42, Flight Plan Selection Screens. This function is not available in External GPS mode.

1. BRG (Initial Track, True)

2. DIS (Leg Distance)

3. ETE (Leg Time)

4. REQ (Fuel Required for Leg)

And for the total Flight Plan:

1. DIS (Total Distance)

2. ETE (Total Flight Plan Time)

3. REQ (Total Fuel Required)

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KMD 150 Pilot's Guide

E6-B Calculator

All you need to input is your cruising speed and your fuel burn. Fuel burn is entered in units / hour. The units are not important. If you fill your aircraft tanks using US gallons, enter your fuel flow in US gallons / hour.

On entry to Screen 60, the cursor will be positioned over the flight plan number. Default speed will be 120 knots or that last set. Default flow/hour will be 6.0 or that last set. Moving the joystick up and down alters the flight plan number. Moving the joystick right moves the cursor down to the leg selection. Moving the joystick left moves the cursor up to the flow and speed settings.

When using this function for the first time, move the cursor up to SPEED and set the cruise speed of your aircraft. Move the cursor down to FLOW/HR and set the fuel flow per hour for your aircraft. These settings will be permanently stored for later use.

Screen 60: Trip / Fuel Flight Plan Select

Screen

Next move the cursor down and select the flight plan you want to perform the calculations for, then move the cursor down again and scroll through the legs of your chosen Flight Plan.

As you scroll through the flight plan, the seven calculated fields in the lower part of the Screen will be updated. The four values grouped together (DIS, BRG, ETE and REQ) are the DIS (Leg Distance), BRG (Initial Track, True), ETE (Leg Time) and REQ (Fuel required for Leg) for the leg displayed.

The three values grouped in the center of the screen (FPLN DIS, ETE and REQ) are the DIS (Total flight plan distance), ETE (Total flight plan time) and REQ (Total fuel required, no reserve) for the flight plan displayed.

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E6-B Calculator

SUNSET/SUNRISE CALCULATOR

This feature is entered by pressing Key 5, SUNSET/RISE, on Screen 57, E6-B Calculator Cover Screen, and allows you to calculate sunrise and sunset times for any point in the world. You will be asked to input a latitude, longitude and date. The sunrise and sunset time for that date will then be displayed in your local time.

On entry to this Screen the present or last known latitude and longitude will show. The present date (internal GPS only) will also show. If your unit is in External GPS mode, a default date value will be displayed.

You can now alter the latitude, longitude and time with the joystick or alter the latitude and longitude by choosing an item from the database. Key 5, DATABASE, calls Screen 13, Database Selection Screen, followed by 14 and 16. Once an item is selected, this Screen returns with the item's latitude and longitude and name showing.

Screen 61: Sunset/Sunrise Calculator

Screen

The POS, SUNRISE and SUNSET fields are all re calculated each time you alter the position or date.

NOTE:

The Sunrise and Sunset times displayed on this screen are displayed in YOUR LOCAL TIME (i.e. UTC + your local offset), not the local time of the position selected. Allowance must be made if the position you have selected is in a different time zone from that for which the unit is set up for.

Rev 2 Oct/2002

KMD 150 Pilot's Guide

BendixKing KMD 150 Pilots Guide

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual