BendixKing KLR 10 User Manual
KLR 10
Lift Reserve Indicator
Pilot’s
Guide
BendixK ing.com
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KLR 10 Pilot’s Guide
KLR 10™
LIFT RESERVE
INDICATOR
PILOT’S GUIDE
P/N D201306000109 Title
Rev 1 Feb 2014 Page T-1
KLR 10 Lift Reserve Indicator Pilot’s Guide
Revision History and Instructions
Manual KLR 10 Indicator Pilot’s Guide
Revision 1
Summary Revisions to various sentences for technical accuracy.
Removed Section 4.2 Honeywell Confidential.
Manual KLR 10 Indicator Pilot’s Guide
Revision 0
Summary This is a new release.
Record of Revisions
REVISION
NUMBER
0 JULY, 2013
1 FEBRUARY, 2014
REVISION
DATE
Title P/N D201306000109
Page T-2 Rev 1 Feb 2014
KLR 10 Lift Reserve Indicator Pilot’s Guide
Table of Contents
Section Page
1. Introduction ............................................................................. 1-1
1.1 Background Information: ................................................. 1-1
1.2 System Description .......................................................... 1-1
1.3 Restrictions and Limitations ............................................ 1-2
2. KLR 10 Controls...................................................................... 2-1
2.1 Power Up Self Test .......................................................... 2-1
2.2 KLR 10 Indicator Main Controls ...................................... 2-1
2.3 The KLR 10 Display Segments: ...................................... 2-4
2.4 Display Brightness Calibration ........................................ 2-7
2.5 Brightness Adjustment when Active ................................ 2-8
2.6 In-Flight Calibration Flow Charts ..................................... 2-8
3. Operation ................................................................................. 3-1
3.1 Practice High AOA Flight Regime ................................... 3-2
Observed Indications ...................................................... 3-3
3.2 Practice Takeoff and Climb using AOA ........................... 3-7
Establish Segments Illuminated ...................................... 3-8
Fly Practice Takeoffs for Familiarization ......................... 3-9
Observed Indications .................................................... 3-10
3.3 Practice Best Glide speed ............................................. 3-11
Establish Segments Illuminated .................................... 3-11
3.4 Practice Approaches using AOA ................................... 3-13
Establish Segments Illuminated .................................... 3-14
Fly Practice Approaches for Familiarization.................. 3-15
Useful Techniques when using KLR 10 Indicator ......... 3-16
NOTES .......................................................................... 3-18
4. Appendix ................................................................................. 4-1
4.1 Acronyms and Abbreviations ........................................... 4-1
4.2 Copyright - Notice ............................................................ 4-3
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KLR 10 Pilot’s Guide
List of Illustrations
Figure Page
Figure 2-1: KLR-10 Indicator Controls ............................................ 2-1
Figure 2-2: OAA Setpoint Calibration .............................................. 2-9
Figure 2-3: Cruise Setpoint Calibration ......................................... 2-10
List of Tables
Table Page
Table 2-1: KLR 10 Indicator Control Switch Features .................... 2-2
Table 2-2: KLR 10 Indicator Segments ........................................... 2-4
Table 3-1: Observed Indications Chart ......................................... 3-17
Table of Contents P/N D201306000109
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KLR 10 Lift Reserve Indicator Pilot’s Guide
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND INFORMATION:
The KLR 10 system is primarily designed to improve the pilot's
awareness of available lift during operations at high angles of attack
(AOA). Additional benefits include identifying or maximizing aircraft
performance based on a fixed AOA or a constant CL, such as
maximum range, best glide, climbs and approaches.
AOA: Angle of Attack is the acute angle between the
wing chord line and the relative wind.
CL: Coefficient of Lift is a relative measure of an
airfoil’s lifting capabilities.
C
Lmax: Coefficient of Lift Maximum is the AOA which if
exceeded will cause the airfoil to stall.
C
D: Coefficient of Drag is a measure of total drag,
induced and parasite drag.
C
L/CD: Coefficient of Lift over Coefficient of Drag is a
ratio between lift and drag.
C
L/CD Maximum: The maximum lift-to-drag ratio at which
maximum range and maximum glide distance will
be found for propeller airplanes.
1.2 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The KLR 10 measures pressure at two points from an AOA probe
mounted solidly to the wing in reference to the cord of the wing that
conveys changing differential pressures, via sense lines, to the
KLR 10 IF module. The IF module converts the pressures into an
electronic signal that is transmitted to the KLR 10 indicator.
The KLR 10 indicator interprets the signal and turns on the
appropriate segments to convey the AOA or lift information to the
pilot. In addition to the visual display, the IF module also has an I/O
connector that allows connection of the remote audio interface
system that provides warning annunciations in the pilot’s headset.
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KLR 10 Pilot’s Guide
The KLR 10 draws a minimal current of less than approximately ¼
amp (250mA) of electrical power. For the system to operate
correctly, it must be supplied electrical power within a range of 12 to
28VDC and be calibrated correctly.
The AOA probe must be kept clear of any obstructions and be
mounted securely, in clean air flow. The final AOA probe to wing
angle will be determined by the amount the bottom of the wing varies
from parallel to the cord of the wing. For most aircraft, the starting
angle is 50 degrees from the leading edge of the AOA probe
mounting plate. The KLR 10 system will adjust for differences within
a limited electrical signal range. AOA Probe angle readjustment
may be needed to allow for full scale electronic calibration.
Probe heat is an option, and if installed, requires less than 8 amps of
electrical power at 12 or 24VDC to operate. To extend the life of the
probe heat element, it is recommended that the probe heat not be
used for prolonged periods while on the ground.
The KLR 10, when properly calibrated in accordance with the
BendixKing KLR 10 Installation Manual part number
D201305000058, will have an accuracy of ±3% over the full scale of
the calibration. This accuracy is maintained over a sideslip range of
±15 degrees.
1.3 RESTRICTIONS AND LIMITATIONS
The KLR 10 Lift Indicator is non-required and is to be used only as
supplemental information to the pilot.
The KLR 10 Lift Indicator may not be used as a substitution for the
certified aircraft stall warning system.
No operational credit may be taken for such items as reduced
approach speed and shorter landing distances.
Introduction P/N D201306000109
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KLR 10 Lift Reserve Indicator Pilot’s Guide
2. KLR 10 CONTROLS
2.1 POWER UP SELF TEST
When power is first applied to the KLR 10 (only after ground, OAA
and Cruise are fully calibrated per the Installation Manual), the
KLR 10 runs through a built in test. During the test, the segments
cycle up and then down the display. When the test is complete, the
segments turn off and the KLR 10 annunciates “AOA test complete”.
2.2 KLR 10 INDICATOR MAIN CONTROLS
Figure 2-1: KLR-10 Indicator Controls
Use the table below for a description of the functionality of the
controls in Figure 2-1
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KLR 10 Pilot’s Guide
When the LED is illuminated, audio is
his switch
Rotary switch used to enter calibration
mode. When the slot is in the vertical
is activated. When the slot is turned to
mode button is pressed one time, the
calibration mode is exited and the
unit announces: “Calibration
Table 2-1: KLR 10 Indicator Control Switch Features
ITEM CONTROL FUNCTION
1 Audio “Mute”
Amber LED
muted. When the LED is not illuminated,
audio is not muted.
2 Audio “Mute”
Toggle Switch
3 Calibration
Mode Switch
In the UP position, this switch mutes the
audio and illuminates the amber LED (1)
on the KLR 10 indicator.
In the down position, t
activates the high AOA warning
annunciations and the amber LED (1) on
the KLR 10 indicator is not illuminated.
position and the brightness mode button
is pressed one time, the calibration mode
the horizontal position and the brightness
KLR 10
Mode Off”.
KLR 10 Controls P/N D201306000109
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KLR 10 Lift Reserve Indicator Pilot’s Guide
button on the lower right corner of the
the brightness levels of the
colored segments (Quickly push and
release to cycle thru 16 brightness
into and out of OAA and Cruise
calibration steps when the calibration
more information on how to set the
The calibration set push button is the
corner and is recessed underneath the
front case. The calibration set button is
used to enter selected calibration set
points (Ground Zero, OAA and Cruise)
during the calibration procedure. It can
Multicolored segments that correspond
to different angles of attack for the
display and automatically
ITEM CONTROL FUNCTION
4 Brightness /
MODE Push
Button Switch
(Multiple
Functions)
5 The “CAL
SET” push
button
The Brightness button is the black push
display.
The Brightness button has 2 functions:
Changes
levels),
Operates as a MODE switch, to enter
rotary switch is vertical. See page 2-7 for
Brightness levels.
black button located at the bottom right
be actuated using a pencil or other small
blunt pointer.
6 Display
Segments
aircraft.
7 Auto
Brightness
Photo Cell
The photo cell is in the top, middle of the
KLR 10
detects the ambient light changes which
will switch from daytime brightness
preset to nighttime brightness presets.
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KLR 10 Pilot’s Guide
other segments indicates
2.3 THE KLR 10 DISPLAY SEGMENTS:
The KLR 10 display has chevron and bar styled LED-driven colorcoded segments which, once correctly calibrated in accordance with
the BendixKing KLR 10 Installation Manual, part number
D201305000058, illuminate corresponding to the AOA of the aircraft.
The display will respond to the linear changes of the aircraft’s AOA
from Cruise, up to Stall and gives a repeatable, instantaneously
changing segment representation of that range. The display will
illuminate a series of transitional segments from no segments to the
Green Bar (“Cruise” indication for the aircraft located at
the bottom of the display), and on through to the flashing Red
Arrow “ ” (stall indication for the aircraft located at the
top of the display).
A correctly calibrated KLR 10 will provide a linear increase in AOA
indication as the aircraft slows. The final “Too slow Too slow” alert
with flashing red arrow MUST be active prior to the actual
aerodynamic stall. Ensure during post-calibration testing that the
final KLR 10 alert state is displayed prior to any stall indications.
The 10 possible segment combinations are listed below. Every
aircraft will correlate the lit segment or combination of segments to
the specific aircraft’s AOA dynamics, once calibrated. The
relationship of when and which combination shows is unique to the
aircraft’s AOA and can be accurately correlated ONLY when in-flight.
Table 2-2: KLR 10 Indicator Segments
SEGMENT ABBR CONDITION
G
Green Bar with no other segments
indicates Cruise set point, (lots of
lift).
Y1
Single lower Yellow Bar with no
slowing/moderate AOA.
KLR 10 Controls P/N D201306000109
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