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KLN 35A
User Manual
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BendixKing KLN 35A User Manual

Pilot’s Guide
KLN 35A
Bendix/King
Global Positioning System
®
ORS 01
A
WARNING
COPYRIGHT NOTICE
©1996 AlliedSignal, Inc.
Reproduction of this publication or any portion thereof by any means without the express written permission of AlliedSignal Commercial Avionics Systems is prohibited. For further information contact the Manager, Technical Publications; AlliedSignal Commercial Avionics Systems; 400 North Rogers Road; Olathe, Kansas 66062. Telephone: (913) 782-0400.
AlliedSignal, Inc. Commercial Avionics Systems 400 North Rogers Road Olathe, Kansas 66062-1294 FAX: 913-791-1302 TELEPHONE: 913-782-0400
006-08791-0000 Rev. 2 4/97
A
KLN 35A Pilot’s Guide
006-08791-0000
for KLN 35A
with
Operational Re vision Status ORS 01
April 1997
Revision History and Instructions Manual KLN 35A Pilots Guide Revision 2, April 1997 Part Number 006-08791-0000 Typographical and spelling errors corrected on pages; 3-27, 3-41,
3-65 and 3-67. Illustration corrections on figures; 3-184 and 4-20. Database Form Corrections. Added warning and copyright notices on front cover. Added revision page R-1. Deleted EFF-1 through EFF-6 pages.
R-1
Effective Date 4/97006-08791-0000 Rev 2
NOTE: A “whiskers” border is used around
åå.ånm ZBV ееееее BIMINI #>Leg N 25 VOR 1 W 79
data on some of the figures in this Pilot's Guide to indicate that the data inside the border is flashing.

KLN 35A Pilot’s Guide Table of Contents

INTRODUCTION..............................................................................i
KLN 35A SNEAK PREVIEW .........................................................ii
HOW-TO INDEX ............................................................................iv
1. KLN 35A SYSTEM COMPONENTS .......................................1-1
2. DATA BASE ...........................................................................2-1
2.1. Data Basics .....................................................................2-1
2.2. Data Base Contents and Coverage Areas ......................2-1
2.3. ICAO Identifiers ...............................................................2-3
2.4. Updating the Data Base ..................................................2-4
2.5. User Defined Data Base ..................................................2-7
2.6. Data Base Update Service Options .................................2-7
3. BASIC GPS OPERATION ......................................................3-1
3.1. Coverage Area ................................................................3-1
3.2. Turn-on and Self Test ......................................................3-1
3.3. Display Format ................................................................3-7
3.4. Basic Operation of Panel Controls ................................3-10
3.4.1. Page Selection ......................................................3-10
3.4.2. Data Entry .............................................................3-12
3.4.3. The Duplicate Waypoint Page ..............................3-15
3.4.4. Cyclic Fields ..........................................................3-16
3.5. Message Page ..............................................................3-17
3.6. Initialization and Time to First Fix ..................................3-18
3.7. Selecting and Scanning Waypoints ...............................3-20
3.7.1. Selecting Waypoints by Identifier ..........................3-21
3.7.2. Selecting Waypoints by Scanning .........................3-22
3.7.4. Selecting Waypoints by Name or City ...................3-24
3.8. “Nearest” Functions ......................................................3-26
3.8.1. Viewing the Nearest Waypoints ............................3-27
3.8.1.1 Nearest Airport Criteria .................................3-28
3.8.1.2 Continuous Display of Nearest Airport ..........3-29
3.8.2. Viewing the Nearest Special Use Airspaces .........3-29
3.8.3. Viewing the Nearest Flight Service Station
Frequencies ..........................................................3-31
3.8.4. Viewing the Nearest Center Frequencies .............3-32
3.9. Direct to Operation ........................................................3-32
3.9.1. Initiating a Direct To ..............................................3-33
3.9.2. Canceling a Direct To ...........................................3-35
TOC-1
Effective Date 5/95006-08791-0000 Rev 0
Table of Contents
3.9.3. Waypoint Alerting for Direct To Operation ............3-35
3.10. Navigation Pages ........................................................3-36
3.10.1. The Navigation 1 (NAV 1) Page ..........................3-36
3.10.2. The Navigation 2 (NAV 2) Page ..........................3-39
3.10.3. The Navigation 3 (NAV 3) Page ..........................3-40
3.10.4. The Navigation 4 (NAV 4) Page ..........................3-40
3.11. Waypoint Pages ..........................................................3-45
3.11.1. Airport Pages ......................................................3-45
3.11.1.1. The Airport 1 (APT 1) Page ........................3-45
3.11.1.2. The Airport 2 (APT 2) Page ........................3-46
3.11.1.3. The Airport 3 (APT 3) Page ........................3-47
3.11.1.4. The Airport 4 (APT 4) Page ........................3-48
3.11.1.5. The Airport 5 (APT 5) Page ........................3-50
3.11.2. VOR Pages .........................................................3-51
3.11.2.1. The VOR 1 Page ........................................3-51
3.11.2.2. The VOR 2 Page ........................................3-51
3.11.3. NDB Pages .........................................................3-52
3.11.3.1. The NDB 1 Page .........................................3-52
3.11.3.2. The NDB 2 Page .........................................3-52
3.11.4. Supplemental Waypoint Pages ...........................3-53
3.11.4.1. The Supplemental 0 (SUP 0) Page .............3-53
3.11.4.2. The Supplemental 1 (SUP 1) Page ............3-53
3.11.4.3. The Supplemental 2 (SUP 2) Page ............3-54
3.11.4.4. The Supplemental 3 (SUP 3) Page .............3-54
3.12. Viewing and Setting the Date and Time ......................3-55
3.13. The Other (OTH) Pages ..............................................3-57
3.13.1. Determining the Status of the GPS Signals ........3-57
3.13.2. Viewing and Deleting User Waypoints and
Waypoint Remarks ..........................................3-59
3.13.2.1.The OTH 3 Page ..........................................3-60
3.13.2.2. The OTH 4 Page .........................................3-61
3.13.3. Viewing the KLN 35A Software Status and
Time of Operation ...........................................3-61
3.15. Special Use Airspace Alerting .....................................3-62
3.16 Sample Trip .................................................................3-65
3.16.1 Pre-departure ......................................................3-65
3.16.2 En route ..............................................................3-66
3.16.3 Terminal Area .....................................................3-67
Effective Date 5/95 006-08791-0000 Rev 0
TOC-2
KLN 35A Pilot’s Guide T able of Contents
4. ADVANCED GPS OPERATION .............................................4-1
4.1. Creating and Modifying Flight Plans ................................4-1
4.1.1. Creating a Flight Plan .............................................4-1
4.1.2. Viewing Distance and Desired Track
Between Stored Flight Plan Waypoints ...................4-3
4.1.3. Activating a Numbered Flight Plan ..........................4-4
4.1.4. Adding a Waypoint to a Flight Plan .........................4-5
4.1.5. Deleting a Waypoint from a Flight Plan ...................4-6
4.1.6. Deleting Flight Plans ...............................................4-6
4.1.7. Storing FPL 0 as a Numbered Flight Plan ..............4-7
4.2. Operating from the Active Flight Plan ..............................4-8
4.2.1. General Procedures ................................................4-8
4.2.2. Turn Anticipation and Waypoint Alerting .................4-9
4.2.3. Viewing the Waypoint Pages for the Active
Flight Plan Waypoints ...........................................4-10
4.2.4. Combining Direct To and Flight Plan Operation ...4-11
4.2.5. Viewing Distance, ETE, ETA, or Desired Track
to Flight Plan Waypoints .......................................4-13
4.3. Calculator Pages ...........................................................4-14
4.3.1. The Calculator 1 (CAL 1) Page .............................4-14
4.3.2. The Calculator 2 (CAL 2) Page .............................4-16
4.3.3. The Calculator 3 (CAL 3) Page .............................4-18
4.3.4. The Calculator 4 (CAL 4) Page .............................4-19
4.3.5. The Calculator 5 (CAL 5) Page .............................4-20
4.3.6. The Calculator 6 (CAL 6) Page .............................4-20
4.4. Creating User-defined Waypoints ................................4-21
4.4.1. Creating a Waypoint at Your Present Position ......4-22
4.4.2. Creating a Waypoint at a Certain
Latitude/Longitude .................................................4-23
4.4.3. Creating a Waypoint Referenced from
Another Waypoint ..................................................4-24
4.5. Navigation Modes ..........................................................4-25
4.5.1. Selecting the Leg Mode or the OBS mode ...........4-26
4.5.2. The En route-Leg Mode ........................................4-26
4.5.3. The En route-OBS Mode ......................................4-27
4.5.4. Effects of Switching From En route-OBS
Mode to En route-Leg Mode .................................4-28
4.5.5. Activating a Waypoint While in the
En route-OBS Mode ..............................................4-28
TOC-3
Effective Date 3/96006-08791-0000 Rev 1
Table of Contents
4.6. Operation Outside the Primary Coverage Area .............4-29
4.7. Using the Take-home Mode ..........................................4-30
APPENDIX A - NAVIGATION TERMS .......................................A-1
APPENDIX B - MESSAGE PAGE MESSAGES .........................B-1
APPENDIX C - SCRATCHPAD MESSAGES .............................C-1
APPENDIX D - ABBREVIATIONS ..............................................D-1
State Abbreviations ................................................................D-1
Canadian Province Abbreviations ..........................................D-2
Country Abbreviations ...........................................................D-2
ARTCC Abbreviations ............................................................D-8
Other Abbreviations Used on KLN 35A Pages ....................D-17
APPENDIX E - LAT/LON CONVERSIONS ................................E-1
APPENDIX F - GPS PRIMER .....................................................F-1
Effective Date 5/95 006-08791-0000 Rev 0
TOC-4
KLN 35A Pilot’s Guide Introduction
INTRODUCTION
Thank you for choosing the Bendix/King KLN 35A GPS. If you’ve never used GPS before, you’ll find it will change the way you fly. The moving map graphics with special use airspace boundaries will give you an extra feeling of security during all of your time in the air. All in all, it will let you concentrate on the fun in flying, and isn’t that why you learned to fly in the first place?
This Pilot's Guide should be of great help to you. It is written in plain, simple English and it assumes you are not an experienced user of GPS or other type of long range navigation equipment. If you are experienced, so much the better. This Pilot's Guide also includes hundreds of sample screen figures and other illustrations to make your learning easier. It is designed so that you can start at the front and progress in the order presented; however, you may want to skip around and learn things in your own order. Also, on page iv, there is an index of frequently used procedures which will help you find the page that describes how to do exactly what you want to do. There are also several appendices in the back of the manual that you may find useful from time to time.
Be sure to keep this Pilot's Guide handy with you in the airplane. It is designed to fit easily in the glove box, or in the seat pocket. The KLN 35A is very simple to operate, but the Pilot's Guide can sure be of help to you.
One last thing. Don't get so involved in learning to use the KLN 35A that you forget to fly the airplane. Be careful, and remember to keep a close eye out for other aircraft.
i
Effective Date 5/95006-08791-0000 Rev 0
Introduction
KLN 35A SNEAK PREVIEW
If you absolutely can't wait to use your KLN 35A until you've read this Pilot's Guide, this section is for you. This page will teach you just enough to get going and then learn by doing. This operational pre­view assumes the KLN 35A has been properly installed, the unit was previously operational in the same general geographical location, and that no peripheral equipment interfaced with the KLN 35A (such as external HSIs, CDIs, autopilots, moving map display, etc.) is to be used at this time. If you are using this operational preview in flight, do so only in good VFR conditions and only with an alternate means of navigation (including pilotage) available to cross-check position.
1.Turn the unit on by pushing in the On/Off switch (the small knob
in upper left hand corner).
2.For a few seconds, the Turn On Page is displayed while the unit
runs a self-test. Afterwards, the Self-test Page is displayed. If the KLN 35A is receiving an altitude from an encoding altimeter, the present altitude will be displayed on line 3. The bottom line should display Passand a flashing Ok?. Press the
to approve the Self-test Page.
3.The Initialization Page will now be displayed. If the date and time
are incorrect by more than 10 minutes, refer to section 3.2 of this Pilot's Guide. The right side of the screen should show the identifier of the nearest airport to the initial position, along with a radial and distance from that airport waypoint. Press Fwith the cursor flashing over Ok?to approve the Initialization Page.
Fbutton
4.The VFR page will now be displayed to notify you that the GPS is
for VFR use only. Press Fto approve this page.
5.A Data Base Page is now displayed showing the date the data
base expires or the date it expired. Press Fto acknowledge the information displayed on this page.
Effective Date 5/95 006-08791-0000 Rev 0
ii
KLN 35A Pilot’s Guide Introduction
6. The next page displayed will probably be a page showing the VHF communication frequencies for the airport you are at. For now, use the right outer knob to turn to the NAV page type (watch the lower left corner of the screen and the small bar at the bottom to know when you are there). Then use the right inner knob to select the NAV 2 page if not already there. The NAV 2 page shows your present position relative to a nearby VOR. Verify that this position is correct before proceeding.
7. Press the D button. A page with the words DIRECT TO is now displayed on the screen.
In step 8 you will enter the ICAO identifier of the airport. The identifier will have a "K" prefix for a Continental U.S. airport, a "C" prefix for a Canadian airport, or a "P" prefix (in some cases) for an Alaskan airport if the identifier is all letters. For example, LAX becomes KLAX. For these countries if the identifier contains any numbers, there is no prefix. For example, TX04 is entered TX04. For other areas of the world the airport identifier should be entered identically to how it is charted.
8. Rotate the right inner knob until the first character of the airport identifier is displayed. Turn the right outer knob one step clock­wise to move the flashing segment to the second character position. Rotate the right inner knob to select the second charac­ter of the identifier. Use this procedure to enter the complete airport identifier.
9. Press F. The display will change to a page showing the identi­fier, name, city, and state/country of the airport just entered. Confirm that the correct airport is displayed. Press F a second time to approve the airport data.
10. A Navigation page is now on the screen. It displays the distance, groundspeed, bearing, and ETE to the destination airport. In addition, it displays a course deviation indicator (CDI).
See--wasn't that easy?
iii
Effective Date 5/95006-08791-0000 Rev 0
Introduction
HOW-TO INDEX
This index will help you quickly find important procedures at a glance. The list is alphabetized by action words.
TO: SEE PAGE:
Activate a waypoint in OBS mode without changing the
selected course................................................................................4-29
Activate one of the previously created numbered flight plans ..............4-4
Add a waypoint to a flight plan ..............................................................4-5
Calculate density altitude ....................................................................4-19
Calculate distance and time for a flight plan .......................................4-16
Calculate distance, bearing, and time from waypoint to waypoint......4-15
Calculate fuel requirements for a flight plan........................................4-18
Calculate fuel requirements from waypoint to waypoint .....................4-16
Calculate the pressure altitude............................................................4-18
Calculate true airspeed (TAS).............................................................4-20
Calculate winds aloft ...........................................................................4-21
Cancel Direct To operation .................................................................3-35
Change a cyclic field ...........................................................................3-16
Change navigation modes ..................................................................4-26
Change the default first waypoint character........................................3-14
Change the NAV 2 page present position reference waypoint...........3-39
Create a flight plan ................................................................................4-2
Create a user-defined waypoint at your present position ...................4-22
Create a user-defined waypoint using the radial/distance method.....4-24
Create a user-defined waypoint with latitude/longitude......................4-23
Cycle between distance and desired track display on a
numbered flight plan page..................................................................4-4
Cycle between distance, ETE, ETA, and desired track on the
FPL 0 page.......................................................................................4-13
Delete a flight plan which is no longer required....................................4-6
Delete a user-defined waypoint from the OTH 3 page.......................3-60
Delete a waypoint from a flight plan......................................................4-6
Delete a waypoint remark from the OTH 4 page................................3-61
Display the nearest airport continuously.............................................3-29
Effective Date 5/95 006-08791-0000 Rev 0
iv
KLN 35A Pilot’s Guide Introduction
TO: SEE PAGE:
Enter a user-defined waypoint remark on the SUP 3 page................3-54
Enter a waypoint identifier...................................................................3-13
Enter an airport remark on the APT 5 page........................................3-50
Enter the local magnetic variation manually on the SET 2 page........4-30
Fly Direct To a waypoint......................................................................3-33
Fly direct to a waypoint in the active flight plan (FPL 0) .....................4-12
Initialize the position from the SET 1 page .........................................3-19
Recenter the D-Bar by going direct to the active waypoint.................3-35
Select a VOR or NDB by navaid name...............................................3-24
Select a waypoint by identifier from a waypoint page.........................3-21
Select a waypoint by scanning with the cursor off..............................3-22
Select a waypoint by scanning with the cursor on..............................3-23
Select an airport by scanning the airport name ..................................3-25
Set the date on the SET 2 page..........................................................3-55
Set the time on the SET 2 page..........................................................3-56
Specify the nearest airport criteria ......................................................3-28
Store the active flight plan as a numbered flight plan...........................4-7
Turn on and initialize the KLN 35A........................................................3-2
Update the KLN 35A data base ............................................................2-5
View a message..................................................................................3-17
View the waypoints in the flight plan that are not the
active waypoint.................................................................................4-11
v
Effective Date 5/95006-08791-0000 Rev 0
KLN 35A Pilot’s Guide Introduction

INTRODUCTION

Thank you for choosing the Bendix/King KLN 35A GPS. If you’ve never used GPS before, you’ll find it will change the way you fly. The moving map graphics with special use airspace boundaries will give you an extra feeling of security during all of your time in the air. All in all, it will let you concentrate on the fun in flying, and isn’t that why you learned to fly in the first place?
This Pilot's Guide should be of great help to you. It is written in plain, simple English and it assumes you are not an experienced user of GPS or other type of long range navigation equipment. If you are experienced, so much the better. This Pilot's Guide also includes hundreds of sample screen figures and other illustrations to make your learning easier. It is designed so that you can start at the front and progress in the order presented; however, you may want to skip around and learn things in your own order. Also, on page iv, there is an index of frequently used procedures which will help you find the page that describes how to do exactly what you want to do. There are also several appendices in the back of the manual that you may find useful from time to time.
Be sure to keep this Pilot's Guide handy with you in the airplane. It is designed to fit easily in the glove box, or in the seat pocket. The KLN 35A is very simple to operate, but the Pilot's Guide can sure be of help to you.
One last thing. Don't get so involved in learning to use the KLN 35A that you forget to fly the airplane. Be careful, and remember to keep a close eye out for other aircraft.
i
Effective Date 5/95006-08791-0000 Rev 0
Introduction

KLN 35A SNEAK PREVIEW

If you absolutely can't wait to use your KLN 35A until you've read this Pilot's Guide, this section is for you. This page will teach you just enough to get going and then learn by doing. This operational pre­view assumes the KLN 35A has been properly installed, the unit was previously operational in the same general geographical location, and that no peripheral equipment interfaced with the KLN 35A (such as external HSIs, CDIs, autopilots, moving map display, etc.) is to be used at this time. If you are using this operational preview in flight, do so only in good VFR conditions and only with an alternate means of navigation (including pilotage) available to cross-check position.
1.Turn the unit on by pushing in the On/Off switch (the small knob in upper left hand corner).
2.For a few seconds, the Turn On Page is displayed while the unit runs a self-test. Afterwards, the Self-test Page is displayed. If the KLN 35A is receiving an altitude from an encoding altimeter, the present altitude will be displayed on line 3. The bottom line should display Passand a flashing Ok?. Press the
to approve the Self-test Page.
3.The Initialization Page will now be displayed. If the date and time are incorrect by more than 10 minutes, refer to section 3.2 of this Pilot's Guide. The right side of the screen should show the identifier of the nearest airport to the initial position, along with a radial and distance from that airport waypoint. Press Fwith the cursor flashing over Ok?to approve the Initialization Page.
Fbutton
4.The VFR page will now be displayed to notify you that the GPS is for VFR use only. Press Fto approve this page.
5.A Data Base Page is now displayed showing the date the data base expires or the date it expired. Press Fto acknowledge the information displayed on this page.
Effective Date 5/95 006-08791-0000 Rev 0
ii
KLN 35A Pilot’s Guide Introduction
6. The next page displayed will probably be a page showing the VHF communication frequencies for the airport you are at. For now, use the right outer knob to turn to the NAV page type (watch the lower left corner of the screen and the small bar at the bottom to know when you are there). Then use the right inner knob to select the NAV 2 page if not already there. The NAV 2 page shows your present position relative to a nearby VOR. Verify that this position is correct before proceeding.
7. Press the D button. A page with the words DIRECT TO is now displayed on the screen.
In step 8 you will enter the ICAO identifier of the airport. The identifier will have a "K" prefix for a Continental U.S. airport, a "C" prefix for a Canadian airport, or a "P" prefix (in some cases) for an Alaskan airport if the identifier is all letters. For example, LAX becomes KLAX. For these countries if the identifier contains any numbers, there is no prefix. For example, TX04 is entered TX04. For other areas of the world the airport identifier should be entered identically to how it is charted.
8. Rotate the right inner knob until the first character of the airport identifier is displayed. Turn the right outer knob one step clock­wise to move the flashing segment to the second character position. Rotate the right inner knob to select the second charac­ter of the identifier. Use this procedure to enter the complete airport identifier.
9. Press F. The display will change to a page showing the identi­fier, name, city, and state/country of the airport just entered. Confirm that the correct airport is displayed. Press F a second time to approve the airport data.
10. A Navigation page is now on the screen. It displays the distance, groundspeed, bearing, and ETE to the destination airport. In addition, it displays a course deviation indicator (CDI).
See--wasn't that easy?
iii
Effective Date 5/95006-08791-0000 Rev 0
Introduction

HOW-TO INDEX

This index will help you quickly find important procedures at a glance. The list is alphabetized by action words.
TO: SEE PAGE:
Activate a waypoint in OBS mode without changing the
selected course................................................................................4-29
Activate one of the previously created numbered flight plans ..............4-4
Add a waypoint to a flight plan ..............................................................4-5
Calculate density altitude ....................................................................4-19
Calculate distance and time for a flight plan .......................................4-16
Calculate distance, bearing, and time from waypoint to waypoint......4-15
Calculate fuel requirements for a flight plan........................................4-18
Calculate fuel requirements from waypoint to waypoint .....................4-16
Calculate the pressure altitude............................................................4-18
Calculate true airspeed (TAS).............................................................4-20
Calculate winds aloft ...........................................................................4-21
Cancel Direct To operation .................................................................3-35
Change a cyclic field ...........................................................................3-16
Change navigation modes ..................................................................4-26
Change the default first waypoint character........................................3-14
Change the NAV 2 page present position reference waypoint...........3-39
Create a flight plan ................................................................................4-2
Create a user-defined waypoint at your present position ...................4-22
Create a user-defined waypoint using the radial/distance method.....4-24
Create a user-defined waypoint with latitude/longitude......................4-23
Cycle between distance and desired track display on a
numbered flight plan page..................................................................4-4
Cycle between distance, ETE, ETA, and desired track on the
FPL 0 page.......................................................................................4-13
Delete a flight plan which is no longer required....................................4-6
Delete a user-defined waypoint from the OTH 3 page.......................3-60
Delete a waypoint from a flight plan......................................................4-6
Delete a waypoint remark from the OTH 4 page................................3-61
Display the nearest airport continuously.............................................3-29
Effective Date 5/95 006-08791-0000 Rev 0
iv
KLN 35A Pilot’s Guide Introduction
TO: SEE PAGE:
Enter a user-defined waypoint remark on the SUP 3 page................3-54
Enter a waypoint identifier...................................................................3-13
Enter an airport remark on the APT 5 page........................................3-50
Enter the local magnetic variation manually on the SET 2 page........4-30
Fly Direct To a waypoint......................................................................3-33
Fly direct to a waypoint in the active flight plan (FPL 0) .....................4-12
Initialize the position from the SET 1 page .........................................3-19
Recenter the D-Bar by going direct to the active waypoint.................3-35
Select a VOR or NDB by navaid name...............................................3-24
Select a waypoint by identifier from a waypoint page.........................3-21
Select a waypoint by scanning with the cursor off..............................3-22
Select a waypoint by scanning with the cursor on..............................3-23
Select an airport by scanning the airport name ..................................3-25
Set the date on the SET 2 page..........................................................3-55
Set the time on the SET 2 page..........................................................3-56
Specify the nearest airport criteria ......................................................3-28
Store the active flight plan as a numbered flight plan...........................4-7
Turn on and initialize the KLN 35A........................................................3-2
Update the KLN 35A data base ............................................................2-5
View a message..................................................................................3-17
View the waypoints in the flight plan that are not the
active waypoint.................................................................................4-11
v
Effective Date 5/95006-08791-0000 Rev 0
N
S
E
W
TO
FR
33
30
24
21
15
12
6
3
OBS
GS
N A V
ı
GS
ı
N
33
30
W
24
21
S
15
12
E
6
3
HDGNAV
GS
AIRCRAFT
POWER
ALTITUDE
14V
GRAY CODE
WPT ALERT
MESSAGE
MOVING MAP
DISPLAYS
ARTEX ELS-10
ALT HDG NAV APR APGS
ALT HDG NAV APR BC
AP ENG
TEST
KC 193
YD
RN RC PC
BC
ı
DN
UP
KA 92 GPS ANTENNA
HSI
CDI
AUTOPILOT
REMOTE ANNUNCIATORS
RS-232
OUTPUT
KLN 35A SYSTEM
REQUIRED OPTIONAL
OR
KI 525A KI 206
89.6nm ∂∆ KOSH 105kt > ««««∑∏π«««« >Leg DTK343° TK344° NAV 1 >345°To 0:51
APT VOR NDB SUP ACT NAV FPL CAL SET OTH
GPS
KLN 35A
B
CRSR
MSG D CLR ENT
Pull SCAN
Push
ON
∫
NRST
1-0
System Components
Chapter 1
System Components
Effective Date 5/95 006-08791-0000 Rev 0
KLN 35A Pilot’s Guide System Components

1. KLN 35A SYSTEM COMPONENTS

A basic KLN 35A system consists of a panel mounted KLN 35A GPS and a KA 92 GPS antenna. An altitude input is required to obtain full navigation and operational capabilities. Additional system compo­nents may be added or interfaced to the KLN 35A which increase its features and capabilities. Some of these optional components include an external course deviation indicator (CDI) or horizontal situ­ation indicator (HSI), ARTEX ELS-10 emergency locator transmitter (ELT), autopilot, and external annunciators.
The KLN 35A panel mounted unit contains the GPS sensor, the navi­gation computer, a liquid crystal display (LCD), and all controls required to operate the unit.
A KA 92 GPS “patch” antenna is available for use with the KLN 35A. It is designed to always be mounted on the top of the aircraft.
The KLN 35A has analog outputs to drive the left-right deviation bar of most mechanical CDIs and HSIs. In addition, the NAV mode of the Bendix/King KFC 150, KAP 150, KAP 150H, KAP 100, KFC 200, KAP 200, KFC 250, KFC 275, KFC 300, and KFC 325 flight control systems may be coupled to the KLN 35A. Many other autopilots may also be coupled to the KLN 35A. Actual autopilot performance and capability when coupled to the KLN 35A may vary significantly from one autopilot model to another.
System Components
Chapter 1
Altitude may be provided to the KLN 35A from an encoding altimeter or blind encoder. Altitude is used as an aid in position determination when not enough satellites are in view.
Some installations may require remote annunciators to be mounted in the aircraft panel in order to indicate the status of certain KLN 35A functions, namely waypoint alert and message.
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Effective Date 5/95006-08791-0000 Rev 0
CANADA
USA
LATIN AM
PACIFIC
SOUTH PAC
SOUTH AM
EUROPE
EAST EUR
MID EAST
AFRICA
SOUTH PAC
PACIFIC
75°
60°
45°
30° 15°
0°
15° 30°
45°
60°
75°
60°
45°
30° 15°
0°
15° 30°
45°
60°
165°150°135°120°105° 90° 75° 60° 45° 30° 15° 0° 15° 30° 45° 60° 75° 90° 105°120°135°150°165°180°
Pacific Data Base coverage area
Common to Pacific & Atlantic Data Base coverage areas
Atlantic Data Base coverage area
Americas Data Base coverage area
Data Base
Chapter 2
Data Base
2-0
Figure 2-1 KLN 35A Data Base Geographical Region
Effective Date 5/95 006-08791-0000 Rev 0
KLN 35A Pilot’s Guide Data Base

2.DATA BASE

2.1. DATA BASICS

The data base provides two primary functions. First, it makes pilot interface with the GPS sensor much easier. Rather than having to manually look up and then enter the latitude and longitude for a spe­cific waypoint, it allows you to merely enter a simple waypoint identifier. The data base automatically looks up and displays the lati­tude and longitude associated with the identifier. It should be obvious that the data base saves a lot of tedious latitude/longitude entry and also greatly reduces the potential for data input mistakes.
The second function of the data base is that it serves as a very con­venient means to store and easily access aeronautical information. Want to know the name of the airport, the nearest city, or the airport altitude? Just unleash the power of the KLN 35A and display the information right on the screen.

2.2. DATA BASE CONTENTS AND COVERAGE AREAS

There are three data base coverage areas available for the KLN 35A. They are referred to as the “Americas” data base, the “Atlantic”data base, and the “Pacific” data base.
Data Base
Chapter 2
The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and Aeronautical Radio, Inc. (ARINC) break the world into the ten geographic regions shown in figure 2-1. The KLN 35A Americas data base contains aeronautical information for the group of ICAO regions consisting of Canada, USA, Latin America, and South America. The KLN35A Atlantic data base provides information for the ICAOregions of Europe, Africa, East Europe, and Mid East. Likewise, the Pacific data base provides information for East Europe, Mid East, Pacific and South Pacific.
All three data bases contain complete information for all VORs and NDBs in their respective coverage area. The data base also contains public use and military airports which have any runway at least 1000 feet in length.
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Effective Date 5/95006-08791-0000 Rev 0
Data Base
The following is a listing of the KLN 35A data base contents:
AIRPORTS
Identifier Name City, State or Country Use type (if military) Latitude and Longitude Elevation Runway numbers, lengths, surfaces, and lighting Communication frequencies
Chapter 2
Data Base
VORs
Identifier Name Frequency Latitude and Longitude Magnetic variation
NDBs
Identifier Name Frequency Latitude and Longitude (Note - Outer Compass Locators are not included in the data base)
250 USER DEFINED WAYPOINTS
Identifier Latitude and Longitude
MISCELLANEOUS
Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC and FIR) frequencies Flight Service Stations (location of points of communication and
associated frequencies) Special Use Airspace (SUA) boundaries (Prohibited, Restricted, Alert,
Class B, Class C, CTA, TMA, TRSA)
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2-2
KLN 35A Pilot’s Guide Data Base

2.3. ICAO IDENTIFIERS

Waypoints are stored in the KLN 35A data base almost exclusively by their ICAO identifiers. ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) is an internationally accepted reference for the data. In almost all cases the proper ICAO identifiers may be taken directly from Jeppesen Sanderson or government aeronautical charts.
Airport identifiers in the contiguous United States, Alaska, and Canada are special cases in the ICAO system. Many airport identi­fiers for these areas have four letters beginning with a prefix letter that corresponds to the geographic area in which it is located. The prefix letter for the contiguous U.S. is “K”. Thus, the identifier for Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport is KDFW, not DFW (which would be identical to the VOR identifier). Likewise, the identifier for Orlando Executive Airport is KORL while the VOR identifier is ORL. The prefix letter for Canada is “C” and for Alaska is “P”.
NOTE: There are several exceptions in Alaska. In many cases, air­ports with three letter identifiers receive the prefix “P”, but there are many that don’t. The most reliable method of determining an Alaska airport identifier is to look it up from the airport name or city. See sec­tion 3.7.4, “Selecting Waypoints by Name or City”.
Incidentally, you can program the KLN 35A to default to a certain letter (such as “K”) when you are entering a waypoint identifier. See
section 3.4.2, “Data Entry” to learn about this handy feature.
Data Base
Chapter 2
Not all airport identifiers receive the prefix letter. Airport identifiers which are combinations of letters and numbers do not apply to the prefix rule. Examples of airport identifiers not using the prefix are 3C2, 7TX6, and M33.
So remember, if you are entering or looking for an airport identifier that is all letters (no numbers) then it will begin with a “K” prefix in the contiguous U.S., a “P” in Alaska (in some cases), or a “C” in Canada. If there are numbers in the identifier then a prefix is not used. For other areas of the world the airport identifier stored in the KLN 35A data base is identical to how it is charted.
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Effective Date 5/95006-08791-0000 Rev 0
Data Base

2.4. UPDATING THE DATA BASE

The information stored in the data base would eventually become obsolete if there wasn’t some means to update it. For example, new airports open, navaids can move or change frequency, communication frequencies can change, and on and on.
The data base is updated by means of a 3.5-inch diskette supplied by AlliedSignal and an IBM-compatible personal computer. This method does not have to involve removing the KLN 35A from the aircraft’s instrument panel. A jack, usually mounted in the aircraft’s instrument panel, provides a means of interfacing the KLN 35A with the comput­er via an interface cable. The diskettes are not returned to AlliedSignal.
Chapter 2
Data Base
Every 28 days, AlliedSignal receives new NavData™information from Jeppesen Sanderson. This information is processed and down­loaded onto diskettes. AlliedSignal makes the update service available to you in a choice of several subscription or random update programs. See section 2.6 for details on these programs.
NOTE: AlliedSignal sends the update so that it arrives prior to the next effective date. The new update may be installed any time prior to the effective date and the KLN 35A will use the previous data up to the effective date and automatically begin using the new data on the effective date.
In order to use the update program you must have access to a com­puter having a disk drive capable of utilizing 3.5-inch 1.44 megabyte high density diskettes. This computer also needs to have an avail­able COM1 or COM2 serial port. If you wish to perform updates in the cockpit, an optional PC Interface kit must be used. Included in the kit is an interface cable that plugs into both the computer and into the data loader jack. The data loader jack is included with the KLN 35A installation kit and is typically installed in the aircraft’s instrument panel.
CAUTION: The data base must be updated only while the air­craft is on the ground. The KLN 35A does not perform any navigation function while the data base is being updated. Since a data base update takes approximately 10 minutes it is a good idea to turn off all electrical equipment on the aircraft except for the KLN 35A to avoid running down the aircraft battery.
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2-4
KLN 35A Pilot’s Guide Data Base
ее.еnm Update data ееееее base on >Leg ground only: SET 3 Update pub DB?
APT VOR NDB SUP ACT NAV FPL CAL SET OTH
ее.еnm Update data ееееее base on #>Leg ground only: CRSR
Update pub DB?
APT VOR NDB SUP ACT NAV FPL CAL SET OTH
NOTE: The diskettes sent to you can only be used to update one KLN 35A, although they can update that specific unit numerous times. The first time the diskettes are used in an update operation, a unique identification code from the KLN 35A being used is uploaded to the diskettes. These diskettes may be used in this specific KLN 35A an unlimited number of times which could be required if you switch back and forth between the Americas, Atlantic, and Pacific data bases during one update cycle. These diskettes may not, how­ever, be used to update other KLN 35As. This update protection ensures that Jeppesen Sanderson is properly compensated for the use of their NavData™.
To update the KLN 35A data base:
1. Plug the 9 pin female connector end of the interface cable into a COM serial port of the computer. If the computer has COM 1 and COM 2 serial ports, either may be used. Some computers use a 9 pin COM serial port connector while other computers use a 25 pin connector. If the computer being used has a 9 pin con­nector, the interface cable connector will plug directly into the computer’s 9 pin connector. If the computer’s COM serial port uses a 25 pin connector, use the 25 pin to 9 pin adapter included in the PC interface kit to adapt the interface cable’s connector to the computer’s connector.
Data Base
Chapter 2
2. If you are using the PC interface kit in the cockpit, plug the other end of the interface cable (4 conductor male connector) into the data loader jack that is mounted in the aircraft panel.
3. Insert the diskette into the computer’s disk drive. Turn on the computer being used for the data base update. The program on the disk will automatically “boot” (load) and the computer screen will display “Ready” when the computer is ready to continue with the data base update operation.
4. Turn on the KLN 35A. Press F as required to approve the Self Test, Initialization, VFR, and Data Base pages. Use the right outer knob to select the Setup (SET) type pages and the right inner knob to select the SET 3 page (figure 2-2).
5. Press B. Update Pub DB? will now be inverse video as in figure 2-3.
2-5
Figure 2-2
Figure 2-3
Effective Date 5/95006-08791-0000 Rev 0
Data Base
6.Press F. The estimated load time in minutes is now displayed (figure 2-4).
NOTE: In step 6, repeatedly pressing
E
will terminate the update process
ее.еnm Estimated load ееееее time: 5 min #>Leg CRSR Approve?
APT VOR NDB SUP ACT NAV FPL CAL SET OTH
Figure 2-4
and bring the display back to the origi­nal SET 3 page shown in figure 2-2.
7.Press Fto acknowledge the estimated load time and begin erasing the existing data base. The unit will now display Erasing data base. After the data base has been erased, the loading of the new data automatically
Chapter 2
Data Base
begins. As the new data is being loaded, the percentage of transfer is displayed (figure 2-5).
8.The KLN 35A will indicate when the data base update is complete as shown in figure 2-6. You may either turn the KLN 35A off at this point or press Fto restart the KLN 35A.
ее.еnm Programming ееееее data base >Leg 95% complete CRSR
APT VOR NDB SUP ACT NAV FPL CAL SET OTH
Figure 2-5
ее.еnm Published data ееееее base update #>Leg complete CRSR Acknowledge?
APT VOR NDB SUP ACT NAV FPL CAL SET OTH
Figure 2-6
9.Remove the interface cable. Remove the disk from the com­puter. Turn off the computer.
The chances are small of having difficulty updating the data base but—
If you have a problem:
• First check that the interface cable is properly connected and that the computer is turned on. If there is a problem with the connection or the computer the KLN 35A will display Data Loader Not Ready. When the problem is corrected this prompt is removed and the update operation can continue from where it left off.
• If an internal test fails after the data has been loaded, the KLN 35A will display Checksum Error, Data Base Invalid. Press
F to acknowledge. The KLN 35A will then display Data Base Update Failed, Retry?Use the right outer knob to position the
cursor over the desired choice and press F.
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2-6
KLN 35A Pilot’s Guide Data Base
• There are other error messages that may be displayed. If you have a problem that you can’t resolve, write down any error messages to aid your AlliedSignal Service Center in identifying the problem.

2.5. USER DEFINED DATA BASE

In addition to the published data base of airports, VORs, and NDBs stored in the Jeppesen data base, you may create up to 250 other user-defined waypoints. Section 4.4, “Creating User-defined waypoints” describes this further.
The KLN 35A contains an internal lithium battery that is used to “keep-alive” the user-defined data base as well as flight plans. This battery has a typical life of three to five years.
recommended that the battery be replaced every three years at an authorized AlliedSignal Service Center.

2.6. DATA BASE UPDATE SERVICE OPTIONS

The following tear-out page can be used for ordering the Americas, Atlantic, and Pacific data base update services from AlliedSignal. The forms may be mailed or FAXed for your convenience.
It is highly
Data Base
Chapter 2
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Effective Date 5/95006-08791-0000 Rev 0
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