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and other countries.
Mac mini (Late 2009)
Contents
Manual Updates 7
Apple Technician Guide introduced 20 October 2009 7
Basics
Overview 10
Features Late 2009 Congurations 10
Product Congurations 10
System Serial Number Location 11
Power Supply Serial Number Location 12
Troubleshooting
General Troubleshooting 14
Update System Software 14
Apple Diagnostics 14
Wireless Troubleshooting 14
Troubleshooting Theory 14
Hardware vs. Software 14
Block Diagram 15
Common Reset Procedures 16
Symptom Charts 18
Startup and Power 18
No Power, Dead Unit 18
Won’t Start Up 20
Intermittent Shutdown 22
Kernel Panic, System Crashes 24
No Video 26
Corrupted Video 27
Burnt Smell/Odor 29
Noise, Hum, Vibration 31
Uncategorized Symptoms 34
Hard Drive Not Recognized 46
Hard Drive Read/Write Error 48
Hard Drive Noisy 49
Uncategorized Symptom- Hard Drive 52
Optical Drive Not Recognized 54
Optical Drive Won’t Accept/Eject Media 55
Optical Drive Read/Write Error 57
Optical Drive Not Performing to Specications 58
Optical Drive Noisy 59
Uncategorized Symptoms 61
Input/Output Devices 62
Apple Remote Inoperable 62
Audio: Built-in Speaker Has Distorted Sound 64
Audio: Built-in Speaker Has No Audio 65
FireWire Devices Not Recognized 67
USB Devices Not Recognized 69
Wired Keyboard Does Not Function Properly 71
Keyboard: Specic Keys Do Not Respond 73
Wired Keyboard/Mouse Not Recognized 73
Uncategorized Symptoms 75
Mechanical 76
Noise/Hum/Vibration 76
System Runs Hot 78
Physical Damage 79
Uncategorized Symptoms 79
NVDIA GeForce 9400M graphics•
Memory: 2GB (Better), 4GB (Best), 4GB (Server)•
Hard drives: 160GB (Better), 320GB (Best), dual 500GB SATA (Server)•
Mac OS X Snow Leopard•
Product Congurations
To conrm the conguration from the Apple menu, choose About This Mac. The processor
listing will show the speed of the processor followed by the processor type.
For product congurations, refer to Applecare Tech Specs: http://support.apple.com/specs/
2009-11-03
Mac mini (Late 2009) Basics — Overview 10
System Serial Number Location
The product serial number and Ethernet ID are located on the bottom housing.
2009-11-03
Mac mini (Late 2009) Basics — Overview 11
Power Supply Serial Number Location
Locate the power supply.1.
Look closely into the opening on the end of the power supply. The serial number is located 2.
on the inside cavity of the power supply, where the plug inserts into the power supply.
2009-11-03
Mac mini (Late 2009) Basics — Overview 12
Apple Technician Guide
Troubleshooting
Mac mini (Late 2009)
Mac mini (Late 2009) and Mac mini Server (Late 2009)
For information on how to isolate a hardware issue from a software issue, refer to the following
articles:
Isolating issues in Mac OS X: • http://support.apple.com/kb/TS1388?viewlocale=en_US
Mac OS X: Troubleshooting installation and software updates: • http://support.apple.com/
kb/TS1394
Troubleshooting Mac OS X installation from CD or DVD: • http://support.apple.com/kb/
HT2956>
For information on how to troubleshoot a software issue, refer to:
Mac OS X: How to troubleshoot a software issue: • http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1199
Mac mini (Late 2009) General Troubleshooting — Apple Diagnostics 14
Block Diagram
Refer to this diagram to see how modules are interrelated.
2009-11-03
Mac mini (Late 2009) General Troubleshooting — Block Diagram 15
Common Reset Procedures
When a reset procedure is required for troubleshooting, follow the applicable steps:
Resetting the System Management Controller (SMC)
To reset power management via the SMC chip:
Unplug all cables from computer, including power cord.1.
Wait at least 15 seconds. The SMC reset occurs automatically once the Mac mini has been 2.
unplugged from AC power source for several seconds.
Plug power cord back in, making sure power button is not being pressed. 3.
Reconnect keyboard and mouse to computer.4.
Press power button on back to start up computer.5.
Resetting the SMC means you will also need to reset the date and time (using the Date & Time
pane of System Preferences).
Resetting the Parameter RAM (PRAM)
To reset PRAM,
If the computer is on, turn it o.1.
Locate the following keys on the keyboard: Command, Option, P, and R. You will need to 2.
hold these keys down simultaneously in Step 4.
Note: If the keyboard does not have an Option key, use the Alt key instead.
Turn on the computer.3.
Press and hold the Command-Option-P-R keys. 4.
Important: You must press this key combination before the gray screen appears.
Hold the keys down until the computer restarts and you hear the startup sound for the 5.
second time.
Release the keys.6.
2009-11-03
Mac mini (Late 2009) General Troubleshooting — Common Reset Procedures 16
Starting Up in Safe Mode
A Safe Boot is a special way to start Mac OS X when troubleshooting. To start up into Safe Mode
(Safe Boot),
Make sure the computer is shut down.1.
Press the power button.2.
Immediately after you hear the startup tone, press and hold the Shift key.3.
Note: The Shift key should be held as soon as possible after the startup tone but not
before.
Release the Shift key when you see the screen with the gray Apple and progress indicator 4.
(looks like a spinning gear). During startup, ”Safe Boot” appears on the Mac OS X startup
screen. To leave Safe Mode, restart the computer normally, without holding down any keys
during startup.
For more information:
http://www.apple.com/support
HT1564—What is Safe Boot, Safe Mode? <http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1564>
TS1884—Safe Boot take longer than normal startup <http://support.apple.com/kb/
TS1884>
2009-11-03
Mac mini (Late 2009) General Troubleshooting — Common Reset Procedures 17
Symptom Charts
Follow the steps in the order indicated below. If an action resolves the issue, retest the system
to verify.
Note: A compilation of Quick Check tables is available at:
No power•
No LED•
No fan spin•
No startup chime•
No image on external display•
No hard drive or optical drive •
activity
Caps Lock LED on wired •
keyboard doesn’t light when
pressed.
Verify power source.1.
Verify power cable.2.
Listen closely for signs of activity from system 3.
including: rotating fans, hard drive or optical drive
activity, startup chime, etc. If there is activity then
go to the ‘Startup and Power Issues’ symptom
ow.
2009-11-03
Mac mini (Late 2009) Symptom Charts — Startup and Power 18
Deep Dive
Unlikely cause: speakers
CheckResultActionCode
Power ON system. Verify if 1.
there is any indication that the
system has powered up (fan
rotation, hard drive or optical
drive noise, backlight turns on).
Disconnect AC power from 2.
adapter for 1 minute, and
reconnect. Does the system
power on when power ON
button is pressed?.
Does the unit power on with 3.
known good power adapter?
Remove drive internal frame 4.
assembly SDRAM, and AirPort/
Bluetooth card. Connect power
adapter. When the ON button is
pressed, does the LED light?
YesThe symptom is powering
up. Jump to Won’t Start Up
symptom ow.
NoGo to step 2.
YesIt is possible for the power
adapter to trip. After problem
is identied, determine if the
adapter continues to trip.
Replace as needed.
Code may be a P01 (if adapter
is replaced)
NoGo to step 3
YesBad power adapter, replace
and retest.
NoGo to step 4.
YesGo to Won’t Start Up
symptom ow step 3
NoGo to step 5.
P01
P16
2009-11-03
Inspect power ON button for 5.
damage, disconnect power ON
cable from logic board, and
short pins on connector. Does
the front LED power on?
Disconnect LED, remove logic 6.
board from bottom housing.
Place the logic board on a
clean non-metallic surface.
Reconnect LED without
mounting in housing, Short
the power ON pins. Does the
LED light?.
YesBad power switch, replace
bottom housing.
NoGo to step 6
YesBottom Housing causing an
issue with board, examine for
defects or replace.
NoReplace logic board and
retest.
Mac mini (Late 2009) Symptom Charts — Startup and Power 19
X14
X13
M01
Won’t Start Up
Quick Check
SymptomsQuick Check
Won’t Start Up
No startup chime•
Error tones during startup.•
Grey screen with fan noise, or •
other noise.
Will not progress beyond •
Apple logo or spinning gear.
Isolate OS by starting up from original install 1.
media for the computer, the same make and
model computer in Target Disk Mode, or
compatible known-good OS on an external drive.
Both AirPort and Bluetooth services are available
when booted from the Install disk.
Reset SMC and PRAM to clear any stored, 2.
corrupted information.
Start up in Safe Mode by holding the shift key 3.
down during startup to load only required kernel
extensions and disable all startup and login
items. See KBase article
http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1564
If system generates error tones there may be an 4.
issue with the SDRAM. See KBase article
http://support.apple.com/kb/HT2341
Identifying when in the startup process the 5.
computer hangs can help isolate the issue.
See KBase article
http://support.apple.com/kb/HT2674
for information on the Macintosh startup
sequence, error codes and symbols used.
2009-11-03
Deep Dive
CheckResultActionCode
Boot the computer to Apple 1.
Hardware Test on the Install
DVD. Does the computer boot
up to this volume?
Remove the installed SDRAM, 2.
and test with known-good
SDRAM. Does the computer
startup properly now?
YesRun the extended tests
and proceed with results. If
AHT passes or boots with a
memory error, go to step 2.
NoGo to step 2.
YesSDRAM issue. Replace SDRAM.
Issue resolved.
NoGo to step 3.
Mac mini (Late 2009) Symptom Charts — Startup and Power 20
X02
Remove the coin battery on 3.
the logic board, and leave out
for approximately 1 minute.
Then reinstall the battery. This
will reset the logic board. Does
the computer startup properly
now?
YesIssue resolved by logic board
reset. Measure DC voltage
on the battery touching the
battery with the red probe,
and grounding with the black
probe. If voltage is 2.7v or less,
replace the battery. See KBase
article http://support.apple.
com/kb/HT3250 for details
on using a digital multi-meter.
NoGo to step 4.
M20
Disconnect the drive carrier 4.
assembly and power on system.
With video only connected to
the board, is there a gray screen
with a ashing folder?
Attempt to boot the system 5.
with a known good Firewire
boot drive. Does it boot?
Connect the interconnect 6.
board to the logic board. Is
there a gray boot screen with a
ashing folder?
Remove the hard drives (one at 7.
a time) from the internal frame
assembly, install the internal
frame. Does the system boot
(other drive may be an optical
drive or second hard drive)?
YesGo to Step 5
NoReplace logic board..M02
YesGo to Step 6.
NoReplace the logic board.M02
YesGo to step 7
NoReplace the interconnect
board.
YesGo to step 8
NoIf the optical drive in not
recognized, go to Optical
Drive not recognized.
2009-11-03
Install hard drive and optical 8.
drive into the internal frame
assembly, Does the system
boot the Install DVD, and see
the hard drive?
If the other hard drive in not
recognized, go to Hard Drive
Not Recognized
YesPossible connection issue.
Retest to verify.
NoGo to Hard Drive Not
Recognized.
Mac mini (Late 2009) Symptom Charts — Startup and Power 21
Intermittent Shutdown
Quick Check
SymptomsQuick Check
Intermittent Shutdown
Powers o during startup.•
Powers o during desktop use.•
Computer restarts •
spontaneously.
Powers o when waking from •
sleep.
Isolate OS by starting up from original Install 1.
media for the computer, the same make and
model computer in Target Disk Mode, or
compatible known-good OS on an external drive.
Both AirPort and Bluetooth services are available
when booted from the Install disk.
Reset SMC and PRAM to clear any stored, 2.
corrupted information.
Start up in Safe Mode by holding the shift key 3.
down during startup to load only required kernel
extensions and disable all startup and login
items. See KBase article
http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1564
Open System Preferences > Energy Saver > 4.
Schedule and make sure that a ‘Shut Down’ event
is not scheduled.
Make sure that power cord is securely attached to 5.
the back of the computer, and is not hindered by
a desk or other furniture.
Plug the computer directly into an AC outlet to 6.
test whether a surge protector, outlet strip, or UPS
is causing the issue.
2009-11-03
Deep Dive
CheckResultActionCode
Verify improper shutdown 1.
by opening the system.log
located in /var/log. Filter the
log for “shutdown cause”. Entries
of value “0” or a negative
value indicate an improper
shutdown. Did you nd entries
of improper shutdown?
YesDetermine if user caused
improper shutdown. Use
known-good AC power cord
and AC outlet. Go to step 2.
NoRevisit Quick Check examples
for possible software issues.
Check if user is running
other automating software
that may be shutting down
system. Verify issue and jump
to appropriate symptom
ow. No repair needed under
current symptom ow.
Mac mini (Late 2009) Symptom Charts — Startup and Power 22
With known-good AC power 2.
cord and AC outlet, does the
unit continue to shutdown?
YesGo to step 3.
NoReplace adapterP02
Disconnect the hard drive 3.
power cable from the hard
drive and start the machine
from the Install DVD, the same
make and model computer
in Target Disk Mode, or
compatible known-good OS
on an external drive. Does
the computer continue to
shutdown? If yes, disconnect
the hard drive from the
interconnect board, boot the
system from a known good
DVD or external drive with a
known compatible OS.
Does the computer continue to
shutdown?
Check temperature sensor and 4.
run Apple Hardware Test (AHT)
or Apple Server Diagnostics.
Does it pass?
YesGo to step 4.
NoPossible bad software or hard
drive. Go to Hard Drive Not
Recognized symptom ow.
YesRetest. Go to step 1 if problem
continues.
NoGo to step 5.
2009-11-03
Replace or check aected 5.
sensor or assembly. Does AHT
pass?
YesRetest. Go to step 1 if problem
continues.
NoLogic board issue. Replace
M08
logic board.
Mac mini (Late 2009) Symptom Charts — Startup and Power 23
Kernel Panic, System Crashes
Quick Check
SymptomsQuick Check
Kernel Panic, System Crashes
Kernel Panic on startup or •
desktop use.
System freeze during use.•
System freeze upon wake from •
sleep.
Isolate OS by starting up system from original 1.
Install media for the computer, the same make
and model computer in Target Disk Mode, or
compatible known-good OS on an external drive.
Both AirPort and Bluetooth services are available
when booted from the Install disk.
Ensure that all software and rmware updates 2.
for the computer have been installed to take
advantage of any available bug xes.
Reset SMC and PRAM to clear any stored, 3.
corrupted information.
Start up in Safe Mode by holding the shift key 4.
down during startup to load only required kernel
extensions and disable all startup and login
items. See KBase article
http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1564
Check the panic.log, located /Library/Logs/5.
Panicreporter, for information in the backtrace
that may give clues about the kernel panic.
For more information on kernel panics refer to 6.
KBase article
http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1392
2009-11-03
Deep Dive
CheckResultActionCode
Boot the machine to Apple 1.
Hardware Test on the Install
DVD, OR, boot Apple Server
diagnostics by holding down
the “D” key. Does the computer
boot up to this volume?
Remove all peripheral devices 2.
including the keyboard and
mouse. Does computer start
without kernel panic?
YesRun the extended tests and
proceed with results. If AHT
passes or boots with a kernel
panic, go to step 2.
NoGo to step 2.
YesAdd peripheral devices one at
a time until the kernel panic
repeats. Replace the device
causing the issue.
NoGo to step 3.
Mac mini (Late 2009) Symptom Charts — Startup and Power 24
Use known-good SDRAM in 3.
the system. Does the computer
start without kernel panic now?
YesInstall user’s SDRAM and test.
If kernel panic repeats, replace
SDRAM. Verify that the correct
SDRAM is being used.
NoGo to step 4.
X01
Remove AirPort /Bluetooth card 4.
and test. Does the computer
start without kernel panic now?
Disconnect the Hard Drive from 5.
internal frame assembly and
startup to the Install DVD on
the optical drive, or an external
volume. Does the computer
start without kernel panic now?
Disconnect the Audio Board 6.
and test. Does the computer
start without kernel panic now?
Disconnect the Optical Drive 7.
from the internal frame
assembly and test. Does the
computer start without kernel
panic now?
YesGo to AirPort Card Kernel
Panic symptom ow.
NoGo to step 5.
YesGo to Hard Drive Not
Recognized symptom ow.
NoGo to step 6
YesReplace the Audio BoardX99
NoGo to step 7.
YesGo to Optical Drive not
recognized symptom ow
NoReplace logic board.
2009-11-03
Mac mini (Late 2009) Symptom Charts — Startup and Power 25
No Video
Unlikely cause: hard drive, optical drive, speakers, camera, microphone
Quick Check
SymptomsQuick Check
No Video
No image.•
Check display connections1.
Check connections for pin damage.2.
Reset SMC.3.
Go to Deep Dive.4.
Deep Dive: No Video
CheckResultActionCode
Verify boot chime present and 1.
fans running when system
powered ON. (Reset SMC and
clear PRAM if necessary for
proper boot up.)
Connect supported external 2.
display via mini display port.
Verify whether image appears
on external display when
system is booted.
YesPower ON self test OK. Boot
sequence started.
Go to step 2.
NoGo to Won’t Start Up
symptom ow.
YesVideo present. Verify system
functionality and return to
user or jump to appropriate
troubleshooting ow.
NoGo to step 3.
2009-11-03
Connect supported external 3.
display via mini-DVI port. Verify
whether image appears on
external display when system is
booted.
YesExternal display detected by
system. Video circuitry on
logic board functional. Return
to customer or jump to
appropriate troubleshooting
ow.
NoReplace logic board. Retest.M03
Mac mini (Late 2009) Symptom Charts — Startup and Power 26
Corrupted Video
Unlikely cause: Adapter, hard drive, optical drive, fan, or speaker.
Quick Check
SymptomsQuick Check
Corrupted Video
Text and graphics appear fuzzy•
Image corrupted•
Deep Dive
Set System Preferences/Display LCD panel to 1.
native resolution. Non-native resolutions are
unable to produce optimal clarity.
Make sure all relevant software updates have 2.
been applied. Graphics driver updates may be
included with software updates.
When the issue occurs take a screenshot of the 3.
display (Command-Shift-3). View the screen shot
le on another known-good computer. If the
image corruption can be seen in the screenshot
then the issue is with the video drivers, software,
or video/logic board. If the issue cannot be seen
in the screenshot then the display and cable
should be tested further.
Boot from install DVD or another known-good 4.
volume to determine whether a potential
software/driver issue exists.
Go to Deep Dive.5.
2009-11-03
CheckResultActionCode
Boot from Install DVD and 1.
verify whether issue is still
visible.
Verify whether issue is visible 2.
on an external display attached
to the DisplayPort or MiniDVI. Does the issue appear on
“other” display port?
YesGo to step 2.
NoIssue likely caused by
software or driver issue.
Troubleshoot for software
issues. Make sure all software
updates have been installed.
YesIssue is isolated to one type of
display port. Go to step 3.
NoGo to step 5.
Mac mini (Late 2009) Symptom Charts — Startup and Power 27
Inspect display connector and 3.
display cables. Reseat. Does the
issue persist?
YesReplace Logic board.
Go to step 4.
NoIssue likely caused by poor
connection. Return computer
to user.
M04
Verify whether issue is still 4.
present with replacement logic
board installed.
Test with another similar 5.
display with same display
connection to determine if
issue persists?.
YesGo to step 5.
NoIssue resolved with
replacement logic board
installed. Return system to
customer.
YesReplace logic board, may be
incompatible with the display.
Go to step 4.
NoIssue resolved with
replacement logic board.
Return system to customer.
M04
2009-11-03
Mac mini (Late 2009) Symptom Charts — Startup and Power 28
Burnt Smell/Odor
Unlikely cause: speakers, microphone, housing
Quick Check
SymptomsQuick Check
Burnt Smell/Odor
Burning smell•
Unusual odor•
Verify source of smell/odor is emanating from the 1.
system.
Refer to KBase articles: 2.
http://support.apple.com/kb/TA22044 or
http://support.apple.com/kb/TA22045.
Disconnect all third party devices and conrm 3.
whether the odor is being generated by the
device.
Inspect air intake and air outlets for obstructions. 4.
To prevent overheating make sure there
is sucient clearance to allow air to ow
unobstructed into and out of the system.
Verify whether system is functional.5.
Go to Deep Dive.6.
Deep Dive
CheckResultActionCode
Verify whether the source of 1.
the odor can be identied
by visually inspecting each
module and it’s associated
cables for signs of burned or
damaged components, smoke
residue, burned traces, or
melted or damaged wiring,
YesReplace aected module(s).
Go to step 2
NoUnable to locate source of
odor. Go to step 3.
P08
2009-11-03
Disconnect all 3rd party devices 2.
and cables. Power ON system
and verify whether smoke or
strong odor returns.
YesPower down system
immediately. Go to step 3.
NoSystem functions correctly.
Verify system functionality
with 3rd party devices and
cables and return system
to user if problem has been
resolved. Consult 3rd party
companies as needed for
issues with those products.
Mac mini (Late 2009) Symptom Charts — Startup and Power 29
Can the source of the odor be 3.
located using nose?
YesReplace aect module(s) and
retest system.
NoContact Apple for assistance
if you feel that there is a
possible safety issue with the
computer that has not been
resolved in the previous steps.
P08
2009-11-03
Mac mini (Late 2009) Symptom Charts — Startup and Power 30
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