Agilent Technologies E8267D PSG User Manual

Agilent Technologies E8257D/67D & E8663D PSG Signal Generators



User’s Guide

Agilent Technologies

Notices

CAUTION

WARNING

No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form or by any means (including electronic storage and retrieval or translation into a foreign language) without prior agreement and written consent from Agilent Technologies, Inc. as governed by United States and international copyright laws.

Manual Part Number

E8251-90353

Edition

February 2013

Printed in USA

Agilent Technologies, Inc. 3501 Stevens Creek Blvd.  Santa Clara, CA 95052 USA

Manual Warranty

The material contained in this manual is provided “as is,” and is subject to being changed, without notice, in future editions. Further, to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, Agilent disclaims all warranties, either express or implied, with regard to this manual and any information contained herein, including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Agilent shall not be liable for errors or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, use, or performance of this document or of any information contained herein. Should Agilent and the user have a separate written agreement with warranty terms covering the material in this manual that conflict with these terms, the warranty terms in the separate agreement shall control.

Product Warranty

This Agilent instrument product is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of one year from date of shipment. During the warranty period, Agilent will, at its option, either repair or replace products which prove to be defective. For warranty service or repair, this product must be returned to a service facility designated by Agilent. Buyer shall pre pay shipping charges to Agilent and Agilent shall pay shipping charges, duties, and taxes for products returned to Agilent from another country. Agilent warrants that its software and firmware designated by Agilent for use with an instrument will execute its programming instructions when properly installed on that instrument. Agilent does not warrant that the operation of the instrument, or firmware will be uninterrupted or error free.

Instrument Product Certification

Agilent certifies that this instrument product met its published specifications at the time of shipment from the factory. Agilent further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology, to the extent allowed by the Institute’s calibration facility, and to the calibration facilities of other International Standards Organization members.

Safety Notices

A CAUTION notice denotes a hazard. It calls attention to an operating procedure, practice, or the like that, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage to the product or loss of important data. Do not proceed beyond a CAUTION notice until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

A WARNING notice denotes a hazard. It calls attention to an operating procedure, practice, or the like that, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in personal injury or death. Do not proceed beyond a WARNING notice until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

1. Signal Generator Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Signal Generator Models and Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

E8257D PSG Analog Signal Generator Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2

E8267D PSG Vector Signal Generator Features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

E8663D PSG Analog Signal Generator Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

Firmware Upgrades. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

To Upgrade Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Modes of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

Continuous Wave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

Swept Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

Analog Modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8

Digital Modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8

Front Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

1. Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

2. Softkeys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

3. Knob . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

4. Amplitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

5. Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

6. Save. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

7. Recall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

8. Trigger. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

9. MENUS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

10. Help. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

11. EXT 1 INPUT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

12. EXT 2 INPUT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

13. LF OUTPUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

14. Mod On/Off. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

15. ALC INPUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

16. RF On/Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

17. Numeric Keypad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

18. RF OUTPUT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

19. SYNC OUT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

20. VIDEO OUT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

21. Incr Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

22. GATE/ PULSE/ TRIGGER INPUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

23. Arrow Keys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

24. Hold. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13

iii

Contents

25. Return . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

26. Contrast Decrease. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

27. Contrast Increase. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

28. Local . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

29. Preset. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

30. Line Power LED. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

31. LINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

32. Standby LED. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

33. SYMBOL SYNC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

34. DATA CLOCK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

35. DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

36. Q Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

37. I Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

Front Panel Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

1. Active Entry Area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

2. Frequency Area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

3. Annunciators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17

4. Digital Modulation Annunciators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

5. Amplitude Area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

6. Error Message Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

7. Text Area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

8. Softkey Label Area. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Rear Panel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20

1. EVENT 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

2. EVENT 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

3. PATTERN TRIG IN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

4. BURST GATE IN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

5. AUXILIARY I/O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

6. DIGITAL BUS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

7. Q OUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

8. I OUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

9. WIDEBAND I INPUTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

10. I–bar OUT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

11. WIDEBAND Q INPUTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

12. COH CARRIER (Serial Prefixes >=US4646/MY4646) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

13. 1 GHz REF OUT (Serial Prefixes >=US4646/MY4646). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

14. Q–bar OUT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27

15. AC Power Receptacle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

Contents

16. GPIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

17. 10 MHz EFC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

18. ALC HOLD (Serial Prefixes >=US4722/MY4722) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

19. AUXILIARY INTERFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

20. 10 MHz IN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

21. LAN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

22. 10 MHz OUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

23. STOP SWEEP IN/OUT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

24. BASEBAND GEN CLK IN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

25. Z–AXIS BLANK/MKRS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

26. SWEEP OUT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

27. TRIGGER OUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

28. TRIGGER IN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

29. SOURCE SETTLED. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

30. SOURCE MODULE INTERFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

31. RF OUT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

32. EXT 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

33. EXT 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

34. PULSE SYNC OUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

35. PULSE VIDEO OUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

36. PULSE/TRIG GATE INPUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

37. ALC INPUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

38. DATA CLOCK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

39. I IN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

40. SYMBOL SYNC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

41. Q IN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

42. DATA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

43. LF OUT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

44. Flash Drive (Serial Prefixes >=US4829/SG4829/MY4829 (E8267D) and

>=US4928/SG4928/MY4928 (E8257D)). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

2. Basic Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

Using Table Editors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38

Table Editor Softkeys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39

Modifying Table Items in the Data Fields. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39

Using the User-Defined RF Output Power Limit (Option 1EU, or 521 only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

Selecting a User-Defined RF Output Power Limit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

Configuring the RF Output. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42

Contents

Configuring a Continuous Wave RF Output. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42

Configuring a Swept RF Output. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45

Extending the Frequency Range. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Modulating a Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Turning On a Modulation Format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59

Applying a Modulation Format to the RF Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60

Using Data Storage Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Using the Memory Catalog. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Using the Instrument State Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63

Using Security Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Understanding PSG Memory Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65

Removing Sensitive Data from PSG Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70

Using the Secure Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Enabling Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74

Enabling a Software Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Using the Web Server. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75

Activating the Web Server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75

3. Basic Digital Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Custom Modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79

Custom Arb Waveform Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80

Custom Real Time I/Q Baseband . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80

Arbitrary (ARB) Waveform File Headers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80

Creating a File Header for a Modulation Format Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Modifying Header Information in a Modulation Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82

Storing Header Information for a Dual ARB Player Waveform Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87

Modifying and Viewing Header Information in the Dual ARB Player . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87

Playing a Waveform File that Contains a Header. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90

Using the Dual ARB Waveform Player . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91

Accessing the Dual ARB Player. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

Creating Waveform Segments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92

Building and Storing a Waveform Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93

Playing a Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

Editing a Waveform Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

Adding Real–Time Noise to a Dual ARB Waveform (E8267D with Option 403). . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

Storing and Loading Waveform Segments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95

Renaming a Waveform Segment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Using Waveform Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96

Contents

Waveform Marker Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97

Accessing Marker Utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101

Viewing Waveform Segment Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102

1. Clearing Marker Points from a Waveform Segment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103

2. Setting Marker Points in a Waveform Segment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104

3. Controlling Markers in a Waveform Sequence (Dual ARB Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106

Viewing a Marker Pulse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108

Using the RF Blanking Marker Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109

Setting Marker Polarity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111

Triggering Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111

Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112

Mode and Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112

Accessing Trigger Utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113

Setting the Polarity of an External Trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114

Using Gated Triggering. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114

Using Segment Advance Triggering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .116

Using Waveform Clipping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117

How Power Peaks Develop. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117

How Peaks Cause Spectral Regrowth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119

How Clipping Reduces Peak–to–Average Power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .120

Configuring Circular Clipping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123

Configuring Rectangular Clipping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124

Using Waveform Scaling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125

How DAC Over–Range Errors Occur. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125

How Scaling Eliminates DAC Over–Range Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126

Scaling a Currently Playing Waveform (Runtime Scaling) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .127

Scaling a Waveform File in Volatile Memory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .127

Setting the Baseband Frequency Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128

4. Optimizing Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .129

Using the ALC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .129

Selecting ALC Bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .129

To Select an ALC Bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .130

Using External Leveling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .130

To Level with Detectors and Couplers/Splitters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .130

To Level with a mm–Wave Source Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .133

Creating and Applying User Flatness Correction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .133

Creating a User Flatness Correction Array. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .135

vii

Contents

Creating a User Flatness Correction Array with a mm–Wave Source Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . .140

Using the Option 521 Detector Calibration (Option 521) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .146

Running the Option 521 Detector Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

Restoring the Factory Flatness Calibration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .146

Adjusting Reference Oscillator Bandwidth (Option UNR/UNX/UNY) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

To Select the Reference Oscillator Bandwidth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147

To Restore Factory Default Settings: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147

Optimizing Phase Noise and Harmonics Below 3.2 GHz (Option UNX/UNY) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

Optimizing Phase Noise Below 250 MHz (serial prefix > xx4928 and higher). . . . . . . . . . . . . .148

Optimizing Harmonics Below 2 GHz. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .149

5. Analog Modulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

Analog Modulation Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .151

Configuring AM (Option UNT). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152

To Set the Carrier Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 52

To Set the RF Output Amplitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152

To Set the AM Depth and Rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152

To Turn on Amplitude Modulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152

Configuring FM (Option UNT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152

To Set the RF Output Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152

To Set the RF Output Amplitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152

To Set the FM Deviation and Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153

To Activate FM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153

Configuring M (Option UNT). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153

To Set the RF Output Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153

To Set the RF Output Amplitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153

To Set the FM Deviation and Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153

To Activate FM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154

Configuring Pulse Modulation (Option UNU/UNW) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154

To Set the RF Output Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154

To Set the RF Output Amplitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154

To Set the Pulse Period, Width, and Triggering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

To Activate Pulse Modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154

Triggering Simultaneous Pulses from Two PSGs Using an Internal or an External Pulse Source. . . 155

Configuring the LF Output (Option UNT). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .156

To Configure the LF Output with an Internal Modulation Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

To Configure the LF Output with a Function Generator Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

viii

Contents

6. Custom Arb Waveform Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .159

Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 59

Working with Predefined Setups (Modes) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .159

Selecting a Custom ARB Setup or a Custom Digital Modulation State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .159

Working with User–Defined Setups (Modes)-Custom Arb Only. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .160

Modifying a Single–Carrier NADC Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .160

Customizing a Multicarrier Setup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .161

Recalling a User–Defined Custom Digital Modulation State. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .162

Working with Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .162

Using a Predefined FIR Filter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .163

Using a User–Defined FIR Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .164

Working with Symbol Rates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .169

To Set a Symbol Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .169

To Restore the Default Symbol Rate (Custom Real Time I/Q Only) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .170

Working with Modulation Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .171

To Select a Predefined Modulation Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 71

To Use a User–Defined Modulation Type (Real Time I/Q Only). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172

Differential Wideband IQ (Option 016) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177

Single–Ended Wideband IQ (Option 015 – Discontinued). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177

Configuring Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178

To Set a Delayed, Positive Polarity, External Single Trigger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178

7. Custom Real Time I/Q Baseband. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181

Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 81

Working with Predefined Setups (Modes) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181

Selecting a Predefined Real Time Modulation Setup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 81

Deselecting a Predefined Real Time Modulation Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182

Working with Data Patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182

Using a Predefined Data Pattern. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .183

Using a User–Defined Data Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .183

Using an Externally Supplied Data Pattern. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .187

Working with Burst Shapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .187

Configuring the Burst Rise and Fall Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .188

Using User–Defined Burst Shape Curves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .188

Configuring Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .191

To Set the External DATA CLOCK to Receive Input as Either Normal or Symbol. . . . . . . . . . .191

To Set the BBG DATA CLOCK to External or Internal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .192

To Adjust the I/Q Scaling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .192

Contents

Working with Phase Polarity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192

To Set Phase Polarity to Normal or Inverted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .192

Working with Differential Data Encoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .192

Understanding Differential Encoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .193

Using Differential Encoding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197

8. GPS Modulation (Option 409) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201

Real Time MSGPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .202

Signal Generation Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .203

Scenario Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204

RF Power Level Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .205

Generating a Real Time MSGPS Signal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .208

Configuring the External Reference Clock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209

Real Time GPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .210

Real Time GPS Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211

Setting Up the Real Time GPS Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .216

Configuring the External Reference Clock. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217

Testing Receiver Sensitivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219

9. Multitone Waveform Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .221

Creating, Viewing, and Optimizing Multitone Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .222

To Create a Custom Multitone Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .222

To View a Multitone Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .223

To Edit the Multitone Setup Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .224

To Minimize Carrier Feedthrough . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .226

To Determine Peak to Average Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227

10. Two–Tone Waveform Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231

Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .231

Creating, Viewing, and Modifying Two–Tone Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .231

To Create a Two–Tone Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232

To View a Two–Tone Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .233

To Minimize Carrier Feedthrough . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .234

To Change the Alignment of a Two–Tone Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235

11. AWGN Waveform Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237

Configuring the AWGN Generator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .237

Contents

Arb Waveform Generator AWGN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .237

Real Time I/Q Baseband AWGN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .238

12. Peripheral Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .239

N5102A Digital Signal Interface Module. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .239

Clock Timing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .239

Connecting the Clock Source and the Device Under Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .252

Data Types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .254

Operating the N5102A Module in Output Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .255

Operating the N5102A Module in Input Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .264

Millimeter-Wave Source Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .272

Using Agilent Millimeter-Wave Source Modules. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .272

Using Other Source Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .276

13. Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .279

RF Output Power Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .279

No RF Output Power when Playing a Waveform File (E8267D only). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .279

RF Output Power too Low . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .280

The Power Supply has Shut Down . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .280

Signal Loss While Working with a Mixer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .280

Signal Loss While Working with a Spectrum Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .282

No Modulation at the RF Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .285

Sweep Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .286

Sweep Appears to be Stalled. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .286

Cannot Turn Off Sweep Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .286

Incorrect List Sweep Dwell Time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .286

List Sweep Information is Missing from a Recalled Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .287

Data Storage Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .287

Registers With Previously Stored Instrument States are Empty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .287

Saved Instrument State, but Register is Empty or Contains Wrong State. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .287

Cannot Turn Off Help Mode. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .288

Signal Generator Locks Up. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .288

Fail–Safe Recovery Sequence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .288

Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .289

Error Message File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 90

Error Message Format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .290

Error Message Types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .290

Contacting Agilent Sales and Service Offices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .291

Returning a Signal Generator to Agilent Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .291

Contents

xii

Documentation Overview

Installation Guide

User’s Guide

Programming Guide

• Safety Information

• Getting Started

• Operation Verification

• Regulatory Information

• Signal Generator Overview

• Basic Operation

• Basic Digital Operation

• Optimizing Performance

• Analog Modulation

• Custom Arb Waveform Generator

• Custom Real Time I/Q Baseband

• Multitone Waveform Generator

• Two- Tone Waveform Generator

• AWGN Waveform Generator

• Peripheral Devices

• Troubleshooting

• Getting Started with Remote Operation

• Using IO Interfaces

• Programming Examples

• Programming the Status Register System

• Creating and Downloading Waveform Files

• Creating and Downloading User- Data Files

SCPI Reference

• Using this Guide

• System Commands

• Basic Function Commands

• Analog Commands

• Digital Modulation Commands

• Digital Signal Interface Module Commands

• SCPI Command Compatibility

xiii

Service Guide

• Troubleshooting

• Replaceable Parts

• Assembly Replacement

• Post-Repair Procedures

• Safety and Regulator y Information

Key Refe rence

• Key function description

xiv

1 Signal Generator Overview

In the following sections, this chapter describes the models, options, and features available for Agilent E8257D/67D and E8663D PSG signal generators. The modes of operation, front panel user interface, and front and rear panel connectors are also described.

• “Signal Generator Models and Features” on page 1

• “Options” on page 6

• “Firmware Upgrades” on page 6

• “Modes of Operation” on page 7

• “Front Panel” on page 9

• “Front Panel Display” on page 16

• “Rear Panel” on page 20

NOTE For more information about the PSG, such as data sheets, configuration guides, application

notes, frequently asked questions, technical support, software and more, visit the Agilent PSG web page at http://www.agilent.com/find/psg.

Signal Generator Models and Features

Table 1- 1 lists the available PSG signal generator models and frequency–range options.

Table 1-1 PSG Signal Generator Models

Model Frequency Range Options

E8257D PSG analog signal generator 250 kHz to 20 GHz (Option 520)

E8267D PSG vector signal generator 250 kHz to 20 GHz (Option 520)

E8663D PSG analog signal generator 100 kHz to 3.2 GHz (Option 503)

a.Instruments with Option 567 are functional, but unspecified, above 67 GHz to 70 GHz

10 MHz to 20 GHz (Option 521) 250 kHz to 31.8 GHz (Option 532) 250 kHz to 40 GHz (Option 540) 250 kHz to 50 GHz (Option 550)

250 kHz to 67 GHz (Option 567)

250 kHz to 31.8 GHz (Option 532) 250 kHz to 44 GHz (Option 544)

100 kHz to 9 GHz (Option 509)

Chapter 1 1

Signal Generator Overview Signal Generator Models and Features

E8257D PSG Analog Signal Generator Features

The E8257D PSG includes the following standard features:

• a source module interface that is compatible with Agilent 83550 Series millimeter–wave source modules for frequency extension up to 110 GHz and Oleson Microwave Labs (OML) AG–Series millimeter–wave modules for frequency extensions up to 325 GHz

• automatic leveling control (ALC) on and off modes; power calibration in ALC–off mode is available, even without power search

• CW output from 250 kHz to the highest operating frequency, depending on the option

• external diode detector leveling

• frequency resolution to 0.001 Hz

• list and step sweep of frequency and amplitude, with multiple trigger sources

• optimized signal to noise ratio

• 10 MHz reference oscillator with external output

• RS–232, GPIB, and 10Base–T LAN I/O interfaces

• user flatness correction

• attenuator burnout protection (with Option 521 instruments that have Option 1E1)

The E8257D PSG also offers the following optional features:

NOTE To provide analog frequency sweeps and for optimum swept scalar measurements with the

8757D scalar analyzer, the E8257D requires 007 (analog ramp sweep).

Option 007—analog ramp sweep

Option 008

—8 GB removable compact flash drive

Option 521—ultra high output power, frequency range from 0.1-20 GHz

Option 1E1—step attenuator

Option 1EA (Discontinued)—high output power

Option 1ED—Type–N female RF output connector

Option 1EH —improved harmonics below 2 GHz

Option 1EU—high output power (standard with E8267D)

Option 1EM—moves all front panel connectors to the rear panel

Option 1SM—provides improved performance in Exponential (Log) AM mode

Option UK6—commercial calibration certificate and test data

Option UNR (Discontinued)—enhanced phase noise performance

1. Instruments with serial prefix  US4928/SG4928/MY4928.

2 Chapter 1

Signal Generator Models and Features

Signal Generator Overview

Option UNX—ultra low phase noise performance

Option UNY—enhanced ultra low phase noise performance

Option UNT—AM, FM, phase modulation, and LF output

• open–loop or closed–loop AM

• dc–synthesized FM to 10 MHz rates; maximum deviation depends on the carrier frequency

• external modulation inputs for AM, FM, and M

• simultaneous modulation configurations (except: FM with M or Linear AM with Exponential AM)

• dual function generators that include the following:

— 50–ohm low–frequency output, 0 to 3 Vp, available through the LF output

— selectable waveforms: sine, dual–sine, swept–sine, triangle, positive ramp, negative ramp,

square, uniform noise, Gaussian noise, and dc

— adjustable frequency modulation rates

— selectable triggering in list and step sweep modes: free run (auto), trigger key (single), bus

(remote), and external

Option UNU—pulse modulation

• internal pulse generator

• external modulation inputs

• selectable pulse modes: internal square, internal free–run, internal triggered, internal doublet, internal gated, and external pulse; internal triggered, internal doublet, and internal gated require an external trigger source

• adjustable pulse rate

• adjustable pulse period

• adjustable pulse width (150 ns minimum)

• adjustable pulse delay

• selectable external pulse triggering: positive or negative

Option UNW—narrow pulse modulation

• generate narrow pulses across the operational frequency band of the PSG

• includes all the same functionality as Option UNU

E8267D PSG Vector Signal Generator Features

The E8267D PSG provides the same standard functionality as the E8257D PSG, plus the following:

• internal I/Q modulator

• external analog I/Q inputs

• single–ended and differential analog I/Q outputs

Chapter 1 3

Signal Generator Overview Signal Generator Models and Features

• high output power (optional for the E8257D & E8663D)

• step attenuator (optional for the E8257D)

The E8267D PSG offers the same options as the E8257D PSG, plus the following:

Option 003—PSG digital output connectivity with N5102A

Option 004—PSG digital input connectivity with N5102A

Option 005

Option 009

(Discontinued)—6 GB internal hard drive

—8 GB removable compact flash drive

Option 015 (Discontinued)—single–ended wideband external I/Q inputs

Option 016—differential wideband external I/Q inputs

Option 403—calibrated noise, AWGN

Option 601 (Discontinued)—internal baseband generator with 8 megasamples of memory

Option 602—internal baseband generator with 64 megasamples of memory

E8663D PSG Analog Signal Generator Features

The E8663D PSG includes the following standard features:

• automatic leveling control (ALC) on and off modes; power calibration in ALC–off mode is available, even without power search

• CW output from 100 kHz to the highest operating frequency, depending on the option

• external diode detector leveling

• frequency resolution to 0.001 Hz

• list and step sweep of frequency and amplitude, with multiple trigger sources

• optimized signal to noise ratio

• 10 MHz reference oscillator with external output

• RS–232, GPIB, and 10Base–T LAN I/O interfaces

• user flatness correction

•pulse modulation

— internal pulse generator

— external modulation inputs

— selectable pulse modes: internal square, internal free–run, internal triggered, internal doublet,

1. Instruments with serial prefix < US4829/SG4829/MY4829.

2. Instruments with serial prefix

4 Chapter 1

 US4829/SG4829/MY4829.

internal gated, and external pulse; internal triggered, internal doublet, and internal gated require an external trigger source

— adjustable pulse rate

— adjustable pulse period

— adjustable pulse width (150 ns minimum)

— adjustable pulse delay

— selectable external pulse triggering: positive or negative

The E8663D PSG also offers the following optional features:

Signal Generator Models and Features

Signal Generator Overview

NOTE To provide analog frequency sweeps and for optimum swept scalar measurements with the

8757D scalar analyzer, the E8663D requires 007 (analog ramp sweep).

Option 007—analog ramp sweep

Option 008

—8 GB removable compact flash drive

Option 503—frequency range from 100 kHz to 3.2 GHz

Option 509—frequency range from 100 kHz to 9.0 GHz

Option 521—ultra 0.1- 3.2 GHz (with Option 503) or 0.1- 9 GHz (with Option 509) power

Option 1E1—step attenuator

Option 1EA (Discontinued)—high output power

Option 1ED—Type–N female RF output connector

Option 1EH —improved harmonics below 2 GHz

Option 1EU—high output power (standard with E8267D)

Option 1EM—moves all front panel connectors to the rear panel

Option 1EZ—extended support life

Option 1SM—provides improved performance in Exponential (Log) AM mode

Option UK6—commercial calibration certificate and test data

Option UNX—ultra low phase noise performance

Option UNY—enhanced ultra low phase noise performance

Option UNT—AM, FM, phase modulation, and LF output

• open–loop or closed–loop AM

• dc–synthesized FM to 10 MHz rates; maximum deviation depends on the carrier frequency

• external modulation inputs for AM, FM, and M

1. Instruments with serial prefix  US4928/SG4928/MY4928.

Chapter 1 5

Signal Generator Overview Options

• simultaneous modulation configurations (except: FM with M or Linear AM with

Exponential AM)

• dual function generators that include the following:

— 50–ohm low–frequency output, 0 to 3 Vp, available through the LF output

— selectable waveforms: sine, dual–sine, swept–sine, triangle, positive ramp, negative ramp,

square, uniform noise, Gaussian noise, and dc

— adjustable frequency modulation rates

— selectable triggering in list and step sweep modes: free run (auto), trigger key (single), bus

(remote), and external

Option UNW—narrow pulse modulation

• generate narrow pulses across the operational frequency band of the PSG

• includes all the same functionality as Option UNU

Options

PSG signal generators have hardware, firmware, software, and documentation options. The Data Sheet shipped with your signal generator provides an overview of available options. For more

information, visit the Agilent PSG web page at http://www.agilent.com/find/psg, select the desired PSG model, and then click the

Options tab.

Firmware Upgrades

You can upgrade the firmware in your signal generator whenever new firmware is released. New firmware releases, which can be downloaded from the Agilent website, may contain signal generator features and functionality not available in previous firmware releases.

To determine the availability of new signal generator firmware, visit the Signal Generator Firmware Upgrade Center web page at http://www.agilent.com/find/upgradeassistant, or call the number listed at http://www.agilent.com/find/assist.

To Upgrade Firmware

The following procedure shows you how to download new firmware to your PSG using a LAN connection and a PC. For information on equipment requirements and alternate methods of downloading firmware, such as GPIB, refer to the Firmware Upgrade Guide, which can be accessed at http://www.agilent.com/find/upgradeassistant.

1. Note the IP address of your signal generator. To view the IP address on the PSG, press

GPIB/RS–232 LAN > LAN Setup.

2. Use an internet browser to visit http://www.agilent.com/find/upgradeassistant.

3. Scroll down to the “Documents and Downloads” table and click the link in the “Latest Firmware Revision” column for the E8257D/67D or E8663D PSG.

4. In the File Download window, select

5. In the Welcome window, click download to the PC.

6 Chapter 1

Run.

Next and follow the on–screen instructions. The firmware files

Utility >

Signal Generator Overview

Modes of Operation

6. In the “Documents and Downloads” table, click the link in the “Upgrade Assistant Software” column for the E8257D/67D or E8663D PSG to download the PSG/ESG Upgrade Assistant.

7. In the File Download window, select

8. In the Welcome window, click

9. At the desktop shortcut prompt, click

10. Once the utility downloads, close the browser and double–click the

Run.

OK and follow the on–screen instructions.

Yes .

PSG/ESG Upgrade Assistant icon on

the desktop.

11. In the upgrade assistant, set the connection type you wish to use to download the firmware, and the parameters for the type of connection selected. For LAN, enter the instrument’s IP address, which you recorded in step 1.

NOTE If the PSG’s dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP) is enabled, the network assigns the

instrument an IP address at power on. Because of this, when DHCP is enabled, the IP address may be different each time you turn on the instrument. DHCP does not affect the hostname.

12. Click Browse, and double–click the firmware revision to upgrade your signal generator.

13. In the Upgrade Assistant, click

14. Once connection to the instrument is verified, click

Next.

Next and follow the on–screen prompts.

NOTE Once the download starts, it cannot be aborted.

When the User Attention message appears, you must first cycle the instrument’s power, then click OK.

When the upgrade completes, the Upgrade Assistant displays a summary.

15. Click

OK and close the Upgrade Assistant.

Modes of Operation

Depending on the model and installed options, the PSG signal generator provides up to four basic modes of operation: continuous wave (CW), swept signal, analog modulation, and digital modulation.

Continuous Wave

In this mode, the signal generator produces a continuous wave signal. The signal generator is set to a single frequency and power level. The E8257D, E8267D, and E8663D can produce a CW signal.

Swept Signal

In this mode, the signal generator sweeps over a range of frequencies and/or power levels. The E8257D, E8267D, and E8663D provide list and step sweep functionality. Option 007 adds analog ramp sweep functionality.

Chapter 1 7

Signal Generator Overview Modes of Operation

Analog Modulation

In this mode, the signal generator modulates a CW signal with an analog signal. The analog modulation types available depend on the installed options.

Option UNT provides amplitude, frequency, and phase modulations. Some of these modulations can be used together. Options UNU and UNW provide standard and narrow pulse modulation capability, respectively. Option UNU is standard on the E8663D.

Option 1SM provides improved Exponential (Log) AM mode.

Digital Modulation

In this mode, the signal generator modulates a CW signal with either a real–time I/Q signal or arbitrary I/Q waveform. I/Q modulation is only available on the E8267D. An internal baseband generator (Option 601/602) adds the following digital modulation formats:

• Custom Arb Waveform Generator mode can produce a single–modulated carrier or multiple–modulated carriers. Each modulated carrier waveform must be calculated and generated before it can be output; this signal generation occurs on the internal baseband generator. Once a waveform has been created, it can be stored and recalled, which enables repeatable playback of test signals. To learn more, refer to “Custom Arb Waveform Generator” on page 159.

• Custom Real Time I/Q Baseband mode produces a single carrier, but it can be modulated with real–time data that allows real–time control over all of the parameters that affect the signal. The single–carrier signal that is produced can be modified by applying various data patterns, filters, symbol rates, modulation types, and burst shapes. To learn more, refer to “Custom Real Time I/Q

Baseband” on page 181.

• Two Tone mode produces two separate continuous wave signals (or tones). The frequency spacing between the two signals and the amplitudes are adjustable. To learn more, refer to “ Two–Tone

Waveform Generator” on page 231.

• Multitone mode produces up to 64 continuous wave signals (or tones). Like Two Tone mode, the frequency spacing between the signals and the amplitudes are adjustable. To learn more, refer to

“Multitone Waveform Generator” on page 221.

• Dual ARB mode is used to control the playback sequence of waveform segments that have been written into the ARB memory located on the internal baseband generator. These waveforms can be generated by the internal baseband generator using the Custom Arb Waveform Generator mode, or downloaded through a remote interface into the ARB memory. To learn more, refer to

“Using the Dual ARB Waveform Player” on page 91.

8 Chapter 1

Signal Generator Overview

E8267D only

E8257N, 8257D, and E8267D

11 12

2123

26272829

Front Panel

This section describes each item on the PSG front panel. Figure 0-1 shows an E8267D front panel, which includes all items available on the E8257D and E8663D.

Figure 1-1 Standard E8267D Front Panel Diagram

1. Display 10. Help 19. SYNC OUT 28. Local

2. Softkeys 11. EXT 1 INPUT 20. VIDEO OUT 29. Preset

3. Knob 12. EXT 2 INPUT 21. Incr Set 30. Line Power LED

4. Amplitude 13. LF OUTPUT 22. GATE/ PULSE/ TRIGGER INPUT 31. LINE

5. Frequency 14. Mod On/Off 23. Arrow Keys 32. Standby LED

6. Save 15. ALC INPUT 24. Hold 33. SYMBOL SYNC

7. R e cal l 16. RF On/Off 25. Return 34. DATA CLOCK

8. Trigger 17. Numeric Keypad 26. Contrast Decrease 35. DATA

9. MENUS 18. RF OUTPUT 27. Contrast Increase 36. Q Input

Chapter 1 9

37. I Input

Signal Generator Overview Front Panel

1. Display

The LCD screen provides information on the current function. Information can include status indicators, frequency and amplitude settings, and error messages. Softkeys labels are located on the right–hand side of the display. For more detail on the front panel display, see “Front Panel Display”

on page 16.

2. Softkeys

Softkeys activate the displayed function to the left of each key.

3. Knob

Use the knob to increase or decrease a numeric value, change a highlighted digit or character, or step through lists or select items in a row.

4. Amplitude

Pressing this hardkey makes amplitude the active function. You can change the output amplitude or use the menus to configure amplitude attributes such as power search, user flatness, and leveling mode.

5. Frequency

Pressing this hardkey makes frequency the active function. You can change the output frequency or use the menus to configure frequency attributes such as frequency multiplier, offset, and reference.

6. Save

CAUTION The Save hardkey does not save table configurations, such as list sweep, multitone, or

ARB.

Pressing this hardkey displays a menu of choices that enable you to save data in the instrument state register. The instrument state register is a section of memory divided into 10 sequences (numbered 0 through 9), each containing 100 registers (numbered 00 through 99). It is used to store and recall frequency, amplitude, and modulation settings.

Save hardkey provides a quick alternative to reconfiguring the signal generator through the front

The panel or SCPI commands when switching between different signal configurations. Once an instrument state has been saved, all of the frequency, amplitude, and modulation settings can be recalled with

Recall hardkey. For more information on saving and recalling instrument states, refer to “Using the

the

Instrument State Registers” on page 63.

7. Recall

This key restores an instrument state saved in a memory register. To recall an instrument state, press

and enter the desired sequence number and register number. To save a state, use the Save

Recall

hardkey. For more information on saving and recalling instrument states, refer to “Using the

Instrument State Registers” on page 63.

10 Chapter 1

Signal Generator Overview

Front Panel

8. Trigger

This key initiates an immediate trigger event for a function such as a list, step, or ramp sweep (Option 007 only). Before this hardkey can be used to initiate a trigger event, the trigger mode must be set to

Trigger Key. For example: press the Sweep/List hardkey, then one of the following sequences of

softkeys:

More (1 of 2) > Sweep Trigger > Trigger Key

•

• More (1 of 2) > Point Trigger > Trigger Key

9. MENUS

These keys open softkey menus for configuring various functions. For descriptions, see the Agilent PSG Signal Generators Key Reference.

Table 1-2 Hardkeys in Front Panel MENUS Group

E8257D and E8663D

PSG Analog

AM Sweep/List FM/M Utility Pulse LF Out

E8267D PSG Vector

Mode Mux AM Sweep/List Mode Setup Aux Fctn

FM/M Utility I/Q Pulse LF Out

NOTE Some menus are optional. Refer to “Options” on page 6 for more information.

10. Help

Pressing this hardkey causes a short description of any hardkey or softkey to be displayed and, in most cases, a listing of related remote–operation SCPI commands. There are two help modes available on the signal generator: single and continuous. The single mode is the factory preset condition. Toggle between single and continuous mode by pressing

Utility > Instrument Info/Help Mode > Help Mode Single Cont.

• In single mode, help text is provided for the next key you press without activating the key’s function. Any key pressed afterward exits the help mode and its function is activated.

• In continuous mode, help text is provided for each subsequent key press until you press the

Help

hardkey again or change to single mode. In addition, each key is active, meaning that the key function is executed (except for the Preset key).

11. EXT 1 INPUT

This female BNC input connector (functional only with Options UNT, UNU, or UNW or on the E8663D) accepts a 1 V

indicated deviation or depth. When ac–coupled inputs are selected for AM, FM, or M and the peak input voltage differs from 1 Vp by more than 3 percent, the HI/LO display annunciators light. The

input impedance is selectable as either 50 or 600 ohms; the damage levels are 5 V signal generators with Option 1EM, this connector is located on the rear panel.

signal for AM, FM, and M. For these modulations, 1 Vp produces the

and 10 Vp. On

rms

Chapter 1 11

Signal Generator Overview Front Panel

12. EXT 2 INPUT

This female BNC input connector (functional only with Options UNT, UNU, or UNW or on the E8663D) accepts a 1 Vp signal for AM, FM, and M. With AM, FM, or M, 1 Vp produces the

indicated deviation or depth. When ac–coupled inputs are selected for AM, FM, or M and the peak input voltage differs from 1 V

The input impedance is selectable as either 50 or 600 ohms and damage levels are 5 V

by more than 3 percent, the HI/LO annunciators light on the display.

and 10 Vp.

rms

On signal generators with Option 1EM, this connector is located on the rear panel.

13. LF OUTPUT

This female BNC output connector (functional only with Option UNT or on the E8663D) outputs modulation signals generated by the low frequency (LF) source function generator. This output is capable of driving 3V

(nominal) into a 50 ohm load. On signal generators with Option 1EM, this

connector is located on the rear panel.

14. Mod On/Off

This hardkey (E8267D and E8257D with Options UNT, UNU, or UNW) enables or disables all active modulation formats (AM, FM, M, Pulse, or I/Q) applied to the output carrier signal available through the RF OUTPUT connector. This hardkey does not set up or activate an AM, FM, M, Pulse, or I/Q format; each modulation format must still be set up and activated (for example, nothing is applied to the output carrier signal when the Mod On/Off hardkey is enabled. The MOD ON/OFF annunciator indicates whether active modulation formats have been enabled or disabled with the

On/Off

hardkey.

AM > AM On) or

Mod

15. ALC INPUT

This female BNC input connector is used for negative external detector leveling. This connector accepts an input of 0.2 mV to 0.5 V. The nominal input impedance is 120 kohms and the damage level is 15 V. On signal generators with Option 1EM, this connector is located on the rear panel.

16. RF On/Off

Pressing this hardkey toggles the operating state of the RF signal present at the RF OUTPUT connector. Although you can set up and enable various frequency, power, and modulation states, the RF and microwave output signal is not present at the RF OUTPUT connector until On. The

RF On/Off annunciator is always visible in the display to indicate whether the RF is turned on

RF On/Off is set to

or off.

17. Numeric Keypad

The numeric keypad consists of the 0 through 9 hardkeys, a decimal point hardkey, and a backspace hardkey ( ). The backspace hardkey enables you to backspace or alternate between a positive and a negative value. When specifying a negative numeric value, the negative sign must be entered

prior to entering the numeric value.

12 Chapter 1

Signal Generator Overview

Front Panel

18. RF OUTPUT

This connector outputs RF and microwave signals. The nominal output impedance is 50 ohms. The reverse–power damage levels are 0 Vdc, 0.5 watts nominal. On signal generators with Option 1EM, this connector is located on the rear panel. The connector type varies according to frequency option.

19. SYNC OUT

This female BNC output connector (functional only with Options UNU or UNW or on the E8663D) outputs a synchronizing TTL–compatible pulse signal that is nominally 50 ns wide during internal and triggered pulse modulation. The nominal source impedance is 50 ohms. On signal generators with Option 1EM, this connector is located on the rear panel.

20. VIDEO OUT

This female BNC output connector (functional only with Options UNU or UNW or on the E8663D) outputs a TTL–level compatible pulse signal that follows the output envelope in all pulse modes. The nominal source impedance is 50 ohms. On signal generators with Option 1EM, this connector is located on the rear panel.

21. Incr Set

This hardkey enables you to set the increment value of the current active function. The increment value of the current active function appears in the active entry area of the display. Use the numeric keypad, arrow hardkeys, or the knob to adjust the increment value.

22. GATE/ PULSE/ TRIGGER INPUT

This female BNC input connector (functional only with Options UNU or UNW or on the E8663D) accepts an externally supplied pulse signal for use as a pulse or trigger input. With pulse modulation, 1 V is on and 0 V is off (trigger threshold of 0.5 V with a hysteresis of 10 percent; so 0.6 V would be on and 0.4 V would be off). The damage levels are 5 V

impedance is 50 ohms. On signal generators with Option 1EM, this connector is located on the rear panel.

and 10 Vp. The nominal input

rms

23. Arrow Keys

These up and down arrow hardkeys are used to increase or decrease a numeric value, step through displayed lists, or to select items in a row of a displayed list. Individual digits or characters may be highlighted using the left and right arrow hardkeys. Once an individual digit or character is highlighted, its value can be changed using the up and down arrow hardkeys.

24. Hold

Pressing this hardkey blanks the softkey label area and text areas on the display. Softkeys, arrow hardkeys, the knob, the numeric keypad, and the pressed.

Chapter 1 13

Incr Set hardkey have no effect once this hardkey is

Signal Generator Overview Front Panel

25. Return

Pressing this hardkey displays the previous softkey menu. It enables you to step back through the menus until you reach the first menu you selected.

26. Contrast Decrease

Pressing this hardkey causes the display background to darken.

27. Contrast Increase

Pressing this hardkey causes the display background to lighten.

28. Local

Pressing this hardkey deactivates remote operation and returns the signal generator to front–panel control.

29. Preset

Pressing this hardkey sets the signal generator to a known state (factory or user–defined).

30. Line Power LED

This green LED indicates when the signal generator power switch is set to the on position.

31. LINE

In the on position, this switch activates full power to the signal generator; in standby, it deactivates all signal generator functions. In standby, the signal generator remains connected to the line power and power is supplied to some internal circuits.

32. Standby LED

This yellow LED indicates when the signal generator power switch is set to the standby condition.

33. SYMBOL SYNC

This female BNC input connector is CMOS–compatible and accepts an externally supplied symbol sync signal for use with the internal baseband generator (Option 601/602). The expected input is a

3.3 V CMOS bit clock signal (which is also TTL compatible). SYMBOL SYNC might occur once per symbol or be a single one–bit–wide pulse that is used to synchronize the first bit of the first symbol. The maximum clock rate is 50 MHz. The damage levels are > +5.5 V and < 0.5V. The nominal input impedance is not definable. SYMBOL SYNC can be used in two modes:

• When used as a symbol sync in conjunction with a data clock, the signal must be high during the first data bit of the symbol. The signal must be valid during the falling edge of the data clock signal and may be a single pulse or continuous.

• When the SYMBOL SYNC itself is used as the (symbol) clock, the CMOS falling edge is used to clock the DATA signal.

14 Chapter 1

Signal Generator Overview

Front Panel

On signal generators with Option 1EM, this connector is located on the rear panel.

34. DATA CLOCK

This female BNC input connector is CMOS compatible and accepts an externally supplied data–clock input signal to synchronize serial data for use with the internal baseband generator (Option 601/602). The expected input is a 3.3 V CMOS bit clock signal (which is also TTL compatible) where the rising edge is aligned with the beginning data bit. The falling edge is used to clock the DATA and SYMBOL SYNC signals. The maximum clock rate is 50 MHz. The damage levels are > +5.5 V and < 0.5V. The nominal input impedance is not definable. On signal generators with Option 1EM, this connector is located on the rear panel.

35. DATA

This female BNC input connector (Options 601/602 only) is CMOS compatible and accepts an externally supplied serial data input for digital modulation applications. The expected input is a 3.3 V CMOS signal (which is also TTL compatible) where a CMOS high = a data 1 and a CMOS low = a data

0. The maximum input data rate is 50 Mb/s. The data must be valid on the falling edges of the data clock (normal mode) or the on the falling edges of the symbol sync (symbol mode). The damage levels are > +5.5 and < 0.5V. The nominal input impedance is not definable. On signal generators with Option 1EM, this connector is located on the rear panel.

36. Q Input

This female BNC input connector (E8267D only) accepts the quadrature–phase (Q) component of an externally supplied, analog, I/Q modulation. The in–phase (I) component is supplied through the I

INPUT. The signal level is = 0.5 V

impedance is 50 or 600 ohms. The damage level is 1 V the I and Q input connectors, press

Ext 600 Ohm. On signal generators with Option 1EM, these connectors are located on the rear panel.

Mux > I/Q Source 1 or I/Q Source 2 and then select either Ext 50 Ohm or

for a calibrated output level. The nominal input

rms

and 10 V

rms

. To activate signals applied to

peak

37. I Input

This female BNC input connector (E8267D only) accepts the in–phase (I) component of an externally supplied, analog, I/Q modulation. The quadrature–phase (Q) component is supplied through the Q

INPUT. The signal level is = 0.5 V

impedance is 50 or 600 ohms. The damage level is 1 V the I and Q input connectors, press

Ext 600 Ohm. On signal generators with Option 1EM, these connectors are located on the rear panel.

Chapter 1 15

Mux > I/Q Source 1 or I/Q Source 2 and then select either Ext 50 Ohm or

for a calibrated output level. The nominal input

rms

and 10 V

rms

. To activate signals applied to

peak

Signal Generator Overview Front Panel Display

Front Panel Display

Figure 0-2 shows the various regions of the PSG display. This section describes each region.

Figure 1-2 Front Panel Display Diagram

1. Active Entry Area 5. Amplitude Area

2. Frequency Area 6. Error Message Area

3. Annunciators 7. Text Area

4. Digital Modulation Annunciators 8. Softkey Label Area

16 Chapter 1

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