ZyXEL NBG-419NV2 Users Manual
Network Address Translation (NAT)
17.1 Overview
NAT (Network Address Translation - NAT, RFC 1631) is the translation of the IP address of a host in
a packet. For example, the source address of an outgoing packet, used within one network is
changed to a different IP address known within another network.
Each packet has two addresses – a source address and a destination address. For outgoing packets,
NAT maps private (local) IP addresses to globally unique ones required for communication with
hosts on other networks. It replaces the original IP source address in each packet and then
forwards it to the Internet. The Router keeps track of the original addresses and port numbers so
incoming reply packets can have their original values restored. The following figure illustrates this.
Figure 99 NAT Example
CHAPTER 17
For more information on IP address translation, refer to RFC 1631, The IP Network Address
Translator (NAT).
17.2 What You Can Do
•Use the General screen (Section 17.3 on page 142) to enable NAT and set a default server.
•Use the Application screen (Section 17.4 on page 142) o forward incoming service requests to
the server(s) on your local network.
•Use the Advanced screen (Section 17.5 on page 144) to change your Router’s trigger port
settings.
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17.3 General NAT Screen
Use this screen to enable NAT and set a default server. Click Network > NAT > General to open
the following screen.
Figure 100 Network > NAT > General
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 62 Network > NAT > General
LABEL DESCRIPTION
NAT Setup
Enable Network
Address
Tra n s l a tion
Network Address Translation (NAT) allows the translation of an Internet protocol address
used within one network (for example a private IP address used in a local network) to a
different IP address known within another network (for example a public IP address used on
the Internet).
Select the check box to enable NAT.
Default Server Setup
Server IP
Address
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the Router.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
In addition to the servers for specified services, NAT supports a default server. A default
server receives packets from ports that are not specified in the Application screen.
If you do not assign a Default Server IP address, the Router discards all packets received
for ports that are not specified in the Application screen or remote management.
17.4 NAT Application Screen
Use the Application screen to forward incoming service requests to the server(s) on your local
network. You may enter a single port number or a range of port numbers to be forwarded, and the
local IP address of the desired server. The port number identifies a service; for example, web
service is on port 80 and FTP on port 21. In some cases, such as for unknown services or where one
server can support more than one service (for example both FTP and web service), it might be
better to specify a range of port numbers.
In addition to the servers for specified services, NAT supports a default server. A service request
that does not have a server explicitly designated for it is forwarded to the default server. If the
default is not defined, the service request is simply discarded.
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Chapter 17 Network Address Translation (NAT)
Note: Many residential broadband ISP accounts do not allow you to run any server
processes (such as a Web or FTP server) from your location. Your ISP may
periodically check for servers and may suspend your account if it discovers any
active services at your location. If you are unsure, refer to your ISP.
Port forwarding allows you to define the local servers to which the incoming services will be
forwarded. To change your Router’s port forwarding settings, click Network > NAT > Application.
The screen appears as shown.
Note: If you do not assign a Default Server IP address in the NAT > General screen,
the Router discards all packets received for ports that are not specified in this
screen or remote management.
Refer to Appendix E on page 263 for port numbers commonly used for particular services.
Figure 101 Network > NAT > Application
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 63 Network > NAT > Application
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Add Application Rule
Active Select the check box to enable this rule and the requested service can be forwarded to the
Service Name Type a name (of up to 31 printable characters) to identify this rule in the first field next to
Port Type a port number(s) to define the service to be forwarded to the specified server.
Server IP
Address
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host with a specified internal IP address.
Clear the checkbox to disallow forwarding of these ports to an inside server without having
to delete the entry.
Service Name. Otherwise, select a predefined service in the second field next to Service
Name. The predefined service name and port number(s) will display in the Service Name
and Port fields.
To specify a range of ports, enter a hyphen (-) between the first port and the last port, such
as 10-20.
To specify two or more non-consecutive port numbers, separate them by a comma without
spaces, such as 123,567.
Type the IP address of the server on your LAN that receives packets from the port(s)
specified in the Port field.
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Table 63 Network > NAT > Application (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Application Rules Summary
# This is the number of an individual port forwarding server entry.
Active This icon is turned on when the rule is enabled.
Name This field displays a name to identify this rule.
Port This field displays the port number(s).
Server IP
Address
Modify Click the Edit icon to display and modify an existing rule setting in the fields under Add
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the Router.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
This field displays the inside IP address of the server.
Application Rule.
Click the Remove icon to delete a rule.
17.5 NAT Advanced Screen
Some services use a dedicated range of ports on the client side and a dedicated range of ports on
the server side. With regular port forwarding you set a forwarding port in NAT to forward a service
(coming in from the server on the WAN) to the IP address of a computer on the client side (LAN).
The problem is that port forwarding only forwards a service to a single LAN IP address. In order to
use the same service on a different LAN computer, you have to manually replace the LAN
computer's IP address in the forwarding port with another LAN computer's IP address.
Trigger port forwarding solves this problem by allowing computers on the LAN to dynamically take
turns using the service. The Router records the IP address of a LAN computer that sends traffic to
the WAN to request a service with a specific port number and protocol (a "trigger" port). When the
Router's WAN port receives a response with a specific port number and protocol ("incoming" port),
the Router forwards the traffic to the LAN IP address of the computer that sent the request. After
that computer’s connection for that service closes, another computer on the LAN can use the
service in the same manner. This way you do not need to configure a new IP address each time you
want a different LAN computer to use the application.
To change your Router’s trigger port settings, click Network > NAT > Advanced. The screen
appears as shown.
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Note: Only one LAN computer can use a trigger port (range) at a time.
Figure 102 Network > NAT > Advanced
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 64 Network > NAT > Advanced
LABEL DESCRIPTION
# This is the rule index number (read-only).
Name Type a unique name (up to 15 characters) for identification purposes. All characters are
permitted - including spaces.
Incoming Incoming is a port (or a range of ports) that a server on the WAN uses when it sends out a
Start Port Type a port number or the starting port number in a range of port numbers.
End Port Type a port number or the ending port number in a range of port numbers.
Trigger The trigger port is a port (or a range of ports) that causes (or triggers) the Router to record
Start Port Type a port number or the starting port number in a range of port numbers.
End Port Type a port number or the ending port number in a range of port numbers.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the Router.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
particular service. The Router forwards the traffic with this port (or range of ports) to the
client computer on the LAN that requested the service.
the IP address of the LAN computer that sent the traffic to a server on the WAN.
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Chapter 17 Network Address Translation (NAT)
Router
Router
17.5.1 Trigger Port Forwarding Example
The following is an example of trigger port forwarding.
Figure 103 Trigger Port Forwarding Process: Example
1 Jane requests a file from the Real Audio server (port 7070).
2 Port 7070 is a “trigger” port and causes the Router to record Jane’s computer IP address. The
Router associates Jane's computer IP address with the "incoming" port range of 6970-7170.
3 The Real Audio server responds using a port number ranging between 6970-7170.
4 The Router forwards the traffic to Jane’s computer IP address.
5 Only Jane can connect to the Real Audio server until the connection is closed or times out. The
Router times out in three minutes with UDP (User Datagram Protocol), or two hours with TCP/IP
(Transfer Control Protocol/Internet Protocol).
17.5.2 Two Points To Remember About Trigger Ports
1 Trigger events only happen on data that is going coming from inside the Router and going to the
outside.
If an application needs a continuous data stream, that port (range) will be tied up so that another
computer on the LAN can’t trigger it.
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CHAPTER 18
18.1 Overview
Dynamic DNS (DDNS) services let you use a domain name with a dynamic IP address.
18.2 What You Can Do
Use the Dynamic DNS screen (Section 18.4 on page 147) to enable DDNS and configure the DDNS
settings on the Router.
18.3 What You Need To Know
Dynamic DNS
Dynamic DNS allows you to update your current dynamic IP address with one or many dynamic
DNS services so that anyone can contact you (in NetMeeting, CU-SeeMe, etc.). You can also access
your FTP server or Web site on your own computer using a domain name (for instance
myhost.dhs.org, where myhost is a name of your choice) that will never change instead of using an
IP address that changes each time you reconnect. Your friends or relatives will always be able to
call you even if they don't know your IP address.
18.4 Dynamic DNS Screen
To change your Router’s DDNS, click Network > DDNS. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 104 Network > DDNS
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Chapter 18 Dynamic DNS
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 65 Network > DDNS
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Enable
Dynamic DNS
Service
Provider
Host Name Enter a host names in the field provided. You can specify up to two host names in the field
User Name Enter your user name.
Password Enter the password assigned to you.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the Router.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Select this check box to use dynamic DNS.
Select the name of your Dynamic DNS service provider.
separated by a comma (",").
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19.1 Overview
This chapter shows you how to configure static routes for your Router.
Each remote node specifies only the network to which the gateway is directly connected, and the
Router has no knowledge of the networks beyond. For instance, the Router knows about network
N2 in the following figure through remote node Router 1. However, the Router is unable to route a
packet to network N3 because it doesn't know that there is a route through the same remote node
Router 1 (via gateway Router 2). The static routes are for you to tell the Router about the networks
beyond the remote nodes.
Figure 105 Example of Static Routing Topology
CHAPTER 19
Static Route
19.2 What You Can Do
Use the IP Static Route screen (Section 19.3 on page 150) to view, add and delete routes.
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Chapter 19 Static Route
19.3 IP Static Route Screen
Click Network > Static Route to open the IP Static Route screen.
Figure 106 Network > Static Route
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 66 Network > Static Route
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Static Routing Settings
Route Name Enter a the name that describes or identifies this route.
Destination IP
Address
IP Subnet
Netmask
Gateway IP
Address
Metric Assign a number to identify the route.
Add Rule Click this to add the IP static route.
Application Rules Summary
No. This is the number of an individual static route.
Active The rules are always on and this is indicated by the icon.
Name This is the name that describes or identifies this route.
Destination This parameter specifies the IP network address of the final destination. Routing is
Gateway This is the IP address of the gateway. The gateway is a router or switch on the
Enter the IP network address of the final destination.
This is the subnet to which the route’s final destination belongs.
Enter the the IP address of the gateway.
always based on network number.
same network segment as the device's LAN or WAN port. The gateway helps
forward packets to their destinations.
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Chapter 19 Static Route
Table 66 Network > Static Route
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Metric This is the number assigned to the route.
Delete Click the Delete icon to remove a static route from the Router. A window displays
asking you to confirm that you want to delete the route.
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20.1 Overview
Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is an interior or intra-domain routing protocol that uses
distance-vector routing algorithms. RIP is used on the Internet and is common in the NetWare
environment as a method for exchanging routing information between routers.
20.2 What You Can Do
Use the RIP screen (Section 20.3 on page 153) to enable RIPv1 or RIPv2, which are LAN broadcast
protocols.
CHAPTER 20
RIP
20.3 RIP Screen
Use this screen to enable RIPv1 or RIPv2, which are LAN broadcast protocols. Click Network >
RIP. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 107 Network > RIP
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 67 Network > RIP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
RIP Select the RIPv1 or RIPv2 you want the Router to use.
Otherwise select None.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the Router.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
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Chapter 20 RIP
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21.1 Overview
This chapter shows you how to enable and configure the firewall that protects your Router and your
LAN from unwanted or malicious traffic.
Enable the firewall to protect your LAN computers from attacks by hackers on the Internet and
control access between the LAN and WAN. By default the firewall:
• allows traffic that originates from your LAN computers to go to all of the networks.
• blocks traffic that originates on the other networks from going to the LAN.
The following figure illustrates the default firewall action. User A can initiate an IM (Instant
Messaging) session from the LAN to the WAN (1). Return traffic for this session is also allowed (2).
However other traffic initiated from the WAN is blocked (3 and 4).
CHAPTER 21
Firewall
Figure 108 Default Firewall Action
21.2 What You Can Do
•Use the General (Section 21.4 on page 156) screen to enable or disable the Router’s firewall.
•Use the Services screen (Section 21.5 on page 157) screen enable service blocking, enter/
delete/modify the services you want to block and the date/time you want to block them.
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Chapter 21 Firewall
21.3 What You Need To Know
The Router’s firewall feature physically separates the LAN and the WAN and acts as a secure
gateway for all data passing between the networks.
It is designed to protect against Denial of Service (DoS) attacks when activated (click the General
tab under Firewall and then click the Enable Firewall check box). The Router's purpose is to
allow a private Local Area Network (LAN) to be securely connected to the Internet. The Router can
be used to prevent theft, destruction and modification of data, as well as log events, which may be
important to the security of your network.
The Router is installed between the LAN and a broadband modem connecting to the Internet. This
allows it to act as a secure gateway for all data passing between the Internet and the LAN.
The Router has one Ethernet WAN port and four Ethernet LAN ports, which are used to physically
separate the network into two areas.The WAN (Wide Area Network) port attaches to the broadband
(cable or DSL) modem to the Internet.
The LAN (Local Area Network) port attaches to a network of computers, which needs security from
the outside world. These computers will have access to Internet services such as e-mail, FTP and
the World Wide Web. However, "inbound access" is not allowed (by default) unless the remote host
is authorized to use a specific service.
21.4 General Firewall Screen
Use this screen to enable or disable the Router’s firewall, and set up firewall logs. Click Security >
Firewall to open the General screen.
Figure 109 Security > Firewall > General
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 68 Security > Firewall > General
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Enable Firewall Select this check box to activate the firewall. The Router performs access control and
protects against Denial of Service (DoS) attacks when the firewall is activated.
Apply Click Apply to save the settings.
Reset Click Reset to start configuring this screen again.
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21.5 Services Screen
If an outside user attempts to probe an unsupported port on your Router, an ICMP response packet
is automatically returned. This allows the outside user to know the Router exists. Use this screen to
prevent the ICMP response packet from being sent. This keeps outsiders from discovering your
Router when unsupported ports are probed.
You can also use this screen to enable service blocking, enter/delete/modify the services you want
to block and the date/time you want to block them.
Click Security > Firewall > Services. The screen appears as shown next.
Figure 110 Security > Firewall > Services
Chapter 21 Firewall
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 69 Security > Firewall > Services
LABEL DESCRIPTION
ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol is a message control and error-reporting protocol
Respond to
Ping on
Apply Click Apply to save the settings.
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between a host server and a gateway to the Internet. ICMP uses Internet Protocol (IP)
datagrams, but the messages are processed by the TCP/IP software and directly apparent
to the application user.
The Router will not respond to any incoming Ping requests when Disable is selected. Select
LAN to reply to incoming LAN Ping requests. Select WAN to reply to incoming WAN Ping
requests. Otherwise select LAN & WAN to reply to all incoming LAN and WAN Ping
requests.
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Table 69 Security > Firewall > Services (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Enable Firewall Rule
Enable Firewall
Rule
Apply Click Apply to save the settings.
Add Firewall Rule
Service Name Enter a name that identifies or describes the firewall rule.
MAC Address Enter the MAC address of the computer for which the firewall rule applies.
Dest IP Address Enter the IP address of the computer to which traffic for the application or service is
Source IP
Address
Protocol Select the protocol (TCP, UDP, ICMP or None) used to transport the packets for which you
Dest Port
Range
Source Port
Range
Add Rule Click Add to save the firewall rule.
Firewall Rule
# This is your firewall rule number. The ordering of your rules is important as rules are applied
Service Name This is a name that identifies or describes the firewall rule.
MAC Address This is the MAC address of the computer for which the firewall rule applies.
Dest IP Address This is the IP address of the computer to which traffic for the application or service is
Source IP
Address
Protocol This is the protocol (TCP, UDP, ICMP or None) used to transport the packets for which you
Dest Port
Range
Source Port
Range
Action Drop - Traffic matching the conditions of the firewall rule are stopped.
Delete Click this to remove the firewall rule.
Reset Click Reset to start configuring this screen again.
Select this check box to activate the firewall rules that you define (see Add Firewall Rule
below)
entering.
The Router applies the firewall rule to traffic initiating from this computer.
Enter the IP address of the computer that initializes traffic for the application or service.
The Router applies the firewall rule to traffic initiating from this computer.
want to apply the firewall rule.
Enter the port number/range of the destination that define the traffic type, for example TCP
port 80 defines web traffic.
Enter the port number/range of the source that define the traffic type, for example TCP port
80 defines web traffic.
in turn.
entering.
This is the IP address of the computer from which traffic for the application or service is
initialized.
want to apply the firewall rule.
This is the port number/range of the destination that define the traffic type, for example
TCP port 80 defines web traffic.
This is the port number/range of the source that define the traffic type, for example TCP
port 80 defines web traffic.
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See Appendix E on page 263 for commonly used services and port numbers.
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22.1 Overview
This chapter provides a brief overview of content filtering using the embedded web GUI.
Internet content filtering allows you to create and enforce Internet access policies tailored to your
needs. Content filtering is the ability to block certain web features or specific URL keywords.
22.2 What You Can Do
Use the Content Filter (Section 22.4 on page 160) screen to restrict web features, add
keywords for blocking and designate a trusted computer.
CHAPTER 22
Content Filter
22.3 What You Need To Know
Content filtering allows you to block certain web features, such as cookies, and/or block access to
specific web sites. For example, you can configure one policy that blocks John Doe’s access to arts
and entertainment web pages.
22.3.1 Content Filtering Profiles
A content filtering profile conveniently stores your custom settings for the following features.
Restrict Web Features
The Router can disable web proxies and block web features such as ActiveX controls, Java applets
and cookies.
Keyword Blocking URL Checking
The Router checks the URL’s domain name (or IP address) and file path separately when performing
keyword blocking.
The URL’s domain name or IP address is the characters that come before the first slash in the URL.
For example, with the URL www.zyxel.com.tw/news/pressroom.php
www.zyxel.com.tw
.
, the domain name is
The file path is the characters that come after the first slash in the URL. For example, with the URL
www.zyxel.com.tw/news/pressroom.php
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, the file path is news/pressroom.php.
Chapter 22 Content Filter
Since the Router checks the URL’s domain name (or IP address) and file path separately, it will not
find items that go across the two. For example, with the URL www.zyxel.com.tw/news/
pressroom.php, the Router would find “tw” in the domain name (www.zyxel.com.tw). It would also
find “news” in the file path (news/pressroom.php
22.4 Content Filter Screen
Use this screen to restrict web features, add keywords for blocking and designate a trusted
computer.
Click Security > Content Filter to open the Content Filter screen.
Figure 111 Security > Content Filter > Content Filter
) but it would not find “tw/news”.
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 70 Security > Content Filter > Content Filter
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Trusted IP
Setup
Restrict Web
Features
ActiveX A tool for building dynamic and active Web pages and distributed object applications. When
Java A programming language and development environment for building downloadable Web
To enable this feature, type an IP address of any one of the computers in your network that
you want to have as a trusted computer. This allows the trusted computer to have full
access to all features that are configured to be blocked by content filtering.
Leave this field blank to have no trusted computers.
Select the box(es) to restrict a feature. When you download a page containing a restricted
feature, that part of the web page will appear blank or grayed out.
you visit an ActiveX Web site, ActiveX controls are downloaded to your browser, where they
remain in case you visit the site again.
components or Internet and intranet business applications of all kinds.
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Chapter 22 Content Filter
Table 70 Security > Content Filter > Content Filter (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Cookies Used by Web servers to track usage and provide service based on ID.
Web Proxy A server that acts as an intermediary between a user and the Internet to provide security,
administrative control, and caching service. When a proxy server is located on the WAN it is
possible for LAN users to circumvent content filtering by pointing to this proxy server.
Enable URL
Keyword
Blocking
Keyword Type a keyword in this field. You may use any character (up to 64 characters). Wildcards are
Keyword List This list displays the keywords already added.
Add Click Add after you have typed a keyword.
Delete Highlight a keyword in the lower box and click Delete to remove it. The keyword disappears
Clear All Click this button to remove all of the listed keywords.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh
The Router can block Web sites with URLs that contain certain keywords in the domain name
or IP address. For example, if the keyword "bad" was enabled, all sites containing this
keyword in the domain name or IP address will be blocked, e.g., URL http://
www.website.com/bad.html would be blocked. Select this check box to enable this feature.
not allowed. You can also enter a numerical IP address.
Repeat this procedure to add other keywords. Up to 64 keywords are allowed.
When you try to access a web page containing a keyword, you will get a message telling you
that the content filter is blocking this request.
from the text box after you click Apply.
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Chapter 22 Content Filter
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23.1 Overview
A
B
-> VOIP
-> FTP
-> HTTP
-> Chat, Email
This chapter contains information about configuring bandwidth management and editing rules.
ZyXEL’s Bandwidth Management allows you to specify bandwidth management rules based on an
application.
In the figure below, uplink traffic goes from the LAN device (A) to the WAN device (B). Bandwidth
management is applied before sending the packets out to the WAN. Downlink traffic comes back
from the WAN device (B) to the LAN device (A). Bandwidth management is applied before sending
the traffic out to LAN.
Figure 112 Bandwidth Management Example
CHAPTER 23
Bandwidth Management
You can allocate specific amounts of bandwidth capacity (bandwidth budgets) to individual
applications (like VoIP, Web, FTP, and E-mail for example).
23.2 What You Can Do
•Use the General screen (Section 23.4 on page 164) to enable bandwidth management and
assign bandwidth values.
•Use the Advanced screen (Section 23.5 on page 164) to configure bandwidth managements rule
for the pre-defined services and applications.
•Use the Monitor screen (Section 23.6 on page 168) to view the amount of network bandwidth
that applications running in the network are using.
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Chapter 23 Bandwidth Management
23.3 What You Need To Know
The sum of the bandwidth allotments that apply to the WAN interface (LAN to WAN, WLAN to WAN)
must be less than or equal to the Upstream Bandwidth that you configure in the Bandwidth
Management Advanced screen (Section 23.5 on page 164).
The sum of the bandwidth allotments that apply to the LAN interface (WAN to LAN, WAN to WLAN)
must be less than or equal to the Downstream Bandwidth that you configure in the Bandwidth
Management Advanced screen Section 23.5 on page 164.
23.4 General Screen
Use this screen to have the Router apply bandwidth management.
Click Management > Bandwidth Management to open the bandwidth management General
screen.
Figure 113 Management > Bandwidth Management > General
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 71 Management > Bandwidth Management > General
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Enable
Bandwidth
Management
Apply Click Apply to save your customized settings.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
This field allows you to have Router apply bandwidth management.
Enable bandwidth management to give traffic that matches a bandwidth rule priority over
traffic that does not match a bandwidth rule.
Enabling bandwidth management also allows you to control the maximum or minimum
amounts of bandwidth that can be used by traffic that matches a bandwidth rule.
23.5 Advanced Screen
Use this screen to configure bandwidth management rules for the pre-defined services or
applications.
You can also use this screen to configure bandwidth management rule for other services or
applications that are not on the pre-defined list of Router. Additionally, you can define the source
and destination IP addresses and port for a service or application.
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Chapter 23 Bandwidth Management
Note: The two tables shown in this screen can be configured and applied at the same
time.
Click Management > Bandwidth Management > Advanced to open the bandwidth
management Advanced screen.
Figure 114 Management > Bandwidth Management > Advanced
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 72 Management > Bandwidth Management > Advanced
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Management Bandwidth
Upstream
Bandwidth
Downstream
Bandwidth
Application List Use this table to allocate specific amounts of bandwidth based on a pre-defined service.
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Select the total amount of bandwidth (from 64 Kilobits to 32 Megabits) that you want to
dedicate to uplink traffic.
This is traffic from LAN/WLAN to WAN.
Select the total amount of bandwidth (from 64 Kilobits to 32 Megabits) that you want to
dedicate to uplink traffic.
This is traffic from WAN to LAN/WLAN.
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Chapter 23 Bandwidth Management
Table 72 Management > Bandwidth Management > Advanced (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
# This is the number of an individual bandwidth management rule.
Priority Select a priority from the drop down list box. Choose High, Mid or Low.
• High - Select this for voice traffic or video that is especially sensitive to jitter (jitter is
• Mid - Select this for "excellent effort" or better than best effort and would include
• Low - Select this for non-critical "background" traffic such as bulk transfers that are
Category This is the category where a service belongs.
Service This is the name of the service.
Select the check box to have the Router apply this bandwidth management rule.
Advanced
Setting
User-defined
Service
# This is the number of an individual bandwidth management rule.
Enable Select this check box to have the Router apply this bandwidth management rule.
Direction Select LAN to apply bandwidth management to traffic from WAN to LAN.
Click the Edit icon to open the Rule Configuration screen where you can modify the rule.
Use this table to allocate specific amounts of bandwidth to specific applications or services
you specify.
the variations in delay).
important business traffic that can tolerate some delay.
allowed but that should not affect other applications and users.
Select WAN to apply bandwidth management to traffic from LAN/WLAN to WAN.
Select WLAN to apply bandwidth management to traffic from WAN to WLAN.
Service Name Enter a descriptive name for the bandwidth management rule.
Category This is the category where a service belongs.
Modify Click the Edit icon to open the Rule Configuration screen. Modify an existing rule or
create a new rule in the Rule Configuration screen. See Section 23.5.2 on page 167 for
more information.
Click the Remove icon to delete a rule.
Apply Click Apply to save your customized settings.
Reset Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh.
23.5.1 Rule Configuration: Application Rule Configuration
If you want to edit a bandwidth management rule for a pre-defined service or application, click the
Edit icon in the Application List table of the Advanced screen. The following screen displays.
Figure 115 Bandwidth Management Rule Configuration: Application List
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Chapter 23 Bandwidth Management
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 73 Bandwidth Management Rule Configuration: Application List
LABEL DESCRIPTION
# This is the number of an individual bandwidth management rule.
Enable Select an interface’s check box to enable bandwidth management on that interface.
Direction These read-only labels represent the physical interfaces. Bandwidth management applies to
all traffic flowing out of the router through the interface, regardless of the traffic’s source.
Traffic redirect or IP alias may cause LAN-to-LAN traffic to pass through the Router and be
managed by bandwidth management.
Bandwidth Select Maximum Bandwidth or Minimum Bandwidth and specify the maximum or
minimum bandwidth allowed for the rule in kilobits per second.
Destination Port This is the port number of the destination that define the traffic type, for example TCP port
80 defines web traffic.
See Appendix E on page 263 for some common services and port numbers.
Source Port This is the port number of the source that define the traffic type, for example TCP port 80
defines web traffic.
See Appendix E on page 263 for some common services and port numbers.
Protocol This is the protocol (TCP, UDP or user-defined) used for the service.
Apply Click Apply to save your customized settings.
Cancel Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving.
23.5.2 Rule Configuration: User Defined Service Rule Configuration
If you want to edit a bandwidth management rule for other applications or services, click the Edit
icon in the User-defined Service table of the Advanced screen. The following screen displays.
Figure 116 Bandwidth Management Rule Configuration: User-defined Service
The following table describes the labels in this screen
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Chapter 23 Bandwidth Management
Table 74 Bandwidth Management Rule Configuration: User-defined Service
LABEL DESCRIPTION
BW Budget Select Maximum Bandwidth or Minimum Bandwidth and specify the maximum or
Destination
Address
Destination
Subnet
Netmask
Destination
Port
Source Address Enter the IP address of the computer that initializes traffic for the application or service.
Source Subnet
Netmask
Source Port This is the port number of the source that define the traffic type, for example TCP port 80
Protocol Select the protocol (TCP, UDP, User defined) for which the bandwidth management rule
Apply Click Apply to save your customized settings.
Cancel Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving.
minimum bandwidth allowed for the rule in kilobits per second.
Enter the IP address of the destination computer.
The Router applies bandwidth management to the service or application that is entering this
computer.
Enter the subnet netmask of the destination of the traffic for which the bandwidth
management rule applies.
This is the port number of the destination that define the traffic type, for example TCP port
80 defines web traffic.
The Router applies bandwidth management to traffic initiating from this computer.
Enter the subnet netmask of the computer initiating the traffic for which the bandwidth
management rule applies.
defines web traffic.
applies.
If you select User-defined, enter the protocol for which the bandwidth management rule
applies. For example, ICMP for ping traffic.
See Appendix E on page 263 for commonly used services and port numbers.
23.6 Monitor Screen
Use this screen to view the amount of network bandwidth that applications running in the network
are using.
The bandwidth is measured in kilobits per second (kbps).
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The monitor shows what kinds of applications are running in the network, the maximum kbps that
each application can use, as well as the percentage of bandwidth it is using.
Figure 117 Management > Bandwidth Management > Monitor
23.6.1 Predefined Bandwidth Management Services
Chapter 23 Bandwidth Management
The following is a description of some services that you can select and to which you can apply
media bandwidth management in the Management > Bandwidth Management > Advanced
screen.
Table 75 Media Bandwidth Management Setup: Services
SERVICE DESCRIPTION
FTP File Transfer Program enables fast transfer of files, including large files that may not be
WWW The World Wide Web (WWW) is an Internet system to distribute graphical, hyper-linked
E-Mail Electronic mail consists of messages sent through a computer network to specific groups or
VoIP (SIP) Sending voice signals over the Internet is called Voice over IP or VoIP. Session Initiated
BitTorrent BitTorrent is a free P2P (peer-to-peer) sharing tool allowing you to distribute large software
Gaming Online gaming services lets you play multiplayer games on the Internet via broadband
possible by e-mail.
information, based on Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) - a client/server protocol for the
World Wide Web. The Web is not synonymous with the Internet; rather, it is just one service
on the Internet. Other services on the Internet include Internet Relay Chat and
Newsgroups. The Web is accessed through use of a browser.
individuals. Here are some default ports for e-mail:
Protocol (SIP) is an internationally recognized standard for implementing VoIP. SIP is an
application-layer control (signaling) protocol that handles the setting up, altering and
tearing down of voice and multimedia sessions over the Internet.
SIP is transported primarily over UDP but can also be transported over TCP.
and media files. BitTorrent requires you to search for a file with a searching engine yourself.
It distributes files by corporation and trading, that is, the client downloads the file in small
pieces and share the pieces with other peers to get other half of the file.
technology. As of this writing, your Router supports Xbox, Playstation, Battlenet and MSN
Game Zone.
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24.1 Overview
This chapter provides information on the Remote Management screens.
Remote Management allows you to manage your Router from a remote location through the
following interfaces:
•LAN and WAN
•LAN only
•WAN only
Note: The Router is managed using the Web Configurator.
CHAPTER 24
Remote Management
24.2 What You Can Do
Use the WWW screen (Section 24.4 on page 171) to define the interface/s from which the Router
can be managed remotely and specify a secure client that can manage the Router.
24.3 What You Need to Know
Remote management over LAN or WAN will not work when:
1 The IP address in the Secured Client IP Address field (Section 24.4 on page 171) does not
match the client IP address. If it does not match, the Router will disconnect the session
immediately.
2 There is already another remote management session. You may only have one remote
management session running at one time.
3 There is a firewall rule that blocks it.
24.3.1 Remote Management and NAT
When NAT is enabled:
• Use the Router’s WAN IP address when configuring from the WAN.
• Use the Router’s LAN IP address when configuring from the LAN.
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