Yaesu VX-5R Service Manual

50/144/430 MHz Triple-Band

Heavy Duty FM Transceiver

VX-5R

Technical Supplement

VERTEX STANDARD CO., LTD.

4-8-8 Nakameguro, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 153-8644, Japan

VERTEX STANDARD

US Headquarters

10900 Walker Street, Cypress, CA 90630, U.S.A.

International Division

8350 N.W. 52nd Terrace, Suite 201, Miami, FL 33166, U.S.A.

YAESU EUROPE B.V.

P.O. Box 75525, 1118 ZN Schiphol, The Netherlands

YAESU UK LTD.

Unit 12, Sun Valley Business Park, Winnall Close Winchester, Hampshire, SO23 0LB, U.K.

VERTEX STANDARD HK LTD.

Unit 5, 20/F., Seaview Centre, 139-141 Hoi Bun Road, Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong

Introduction

This manual provides the technical information necessary for servicing

the VX-5R Triple-Band Heavy Duty FM Transceiver.

Servicing this equipment requires expertise in handing surface-mount

chip components. Attempts by non-qualified persons to service this

equipment may result in permanent damage not covered by the war-

ranty, and may be illegal in some countries.

Two PCB layout diagrams provided for each double-sided board in

this transceiver. Each side of the board is referred to by the type of the

majority of components installed on that side ("Side A" or "Side B"). In

most cases one side has only chip components, and the other has ei-

ther a mixture of both chip and leaded components (trimmers, coils,

electrolytic capacitors, ICs, etc.), or leaded components only.

While we believe the information in this manual to be correct, VER-

TEX STANDARD assumes no liability for damage that may occur as a

result of typographical or other errors that may be present. Your coop-

eration in pointing out any inconsistencies in the technical informa-

tion would be appreciated.

Specification.......................................................................................................................................... 2

Exploded View & Miscellaneous Parts ............................................................................................ 3

Block Diagram ...................................................................................................................................... 5

Interconnection Diagram .................................................................................................................... 6

Circuit Description ............................................................................................................................. 7

Alignment ............................................................................................................................................ 11

Board Unit (Schematics, Layouts & Parts)

CNTL Unit ......................................................................................................................................................................17

AF Unit ............................................................................................................................................................................ 35

RF Unit ............................................................................................................................................................................51

VCO Unit ........................................................................................................................................................................ 73

Specifications

General

Frequency Ranges:

Channel Steps: Frequency Stability: Repeater Shift (default):

Emission Type: Antenna Impedance: Supply Voltage:

Current Consumption:

Operating Temperature: Case Size: Weight:

Transmitter

RF Power Output:

Modulation Type: Maximum Deviation: Spurious Emission: Microphone Impedance:

Receiver

Circuit Type: Intermediate Frequencies:

Sensitivity:

Selectivity: AF Output:

Rx: 0.5 - 1.8 MHz (BC Band)

1.8 - 16 MHz (SW Band) 48 - 59 MHz (50 MHz HAM) 59 - 108 MHz (FM) 108 - 137 MHz (Air Band) 137 - 174 MHz (144 MHz HAM) 174 - 222 MHz (VHF-TV) 222 - 420 MHz (ACT1: Action Band 1) 420 - 470 MHz (430 MHz HAM) 470 - 729 MHz (UHF-TV) 800 - 999 MHz (ACT2: Action Band 2, Cellular Blocked)

Tx: 50 - 54 MHz

144 - 146 MHz or 144 - 148 MHz

430 - 440 MHz or 430 - 450 MHz 5/9/10/12.5/15/20/25/50/100 kHz ±5 ppm (–10°C to +60°C) ±600 kHz (144 MHz) ±1.6/5.0/7.6 MHz (430 MHz) F2, F3 50 W Nominal: 7.2 V DC, Negative Ground

Operating: 10 - 16 V DC, Negative Ground (EXT DC jack)

150 mA (Receive) 55 mA (Standby, Saver Off) 25 mA (Standby, Saver On) 400 µA (Auto Power Off)

1.6 A (5 W Tx, 50 MHz)

1.7 A (5 W Tx, 144 MHz)

1.9 A (4.5 W Tx, 430 MHz) –20°C to +60°C 58 (W) x 88 (H) x 27 (D) mm (w/o knob & antenna) 255 g

5 W (@ 13.8 V EXT DC IN) 5 W (@ 7.2 V, 50 MHz/144 MHz)

4.5 W (@ 7.2 V, 430 MHz) Variable Reactance ±5 kHz At least 60 dB below 2 kW

Double-Conversion Superheterodyne 1st: 47.25 MHz (N-FM)

45.8 MHz (W-FM)

2nd: 450 kHz (N-FM)

10.7 MHz (W-FM)

0.16 µV for 12 dB SINAD (50 - 54 MHz/144-148 MHz, N-FM)

0.9 µV for 12 dB SINAD (76 - 108 MHz/174 - 222 MHz, W-FM)

0.18 µV for 12 dB SINAD (430 - 450 MHz, N-FM) 3 µV for 12 dB SINAD (470 - 729 MHz, except 540-630 MHz, W-FM) 15 kHz/35 kHz (-6 dB/-60 dB: N-FM) 400 mW @ 8 W for 10 % THD (@ 7.2V DC)

Specifications are subject to change without notice, and are guaranteed within amateur bands only.

Exploded View & Miscellaneous Parts

No.

Ç È

YAESU P/N

U9900063 U44104002 U44115002 U9900089 U44105007 U20104002 U9900088 U9900090 U9900066

TAPTITE SCREW 2X3.3Ni TAPTITE SCREW M2X4Ni TAPTITE SCREW M2X15Ni TAPTITE SCREW M2X22B TAPTITE SCREW M2X5B BINDING HEAD SCREW M2X4Ni NYLON WASHER WN-1 TAPTITE SCREW M2X3NI (Lot.5-) TAPTITE SCREW M1.7X3NI#1 (Lot.5-)

Description

Non-designated parts are available only as part of a designated assembly.

RA0139300 LIGHT GUIDE (LCD)

RA0140200 MIC HOLDER RUBBER

RA0142600 DOUBLE FACE (WINDOW)

Qty.

3 4 2 2 4 2 2 1 1

Q7000291 LCD UNIT

AF UNIT

RA0139400 WINDOW

CP6330003 (USA) CP6330004 (EXPORT) CP6330005 (GERMANY) CP6330006 (KOREA) CP6330008 (VX 5RS) PANEL-SUB ASS'Y

M4090130 SPEAKER

RA0138000 RUBBER KNOB (KEY BOARD)

CNTL Unit

FPC CABLE FR003100B

RA0139800 PACKING PAD(VR/ENC)

RA0139700 STUD (2pcs)

RA0139500 RUBBER CAP

R3152440 PACKING PAD

RA0139600 LIGHT GUIDE

RA0142400 RING NUT (6×0.75) (2pcs)

RA0143600 ENCODER KNOB

RA0143500 VOLUME KNOB

RA0140000 TIE PLATE (PTT)

RA0139200 HOLDER PLATE

RF Unit

RA014030A (Lot. 69~) RA0140300 LATCH NAIL

RA0155600 PACKING SHEET

RA0139100 RUBBER KNOB (PTT)

RA0363100 (VX 5RS) RA013790A (VX 5R:Lot. 5~) RA0137900 (VX 5R) REAR CASE

RA0145000 SMA CONNECTOR ASS'Y

RA0160400 (Lot. 2~) RA0139900 PACKING PAD (SMA)

Note:

Block Diagram

Interconnection Diagram

Circuit Description

The VX-5R internal assembly consists of the RF Unit,

Control (CNTL) Unit, and the AF Unit. The RF Unit con-

tains the receiver front end, PLL IC, power and switching

circuits, and the VCO Unit for transmit and receive local

signal oscillation. The CNTL Unit contains the CPU and

audio ICs, as well as the power circuitry for the LCD. The

AF Unit contains the IF, plus audio ICs.

Receiver Signal Flow

The VX-5R includes five receiver front ends, each opti-

mized for a particular frequency range and mode combi-

nation.

(1) Triplexer

Signals between 0.5 and 540 MHz received at the anten-

na terminal pass through an input low-pass filter com-

posed of L3059, L3060, C3176, and C3175.

Received 430 MHz signals then pass through a low-pass

filter, CF3002 (GLP9-450M), to the UHF T/R switch circuit composed of diode switch D3034 (RLS135), D3038 (1SV307), and D3041 (1SV271).

Received 145 MHz signals, after passing through the first

low-pass filter, are passed through low-pass filter CF3003

(GLP8-148M) to the VHF T/R switch circuit, composed of diode switch D3035 (RLS135), D3039 (1SV307), D3043 (1SV271), and Q3055 (DTC143ZE).

On the 6-meter band, the 50 MHz signals, after passing

through the first low-pass filter, are passed through low-

pass filter L3055, C3164, C3169, and C3163 to the 50 MHz

T/R switch circuit composed of diode switches D3036

(RLS135) and D3040 (1SV307).

(2) 145 MHz Band Reception

Received signals between 140 and 150 MHz pass

through the Triplexer circuit, VHF T/R switch circuit, pro-

tector diode D3003 (1SS362), and 1st VHF band switch D3010 (DAN235E) before additional filtering by a band-

pass filter consisting of C3023, L3010, and C3032. The sig-

nals are then applied to RF amplifier Q3013 (2SC5374).

The amplified RF signal is band-pass filtered by CF3001

(LFB30N11B0146B010PT) and applied through the 2nd VHF band switch circuit D3025 (DAN235E) to the first mixer, Q3020 (2SC5374).

Meanwhile, VHF output from pin 5 of the VCO Unit is

amplified by Q3023 (2SC5374) and applied through diode T/R switch D3030 (DAN222) to mixer Q3020 as the

first local signal.

The 47.25 MHz intermediate frequency product of the

mixer is delivered to the AF Unit.

(3) 435 MHz Band and 222 ~ 540 MHz Reception

Received signals between 430 and 450 MHz pass

through the Triplexer circuit, UHF T/R switch circuit, pro-

tector diode D3002 (1SS362), and a variable band-pass filter composed of L3006, D3008 (HVC358B), and C3017 before application to RF amplifier Q3007 (2SC5374).

The amplified RF signal is then filtered by a two-stage

variable band-pass filter composed of L3014, D3012

(HVC358B), C3040, C3044, D3015 (HVC358B), C3054, and L3020, then further amplified by Q3016 (2SC5374). The

output of Q3016 is applied to a variable band pass filter

composed of L3029, D3024 (HVC358B), and C3079 so that

only signals within the desired frequency range are deliv-

ered to the first mixer, Q3019 (2SC5374).

Meanwhile, UHF output from pin 2 of the VCO Unit is

amplified by Q3022 (2SC5374) and applied through diode T/R switch D3032 (HN2D01FU) to mixer Q3019 as the

“430 Local” first local signal. The 47.25 MHz intermedi-

ate frequency product of the mixer is delivered to the AF

Unit.

The “TUNE” voltage from the CPU on the CNTL Unit

is amplified by DC amplifier Q3056 (TC75S51F) and ap-

plied to varactors D3008, D3012, D3015, and D3024 in the

variable frequency band-pass filters. By changing the elec-

trostatic capacitance of the varactors, optimum filter char-

acteristics are provided for each specific operating fre-

quency.

(4) 50 MHz Band and 47 ~ 76 MHz Reception

Received signals between 50 and 54 MHz pass through

the Triplexer circuit, T/R switch circuit, protector diode

D3004 (1SS362), and a variable band-pass filter composed

of L3007, C3015, C3021, L3009, and C3025 before applica-

tion to RF amplifier Q3009 (2SC4400).

The amplified RF signal is then filtered by a two-stage

variable band-pass filter composed of L3017, D3013

(HVC300A), C3047, C3048, D3016 (HVC300A), C3055, and

L3021, then further amplified by Q3009, so that only sig-

nals within the desired frequency range are delivered to

the first mixer, Q3017 (2SC4400).

Meanwhile, 50 MHz output from pin 7 of the VCO Unit

is amplified by Q3024 (2SC5374) and applied through diode T/R switch D3046 (DAN222) to mixer Q3017 as the

“50 Local” first local signal. The 47.25 MHz intermediate

frequency product of the mixer is delivered to the AF Unit.

The “TUNE” voltage from the CPU on the CNTL Unit

is amplified by DC amplifier Q3056 (TC75S51F) and ap-

plied to varactors D3013 and D3016 in the variable fre-

Circuit Description

quency band-pass filters. By changing the electrostatic

capacitance of the varactors, optimum filter characteris-

tics are provided for each specific operating frequency.

(5) 0.5 ~ 16 MHz Reception

Received signals in the MF and HF bands pass through

the Triplexer circuit, T/R switch circuit, and protector di-

ode D3004 (1SS362), then they flow to the AF Unit.

The RF signal is then filtered by a low-pass filter com-

posed of L2014 and C2018 (0.5 ~ 1.8 MHz) or a high-pass

filter composed of C2109 and L2016 (1.8 ~ 16 MHz), then

further amplified by Q2025 (FC119), so that only signals

within the desired frequency range are delivered to the

first mixer, Q2026 (2SC4400).

Meanwhile, 50 MHz output from pin 7 of the VCO Unit

is amplified by Q3024 (2SC5374) and applied through diode T/R switch D3046 (DAN222) to mixer Q2026 as the

“BC Local” first local signal. The 47.25 MHz intermediate

frequency product of the mixer is delivered to pin 24 of

“Narrow IF” IC Q2005.

(6) 76 ~ 222 MHz Reception

Received signals between 76 and 140 MHz or 150 to 222

MHz pass through the Triplexer circuit, VHF T/R switch

circuit, protector diode D3003 (1SS362), and 1st VHF band switch D3010 (DAN235E) before additional filter-

ing by a band-pass filter composed of C3024, L3007, and

C3033 prior to application to RF amplifier Q3011

(2SC5374).

The amplified RF signal is then filtered by a variable

band-pass filter composed of D3018, D3019 (HVC362´2), L3023, D3021 (1T412), C3068, L3026, D3022, and D3023 (HVC362). The output of D3023 is applied to a variable

band pass filter so that only signals within the desired

frequency range are delivered to the first mixer, Q3020

(2SC5374).

Meanwhile, VHF output from pin 5 of the VCO Unit is

amplified by Q3023 (2SC5374) and applied through diode T/R switch D3030 (DAN222) to mixer Q3020 as the

first local signal.

The 45.8 MHz intermediate frequency product of the

mixer is delivered to the AF Unit.

(7) 540 ~ 800 MHz Reception

Received signals between 540 and 800 MHz are high-

pass filtered by C3001, L3003, C3007, L3005, C3014, and

L3008, and then passed through high-band diode switch

D3009 (HSC277) before application to high-band RF amplifier Q3010 (2SC5277). The amplified RF signal is then

filtered by a variable band-pass filter composed of D3018,

D3019 (HVC362´2), L3023, D3021 (1T412), C3068, L3026, D3022, and D3023 (HVC362´2). The output of the filter is applied to first mixer Q3018 (2SC5277), along with the

800 Local first local signal derived from UHF OUT pin 2

of the VCO Unit, which was amplified by Q3022

(2SC5374) and applied through diode T/R switch D3032.

The 47.25 MHz intermediate frequency product of the

mixer is delivered to the AF Unit.

(8) 47.25 MHz First Intermediate Frequency

The 47.25 MHz first intermediate frequency from the

first mixers is delivered from the RF Unit to the AF Unit

through jacks J3002 and J2002. On the AF Unit, the IF for

AM and FM-narrow signals is passed through NAR/WIDE

switch D2001 (DAP222) and 47.25 MHz monolithic crystal filter XF2001 to Narrow-IF amplifier Q2002 (2SC4400) for input to pin 24 of Narrow IF IC Q2005 (TK10930V) after amplitude limiting by D2003 (DA221).

Meanwhile, a portion of the output of reference oscilla-

tor Q2018 (2SC4617) and 11.7 MHz crystal X2001 is multiplied fourfold by Q2013 (2SC4400) to provide the 46.8

MHz second local signal, which is applied to the Narrow-

IF IC. Within the IC, this signal is mixed with the 47.25

MHz first intermediate frequency signal to produce the

450 kHz second intermediate frequency.

This second IF is filtered by ceramic filter CF2001

(CFWM450F) and amplified by the limiting amplifier

within the Narrow IF IC before quadrature detection by

ceramic discriminator CD2001 (CDBM450C7).

Demodulated audio exits from pin 12 of the Narrow IF

IC through Narrow-IF mute analog switch Q2010

(HN1J02FU) and squelch gate Q2020 (2SJ144GR) before de-emphasis at Q2011 (UMX3N).

The resulting audio is amplified by AF amplifier Q2019

(TDA7233D) and passed through MIC/EAR jack J2003 to

the internal speaker, SP1001, or an external earphone.

(9) Squelch Control

Signal components in the neighborhood of 15 kHz con-

tained in the discriminator output pass through an active

band-pass filter composed of R2019, R2021, R2014, C2025,

and C2029, as well as the operational amplifier between

pins 19 and 20 within Narrow-IF IC Q2005. They are then

rectified by D2002 (DA221) to obtain a DC voltage corre-

sponding to the level of noise. This voltage is applied to

pin 99 of CPU Q1003 (HD6473877UX), which compares

the input voltage with a previously set threshold. When

Circuit Description

the input voltage drops below the threshold, normally due

to the presence of a carrier, squelch gate Q2020

(2SJ144GR) turns on, allowing any demodulated audio

to pass. At the same time, pin 73 of the CPU goes high,

causing the green side of BUSY/TX lamp D2011 (BRPG1211C) to light up.

Transmitter Signal Flow

(1) Modulation

Voice signal input from either built-in microphone

MC1001 (EM-140) on the CNTL Unit or external jack J2003

on the AF Unit is pre-emphasized by C1012 and R1010,

and processed by microphone amplifier Q1014-4

(NJM3403AV) and IDC (instantaneous deviation control)

circuit Q1014-1 to prevent over-modulation, then fed

through an active low-pass filter at Q1014-2.

During CTCSS operation, the voice signal is mixed with

the “TONE ENC” subaudible tone signal from pin 90 of

the CPU and delivered to the RF Unit through jacks J1001

and J3002. During DTMF operation, the DTMF tones from

pin 91 of the CPU are passed to the IDC stage.

(2) 145 MHz Band Transmission

Modulating audio from the CNTL Unit passes through

deviation-setting potentiometer VR1002 to “VHF MOD”

pin 4 of the VCO Unit, which is mounted on the RF Unit.

This signal is applied to varactor D4004 (HVC358B) in the tank circuit of VHF VCO Q4004 (2SC5374), which oscil-

lates at the desired VHF transmitting frequency. The mod-

ulated VCO signal is buffered by amplifier Q4006

(2SC5374) and Q3023, and delivered through VHF T/R

diode switch D3030 to the RF Unit. The modulated low-

level VHF transmit signal from the VCO is passed through

diode switch D3029 (DAN222) to amplifier Q3027 (2SC5374). The modulated VHF transmit signal from the VCO is amplified by Q3034 (2SK3074) and RF power amplifier Q3039 (2SK3075) up to 0.1, 0.5, or 5 W (depending

on the power level selected by the operator). The RF out-

put passes through TX diode switch D3035 to low-pass

filter CF3003, to suppress harmonics and spurious prod-

ucts before delivery to the antenna at the antenna termi-

nal.

(3) 145 MHz Band Transmit/Receive Switching

Closing PTT switch S1002 on the CNTL Unit pulls the

base of Q1001 (DTA144EE) low, causing the collector to

go high. This signal is passed to pin 39 (“PTT”) of CPU

Q1003, allowing the CPU to recognize that the PTT switch

has been pushed. When the CPU detects closure of the

PTT switch, pin 13 (“TX”) goes high. This control signal is

delivered to the RF Unit, where it switches Q3054 (UMW1) and Q3051 (CPH6102) to produce the “TX” control signal that activates Q3031 (2SA1774). At the same time, PLL division data is sent to PLL IC Q3021 (FQ7925) from the

CPU, and “RX” pin 4 goes low, to disable the receiver

power saver. Also, Q3041 (UMD6N) is switched so as to

disable the receiver circuits. The red side of the BUSY/TX

lamp D2011 also lights up.

(4) 435 MHz Band Transmission

Modulating audio from the CNTL Unit passes through

deviation-setting potentiometer VR1003 to “VHF MOD”

pin 2 of the VCO Unit, which is mounted on the RF Unit.

This signal is applied to varactor D4001 (HVC355B) in the tank circuit of UHF VCO Q4002 (2SC5374), which

oscillates at the desired UHF transmitting frequency. The

modulated VCO signal is buffered by amplifier Q4006

(2SC5374) and Q3022, and delivered through UHF T/R

diode switch D3032 to the RF Unit. The modulated low-

level UHF transmit signal from the VCO is passed through

diode switch D3029 (DAN222) to amplifier Q3027 (2SC5374), then amplified by driver Q3034 (2SK3074) and RF power amplifier Q3039 (2SK3075) up to 0.1, 0.5

or 4.5 W (depending on the power level selected by the

operator). The RF output passes through TX diode switch

D3034 and low-pass filtered at CF3002 to suppress har-

monics and spurious products before delivery to the an-

tenna at the antenna terminal.

(5) 435 MHz Band Transmit/Receive Switching

Closing “PTT” switch S1002 on the CNTL Unit pulls

the base of Q1001 (DTA144EE) low, causing the collector

to go high. This signal is passed to pin 39 (“PTT”) of CPU

Q1003, allowing the CPU to recognize that the PTT switch

has been pushed. When the CPU detects closure of the

PTT switch, pin 13 (“TX”) goes high. This control signal is

delivered to the RF Unit, where it switches Q3054 (UMW1) and Q3051 (CPH6102) to produce the “TX” control signal that activates Q3032 (2SA1774). At the same time, PLL division data is sent to PLL IC Q3021 (FQ7925) from the

CPU, and “RX” pin 4 goes low, to (A) disable the receiver

power saver and (B) switch Q3041 (UMD6N) to disable

the receiver circuits. The red side of BUSY/TX lamp D2011

lights up under this condition.

Circuit Description

(6) 50 MHz Band Transmission

Modulating audio from the CNTL Unit passes through

deviation-setting potentiometer VR1001 to “50 MHz

MOD” pin 6 of the VCO Unit, which is mounted on the

RF Unit. This signal is applied to varactors D4007 and

D4008 (HVC300A´2) in the tank circuit of VHF VCO Q4005 (2SC5374), which oscillates at the desired 50 MHz

transmitting frequency. The modulated VCO signal is buff-

ered by amplifier Q4006 (2SC5374) and Q3024, and delivered through 50 MHz T/R diode switch D3033 (1SS355)

to the RF Unit. The modulated low-level 50 MHz trans-

mit signal from the VCO is passed through diode switch

D3033 to amplifier Q3029 (2SC5374), then amplified by RF power amplifier Q3039 (2SK3075) up to 0.1, 0.5 or 5

W (depending on the power level selected by the opera-

tor). The RF output passes through TX diode switch D3036

and low-pass filtered by L3055, C3164, C3169, and C3163

to suppress harmonics and spurious products before de-

livery to the antenna at the antenna terminal.

(7) 50 MHz Band Transmit/Receive Switching

Closing “PTT” switch S1002 on the CNTL Unit pulls

the base of Q1001 (DTA144EE) low, causing the collector

to go high. This signal is passed to pin 39 (“PTT”) of CPU

Q1003, allowing the CPU to recognize that the PTT switch

has been pushed. When the CPU detects closure of the

PTT switch, pin 13 (“TX”) goes high. This control signal is

delivered to the RF Unit, where it switches Q3054 (UMW1) and Q3051 (CPH6102) to produce the TX control signal that activates Q3030 (2SA1774). At the same time, PLL division data is sent to PLL IC Q3021 (FQ7925) from the

CPU, and “RX” pin 4 goes low, to (A) disable the receiver

power saver and (B) switch Q3041 (UMD6N) to disable

the receiver circuits. The red side of BUSY/TX lamp D2011

lights up under this condition.

PLL Frequency Synthesizer

PLL IC Q3021 on the RF Unit consists of a data shift

charge pump, intermittent operation control circuit, and

band selector switch. Serial PLL data from the CPU is con-

verted into parallel data by the shift register in the PLL IC

and is latched into the comparative frequency divider and

reference frequency divider to set a frequency dividing

ratio for each. An 11.7 MHz reference signal produced by

X2001 and Q2018 (2SC4617) on the AF Unit is sent to

“REF” pin 12 of the PLL IC. The internal reference fre-

quency divider divides the 11.7 MHz reference by 2,050

(or 1,640) to obtain a reference frequency of 5 kHz (or 6.25

kHz), which is applied to the phase comparator. Mean-

while, a sample of the output of VHF VCO Q4004

(2SC5374), UHF VCO Q4002 (2SC5374), or 50 MHz VCO Q4005 (2SC5374) is buffered by Q4006 (2SC5374), then

passed to pin 8 of the PLL IC, where it is frequency-divid-

ed by the internal comparative frequency divider to pro-

duce a comparative frequency which is applied to the

phase comparator. The phase comparator compares the

phase between the reference frequency and comparative

frequency, producing an output pulse corresponding to

the phase difference between them. This pulse is sent to

the charge pump, and the output from the charge pump

passes through a loop filter composed of L3034, R3079,

C3097, and either R3084, C3104, R3088, and C3109 for

VHF, or R3083, C3103, R3087 and C3108 for UHF, or

C3099, R3085, C3105, R3089 and C3110 for 50 MHz, which

convert the pulse into a corresponding smoothed varac-

tor control voltage (VCV). The VCV is applied to varactor

D4004 in the VHF VCO tank circuit, or to varactor D4001

in the UHF VCO tank circuit, or to varactors D4007 and

D4008 in the 50 MHz VCO, to eliminate phase difference

between the reference frequency and comparative frequen-

cy, thereby locking the VCO oscillation frequency to the

reference crystal. The VCO frequency is determined by

the frequency dividing ratio sent from the CPU to the PLL

IC. During receiver power save operation, the PLL circuit

operates intermittently to reduce current consumption,

and the “intermittent operation control” circuit reduces

the lock-up time in this mode of operation.

Alignment

Introduction

The VX-5R is carefully aligned at the factory for the spec-

ified performance across the amateur band. Realignment

should therefore not be necessary except in the event of a

component failure. If a sudden problem occurs during

normal operation, it is likely due to component failure;

realignment should not be done until after the faulty com-

ponent has been replaced.

The following procedures cover the adjustments that are

not normally required once the transceiver has left the

factory. However, if damage occurs and some parts sub-

sequently are replaced, realignment may be required.

We recommend that servicing be performed only by au-

thorized VERTEX STANDARD service technicians who

are experienced with the circuitry and fully equipped for

repair and alignment. If a fault is suspected, contact the

dealer from whom the transceiver was purchased for in-

structions regarding repair. Authorized VERTEX STAN-

DARD service technicians realign all circuits and make

complete performance checks to ensure compliance with

factory specifications after replacing any faulty compo-

nents. Those who do undertake any of the following align-

ments are cautioned to proceed at their own risk. Prob-

lems caused by unauthorized attempts at realignment are

not covered by the warranty policy. Also, Yaesu reserves

the right to change circuits and alignment procedures in

the interest of improved performance, without notifying

owners.

Under no circumstances should any alignment be at-

tempted unless the normal function and operation of the

transceiver are clearly understood, the cause of the mal-

function has been clearly pinpointed and any faulty com-

ponents replaced, and realignment determined to be ab-

solutely necessary.

The following test equipment (and familiarity with its

use) is necessary for complete realignment. Correction of

problems caused by misalignment resulting from use of

improper test equipment is not covered under the war-

ranty policy. While most steps do not require all of the

equipment listed, the interactions of some adjustments

may require that more complex adjustments be performed

afterwards.

Do not attempt to perform only a single step unless it is

clearly isolated electrically from all other steps. Have all

test equipment ready before beginning and, follow all of

the steps in a section in the order presented.

Required Test Equipment

m RF Signal Generator with calibrated output level at 500 MHz

m Deviation Meter (linear detector)

m In-line Wattmeter with 5% accuracy at 500 MHz

m 50-ohm, 10-W RF Dummy Load

m 8-ohm AF Dummy Load

m Regulated DC Power Supply adjustable from 3 to 15 V DC, 2A

m Frequency Counter: 0.2-ppm accuracy at 500 MHz

m AF Signal Generator

m AC Voltmeter

m DC Voltmeter: high impedance

m UHF Sampling Coupler

m SINAD Meter

Alignment Preparation & Precautions

A 10-ohm RF load and in-line wattmeter must be con-

nected to the main antenna jack in all procedures that call

for transmission, as accurate alignment is not possible with

an antenna. After completing one step, read the next step

to see if the same test equipment is required. If not, re-

move the test equipment (except dummy load and watt-

meter, if connected) before proceeding.

Correct alignment requires that the ambient tempera-

ture be the same as that of the transceiver and test equip-

ment, and that this temperature be held constant between

20~30°C (68~86°F). When the transceiver is brought into

the shop from hot or cold air, it should be allowed some

time to come to room temperature before alignment.

Whenever possible, alignments should be made with os-

cillator shields and circuit boards firmly affixed in place.

Also, the test equipment must be thoroughly warmed up

before beginning.

Note: Signal levels in dB referred to in the alignment procedure

are based on 0 dBµ=0.5 µV (closed circuit).

Test Setup

Set up the test equipment as shown below for transceiver

alignment, and apply 7.5 V DC power to the transceiver.

Refer to the drawings for Alignment Points.

Alignment Setup

Alignment

PLL Reference Frequency

With the wattmeter, dummy load, and frequency counter

connected to the antenna jack, set the transceiver frequen-

cy to 435.000 MHz. Transmit, and adjust TC1001 on the

AF Unit, if necessary, so the counter frequency is within

100 Hz of the displayed frequency on the VX-5R.

50 MHz band Tx Deviation Adjustment

m With the wattmeter, dummy load and deviation meter

connected to the antenna jack, set the transceiver to

52.000 MHz. Inject a 1 kHz audio tone at a level of 80

mV (rms) to the MIC jack.

m Transmit, and adjust VR1001 to obtain ±4.2-4.5 kHz de-

viation, as indicated on the deviation meter (±3.7-4.0 kHz

for A1, A2A, A2B, and A3 versions).

144 MHz band Tx Deviation Adjustment

m With the wattmeter, dummy load and deviation meter

connected to the antenna jack, set the transceiver to the

center of the 144 MHz band (145 MHz or 146 MHz).

Inject a 1 kHz audio tone at a level of 80 mV (rms) to the

MIC jack.

m Transmit, and adjust VR1002 to obtain ±4.2-4.5 kHz de-

viation, as indicated on the deviation meter (±3.7-4.0 kHz

for A1, A2A, A2B and A3 versions).

430 MHz band Tx Deviation Adjustment

m With the wattmeter, dummy load and deviation meter

connected to the antenna jack, set the transceiver to the

center of the 430 MHz band (435 MHz or 440 MHz).

Inject a 1 kHz audio tone at a level of 80 mV (rms) to the

MIC jack.

m Transmit, and adjust VR1003 to obtain ±4.2-4.5 kHz de-

viation, as indicated on the deviation meter (±3.7-4.0 kHz

for A1, A2A, A2B and A3 versions).

CTCSS Tx Deviation Adjustment

m With the wattmeter, dummy load and deviation meter

connected to the antenna jack, set the transceiver to the

center of 144 MHz band, and enable the CTCSS encod-

er at a frequency of 88.5 Hz.

m Transmit, and adjust VR1004 to obtain ±0.6-0.8 kHz as

indicated on the deviation meter.

FM Wide Alignment

m With the transceiver and RF signal generator both tuned

to 78.1 MHz, modulate the RF signal generator with a 1

kHz tone at a deviation of ±20 kHz, at a level of +40 dBµ

at the antenna jack.

m Adjust T2001 for optimum quieting as indicated on the

SINAD meter.

Back of the Transceiver Body

VR1001 VR1002

VR1003

VR1004

TC2001

T2001

Alignment Points

Internal System Alignment Routine

This uses a programmed routine in the transceiver which

simplifies many previously complex discrete component

settings and adjustments with digitally-controlled settings

via front panel buttons and LCD indications. Transceiver

adjustments include:

m Squelch Hysteresis

m Squelch Threshold & Tight Adjustment

m S-Meter Full Scale & S-1 Adjustment

m Wide-FM S-Meter Full Scale & S-1 Adjustment

m Power Output Adjustment (Hi/L3/L2/L1)

Alignment

DIAL to select the next setting.

Squelch Preset Tight (TIGH SQL) [54]

m Adjust the generator level to –4.0 dBµ, then presses the

MR button twice. Rotate the DIAL to select the next set-

ting.

S-Meter S-1 Adjustment (S1 LEVEL) [12]

m Adjust the generator level to –7.0 dBµ (1 kHz tone @

±3.5 kHz deviation), then presses the MR button twice. Rotate the DIAL to select the next setting.

To begin, set the transceiver to the center of the 50 MHz,

144 MHz, and 430 MHz bands. Next, select the 50 MHz

band, then turn the transceiver off.

Now, press and hold the BAND, TXPO and 0 button

together while powering the radio on again. The display

will show the first setting.

Note that the first few settings are not adjustable and

are left as set from the factory.

In the alignment process, each adjustment is selected by

rotating the DIAL. Alignment is performed by:

m Pressing the MR button;

m Injecting a signal of the required frequency and level;

then

m Pressing the MR button after a level setting or adjust-

ment is made. This second pressing of the MR button

stores the entry.

To exit the alignment routine, press the HOME button.

After performing the system alignment in its entirety, in-

dividual settings can be returned to and adjusted should

the need arise.

In the section to follow, typical default values (as set at

the factory) are shown in brackets (e.g. [119]), to serve as a

general guideline. As each transceiver is individually op-

timized at the factory, the precise settings for the trans-

ceiver on your bench may be slightly different.

S-Meter Full-Scale Adjustment (S9 LEVEL) [106]

m Adjust the generator level to +20 dBµ (1 kHz tone @

±3.5 kHz deviation), then presses the MR button twice. Rotate the DIAL to select the next setting.

Wide-FM S-Meter S-1 Adjustment (S1 LEVEL) [13]

m Adjust the generator level to –0 dBµ (1 kHz tone @ ±20

kHz deviation), then presses the MR button twice. Rotate the DIAL to select the next setting.

Wide-FM S-Meter Full-Scale Adjustment (S9 LEVEL) [131]

m Adjust the generator level to +20 dBµ (1 kHz tone @ ±20

kHz deviation), then presses the MR button twice. Rotate the DIAL to select the next setting.

High TX Power Adjustment (HI POWER) [112]

m Transmit, and adjust the output power level for 5.1-5.5

W by rotating the DIAL, then presses the MR button twice. Rotate the DIAL to select the next setting.

L3 Tx Power Adjustment (L3 POWER) [74]

m Transmit, and adjust the output power level for 2.3-2.7

W by rotating the DIAL, then presses the MR button twice. Rotate the DIAL to select the next setting.

L2 Tx Power Adjustment (L2 POWER) [42]

m Transmit and adjust the output power level for 0.8-1.2

W by rotating the DIAL, then presses the MR button twice. Rotate the DIAL to select the next setting.

50 MHz Band Alignment

Squelch Hysteresis Adjustment (HIS SQL) [0]

m Press the MR button, then rotate the DIAL for minimum

squelch hysteresis. Press the MR button, then rotate the DIAL to select the next setting.

Squelch Preset Threshold (THLD SQL) [88]

m Inject a –15.0 dBµ RF signal (1 kHz tone @ ±3.5 kHz

deviation), then presses the MR button twice. Rotate the

L1 Tx Power Adjustment (L1 POWER) [21]

m Transmit, and adjust the output power level for 0.2-0.4

W by rotating the DIAL, then presses the MR button twice.

This completes the 50 MHz band internal alignment rou-

tine; press the BAND button to activate the 144 MHz band

internal alignment routine.

Alignment

144 MHz Band Alignment

Squelch Hysteresis Adjustment (HIS SQL) [0]

m Press the MR button, then

squelch hysteresis. Press the MR button, then rotate the

to select the next setting.

Squelch Preset Threshold (THLD SQL) [92]

m Inject a –15.0 dBµ RF signal (1 kHz tone @ ±3.5 kHz

deviation), then presses the MR button twice. Rotate the DIAL to select the next setting.

Squelch Preset Tight (TIGH SQL) [44]

m Adjust the generator level to –4.0 dBµ, then presses the

MR button twice. Rotate the DIAL to select the next set-

ting.

S-Meter S-1 Adjustment (S1 LEVEL) [24]

m Adjust the generator level to –7.0 dBµ (1 kHz tone @

±3.5 kHz deviation), then presses the MR button twice. Rotate the DIAL to select the next setting.

S-Meter Full-Scale Adjustment (S9 LEVEL) [120]

m Adjust the generator level to +20 dBµ (1 kHz tone @

±3.5 kHz deviation), then presses the MR button twice. Rotate the DIAL to select the next setting.

Wide-FM S-Meter S-1 Adjustment (S1 LEVEL) [51]

m Adjust the generator level to –0 dBµ (1 kHz tone @ ±20

kHz deviation), then presses the MR button twice. Rotate the DIAL to select the next setting.

Wide-FM S-Meter Full-Scale Adjustment (S9 LEVEL) [170]

m Adjust the generator level to +20 dBµ (1 kHz tone @ ±20

kHz deviation), then presses the MR button twice. Rotate the DIAL to select the next setting.

High TX Power Adjustment (HI POWER) [118]

m Transmit, and adjust the output power level for 5.1-5.5

W by rotating the DIAL, then presses the MR button twice. Rotate the DIAL to select the next setting.

L3 Tx Power Adjustment (L3 POWER) [76]

m Transmit, and adjust the output power level for 2.3-2.7

W by rotating the DIAL, then presses the MR button twice. Rotate the DIAL to select the next setting.

L2 Tx Power Adjustment (L2 POWER) [44]

m Transmit, and adjust the output power level for 0.8-1.2

W by rotating the DIAL, then presses the MR button twice. Rotate the DIAL to select the next setting.

rotate the

DIAL

for minimum

DIAL

L1 Tx Power Adjustment (L1 POWER) [21]

m Transmit, and adjust the output power level for 0.2-0.4

W by rotating the DIAL, then presses the MR button twice.

This completes the 144 MHz band internal alignment

routine; press the BAND button to activate the 430 MHz

band internal alignment routine.

UHF band Alignment

Squelch Hysteresis Adjustment (HIS SQL) [0]

m Press the MR button, then rotate the DIAL for minimum

squelch hysteresis. Press the MR button, then rotate the DIAL to select the next setting.

Squelch Preset Threshold (THLD SQL) [86]

m Inject a –15.0 dBµ RF signal (1 kHz tone @ ±3.5 kHz

deviation), then presses the MR button twice. Rotate the DIAL to select the next setting.

Squelch Preset Tight (TIGH SQL) [55]

m Adjust the generator level to –4.0 dBµ, then presses the

MR button twice. Rotate the DIAL to select the next set-

ting.

S-Meter S-1 Adjustment (S1 LEVEL) [7]

m Adjust the generator level to –7.0 dBµ (1 kHz tone @

±3.5 kHz deviation), then presses the MR button twice. Rotate the DIAL to select the next setting.

S-Meter Full-Scale Adjustment (S9 LEVEL) [96]

m Adjust the generator level to +20 dBµ (1 kHz tone @

±3.5 kHz deviation), then presses the MR button twice. Rotate the DIAL to select the next setting.

Wide-FM S-Meter S-1 Adjustment (S1 LEVEL) [13]

m Adjust the generator level to 0 dBµ (1 kHz tone @ ±20

kHz deviation), then presses the MR button twice. Rotate the DIAL to select the next setting.

Wide-FM S-Meter Full-Scale Adjustment (S9 LEVEL) [134]

m Adjust the generator level to +20 dBµ (1 kHz tone @ ±20

kHz deviation), then presses the MR button twice. Rotate the DIAL to select the next setting.

High TX Power Adjustment (HI POWER) [172]

m Transmit, and adjust the output power level for 4.6-5.0

W by rotating the DIAL, then presses the MR button twice. Rotate the DIAL to select the next setting.

Alignment

L3 Tx Power Adjustment (L3 POWER) [119]

m Transmit, and adjust the output power level for 2.3-2.7

W by rotating the DIAL, then presses the MR button twice. Rotate the DIAL to select the next setting.

L2 Tx Power Adjustment (L2 POWER) [69]

m Transmit, and adjust the output power level for 0.8-1.2

W by rotating the DIAL, then presses the MR button

twice. Rotate the DIAL to select the next setting.

L1 Tx Power Adjustment (L1 POWER) [35]

m Transmit, and adjust the output power level for 0.2-0.4

W by rotating the DIAL, then presses the MR button twice.

This completes the internal alignment routine for all bands.

To save all settings and exit, press the HOME button.

Alignment

Note:

Circuit Diagram

1.0V(0V) 0V(3.0V)

0V(0V)[2.6V] 0V(0V){2.6V}

3.0V(3.0V)

2.9V(2.9V)

3.0V(3.0V)

3.0V(3.0V) 0V(0V)

0V(0V)

3.0V(3.0V)

4.3V(4.3V)

6.4V(6.4V)

3.0V(1.2V)

3.0V(3.0V)

9.0V(9.0V)

3.0V(3.0V)

0.2V(0V)

1.6V(1.6V)

4.6V (4.6V)

6.0V(6.0V)

1.5V(1.5V)

1.7V(1.7V)

2.0V(2.0V)

1.0V(1.0V)

4.0V(4.0V)

3.0V(3.0V)

5.1V(5.1V)

6.1V(6.1V)

0V(0V)

0V(0V) 0V(0V)

3.0V(3.0V) 0V(0V) 0V(0V)

3.0V(3.0V) 0V(0V)

3.0V(3.0V)

BUSY LED ON: 3.0V 0V(0V)

CNTL Unit

1.7V(0V) 0V(1.8V)

3.0V(3.0V)

0.1V(0.1V)

0V(3.0V)

1.5V(2.2V) 0V(0V) 0V(0V) 0V(0V) 0V(0V)

3.0V(0V) 0V(0V) 0V(0V)

3.0V(3.0V)

6.5V(6.5)

7.3V(6.7V)

7.5V(7.1V) 0V(0V)

3.0V (3.0V)

0V(3.0V)

2.4V (1.2V)

2.5V (0V)

0V(0V)

1.2V (0V)

3.0V(0V)

1.2V(1.2V)

1.2V(0V)

1.2V(1.2V)

0V (0V)

1.3V(0V)

0.5V(0V)

3.0V(3.0V)

0.7V(0V)

0V (0V)

2.4V (2.4V)

1.8V(1.8V)

0.3V (0V)

3.0V (0V)

3.0V(0V)

0V(0V)

3.0V(0V)

0V(0V)

3.0V(0V)

0.7V(0V)

3.0V(0V)

7.3V(0V)

7.1V(0V)

2.4V(0V)

0.5V(0V)

0.5V (0V)

0.3V(0V)

6.8V(0V)

0V(0V)

1.2V (1.2V)

1.2V(1.2V)

×× : RX (××) : TX [××] : AM RX {××} : FM-W RX

2.0V(2.0V)

7.3V(0V)

3.0V(0V)

7.3V(0V)

1.3V(0V)

3.0V(0V)

3.0V (0V)

6.5V(0V)

CNTL Unit

Note:

Parts Layout

CNTL Unit

A CB D

2SD1801S (Q1002)

DTC124TE (05) (Q1008)

Side A

CNTL Unit

Parts Layout

HD6473877UX (Q1003)

NJM3403AV (Q1014) M24C64-WMN (Q1009)

a cb d

BA10358FV (Q1015)

BA030LBSG (Q1012)

CPH6102 (AB) (Q1019)

DTA144EE (16) (Q1001)

S-80730SN (DT) (Q1011, 1017)

RH5RH651A (Q1016)

UMW1 (W1) (Q1018)

DTC143ZE (E23) (Q1005)

S-81230SG (QB) (Q1013)

UMD2N (D2) (Q1010)

DTC144EE (26) (Q1007)

2SC4617 (BR) (Q1006) 2SC5374 (NA) (Q1004)

DA221 (K) (D1005, 1009, 1010)

UMP11N (P11) (D1014, 1015)

HN2D01FU (A1) (D1012)

Side B

Circuit Diagram

CNTL Unit (Lot 2 ~)

Note:

Parts Layout

CNTL Unit (Lot 2 ~)

A CB D

2SD1801S (Q1002)

DTC124TE (05) (Q1008)

Side A

CNTL Unit (Lot 2 ~)

Parts Layout

NJM3403AV (Q1014)

M24C64-WMN (Lot. 1~) HD6473877UX (Lot. 1~) HD6433876UB17X (Lot. 2~, USA) HD6433876UB18X (Lot. 2~, EXP)

HD6433876UB18X (Lot. 4~, GER) HD6433876UB25X (Lot. 6~, USA) HD6433876UB23X (Lot. 12~, EXP, GER) (Q1003)

AT24C64N (Lot. 18~)

(Q1009)

BA10358FV (Q1015)

a cb d

S-81230SG (QB) (Q1013)

UMD2N (D2) (Q1010)

DTA144EE (16) (Q1001)

2SC4617 (BR) (Q1006) 2SC5374 (NA) (Q1004)

S-80730SN (DT) (Q1011, 1017)

TC75S51F (SC) (Q1020)

CPH6102 (AB) (Q1019)

DTC144EE (26) (Q1007)

BA030LBSG (Q1012)

RH5RH651A (Q1016)

UMW1 (W1) (Q1018, 1021)

DTC143ZE (E23) (Q1005)

Side B

DA221 (K) (D1005, 1009, 1010)

UMP11N (P11) (D1014, 1015)

HN2D01FU (A1) (D1012)

+ 53 hidden pages

Yaesu VX-5R Service Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Contents

Specifications

General

Transmitter

Receiver

Exploded View & Miscellaneous Parts

Block Diagram

Interconnection Diagram

Circuit Description

Receiver Signal Flow

(1) Triplexer

(2) 145 MHz Band Reception

(3) 435 MHz Band and 222 ~ 540 MHz Reception

(4) 50 MHz Band and 47 ~ 76 MHz Reception

(5) 0.5 ~ 16 MHz Reception

(6) 76 ~ 222 MHz Reception

(7) 540 ~ 800 MHz Reception

(8) 47.25 MHz First Intermediate Frequency

(9) Squelch Control

Transmitter Signal Flow

(1) Modulation

(2) 145 MHz Band Transmission

(3) 145 MHz Band Transmit/Receive Switching

(4) 435 MHz Band Transmission

(5) 435 MHz Band Transmit/Receive Switching

(6) 50 MHz Band Transmission

(7) 50 MHz Band Transmit/Receive Switching

PLL Frequency Synthesizer

Alignment

Introduction

Required Test Equipment

Alignment Preparation & Precautions

Test Setup

PLL Reference Frequency

50 MHz band Tx Deviation Adjustment

144 MHz band Tx Deviation Adjustment

430 MHz band Tx Deviation Adjustment

CTCSS Tx Deviation Adjustment

FM Wide Alignment

Internal System Alignment Routine

50 MHz Band Alignment

144 MHz Band Alignment

UHF band Alignment

CNTL Unit

Side A

Side B

Side A

Side B