Xylem Wastewater User Manual

TECHNICAL MANUAL

TTECHS

Wastewater Technical Manual

FOR GOULDS WATER TECHNOLOGY, BELL & GOSSETT, RED JACKET WATER PRODUCTS AND CENTRIPRO

Wastewater

Index

FRICTION LOSS

Goulds Water Technology, Bell & Gossett,

Red Jacket Water Products, CentriPro

TERMS AND USABLE FORMULAS

Plastic ........................................................................................ 3

Steel .......................................................................................... 4

Fittings ......................................................................................5

PIPE VOLUME AND VELOCITY

Storage of Water in Various Size Pipes .......................................5

Minimum Flow to Maintain 2 Ft./Sec. .........................................5

SEWAGE PUMP

Sizing and Selection ................................................................... 6

ELECTRICAL DATA

Agency Listing / Removing Plug Letters .................................... 10

Transformer Sizes ..................................................................... 10

Three Phase Unbalance ............................................................11

NEMA Panel Enclosures ...........................................................12

DETERMINING FLOW RATES

Full Pipe Flow ..........................................................................13

Pipe Not Running Full ..............................................................13

Discharge Rate in Gallons per Minute ......................................13

Deﬁnitions ............................................................................... 14

Basic Formulas ......................................................................... 14

TYPICAL INSTALLATIONS

Sump ....................................................................................... 16

Efﬂuent and Sewage ................................................................ 17

VARIABLE SPEED DRIVES

Wastewater Pumps ..................................................................18

PANEL LAYOUTS AND WIRING DIAGRAMS

Duplex Single Phase ................................................................20

Duplex Three Phase ................................................................. 22

Simplex Three Phase ................................................................ 24

Simplex Single Phase ............................................................... 25

Switch Diagrams ...................................................................... 27

Sewage Control Panels and Switches .......................................28

PAGE 2

Goulds Water Technology, Bell & Gossett,

Wastewater

Friction Loss

PLASTIC PIPE: FRICTION LOSS (IN FEET OF HEAD) PER 100 FT.

Red Jacket Water Products, CentriPro

GPM GPH

ft. ft. ft. ft. ft. ft. ft. ft. ft. ft. ft. ft. ft.

1 60 4.25 1.38 .356 .11 2 120 15.13 4.83 1.21 .38 .10 3 180 31.97 9.96 2.51 .77 .21 .10 4 240 54.97 17.07 4.21 1.30 .35 .16 5 300 84.41 25.76 6.33 1.92 .51 .24 6 360 36.34 8.83 2.69 .71 .33 .10 8 480 63.71 15.18 4.58 1.19 .55 .17 10 600 97.52 25.98 6.88 1.78 .83 .25 .11 15 900 49.68 14.63 3.75 1.74 .52 .22 20 1,200 86.94 25.07 6.39 2.94 .86 .36 .13 25 1,500 38.41 9.71 4.44 1.29 .54 .19 30 1,800 13.62 6.26 1.81 .75 .26 35 2,100 18.17 8.37 2.42 1.00 .35 .09 40 2,400 23.55 10.70 3.11 1.28 .44 .12 45 2,700 29.44 13.46 3.84 1.54 .55 .15 50 3,000 16.45 4.67 1.93 .66 .17 60 3,600 23.48 6.60 2.71 .93 .25 70 4,200 8.83 3.66 1.24 .33 80 4,800 11.43 4.67 1.58 .41 90 5,400 14.26 5.82 1.98 .52 100 6,000 7.11 2.42 .63 .08 125 7,500 10.83 3.80 .95 .13 150 9,000 5.15 1.33 .18 175 10,500 6.90 1.78 .23 200 12,000 8.90 2.27 .30 250 15,000 3.36 .45 .12 300 18,000 4.85 .63 .17 350 21,000 6.53 .84 .22 400 24,000 1.08 .28 500 30,000 1.66 .42 .14 550 33,000 1.98 .50 .16 600 36,000 2.35 .59 .19 700 42,000 .79 .26 800 48,000 1.02 .33 900 54,000 1.27 .41 950 57,000 .46 1000 60,000 .50

⁄8" ½" ¾" 1" 1¼" 1½" 2" 2½" 3" 4" 6" 8" 10"

PAGE 3

Goulds Water Technology, Bell & Gossett,

Wastewater

Friction Loss

STEEL PIPE: FRICTION LOSS (IN FEET OF HEAD) PER 100 FT.

Red Jacket Water Products, CentriPro

GPM GPH

ft. ft. ft. ft. ft. ft. ft. ft. ft. ft. ft. ft. ft. ft.

1 60 4.30 1.86 .26 2 120 15.00 4.78 1.21 .38 3 180 31.80 10.00 2.50 .77 4 240 54.90 17.10 4.21 1.30 .34 5 300 83.50 25.80 6.32 1.93 .51 .24 6 360 36.50 8.87 2.68 .70 .33 .10 7 420 48.70 11.80 3.56 .93 .44 .13 8 480 62.70 15.00 4.54 1.18 .56 .17 9 540 18.80 5.65 1.46 .69 .21 10 600 23.00 6.86 1.77 .83 .25 .11 .04 12 720 32.60 9.62 2.48 1.16 .34 .15 .05 15 900 49.70 14.70 3.74 1.75 .52 .22 .08 20 1,200 86.10 25.10 6.34 2.94 .87 .36 .13 25 1,500 38.60 9.65 4.48 1.30 .54 .19 30 1,800 54.60 13.60 6.26 1.82 .75 .26 35 2,100 73.40 18.20 8.37 2.42 1.00 .35 40 2,400 95.00 23.50 10.79 3.10 1.28 .44 45 2,700 30.70 13.45 3.85 1.60 .55 70 4,200 68.80 31.30 8.86 3.63 1.22 .35 100 6,000 62.20 17.40 7.11 2.39 .63 150 9,000 38.00 15.40 5.14 1.32 200 12,000 66.30 26.70 8.90 2.27 .736 .30 .08 250 15,000 90.70 42.80 14.10 3.60 1.20 .49 .13 300 18,000 58.50 19.20 4.89 1.58 .64 .16 .0542 350 21,000 79.20 26.90 6.72 2.18 .88 .23 .0719 400 24,000 103.00 33.90 8.47 2.72 1.09 .279 .0917 450 27,000 130.00 42.75 10.65 3.47 1.36 .348 .114 500 30,000 160.00 52.50 13.00 4.16 1.66 .424 .138 550 33,000 193.00 63.20 15.70 4.98 1.99 .507 .164 600 36,000 230.00 74.80 18.60 5.88 2.34 .597 .192 650 39,000 87.50 21.70 6.87 2.73 .694 .224 700 42,000 101.00 25.00 7.93 3.13 .797 .256 750 45,000 116.00 28.60 9.05 3.57 .907 .291 800 48,000 131.00 32.40 10.22 4.03 1.02 .328 850 51,000 148.00 36.50 11.50 4.53 1.147 .368 900 54,000 165.00 40.80 12.90 5.05 1.27 .410 950 57,000 184.00 45.30 14.30 5.60 1.41 .455 1000 60,000 204.00 50.20 15.80 6.17 1.56 .500

⁄8" ½" ¾" 1" 1¼" 1½" 2" 2½" 3" 4" 5" 6" 8" 10"

PAGE 4

Goulds Water Technology, Bell & Gossett,

Red Jacket Water Products, CentriPro

Wastewater

Friction Loss

EQUIVALENT NUMBER OF FEET STRAIGHT PIPE FOR DIFFERENT FITTINGS

Size of ﬁttings, Inches ½" ¾" 1" 1¼" 1½" 2" 2 ½" 3" 4" 5" 6" 8" 10"

90° Ell 1.5 2.0 2.7 3.5 4.3 5.5 6.5 8.0 10.0 14.0 15 20 25 45° Ell 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.7 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.8 5.0 6.3 7.1 9.4 12 Long Sweep Ell 1.0 1.4 1.7 2.3 2.7 3.5 4.2 5.2 7.0 9.0 11.0 14.0 Close Return Bend 3.6 5.0 6.0 8.3 10.0 13.0 15.0 18.0 24.0 31.0 37.0 39.0 Tee-Straight Run 1 2 2 3 3 4 5

Tee-Side Inlet or Outlet or Pitless Adapter

Ball or Globe Valve Open 17.0 22.0 27.0 36.0 43.0 55.0 67.0 82.0 110.0 140.0 160.0 220.0 Angle Valve Open 8.4 12.0 15.0 18.0 22.0 28.0 33.0 42.0 58.0 70.0 83.0 110.0 Gate Valve-Fully Open 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.7 2.3 2.9 3.5 4.5 Check Valve (Swing) 4 5 7 9 11 13 16 20 26 33 39 52 65 In Line Check Valve

(Spring) 4 6 8 12 14 19 23 32 43 58 or Foot Valve

Example:

(A) 100 ft. of 2" plastic pipe with one (1) 90º elbow and one (1) swing check

valve.

90º elbow – equivalent to 5.5 ft. of straight pipe Swing check – equivalent to 13.0 f t. of straight pipe 100 ft. of pipe – equivalent to 100 ft. of straight pipe

118.5 ft. = Total equivalent pipe

Figure friction loss for 118.5 ft. of pipe.

3.3 4.5 5.7 7.6 9.0 12.0 14.0 17.0 22.0 27.0 31.0 40.0

(B) Assume ﬂow to be 80 GPM through 2" plastic pipe.

1. Friction loss table shows 11.43 ft. loss per 100 ft. of pipe.

2. In step (A) above we have determined total ft. of pipe to be 118.5 ft.

3. Convert 118.5 ft. to percentage 118.5 ÷ 100 = 1.185

4. Multiply 11.43 x 1.185

13.54455 or 13.5 ft. = Total friction loss in this system.

PIPE VOLUME AND VELOCITY

Storage of Water in Various Size Pipes

Gallons per Foot Gallons per Foot

11⁄4 .06 6 1.4 11⁄2 .09 8 2.6 2 .16 10 4.07 3 .36 12 5.87 4 .652

Pipe Size

Volume in

Pipe Size

Volume in

Minimum Flow to Maintain 2ft./sec. *Scouring Velocity in Various Pipes

Pipe Size Minimum GPM Pipe Size Minimum GPM

11⁄4 9 6 180 11⁄2 13 8 325 2 21 10 500 3 46 12 700 4 80

* Failure to maintain or exceed this velocity will result in clogged pipes.

Based on schedule 40 nominal pipe.

PAGE 5

Wastewater

Sewage Pump Selection

VENT SEWER LINE TO UPSTAIRS FIXTURES VENT

SHOWER

TOILET WASHER

Goulds Water Technology, Bell & Gossett,

Red Jacket Water Products, CentriPro

HOUSE SEWER LINE TO STREET

2" PLASTIC PIPE AND FITTINGS

12' DRAIN PIPE

RESIDENTIAL SUBMERSIBLE EJECTOR SYSTEM

The primary function for which the Submersible Sewage Pump is designed is the handling of sewage and other ﬂuids containing unscreened nonabrasive solids and wastes. In order to insure a maximum of efﬁciency and dependable performance, careful selection of pump size is necessary. Required pump capacity will depend upon the number and type of ﬁxtures discharging into the sump basin, plus the type of facility served. The fundamentals involved in selecting a pump for a Water System can be applied to selecting a Submersible Sewage Pump. By answering the three (3) questions concerning capacity, suction, and discharge conditions we will know what is required of the pump and be able to select the right pump from the catalog.

1. To simplify the selection of the proper size Submersible Sew-

age Pump, the general rule is to base the pump capacity on the number of toilets the pump will be serving. This differs from the selection of the proper pump for a Water System in that question 1, “Water Needed” is reversed. How much liquid do we want to dispose of rather than how much do we need? The following chart will help determine pump capacity:

Sewage Selection Table for Residential or Commercial Systems

Number of Bathrooms GPM

1 20 2 30

The above selection table takes into consideration other ﬁxtures which will drain only water into the sewage basin.

Therefore, pump capacity should not be increased for lavatories, bathtubs, showers, dishwashers, or washing machines. When no toilets are involved in the facility served, for example, a laundromat, the major ﬁxture discharging waste should be considered. In this case, the chart should read “Maximum Number of Washing Machines.”

In areas where drain tile from surrounding lawns or ﬁelds enters the sump, groundwater seepage can be determined as follows:

14 GPM for 1,000 sq. ft. of sandy soil 8 GPM for 1,000 sq. ft. of clay soil

If the calculated groundwater seepage is less than one-fourth of the pump capacity required based on the number of toilets, the pump capacity should not be increased. Any seepage over the allowed one-fourth should be added to the required pump capacity.

2. Since the pump is submerged in the liquid to be pumped,

there is no suction lift. Question 2 does NOT become a factor in pump selection.

3. Answering Question 3, discharge conditions is the ﬁnal step

in selecting a Submersible Sewage Pump. Only the vertical distance between the pump and the highest point in the discharge piping, plus friction losses in discharge pipe and ﬁttings affect discharge pressure. (Friction losses can be obtained from the friction table in this Selection Manual.)

Normally service pressure is not a consideration. The total of the vertical distance, plus the friction losses is the required discharge head in feet.

PAGE 6

Goulds Water Technology, Bell & Gossett,

Red Jacket Water Products, CentriPro

Wastewater

Wastewater Pumps Sizing and Selection

WHAT DO YOU NEED TO KNOW TO SELECT A SEWAGE PUMP?

1. Size solids to be handled.

• Efuent (liquid only) – <1"

• Residential – 1½" or larger

• Commercial/Industrial – 2½" or

larger

2. Capacity required.

• 1 bath – 20 GPM

• 2-3 baths – 30 GPM

• 4-5 baths – 45 GPM

3. Pump/Motor Run Time

Units up to 1½ HP should run a

minimum of 1 minute. Two (2) HP and larger units should run a minimum of 2 minutes.

4. Formula for Total Dynamic Head:

Vertical elevation + friction loss (pipe + ﬁttings) + Pressure Requirements (x 2.31')

Total head in feet

Note: Wastewater pumps are designed to pump efﬂuent with some suspended solids, not solids with some efﬂuent.

5. Must maintain minimum velocity of 2

ft./second (see index).

6. Must turn storage in the discharge pipe a minimum of one time per cycle. (See index).

ACCESS COVER VENT

TO ELECTRICAL CONTROLS OR OUTLET

7. Are receiver basin and cover required?

8. What is the power available?

• Phase – 1Ø or 3Ø

• Voltage – 115, 200, 230, 460 or

575 V

• Hertz – 50 or 60 Hz

9. What pipe size will be used?

10. Simplex or Duplex System?

(Duplex when service cannot be interrupted)

Note: State and local codes take preference.

SWING CHECK VALVE

SHUT-OFF VALVE

INLET

RECEIVER BASIN

SUBMERSIBLE WASTEWATER PUMP

DISCHARGE

FLOAT SWITCH

PAGE 7

Wastewater

Flow Rate Calculation

Goulds Water Technology, Bell & Gossett,

Red Jacket Water Products, CentriPro

Residential Sizing

BATHROOM COUNT

Number of Bathrooms Flow Rate per Minute

2 30 3 40 4 50 5 60 6 70

FIXTURE COUNT V = Value style ﬁxture T = Tank Style Fixture

Fixture Type Count

Toilet V 6 Toilet T 3 Lav Sink V or T 1 Tub V or T 2 Shower V or T 2 Full Body Shower Add Flow rate: 9 to 65 Gallons per minute to total Kitchen Sink V or T 2 Dishwasher V or T 4 Wash Machine V or T 8 Bidet V or T 3 Icemaker V or T 3 Hose Bib V or T 4

Fixture Quantity Count Total Count

Toilets 3 3 9 Tub and Shower 2 4 8 Full body shower 15 Lav Sink 1 3 Kitchen Sink 1 2 2 Dishwasher 1 4 4 Icemaker 1 3 3 Wash Machine 1 8 8 Hose Bib 1 4 4 Total 56

1 20

Commercial Sizing

OCCUPANT SIZING

2000 1500 1000

800 600 400 200 160 120 100

80 60 40 30

20 10

Number of Homes, Trailers, People, etc.

FIXTURE COUNT

Fixture Type Count

Toilet V 10 Toilet T 5 Pedestal Urinal V or T 10 Stall Urinal V or T 5 Lav Sink V or T 3 Kitchen Sink V or T 4 Tub V or T 4 Shower V or T 4 Dishwasher V or T 4 Icemaker V or T 3 Commercial Wash. Machine V or T 6 Hose Bib - Commercial V or T 6 Full Body Shower

Fixture Quantity Count Total Count

Toilet 50 10 500 Lav Sink 50 3 150 Shower 50 4 200 Full body shower 50 15 750 Dishwasher 50 4 200 Icemaker 50 3 150 Wash Machine 10 6 60 Dishwasher 10 4 40 Hose bib 2 6 12 Total 2062

Sewage Selection Chart for Larger Capacity Systems

Office/People

Factory/Employees

School/Students

(B)

(A)

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

Gallons per Minute

Trailer Park/Trailers

Apartments

Motel/Rooms

Homes in Subdivision

Add Flow rate 9 to 65 Gallons per minute to total

PLUMBING WATER SYSTEMS

100

Fixture Units

PAGE 8

Demand GPM

020406080 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240

“Hunter” Estimate Curves for Demand Load

1 – Flush Valve Curve 2 – Flush Tank Curve

1 – For system predominantly for flush valves

2 – For system predominantly for flush tanks

PLUMBING WATER SYSTEMS

500

400

300

200

180

Demand GPM

100

500 1000

1 – For system predominantly for flush valves

2 – For system predominantly for flush tanks

800

Fixture Units

“Hunter” Estimate Curves for Demand Load

1500 2000 2500 3500

Wastewater

Flow Calculation Example

Goulds Water Technology, Bell & Gossett,

Red Jacket Water Products, CentriPro

To Calculate Flow with Fixture Counts

Take total number of each style ﬁxture X Count for that ﬁxture. Add all ﬁxture total counts. Add Full Body shower ﬂow rate to total.

Use “Hunter” estimate curves for Demand Load for appropriate style ﬁxtures. (Valve style ﬁxtures are predominant in Commercial buildings; Tank style ﬁxtures are predominant in Residential).

COMMERCIAL BUILDING EXAMPLE:

Valve Style Fixtures

25 Toilets 25 Lav sinks 25 Tubs 6 Kitchen Sinks 2 Commercial Washing Machines 1 Dishwasher

Count Calculation

25 Toilets X 10 Count = 250 25 Lav Sinks X 3 Count = 75 25 Tubs X 4 Count = 100 6 Kitchen Sinks X 4 Count = 24 2 Commercial X 6 Count = 12 1 Dishwasher X 4 Count = 4

Total 465 Count

Plumbing Water Systems

500

400

300

200

Demand GPM

120

100

465

500 1000

“Hunter” Estimate Curves for Demand Load

1 – For system predominantly for flush valves

2 – For system predominantly for flush tanks

1500 2000 2500 3500

Fixture Units

Head Calculation

Example: Fig. 1. A two-bathroom home is situated such that the city sewer main is located above the basement drain facilities. Groundwater seepage through drain tile into the sump is estimated at 6 GPM. The vertical distance from the pump to the highest point in the discharge piping is 12 feet.

A pump capable of pumping 30 GPM is required (seepage is less than one-fourth of the pump capacity so it is automatically included). The discharge head must be 12 feet, plus any friction loss in the approximately 15 feet of pipe, 3-90º elbows, 3-45º elbows, and check valve. Assume plastic pipe is used.

1. RATE OF FLOW = 30 GPM Two (2) toilets, includes seepage up to one-fourth of selected

7.5 GPM allowable so no correction is necessary.

2. SUCTION CONDITIONS – Flooded Suction

3. DISCHARGE CONDITIONS Vertical Differential 12.0' Friction losses @ 30 GPM 15' of 2" pipe (1.8' per 100' of pipe) = .2' F.L. 3-2", 90º elbows = 16.5 equivalent feet 3-2", 45º elbows = 7.5 equivalent feet 1-check valve = 19.0 equivalent feet Total = 43.0 equivalent feet = .6' F.L.

Total Discharge Head = ___________________ 12.8' Referring to the catalog, we ﬁnd that a 1/3 HP Sewage Pump

should be adequate for the job.

____

pump capacity. 6 GPM is less than the

Example: The same conditions as in the previous example exist, except the house is located on a large tract of sandy soil where the groundwater seepage is estimated @ 20 GPM.

1. RATE OF FLOW = 30 GPM Two (2) toilets, includes seepage up to one-fourth of selected pump capacity – 7.5 GPM.

The additional 12.5 GPM (20-7.5) must be added to the required pump capacity – 12.5 GPM

Total = 42.5 GPM

2. SUCTION CONDITIONS ____________Flooded Suction

3. DISCHARGE CONDITIONS Vertical Differential – 12.0' Friction losses @ 42.5 GPM 15' of 2" pipe (3.5' per 100' of pipe) = .5' F.L. 3-2", 90º elbows = 16.5 equivalent feet 3-2", 45º elbows = 7.5 equivalent feet 1-check valve = 19.0 equivalent feet Total = 43.0 equivalent feet or 1.5' F.L.

Total Discharge Head = 14.0' Referring again to the catalog, we ﬁnd that a 1/3 HP

Sewage Pump should be adequate for this installation.

PAGE 9

Wastewater

Basin Sizing

CALCULATING BASIN SIZE

Goulds Water Technology, Bell & Gossett,

Red Jacket Water Products, CentriPro

CHART A

1. Choosing Diameter

A minimum of 24" is required for simplex. Duplex stations normally start at 36", but require much larger for larger diameter discharge pumps.

For example: A pump that ﬂows 100 GPM, requires a 2-minute run time. A duplex station with a diameter of 36" holds

4.4 gallons (see Chart A) per inch.

50 GPM x 2 minutes = 100 gallons

100 gallons / 4.4 gallons per inch 22.72" for pump down.

22.72" would be used for (E).

2. Sizing Depth

Inlet and Float Location Basin Sizing Method

1. Top of basin to bottom of the inlet (A) + in.

2. Inlet to "Alarm" ﬂoat (B) + in.

3. "Alarm" to "Lag" ﬂoat (C) + in.

4. "Lag" to "On" ﬂoat (D) + in.

5. Pump down (E) + 17.86 in.

(Note A)

6. Floor of basin to top of pump case + 19.0 in.

(Note B)

Note A = Minimum suggested basin diameter for duplex conﬁguration is 36".

Volume by inch of basin divided by 2 x's pumping rate.

Note B = Most pumps are approximately 19" tall. Pump should remain covered

during pumping.

Finished Floor

Basin

19”

Dimensions Volumes

Diameter Depth

Total Gallons

Gallons Per Inch

36 65 1.81

48 84 1.75

72 118 1.64

84 165 1.96

96 188 1.96

36 110 3.00

48 137 2.85

72 199 2.76

84 257 3.05

96 294 3.06

36 159 4.41

48 200 4.17

72 291 4.04

84 370 4.40

96 423 4.40

48 274 5.71

60 339 5.65

42 72 402 5.58

84 504 6.00

96 576 6.00

48 361 7.52

60 446 7.43

48 72 529 7.34

84 658 7.83

96 752 7.83

78 955 12.24

60 84 1028 12.23

96 1175 12.23

78 1375 17.62

72 84 1481 17.63

96 1692 17.63

60 102 1.70

60 169 2.82

60 246 4.10

PAGE 10

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