Volvo DL 1984, GL 1984, TURBO 1984 Owner Manual
1984 Volvo DL, GL and Turbo
1 9 8 4
VOLVO
DL, GL and Turbo
Notice to Owner
Your Volvo is designed to meet all applicable safety and emission standards. Evidence of this can be
verified from the certification labels attached to the door opening sheet metal and on the left wheel
housing in the engine compartment. For further information regarding these regulations, please contact
your dealer.
Notice:
All information, illustrations and specifications contained in this manual are based on the latest product
information available at the time of publication. Volvo reserves the right to make model changes at any
time, or to change specifications or design, without notice and without incurring obligation.
Contents
(Index see page
95)
DESCRIPTION Page
General Information 2
Keys 3
Instruments and controls 4
Instruments 6
Warning lights 7
Ignition switch, turn signals 8
Lighting 9
Windshield wipers, washer nozzles 10
Washer fluid reservoir 11
Rear window demister, hazard warning flasher 12
Parking brake, choke 13
Clock, boost pressure gauge, ambient temperature
gauge
14
Oil pressure gauge, voltmeter 15
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Cigarette lighter, ash trays 16
Electrically operated windows 17
Heating and ventilation 18
Air conditioning 20
Radios, AM-FM-FM stereo/tape players 21
Front seats 22
Seat belts 24
Doors and locks 26
Rear doors, trunk lid, vent windows 27
Long load storage, hood 28
Rear/side view mirrors 29
Interior light, sun roof, fuel tank cap 30
Rear seat, wagon 31
Tailgate, wagon 32
Cargo compartment, wagon 33
STARTING AND DRIVING
Service inspection 34
Break in period 34
Driving economy 35
Starting the engine 36
Gear shift positions 37
Automatic transmission 38
Emergency towing 40
Towing information 41
Trailer hauling 42
Automatic transmission, brake system 43
Catalytic converter 44
MAINTENANCE SERVICE
Maintenance services 45
Servicing 46
Engine B23F, B21A, B21FT 48
Gas station checks 50
Engine oil 51
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Cooling system 53
Servicing 54
Carburetor 57
Transmission oil 60
Rear axle, power steering, brake fluid 62
Lubrication 63
Coolant 64
Alternator, jump starting 65
Replacing bulbs 66
Fuses 71
Wheels and tires 72
Wheel changing 74
Replacing wiper blades 76
Washing, cleaning 76
Cleaning, anti-rust treatment 77
Paint touch up 78
Long distance trips, cold weather 81
Service diagnosis 82
Specifications 88
Volvo service manuals 94
Index 95
pg. 2 General Information
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Do not export your Volvo to another country before investigating that country's applicable safety
and exhaust emission requirements. In some cases it may be difficult or impossible to comply with
these requirements.
pg. 3 Keys
Write the key number codes on the insides of the front cover of this manual as well as your pocket diary.
These number codes are stamped on a separate tag supplied with the keys. This tag should be separated
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from the key ring and kept in a safe place.
The double-sided tape on the back of the tag can be used to secure it safely.
In the event the original keys are lost, duplicates may be ordered from your Volvo dealer.
Top of Page
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1 9 8 4
VOLVO
DL, GL and Turbo
pg. 4 Instruments and controls
pg. 5 Instruments and controls
See page
1 Air louver
19
2 Instruments lights
9
3 Headlights, parking lights
9
4 Turn signals
8
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5 Instruments
6
6 Ignition switch/steering wheel lock
8
7 Wiper/washer, tailgate window wiper/ washer (wagon)
10
8 Clock
14
9 Storage compartment (boost pressure gauge turbo engined cars
only)
14
10 Air louver
19
11 Choke (only carburetor engine)
13
12 Fuse box
71
13 Hood release handle
28
14 Horn -
15 Cigarette lighter
16
16 Rear window demister
12
17 Hazard warning flashers
12
18 Air conditioning
20
19 Seat belt reminder light
24
20 Fresh air louver
19
21 Heating and ventilation
18
22 Ash tray
16
23 Parking brake
13
24 Control for electrically operated side mirrors
29
25 Electrically operated windows
17
The pages in this section provide a detailed description of the vehicle's instruments and controls.
Note that vehicles may be equipped differently, depending on special legal requirements, etc.
pg. 6 Instruments
A Clock/Tachometer (certain models)
Reads thousands of engine rpm.
Black range for momentary use, during acceleration.
Engine should not be operated in red range.
B Direction indicator (green)
C Speedometer
In kilometers and miles
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D Odometer
Total mileage reading.
E Temperature gauge
The gauge pointer should remain inside the black range during normal operation.
If the pointer enters the red range, repeatedly, check coolant level and fan belt tension. (See sections
titled "Cooling system and coolant")
WARNING!
Allow engine to cool before adding
fluid.
F Fuel gauge
The fuel tank capacity is approx. 60 liters = 15.8 US gals.
G Reminder light, Lambda-sond
TM*
(oxygen sensor system) service
H Choke reminder light (yellow)
Lights when choke is used. (Certain Canadian models only)
Boost pressure warning light (red) (turbo engine models)
I Alternator warning light (red)
J Oil pressure warning light (red)
K Overdrive indicator light (green)
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Lights when overdrive is engaged.
L Trip odometer reset knob
Push in to reset
M Trip odometer
N High beam indicator (blue)
O Parking brake reminder light (red)
P Brake failure warning light (red)
Q Bulb failure warning light (yellow)
R Overdrive OFF indicator light (green)
(Certain automatic transmission models only)
*Lambda-sond TM is a trademark of Volvo of America Corporation.
pg. 7 Warning lights
The warning lights described on this page should never be on
when driving
When the ignition key is turned on, and before the engine starts, all of the warning lights should be on to
test the function of the bulbs. Should a light not go off after the engine has started, the system indicated
should be inspected. (However, the parking brake reminder light will not go off until the parking brake
is fully released.)
G Lambda-sondTM (oxygen sensor system) service reminder light (red)
As required by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency this light will come on at 30,000 mile (50,000
km) intervals. It is a reminder to have the oxygen sensor system serviced. The light will stay on until
reset by servicing dealer.
H Boost pressure warning light (turbo engine models)
If the light goes on when driving, the boost pressure is too high. Drive the car to a repair shop for
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inspection, using care not to accelerate rapidly or drive at very high speed.
I Alternator warning light (red)
If the light comes on while the engine is running, check the tension of the alternator drive belt as soon as
possible. (See section titled "Cooling system".)
NOTE: This warning light is illuminated if the alternator is not charging. However, alternator, parking
brake, brake failure, Lambda-sond
TM
and bulb failure will be illuminated at the same time due to
the design of the system.
J Oil pressure warning light (red)
If the light comes on during driving, the oil pressure is too low. Stop the engine immediately and check
the engine oil level. See section titled "Engine Oil".
After hard driving, the light will come on occasionally when the engine is idling. This is normal,
provided it goes off when the engine speed is increased.
O Parking brake reminder light (red)
This light will be on when the parking brake (hand brake) is applied. The parking brake lever is situated
between the front seats.
P Brake failure warning light (red)
If the light comes on while driving and the brake pedal can be depressed further than normal, it is an
indication that one of the brake circuits is not functioning. Proceed cautiously to a Volvo dealer for an
inspection of the brake system.
Q Bulb failure warning light (yellow)
The light will come on if any of the following bulbs are defective:
one of the lower beams
one of the tail lights
one of the brake lights (when the brake pedal is depressed).
See section on "Replacing Bulbs".
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pg. 8 Starting (ignition) switch, Turn signals
Starting (ignition) switch/steering wheel lock
The steering wheel lock might be under tension when the car is parked. Turn the steering wheel slightly
to free the ignition key.
A chime will sound if the starting key is in the ignition lock and the front door on the driver's side is
open. The chime will also sound if the headlights or parking lights are on when the door is open.
The chime goes off when the front door is closed.
Turn signals
1 Signal lever engaged for normal turns.
Defective turn signal bulb will cause turn signal indicator and remaining signal lights to flash more
rapidly.
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2 Lane change position. In maneuvers such as lane changing, the driver can flash the turn signals by
moving the turn signal lever to the first stop and holding it there. The lever will return to the neutral
position when released.
3 High and low beam switching (headlights on).
Move the lever towards the steering wheel and release it.
3 Headlight flasher (headlights off).
Move the lever towards the steering wheel. The headlight high beam will be on until the lever is
released.
pg. 9 Lighting
Headlights and position lights
All lights off
Parking lights on
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Headlights and parking lights on
Switch from upper to lower beams, and vice versa, by moving the turn signal switch lever on the left
side of the steering column towards the steering wheel. The lights can be used without switching on the
starting (ignition) key.
A chime will sound if the headlights or parking lights are on and the front door on the driver's side is
open. The chime will also sound if the starting (ignition) key is in the switch lock when the door is open.
The chime goes off when the front door is closed.
Instrument panel lamps rheostat
Clockwise - brighter
Counterclockwise - dimmer.
pg. 10 Windshield wipers, tailgate window wiper, washer nozzles
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Wiper/washer
1 Intermittent wiper.
With switch in this position, the wipers will make a stroke every seventh second.
2 "Single stroke" position.
Switch returns automatically when released.
3 Wipers, low speed.
4 Wipers, high speed.
5 Windshield wiper/washer.
The wiper will make 2-3 complete stroking cycles after the lever is released.
Tailgate window wiper/washer, wagon
Operated by the switch at the end of the windshield wiper/washer operating lever.
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1 Tailgate wiper
2 Interval position (optional - certain models)
With the switch in this position, there is one stroking cycle approx. every fifteen seconds.
3 Tailgate washer
Depress the button to start the-wiper/washer. The wiper will complete 2-3 stroking cycles after the
button is released.
Adjusting washer nozzles
The fluid spray may be adjusted by carefully inserting a needle into the metal nozzle and rotating nozzle
to desired position.
4-8" = 10-20 cm.
12" = 30 cm.
pg. 11 Washer fluid reservoir
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Washer fluid reservoir
The washer fluid reservoir for the windshield and tailgate washer (wagon) is located in the engine
compartment and holds approx. 1.6 US gals = 6.0 liters.
During wintertime, the reservoir should be filled with anti-freeze specified in section titled "Cold
weather".
pg. 12 Rear window demister, Hazard warning flasher
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Rear window demister
To operate depress the switch. The indicator lamp in the switch will come on. The system will
automatically be switched off after 10-15 minutes or when the starting (ignition) key is switched off.
Do not place items against the inner surface of the rear window that may damage the printed circuit. Do
not scrape the inner surface of the rear window glass with a hard object or use an abrasive window
cleaner, otherwise damage to the printed circuit will occur.
Hazard warning flasher
Four way flashing is used to indicate that the vehicle has become a traffic hazard (either during daylight
or at night).
Note: Regulations regarding the use of the hazard warning flasher may vary from state to state.
pg. 13 Parking brake, choke
Parking brake (hand brake)
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The lever is situated between the front seats. The brake is applied to the rear wheels.
The reminder light PARKING BRAKE on the instrument panel comes on whenever the parking brake
lever is not fully released and the ignition is on.
Always use the parking brake (hand brake) when parking, to maintain the best possible function.
For winter use, see section titled "Cold Weather".
In order to obtain the best possible performance of the parking brake, the brake linings should be broken
in. (See section titled "Break-in period").
Choke (only in cars with carburetor engines for Canada)
Pull the choke out fully or 2/3 before starting a cold engine.
Pulling the choke out less than one inch (approx.) regulates idling without affecting choke.
Choke light on the instrument panel goes on when the choke is pulled out.
Use the choke as briefly as possible!
Also see section titled "Starting the engine".
pg. 14 Clock, Boost pressure gauge, ambient temperature gauge
Quartz crystal clock
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To reset the hands, push in the reset knob and turn.
Note: A slight ticking sound emitted by the clock is considered normal.
Boost pressure gauge
(turbo engine cars only)
The boost pressure gauge is divided into three sections.
Black section: The engine acts as a normally aspirated engine. This is the most economical range.
Yellow section. The turbo is engaged.
Red section. The pressure in the intake manifold is too high. Drive the car carefully to a Volvo dealer
for inspection.
The warning light for boost pressure goes on if the gauge pointer moves into the red section.
Ambient temp. gauge (Canada)
(accessory in U.S.A. models)
Electronic gauge which shows ambient temperature just above the road surface. Warns you of icy road
conditions.
pg. 15 Oil pressure gauge, voltmeter
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Oil pressure gauge
(certain models)
The oil pressure gauge indicates the pressure of the oil in the lubricating system of the engine. The
pressure is dependent on the speed of the engine, the oil temperature and the viscosity of the oil.
The gauge pointer must not go down to the red field while driving.
Note: However, it may happen while idling with a hot engine that the pointer does go into the red field.
This is not unusual providing the pointer rises to the normal driving range again when you increase the
engine speed.
Voltmeter
(certain models)
The voltmeter indicates the voltage in the electrical system and thereby also the state of the battery.
While the car is being driven the pointer should be within the black field.
Should the pointer point to the upper or lower red field when driving, this may indicate some fault in the
electrical system.
pg. 16 Cigarette lighter, ash tray
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Cigarette lighter
To operate, depress the knob fully. When the knob automatically releases, the cigarette lighter is ready
for use.
The starting (ignition) switch must be ON for the cigarette lighter to function.
Ash trays
To remove the ash trays depress the center spring and remove.
pg. 17 Electrically operated windows
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Electrically operated windows (standard on certain models)
The electrically operated windows are controlled by switches set in the door arm rests. All the windows
can be controlled from the driver's arm rest as shown in the above illustration.
The starting (ignition) switch must be ON for the electrically operated windows to function. The
window is lowered if the rear part of the switch is pressed and raised if the front part of the switch is
pressed.
Cut-out switch for rear-door electrically operated windows
If the car is equipped with rear door power windows, this function can be disabled by a switch located
on the driver's door armrest.
This switch is positioned 90° in relation to the other switches.
ON - The rear door windows can be raised or lowered with the respective door switch as well as the
switch on the driver's door.
OFF - The rear door windows cannot be raised or lowered with the respective door switch but instead
only with the corresponding switch on the driver's door.
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pg. 18 Heating and ventilation
Heating system
1 TEMP
Left = cool
Right = warm
2 FLOOR
Out = no air to floor
In = full flow of air to front and rear floor
3 DEF (Defrost)
Out = low volume air flow to defroster
In = full flow
4 REC (recirculation)
To be used only on cars equipped with air conditioning.
Do not use for heating.
Out = full flow of outside air
In = air is recirculated for faster cooling
5 FAN (Blower motor)
Has 4 speeds and is shut completely off when the knob is turned to the left.
6 Air louvers (dash)
The air flow through the louvers is decreased when the FLOOR (2) and/or DEF(3) controls are
depressed.
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7 Fresh air louvers (floor)
Lever placed forward = louver opens
Lever placed rearward = louver closes
pg. 19 Heating and ventilation
How to . . .
. . . obtain max. heat
1 TEMP >>> WARM
2 FLOOR depressed
5 FAN >>> 3(or 4)
6 All dash louvers halfway open and floor air louver closed.
. . . remove condensation
1 TEMP >>>WARM
3 DEF depressed
5 FAN >>> 3 (or 4)
6 All louvers closed as well as the floor fresh air louver.
Always keep front external inlet grille (in front of the windshield) clear of obstructions (snow, ice, etc.).
Maximum defroster action
For maximum defroster capacity at very low ambient temperatures, use the recirculation control (button
depressed).
If not using air conditioning, the recirculation feature should not be used in humid climates and at
temperatures about +23°F (-5°C).
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Air louvers - dash
A Closed
B Open
C Directing air flow horizontally
D Directing air flow vertically
Fresh air louver (floor)
There is a floor directed fresh air louver on the driver and passenger sides of the vehicle (driver's side
only on some models). Airflow is controlled by the lever at the center of the louver.
Lever placed forward = louver opens
Lever placed rearward = louver closes
Maximum airflow is obtained with louver fully open and the fan (blower motor) shut completely off.
(The fan forces the air through the dash louvers.)
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Contents | Top of Page
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pg. 20 Air conditioning
Air conditioning (standard on certain models)
How to use the air conditioner:
1 FAN
Position 4 for rapid cooling.
2 AIR COND
Start the air conditioning compressor by turning the control knob clockwise toward MAX.
For rapid cooling, position the knob into the orange range beyond MAX. After desired temperature is
reached re-position the control knob into the blue range.
At cruising speeds, the knob should be kept within the blue range. If it remains in the orange range,
icing may occur resulting in decreased cooling capacity.
3 REC (Recirculation)
Push in for rapid cooling and during high humidity conditions.
4 TEMP
When using the air conditioner for cooling, the TEMP control should be set to COOL position, fully left.
Use the AIR COND control to regulate the temperature.
To obtain rapid cooling, all windows must be closed and buttons FLOOR and DEF out. Close the floor
fresh air louvers.
Cool air will then be discharged through the four dash outlets which should be fully open.
Note: For rapid removal of condensation from inside glass surfaces, the air conditioner can be switched
on even when not required for interior cooling. The air conditioner will dehumidify the air inside the
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vehicle.
Have your Volvo dealer check the system for correct operation yearly. The air conditioning system
should be operated periodically during the winter season.
pg. 21 Radios, AM-FM-FM stereo/Tape players
Operating instructions
This optional equipment is available from Volvo Accessories in several different models, each with its
own special features. Operating instructions are contained in the manuals associated with each model.
These manuals are placed in the cars when the equipment is installed by the Dealer.
Your Volvo Dealer will be able to assist you with any questions regarding the operation of this
equipment.
Radio antenna mast
Note: Always lower the antenna mast when entering automatic car wash.
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pg. 22 Front seats
Driver seat height
There are two levers, each with three positions, for adjusting the height of the seat (front and/or back of
cushion).
This allows adjustment of the seat cushion angle for added comfort.
After adjusting the seat check that it is securely latched.
Note! Do not attempt to adjust seat height while seated.
Electrically heated seat
(standard on certain models)
The driver's seat is electrically heated and thermostatically controlled. Automatic engagement begins at
50°F (+10°C) and ends at approx. 86°F (+30°C).
Horizontal seat adjustment
Pull control upward, then slide seat forward or rearward to desired position.
Make sure that the seat is properly secured when you release the control.
Note: For your safety, never adjust seat while driving.
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Seat back release, 2-door models
Press the button and fold seat back forward to allow passengers access to/from the rear seats.
Seat back inclination
Rotate control clockwise to tilt seat back rearward.
Rotate counterclockwise to tilt seat back forward.
Note that body weight must be shifted to allow seat back to move forward or rearward.
pg. 23 Passenger seat, Child safety
Passenger seat height
The front passenger seat is retained by four brackets, each with three positions. The positions are the
same as for the driver's seat. However, this adjustment must be accomplished manually, using
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