Volvo D7, D12 Service Manual
Operator's Manual
Maintenance and Engine
VHD
Foreword
This manual contains information concerning the safe operation of your
vehicle. It is extremely important that this information is read and understood before the vehicle is operated. This manual also contains a
considerable amount of information concerning the vehicle, such as vehicle identification, Preventive Maintenance recommendations and a log
for your service records. Please keep this in the vehicle at all times. Information from other component manufacturers is supplied in separate
manuals in the Owner’s Package.
NOTE! It is important that this manual stays with the vehicle when it
is sold. Important safety information must be passed on to the new customer. The service information contained in this manual gives the
owner important information about maintaining the vehicle but is not
intended as a substitute for the Preventive Maintenance Service Manual
and must not be regarded as such.
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and
Volvo Trucks North America, Inc. should be informed immediately if
you believe that the vehicle has a defect that could cause a crash, injury or death.
Contact NHTSA by calling the Auto Safety Hotline at 1 (800) 424–
9393 (or 366–0123 in the Washington, DC area) or by writing to:
NHTSA, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, DC 20590.
Volvo Trucks North America, Inc.
Greensboro, NC USA
Order number: PV776-TSP20 154789
© 2001 Volvo Trucks North America, Inc., Greensboro, NC USA
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,
stored in retrieval system, or transmitted in any forms by any means,
electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without
the prior written permission of Volvo Trucks North America, Inc..
Contents
General Information ............................. 1
Information For the Owner ................... 1
Safety Information ................................. 3
Proper Maintenance Procedure ............. 3
Injury Prevention ................................... 6
Engine Damage Prevention ................. 15
Electric System Damage Prevention .. 17
Reporting Safety Defects .................... 19
General Engine Design Information .20
Engine Overview D7 ........................... 20
Engine Overview, D12 ........................ 22
Typical Engine Compartment
Overview ............................................. 24
Engine Features ................................... 26
VECTRO II Parameter Values, D7 .... 27
VECTRO II Parameter Values, D12 .. 28
Engine Variants, D7 ............................ 29
Engine Variants, D12 .......................... 30
Engine Data ......................................... 31
Engine Storage ..................................... 32
Engine Storage .................................... 32
Cooling System ..................................... 34
General Coolant Information .............. 34
Water Specification ............................. 40
Additives .............................................. 41
Antifreeze ............................................ 42
Fuel System .......................................... 50
Fuel Safety Reminders ........................ 50
Diesel Fuel Specification .................... 51
Fuel Additives ..................................... 55
Alternative Fuels ................................. 58
Oil System ............................................. 59
Oil Sampling ....................................... 70
Severe Service Schedule for
VHD-Series ........................................... 74
General and Check-Chart ................... 74
Maintenance Categories ...................... 78
Heavy-Duty Service Schedule for
VHD-Series ........................................... 84
General and Check-Chart ................... 84
Maintenance Categories ...................... 89
Maintenance ......................................... 95
Engine Maintenance ............................ 95
Flushing Cooling System, D7 .......... 121
Flushing Cooling System, D12 ........ 124
Turbo and Charge Air Cooler ........... 126
Replacing Fuel Filters ....................... 128
Fuel System Service ......................... 129
Transmission and Rear Axle Main-
tenance ............................................... 139
Steering and Brakes Maintenance .... 143
Electrical System Maintenance ......... 149
Tires, Wheels and Hub Maintenance 151
Chassis Maintenance ......................... 155
Cab Maintenance ............................... 157
Lubrication, VHD ............................. 162
Viscosity and Capacity Tables .......... 166
Literature ............................................ 172
Service Assistance and Manuals ...... 172
Service Charts .................................... 174
Scheduled Services ........................... 174
Repair Record ................................... 177
Tire Record ........................................ 183
Fuel and Oil Record ......................... 194
Engine Oil ........................................... 59
Index .................................................... 207
Warning Label Information
IMPORTANT
Before driving this vehicle, be certain that you have read and that
you fully understand each and every step of the driving and handling information in this Operator’s Manual. Be certain that you
fully understand and follow all safety warnings.
IT IS IMPORTANT THAT THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION CONCERNING
LABELS IS READ, UNDERSTOOD AND
ALWAYS FOLLOWED.
The following types of labels are used
throughout this manual:
NOTE! A note defines an operating procedure, practice, condition, etc., which is
essential to the proper operation of the vehicle.
CAUTION
A caution label directs the operator’s
attention to unsafe practices where personal injury is not likely but property
damage could occur. The caution label is
in black type on a white background
with a black border.
WARNING
A warning label directs the operator’s
attention to unsafe practices which could
result in personal injury or severe damage to the vehicle. The warning label is
in black type on a gray background
with a black border.
A danger label directs the operator’s attention to unsafe practices which could
result in serious personal injury or death.
The caution label is in white type on a
black background with a black border.
Information For the Owner
General Information 1
If there are questions on the maintenance
and performance of your vehicle, please
discuss them with your Volvo Truck dealer.
Your authorized dealer is required to have
trained mechanics, special tools and spare
parts to fully service your vehicle. If necessary, your dealer will contact Volvo Trucks
North America or other manufacturer for
any assistance.
In addition to this Maintenance Manual,
there may be additional instruction/operator’s manuals supplied by
component manufacturers. These manuals
are placed in the Owner’s Package and
placed in the cab. Be sure to read all the
manuals thoroughly before operating the
vehicle.
Also, various safety labels may be placed
on components by the component manufacturer. Be sure to read and follow these
labels to prevent damage to the vehicle,
personal injury or even death.
Establish a Preventive Maintenance Program with the help of your local Volvo
Truck dealer. A Preventive Maintenance
Program makes it possible to maximize the
amount of time your vehicle is up and running, resulting in longer component life.
This makes for a safer vehicle by reducing
any mechanical failures due to poor maintenance practices.
NOTE! Federal law requires manufacturers
to notify owners of its products in the event
of a Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard
or if a safety related defect is discovered. If
you are not the original owner of this vehicle, please notify us about the change in
ownership at the address below or through
an authorized Volvo Truck dealer. This is
the only way we will be able to contact
you if necessary.
Volvo Trucks North America, Inc.
P. O. Box 26115
Information in this manual refers to Volvo
components and Volvo drivetrain. Information concerning non-Volvo engines and/or
drivetrains can be obtained by contacting
the respective manufacturer.
Greensboro, NC 27402–6115
United States of America
2 General Information
Do Not Remove this manual from the vehicle. It contains important operational and
safety information that is needed by all
drivers and owners of this vehicle.
This Maintenance Manual covers all Volvo
vehicles manufactured by Volvo Trucks
North America, Inc., including the whole
chassis and all Volvo manufactured components. Specific maintenance information on
vendor components, manufactured by, for
example: Cummins, Detroit Diesel, Fuller,
Meritor, etc., see the respective manufacturer’s service and maintenance literature.
This manual, together with manuals for
specific components, for example, Volvo
engine, Cummins engine, Eaton transmission, etc., contain important information to
be able to operate this vehicle safely. They
contain advice and instructions which will
enable you to get the operating economy
and performance that you expect from this
quality vehicle.
All information, illustrations and specifications contained in this manual are based
upon the latest product information available at the time of publication. If any
questions arise concerning the current status of Federal or state laws, the appropriate
Federal or state agency should be contacted.
Volvo Trucks North America, Inc. reserves
the right to make changes at any time or to
change specifications or design without notice and without incurring obligation.
Proper Maintenance Procedure
During Maintenance
Whenever performing maintenance or repair, attach a DO NOT OPERATE or
similar warning label or sign to the ignition
key or prominently displayed on the instrument panel.
Do not allow unauthorized personnel on,
around or in the vehicle when maintenance or repair is being performed.
•
•
WARNING
Do not attempt to repair or service this
vehicle without having sufficient training, correct service literature and the
proper tools. Failure to follow this could
lead to personal injury or making your
vehicle unsafe.
WARNING
Diesel engine exhaust and some of its
constituents are known to the state of
California to cause cancer, birth defects
and other reproductive harm.
Never operate the engine in an area
where hydrocarbon vapors (gasoline, for
example) are present or are suspected to
be present. Hydrocarbon vapors can enter the air intake and overspeed the
engine, causing severe engine damage
and/or an explosion and fire. Serious
personal injury or death could occur.
•
When operating the engine in an en-
•
closed area, vent the exhaust to the
outside.
Safety Information 3
Before servicing your vehicle, apply
the parking brakes and adequately
chock the wheels in order to prevent
unintended vehicle movement. If the
service procedure requires the parking
brakes to be released — recheck to ensure that the wheels are adequately
chocked to prevent all forward and/or
rearward movement.
Do not use combustible substances in
or around the engine either during repair or maintenance or when running
the engine.
Do not wear loose clothing or jewelry
that can catch or get snagged by parts
or moving components on the engine.
Also wear all protective equipment required by the job conditions, such as
protective glasses, hearing protection,
etc.
Exhaust gases contain carbon monoxide.
Always run the engine outdoors or use a
properly vented exhaust hose. Prolonged
or excessive exposure may cause serious
illness or death.
Make certain that all protective covers
•
and guards are in place and secured.
Never put maintenance fluids into
•
glass containers since glass containers
can break.
4 Safety Information
Report all problems in a timely man-
•
ner before they threaten the safety of
operating the vehicle.
Do not work on the engine while it is
•
running.
Tag the vehicle with the DO NOT
•
OPERATE sign. Make sure other protective locks and covers are in their
proper place.
Disconnect the batteries whenever
•
performing any repairs or before servicing the electrical system.
DO NOT use high amperage elec-
•
tronic starting devices for
jump-starting the engine. Rely on conventional battery charging for charging
the batteries or jump-start with the
help of a start battery.
DO NOT attempt repairs you do not
•
understand or have the proper tools for.
When starting an engine after repairs
•
have been made to the fuel or injection
system, prepare equipment for shutting
off the engine intake air and/or fuel
supply (to stop the engine), in case
there is an overspeed on start-up.
Start the engine only from the driver
•
seat. Never operate the starter motor
across the starter terminals or the batteries as this could by-pass the engine
neutral-start system as well as causing
damage to the electrical or electronic
systems.
Never try to operate or work on this
vehicle while under the influence of alcohol. Your reflexes can be affected by
even a small amount of alcohol. Drinking and operating this vehicle can lead
to an accident, causing serious personal
injury or death.
Compressed Air and Water
Compressed air can cause personal injury. When using compressed air for
cleaning, wear a protective face shield,
protective clothing and protective shoes.
Pressurized water could cause particles
and/or hot water to be sprayed in your
direction and cause personal injury. The
maximum air pressure must be below
30 psi (200 kPa) for cleaning purposes.
Safety Information 5
Asbestos Information
NOTE! The Volvo engine and replacement
parts for it shipped from the factory are asbestos free. Volvo recommends the use of
only genuine Volvo spare parts.
Never use any parts that contain or are
thought to contain asbestos. Exposure to asbestos fibers can create serious health risks,
including death.
Fluid Penetration
Always use a piece of paper or
cardboard when checking for a leak. Escaping fluid under high pressure, even a
pin-hole sized leak, can penetrate body
tissue, causing serious injury or death. If
fluid is injected into your skin, immediate treatment must be administered by a
doctor familiar with this type of injury.
6 Safety Information
Injury Prevention
Burn Prevention
Engine Parts
WARNING
Hot engine. Keep yourself clear of all
hot engine parts and/or fluids. A hot engine and/or fluid can cause serious burns.
Do not touch any part of the engine while
it is hot. Allow the engine to cool before
any repair or maintenance is performed on
the engine.
WARNING
Do not raise the engine hood or cab if
you see or hear steam or coolant escaping from the engine compartment. Wait
until steam or coolant cannot be seen or
heard any longer before raising the hood
or cab.
Do not remove the coolant fill cap if the
coolant in the surge tank is boiling.
Also, do not remove the cap while the
engine and radiator are still hot. Scalding
fluid and steam may be blown out under
pressure if the cap is taken off too soon.
W0001525
Relieve all pressure in air, oil, fuel or cooling systems before any lines, fittings or
related items are disconnected or removed.
Coolant
To prevent personal injury, do not climb up
on the engine to remove the filler cap. Use
a suitable, properly positioned ladder to
reach up to the cap. At normal operating
temperature, the engine coolant is very hot
and under pressure. If pressure is relieved
rapidly in a hot cooling system, the hot
coolant can turn into steam. Any contact
with hot coolant or steam can cause severe
burns. The radiator and all heating system
and radiator lines and hoses contain hot
coolant.
WARNING
Safety Information 7
Coolant may be combustible. Coolant
leaked or spilled onto hot surfaces or
electrical components can cause a fire.
Clean up coolant spills immediately.
Verify coolant level only by the markings
on the expansion tank. Open the filler cap
only after the engine has been stopped and
cooled down. Remove the filler cap slowly
to relieve pressure.
W0001527
8 Safety Information
Oils
WARNING
Hot engine. Keep yourself clear of all
hot engine parts and/or fluids. A hot engine and/or fluid can cause serious burns.
Hot oil can cause severe burns. Do not allow hot oil to contact the skin. When
changing oil, wear protective gloves.
Batteries
WARNING
Always wear eye protection when working around batteries to prevent the risk
of injury due to contact with sulfuric
acid or an explosion.
WARNING
Battery posts, terminals and related
accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the State of
California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Wash hands after handling.
Battery electrolyte contains acid and can
cause injury. Avoid contact with the skin
and eyes. Wash hands after touching batteries and connectors. Use of gloves is
recommended. Always wear protective
glasses when working with batteries.
Fire or Explosion Prevention
The diesel engine will operate on any
fuel which enters the cylinder, whether it
is from the injectors or from the air intake system. Therefore, if any solvent is
used to flush out the air cleaner element,
the engine may overspeed during
start-up. Engine damage and severe
injury and/or death from burns or explosion can occur.
The engine should not be operated in an
area where combustible gases are suspected
to be in the air. These could be drawn into
the engine through the engine air intake
system and could cause the engine to overspeed with possible serious damage to the
engine and bodily injury or property
damage.
Safety Information 9
W0001526
Excessive heat may cause the pressurized components of the air conditioned
system to explode. Never weld, solder,
steam clean or use a gas torch near any
part of the air conditioning system. Severe injury or death may occur from an
explosion.
Do not pressure or leak test R134a refrigerant for air conditioning or servicing
equipment using compressed air. Some
mixtures of air and R134a refrigerant have
been shown to be combustible at elevated
pressures. These mixtures, if ignited, can
cause injury or property damage. Consult
the R134a Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS) for additional information.
10 Safety Information
Do not service any part of the fuel system while smoking or in the presence of
flames, sparks or hot surfaces. Failure to
follow these precautions can result in
fire, which can cause serious injury or
death.
All fuels, most lubricants and some coolant
mixtures are flammable. Diesel fuel is
flammable. Gasoline is flammable. The
mixture of diesel and gasoline fumes is extremely explosive. Do not smoke while
refueling or when in a refueling area.
W0001527
WARNING
Do not store fuel containers in the vehicle. They may leak, explode and cause
or feed a fire. Empty or full, they
present a hazard that may lead to burns
in the event of a fire.
Keep all fuels and lubricants stored in
properly marked containers and away from
all unauthorized personnel. Store oily rags
or other flammable material in a protective
container, in a safe place. Remove all
flammable material such as fuel, oil and
other substances before they accumulate on
the engine. Do not expose the engine to
flames, driving over burning ground, etc., if
at all possible. Do not weld or flame cut on
or around pipes or tubes that contain
flammable fluids.
Exhaust heat shields may be installed to
protect oil or fuel carrying lines and pipes
from hot exhaust parts. To protect from pipe
or seal failure, install heat shields correctly.
Provide adequate and proper waste oil disposal. Always dispose of waste liquids
according to Federal and local regulations.
Oil and fuel filters should be properly installed and housing covers tightened to the
proper torque when being changed.
Starting Aids
Safety Information 11
Do not use ether or similar starting aids
in a Volvo or any other engine with start
help. The Volvo engine is equipped with
a preheater. Introduction of ether or
other combustible material in the intake
manifold could cause a fire or explosion,
resulting in severe property damage, severe personal injury or death.
DO NOT use ether or other combustible
starting aids on engines that have a heater
element or other heating devices installed
in the intake manifold for heating intake air
at cold-starts.
Fire Extinguisher
Anytime work is being done to the fuel
system or any other area where flammable
substances are being used, have a fire extinguisher available and know how to use it.
Inspect and have it serviced as recommended on its instruction label.
W0001484
12 Safety Information
Respiratory Hazard Prevention
Exhaust gases contain carbon monoxide.
Always run the engine outdoors or use a
properly vented exhaust hose. Prolonged
or excessive exposure may cause serious
illness or death.
WARNING
Diesel engine exhaust and some of its
constituents are known to the state of
California to cause cancer, birth defects
and other reproductive harm.
W0001523
Always work in a well ventilated space if
the engine needs to be running and use a
hose to route the exhaust to the outside.
Poisonous Substances
Coolant is toxic; risk of poisoning. Do
not drink coolant. Use proper hand protection when handling. Keep coolant out
of reach of children and animals. Failure
to follow these precautions can cause serious illness or death.
Cooling system supplemental additive contains alkali. To prevent personal injury,
avoid contact with the skin and eyes. DO
NOT drink coolant of any concentration.
Crushing or Cutting Prevention
Before working on a vehicle, set the
parking brakes, place the transmission in
neutral and block the wheels. Failure to
do so can result in unexpected vehicle
movement and can cause serious personal injury or death.
Do not work near the fan with the engine running or the ignition in the ON
position. The engine fan can engage at
any time without warning. Anyone near
the fan when it turns on could be seriously injured.
Safety Information 13
W0001524
Support equipment and components properly when working beneath them. Never
attempt adjustments while the engine is
running unless otherwise specified for the
service procedure. To help prevent an accident caused by moving parts, work
carefully around them. Guards, covers and
shields should be in place whenever maintenance is not being performed. Keep
objects away from moving fan blades. They
will throw or cut any object or tool that
falls or is pushed into them.
Inspect the fan blade assembly before service for cracks or loose mounting before
starting the engine. Never stand along side
a rotating fan assembly, particularly at high
fan speeds.
14 Safety Information
Wear protective glasses when striking objects to avoid injury to your eyes. Chips or
other debris can fly off objects that are
struck. Make sure no one can be injured by
flying debris before striking any object.
Climbing Up and Down
Always have three limbs (one foot and
two hands or two feet and one hand) in
contact with the vehicle at all times
when entering or exiting the cab or the
area behind the cab. Failure to follow
this warning can result in serious personal injury or death.
W0001528
DO NOT climb up on or jump off from the
engine or stand on components that cannot
support your weight. Use an adequate ladder or scaffolding, suitably situated. Do not
use top of engine or cowling ledge as
foothold when reaching on top of cab.
Clean steps, handholds and areas of the vehicle you will be working on or around.
Refer to the Operator’s Manual for proper
entry and exit procedures.
Always use a three-point stance (two
hands — one foot or one hand — two
feet) whenever climbing up or down.
Engine Damage Prevention
Before Starting the Engine
Before working on a vehicle, set the
parking brakes, place the transmission in
neutral and block the wheels. Failure to
do so can result in unexpected vehicle
movement and can cause serious personal injury or death.
Inspect engine for potential hazards. Make
sure all protective guards and covers are
properly installed if an engine needs to be
started to make adjustments or checks. To
help prevent an accident by moving parts,
work carefully around them.
Safety Information 15
DO NOT disable or bypass automatic
alarm/shutoff circuits. They are provided to
prevent personal injury and engine damage.
The diesel engine will operate on any
fuel which enters the cylinder, whether it
is from the injectors or from the air intake system. Therefore, if any solvent is
used to flush out the air cleaner element,
the engine may overspeed during
start-up. Engine damage and severe
injury and/or death from burns or explosion can occur.
Make provisions for shutting off the engine
intake air or fuel supply to stop the engine
if there is an overspeed on start-up after
performing repair or maintenance on it.
Always consult the proper Volvo Service
Manual before any repair is attempted.
16 Safety Information
Engine Starting
DO NOT start the engine or move any of
the controls or disengage the parking brake
if the warning tag “DO NOT OPERATE” is
attached to the ignition key or located on
the dash. Check with the person who attached the tag before starting.
Make sure no one is working on or close to
the engine or components driven by the engine before starting it. Always make an
inspection of the engine before and after
starting.
Diesel engine exhaust contains products of
combustion which may be harmful to your
health. Always start and operate the engine
in a well-ventilated area, and if in an enclosed area, vent the exhaust to the outside.
Start the engine only from the driver seat in
the cab. Never start the engine by shorting
across the starter motor terminals or batteries to start the engine as this could bypass
the engine neutral-start system as well as
damage the electrical and electronic system. Always start the engine according to
the required engine starting procedure described in this operator’s manual to prevent
major engine component damage and personal injury.
Starting Aids
DO NOT use ether or other combustible
starting aids on engines that have a heater
element or other heating devices installed
in the intake manifold for heating intake air
at cold-starts. Introduction of ether or similar starting aids could cause a fire or
explosion resulting in severe property damage, serious personal injury or death.
W0001484
Safety Information 17
Electric System Damage Prevention
Electric and Electronic Systems
Never disconnect any charging unit circuit
or battery circuit cable from the battery
when the charging unit is operating. A
spark can cause the flammable vapor mixture of hydrogen and oxygen to explode.
To prevent potential sparks from igniting
combustible gases produced by some batteries, attach the negative (-) terminal last
when hooking up and remove the negative
terminal first after the engine has started.
Check regularly around the engine and engine compartment for loose or frayed wires.
Have all loose or frayed electrical wires
tightened, repaired or replaced before operating the vehicle.
Grounding Practices
Proper grounding for vehicle and engine
electrical and electronic systems is necessary for proper vehicle and engine
performance and reliability. Improper
grounding will result in uncontrolled and
unreliable electrical paths.
W0001526
WARNING
Always wear eye protection when working around batteries to prevent the risk
of injury due to contact with sulfuric
acid or an explosion.
Uncontrolled engine electrical circuit paths
can result in damage to main bearings,
crankshaft journals surfaces and aluminum
components. Uncontrolled electrical circuit
paths can also cause electrical noise which
may degrade vehicle and radio performance.
Operating engines without the engine-toframe ground strap installed can cause
damage to the engine. To prevent electrical
discharge damage, check to make sure the
engine’s electrical system has an engine-toframe ground strap. All ground connections
should be tight and free of corrosion.
18 Safety Information
Electronic Engine Control System
Tampering with the electronic system installation can be dangerous and could result
in personal injury or death and/or engine
damage. It is very important to take the
proper precautions with the electrical and
electronic system when charging the batteries, jump-starting or performing electric
welding on the vehicle. See the vehicle Operator’s Manual for correct procedures.
The Volvo D12 engine uses high voltage
to the electronic unit injectors. DO NOT
come in contact with the unit injector
terminals while the engine is running.
An electric shock can cause an involuntary muscle spasm and cause balance
loss and falls leading to severe personal
injury or death.
W0001522
This engine is equipped with monitoring
features that may cause reduced power or
shutdown under certain conditions. The
power output, monitoring and idling features can only be programmed and/or
changed with electronic service tools and
passwords.
Certain features, such as low oil pressure,
high coolant temperature or low coolant
level could cause the engine power and/or
vehicle speed to be limited and the engine
may also shut down. The shutdown will
take approximately 30 seconds from the
time the warning feature is activated. See
the vehicle Operator’s Manual for more
information.
Reporting Safety Defects
USA
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and Volvo Trucks
North America should be informed immediately if you believe that the vehicle has a
defect that could cause a crash, injury or
death.
Contact NHTSA by calling the Auto Safety
Hotline at 1 (800) 424–9393 (or 366–0123
in the Washington, DC area) or by writing
to: NHTSA, U. S. Department of Transport,
Washington, DC 20590.
Safety Information 19
1 (800) 424-9393
Canada
Refer consumer complaints to Volvo Trucks
Canada, Inc. or to the Transport Canada —
Department of Public Complaints, Recalls
and Investigations.
Mexico
Volvo Trucks of Mexico, S.A. de C.V.
should be informed immediately if you believe the vehicle has a defect that could
cause a crash, injury or death. Contact
Volvo Trucks de Mexico by calling 91 (5)
259–3011 or by writing to: Volvo Trucks
de Mexico, S.A. de C.V., Prol. Paseo de la
Reforma 600, 1er. Piso — 121, Col. Santa
Fe Peña Blanca, C.P. 01210, México, D.F.
1 (905) 795-1555
01 (800) 90 94 900
20 General Engine Design Information
Engine Overview D7
1. Fuel filters (secondary)
2. Turbocharger
3. Exhaust pressure governor (EPG)
4. Coolant drain connection
W2002703
5. Coolant filter
6. Electronic injection pump
7. Hand fuel primer pump
General Engine Design Information 21
8. Engine electronic control unit
(EECU)
9. Oil fill cap
10. Oil dipstick
W2002702
11. By-pass oil filter
12. Full-flow oil filter
14. Starter motor
22 General Engine Design Information
Engine Overview, D12
1. Oil Fill Cap
2. Starter Motor
3. Engine Electronic Control Unit
(EECU)
W0001846
4. Fuel Filter (secondary)
5. Oil Dipstick
General Engine Design Information 23
9. Coolant Drain Connection
10. Exhaust Pressure Governor
(EPG)
11. VEB Control Unit
12. Turbocharger
13. By-Pass Oil Filter
W0001847
14. Full-Flow Oil Filters
15. Air Compressor
16. Coolant Filter
17. Coolant Radiator
18. Charge Air Cooler
24 General Engine Design Information
Typical Engine Compartment Overview
1. Oil fill cap
2. Intake air heater
3. Engine Electronic Control Unit
(EECU)
W2003478
4. Coolant surge tank
5. Output from charge air cooler
General Engine Design Information 25
6. Engine air filter
7. Coolant fill cap
8. Radiator
W2003479
9. Airfilter restriction gauge
10. Oil dipstick
11. Turbocharger
26 General Engine Design Information
Engine Features
Feature Benefit
VECTRO II - Volvo Engine
•
Electronics System
VECTRO II Diagnostics
•
Air-to-Air Charge Air Cooler
•
Two-Piece Piston and Optimized
•
Compression Ratio (D12)
Standard Exhaust Brake
•
Optional Volvo Engine Brake (VEB)
•
(D12 only)
Engine Brake Control (D12)
•
Differentiated Speed Control
•
Road Speed Limiter
•
PTO Speed Setting
•
Cruise Control
•
Idle Speed Setting
•
Idle Timeout
•
Ease of Troubleshooting
•
Superior Fuel Economy
•
Peak Performance
•
Low Process Temperature
•
Minimum White Smoke
•
Low Internal Friction
•
Efficient Braking on Grades
•
Superior Temperature Control at Idle
•
Quick Warm-Up
•
Exceptional Engine Braking Even at
•
Low Engine Speed
Optional Pre-Heater Element
•
Cylinder Liners with Plateau Honing
•
Engine-Mounted Fan Ring
•
Electronically Controlled Fuel Injection
•
Engine-Driven Power Take-Off
•
Excellent Startability down to as Low
•
as
F (-25C)
-15
Minimum Smoke and Odor After Start
•
No Fuel Dilution of Oil in Cylinder
•
Due to Complete Combustion
Less Engine Wear
•
Optimized Oil Consumption
•
Efficient Cooling with Low Parasitic
•
Losses
Precise Control of Combustion
•
Centrally Located Vertical Unit
•
Injectors
Maximum Fuel Efficiency
•
Clutch-Independent PTO
•
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