Agilent Technologies E4406A User Manual

Download

User’s Guide

Agilent Technologies

E4406A VSA Series Transmitter Tester

Manufacturing Part Number: E4406-90177

Supersedes E4406-90145

Printed in USA

September 2001

The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.

Agilent Technologies makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Agilent Technologies shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material.

Safety Information

The following safety notes are used throughout this manual. Familiarize yourself with these notes before operating this instrument.

WARNING Warning denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure

which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in injury or loss of life. Do not proceed beyond a warning note until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

CAUTION Caution denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure that, if not

correctly performed or adhered to, could result in damage to or destruction of the instrument. Do not proceed beyond a caution sign until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.

WARNING This is a Safety Class 1 Product (provided with a protective

earth ground incorporated in the power cord). The mains plug shall be inserted only in a socket outlet provided with a protected earth contact. Any interruption of the protective conductor inside or outside of the product is likely to make the product dangerous. Intentional interruption is prohibited.

WARNING No operator serviceable parts inside. Refer servicing to

qualified personnel. To prevent electrical shock do not remove covers.

CAUTION Always use the three-prong AC power cord supplied with this product.

Failure to ensure adequate grounding may cause product damage.

Warranty

This Agilent Technologies instrument product is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of three years from date of shipment. During the warranty period, Agilent Technologies Company will, at its option, either repair or replace products that prove to be defective.

For warranty service or repair, this product must be returned to a service facility designated by Agilent Technologies. Buyer shall prepay shipping charges to Agilent Technologies and Agilent Technologies shall pay shipping charges to return the product to Buyer. However, Buyer shall pay all shipping charges, duties, and taxes for products returned to Agilent Technologies from another country.

Agilent Technologies warrants that its software and firmware designated by Agilent Technologies for use with an instrument will execute its programming instructions when properly installed on that instrument. Agilent Technologies does not warrant that the operation of the instrument, or software, or firmware will be uninterrupted or error-free.

LIMITATION OF WARRANTY

The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by Buyer, Buyer-supplied software or interfacing, unauthorized modification or misuse, operation outside of the environmental specifications for the product, or improper site preparation or maintenance.

NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES

THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES. AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY.

Contents

1. Getting Started

What Documentation Comes with the E4406A VSA Series Transmitter Tester . . . . . . . . . . 15

URL for the Latest VSA Transmitter Tester Update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Understanding Digital Communications Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Updating the Firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Making a Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Front Panel Keys Context Dependency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Front Panel Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Rear Panel Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Display Annotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Installing Optional Measurement Personalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Available Personality Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Loading the Optional Personality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Viewing a License Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Installing a License Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Using the Uninstall Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Cables for Connecting to the Serial Port

(RS-232) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Safety Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Instrument Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Instrument Operation and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

2. Using System Features

Using System Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Install and Uninstall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Key Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Using Print and Print Setup Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Printing a Displayed Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Printing a Screen Image to a File on A: or C: Drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Using File and Save Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Loading a State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Saving a State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Using the Alpha Editor Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Using Input/Output Configuration Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Configuring I/O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

File System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Using System Configuration and Alignment Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Restore System Defaults. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Show Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Show System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

System (Local) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Contents

3.Setting the Mode

Selecting a Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82

Mode Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83

Input Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83

Trigger Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85

Selecting the Frequency/Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86

4. Making Measurements

Basic Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88

Preparing for Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89

Initial Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89

Using Measure Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89

Measurement Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90

Measurement Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90

Changing the View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93

Using Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95

Making the Spectrum (Frequency Domain) Measurement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97

Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97

Measurement Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97

Making the Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97

Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98

Changing the Measurement Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99

Changing the View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103

Changing the Display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105

Using the Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108

Troubleshooting Hints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109

Making the Waveform (Time Domain) Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110

Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110

Measurement Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110

Making the Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110

Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111

Changing the Measurement Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113

Changing the View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .116

Changing the Display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118

Using the Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .120

Troubleshooting Hints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121

Making the Adjacent Channel Power (ACP) Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .122

Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .122

Measurement Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .122

Making the Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123

Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123

Changing the Measurement Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124

Changing the View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128

Troubleshooting Hints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .130

Making the Channel Power Measurement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131

Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131

Measurement Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131

Making the Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .132

Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .132

Contents

Changing the Measurement Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Changing the Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

Using the Marker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

Troubleshooting Hints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

Making the Power Stat CCDF Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

Measurement Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

Making the Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

Changing the Measurement Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

Changing the View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

Changing the Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

Using the Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

Troubleshooting Hints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

Service Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

Timebase Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

Measurement Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

Test Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

50 MHz Amplitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

Measurement Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

Test Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144

Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145

Sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

Measurement Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

Test Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

Front Panel Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148

Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148

Test Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148

Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

Troubleshooting Hints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

Service Power vs. Time Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150

Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150

Using Baseband I/Q Inputs (Option B7C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

What are Baseband I/Q Inputs? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152

What are Baseband I/Q Signals? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

Why Make Measurements at Baseband?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

Making Measurements with Baseband I/Q Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

Baseband I/Q Measurement Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

Selecting Input Probes for Baseband Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156

Selecting Baseband I/Q Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159

Selecting Baseband I/Q Input Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159

Setting Up Baseband I/Q Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161

Baseband I/Q Measurement Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

Baseband I/Q Measurement Result Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168

Contents

Baseband I/Q Key Access Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172

BbIQ Programming Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .174

5. If You Have a Problem

Problem Symptoms and Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .180

Key or Feature Does Not Appear in Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .180

Frequency Unlock or External Reference Missing - Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181

LAN External Loopback Test Failed - Error Message . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181

Instrument Fails Alignment - Error Message . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181

Measurement Keys Do Not Appear after Pressing the Mode Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182

Instrument Power-On Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182

LAN Communication Problem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182

Instrument Keyboard is Locked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182

Agilent Technologies Test and Measurement Support, Services, and Assistance . . . . . . . . .183

Returning Your Instrument to Agilent Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .184

6. Options and Accessories

Options and Measurement Personalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .186

Option BAH: GSM Measurement Personality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .186

Option BAC: cdmaOne Measurement Personality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .186

Option BAE: NADC/PDC Measurement Personalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .186

Option HN1: iDEN Measurement Personality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .187

Option BAF: W-CDMA Measurement Personality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .187

Option B78: cdma2000 Measurement Personality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .187

Option B7C: Baseband IQ Measurement Personality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .188

Option 202: EDGE (with GSM) Measurement Personality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .188

Option 300: 321.4 MHz IF Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .189

Option 252: Retrofit EDGE to Existing GSM Measurement Personality . . . . . . . . . . . . . .189

Option 0B1: Additional Copy of Manuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .189

Option 0BV: Component-level Service Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .190

Option 0BW: Assembly-level Service Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .190

Option 1CM: Rack Mount Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .190

Option 1CN: Handles Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .190

Option 1CP: Rack Mount with Handles Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .190

Option 1CR: Rack Slide Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .190

VSA Transmitter Tester Measurement Personalities Retrofit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .190

Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .191

AC Probe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .191

Broadband Preamplifiers and Power Amplifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .191

GPIB Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .191

Parallel Interface Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .191

Printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .191

RS-232 Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .192

N2714A Calibration and Adjustment Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .192

List of Keys

Linear Envelope .................................................................................................................................. 166

10 MHz Out............................................................................................................................................72

50 MHz Amplitude...............................................................................................................................144

50 MHz Ref.............................................................................................................................................83

Advanced ................................................................................................................................................ 90

Align 50 MHz Reference ........................................................................................................................ 78

Align ADC .............................................................................................................................................. 78

Align All Now .........................................................................................................................................77

Align Current IF Flatness ..................................................................................................................... 78

Align Current SysGain .......................................................................................................................... 78

Align IF ..................................................................................................................................................78

Align RF ................................................................................................................................................. 78

Align Subsystem ....................................................................................................................................78

Alignments ............................................................................................................................................. 77

Alpha Editor...........................................................................................................................................68

Auto Align .............................................................................................................................................. 77

Auto Trig ................................................................................................................................................ 85

Average................................................................................................................................................... 90

Avg Bursts..............................................................................................................................................91

Avg Mode................................................................................................................................................ 91

Avg Number ........................................................................................................................................... 91

Avg Type................................................................................................................................................. 91

Band Power ............................................................................................................................................ 96

Baseband Align Signal (ON OFF).......................................................................................................160

Basic ....................................................................................................................................................... 82

cdmaOne................................................................................................................................................. 82

Clear Error Queue(s) ............................................................................................................................. 74

Color Print.............................................................................................................................................. 63

Color Printer .......................................................................................................................................... 63

Config I/O ...............................................................................................................................................69

Corrections ............................................................................................................................................. 79

Current ................................................................................................................................................... 93

Custom. ..................................................................................................................................................63

Define Custom........................................................................................................................................63

Delay....................................................................................................................................................... 85

Delta .......................................................................................................................................................96

Eject Page...............................................................................................................................................63

Emulated GPIB Address ....................................................................................................................... 71

Emulated GPIB Logical Unit ................................................................................................................70

Emulated GPIB Name........................................................................................................................... 70

ESC ......................................................................................................................................................... 77

Ethernet Addr ........................................................................................................................................ 71

Ext Front ................................................................................................................................................ 86

Ext Rear ................................................................................................................................................. 86

File Location........................................................................................................................................... 65

Frame Timer .......................................................................................................................................... 86

Frame ..................................................................................................................................................... 92

Free Run.................................................................................................................................................92

Freq Ref ..................................................................................................................................................71

List of Keys

Front Panel Test...................................................................................................................................148

GPIB Address .........................................................................................................................................69

GSM ........................................................................................................................................................82

HCOPy Dest ...........................................................................................................................................65

Host Name..............................................................................................................................................70

I Offset ..................................................................................................................................................161

I Only ....................................................................................................................................................159

I/Q Input Z............................................................................................................................................162

I/Q INPUT ............................................................................................................................................103

I/Q Range..............................................................................................................................................161

I/Q Setup...............................................................................................................................................161

I/Q Z Ref for Input Z = 1M

IF Align...................................................................................................................................................83

Image ......................................................................................................................................................65

Input Atten .............................................................................................................................................84

Input Port ...............................................................................................................................................83

install ......................................................................................................................................................36

Instrument Logical Unit........................................................................................................................70

Instrument Name...................................................................................................................................70

Invert ......................................................................................................................................................65

IP Address ..............................................................................................................................................70

Landscape...............................................................................................................................................63

Language, ...............................................................................................................................................63

Level........................................................................................................................................................85

License Key ............................................................................................................................................38

Line .........................................................................................................................................................92

Load State ..............................................................................................................................................67

Log-Pwr Avg ...........................................................................................................................................91

Marker All Off ........................................................................................................................................96

Max Total Pwr........................................................................................................................................84

Maximum Connections ..........................................................................................................................70

Maximum................................................................................................................................................91

Minimum ................................................................................................................................................91

Noise .......................................................................................................................................................96

Normal ....................................................................................................................................................95

Offset.......................................................................................................................................................86

Orientation .............................................................................................................................................63

PCL3 .......................................................................................................................................................63

PCL5 .......................................................................................................................................................63

Peak Level ..............................................................................................................................................85

Period......................................................................................................................................................86

Portrait ...................................................................................................................................................63

Pos...........................................................................................................................................................85

Printer ....................................................................................................................................................65

Pwr Avg ..................................................................................................................................................91

Q Offset.................................................................................................................................................162

Q Only...................................................................................................................................................159

Ref Position.............................................................................................................................................94

Ref Value.................................................................................................................................................93

Ω............................................................................................................................ 162

List of Keys

Reference ................................................................................................................................................71

Reprint.................................................................................................................................................... 63

Res BW ...................................................................................................................................................90

Reset Offset Display .............................................................................................................................. 86

Restore Align Defaults...........................................................................................................................79

Restore Meas Defaults........................................................................................................................... 90

Resume ................................................................................................................................................... 90

RF Burst (Wideband)............................................................................................................................. 85

RF ........................................................................................................................................................... 83

Save State...............................................................................................................................................67

Scale/Coupling ....................................................................................................................................... 94

Scale/Div................................................................................................................................................. 93

SCPI LAN............................................................................................................................................... 70

Select ...................................................................................................................................................... 96

Sensors ................................................................................................................................................. 146

Server ..................................................................................................................................................... 70

Service ....................................................................................................................................................82

Shape ...................................................................................................................................................... 96

Show Errors ........................................................................................................................................... 73

SICL Server............................................................................................................................................ 70

Signal Amptd ......................................................................................................................................... 84

Signal Type ............................................................................................................................................84

Slope ....................................................................................................................................................... 85

Socket Port .............................................................................................................................................70

Span........................................................................................................................................................ 93

Sweep Time ............................................................................................................................................ 93

Sync Source ............................................................................................................................................ 86

Telnet Port .............................................................................................................................................. 70

Time Corr ...............................................................................................................................................79

Timebase Frequency ............................................................................................................................ 142

Trace ....................................................................................................................................................... 95

Trig Holdoff ............................................................................................................................................ 85

Trigger .................................................................................................................................................... 85

Verbose ...................................................................................................................................................74

Video (IF Envlp).....................................................................................................................................85

Visible Align ...........................................................................................................................................79

Voltage Avg............................................................................................................................................. 91

List of Keys

1 Getting Started

This chapter introduces you to basic features of the instrument, including front panel keys, rear panel connections, and display annotation. You will also find out how to make a basic measurement and install applications.

Getting Started

Topics in c l ud e :

“What Documentation Comes with the E4406A VSA Series Transmitter Tester” on page 15.

“Making a Measurement” on page 19.

“Front Panel Keys Context Dependency” on page 20.

“Front Panel Description” on page 24.

“Rear Panel Description” on page 30.

“Display Annotation” on page 33.

“Installing Optional Measurement Personalities” on page 36.

“Safety Considerations” on page 47.

“Cables for Connecting to the Serial Port (RS-232)” on page 41.

14 Chapter 1

Getting Started

What Documentation Comes with the E4406A VSA Series Transmitter Tester

With your purchase of the instrument you receive the following materials:

Table 1-1 Standard Documentation

Part Description Notes

User’s Guide Does not include operational

information on the optional measurement personalities.

Specifications Includes specifications for the

transmitter tester and all optional measurement personalities. (Special options will be documented elsewhere.)

Programmer’s Guide Does not include commands for the

optional measurement personalities

Documentation CD-ROM Includes programming examples. Does

not include service documentation or software

An E4406A standard instrument contains the Basic and Service modes, which are described in the User’s Guide.

If you have purchased an optional measurement personality, your instrument comes loaded with the personality you have selected plus the Basic and Service modes. You also receive the related guide, containing measurement and programming information, for the personality you have ordered.

Chapter 1 15

Getting Started What Documentation Comes with the E4406A VSA Series Transmitter Tester

Table 1-2 Personality Documentation

Measurement Option Part Description

Option BAC cdmaOne Guide

Option BAH GSM Guide

Option 202 EDGE (w/GSM) Guide

Option BAE NADC, PDC Guide

Option BAF W-CDMA Guide

Option B78 cdma2000 Guide

Service documentation is also available from Agilent Technologies.

NOTE If the shipping container is damaged, or any part is missing, notify

Agilent Technologies (see page 184 for locations). When transporting the instrument use the original or comparable packaging.

16 Chapter 1

Getting Started

What Documentation Comes with the E4406A VSA Series Transmitter Tester

URL for the Latest VSA Transmitter Tester Update

For the latest information about this instrument, including firmware upgrades, application information, and product information, please visit the following URL: www.agilent.com/find/vsa/.

Understanding Digital Communications Measurements

Additional measurement application information is available through your local Agilent Technologies sales and service office. See the “If You Have a Problem” chapter for office location information. Some available application notes are listed below.

Description

Digital Modulation in Communications Systems An Introduction, Application Note 1298

Understanding CDMA Measurements for Base Stations and Their Components, Application Note 1311

Understanding GSM Transmitter Measurements,

Application Note 1312

HPSK Spreading for 3G 5968-8438E

Agilent E4406A VSA Series Transmitter Tester

Self-Guided Tour

Designing and Testing 3GPP W-CDMA Base Stations,

Application Note 1355

Designing and Testing 3GPP W-CDMA User Equip-

ment, Application Note 1356

Designing and Testing IS-2000 Base Stations, Application Note 1357

Agilent Part

Number

5965-7160E

5968-0953E

5968-2320E

5968-7617E

5980-1239E

5980-1238E

5980-1303E

Designing and Testing IS-2000 Mobile Stations, Application Note 1358

Understanding PDC and NADC Transmitter Measurements for Base Transceiver Stations and Mobile Stations, Application Note 1324

Chapter 1 17

5980-1237E

5968-5537E

Getting Started What Documentation Comes with the E4406A VSA Series Transmitter Tester

Updating the Firmware

Updated versions of the E4406A VSA Transmitter Tester firmware will be available from several sources. Information on the latest firmware revision can be accessed through the following URL.

URL to Contact to Obtain Firmware Update Information

www.agilent.com/find/vsa/

18 Chapter 1

Getting Started

Making a Measurement

This instrument enables you to make a wide variety of measurements on digital communications equipment using the measurement capabilities. It also has optional measurement personalites that make measurements based on industry standards.

To set up the instrument to make measurements, you need to:

1. Select a mode or personality which corresponds to a digital communications format, like cdma2000, W-CDMA, or EDGE. Use the Basic mode to make measurements of signals with non-standard formats. After selection of the mode, adjustments to the mode settings may be made as required.

2. Select a specific measurement to be performed, like ACP, Channel Power, or EVM, etc. After selection of a measurement, adjustments to the measurement settings may be made as required.

Basic Mode

Depending on Measurement Control settings, the instrument will begin making the selected measurements. The resulting data will be shown on the display or available for export.

3. Select a front panel View to display the data from the current measurement. Depending on the mode and measurement selected, various graphical and tabular presentations are available.

If you have a problem, and get an error message, see the E4406A VSA Transmitter Tester Instrument Messages and Functional Tests Guide.

The main keys used in the three steps are shown in the table below.

Step Primary Key Setup Keys Related Keys

1. Select & setup a mode

2. Select & setup a measurement

3. Select & setup a view

MODE Mode Setup, Input,

FREQUENCY/ Channel

MEASURE Meas Setup Meas Control, Restart

View/Trace SPAN X Scale,

AMPLITUDE Y Scale Display

, Zoom ,

Next Window

System

File, Save, Print, Print Setup

, Marker, Search

A setting may be reset at any time, and will be in effect on the next measurement cycle or View.

Chapter 1 19

Getting Started Front Panel Keys Context Dependency

Front Panel Keys Context Dependency

Many of the instrument features are context dependent. The functions that are available will change based on your selections of mode, mode setup, measurement, and measurement setup. The following figures represent the dependency relationships of the front panel keys.

Figure 1-1 System and Navigation Keys are not Context Dependent

System

PresetSystem

Navigation

Next Window

File

Save

Print Setup

TabWindow

Zoom Return Esc

20 Chapter 1

Getting Started

Front Panel Keys Context Dependency

Figure 1-2 These Features are Dependent on the Selected Mode and the

Mode Setup

MODE

Service

GSM

cdmaOne

Channel Power

Statistics View

Spectrum View

I/Q View

Waveform (Time Domain)

Spectrum (Freq Domain)

Spurious Close

View/ Trace

Meas Setup

e n u s

MEASURE

Averaging

Trigger Source

Advanced

Limits

Mode Setup

Radio

Standard: TIA-95B PCS Device: MS, BS

Input

Trigger

Demod

RF Chan

Frame

SPAN

X Scale

AMPLITUDE

Y Scale

Display

Restart

Marker

Meas Control

FREQUENCY

Channel

Input

Chapter 1 21

Getting Started Front Panel Keys Context Dependency

Figure 1-3 These Features are Dependent on the Selected Measurement

and the Measurement Setup

Waveform (Time Domain)

Spectrum (Freq Domain)

Spurious Close

Channel Power

Statistics View

Spectrum View

I/Q View

SPAN

X Scale

AMPLITUDE

Y Scale

View/ Trace

Display

Meas Setup

e n u s

MEASURE

Averaging

Trigger Source

Restart

Marker

Advanced

Limits

Meas Control

Marker

* Some Measure and Meas Setup parameters are context dependent upon the

Radio variant and Device selected in the Mode Setup.

22 Chapter 1

Front Panel Keys Context Dependency

Figure 1-4 Front Panel Keys Context Dependent Relationships

Getting Started

System

Device: MS, BS

Standard: TIA-95B PCS

Radio

Mode

Setup

PresetSystem

Trigger

Input

Setup

File

Demod

Frame

RF Chan

Save

Limits

Meas

Control

Input

FREQUENCY

Channel

MODE

Service

GSM

cdmaOne

MEASURE

Waveform (Time Domain)

Spectrum (Freq Domain)

Spurious Close

Channel Power

Advanced

Trigger Source

Averaging

Meas

Setup

View/

Trace

enu

Statistics View

Spectrum View

I/Q View

TabWindow

Marker

Restart

Display

SPAN

X Scale

AMPLITUDE

Y Scale

Marker

Zoom Return Esc

Window

Navigation

Chapter 1 23

Getting Started Front Panel Description

Front Panel Description

Key menus may vary depending on the currently selected mode or measurement. Softkeys which are not available for use are greyed-out. Keys may be greyed-out as a result of:

the current setting of other inter-related functions, not having a required password or license key, or not having some piece of optional hardware that is required.

Paths to access any feature will be found in the key access table on

page 53. Display annotation is explained on page 33. Operation of the

3.5 inch floppy-drive is covered in the section on printing on page 63.

1. ESC key Use the escape key to exit any function without modifying current parameters. Pressing the

ESC key

will:

• Clear any numeric entry that you have begun to

enter but decided you want to cancel.

• Remove any entries that are visible in the active

function area of the display (see the section on annotation on page 33 for a description of the active function area and other display features).

• Cancels an alignment if one is in progress.

2. Control keys Sets parameters that are used by the measurement in the current measurement mode.

24 Chapter 1

Getting Started

Front Panel Description

• FREQUENCY/Channel accesses softkeys that control the center frequency or channel number. These parameters apply to all measurements in the current mode.

SPAN/X Scale accesses softkeys that control the

•

horizontal scale in units of frequency, time, symbols or bits. The parameters in this menu apply only to the active window in the current measurement. See

page 93 for more detail.

AMPLITUDE/Y Scale accesses softkeys that control

•

vertical scale functions in units of dBm, dB, volts, degrees, or radians. The parameters in this menu apply only to the active window in the current measurement. See page 93 for more detail.

3. Input key The

Input key accesses softkeys that control the input of

the transmitter tester. These affect all measurements within the current mode. Note that the internal 50 MHz reference signal and the IF align signal are used as internal inputs that do not require external connections. See page 73 for more detail.

4. View keys

View keys modify the format of the trace and numeric

data on the display. See page 93 for more detail.

View/Trace accesses softkeys that control the way

•

results are viewed.

Display accesses softkeys that change the display.

•

Functions such as limit mask on/off and dots on/off are available for some measurements.

5. Measure keys are used to select and set up a specific measurement within the selected application. See page 89 for more detail.

MEASURE accesses softkeys that select and initiate

•

the various measurements that are specific to the current mode.

Meas Setup accesses the setup parameters that are

•

specific to the current measurement.

•

Restart causes the measurement that is currently in

process to stop, then start again at the beginning according to the current measurement setup parameters.

Meas Control accesses softkeys that affect the

•

measurement after it has been setup, for example selecting a single or continuous measurement.

Chapter 1 25

Getting Started Front Panel Description

6. Mode keys select the measurement mode and mode parameters See page 83 for more detail.

MODE accesses softkeys to select the instrument

•

mode. Each mode is independent of all other modes.

Mode Setup accesses softkeys that affect parameters

•

that are specific to the current mode and affect all measurements within that mode.

7. System keys access system features, that are used with all instrument modes. See page 52 for further explanation of system features.

System accesses features that control instrument

•

configuration at the system level, like I/O configuration and alignment, which affect all instrument modes. Pressing

System also returns the

instrument to local control, if it has been in remote mode.

Preset resets all parameters of the current mode back

•

to the factory defaults.

•

Print immediately prints what is on the screen to the

printer, or saves a file to a floppy disc, according to the parameters that are currently set in the

menu. See page 63 for more detail.

Setup

Print Setup configures the transmitter tester for

•

printing to a printer, or saving an image file to the floppy disc drive, and also allows you to select the printer type.

File accesses softkeys that control the file system of

•

the transmitter tester for saving and loading instrument states. See page 67 for more detail.

Save saves the current instrument state in the File

•

menu. See page 67 for more detail.

8. Marker keys are used to obtain specific information about parts of the displayed measurement (for example, to identify the exact frequency of an offset

). See page 95 for more

detail.

Marker accesses softkeys that allow manual

•

positioning of markers.

•

Search automatically performs a peak search, and

accesses softkeys that automatically position markers at preset locations on the trace (for example, to determine the difference between the amplitude of one peak and another).

26 Chapter 1

Getting Started

Front Panel Description

9. Probe Power The probe power input supplies power for external probes; the three connectors are a ground, and a +15 V, and a

−12.6 V connector. The probe power supplies

power to high frequency probes and accessories, such as preamplifiers, that are used as accessories to the transmitter tester. The probe power provides a maximum of 150 mA.

10. RF Input The 50

Ω RF input allows for input of an external RF

signal. The connector is a type N female, and is rated for a maximum input of +35 dBm for measuring a CW signal, and a maximum of 26 volts for a DC signal.

11. Data Entry keys are used to enter numeric values. Entries made using data entry keys will be visible in the active function area (see the section on annotation on page 33 to locate the active function area).

• The

Enter key is used to terminate numeric data

where no units of measurement are being entered, or where you want to terminate with the default unit of measurement. For operations involving selection of a unit of measurement (for example, dB, dBm, Hz, s, degrees, radians), the

Units softkey menu

(explained below) is used to terminate numeric entries.

Units softkeys are used to enter units of

•

measurement. If the value you are entering is in units of measurement, the units softkey menu will automatically appear once you enter a digit. After entering the desired numeric value, you terminate the entry by pressing the appropriate units of measurement softkey.

Numeric keys enter numeric values as indicated on

•

the keys. In addition, decimal and positive and negative sign keys are available for your use.

• The

Step keys (these are the up and down arrow

keys) change numeric values in increments of the current step size.

• The

Backspace key moves the cursor backwards one

space and erases the character in that space. You can use the

Backspace key to backspace characters in

the active function area.

• The RPG Knob changes numeric values in

increments of the current knob resolution.

Chapter 1 27

Getting Started Front Panel Description

12. Floppy Disk Drive. The floppy disk drive accepts 1.44 megabyte disks. For an explanation of the operation of the floppy disc drive see the Using Print Keys section on page 63.

13. Softkeys Softkeys either activate a feature or access a further softkey menu. An arrow on the right side of a softkey label indicates that the key accesses a further menu. The softkey which is currently active is highlighted. Keys unavailable for use are greyed-out. If a softkey menu has multiple pages, further pages will be accessed by pressing the

More key which is the bottom

key on any multi-page menu.

14. Return key The

Return key exits the current menu and returns

you to the previous menu. If you are on page one of a multi-page menu (a menu with a “More” key) the

Return

key will exit the multi-page menu. When you activate a different measurement, the return list is cleared. The

Return key will not return you to the previously

activated mode, nor will it alter any values you have entered on previous menus.

15. Navigation keys are used to move around in the display, and to return to the previous menu.

• The

Tab L ef t feature is not implemented. This feature

will be implemented with a future firmware update.

• The

Tab Right feature is not implemented. This

feature will be implemented with a future firmware update.

• The

Home feature is not implemented. This feature

will be implemented with a future firmware update.

16. Window keys are used to move to a different window in the display or to zoom the windows being displayed.

• The

Next Window key switches between windows.

When a single window is being viewed it switches to display the next window which is contained in the current multi-window display which, however, is not initially visible on the display. When viewing multiple windows, it activates the next window on the display. The active window is indicated by a green border.

• The

Zoom key allows you to switch between a

multiple-window screen and a full-size display of the window that is active.

17. Help key The

28 Chapter 1

Help feature is not implemented. This feature will

Getting Started

Front Panel Description

be implemented with a future firmware update.

18. On/Off switch turns on the transmitter tester. A green LED will light below the

Power switch when the instrument

has been turned on. When in standby mode a yellow LED is visible above the

On/Off switch.

19. Inputs enable you to input one or more of the two following external signals.

I input and Q inputs. There are two I and two Q inputs

•

(I and I

−not; Q and Q−not). These connectors are

present if the BbIQ measurement personality (Option B7C) is installed in your instrument.

External Trigger input. The external trigger allows

•

external triggering of measurements. The external trigger accepts an external trigger signal between

−5 and +5 V, and has a nominal impedance of

> 10 k

page 85

Ω. For more information on triggering, see

Chapter 1 29

Getting Started Rear Panel Description

Rear Panel Description

The diagram below illustrates all rear panel connections. For further explanation of labels found on the rear panel see the section on safety considerations on page 49.

1. TRIGGER 2 OUT provides a transmitter tester trigger output. This is used to synchronize other test equipment with the transmitter tester.

TRIGGER 1 OUT provides a transmitter tester trigger output. This is

used to synchronize other test equipment with the transmitter tester.

EXT REF IN allows the input of a 1 to 30 MHz external frequency

reference signal. The external reference frequency must be entered by the user.

10 MHz OUT provides an output of the transmitter tester’s internal

4. 10 MHz frequency reference signal. This is used to lock the frequency reference of other test equipment with the transmitter tester. This is a switched output.

30 Chapter 1

Getting Started

Rear Panel Description

5. TRIGGER IN The external trigger allows external triggering of measurements. The external trigger accepts an external trigger signal between nominal impedance of 10k

−5 and +5 V, and has a

Ω. For more information on

triggering, see page 85.

SCSI Currently the SCSI connection can only be used to

6. connect an external SCSI drive for firmware upgrades. SCSI functionality will be fully implemented with a future firmware update.

Line Power Input AC power line connection. The line voltage operates

7. at nominally 115 V (47 to 440 Hz) or at nominally 230 V (47 H to 66 Hz). The input power ranges for the power supply are 90 to 132 V or 195 to 250 Vrms. The power supply automatically senses the input power and switches between these two ranges. There is no customer replaceable power fuse. When on, the instrument consumes less than 350 W; when in standby less than 20 W.

KYBD This feature is not implemented. This feature will be

8. implemented with a future firmware update. The enables connection of an external PS-2 keyboard using a 6-pin mini-DIN connector. If no keyboard is available you can use the numeric keyboard and the

Alpha Editor

menu key feature to make the entries. The keyboard must be plugged into the instrument prior to powering the instrument on or the keyboard will not work.

GPIB The GPIB allows the connection of a General Purpose

9. Interface Bus (GPIB) cable, which enables remote instrument operation.

LAN-TP The LAN-TP connector can be used:

10.

- as a SICL server emulating IEEE 488.2 protocol over LAN.

- for a telnet programming port that can be sent SCPI commands.

- for a TCP/IP socket programming port that can be sent SCPI commands.

- for anonymous FTP operations to retrieve a screen “gif” or screen “xwd” file from the ftp/pub.

KYBD

NOTE For more information on remote programming with your transmitter

tester, refer to the programmer’s guide.

Chapter 1 31

Getting Started Rear Panel Description

11. PARAL L EL The PARALLEL connection supports remote printing.

12.

MONITOR The MONITOR allows connection of an external VGA

monitor, using a 15

13.

RS-232 The serial port RS-232 is not implemented. This feature

− pin mini D−SUB connector.

will be implemented with a future firmware update.

32 Chapter 1

Display Annotation

Getting Started

Display Annotation

The annotation features explained below refers to the display that is visible when your transmitter tester is in basic measurement mode; this is the default state of the transmitter tester when it is turned on. For explanations relating to unique measurement options such as GSM or cdmaOne see the documentation that accompanies each mode.

1. Center Frequency annotation.

2. Trigger Source Indicator.

3. Vertical Scale dB/Division Indicator.

4. Reference Level Indicator (in dBm).

5. Active Function Area. The active function area displays

numeric entries. If you press a measurement key that activates a function, its value will appear in the active function area.

Chapter 1 33

Getting Started Display Annotation

6. Measurement Bar. Displays information about measurements including some mode setup parameters.

7. Current Measurement Annotation.

8. The Annunciators bar displays annunciators that

indicate that hardware errors, other errors, or specific instrument states, are detected in the instrument, as explained below. Error indicators are shown in red text. Where applicable, some states will appear in green, indicating that the feature is active and performing correctly. Informational annunciators are shown in white text. To view error messages fully you will use keys in the

Show Errors menu (see page 52). The current

error message with the highest priority will also appear in the Status/Info Bar that appears at the bottom of the display. The following annunciators are available:

Unlock - This annunciator indicates that one or more of the internal phase-locked loops are unable to maintain a phase-locked state.

Corr Off (corrections off) - This annunciator appears when the

Corrections softkey is set to off.

Err (error) - This annunciator appears when an error message is placed in the history error queue. It will persist until you use the

Clear Error Queue(s) key

to clear the history error queue.

Ext Ref (external reference) - The green

Ext Ref

annunciator indicates that the external reference has been selected and the instrument is locked to it. The red

Ext Ref annunciator indicates that the

external reference has been selected, but the instrument is not locked to that reference. Note that the external reference on this instrument can be set at any frequency between 1 and 30 MHz; if the entered value does not correspond to the external reference that is in use, a red

Ext Ref annunciator

will appear.

NOTE Be aware that the value entered for the external reference frequency

will persist, even after the instrument has been powered off. The user must manually enter a new value for the external reference if a different value is required, even if it corresponds with the default value.

Ext Ref annunciator will appear only if the external reference has

An been activated by the user.

34 Chapter 1

Getting Started

Display Annotation

ESec (even second clock) - The green ESec annunciator indicates that the external even second clock has been selected as the sync type and a sync signal is present at the even second input (rear panel Trigger In), and the measurement is using it as the demodulation sync type. The red

ESec

annunciator indicates that an external even second clock has been selected as the sync type but a sync signal is not present at the even second input (rear panel Trigger In). In this case, the error message

Even Second Clock Missing will appear in the

Status/Info bar at the bottom of the display. The even second clock detection is updated every 2 seconds.

Klock (keyboard lock) - The keyboard can be locked remotely using SYSTem:KLOck. The

Klock

annunciator will appear in white text when the keyboard has been locked.

9. System Bar.

10. Time and Date.

11. Personality Mode Indicator.

12. Graph (Window) Title.

13. Averaging Indicator.

14. Remote Status Indicator. The remote status indicator

contains four letters: “R”,“ L”, “T”, and “S”. The current status is indicated by the letters that are highlighted.

“R” indicates that the instrument is in remote mode. “L” indicates a listen state. “T” indicates a talk state. “S” indicates a service request.

15. Pass/Fail Status Indicator.

16. Menu Title.

17. Softkeys. A softkey that is currently active is

highlighted. Greyed-out softkeys are unavailable and may require a password for use.

18. Span annotation.

19. Status/Info Bar. The current error message which has

the highest priority will appear in the Status/Info Bar. A programmer can also send a message to the Status/Info bar using a SCPI command.

Chapter 1 35

Getting Started Installing Optional Measurement Personalities

Installing Optional Measurement Personalities

When you install a measurement personality, follow this process.

1. Install the measurement personality firmware into the instrument.

(See the supplied installation instructions.)

2. Enter a license key number that enables the measurement

personality. (Refer to the “License Key Numbers” section below.)

Adding additional measurement personalities requires purchasing a retrofit kit for the desired option. The retrofit kit contains the measurement personality firmware. A license key certificate is also included in the kit. It documents the license key number that is for your specific option and instrument serial number. Installation instructions are included with the retrofit kit.

Available Personality Options

The option designation consists of three characters, as shown in the

Option column of the table below.

Available Personality Options

GSM measurement personality BAH

EDGE (with GSM) measurement personality

cdmaOne measurement personality BAC

NADC, PDC measurement personalities BAE

iDEN measurement personality HN1

W-CDMA measurement personality BAF

cdma2000 measurement personality B78

a. Available as of the print date of this guide. b. For instruments that already have Option BAH licensed, order

E4406AU Option 252 to add EDGE (with GSM).

Option

202

36 Chapter 1

Getting Started

Installing Optional Measurement Personalities

Loading the Optional Personality

The installation instructions require you to know three pieces of information about your instrument: the amount of memory available, the Host ID, and the instrument serial number.

Required Information: Key Path:

Instrument Memory:

__________________

Host ID: __________________

Instrument Serial Number: __________________

System, File System

(This key is grayed out. The total amount of memory in your instrument will be the sum of the

Used memory and the Free memory)

System, Show System, Host ID

(It is shown on the display.)

System, Show System, Serial Number

You must load the desired option into your instrument memory. This usually requires updating the instrument firmware so that it is compatible with the new option. Loading can be done from a CD-ROM or a www location.

You cannot fit all of the available measurement personalities in the instrument memory at the same time. The approximate memory requirements for the options are listed below. These numbers are worst case examples. Many options share share components. The total memory usage of multiple options may not be exactly equal to the combined total.

Available Personality Options File Size (VSA - A.05.20)

GSM measurement personality 2.3 MB

EDGE (with GSM) measurement personality 3.2 MB

cdmaOne measurement personality 1.9 MB

NADC measurement personalities 1.2 MB

PDC measurement personalities 1.3 MB

iDEN measurement personality 1.7 MB

W-CDMA measurement personality

cdma2000 measurement personality

**Shared measurement library 1.5 MB

4.1 MB

3.7 MB

a. This application uses the shared library, so you have to add its

memory requirements to this value.

Chapter 1 37

Getting Started Installing Optional Measurement Personalities

The Exit Main Firmware key is used during the firmware installation process. This key is only for use when you want to update firmware using a LAN connection. The

Exit Main Firmware key halts the operation

of the instrument firmware so you can install an updated version of firmware using a LAN connection. Instructions for loading future firmware updates are available at the following URL:

www.agilent.com/find/vsa/

Viewing a License Key

Measurement personalities purchased with your instrument have been installed and enabled at the factory. You will receive a unique License Key number with every measurement personality purchased. The license key number is a hexadecimal number that is for your specific measurement personality, instrument serial number and host ID. It enables you to install, or reactivate that particular personality.

Follow these steps to display the unique license key for a measurement personality that is already installed in your instrument:

1. Press

System, Install, Choose Option. The Choose Option key accesses the

alpha editor. Use the alpha editor to enter letters (upper-case) and the front-panel numeric keys to enter digits for a personality option that is already installed in the instrument.

2. Press the

number for your instrument will now appear on the

Done key on the alpha editor menu. The unique license key

License Key

softkey.

You will want to keep a copy of your license key number in a secure location. Please enter your license key numbers below for future reference. If you should lose your license key number, call your nearest Agilent Technologies service or sales office for assistance.

License Key Numbers for Instrument with Serial # ________

For Option______________ the license key number is _____________________

If you purchase an option later, you will receive a certificate that indicates the unique license key that you will need for you to install that option on your particular serial number instrument.

38 Chapter 1

Getting Started

Installing Optional Measurement Personalities

NOTE You will need to enter a license key number only if you purchase an

additional measurement personality at a later date, or if you want to reactivate a measurement personality that has been deactivated.

Installing a License Key

NOTE Also follow this procedure to reinstall a license key number that has

been deleted during an uninstall process, or lost due to a memory failure.

To install a license key number for the selected option, use the following procedure:

1. Press

System, Install, Choose Option . The Choose Option key accesses

the alpha editor menu. Use the alpha editor to enter letters (upper-case) and the front-panel numeric keys to enter numbers for the option designation. Then press the

Done key. As you enter the

option, you will see your entry in the active function area of the display.

NOTE You must already have entered the license key for the GSM option BAH

before you can enter the license key for the EDGE retrofit option 252.

2. Press

License Key. Enter the letters/digits of your license key. You will

see your entry in the active function area of the display. When you have completed entering the license key number, press the

3. Press the

The message “

Install Now key.

New option keys become active after reboot.”

Done key.

will appear. If you want to proceed with the installation, press the

Yes key and cycle the instrument power off and then on. Press the No

key if you wish to cancel the installation process.

Using the Uninstall Key

The following procedure removes the license key number for the selected option. This will make the option unavailable for use, and the message “ bar at the bottom of the display. Please write down the 12-digit license key number for the option before proceeding. If that measurement personality is to be used at a later date you will need the license key number to reactivate the personality firmware.

Application Not Licensed” will appear in the Status/Info

Chapter 1 39

Getting Started Installing Optional Measurement Personalities

NOTE Using the Uninstall key does not remove the personality from the

instrument memory, and does not free memory to be available to install another option. If you need to free memory to install another option, refer to the instructions for loading firmware updates located at the URL: www.agilent.com/find/vsa/.

1. Press

Pressing the

System, More(1 of 3), More(2 of 3), Uninstall, Choose Option.

Choose Option key will activate the alpha editor menu.

Use the alpha editor to enter the letters (upper-case) and the front-panel numeric keyboard to enter the digits (if required) for the option, then press the

Done key. As you enter the option, you will see

your entry in the active function area of the display.

2. Press the

option. Press the process. Press the

Uninstall Now key after you have entered the personality

Yes key if you want to continue the uninstall

No key to cancel the uninstall process.

3. Cycle the instrument power off and then on to complete the uninstall

process.

40 Chapter 1

Getting Started

Cables for Connecting to the Serial Port (RS-232)

There are a variety of cables and adapters available for connecting to PCs, and printers. Several of these are documented in the following wiring diagrams. You need to find out what connections your equipment uses to identify the cables and/or adapters that you will need.

HP 34398A RS-232 Cable Kit This kit comes with an RS-232, 9-pin female to 9-pin

female null modem/printer cable and one adapter 9-pin male to 25-pin female (HP part number 5181-6641). The adapter is also included in HP 34399A RS-232 Adapter Kit.

HP 34399A RS-232 Adapter Kit This kit includes four adapters to go from DB9 female

cable (HP 34398A) to PC/printer DB25 male or female, or to modem DB9 female or DB25 female.

Figure 1-5 HP 24542U Cable

Figure 1-6 HP F1047-80002 Cable

Chapter 1 41

Getting Started Cables for Connecting to the Serial Port (RS-232)

Figure 1-7 HP 24542G/H Cable

Figure 1-8 HP 92219J Cable

Figure 1-9 HP 13242G Cable

42 Chapter 1

Figure 1-10 HP 24542M Modem Cable

Figure 1-11 HP C2913A/C2914A Cable

Getting Started

Cables for Connecting to the Serial Port (RS-232)

Figure 1-12 Mouse Adapter (typical)

Chapter 1 43

Getting Started Cables for Connecting to the Serial Port (RS-232)

Figure 1-13 HP 24542U Cable with 5181-6641 Adapter

Figure 1-14 HP 24542U Cable with 5181-6640 Adapter

Figure 1-15 HP 24542U Cable with 5181-6642 Adapter

44 Chapter 1

Cables for Connecting to the Serial Port (RS-232)

Figure 1-16 HP 24542U Cable with 5181-6639 Adapter

Figure 1-17 HP F1047-80002 Cable with 5181-6641 Adapter

Getting Started

Figure 1-18 HP F1047-80002 Cable with 5181-6640 Adapter

Chapter 1 45

Getting Started Cables for Connecting to the Serial Port (RS-232)

Figure 1-19 HP F1047-80002 Cable with 5181-6642 Adapter

Figure 1-20 HP F1047-80002 Cable with 5181-6639 Adapter

46 Chapter 1

Getting Started

Safety Considerations

This section covers safety considerations relating to the installation and use of the instrument.

Instrument Installation

Install the instrument so that the detachable power cord is readily identifiable and is easily reached by the operator. The detachable power cord is used to completely disconnect the instrument. The front panel switch is only a standby switch which maintains standby power to some parts of the instrument. It does not disconnect the instrument from the power source. Alternatively, an externally installed switch or circuit breaker (which is readily identifiable and is easily reached by the operator) may be used as a disconnecting device.

The input power ranges for the power supply are 90 to 132 V, or 195 to 250 Vrms. The power supply automatically senses the input power and switches between these two ranges. There is no customer replaceable power fuse.

WARNING The power cord is connected to internal capacitors that may

remain live for 5 seconds after the plug is disconnected from its power supply.

WARNING If this product is to be energized via an external

autotransformer for voltage reduction, make sure that its common terminal is connected to a neutral (earthed pole) of the power supply.

CAUTION This instrument has autoranging line voltage input, be sure the supply

voltage is within the specified range.

CAUTION VENTILATION REQUIREMENTS: When installing the product in a

cabinet, the convection into and out of the product must not be restricted. The ambient temperature (outside the cabinet) must be less than the maximum operating temperature of the product by 4° C for every 100 watts dissipated in the cabinet. If the total power dissipated in the cabinet is greater than 800 watts, then forced convection must be used.

Chapter 1 47

Getting Started Safety Considerations

Instrument Operation and Maintenance

The following warnings explain conditions which affect the safe operation of the instrument.

WARNING If this instrument is not used as specified, the protection

provided by the equipment could be impaired. This product must be used in a normal condition (in which all means for protection are in tact) only.

WARNING To prevent electrical shock, disconnect the E4406A from mains

before cleaning. Use a dry cloth or one slightly dampened with water to clean the external case parts. Do not attempt to clean internally.

Explanation of Safety Symbols that are on the Instrument

The following list describes all safety symbols that are on the front and rear panels of the transmitter tester.

The instruction documentation symbol. The product is marked with this symbol when it is necessary for the user to refer to the instructions in the documentation.

This symbol is used to mark the ON position of the power line switch.

This symbol is used to mark the OFF position of the power line switch.

This symbol is used to mark the STANDBY position of the power line switch.

This symbol indicates that the input power required is AC.

This symbol is used to mark the STANDBY/OFF position of the power line switch.

This symbol is used to mark the On position of the power line switch.

48 Chapter 1

Getting Started

Safety Considerations

Safety Considerations for Service Personnel

NOTE No one other than qualified service personnel are allowed to remove

the cover of the instrument. The following warnings apply to service personnel. These warnings are found on the rear panel of the instrument.

To Remove Outer Cover, Remove Strap Handle, 4 Bottom Feet, and 4 Rear Feet.

To Remove CPU Assembly Unplug All Boards Connected to CPU. When Removing CPU Keep Perpendicular with Rear Panel

Chapter 1 49

Getting Started Safety Considerations

50 Chapter 1

2 Using System Features

System keys access features that are used with all modes, including alignment, configuring I/O, and file management.

Using System Features Using System Keys

Using System Keys

System features are accessed through the System front panel key. These are features that are not dependent on the currently selected application mode or the particular measurement being made. They apply to all modes and measurements.

System key also performs the LOCAL function. If the instrument

The was previously being controlled remotely by a computer, pressing the

System key will reactivate the front panel keys.

Print feature keys are accessed through the front panel Print Setup and Print keys, which are explained on page 63.

File feature keys are accessed through the File and Save menu keys,

which are explained on page 67.

Each description of a system feature begins with a table that shows the key path for all keys related to that feature.

NOTE Most of the system features are not affected by pressing the Preset key

or by cycling the instrument power. These features will retain the last value set by the user. Press

System, More, Restore Sys Defaults, Yes to

reset the System parameters back to the factory defaults.

Install and Uninstall

The Install and Uninstall keys, which enable you to install and remove measurement personalities, are described separately on page 36 of the Getting Started chapter.

52 Chapter 2

Key Locations

All system, service, and basic features can be located by using the key access table below. The key access path describes the key sequence you enter to access the particular key.

Some features can only be used when specific measurements are active. If a feature is not currently valid the key label for that feature will appear as lighter colored text, will be greyed-out, or will not be displayed at all.

Table 2-1 Key Access Locations

Key Key Access Path

10 MHz Out System/Reference/

50 MHz Amptd MODE/Service/

50 MHz Ref Input/Input Port/

Using System Features

Key Locations

ADC Dither Meas Setup/More(1 of 2)/Advanced/ More(1 of 2)/

ADC Range Meas Setup/More(1 of 2) / Advanced /

Note: This feature is used when measure is set to either spectrum or waveform.

Adjust Now System/Alignments/Align Subsystem/Align 50 MHz Reference/

Note: Requires Password

Advanced Meas Setup/More(1 of 2)

Align 50 MHz Reference

Align ADC System/Alignments/Align Subsystem/

Align All Now System/Alignments/

Align IF System/Alignments/Align Subsystem/

Align RF System/Alignments/Align Subsystem/

Alignments System/

Align Subsystems System/Alignments/

All View/Trace/Trace Display/

Alpha Editor The Alpha Editor is accessed by following the Menu Access

System/Alignments/Align Subsystem/ Note: Requires Password

Paths that accompany the following key entries: Choose Option, License Key, and Host Name.

AMPLITUDE/ Y Scale

Auto Meas Setup/More(1 of 2)/Advanced/ More (1 of 2)/Data Packing/

Front Panel

Chapter 2 53

Using System Features Key Locations

Table 2-1 Key Access Locations

Key Key Access Path

Auto Meas Setup/More(1 of 2)/ Advanced /ADC Range /

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform.

Auto Align System/Alignments/

AutoPeak Meas Setup/More(1 of 2)/ Advanced /ADC Range /

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform.

AutoPeakLock Meas Setup/More(1 of 2)/ Advanced /ADC Range /

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform.

Auto Trig Mode Setup/ Trigger/

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform.

Average View/Traces/ Display Traces/

Average Meas Setup/

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform.

Avg Mode Meas Setup/ Average/

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform.

Avg Number Meas Setup/Average/

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform.

Avg Trace Marker/More(1 of 2)/ Marker Trace/

Avg Type Meas Setup/ Average/

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform.

Band Power Marker/ Function/

Basic MODE/

Blackman Meas Setup/More(1 of 2)/ Advanced/ FFT Window/

Blackman- Harris Meas Setup/More(1 of 2) /Advanced / FFT Window/ More(1 of 2)/

BMP Print Setup/Print To: File/File Type

cdmaOne MODE/

Center Freq FREQUENCY/Channel/

Choose Option System/More(1 of 3)/More(2 of 3) /Install/

Choose Option System/More(1 of 3)/More(2 of 3) /Uninstall/

54 Chapter 2

Using System Features

Key Locations

Table 2-1 Key Access Locations

Key Key Access Path

Clear Error Queue(s) System/Show Errors/

Color Print Print Setup/Print To: Printer/Printer Type: Custom/Define

Custom/Color Printer: Yes

Color Printer Print Setup/Print To: Printer/Printer Type: Custom/Define

Custom

Comb Input/IF Align Signal/Signal Type/

Config I/OSystem/

Corrections System/Alignments/

Counts MODE/Basic, Meas Setup

Current View/Trace/ Trace Display/

Current Trace Marker/ More(1 of 2)/Marker Trace/

Custom Print Setup/Print To: Printer/Printer Type

CW Input/IF Align Signal/Signal Type/

Data Packing Meas Setup/More(1 of 2)/

Decimation Meas Setup/More(1 of 2)/ Advanced/More (1 of 2)/

Define Custom Print Setup/Print To: Printer

Delay Mode Setup/Trigger/Ext Front/

Delay Mode Setup/Trigger/Ext Rear/

Delay Mode Setup/Trigger/RF Burst/

Delay Mode Setup/Trigger/Video/

Delta Marker/

Diagnostics System/More (1 of 3)/

Note: Requires Password

Display Front Panel

Emulated GPIB Name System/Config I/O/ SICL Server

Emulated GPIB Logical Unit

System/Config I/O/ SICL Server

Emulated GPIB Address

Enter Front Panel

ESC Front Panel

System/Config I/O/ SICL Server

Chapter 2 55

Using System Features Key Locations

Table 2-1 Key Access Locations

Key Key Access Path

Exit Main Firmware System/ More (1 of 3)/More (2 of 3)/ Install/

Ext Front Mode Setup/ Trigger/

Ext Rear Mode Setup/ Trigger/

Fast ACP Mode/ACP/Meas Setup/More(1 of 2)/

FFT Length Meas Setup/More(1 of 2)/ Advanced/FFT Size/

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to spectrum.

FFT Size Meas Setup/ More(1 of 2)/ Advanced/

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to spectrum.

FFT Window Meas Setup/ More(1 of 2)/ Advanced/

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to spectrum.

File Front Panel

File System System/More(1 of 3)/ More(2 of 3)/

File Location Print Setup/Print to File

File Type Print Setup/Print to File

Flat Top Meas Setup/More(1 of 2)/ Advanced/ FFT Window/

Frame MODE/Basic, Meas Setup/Trig Source

Free Run Meas Setup//Trig Source/

FREQUENCY/ Channel

Freq Ref System/ Reference/

Front Panel Test MODE/Service/More(1 of 2)/

Function Marker/ More(1 of 2)/

Gaussian Meas Setup/More(1 of 2) /Advanced / FFT Window/

GIF Print Setup/Print To: File/File Type

GPIB Address System/Config I/O/

GSM MODE/

Hamming Meas Setup/More(1 of 2) /Advanced / FFT Window/

Front Panel

Hanning Meas Setup/More(1 of 2) Advanced / FFT Window/

Help Front Panel

Host Name System/Config I/O/

IF Align Input/ Input Port/

56 Chapter 2

Table 2-1 Key Access Locations

Key Key Access Path

IF Align Signal Input/

Image Print Setup/Print to File

Instrument Name System/Config I/O/ SICL Server

Using System Features

Key Locations

Instrument Logical Unit

Input Front Panel

Input Atten Input/

Input Port Input/

Install System/More(1 of 3)/ More(2 of 3)/

Install Now System/ More (1 of 3)/ More (2 of 3)/ Install/

IP Address System/Config I/O/

I/Q Input Z Input/

I/Q Waveform Marker/Trace/

System/Config I/O/ SICL Server

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform.

K-B 70 dB Meas Setup/More(1 of 2)/ Advanced / FFT Window/More(1 of 2)/

K-B 90 dB Meas Setup/More(1 of 2)/ Advanced / FFT Window/More(1 of 2)/

K-B 110 dB Meas Setup/More(1 of 2)/ Advanced / FFT Window/More(1 of 2)/

Landscape Print Setup/Print To: Printer/Printer Type: Custom/Orientation

Language Print Setup/Print To: Printer/Printer Type: Custom/Define

Custom

Length Ctrl Meas Setup/More(1 of 2)/ Advanced/FFT Size/

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to spectrum.

Level Mode Setup/Trigger/Ext Front/

Level Mode Setup/Trigger/Ext Rear/

License Key System/ More (1 of 3)/ More (2 of 3)/ Install/

Line Meas Setup/ Trig Source/

Load State File/

Local

(System) Note: Press the front panel System key to change from remote to

local control of the instrument

Log-Pwr Avg Meas Setup/Average/Avg Type/

Chapter 2 57

Using System Features Key Locations

Table 2-1 Key Access Locations

Key Key Access Path

Long Meas Setup/More(1 of 2)/

Advanced/ More (1 of 2)/ Data Packing/

Manual Meas Setup/More(1 of 2)/ Advanced /ADC Range/

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform.

Marker Front Panel

Maximum Connections

Mrkr All Off Marker/More(1 of 2)/

Maximum Meas Setup/ Average/ Avg Type/

Max Total Pwr Input/

Measure Front Panel

Meas BW MODE/Basic, Meas Setup

Meas Control Front Panel

Meas Interval MODE/Basic, Meas Setup

Meas Setup Front Panel

Medium Meas Setup/More(1 of 2)/Advanced/ More (1 of 2)/Data Packing/

Minimum Meas Setup/Average/ Avg Type/

Min Pnts/ RBW Meas Setup/More(1 of 2)/ Advanced/FFT Size/

System/Config I/O/ SICL Server

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to spectrum.

MODE Front Panel

Mode Setup Front Panel

Next Window Front Panel

Noise Marker/ Function/

Normal Marker/

Off Marker/

Orientation Print Setup/Print To: Printer

Pause Meas Control

PCL3 Print Setup/Print To: File/File Type

PCL5 Print Setup/Print To: File/File Type

Peak Level Mode Setup/ Trigger/ RF Burst/

58 Chapter 2

Table 2-1 Key Access Locations

Key Key Access Path

Power Stat CCDF MODE/Basic, Meas Setup

Using System Features

Key Locations

Portrait

Pre-ADC BPF Meas Setup/ More(1 of 2)/ Advanced/

Print Setup/Print To: Printer/Printer Type: Custom/Orientation

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform.

Pre-FFT BW Meas Setup/ More(1 of 2)/ Advanced/

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to spectrum.

Pre-FFT Fltr Meas Setup/ More(1 of 2)/ Advanced/

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to spectrum.

Print Front Panel

Printer Print Setup/

Printer Type Print Setup/Print To: Printer

Print Setup Front Panel

Prints/Page Print Setup/ Print To: Printer

Print To Print Setup/

Pulse Input/IF Align Signal/Signal Type/

Pwr Avg (RMS) Meas Setup/Average/Avg Type/

Pwr vs Time MODE/Service/

RBW Filter Meas Setup/ More(1 of 2)/ Advanced

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to spectrum.

Reference System/

Ref Position AMPLITUDE/Y Scale/ for spectrum or waveform - or -

SPAN/XScale/ for waveform.

Ref Values AMPLITUDE/Y Scale/ for spectrum or waveform - or -

SPAN/XScale/ for waveform.

Res BW Meas Setup/

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform.

Restart Front Panel

Restore Align Defaults System/Alignments/

Restore Meas Defaults

Restore Sys Defaults

Meas Setup/ More(1 of 2)

System/ More(1 of 3)/ More (2 of 3) /

Chapter 2 59

Using System Features Key Locations

Table 2-1 Key Access Locations

Key Key Access Path

Return Front Panel

RF Input/Input Port/

Align RF System/Alignments/Align Subsystem/

RF Burst Mode Setup/ Trigger/

RF Envelope View/Trace/

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to waveform.

RF Envelope Marker/Trace/

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to waveform.

RF Inp Level System/Alignments/Align Subsystem/ Align 50 MHz Reference/

Save Front Panel

Save State File/ or Save/

Scale Coupling AMPLITUDE/Y Scale/ for spectrum or waveform - or -

SPAN/XScale/ for waveform.

Scale/Div AMPLITUDE/Y Scale/ for spectrum or waveform - or -

SPAN/XScale/ for waveform.

SCPI LAN System/Config I/O/

Search Front Panel

Select Marker/

Sensors MODE/Service/

Server System/Config I/O/ SICL Server

Service MODE/

Service Password System/More(1 of 3)/Show System/

Shape Marker/More (1 of 2)/

Short Meas Setup/More(1 of 2)/ Advanced/More (1 of 2)/Data Packing/

Show Errors System/

Show System System/More(1 of 3)/

SICL Server System/Config I/O/

Signal Amptd Input/IF Align Signal/

Signal Rate Input/IF Align Signal/

Signal Type Input/IF Align Signal/

60 Chapter 2

Table 2-1 Key Access Locations

Key Key Access Path

Slope Mode Setup/Trigger/Ext Front

Slope Mode Setup/Trigger/Ext Rear/

Slope Mode Setup/Trigger/RF Burst/

Slope Mode Setup/Trigger/Video/

Socket Port System/Config I/O/ SCPI Lan

Span Meas Setup/

Using System Features

Key Locations

SPAN/ X Scale

Spectrum View/Trace/

Front Panel

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to spectrum.

Spectrum Marker/Trace/

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to spectrum.

Spectrum Avg Marker/Trace/

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to spectrum.

Spectrum (Freq Domain)

Store Abs Ampl to EEROM

Subnet Mask

Sweep Time Meas Setup/ Can be accessed when measure is set to waveform.

System Front Panel

Telnet P o rt System/Config I/O/ SCPI Lan

MODE/Service/

MODE/Basic/

System/Alignments/Align Subsystem/ Align 50 MHz Reference/

System/Config I/O

Timebase Freq MODE/Service/

Trace Marker/

Trace Display View/Trace/

Trigger Mode Setup/

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform.

Trig Holdoff Mode Setup/ Trigger/

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform.

Chapter 2 61

Using System Features Key Locations

Table 2-1 Key Access Locations

Key Key Access Path

Trig Source Meas Setup/

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform.

Uniform Meas Setup/More(1 of 2)/Advanced / FFT Window/

Uninstall System/ More (1 of 3)/ More (2 of 3)/

Uninstall Now System/ More (1 of 3)/ More (2 of 3)/ Uninstall/

Verbose System/Show Errors/

Video Mode Setup/ Trigger/

View/Trace Front Panel

Visible Align System/Alignments/

Voltage Avg Meas Setup/Average/ Avg Type/

Waveform (Time Domain)

WindowLength Meas Setup/More(1 of 2)/ Advanced/FFT Size/

MODE/Basic/

MODE/Service/

Note: This feature is used when measurement is set to spectrum.

WMF Print Setup/Print To: File/File Type

Zoom Front Panel

62 Chapter 2

Using System Features

Using Print and Print Setup Functions

Keys in the Print Setup menus enable you to print displayed screen images to a variety of printers, as a file in a variety of formats to the C: drive flash memory, or to the built-in floppy disk drive. The used to execute choices made in the

Print Setup menus.

Printing a Displayed Screen

1. Connect a compatible printer via the parallel port on the rear panel.

Print key is

2. Press

3. Press

4. Press Define Custom, then select a

Print Setup, then toggle the Print To key to select Printer.

Printer Type, then select Custom.

Language, either PCL3 or PCL5.

(In general, modern laser printers use PCL5 while inkjet printers use PCL3.)

5. Select Color Printer

Yes / No depending on the capability of the

printer.

6. If your printer uses PCL5 you can select Orientation, then Por trait or Landscape as appropriate. The orientation feature is unavailable with PCL3 printers, which always default to portrait orientation.

7. Toggle Color Print the

Color Printer key (see above) is set to Yes.

8. Toggle

Prints /Page (1 or 2) to select to print either one image (in

- On/Off to enable or disable color printing once

portrait orientation) covering half a page, or two images (in portrait orientation), each covering half the page.

9. Press the

Print key. A copy of the current display screen will be sent

to the printer according to the parameters set above.

10. If you want to reprint the most recently printed page, press Reprint.

11.If you want to eject a page from a compatible printer, toggle

More (1 of 2), then Eject Page.

12. If a printer failure occurs (for example, if the printer hangs up),

Reset Printer. It may also be necessary to cycle printer power.

press

Chapter 2 63

Using System Features Using Print and Print Setup Functions

The following table illustrates the Print Setup menu. Level 1 shows key choices available when the front panel key is pressed. Level 2 shows key choices available when

Print To is set to Printer and Level 1 keys are

pressed.

Front Panel Key Level 1 Level 2

Print Setup Print To with Printer

selected

Printer Type

Define Custom

Orientation

(Only active for PCL5 language; printers with PCL3 language default to portrait orientation)

Color Print

when

Yes- see above.)

Prints/Page 1 / 2

More (1 of 2)

Reprint

(Only active

Color Print is set to

(Only active

after initial printing.)

Eject Page

None

Custom

Language PCL3/PCL5

Color Printer Yes/No

Portrait

Landscape

On/Off

Reset Printer

More (2 of 2)

64 Chapter 2

Using System Features

Using Print and Print Setup Functions

Printing a Screen Image to a File on A: or C: Drives

1. Press Print Setup, Print To. Toggle the Print To key to select File.

2. Press the

File Type key, then select between gif, bmp, and wmf

formats.

3. To print a file to the floppy drive, toggle the

File Location key to A: and

insert a 3.5” HD floppy disc, formatted for MS-DOS, into the front panel disk drive.

To print a file to the internal flash memory, toggle the File Location key to

4. Select the Image format to be stored on the disk. Use

C:.

Normal to store

an image that is identical to the currently displayed image, with a black background. Use Invert, which provides a a light background with a dark trace, to minimize ink and toner consumption.

5. Press HCOPy Dest, then select

Printer. This enables you to generate

up to six files containing screen images.

Note: if

HCOPy Dest is set to FPanel only one file can be saved to

memory or a floppy disk. Any subsequent screen files will overwrite the file currently saved in the A: or C: drives. For these reasons, Printer is usually the preferred selection.

6. Press the front panel

PRINT key. If you have set HCOPy to Printer, six

filenames will appear in the softkeys: screen1.xxx, screen2.xxx, screen3.xxx, screen4.xxx, screen5.xxx, and screen6.xxx (the xxx extension will be gif, bmp, or wmf, depending on the file type selected

File Type). The destination drive name will also be displayed.

Press the appropriate screen#.xxx key. Files written to the A: drive will be located at A: be accessed by the following path:

screen#.xxx. Files written to the C: drive may

/users/ftp/pub/screen#.xxx.

Six files may be stored at the same time to either location. Any subsequent files stored to the same filename will overwrite the existing file

7. The disk may be removed from the A: drive once the LED on the disk drive is off. Any files you have saved are now available to be printed through use of an external computer and printer, or to be imported into an electronic document.

Files located on the C: drive may be retrieved over the LAN by

ftp

with the use of an external computer.

Chapter 2 65

Using System Features Using Print and Print Setup Functions

The following table illustrates the keys used and key choices available to print a screen image to either the A: internal floppy disk drive or the internal C: drive flash memory. Level 1 shows key choices available when the front panel key is pressed. Level 2 shows key choices available when

Print To is set to File and Level 1 keys are pressed.

Front Panel Key Level 1 Level 2

Print Setup Print To with File

selected

File Type GIF

BMP

WMF

File Location A:/C:

Image Invert/Normal

HCOPy Dest FPanel/Printer

(the six screen files shown below are available only when

HCOPy Dest is set to Printer.)

screen1.xxx (xxx

depends on

screen2.xxx

screen3.xxx

screen4.xxx

screen5.xxx

screen6.xxx

File Type)

= Print to Key

Printer

66 Chapter 2

Using System Features

Using File and Save Keys

The File and Save keys enable you to save instrument states to memory and to load instrument states into the instrument from memory. For instructions on how to save a screen image to a floppy disc, see Saving a Screen Image to a Floppy Disc on page 63.

Front Panel Key Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

File Load State numeric entry Enter

Save

Save State

numeric entry Enter

Loading a State

1. Press File, Load State. A label in the active function area will read

Load State.

2. Use the numeric keypad to enter the number of the register from which you desire to retrieve a state (you can retrieve states from registers 0 to 19), then press the

Enter key.

Saving a State

1. Press File, Save State or press the front panel Save key. An active function labeled

2. Use the numeric keypad to enter the desired state number (you can enter values from 0 to 19), then press the

Save State will appear.

Enter key.

Chapter 2 67

Using System Features Using File and Save Keys

Using the Alpha Editor Keys

The alpha editor enables you to enter text. All text entries are displayed in the active function area.

Level 1Level 2Level 3Example

ABCDEFG abcdefg ():;,’ V

HIJKLMN hijklmn _!? ~ W

OPQRSTU opqrstu + - * / <> = X

VWXYZ vwxyz |/\{} [] Y

Done Done @ # $% ^ & Z

Space Space Space

More (1 of 3) More (2 of 3) More (3 of 3)

1. Pressing a key that requires you to enter a string gives you access to the alpha editor. of those keys. When one of these keys is pressed, you will see the menu which is shown in level 1 of the table above.

Choose Option, License Key, and Host Name are some

2. To enter an upper case letter, press the key which contains the letter you wish to select. In the example table above, pressing you select the key labelled upper case the active function area. Press letters and

More (2 of 3) to access mathematical symbols and

More (1 of 3) to access the lower case

Y. The Y will then appear in

VWXYZ lets

punctuation marks.

3. To enter a digit, 0 through 9, use the numeric keypad.

4. To enter a space, press the

Space key, which is available on both the

letters and the symbols Alpha Editor menus.

5. Press the

Return front panel key to return to the previous menu

without entering characters.

6. If you need to correct a character you have entered, you can use the backspace key to move the cursor in the active function area to the character you need to correct.

7. Once you have completed entering all characters, press the

8. Pressing the

ESC key at any time prior to pressing the Done key will

Done key.

clear the new entry and leave the previous entry unchanged.

68 Chapter 2

Using System Features

Using Input/Output Configuration Keys

There are several keys available to help configure the instrument front panel and rear panel inputs/outputs. These include the various buses, external reference, and other types of I/O.

Configuring I/O

Press System, Config I/O to access keys and menus that enable you to identify and change the current GPIB address, to identify and change various LAN settings.

Front Panel Key Level 1 Level 2 Level 3/Entry

System Config I/O GPIB Address

IP Address

Host Name Alpha Editor

Subnet Mask

SCPI LAN Telnet Port

Socket Port

SICL Server Server

Maximum Connections

Instrument Name

Instrument Logical Unit

Emulated GPIB Name

Emulated GPIB Logical Unit

Emulated GPIB Address

Ethernet Addr

• GPIB Address - Shows the current GPIB address (18 is the default setting) and allows you to change this value. The new value is displayed in the active function area. The GPIB port is always active.

Chapter 2 69

Using System Features Using Input/Output Configuration Keys

• IP Address - Changes the IP (internet protocol) address, domain name and node (host) name for the instrument. The IP address of the instrument can be changed by entering a numeric address composed of numbers and decimal points.

• Host Name - Displays the host name of the instrument. Pressing the key activates the alpha editor, which enables you to change the host name. However, this will not change your LAN system representation of the host name. You must work through your local system administrator to change the host name. Changing it in the instrument only changes the displayed information, it will not enable LAN access with the new name.

• Subnet Mask - Changes the subnet mask of the instrument. The subnet mask is a 32-bit address mask used in IP networks to indicate the bits of an IP address that are used for the subnet address. The default address is 255.255.0.0 for a class B network.

• SCPI LAN - Accesses the following keys:

Telnet Port - Turns on or off telnet programming over the LAN.

This key only affects new connections, not existing connections. Enter the port number that you will use for your telnet connection to the transmitter tester. The default port number is

5023.

Socket Port - Turns on or off socket programming over the LAN. This key only affects new connections, not existing connections. Enter the port number that you will use for your socket connection to the transmitter tester. The default port number is

5025.

• SICL Server - Accesses the following keys. These keys are provided for information only. The “value” of the settings cannot be changed.

Server - Indicates the on/off condition of the SICL IEEE 488.2 protocol LAN server.

Maximum Connections - Shows you the maximum number of connections that can be accessed simultaneously. The default is 5.

Instrument Name - Shows you the name (same as the remote SICL address) of your transmitter tester. The default is

inst0.

Instrument Logical Unit - Shows you the unique integer assigned to your transmitter tester when using SICL LAN. The default is 8.

Emulated GPIB Name - Shows you the name (same as the remote SICL address) of the device used when communicating with your transmitter tester. The default is

gpib7.

Emulated GPIB Logical Unit - Shows you the unique integer assigned to your device when it is being controlled using SICL LAN. The default is 8.

70 Chapter 2

Using System Features

Using Input/Output Configuration Keys

Emulated GPIB Address - Shows you the emulated GPIB address assigned to your transmitter tester when it is a SICL server. This address is set using the

GPIB Address key.

Ethernet Addr - Shows the Ethernet address. This is an information only feature that can not be modified by the user.

NOTE For more information about these and other remote programming

features, refer to the programmer’s guide for your transmitter tester.

File System

Press System, More (1 of 3), More (2 of 3) to access the File System key. The label of the

Free memory in units of megabyte (MB).

and

File System key shows the current amount of Used memory

Reference

Press the Reference menu key to activate a menu which allows you to select an external reference, or to deactivate a 10 MHz out signal on the rear panel.

Front Panel Key

System Reference Freq Ref Int/Ext When toggled

Level 1 Level 2 Toggle Entry

to Ext, enter any value between 1 and 30 MHz

10 MHz Out Off/On

• Freq Ref - Allows you to select an external or an internal (the default) reference. When toggled to Ext (external) you will set the external reference frequency by entering a value between 1 and 30 MHz. When the instrument is locked to an external reference a green Ext Ref indicator will appear in the annunciator bar.

NOTE External reference values are persistent. This means that the external

reference frequency you select will remain active until it is changed, even if the instrument is turned off and on, or preset. If the frequency you have input to the rear panel external frequency connector is not the same as the external frequency value you have manually set, a red Ext Ref error indicator and a red Unlock error indicator will appear in the annunciator bar.

Chapter 2 71

Using System Features Using Input/Output Configuration Keys

• 10 MHz Out - Activates, or deactivates, the 10 MHz out signal on the rear panel of the instrument. The 10 MHz out can be used to lock other test equipment to the same frequency reference that is used by the transmitter tester. Once activated, the 10 MHz out feature is persistent, so if it is set to On it will remain on, even if the instrument has been preset, or powered off and then on.

72 Chapter 2

Using System Features

Using System Configuration and Alignment Keys

There are number of different keys that can help you with understanding the current instrument configuration and for hardware alignment.

NOTE Some features are intended for use only by service personnel and

cannot be accessed without a service password. If after pressing a key a message appears requesting entry of a password, you should understand this to indicate that this feature is meant for service use only. The password is not available unless the user has purchased the service guide.

Restore System Defaults

Press System, More (1 of 3), More (2 of 3) to access the Restore Sys Defaults key. There are some instrument functions that stay set to the last value that you selected even if you press the instrument preset key or turn the power off and on. The those functions back to the original factory settings.

Restore Sys Defaults key allows you to preset

NOTE Pressing this key will preset functions like the GPIB/IP address,

external reference/trigger settings and auto-alignment selection. You will have to reset these items to return to the your previous setup.

Show Errors

Press System, Show Errors to activate a menu with features that enable you to move around in the error history queue, and to clear the error queue.

Front Panel Key Level 1 Level 2

System Show Errors Top Page

Last Page

Clear Error Queue(s

Verbose

)

Chapter 2 73

Using System Features Using System Configuration and Alignment Keys

• Clear Error Queue(s) - The error history queue retains and displays all errors once they have been detected, even if they are no longer detected after a period of time has elapsed. After reviewing the error queue you will likely want to clear it before making another measurement. Note that if an error condition exists continuously, the error will not appear in the queue after the error history queue has been cleared.

• Verbo s e - When an error is made in using the instruments programming commands, the verbose feature displays the command in which an error has been detected. An error indicator will appear in the diaplayed command line immediately following the entry that caused the error. This feature can help you troubleshoot programming problems.

You can exit the error history queue display to return to a measurement display by pressing the

ESC or the Return key.

Show System

Press System, More (1 of 3), Show System to access the two-page show system display. The first page shows firmware and option information (see Figure 2-1). Press

More (2 of 3) to access the second page, which

shows option and hardware status information (see Figure 2-2).

Under the

Show System menu is a key that enables you to enter a

password, and four information-only keys, in a lighter font, that show the serial number, model designation, firmware revision, and host ID for your instrument.

NOTE Diagnostics features require a service password. The password is only

available if the service guide has been purchased. All service diagnostic features are described in the service guide.

Front Panel Key Level 1 Level 2

System Show System Service Password

Model

Serial Number

Firmware Rev

Host ID

Diagnostics

74 Chapter 2

Using System Configuration and Alignment Keys

The display lists all the measurement options/modes available at the time the firmware was installed or upgraded. It shows whether or not the code for each option is currently installed in memory. It may not be possible to fit all the options into your available memory. Hardware information includes the name of boards along with part, serial number, and revision information.

The display also indicates whether you have the license key installed that gives you access to a particular option/mode. It is possible to have the license key installed but not have the program code, or to have the program code with no license key. Either situation will prevent the option from running.

Show System Displays

Figure 2-1 Firmware and Option Information (first page)

Using System Features

Chapter 2 75

Using System Features Using System Configuration and Alignment Keys

Figure 2-2 Option and Hardware Information (second page)

System (Local)

Pressing the System front panel key will return the instrument to local control if the instrument was in remote mode being controlled by an external computer.

76 Chapter 2

Using System Features

Using System Configuration and Alignment Keys

Alignment

Press System, Alignments to access menus which enable you to align the instrument. Press the ESC key to stop any alignment. The table below diagrams the paths through which you will access alignment feature keys. The feature in the cell that is greyed-out requires a

password.

Front Panel Key

System Alignments Auto Align On/Alert/Off

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

Align All Now

Align Subsystems Align RF

Align IF

Align ADC

Align 50 MHz Reference

Align Current IF Flatness

Align Current Sysgain

Corrections

Time Corr Auto/On/Off

Restore AlignDefaults

On/Off

Visible Align

Off/Low/High

Auto Align - Defaults to the alert state. When set to Alert, the auto align feature causes a message to appear 24 hours after the last alignment to alert tell you that the instrument needs to be aligned. This message will also appear if there is a change of ambient temperature greater than

± 3° C. Use the Align All Now key.

When set to the On state an alignment (which slows down measurements) automatically occurs every 5 minutes or when a change in ambient temperature of greater than

± 3° C has occurred.

• Align All Now - Immediately activates an alignment on all of the

instrument’s standard RF, IF, and ADC alignments. All other operations are stopped and the alignments progress will be visible on the display.

Chapter 2 77

Using System Features Using System Configuration and Alignment Keys

Align Subsystem - Allows you to activate one or a group of the standard internal instrument alignments. Perform alignments on circuitry relating to the following internal alignments. Press the key to cause any alignment to stop.

Align RF - Activates an alignment on the RF circuitry.

Align IF - Activates an alignment on the IF circuitry. The main

gain of the Analog IF is used to compensate for prefilter BW gain variations so the gain of the entire IF path before the A/D remains constant.

Align ADC - Activates an alignment on the ADC circuitry.

Align 50 MHz Reference - Enables a service technician to

adjust the amplitude of the internal 50 MHz reference signal for absolute amplitude accuracy. The test equipment and the adjustment procedure required are described in the E4406A service guide.

ESC

NOTE The Align 50 MHz reference feature can only be activated if you have a

service password. The password is not available unless the user has purchased the service guide.

Align Current IF Flatness - Activates an immediate measurement of the current IF flatness, for FFT spectral amplitude compensation. Normally this alignment occurs in the background when the instrument bandwidth is changed. Given the current BW and Gain DAC settings for a measurement, alignment is done using the comb calibration signal. The relative amplitude of combs within the BW are compared to expected amplitudes to generate the effective shape of the current IF path.

If Time Corrections are active, this alignment generates complex IF responses (magnitude and phase) rather than just the original scalar (magnitude) response. The complex alignment requires reasonable delay estimation, and improved trigger compensation so the phase response of several averaged measurements can be unwrapped properly.

Align Current SysGain - Activates a fine-tuning adjustment of the system gain. This is done by measuring the response of the current system state configuration to the 50 MHz amplitude reference signal. All subsequent measurements are then compensated appropriately for absolute amplitude accuracy. Normally this occurs in the background when the instrument bandwidth is changed.

78 Chapter 2

Using System Features

Using System Configuration and Alignment Keys

• Corrections - When set to On (the default state), the alignment firmware applies many numerical corrections to improve amplitude accuracy of the measurement. This includes an absolute amplitude adjustment at center frequency, and IF flatness correction for FFT spans (spectral measurements). When corrections are Off, the background alignments which determine corrections are disabled. Corrections is a background feature which runs automatically, while the instrument is on.

• Time Corr - Time corrections are the application of a complex filter directly onto the time capture data. It compensates for the complex (magnitude and phase) response of the analog and digital IF hardware. Time corrections are less efficient (take more CPU cycles) than frequency corrections when only scalar (magnitude) FFT flatness is required, but for demod or other time-based (not FFT) measurements, only time corrections can improve the flatness of imperfect IF hardware. If the time correction functionality is set to Auto (the default), the individual measurements activate the corrections when they are needed.

• Restore Align Defaults - Restores the instrument’s align defaults. This feature will only be needed if the instrument calibration locks up, which may occur as a result of hardware problems. Once the defaults are restored a message will appear informing you that alignment is needed.

• Visible Align

- When toggled to Off, the alignment traces which are

visible in the display during an alignment will be turned off, and the alignment process will take less time. When set to High, every alignment trace is shown, resulting in the alignment taking more time than when

Visible Align is set to Low (the default state), where

one out of ten traces is shown. Note that text showing alignment results is displayed on screen when any alignment is activated, even when the visible alignment is set to Off.

Chapter 2 79

Using System Features Using System Configuration and Alignment Keys

80 Chapter 2

3 Setting the Mode

A set of mode parameters such as input and trigger settings applies to each mode. These settings affect all measurements and measurement setup parameters in the current mode.

Setting the Mode Selecting a Mode

Selecting a Mode

The Mode menu key is used to select the measurement personality you have purchased with your instrument, or to select the basic or service modes, which are native to the instrument. Upon turn-on the instrument will default to the basic mode.

• Mode - Accesses the measurement personality mode. Press the key that corresponds to the mode you want to select, such as GSM or cdmaOne. For a full explanation of the personality mode you have purchased, see the documentation which comes with that option.

• Basic - This mode is useful for making measurements that are not preset to industry standards. They can be used for troubleshooting your devices. Press up the measurements menu. For more information on these measurements go to “Basic Measurements” on page 88.

• Service These features will help you check the functionality of your instrument. Press bring up the service measurements menu. Features accessed through this menu include tests which check the timebase frequency, the sensors on the RF board, and the functionality of the front panel keys. For more information on these features go to “Service

Measurements” on page 141.

Mode, Basic to switch to the basic mode, and bring

Mode, Service, to switch to the service mode, and

The basic waveform and spectrum measurements are available as well as a power vs time measurement which is used only for self-diagnostic purposes. The measurement setup parameters that you select while in Service mode are only used for service mode. The Basic mode settings are independent. Descriptions of the spectrum and waveform measurements begin on page 97.

Note that spectrum and waveform measurements are available in each personality mode, as well as in the basic and service modes. Each with their own independent mode settings.

Press

Preset to set the instrument to a known factory default state. This

sets all parameters to their factory default values for the selected mode.

Preset does not switch the modes.

NOTE Some features are intended for use only by service personnel and

cannot be accessed without a password. If after pressing a key, a message appears requesting entry of a password, this means that the feature is meant for service use only. The password is only available through the service guide.

82 Chapter 3

Setting the Mode

Mode Setup

When you select a mode the instrument automatically presets settings to defaults for that mode. These defaults apply to all measurements in the mode.

Mode settings are persistent. When you switch from one mode to another mode, the settings you have chosen for the modes will remain active until you change them. This allows you to switch back and forth between modes without having to reset settings each time. Presetting the instrument will return all current mode settings to their default values. Powering the instrument off and on will reset all mode settings to their default values.

NOTE Before making measurements, it is important to set the parameters

under the mode setup key for the device to be tested. These parameters are not saved when you preset or power the instrument off and on, so you may want to save them in an instrument state for later use.

The

Mode Setup key accesses: (1) the Input key menu of features

including selecting inputs, changing input attenuation, and modifying IF align settings, and (2) the

Trig g er key menu which lets you to choose

trigger setup states for the instrument.

Input Keys

By pressing the Input key you access menus that select an input port, adjust input attenuation, and adjust the IF align signal.

Activate an Input Port and Adjust Input Power

• Input Port key. The allows you to select one of the following input keys:

IF Align. These keys are explained below.

and

RF key. Use the different input has been activated. This is a 50

50 MHz Ref key. Selects the internal 50 MHz CW reference signal. The displayed signal amplitude will be

IF Align key. The IF align signal is an internal calibration signal used during the auto align process.

Input Port menu key accesses a menu which

RF, 50 MHz Ref,

RF key to reactivate the RF input after a

Ω connector.

−25 dBm.

Chapter 3 83

Setting the Mode Mode Setup

Adjust Input Attenuation and Input Power.

• Max Total Pwr key. The when

Input Port is set to RF. Max Total Pwr allows you to enter

maximum power levels (

Max Total Pwr key can be activated only

−15 dBm is the default value) for the RF

input. The maximum total power setting is coupled to the input attenuation setting.

I/Q Input Z key. The I/Q Input Z key can be activated only when Input Port

•

is set to impedance of either 50

I/Q. The I/Q Input Z key enables you to choose an input

Ω or 600 Ω. An input impedance of 600 Ω may

be needed for certain telecommunications applications.

• Input Atten key. The

Port is set to RF. The Input Atten feature allows you to enter the

Input Atten feature can be activated only when

attenuation value. The input attenuation can be set at values from 0 to 40 dB in increments of 1 dB. The input attenuation setting is coupled to the maximum total power setting.

NOTE The Max Total Pwr and Input Atten settings are coupled together. When you

switch to a different measurement, the but the

Input Atten may change if the two measurements have different

Max Total Pwr is kept constant,

mixer margins. Thus, you can directly set the transmitter tester input attenuation, or you can set it indirectly by specifying the maximum expected power at the UUT (Max Total Pwr setting).

Adjust the IF Align Signal.

NOTE The IF align signal adjustments are advanced features. IF align rate,

amplitude and type should not be modified unless you are familiar with IF align functionality.

•

Signal Rate. The signal is modulated by a digital sequence that can be

set to 1 of 13 positions (rate 0 through 12) to cause the comb spacing (or pulse timing) of the alignment signal to widen or narrow. At the position of 1 the signal rate is set at its maximum value of 234.375 kHz. This frequency rate value will appear in the softkey label. Each time the position integer is incremented, the signal rate is halved. For example, at a position of 2 the signal rate is 117.188 kHz.

• Signal Amptd key. To modify the signal amplitude you will enter a DAC value between 0 - 4095. The amplitude range is 0 to 50 dB. Incrementing the DAC value increases the amplitude of the signal in a linear fashion, and will be visible on screen. The default DAC value is 500.

• Signal Type key. This menu allows you to select a CW (a tone that appears in the center of the IF), comb, or pulse type signal as the IF align signal.

84 Chapter 3

Setting the Mode

Mode Setup

Trigger Keys

The Trigger key accesses the mode setup menu for the following trigger sources. See See “Trigger Source” on page 92. for a description of trigger sources including:

• RF Burst (Wideband)

• Video (IF Envlp)

Ext Front

•

• Ext Rear

Pressing one of the trigger source keys will access the mode setup menu. This menu is used to set the trigger source. Note that the actual trigger source is selected separately for each measurement (under the

• Delay key. This key is used to set the delay time for trigger sources. For trigger delay use positive values. For pre-trigger delay use negative values. The range of the trigger delay is +500 ms.

Delay, Level, and Slope for each

Meas Setup key).

−500 ms to

• Level key. For the the peak level of the RF signal (for the

RF Burst (Wideband) selection the level is relative to

RF Burst trigger you will enter

a peak level value with a key labelled Peak Level, rather than

Level). For the Video selection the level is the value, in dBm at the RF

input, that will cause the trigger. For the selections, the level range is

−5 to +5 volts.

Ext Front and Ext Rear

• Slope key. This key allows you to trigger off of the positive-going edge (Pos) or the negative-going edge (

Neg) of the trigger source

signal.

Other keys accessed under the

Trig g er key:

• Trig Holdoff key. Sets the period of time before the next trigger can occur.

• Auto Trig key. Acts as a trigger timeout. If no trigger occurs by the specified time, a trigger is automatically generated. When set to On the instrument will take data when it receives a signal from the current trigger source; if no signal is received in the expected time period, the time period will default to the Free Run trigger default time period. When set to Off (the default setting) data will only be taken if a trigger has been set, and the Free Run trigger will not be automatically activated.

Chapter 3 85

Setting the Mode Mode Setup

• Frame Timer key. The frame timer feature uses the internal frame clock to generate a trigger signal.

— Period key. Sets the period of the frame clock. Values between

33 ns and 559 ms can be entered.

— Offset key. Allows entry of offset values between 33 ns and 10 s.

— Reset Offset Display key. Resets the display of the

Offset key to

0s.

Sync Source menu key. See keys listed below.

—

• Sync Source key menu.

— Off key. Deactivates any sync source trigger that has been

selected and returns you to the frame timer menu.

— Ext Front key. Synchronizes the measurement to an external

sync source, such as a frame clock signal.

— Ext Rear key. Synchronizes the measurement to an external

sync source, such as a frame clock signal.

Selecting the Frequency/Channel

Use the FREQUENCY/Channel front panel key to set the center frequency or select the channel for the measurement you want to make.

86 Chapter 3

4 Making Measurements

This chapter describes measurements that are available in the Basic and Service modes. Basic mode measurements are common to many modulation formats. Service mode measurements are used to check the functionality of the instrument.

Making Measurements Basic Measurements

Basic Measurements

Basic measurements are useful for making measurements that are not specified in measurement standards, and will be useful if you need to troubleshoot a measurement operation. In addition, having spectrum and waveform measurements available independently of personality modes provides extra flexibility.

To access the Basic mode press the

Mode key and select the Basic

softkey. The following measurements are then available by pressing the

Measure key:

“Making the Spectrum (Frequency Domain) Measurement” on page 97.

“Making the Waveform (Time Domain) Measurement” on page 110.

“Making the Adjacent Channel Power (ACP) Measurement” on

page 122.

“Making the Channel Power Measurement” on page 131.

“Making the Power Stat CCDF Measurement” on page 136.

When you press the key to select the measurement it will become the active measurement, using settings and a display unique to that measurement. Data acquisitions will automatically begin provided trigger requirements, if any, are met.

88 Chapter 4

Making Measurements

Preparing for Measurements

If you want to set the Basic mode to a known, factory default state,

Preset. This will preset the mode setup and all of the

press measurements to the factory default parameters.

NOTE Pressing the Preset key does not switch instrument modes.

To preset only the settings that are specific to a specific measurement, select the measurement and press

Defaults

. This will set the measure setup parameters to the factory

defaults for the currently selected measurement only.

Initial Setup

Before making a measurement, make sure the mode setup and frequency/channel parameters are set to the desired settings. Refer to the sections “Mode Setup” and “Selecting the Frequency/Channel” in the previous chapter.

Meas Setup, More, Restore Meas

How to Make a Measurement

The following table summarizes the steps you will follow in making a measurement:

Step Primary Key Setup Keys Related Keys

1. Select & setup a mode

2. Select & setup a measurement

3. Select & setup view

Using Measure Keys

The MEASURE front panel key allows you to activate one measurement from those available in the current mode. The measurements that are available will vary depending on which mode you have selected. It may be a measurement personality mode, the basic mode, or the service mode.

Mode Mode Setup, Input, Frequency

Channel

Measure Meas Setup Meas Control,

View/Trace Span X Scale,

Amplitude Y Scale Next Window, Zoom

, Display,

System

Restart

File

, Save,

Print, Print Setup, Marker, Search

Chapter 4 89

Making Measurements Preparing for Measurements

Measurement Control

Following your selection of the instrument mode and mode setup you will use keys in the running of the current measurement.

Measure - Toggles between Single and Cont (for continuous)

•

measurement states. When set to Single the measurement will continue until it has reached the specified number of averages set by the average counter. When set to Cont the measurement will run continuously, and perform averaging according to the current average type (repeat or exponential). The default is continuous. See

page 90 for an explanation of averaging.

Pause - Pauses the current measurement. Once toggled, the label of

•

Pause key changes to read Resume. Measurement settings can be

the change while it is paused. The Resume key continues the active measurement from the point at which it was paused.

Restart re-initiates the current measurement from the beginning

•

(including averaging), without changing the current measurement settings. If the measurement is paused, then restart is the same as resuming from the beginning of the measurement instead of from the point at which it was paused.

Meas Control keys to control processes that affect the

Measurement Setup

The Meas Setup key accesses features that enable you to adjust parameters of the current measurement, such as resolution bandwidth. You will also use the Advanced measure setup feature menus.

The following features can be used with many measurements:

• Res BW - Changes the resolution bandwidth of a given measurement. Selection of a narrower bandwidth will result in a longer data acquisition time.

• Restore Meas Defaults - Presets only the settings that are specific to the selected measurement. This will set the measure setup parameters to the factory defaults, only for the currently selected measurement.

Averaging

Features in the Average menu allow you to modify the number, average mode, and type of averaging you use for the currently selected measurement. The features available for averaging will vary slightly depending on the measurement that is currently active. On the display averaged trace results are shown in blue, while the instantaneous signal is shown in yellow.

Meas Setup menu to access Average, Trig Source, and

90 Chapter 4

Making Measurements

Preparing for Measurements

• Avg Number - Modifies the number of times the current measurement will be repeated with the results from the repeated measurements averaged. Increased averages usually give more accurate results. There will be an increase in the time taken to make a measurement if the number of averages is increased.

• Avg Mode - Selects between an

Exp (exponential) or a Repeat mode

of averaging. This selection only affects the averaging after the number of N averages is reached (set using

Avg Number). Normal

(linear) averaging is always used until the specified number of N averages is reached. When are stopped when the number of averages is reached. Therefore

Mode

has no effect on single measurements.

Exponential averaging: When

Measure is set to Single, data acquisitions

Avg

Measure is set at Cont (continuous)

data acquisitions will continue indefinitely. After N averages, exponential averaging is used with a weighting factor of N (the displayed average count stops at N). Exponential averaging weights new data more than old data, which facilitates tracking of slow-changing signals. The value of N is set through use of the

Average key or the Avg Bursts key.

Repeat averaging: When

Measure is set at Cont, data acquisitions

will continue indefinitely. After N averages is reached, all previous result data is cleared and the average count is set back to 1. This is equivalent to pressing pressing the

Restart key each time the single measurement

Measure, Single and then

finishes.

• Avg Type - Allows you to select type of averaging. Only the types of averaging that are appropriate for the current measurement are available in that measurement. The following average types are available:

Pwr Avg - Averages the power, which is equivalent to the rms of the voltage. This is the default type of averaging.

Log-Pwr Avg - The log of the power is averaged. This is also known as video averaging.

Voltage Avg - The voltage is averaged.

Maximum - The maximum values are retained.

Minimum - The minimum values are retained.

Chapter 4 91

Making Measurements Preparing for Measurements

Trigger Source

Changing the

Trig S ource alters the trigger source for the current

measurement only. Not all of the selections are available for all measurements. Note that the menu keys found in the

RF Burst, Video, Ext Front, and Ext Rear

Trigger menu enable you to change settings to

modify the delay, level, and slope for each of these trigger sources (as described on page 85. Choose one of the following trigger sources:

• Free Run - Triggers at the time the data is requested, completely asynchronous to the RF or IF signals.

Video - Is an internal IF envelope trigger. It triggers on an absolute

•

threshold level of the signal passed by the IF.

RF Burst - Is an internal wideband RF burst trigger that has an

•

automatic level control for burst signals.

Ext Front - Activates the front panel Ext Trigger Input. The external

•

trigger must be a signal between

Ext Rear - Activates the rear panel Trigger In. The external trigger

•

must be a signal between

−5 and +5 volts.

• Frame - Uses the internal frame clock to generate a trigger signal. The clock parameters are controlled under the

Mode Setup key or the

measurement firmware, not both. See the specific measurement for details.

• Line - Activates an internal line trigger. Sweep triggers occur at intervals synchronized to the line frequency.

Rear panel

TRIGGER 1 OUT and TRIGGER 2 OUT connectors are coupled

to the selected trigger source. These trigger outputs are always on the rising edge with a pulse width of at least 1

µs.

92 Chapter 4

Making Measurements

Preparing for Measurements

Changing the View

The following keys enable you to select the desired view of the measurement and to change scale parameters for the graphic window.

View/Trace - Selects a predefined view of the current measurement and

highlights the selected window. Once a window is selected, the X and Y scale keys can be used to modify scale parameters. The types of windows, and X and Y scale parameters that are available will vary, depending on the measurement you have activated.

• Typical Measurement Windows

Spectrum window - Select this window if you want to view a

signal in parameters of frequency and power. Changes to frequency span or power will sometimes affect data acquisition. For more details see the section on spectrum measurements.

Signal Envelope window - Select this window to view a signal in parameters of time and power. For more detail see the section on waveform measurements. Both RF and BbIQ signals can be viewed in this window.

I/Q Waveform window - Select this window to view the I and Q signal characteristics of the current measurement in parameters of voltage and time. This window is in both the spectrum and waveform measurements.

Press or

View/Trace, Spectrum, to view a spectrum measurement window,

View/Trace, Waveform to view a waveform measurement window.

• Trace Display

All - Displays both the current and the average trace.

Average - Displays only the average trace. The average trace is

shown in blue.

Current - Displays only the trace for the latest data acquisition. The current trace is shown in yellow.

• Span / X Scale Keys

Span key. This key allows you to modify the frequency span.

Changes in span may affect data acquisition.

Scale/Div key. This key allows you to modify the X scale parameter in units of time.

Sweep Time key. This key allows you to modify sweep time. Changes in sweep time will affect data acquisition.

Ref Value key. This key allows you to set the value of the reference level for X scale display in units of time.

Ref Position key. This key allows you to place the current

Chapter 4 93

Making Measurements Preparing for Measurements

reference level on the left, the center, or the right of the display. This is used for X scale display either in units of frequency or time.

Scale/Coupling key. This key couples the scale/division to the sweep time for measurements made in the time domain.

• Amplitude / Y Scale Keys

Scale/Div key. This key enables you to set the dB/Division (for the

Spectrum and the RF Envelope windows) or V/Division (for the I/Q window).

Ref Value key. This key allows you to set the value of the reference,

in units of dB (for the RF Envelope window), or in units of mV (for the I/Q window).

Ref Position key. This key allows you to move the current reference

level to the top, center, or bottom of the display.

94 Chapter 4

Making Measurements

Preparing for Measurements

Using Markers

Markers enable you to make measurements on screen. Keys in the

Marker menu control the number and types of markers you can access. Tra ce keys allow you to select the trace on which you will activate a

marker. The search and activate a marker at the peak signal.

Paths to access any of the features listed below will be found next to the specific key listed in the key access table which begins on page 53.

Trace

The Trace keys allow you to select the trace that will be used for the other marker keys. You can then use marker features to obtain the results you desire. To access

NOTE The selections in the Trace menu include traces on all windows for the

current measurement, including windows that are not currently displayed.

Search key enables you to perform an immediate peak

Tra ce keys press Marker, Trace.

When making waveform measurements you can activate the following trace keys:

When making spectrum measurements you can activate:

Spectrum Avg, and I/Q Waveform keys. The spectrum average trace feature

RF Envelope and I/Q Waveform keys.

Spectrum,

places a marker on the average trace in the spectrum window.

Markers

Up to four markers can appear on the display simultaneously but only one marker can be activated and moved at a time. This marker is called the “active” marker. Press

Shape and Marker All Off keys, which require you to press Marker, More (1 of

Marker to access the keys below, except for the

• Normal - Activates a single marker on the selected trace (as set by the trace key) in units either of frequency or time, depending on the measurement mode that is currently active. However, if a marker has previously been activated, that marker will persist as the default marker until it is changed. You can change the position of the marker through use of the front panel step keys and RPG knob. Annotation in the active function area and the upper right hand corner of the display indicate the value of the active marker in units of the window which contains that marker. Pressing

Normal also

deactivates any marker delta functions which have been activated previously.

Chapter 4 95

Making Measurements Preparing for Measurements

• Select - Enables you to select one, or more, of the four available markers. Once selected, a marker can be activated, or deactivated, by using the

Normal, Delta, or Function keys. If a marker has previously

been turned on and assigned to a specific trace it will become active on that trace when the

Select key is pressed.

• Delta - Places two markers on the selected trace or, if a marker is already active, places a second marker at the position of the active marker. You can activate up to two sets of delta markers. Annotation in the active function area and in the upper-right corner of the display show differences between the two markers in the units of the window which contains that marker.

Off - Turns off the selected marker (as set by the Select key).

•

• Marker All Off - Turns off all markers.

• Shape - Allows you to select markers in the shapes of diamonds,

crosses, squares, and lines. The line markers run vertically, from the bottom to the top of the display, while the diamond, square, and cross shapes simply allow you to distinguish different points on the trace by using different shapes. You may use up to four different shaped markers at a given time, although only one may be active.

Marker Functions

The marker

Band Power and Noise. These functions do not apply to all

Function menu key enables you to use two marker functions:

measurements; if you attempt to press a function key for a function that is not applicable to that measurement a message will appear telling you that the function is not supported under the current measurement. These functions are described below. Press

Marker, Function to access the

following keys.

• Band Power - Allows you to place two markers to either side of a band so you can measure the power within that band. You can use the RPG knob to move the band markers; the numerical power reading will be visible in the upper right corner of the display. This feature is particularly useful for measuring channel power.

• Noise - Normalizes the equivalent amplitude of the measured noise to a 1 Hz bandwidth, which is centered around the displayed marker. This is done by sampling and displaying the average of 32 data points.

Search Marker

The front panel

Search key performs a peak search when pressed. A

marker will automatically be activated at the highest peak.

96 Chapter 4

Making Measurements

Making the Spectrum (Frequency Domain) Measurement

Purpose

The spectrum measurement provides spectrum analysis capability for the instrument. The control of the measurement was designed to be familiar to those who are accustomed to using swept spectrum analyzers.

This measurement is FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) based. The FFT-specific parameters are located in the available under basic mode spectrum measurements is an I/Q window, which shows the I and Q signal waveforms in parameters of voltage versus time. The advantage of having an I/Q view available while in the spectrum measurement is that it allows you to view complex components of the same signal without changing settings or measurements.

Advanced menu. Also

Measurement Method

The measurement uses digital signal processing to sample the input signal and convert it to the frequency domain. With the instrument tuned to a fixed center frequency, samples are digitized at a high rate, converted to I and Q components with DSP hardware, and then converted to the frequency domain with FFT software.

This measurement is available for both the RF input and baseband I/Q inputs. For details on Baseband I/Q operation see “Using Baseband I/Q

Inputs (Option B7C)” on page 151.

Making the Measurement

NOTE The factory default parameters provide a good starting point.You will

likely want to change some of the settings. Press

, Restore Meas Defaults at any time to return all parameters for the

current measurement to their default settings.

Press measurement.

To change any of the measurement parameters from the factory default values, refer to the “Changing the Measurement Setup” section for this measurement.

Measure, Spectrum (Freq Domain) to immediately make a spectrum

Meas Setup, More (1 of

Chapter 4 97

Making Measurements Making the Spectrum (Frequency Domain) Measurement

When using the baseband I/Q inputs, set Input Port to I/Q, I only, or Q only, configure the

I/Q Setup parameters, and supply the baseband I/Q signals

to the front-panel I/Q inputs. The available trigger sources for this measurement includes

I/Q Level.

Results

A display with both a Spectrum window and an I/Q Waveform window will appear when you activate a spectrum measurement. Use the

Window

Figure 4-1 Spectrum Measurement - Spectrum and I/Q Waveform View

key to select a window, and the Zoom key to enlarge a window.

98 Chapter 4

Making Measurements

Making the Spectrum (Frequency Domain) Measurement

Changing the Measurement Setup

The following table shows the factory default settings for spectrum (frequency domain) measurements.

Table 4-1 Spectrum (Frequency Domain) Measurement Defaults

Measurement Parameter Factory Default Condition

View/Trace Spectrum

Trace Display All

Res BW 20.0000 kHz; Auto

Averaging:

Avg Number Avg Mode Avg Type

Trig Source Free Run (Immediate)

Spectrum View:

SPAN AMPLITUDE Y Scale - Scale/Div

25; On Exp Log-Pwr Avg (Video)

1.00000 MHz

10.00 dB

Spectrum Linear View:

SPAN AMPLITUDE Y Scale - Scale/Div

I and Q Waveform View:

Capture Time AMPLITUDE Y Scale - Scale/Div

I/Q Polar View:

I/Q Scale/Div I or Q Origin

Advanced

Pre-ADC BPF On

Pre-FFT Filter Flat

Pre-FFT BW 1.55000 MHz; Auto

FFT Window Flat Top (High AmptdAcc)

FFT Size:

Length Control Min Points/RBW Window Length FFT Length

1.00000 MHz

100.0 mV

188.00

100.0 mV

0.00 V

Auto

3.100000 706 1024

µs

ADC Range Auto Peak

Data Packing Auto

ADC Dither Auto

Chapter 4 99

Making Measurements Making the Spectrum (Frequency Domain) Measurement

Table 4-1 Spectrum (Frequency Domain) Measurement Defaults

Measurement Parameter Factory Default Condition

Decimation 0; Auto

IF Flatness On

NOTE Parameters under the Advanced key seldom need to be changed. Any

changes from the default advanced values may result in invalid measurement data.

Make sure the

Measure menu. Press the Meas Setup key to access a menu which

the

Spectrum (Freq Domain) measurement is selected under

allows you to modify the averaging and trigger source for this measurement (as described in the “Measurement Setup” section). In addition, the following parameters can be modified:

Span - Allows you to modify the frequency span. The range is

•

10.000 Hz to 10.000 MHz with 1 Hz resolution, depending on the

setting. Changing the span causes the resolution bandwidth to

change automatically, and will affect data acquisition time.

•

Res BW - Allows you to set the resolution bandwidth for the FFT, and

to toggle its mode between resolution bandwidth is set to

Auto and Man (manual). If set to Auto, the

Span/50 (2% of the span). If set to Man,

you can enter a value ranging from 100.0 mHz to 3.00000 MHz. A narrower bandwidth will result in a longer data acquisition time.

Advanced - Allows you to access the menu to change the following

•

parameters. The FFT advanced features should be used only if you are familiar with their operation. Changes from the default values may result in invalid data.

Pre-ADC BPF - Allows you to toggle the pre-ADC bandpass filter

—

function between

On and Off. The pre-ADC bandpass filter is

useful for rejecting nearby signals, so that sensitivity within the span range can be improved by increasing the ADC range gain.

Res

Pre-FFT Fltr - Allows you to toggle the pre-FFT filter between Flat

—

(flat top) and

Gaussian. The pre-FFT filter defaults to a flat top

filter which has better amplitude accuracy. The Gaussian filter has better pulse response.

Pre-FFT BW - Allows you to toggle the pre-FFT bandwidth function

—

between can be set between 1 Hz and 10 MHz. If set to

Auto and Man (manual). The pre-FFT bandwidth filter

Auto, this pre-FFT

bandwidth is nominally 50% wider than the span. This bandwidth determines the ADC sampling rate.

FFT Window - Allows you to access the following selection menu.

—

Unless you are familiar with FFT windows, use the flat top filter.

100 Chapter 4

Agilent Technologies E4406A User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

List of Keys

1 Getting Started

What Documentation Comes with the E4406A VSA Series Transmitter Tester

URL for the Latest VSA Transmitter Tester Update

Understanding Digital Communications Measurements

Updating the Firmware

Making a Measurement

Front Panel Keys Context Dependency

Front Panel Description

Rear Panel Description

Display Annotation

Installing Optional Measurement Personalities

Available Personality Options

Loading the Optional Personality

Viewing a License Key

Installing a License Key

Using the Uninstall Key

Cables for Connecting to the Serial Port (RS-232)

Safety Considerations

Instrument Installation

Instrument Operation and Maintenance

2 Using System Features

Using System Keys

Install and Uninstall

Key Locations

Using Print and Print Setup Functions

Printing a Displayed Screen

Printing a Screen Image to a File on A: or C: Drives

Using File and Save Keys

Loading a State

Saving a State

Using the Alpha Editor Keys

Using Input/Output Configuration Keys

Configuring I/O

File System

Reference

Using System Configuration and Alignment Keys

Restore System Defaults

Show Errors

Show System

System (Local)

Alignment

3 Setting the Mode

Selecting a Mode

Mode Setup

Input Keys

Trigger Keys

Selecting the Frequency/Channel

4 Making Measurements

Basic Measurements

Preparing for Measurements

Initial Setup

Using Measure Keys

Measurement Control

Measurement Setup

Changing the View

Using Markers

Making the Spectrum (Frequency Domain) Measurement

Purpose

Measurement Method

Making the Measurement

Results

Changing the Measurement Setup