Actron CP9015 User Manual

precision electronic solutions

CODE SCANNER

FAVOR DE LEER INSTRUCTCTIVO ANTES DE USAR EL ARTICULO

Car Computer Code Reader

Domestic Ford, Lincoln, Mercury with EEC-IV or MCU Engine Computer Control Systems

Lector de Códigos de Computadoras de Automóvil

Ford, Lincoln, Mercury nacionales de EE.UU. con Systemas MCU y EEC-IV (para EUA)

Instrucciónes

en español - página 67

CP9015

Lecteur de code d'ordinateur automobile

Ford, Lincoln, Mercury domestiques Étas-Unis avec Systèmes MCU ou EEC-IV

Instructions en

français - page 133

AUDI O

OFF

STO

Domestic Ford,

Lincoln & Mercury

TEST

HOLD

Tensi

ón: 16V

Hecho en: China

Para Nombre, Domicilio y Telefono del Importador: Ver Empaque

CP9015

™

Congratulations on purchasing your Actron Code Scanner for accessing engine trouble-codes required for repairing vehicles equipped with computers. Y our Actron Code Scanner is made by Actron, the largest and most trusted name in automotive diagnostic equipment for the home mechanic. Y ou can have confidence this product maintains the highest quality in manufacturing, and will provide you years of reliable service.

This instruction manual is divided into several key sections. Y ou will find detailed steps on using the Code Scanner and important information about trouble code meanings, how a computer controls engine operation, and more!

Identifying the problem is the first step in solving that problem. Y our Actron Code Scanner can help you determine by accessing the engine computer trouble codes. Armed with that knowledge, you can either refer to an appropriate service manual or discuss your problem with a knowledgeable service technician. In either event you can save yourself a lot of valuable time and money in auto repair. And feel confident that your vehicle’s problem has been fixed!

Actron offers a compete

line of high quality

automotive diagnostic and

repair equipment.

See your local Actron

dealer for other

Actron products.

CONTENTS

1 About Codes: Where do they

come from and what are they for? .. 3

2 Code Scanner Basics: When do

you use it and what does it do?....... 5

3 Connector Location: Connector

type identifies the computer system

in your vehicle: EEC-IV or MCU. .....7

4 Using the Code Scanner – EEC-IV

system: Complete description for

reading and using service codes ....8

5 Code Meanings – EEC-IV system:

Service Code Definitions for Ford

EEC-IV engines ............................20

6 Other Features – EEC-IV system:

Additional Code Scanner Diagnostic

Tests.............................................. 31

7 Using the Code Scanner – MCU

system: Includes engine off and

engine running tests...................... 37

8 Code Meanings – MCU system:

Service Code Definitions for Ford

MCU engines ................................ 47

9 Computer Basics: What does the

engine computer do? Learn more about how your engine

computer operates and controls

vehicle functions............................ 49

Reference Glossary: Includes

component descriptions and term definitions commonly used in reference to engine computer

systems......................................... 55

Instrucciónes en español67

Instructions en français131

General Safety Guidelines to follow

when working on vehicles

• Always wear approved eye protection.

• Always operate the vehicle in a well ventilated area.

Do not inhale exhaust gases – they are very poisonous!

• Always keep yourself, tools and test equipment away from all moving or hot engine parts.

• Always make sure the vehicle is in park (Automatic transmission) or neutral (manual transmission) and that the parking brake is firmly set. Block the drive wheels.

• Never leave vehicle unattended while running tests.

• Never lay tools on vehicle battery . You may short the terminals together causing harm to yourself, the tools or the battery.

• Never smoke or have open flames near vehicle.

Vapors from gasoline and charging battery are highly flammable and explosive.

• Always keep a fire extinguisher suitable for gasoline/electrical/ chemical fires handy .

• Always turn ignition key OFF when connecting or disconnecting electrical components, unless otherwise instructed.

• Always follow vehicle manufacturer’s warnings, cautions and service procedures.

CAUTION:

Some vehicles are equipped with safety air bags. You must follow vehicle service manual cautions when working

around the air bag components or wiring. If the cautions are not followed, the air bag may open up unexpectedly , resulting in personal injury . Note that the air bag can still open up several minutes after the ignition key is off (or even if the vehicle battery is disconnected) because of a special energy reserve module.

About Codes

Where do they come from and what are they for?

Engine computers can find problems.

The computer system in today’s vehicles does more than control engine operation – it can help you find problems, too! Special testing abilities are permanently programmed into the computer by factory engineers. These tests check the components connected to the computer which are used for (typically): fuel delivery, idle speed control, spark timing and emission systems. Mechanics have used these tests for years. Now you can do the same thing by using the Actron Code Scanner tool!

Engine computers perform special tests.

The engine computer runs the special tests. The type of testing varies with manufacturer, engine, model year etc. There is no “universal” test that is the same for all vehicles. The tests examine INPUTS (electrical signals going IN to the computer) and OUTPUTS (electrical signals coming OUT of the computer.) Input signals which have “wrong” values or output circuits which don’t behave correctly are noted by the test program and the results are stored in the computer’s memory. These tests are important. The computer can not control the engine properly if it has bad inputs or outputs!

Code numbers give test results.

The test results are stored by using code numbers, usually called “trouble codes” or “service codes.” For example, a code 63 might mean “throttle position sensor signal voltage is too low.” Code meanings are listed in Sections 5 and 8. Specific code definitions vary with manufacturer, engine and model year, so you may want to refer to a vehicle service manual for additional information. These manuals are available from the manufacturer,

other publishers or your local public library. (See manual listing on page 4.)

Read Codes with the Code Scanner.

Y ou obtain trouble codes from the engine computer memory by using the Actron Code Scanner tool. Refer to section 4 or 7 for details. After you get the trouble codes, you can either:

• Have your vehicle professionally serviced. Trouble codes indicate problems found by the computer.

or,

• Repair the vehicle yourself using trouble codes to help pinpoint the problem.

Trouble Codes and Diagnostics help you fix the problem.

To find the problem cause yourself, you need perform special test procedures called “diagnostics”. These procedures are in the vehicle service manual. There are many possible causes for any problem. For example, suppose you turned on a wall switch in your home and the ceiling light did not turn on. Is it a bad bulb or light socket? Is the bulb installed correctly? Are there problems with the wiring or wall switch? Maybe there is no power coming into the house! As you can see, there are many possible causes. The diagnostics written for servicing a particular trouble code take into account all the possibilities. If you follow these procedures, you should be able to find the problem causing the code and fix it if you want to “do-ityourself.”

Actron makes it easy to fix computer-controlled vehicles

Using the Actron Code Scanner to obtain trouble codes is fast and easy.

Trouble codes give you valuable knowledge – whether you go for professional vehicle servicing or “do-ityourself. ” Now that you know what

trouble codes are and where they come from, you are well on your way to fixing today’s computer controlled vehicles!

Vehicle Service Information

The following is a list of publishers who have manuals containing trouble code repair procedures and related information. Some manuals may be available at auto parts stores or your local public library. For others, you need to write for availability and prices, specifying the make, style and model year of your vehicle.

Vehicle Service Manuals:

Chilton Book Co. Chilton Way Radnor, PA 19089

Haynes Publications 861 Lawrence Drive Newbury Park, CA 91320

Cordura Publications Mitchell Manuals, Inc. P . O. Box 26260 San Diego, CA 92126

“Electronic Engine Controls” “Fuel Injection and Feedback Carbure-

tors” “Fuel Injection and Electronic Engine

Controls” “Emissions Control Manual”

...or similar titles

Vehicle Service Manuals from Ford Motor Company: (Ford, Lincoln, Mercury)

Ford Publication Department Helm Incorporated P . O. Box 07150 Detroit, MI 48207

1985 & Newer: “Emission Diagnosis Engine/Electronics”

1981-1984: “Engine/Emissions Diagnosis”

Scanner Basics

When Do You Use it and What Does it Do?

When to Use the Code Scanner

Use the Code Scanner:

• When you experience a driveability problem with your vehicle.

• When the “Check Engine” light comes on (if used on vehicle).

• For a routine system check – even on vehicles with a “Check Engine” light.

AUDIO

OFF

CP9015 – Ford, Lincoln & Mercury

ST0

Domestic 1981& Newer

HOLD

What the Code Scanner Does

The Code Scanner makes the vehicle computer run special tests to check out various parts of the system. The Code Scanner plugs into vehicle wiring which connects directly into two engine computer circuits. One circuit is called Self-T est Input (STI). The Code Scanner uses this wire to tell the computer to run the tests. The other circuit is called SelfT est Output (STO).

The computer sends test results back to the Code Scanner by using a pulse type signal on this wire.

TEST

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AUDIO

OFF

9015 - Ford, Lincoln & Mercury

Code Scanner Controls

1 HOLD/TEST switch

This switch connects to the computer’s Self-Test Input (STI) circuit.

•

HOLD – The STI wire is unconnected.

(Normal position – no testing.)

• TEST – The STI wire is connected to vehicle ground. (Computer starts testing procedure.)

2 SELF-TEST OUTPUT light

This light is connected to the STO circuit coming from the computer.

• Light OFF – The STO signal is “high” (about 5 volts present).

• Light ON – The STO signal is “low” (near zero volts).

A pulse type signal on the STO wire will cause this light to blink. This is how the computer sends test results to the Code Scanner. See Section 4 or 7 for details.

Note: With the Code Scanner connected and ignition key OFF, the light may be ON or OFF – depends upon vehicle. This does not affect testing performance.

3 AUDIO switch

•

Switch ON – A tone sounds whenever the Self-Test Output light is lit.

• Switch OFF – Tone is always OFF.

This feature is useful when the STO light can not be easily seen, such as when performing the “wiggle” test described in Section 6.

Note: With the Code Scanner connected, Audio switch ON and ignition key OFF, the tone may be ON or OFF (no matter what the light does) – depends upon vehicle. This does not affect testing performance.

Code Scanner Power

A 9 volt transistor radio battery (NEDA

1604) is required to power the Code Scanner. Either a regular or alkaline battery may be used. The Code Scanner has an automatic battery shutoff when not in use. There is no “power off” switch because the unit uses no power when the light is off and the tone is quiet. The battery must be installed before use.

Installing the Battery

Do the following:

1) Remove two screws from the bottom side of the Code Scanner.

2) Separate the two halves of the Code Scanner.

3) Insert battery:

4) Reassemble Code Scanner case and replace screws.

Checking the Battery

Do the following:

1) Put the Hold/Test switch in TEST position.

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OFF

CP9015 – Ford, Lincoln & Mercury

Domestic 1981& Newer

TEST

ST0

HOLD

2) Put the Audio switch in ON position.

3) Use a coin to touch the two side-byside terminals on the bottom row (the one with three terminals) of the Code Scanner connector.

4) Both the STO light and the tone should turn ON. Replace battery when the light or tone gets weak.

Connector Location

Where the Self-Test connector can be found.

Connector Types

The Code Scanner plugs into the vehicle “Self-T est” connector which is located in the engine compartment.

• The EEC-IV computer system (most 1984 & up vehicles) uses TWO test connectors.

– A large six sided connector. – A small single wire “pigtail”

connector. Both of these connectors must be

plugged into the Code Scanner before use.

• The MCU system (most 1981 – 1983 vehicles) uses ONE test connector.

– A large six sided connector, identical to the one used with EEC-IV systems. This connector must be plugged into the Code Scanner before use. The MCU system does NOT use the small “pigtail” connector.

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81 & Newer

, Lincoln & Mercury

Connector locations

Y ou can tell which computer system is in your vehicle by noting which connector type is installed!

The connectors are located in one of six general areas.

• Near the fire wall (right or left side of vehicle)

• Near the wheel well (right or left side of vehicle)

• Near the front corner of the engine compartment (right or left side of vehicle)

The connectors are easy to miss – take your time looking! They are usually gray , or other dark color, and located close to a wiring harness. They may be capped with a plastic cover or shroud labeled “EEC TEST” or similar wording.

Other Test Connectors

Vehicles made after 1988 may have additional computer controlled systems installed, such as Anti-Lock Brakes (ABS), active suspension and the like. These systems use a test connector identical to EEC-IV six sided one. These systems do NOT use the extra “pigtail” connector! The Code Scanner is compatible with most of these systems – refer to vehicle service manual for system description and test methods.

EEC-IV System

Using the Code Scanner (EEC-IV Systems).

Complete Description for Reading and Using Service Codes.

Do This First

This section shows you how to use the Code Scanner for:

• Running tests of the engine computer system. (Engine off, ignition timing and engine running tests.)

• Reading service codes to pinpoint problem causes.

Before using this section:

– Read Sections 1 and 2 to learn about service codes and the Code Scanner tool.

– Read Section 3 to find the location of the Self-Test connector in your vehicle. The connector type will tell you whether you have an EEC-IV system or an MCU system.

– Read this section (4) if you have an EEC-IV system. Use Section 7 if you have an MCU system.

Self-Test Summary

The Self-Test procedure (also called “Quick Test”) involves engine off and engine running tests. The entire procedure is summarized in the chart. Each part is fully explained on the following pages.

IMPORTANT: All parts must be performed as shown for accurate testresults!

Part 1: Test Preparation.

• Safety First! Follow all safety rules.

• Perform Visual Inspection. This often reveals the problem.

• Prepare Vehicle. Engine must be thoroughly warmed-up.

Part 2: To Key On Engine Off (KOEO) Self-Test.

• Get service codes to help pinpoint problems.

Part 3: Check Engine Timing.

• Verify correct “base” timing (no computer control) before doing next part.

Part 4: Do Key On Engine Running (KOER) Self-Test.

• Get more service codes to pinpoint problems found during engine operating conditions.

Part 5: Evaluate/Erase “Continuous Memory” Codes

• Helps locate intermittent problems.

• Removes service codes stored in computer memory.

Self-Test Part 1: Test Preparation

1) Safety First!

• Set the parking brake.

• Put shift lever in PARK (automatic transmission) or NEUTRAL (manual transmission).

• Block the drive wheels.

• Make sure ignition key is in OFF position.

2) Perform Visual Inspection.

Doing a thorough visual and “handson” underhood inspection before starting any diagnostic procedure is essential!! Y ou can find the cause of many drivability problems by just looking, thereby saving yourself a lot of time.

• Has the vehicle been serviced

recently? Sometimes things get reconnected in the wrong place, or not at all.

• Don’t take shortcuts. Inspect hoses

and wiring which may be difficult to see because of location beneath air cleaner housings, alternators and similar components.

• Inspect the air cleaner and ductwork

for defects.

• Check sensors and actuators for

damage.

• Inspect all vacuum hoses for:

– Correct routing. Refer to vehicle service manual, or Vehicle Emission Control Information (VECI) decal located in the engine compartment.

– Pinches and kinks. – Splits, cuts or breaks.

HVAC/

P A.

CRUISE

EGR VAC REG

FUEL

PRESS

REG

. ..

BRAKE BOOSTER

TO TRANS

MODE

FRONT

OF CAR

9RAC2LAB

• Inspect wiring for: – Contact with sharp edges. (This

happens often.) – Contact with

hot surfaces, such as exhaust manifolds.

– Pinched, burned or chafed insulation.

– Proper routing and connections.

• Check Electrical Connectors for: – Corrosion on pins. – Bent or damaged pins. – Contacts not properly seated in

housing. – Bad wire crimps to terminals.

Bent Pins Corrosion

Problems with connectors are common in the engine control system. Inspect carefully. Note that some connectors use a special grease on the contacts to prevent corrosion. Do not wipe off! Obtain extra grease, if needed, from your vehicle dealer. It is a special type for this purpose.

3) Prepare Vehicle.

• Turn off all electrical equipment and accessories in vehicle.

• Keep all vehicle doors closed during testing.

• Make sure radiator coolant and transmission fluid are at proper levels.

• Start the engine and let it idle until the upper radiator hose is hot and pressurized and RPM has settled to warm engine idle speed. Check for leaks around hose connections.

• Turn ignition key to OFF position.

WARNING: Always operate vehicle in a well ventilated area. Do NOT inhale exhaust gases – they are very poisonous!

4) Check Code Scanner Battery.

• Refer to Section 2.

5) Plug the Code Scanner into the Vehicle Self-Test Connectors.

• Refer to Section 3, “Connector

Location”.

• Connect the Code Scanner to

BOTH test connectors: the small, single wire connector and the larger 6-sided one.

Note: One Code Scanner pin plugs into an unused position on large test connector. This is normal. Also, large test connector may have other contacts not used by Code Scanner.

• The Code Scanner

will not harm

vehicle engine computer.

TEST

M T

HOLD

AUDIO

1981 & Newer

ord, Lincoln & Mercury

6) Have a Pencil and Paper Ready.

• This is for

writing down all the codes.

7) Go to SELF-TEST PART 2: Key On Engine Off (KOEO) Self-Test.

• Do Self-Test Part 2 even if engine

will not start, stalls or runs rough. The service codes you get may pinpoint the problem. If not, refer to vehicle service manual for troubleshooting charts related to the vehicle symptom.

the

Self-Test Part 2:

Domestic 1981& Newer

Key On Engine Off (KOEO) Self-Test.

IMPORTANT: You must complete all steps in Self-Test Part 1 before proceeding to Part 2.

Verify good battery in Code Scanner (Section 2).

1) Verify Ignition Key is in OFF Position.

2) Put Code Scanner HOLD/TEST Switch in

AUDIO

CP9015 – Ford, Lincoln & Mercury

OFF

TEST

ST0

HOLD

HOLD Position.

• Do the following also: – For 4.9L only, depress clutch until

Step 5 (codes sent). – For 7.3L diesel only , completely

depress throttle until Step 5 (codes sent).

– For 2.3L turbo with octane switch, put switch in premium position.

3) Turn Ignition Key to ON Position but DO NOT START THE ENGINE.

4) Put Code Scanner HOLD/TEST Switch in TEST Position.

• This starts the KOEO Self-Test.

• Testing takes anywhere from 10

seconds to one minute before codes are sent.

• Y ou may hear clicking sounds in the

engine compartment as relays are being tested.

WARNING: Stay away from the radiator cooling fan! It may turn on momentarily during the test procedure. (On certain vehicles with

electrically operated fans.)

5) Get Codes from the Flashing STO Light.

NOTE: If the light does not flash, go

back and repeat SELF-TEST P A R T 2 starting with Step 1. If the light still does not flash, you have a problem which must be repaired before proceeding. Refer to the vehicle service manual “No Codes” troubleshooting chart.

• Pay no attention to the brief, rapid

blinks which occur before the regular codes are sent.

• Count flashes to get service codes.

Code 12 looks like:

PAUSE

❊

FLASH (pause) FLASH FLASH (FLASH = 1, FLASH FLASH = 2. Put 1 and 2 together = code 12.)

Code 23 looks like:

❊❊

FLASH FLASH (pause)

FLASH FLASH FLASH

NOTE: Certain 1991 and newer vehicles use 3 digit codes (refer to vehicle service manual to determine whether your system uses 2 or 3 digit codes).

These codes are sent as follows:

Code 123 looks like:

PAUSE

❊

FLASH (pause) FLASH FLASH (pause)

• Two groups of codes are sent at this

❊❊

FLASH FLASH FLASH

time. Each group is separated by a

PAUSE

❊❊

❊❊❊

PAUSE

❊❊❊

single flash (called a “separator code”)

• The first code group has KOEO (Key On Engine Off) codes – for problems which are present now. Some service manuals call these “hard” or “on demand” codes.

– The KOEO group will always contain at least one code. This will be a “system pass” code (11 or 111) if no problems were seen.

– The KOEO code group is sent twice (so you can double check your code list).

• The second code group has Continuous Memory codes – for problems which occurred in the past and have been “memorized” by the computer. These problems (sometimes called “intermittences”) may or may not be present now.

– The Continuous Memory group will always contain at least one code. This will be a “system pass” code (11 or 111) if no problems were seen.

– The Continuous Memory code group is sent twice (so you can double check your code list).

• Code sequence example with KOEO codes = 21 and 32, Continuous Memory code =14:

PAUSE

❊❊

FLASH FLASH (pause) FLASH

(longer pause).

❊❊❊

FLASH FLASH FLASH (pause)

FLASH FLASH

(longer pause).

❊❊

FLASH FLASH (pause) FLASH

(longer pause).

❊❊❊

FLASH FLASH FLASH (pause)

FLASH FLASH

(very long pause)

SEPARA T OR CODE

❊

FLASH (“separator code”)

PAUSE

❊

❊❊

❊

❊❊

(very long pause)

PAUSE

❊

FLASH FLASH FLASH FLASH

❊

FLASH FLASH FLASH FLASH

❊❊❊❊

FLASH (pause)

(longer pause).

PAUSE

❊❊❊❊

FLASH (pause)

• Write down codes in the order they are sent.

6) Turn Ignition Key to OFF Position.

At this point you can either:

• Have your vehicle professionally serviced. Codes indicate problems found by the computer. or,

• Repair the vehicle yourself using service codes to help pinpoint the problem. Refer to Test Results Chart.

Key On Engine Off (KOEO) Test Results

KOEO SEPARATOR MEMORY CODES CODES CODES ACTION TO T AKE:

11 1 11 System pass. No problem found by computer during

(or 111) (or 111) KOEO Self-Test. No codes stored in computer

Any 1 11 KOEO codes indicate system problems are present

Code(s) (or 111) now. Write down all codes. Make repairs based on

Any 1 Any KOEO and Continuous Memory codes indicate

Code(s) Code(s) system problems. Write down ALL codes. DO NOT

11 1 Any Code(s) Continuous Memory codes indicate system faults.

(or 111) not in Write down ALL codes but DO NOT repair these

CONTINUOUS MEMORY 15 1989 & older

CODE EXCEPTIONS 56, 66 1988-1989 5.0L SFI Mustang only

(REPAIR NOW) 45, 46, 48, 215, 216, 217, 232 and 238 vehicles with

DIS (Distributorless Ignition System) only.

CONTINUOUS

memory. Go to SELF-TEST PART 3: Check Engine

Note:

Timing.

rough, refer to vehicle service manual for troubleshooting charts related to the symptom.

KOEO codes starting with the first code received. Refer to vehicle service manual for code troubleshooting charts and repair procedures. Repeat KOEO Self-T est after every repair. (Sometimes a repair procedure will eliminate more than one code.) Do not proceed to SELF-TEST PART 3 until a KOEO pass code (11 or 111) is received.

repair Continuous Memory codes at this time! (But keep them written down for later use in Self-Test Step 5.) First make repairs based on KOEO codes starting with the first code received. Refer to vehicle service manual for code troubleshooting charts and repair procedures. Repeat KOEO Self-T est after every repair. (Sometimes a repair procedure will eliminate more than one code.) SELF-TEST PART 3 until a KOEO pass code (11 or

111) is received.

Exceptions List codes at this time! Keep them written down for later

use in Self-T est Step 5. Continue the Self-Test procedure: go to SELF-TEST P ART 3. EXCEPTIONS: Some Continuous Memory codes must be repaired before going to Part 3. These are listed below. Refer to vehicle service manual for code troubleshooting charts and repair procedures. Repeat KOEO Self-T est after every repair . Do not proceed to SELF-TEST PART 3 until all code exceptions are eliminated.

If engine will not start, stalls or runs

Do not proceed to

Self-Test Part 3: Check Engine Timing.

OFF

AUDIO

CP9015 – Ford, Lincoln & Mercury

Domestic 1981& Newer

TEST

ST0

HOLD

HVAC/

CRUISE

EGR VAC REG

BRAKE BOOSTER

FUEL

TO TRANS

PRESS

MODE

REG

. ..

EGR VAC REG

FRONT

OF CAR

9RAC2LAB

(NOTE: 7.3L

Diesel  This

Part does

not apply. Go

to Part 4.)

This portion of the Self-Test procedure is where you check both the “base” engine timing (no computer adjustment ) and the ability of the computer to control spark advance. The correct value for base engine timing is printed on the Vehicle Emission Control Information (VECI) decal, located in the engine compartment. (Base timing is 10° BTDC if not specified on the VECI decal.) A timing light is required for this test. Connect it to vehicle according to manufacturers directions. (For 2.3L dual plug engines, use exhaust side plug. Refer to ignition system section in vehicle service manual for specific instructions.)

For 1991 & Older Vehicles:

(See page 15 for 1992 & newer vehicles.)

1) Turn Ignition Key OFF.

• Wait 10 seconds before proceeding.

2) Put Code Scanner HOLD/TEST

Switch in HOLD Position.

WARNING: The next step involves starting the engine. Observe safety precautions.

• Always operate vehicle in a well ventilated area. Do NOT inhale exhaust gases – they are very poisonous!

• Set the parking brake.

• Put shift lever in PARK (automatic transmission) or NEUTRAL (manual transmission).

• Block the drive wheels.

• Stay away from moving engine parts.

3) Start the Engine.

• If engine will not start, stalls or runs rough, refer to vehicle service

manual for troubleshooting charts related to the symptom.

4) Put Code Scanner HOLD/TEST Switch in TEST Position.

• The computer is now performing an

Engine Running Self-Test, but do not be concerned with the test or the resulting codes at this time. It takes several seconds before codes are sent.

5) Wait For End of All Service Code Signals.

• STO light on Code Scanner stops

blinking.

6) Check Ignition Timing.

• After the last code is sent, the

timing will remain fixed for 2 minutes (unless Self-Test is deactivated by moving T est/Hold switch to HOLD position).

• Ignition timing (only during this 2

minute period) should be 20 degrees more than the base timing value (give or take 3 degrees). EXAMPLE: If base timing is specified at 10°, the measured value in this step should be 10°+20°=30°±3°. That is, the timing should be in the range of 27° to 33° BTDC.

• If measured timing does not meet

this specification, refer to vehicle service manual for procedures to check base timing and computer timing advance circuits.

• If measured timing is OK, proceed

to SELF-TEST P AR T 4: Key On Engine Running (KOER) Self-Test.

7) Turn Ignition Key to OFF Position.

For 1992 & Newer Vehicles:

(See page 14 for 1991 & older vehicles.)

1) Turn Ignition Key OFF.

• Wait 10 seconds before proceeding.

2) Turn off Electrical Loads.

• This includes radio, headlights, blower fans, air conditioner, and the like.

4) Start the Engine.

• Only use the

ignition key to start engine – do not use a remote starter.

• If engine will not start, stalls or runs

rough, refer to vehicle service manual for troubleshooting charts related to the symptom.

3) Disconnect the In-Line SPOUT or SAW Connector. (Depends upon ignition system: SPOUT= Spark Output; SAW = Spark Advance Word.)

• This disconnects the computer

advance timing signal from the ignition system.

• The ignition system will now operate

at “base engine” timing.

• The connector is located close to the

ignition module.

• There are 3 different styles

illustrated, depending upon your vehicle type.

WARNING: The next step involves starting the engine. Observe safety precautions.

• Always operate vehicle in a well

ventilated area. Do NOT inhale exhaust gases – they are very poisonous!

• Set the parking brake.

• Put shift lever in PARK (automatic

transmission) or NEUTRAL (manual transmission).

• Block the drive wheels.

• Stay away from moving engine

parts.

5) Check Engine Timing.

• Base timing should be the same as the VECI decal specification, give or take 2°. Example: Specified timing is 10° BTDC. Measured timing should be in the range of 8° to 12°BTDC.

— Distributor System: If base timing not correct, adjust or repair as necessary before proceeding. Refer to ignition system section in vehicle service manual for instructions.

— Distributorless System: Base timing is NOT adjustable. If timing not correct, refer to ignition system section in vehicle service manual for possible causes. Repair as necessary before proceeding.

6) Reconnect the In-Line SPOUT or SAW Connector.

7) Check for Timing Advance (or RPM Increase).

• Timing change (or RPM increase)

should occur as soon as connector is reconnected.

• If O.K. proceed to SELF-TEST

PART 4.

• If not O.K. proceed to SELF-TEST

PAR T 4, but repair Engine Run codes 213 or 218 immediately, if received.

8) Turn Ignition Key to OFF Position.

Self-Test Part 4: Key On Engine Running (KOER) Self-Test.

IMPORTANT: You must complete all steps in Self-Test Parts 1,2 and 3 before proceeding to Part 4.

Verify good battery in Code Scanner (Section 2).

1) Verify Ignition Key is in OFF Position.

2) Put Code Scanner HOLD/TEST Switch in HOLD Position.

WARNING: The next step involves starting the engine. Observe safety precautions.

• Always operate vehicle in a well

ventilated area. Do NOT inhale exhaust gases – they are very poisonous!

• Set the parking brake.

• Put shift lever in PARK (automatic

transmission) or NEUTRAL (manual transmission).

• Block the drive wheels.

• Stay away from moving engine

parts.

3) Start the Engine.

• If engine will not start, stalls or runs

rough, refer to vehicle service manual for troubleshooting charts related to the symptom.

4) Run the Engine to Warm the EGO Sensor.

• The EGO (Exhaust Gas Oxygen)

sensor must be warmed-up to operate for this test.

• Run engine at 2000 RPM for at

least 2 minutes.

7) Get Engine Identification (ID) Code from the Flashing STO Light.

NOTE: If the light does not flash, go

back and repeat SELF-TEST P A R T 4 starting with Step 5. If the light still does not flash, you have a problem which must be repaired before proceeding. Refer to the vehicle service manual “No Codes” troubleshooting chart.

• An engine ID code is sent after a

few seconds to signal the beginning of KOER Self-T est.

• Count flashes on the STO light.

– 4 cylinder: 2 Flashes. – 6 cylinder: 3 Flashes. – 8 cylinder: 4 Flashes. – 7.3L Diesel: 5 Flashes.

IMPORTANT:

required at this time.

• Vehicles with PSPS (Power Steering

Pressure Switch): Turn steering wheel one half turn and release within 1 or 2 seconds AFTER seeing engine ID code. (The computer checks for switch action.)

• Vehicles with BOO (Brake On/Off

switch) when used by computer: Press and release the brake pedal AFTER seeing engine ID code. (The computer checks for switch action.)

• Vehicles with OCS (Overdrive

Cancel Switch): Toggle the switch on and off AFTER seeing engine ID code. (The computer checks for switch action.)

Some actions may be

5) Turn Engine OFF – Wait 10 Seconds – Restart Engine.

6) Put Code Scanner HOLD/TEST Switch in TEST Position.

• This starts the KOER (Key On

Engine Running) Self-Test.

8) Perform WOT Action After “Dynamic Response” Signal.

• The Dynamic Response signal is a

single flash on the STO light occurring 6 to 20 seconds after the engine ID code is sent.

DYNAMIC RESPONSE

❊

• Perform a brief Wide-Open-Throttle (WOT) action right after the Dynamic Response signal. (Completely press and release throttle.)

• Some vehicles do not use this signal – no throttle action is necessary.

9) Get Codes from the Flashing STO Light.

• The KOER (Key On Engine

Running) codes are sent 4 to 15 seconds after the Dynamic Response signal. There are no other code groups or separator signals sent.

• Pay no attention to the brief, rapid

blinks which occur before the regular codes are sent.

• Count flashes to get service codes.

This is done the same way as in Self-Test Part 2.

Code 12 looks like:

PAUSE

❊

FLASH (pause) FLASH FLASH

(FLASH = 1, FLASH FLASH = 2.

Put 1 and 2 together = code 12.)

Code 23 looks like:

❊❊

FLASH FLASH (pause) FLASH FLASH FLASH

NOTE: Certain 1991 and newer vehicles use 3 digit codes (refer to vehicle service manual to determine whether your system uses 2 or 3 digit codes).

These codes are sent as follows:

Code 123 looks like:

PAUSE

❊

FLASH (pause) FLASH FLASH (pause)

• The KOER (Key On Engine

❊❊

FLASH FLASH FLASH

PAUSE

❊❊

❊❊❊

PAUSE

❊❊❊

Running) codes are sent as a group.

— The KOER group will always contain at least one code. This will be a “system pass” code (11 or 111) if no problems are seen.

— The KOER code group is sent twice (so you can double check your code list).

• Code sequence example with KOER codes = 21 and 32:

PAUSE

❊❊

FLASH FLASH (pause) FLASH

(longer pause).

❊❊❊

FLASH FLASH FLASH (pause)

FLASH FLASH

(longer pause).

❊❊

FLASH FLASH (pause) FLASH

(longer pause).

❊❊❊

FLASH FLASH FLASH (pause)

• Write down codes in the order they are sent.

• Code definitions are listed in Section 5, “Code Meanings (EEC-IV system).”

10)

Turn Ignition Key to OFF Position.

Refer to KOER Test Results chart following.

FLASH FLASH

PAUSE

❊

❊❊

❊

❊❊

Key On Engine Running (KOER) Test Results

ENGINE RESPONSE RUNNING ID CODE CODE CODE ACTION TO TAKE:

2,3,4 or 5 1 11 No problems found by computer during KOER Self-

2,3,4 or 5 1 Any Engine Running codes indicate system problems

(or 998) performed. The computer has spotted system

DYNAMIC ENGINE

•If Continuous Memory codes were obtained in

•If Continuous Memory codes were NOT obtained

•If Continuous Memory codes were NOT obtained in

Codes are present now. Write down all codes. Make repairs

98 Not sent Any Codes The Key On Engine Running Self-Test CANNOT be

(or 111) Test, however… Self-Test Part 2, go to SELF-TEST PART 5:

Evaluate “Continuous Memory” codes. in Self-Test Part 2, BUT other vehicle symptoms are

still present, refer to Diagnosis by Symptom Troubleshooting Charts in vehicle service manual. (The faults are probably not related to the computer system.)

Self-Test Part 2 and NO other vehicle symptoms are present, the Self-Test Diagnostic Procedure is complete.

based on Engine Running codes starting with the first code received. ( 213 or 218 first, if received.) Refer to vehicle service manual for code troubleshooting charts and repair procedures. Repeat KOER Self-T est after every repair. (Sometimes a repair procedure will eliminate more than one code.)

problems which must be repaired before running this test. Go to Part 2: Key On Engine Off (KOEO) Self-Test and follow all steps.

Exception:

Take care of code

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