Yamaha KODIAK 450 Manual

READ THIS MANUAL CAREFULLY!

It contains important safety information.

OWNER’S MANUAL

YFM450FAS

WARNING

This ATV should not be ridden by anyone under 16 years of age.

LIT-11626-17-25

5ND-F8199-11

EBU00776

EBU00941

INTRODUCTION

Congratulations on your purchase of the Yamaha YFM450FA. It represents the result of many years of Yamaha experience in the production of fine sporting, touring, and pace-setting racing machines. With the purchase of this Yamaha, you can now appreciate the high degree of craftsmanship and reliability that have made Yamaha a leader in these fields.

This manual will provide you with a good basic understanding of the features and operation of this ATV. This manual includes important safety information. It provides information about special techniques and skills necessary to ride your ATV. It also includes basic maintenance and inspection procedures. If you have any questions regarding the operation or maintenance of your ATV, please consult a Yamaha dealer.

AN IMPORTANT SAFETY MESSAGE:

●READ THIS MANUAL TOGETHER WITH TIPS FOR THE ATV RIDER CAREFULLY AND COMPLETELY BEFORE OPERATING YOUR ATV. MAKE SURE YOU UNDERSTAND ALL INSTRUCTIONS.

●PAY CLOSE ATTENTION TO THE WARNING AND CAUTION LABELS ON THE ATV.

●NEVER OPERATE AN ATV WITHOUT PROPER TRAINING OR INSTRUCTION. FREE TRAINING IS AVAILABLE TO ANYONE WHO BUYS A NEW ATV. CALL 1-800-887-2887 FOR MORE INFORMATION.

●THIS ATV, AND ANY OTHER ATV OVER 90cc, SHOULD NOT BE RIDDEN BY ANYONE UNDER 16 YEARS OF AGE.

EBU00801

IMPORTANT MANUAL INFORMATION

FAILURE TO FOLLOW THE WARNINGS CONTAINED IN THIS MANUAL CAN RESULT IN SERIOUS INJURY OR DEATH.

Particularly important information is distinguished in this manual by the following notations:

The Safety Alert Symbol means ATTENTION! BECOME ALERT!

YOUR SAFETY IS INVOLVED!

	WARNING	Failure to follow WARNING instructions could result in severe
		injury or death to the machine operator, a bystander or a person
		inspecting or repairing the machine.
	CAUTION:	A CAUTION indicates special precautions that must be taken to
		avoid damage to the machine.

NOTE: A NOTE provides key information to make procedures easier or clearer.

EBU00011

IMPORTANT NOTICE

This machine is designed and manufactured for OFF-ROAD use only. It is illegal and unsafe to operate this machine on any public street, road or highway.

This machine complies with all applicable OFF-ROAD noise level and spark arrester laws and regulations in effect at the time of manufacture.

Please check your local riding laws and regulations before operating this machine.

EBU01067

AFFIX DEALER

LABEL HERE

YFM450FAS

OWNER’S MANUAL

©2003 by Yamaha Motor Corporation, U.S.A.

1st edition, April 2003

All rights reserved. Any reprinting or unauthorized use without the written permission of

Yamaha Motor Corporation, U.S.A. is expressly prohibited. Printed in U.S.A.

P/N LIT-11626-17-25

EBU00014

WARNING

Indicates a potential hazard that could result in serious injury or death.

		CONTENTS
	1	LOCATION OF THE WARNING
		AND SPECIFICATION LABELS	1-1
	2	SAFETY INFORMATION..................	2-1
	3	DESCRIPTION AND MACHINE
		IDENTIFICATION	3-1
		Identification number records..........	3-2
		Key identification number................	3-2
		Vehicle identification number ..........	3-3
		Model label ......................................	3-3
	4	CONTROL FUNCTIONS ..................	4-1
		Main switch	4-1

Indicator and warning lights	.............4-2
Fuel gauge .......................................	4-4
Speedometer unit ............................	4-4
Handlebar switches .........................	4-6
Throttle lever ..................................	4-13
Speed limiter ..................................	4-14
Front brake lever............................	4-15
Brake pedal and rear brake
lever .............................................	4-15
Drive select lever ...........................	4-16
Recoil starter..................................	4-16
Fuel tank cap .................................	4-17
Fuel cock........................................	4-18
Starter (choke) ...............................	4-19
Seat................................................	4-20
Storage compartment ....................	4-21
Front carrier ...................................	4-22
Rear carrier ....................................	4-22
Front shock absorber
adjustment ...................................	4-22
Rear shock absorber
adjustment ...................................	4-24
Auxiliary DC jack............................	4-25

	5	PRE-OPERATION CHECKS ...........	5-1
		Front and rear brakes	5-2
		Fuel .................................................	5-4
		Engine oil ........................................	5-6
		Final gear oil....................................	5-6
		Differential gear oil ..........................	5-6
		Coolant............................................	5-7
		Throttle lever ...................................	5-7
		Fittings and fasteners......................	5-8
		Lights...............................................	5-8
		Switches..........................................	5-8
		Tires ................................................	5-8
		How to measure tire pressure.......	5-10
		Tire wear limit................................	5-11
	6	OPERATION.....................................	6-1
		Starting a cold engine	6-1
		Starting a warm engine...................	6-3
		Warming up.....................................	6-3
		Drive select lever operation and
		reverse driving...............................	6-4
		Engine break-in...............................	6-7
		Parking ............................................	6-8

Parking on a slope...........................	6-9
Accessories and loading ...............	6-10

	7	RIDING YOUR ATV ..........................	7-1
		Getting to know your ATV	7-3
		Ride with care and good
		judgement......................................	7-4
		Be careful where you ride..............	7-16
		Turning your ATV ..........................	7-22
		Climbing uphill ...............................	7-24
		Riding downhill ..............................	7-30
		Crossing a slope............................	7-32
		Crossing through shallow
		water............................................	7-34
		Riding over rough terrain...............	7-37
		Sliding and skidding.......................	7-38
		What to do if...................................	7-40
		What to do .....................................	7-40

	8	PERIODIC MAINTENANCE AND
		ADJUSTMENT	8-1
		Owner’s manual and tool kit............	8-1
		Periodic maintenance/
		lubrication ......................................	8-3
		Panel removal and installation ........	8-5
		Engine oil and oil filter cartridge ....	8-12
		Final gear oil..................................	8-17
		Differential gear oil.........................	8-19
		Cooling system..............................	8-21
		Changing the coolant ....................	8-23
		Axle boots......................................	8-26
		Spark plug inspection....................	8-27
		Air filter element cleaning..............	8-29
		V-belt cooling duct check hose .....	8-32
		V-belt case drain plug....................	8-33
		Spark arrester cleaning .................	8-33
		Carburetor adjustment...................	8-35
		Idle speed adjustment ...................	8-35
		Valve clearance adjustment..........	8-36
		Throttle lever adjustment...............	8-37
		Front brake pad check ..................	8-38
		Rear brake pad check ...................	8-38

Inspecting the brake fluid level ......	8-39
Brake fluid replacement.................	8-41
Front brake lever free play.............	8-41
Rear brake lever adjustment .........	8-42
Brake pedal position
adjustment ...................................	8-43
Adjusting the rear brake light
switch ...........................................	8-44
Cable inspection and
lubrication.....................................	8-45
Brake lever and brake pedal
lubrication.....................................	8-45
Wheel removal...............................	8-46
Wheel installation...........................	8-47
Battery............................................	8-48
Battery maintenance......................	8-49
Fuse replacement ..........................	8-49
Replacing a headlight bulb ............	8-51
Headlight beam adjustment...........	8-54
Tail/brake light bulb
replacement .................................	8-54
Troubleshooting .............................	8-55
Troubleshooting charts ..................	8-56

	9	CLEANING AND STORAGE............	9-1
		A. Cleaning	9-1
		B. Storage .......................................	9-3

10	SPECIFICATIONS.......................... 10-1
11	NOISE REGULATION.................... 11-1

12	MAINTENANCE RECORD ............ 12-1
13	ATV LIMITED WARRANTY............ 13-1

	14	YAMAHA EXTENDED SERVICE
		(Y.E.S.) ........................................... 14-1

EBU00464

LOCATION OF THE WARNING AND

SPECIFICATION LABELS

1-1

Read and understand all of the labels on your machine. They contain important information for safe and proper operation of your ATV.

Never remove any labels from your ATV. If a label becomes difficult to read or comes off, a replacement label is available from your Yamaha dealer.

3

1

WARNING	1

Overloading this ATV or carrying cargo improperly can change handling. stability and braking performance and can lead to an accident. Never exceed the maximum front cargo limit of

: 40kg (88 lbs)

NEVER sit on the carrier. Refer to instructions in the Owner's Manual.

5ND-F4877-00

2

1-2

4

6

WARNING

Overloading this ATV or carrying cargo improperly can change handling. stability and braking performance and can lead to an accident. Never exceed the maximum rear cargo limit of

: 80kg (176 lbs)

NEVER sit on the carrier. Refer to instructions in the Owner's Manual.

5ND-F4897-00

5

MAXIMUM.LOADING LIMIT

PULLING LOAD:	4900	N	( 5 0 0 k g f )
	1102	l b f
TONGUE WEIGHT:	147	N	( 1 5 k g f )
	33	l b f

5ND-F151K-00

1-3

7

WARNING

UNDER

Operating this ATV if you are under the age of 16 increases your chance of severe injury or death.

NEVER operate this ATV if you are under age 16.

YAMAHA

4XE-F415A-00

8

9

WARNING

Turning the ATV in 4WD-LOCK(“DIFF. LOCK” ) takes more effort.

Operate at a slow speed and allow extra time and distance for maneuvers to avoid loss of control.

5ND-F1558-00

1-4

EBU13351

SAFETY INFORMATION

AN ATV IS NOT A TOY AND CAN BE HAZARDOUS TO OPERATE. An ATV handles differently from other vehicles including motorcycles and cars. A collision or rollover can occur quickly, even during routine maneuvers such as turning and riding on hills or over obstacles, if you fail to take proper precautions.

SEVERE INJURY OR DEATH can result if you do not follow these instructions:

●Read this manual and all labels carefully and follow the operating procedures described.

●Never operate an ATV without proper training or instruction. Take a Training Course. Beginners should receive training from a certified instructor. Contact an authorized ATV dealer or call 1-800-887-2887 to find out about the training courses nearest you.

●Always follow the age recommendation:

– A child under 16 years old should never operate an ATV with engine size greater than 90cc.

●Never allow a child under age 16 to operate an ATV without adult supervision, and never allow continued use of an ATV by a child if he or she does not have the abilities to operate it safely.

●Never carry a passenger on an ATV.

●Always avoid operating an ATV on any paved surfaces, including sidewalks, driveways, parking lots and streets.

●Never operate an ATV on any public street, road or highway, even a dirt or gravel one.

2-1

● Never operate an ATV without wearing an approved motorcycle helmet that fits properly. You should also wear eye protection (goggles or face shield), gloves, boots, a long-sleeved shirt or

jacket, and long pants.

2

●Never consume alcohol or drugs before or while operating this ATV.

●Never operate at speeds too fast for your skills or the conditions. Always go at a speed that is proper for the terrain, visibility, operating conditions, and your experience.

●Never attempt wheelies, jumps, or other stunts.

●Always inspect your ATV each time you use it to make sure it is in safe operating condition. Always follow the inspection and maintenance procedures and schedules described in this manual.

●Always keep both hands on the handlebars and both feet on the footboards of the ATV during operation.

●Always go slowly and be extra careful when operating on unfamiliar terrain. Always be alert to changing terrain conditions when operating the ATV.

●Never operate on excessively rough, slippery or loose terrain until you have learned and practiced the skills necessary to control the ATV on such terrain. Always be especially cautious on these kinds of terrain.

●Always follow proper procedures for turning as described in this manual. Practice turning at low speeds before attempting to turn at faster speeds. Do not turn at excessive speed.

●Never operate the ATV on hills too steep for the ATV or for your abilities. Practice on smaller hills before attempting larger hills.

2-2

●Always follow proper procedures for climbing hills as described in this manual. Check the terrain carefully before you start up any hill. Never climb hills with excessively slippery or loose surfaces. Shift your weight forward. Never open the throttle suddenly or make sudden gear changes. Never go over the top of a hill at high speed.

●Always follow proper procedures for going down hills and for braking on hills as described in this manual. Check the terrain carefully before you start down any hill. Shift your weight backward. Never go down a hill at high speed. Avoid going down a hill at an angle that would cause the vehicle to lean sharply to one side. Go straight down the hill where possible.

●Always follow proper procedures for crossing the side of a hill as described in this manual. Avoid hills with excessively slippery or loose surfaces. Shift your weight to the uphill side of the ATV. Never attempt to turn the ATV around on any hill until you have mastered the turning technique described in this manual on level ground. Avoid crossing the side of a steep hill if possible.

●Always use proper procedures if you stall or roll backwards when climbing a hill. To avoid stalling, use the proper gear and maintain a steady speed when climbing a hill. If you stall or roll backwards, follow the special procedure for braking described in this manual. Dismount on the uphill side or to a side if pointed straight uphill. Turn the ATV around and remount, following the procedure described in this manual.

●Always check for obstacles before operating in a new area. Never attempt to operate over large obstacles, such as large rocks or fallen trees. Always follow proper procedures when operating over obstacles as described in this manual.

2-3

●Always be careful when skidding or sliding. Learn to safely control skidding or sliding by practicing at low speeds and on level, smooth terrain. On extremely slippery surfaces, such as ice, go slowly and be very cautious in order to reduce the chance of skidding or sliding out of control.

●Never operate an ATV in fast flowing water or in water deeper than that recommended in this manual. Remember that wet brakes may have reduced stopping ability. Test your brakes after leaving water. If necessary, apply them several times to let friction dry out the linings.

●Always be sure there are no obstacles or people behind you when you operate in reverse. When it is safe to proceed in reverse, go slowly.

●Always use the size and type of tires specified in this manual.

●Always maintain proper tire pressure as described in this manual.

●Never modify an ATV through improper installation or use of accessories.

●Never exceed the stated load capacity for an ATV. Cargo should be properly distributed and securely attached. Reduce speed and follow instructions in this manual for carrying cargo or pulling a trailer. Allow greater distance for braking.

FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT ATV SAFETY, call the Consumer Products Safety Commission at 1-800-638-2772, or the ATV Distributor’s Safety Hotline at 1-800-852-5344.

2-4

WARNING

POTENTIAL HAZARD Improper handling of gasoline. WHAT CAN HAPPEN

Gasoline can catch fire and you could be burned.

HOW TO AVOID THE HAZARD

Always turn off the engine when refueling.

Do not refuel immediately after the engine has been running and is still very hot.

Do not spill gasoline on the engine or exhaust pipe/muffler when refueling. Never refuel while smoking, or in the vicinity of sparks, open flames, or other sources of ignition such as the pilot lights of water heaters and clothes dryers.

When transporting the ATV in another vehicle, be sure it is kept upright and that the fuel cock is in the “OFF” position. Otherwise, fuel may leak out of the carburetor or fuel tank.

WHAT CAN HAPPEN

Gasoline is poisonous and can cause injuries.

HOW TO AVOID THE HAZARD

If you should swallow some gasoline or inhale a lot of gasoline vapor, or get some gasoline in your eyes, see your doctor immediately. If gasoline spills on your skin, wash with soap and water. If gasoline spills on your clothing, change your clothes.

2-5

WARNING

POTENTIAL HAZARD

Starting or running the engine in a closed area.

WHAT CAN HAPPEN

Exhaust fumes are poisonous and may cause loss of consciousness and death within a short time.

HOW TO AVOID THE HAZARD

Always operate your ATV in an area with adequate ventilation.

2-6

EBU00032

DESCRIPTION AND MACHINE IDENTIFICATION

1.	Rear shock absorber assembly	13.	Fuses
	spring preload adjusting ring	14.	Tail/brake light
2.	Spark arrester	15.	V-belt cooling duct check hose
3.	Storage compartment	16.	Coolant reservoir
	and tool kit	17.	Oil filter cartridge
4.	Spark plug	18.	Engine oil dipstick
5.	Rear brake fluid reservoir	19.	Rear brake lever
6.	Radiator cap	20.	Left handlebar switches
7.	Front shock absorber assembly	21.	Starter (choke)
	spring preload adjusting ring	22.	Drive select lever
8.	V-belt case	23.	Speedometer unit
9.	Brake pedal	24.	Main switch
10.	Front shock absorber assembly	25.	Fuel tank cap
	spring preload adjusting ring	26.	Auxiliary DC jack
11.	Fuel cock	27.	Right handlebar switch
12.	Air filter case	28.	Throttle lever
		29.	Front brake lever

NOTE:

The machine you have purchased may differ slightly from those shown in the figures of this manual.

3-1

EBU00600

Identification number records

Record the key identification number, vehicle identification number and model label information in the spaces provided for assistance when ordering spare parts from a Yamaha dealer or for reference in case the vehicle is stolen.

1.KEY IDENTIFICATION NUMBER:

2.VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER:

3.MODEL LABEL INFORMATION:

EBU00035
Key identification number
The key identification number is stamped on
the key as shown in the following illustration.
This number can be used for ordering a new	3
key.

1. Key identification number

3-2

EBU00036		EBU00787
Vehicle identification number		Model label
The vehicle identification number is stamped		The model label is affixed to the location in the
into the frame.		illustration. Record the information on this la-
		bel in the space provided. This information will
		be needed to order spare parts from your
		Yamaha dealer.

1. Vehicle identification number

NOTE:

The vehicle identification number is used to

identify your machine.

1. Model label

3-3

EBU00039

CONTROL FUNCTIONS

WARNING

Indicates a potential hazard that could result in serious injury or death.

4

EBU12490

Main switch

Functions of the respective switch positions

are as follows: 1. Main switch ON:

The engine can be started only at this position and the headlights, taillight and meter lighting come on when the light switch is on.

OFF:

All electrical circuits are switched off. The key can be removed in this position.

4-1

EBU08020

Indicator and warning lights

1. Differential gear lock indicator light “DIFF. LOCK” 2. Low-range indicator light “L”

3. High-range indicator light “H”

4. Neutral indicator light “N”

5. Reverse indicator light “R”

6. Park indicator light “P”

7. Differential gear lock indicator “ DIFF. ”

LOCK

8. Coolant temperature warning light “ ”

EBU10601

Differential gear lock indicator light “DIFF. LOCK”

This indicator light and the differential gear lock indicator in the display come on when the differential gear lock switch is set to the “4WDLOCK” position.

NOTE:

When the switch is set to “LOCK”, the differential gear lock indicator light will flash until the differential gear is locked.

EBU11220

Low-range indicator light “L”

This indicator light comes on when the drive select lever is in the “L” position.

EBU01064

High-range indicator light “H”

This indicator light comes on when the drive select lever is in the “H” position.

4-2

EBU09720

Neutral indicator light “N”

This indicator light comes on when the drive select lever is in the “N” position.

EBU12500

Reverse indicator light “R”

This indicator light comes on when the drive select lever is in the “R” position.

EBU00609

Park indicator light “P”

This indicator light comes on when the drive select lever is in the “P” (park) position.

EBU00860

Coolant temperature warning light “ ”

When the coolant temperature reaches a specified level, this light comes on to warn that the coolant temperature is too hot. If the light comes on during operation, stop the engine as soon as it is safe to do so and allow the engine to cool down for about 10 minutes.

CAUTION:

●The engine may overheat if the ATV is overloaded. If this happens, reduce the load to specification.

●After restarting, make sure that the light is out. Continuous use while the light is on may cause damage to the engine.

4-3

EBU00052

Fuel gauge

The fuel gauge indicates the amount of fuel in the fuel tank. When the needle reaches the red line, refill the tank at the first opportunity.

1.	Speedometer	2.	Odometer/Tripmeter A/Tripmeter B
3.	Clock/Hour meter	4.	TRIP/ODO button
5.	Clock/Hour button “		”/“	”
6.	“H” button	7.	“M” button

1. Fuel gauge

2. Red line

NOTE:

If the machine runs out of fuel, move the fuel cock lever to the “RES” position. Approximately 4.5 L (0.99 Imp gal, 1.19 US gal) of fuel will be remaining in the tank.

EBU11321

Speedometer unit

The speedometer unit is equipped with the following:

●a speedometer (which shows the riding speed)

●an odometer (which shows the total distance traveled)

4-4

●two tripmeters (which show the distance traveled since they were last set to zero)

●a clock

●an hour meter (which shows the total time the key has been turned to “ON”)

Odometer and tripmeter modes

Pushing the “TRIP/ODO” button switches the display between the odometer mode “ODO” and the tripmeter modes “A” and “B” in the following order:

ODO→TRIP A→TRIP B→ODO

To reset a tripmeter, select it by pushing the “TRIP/ODO” button, and then push the “TRIP/ ODO” button for at least three seconds. The tripmeters can be used to estimate the distance that can be traveled with a full tank of fuel. This information will enable you to plan future fuel stops.

NOTE:

Holding in the “TRIP/ODO” button and then turning the key to “ON” switches the display between “mph” and “km/h”.

4-5

Clock mode

Pushing the “ ”/“ ” button switches the display between the clock mode “CLOCK” and the hour meter mode “HOUR” in the following order:

CLOCK→HOUR→CLOCK

To set the clock

1.Push the “ ”/“ ” button until the clock starts flashing.

2.Set the hours by pushing the “H” button.

3.Set the minutes by pushing the “M” button.

4.Push the “ ”/“ ” button, and then release it to start the clock.

EBU00053

Handlebar switches

1.Light switch “//OFF”

2.Start switch “”

3.Engine stop switch “/”

4.Override switch “OVERRIDE”

EBU12510

Light switch “//OFF”

Set the switch to “” to turn on the low beams, the taillight and the meter lighting. Set the switch to “ ” to turn on the high beams, the taillight and the meter lighting. Set the switch to “OFF” to turn off all the lights.

4-6

CAUTION:

Do not use the headlights with the engine turned off for more than thirty minutes. The battery may discharge to the point that the starter motor will not operate properly. If this should happen, remove the battery and recharge it.

EBU12050

Engine stop switch “/ ”

Make sure that the engine stop switch is set to “ ” before starting the engine. The engine stop switch controls ignition and can be used at all times to stop the engine, especially in an emergency. The engine will not start or run when the engine stop switch is set to “”.

EBU00607

Start switch “ ”

The starter motor cranks the engine when this switch is pushed.

CAUTION:

See starting instructions prior to starting the engine. (See page 6-1 for details.)

4-7

1. Override switch “OVERRIDE”
EBU13781
Override switch “OVERRIDE”
Top speed is normally limited when operating
in 4WD-LOCK. If conditions require more en-
gine power when riding forward, push and
hold this switch to override the 4WD-LOCK
speed limiting function. (See page 4-11 for a
detailed explanation about the differential
gear lock switch and its function.) Releasing
the switch restores the speed limiting function.
While this switch is pushed, the segments of
the speedometer digits will appear as shown
in the figure.	4-8

NOTE:

If the digits of the speedometer appear as shown when the switch is NOT being pushed, this could indicate a malfunction in the electrical system. In this case, take the ATV to a Yamaha dealer at the first opportunity.