Seagate ST1181677LC, ST1181677LCV, ST1181677LW, ST1181677LWV User Manual

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Barracuda 180 Family:

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ST1181677LW/LWV/LC/LCV

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Product Manual, Volume 1

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Barracuda 180 Family:

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ST1181677LW/LWV/LC/LCV

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Product Manual, Volume 1

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© 2000 Seagate Technology LLC All rights reserved Publication number: 100109939, Rev. A

November 2000

Seagate, Seagate Technology, and the Seagate logo are registered trademarks of Seagate Technology LLC. Cheetah, SeaFAX, SeaFONE, SeaBOARD, and SeaTDD are either trademarks or registered trademarks of Seagate Technology LLC or one of its subsidiaries. All other trademarks or registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

Seagate reserves the right to change, without notice, product offerings or specifications. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without written permission of Seagate Technology LLC.

Revision status summary sheet

Revision	Date	Writer/Engineer	Sheets Affected
Rev. A (Class A Release) 11/9/2000		L. Newman/J. Nowitzke	1/1, v thru viii, 1-74.

Notice.

Product Manual 100109939 is Volume 1 of a two volume document with the SCSI interface information in the SCSI Interface Product Manual, Volume 2, part number 75789509.

If you need the SCSI interface information, order the SCSI Interface Product Manual, Volume 2, part number 75789509.

Barracuda 180 Product Manual, Rev. A

v

Contents

1.0 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2.0 Applicable standards and reference documentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2.1 Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2.1.1 Electromagnetic compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2.1.2 Electromagnetic susceptibility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2.2 Electromagnetic compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2.3 Reference documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

3.0 General description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

3.1 Standard features. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3.2 Media characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3.3 Performance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3.4 Reliability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3.5 Unformatted and formatted capacities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.6 Programmable drive capacity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.7 Factory installed accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.8 Options (factory installed). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.9 Accessories (user installed) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

4.0 Performance characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

4.1 Internal drive characteristics (transparent to user) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 4.2 SCSI performance characteristics (visible to user) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 4.2.1 Access time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 4.2.2 Format command execution time (minutes) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 4.2.3 Generalized performance characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

4.3 Start/stop time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 4.4 Prefetch/multi-segmented cache control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 4.5 Cache operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 4.5.1 Caching write data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 4.5.2 Prefetch operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

5.0 Reliability specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

5.1 Error rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 5.1.1 Environmental interference. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 5.1.2 Read errors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 5.1.3 Write errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 5.1.4 Seek errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

5.2 Reliability and service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 5.2.1 Mean time between failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 5.2.2 Field failure rate vs. time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 5.2.3 Preventive maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 5.2.4 Service life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 5.2.5 Service philosophy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 5.2.6 Service tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 5.2.7 Hot plugging Barracuda 180 disc drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 5.2.8 S.M.A.R.T. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 5.2.9 Drive Self Test (DST) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 5.2.10 Product warranty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

6.0 Physical/electrical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

6.1 AC power requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 6.2 DC power requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 6.2.1 Conducted noise immunity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 6.2.2 Power sequencing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 6.2.3 12 V - Current profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

6.3 Power dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 6.4 Environmental limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

vi	Barracuda 180 Product Manual, Rev. A

6.4.1 Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 6.4.2 Relative humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 6.4.3 Effective altitude (sea level) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 6.4.4 Shock and vibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 6.4.5 Air cleanliness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 6.4.6 Acoustics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 6.4.7 Electromagnetic susceptibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

6.5 Mechanical specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

7.0	Defect and error management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		31
	7.1	Drive internal defects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	31
	7.2	Drive error recovery procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	31
	7.3	SCSI systems errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .	32
8.0	Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .		33

8.1 Drive ID/option select header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

8.1.1Notes for Figures 12, 13, and 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36

8.1.2 Function description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 8.2 Drive orientation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 8.3 Cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 8.4 Drive mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 8.5 Grounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39

9.0 Interface requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41

9.1 General description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 9.2 SCSI interface messages supported. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 9.3 SCSI interface commands supported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 9.3.1 Inquiry Vital Product data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 9.3.2 Mode Sense data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46

9.4 SCSI bus conditions and miscellaneous features supported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48 9.5 Synchronous data transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 9.5.1 Synchronous data transfer periods supported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 9.5.2 REQ/ACK offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49

9.6 Physical interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 9.6.1 DC cable and connector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 9.6.2 SCSI interface physical description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51 9.6.3 SCSI interface cable requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51 9.6.4 Mating connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52

9.7 Electrical description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 9.7.1 Multimode—SE and LVD alternatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 9.8 Terminator requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62

9.9 Terminator power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62 9.10 Disc drive SCSI timing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63 9.11 Drive activity LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64

10.0 Seagate Technology support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65

Barracuda 180 Product Manual, Rev. A

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List of Figures

Figure 1. Barracuda 180 family drive (ST1181677LW shown) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Figure 2. Barracuda 180 family drive. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Figure 3. Typical Barracuda 180 family drive +12 V current profile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Figure 4. Typical Barracuda 180 SCSI SE mode +5 V current profile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Figure 5. Typical Barracuda 180 SCSI LVD mode +5 V current profile. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Figure 6. DC current and power vs. input/output operations per second (single-ended mode) . . . . . . 24 Figure 7. DC current and power vs. input/output operations per second (LVD mode) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Figure 8. Location of the HDA temperature check point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Figure 9. Recommended mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Figure 10. ST1181677LW/LWV mounting configuration dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Figure 11. ST1181677LC/LCV mounting configuration dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Figure 12. J6 jumper header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Figure 13. J5 jumper header (on LW/LWV models only). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Figure 14. J2 option select header . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Figure 15. Suggested air flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Figure 16. ST1181677LW/LWV drive physical interface (68-pin J1 SCSI I/O connector). . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Figure 17. ST1181677LC/LCV drive physical interface (80-pin J1 SCSI I/O connector) . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Figure 18. SCSI daisy chain interface cabling for LW/LWV drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Figure 19. Nonshielded 68 pin SCSI device connector used on LW/LWV drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Figure 20. Nonshielded 80 pin SCSI “SCA-2” connector, used on LC/LCV drives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Figure 21. LVD output signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Figure 22. Typical SE-LVD alternative transmitter receiver circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Barracuda 180 Product Manual, Rev. A

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1.0Scope

This manual describes Seagate Technology® LLC, Barracuda 180™ disc drives.

Barracuda 180 drives support the small computer system interface as described in the ANSI SCSI SPI-3 interface specifications to the extent described in this manual. The SCSI Interface Product Manual (part number 75789509) describes general SCSI interface characteristics of this and other families of Seagate drives.

From this point on in this product manual the reference to Barracuda 180 models is referred to as “the drive” unless references to individual models are necessary.

Figure 1. Barracuda 180 family drive (ST1181677LW shown)

2	Barracuda 180 Product Manual, Rev. A

Barracuda 180 Product Manual, Rev. A

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2.0Applicable standards and reference documentation

The drive has been developed as a system peripheral to the highest standards of design and construction. The drive depends upon its host equipment to provide adequate power and environment in order to achieve optimum performance and compliance with applicable industry and governmental regulations. Special attention must be given in the areas of safety, power distribution, shielding, audible noise control, and temperature regulation. In particular, the drive must be securely mounted in order to guarantee the specified performance characteristics. Mounting by bottom holes must meet the requirements of Section 8.4.

2.1Standards

The Barracuda 180 family complies with Seagate standards as noted in the appropriate sections of this Manual and the Seagate SCSI Interface Product Manual.

The Barracuda 180 disc drive is a UL recognized component per UL1950, CSA certified to CSA C22.2 No. 950-M89, and VDE certified to VDE 0805 and EN60950.

2.1.1Electromagnetic compatibility

The drive, as delivered, is designed for system integration and installation into a suitable enclosure prior to use. As such the drive is supplied as a subassembly and is not subject to Subpart B of Part 15 of the FCC Rules and Regulations nor the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications.

The design characteristics of the drive serve to minimize radiation when installed in an enclosure that provides reasonable shielding. As such, the drive is capable of meeting the Class B limits of the FCC Rules and Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications when properly packaged. However, it is the user’s responsibility to assure that the drive meets the appropriate EMI requirements in their system. Shielded I/O cables may be required if the enclosure does not provide adequate shielding. If the I/O cables are external to the enclosure, shielded cables should be used, with the shields grounded to the enclosure and to the host controller.

2.1.2Electromagnetic susceptibility

As a component assembly, the drive is not required to meet any susceptibility performance requirements. It is the responsibility of those integrating the drive within their systems to perform those tests required and design their system to ensure that equipment operating in the same system as the drive or external to the system does not adversely affect the performance of the drive. See Section 5.1.1 and Table 2, DC power requirements.

2.2Electromagnetic compliance

Seagate uses an independent laboratory to confirm compliance to the directives/standard(s) for CE Marking and C-Tick Marking. The drive was tested in a representative system for typical applications. The selected system represents the most popular characteristics for test platforms. The system configurations include:

•Typical current use microprocessors

•3.5-inch floppy disc drive

•Keyboard

•Monitor/display

•Printer

•External modem

•Mouse

Although the test system with this Seagate model complies to the directives/standard(s), we cannot guarantee that all systems will comply. The computer manufacturer or system integrator must confirm EMC compliance and provide CE Marking and C-Tick Marking for their product.

Electromagnetic compliance for the European Union

If this model has the CE Marking it complies with the European Union requirements of the Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive 89/336/EEC of 03 May 1989 as amended by Directive 92/31/EEC of 28 April 1992 and Directive 93/68/EEC of 22 July 1993.

4	Barracuda 180 Product Manual, Rev. A

Australian C-Tick

If this model has the C-Tick Marking it complies with the Australia/New Zealand Standard AS/NZS3548 1995 and meets the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Framework requirements of Australia’s Spectrum Management Agency (SMA).

Korean MIC

If this model has the MIC (Ministry of Information and Communication) Marking it complies with paragraph 1 of Article 11 of the Electromagnetic Compatibility control Regulation and meets the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Framework requirements of the Radio Research Laboratory Ministry of Information and Communication Republic of Korea.

Taiwan MIC

If this model has two Chinese words meaning “EMC certification” followed by an eight digit identification number, as a Marking, it complies with Chinese National Standard (CNS) 13438 and meets the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Framework requirements of the Taiwanese Bureau of Standards, Metrology, and Inspection (BSMI).

2.3	Reference documents
Barracuda 180 Installation Guide		Seagate P/N 100109942
Safety and Regulatory Agency Specifications		Seagate P/N 75789512
SCSI Interface Product Manual		Seagate P/N 75789509

ANSI small computer system interface (SCSI) document numbers:

T10/1143D	Enhanced SCSI Parallel Interface (EPI)
T10/1236D	Primary Commands-2 (SPC-2)
T10/996D	SCSI Block Commands (SBC)
T10/1157D	SCSI Architectural Model-2 (SAM-2)
T10/1302D	SPI-3 (SCSI Parallel Interface version 3)
SFF-8046	Specification for 80-pin connector
Package Test Specification	Seagate P/N 30190-001 (under 100 lb.)
Package Test Specification	Seagate P/N 30191-001 (over 100 lb.)
Specification, Acoustic Test Requirements, and Procedures	Seagate P/N 30553-001

In case of conflict between this document and any referenced document, this document takes precedence.

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3.0General description

Barracuda 180 drives combine giant magnetoresistive (GMR) heads, partial response/maximum likelihood (PRML) read channel electronics, embedded servo technology, and a wide Ultra160 SCSI interface to provide high performance, high capacity data storage for a variety of systems including engineering workstations, network servers, mainframes, and supercomputers.

The Ultra160 SCSI interface uses negotiated transfer rates. These transfer rates will occur only if your host adapter supports these data transfer rates and is compatible with the required hardware requirements of the I/ O circuit type. This drive can also operate at SCSI-1 and SCSI-2 data transfer rates for backward compatibility with non-Ultra/Ultra2/Ultra160 SCSI host adapters.

Table 1 lists the features that differentiate the various Barracuda 180 models.

Table 1:	Drive model number vs. differentiating features
				Number of I/O
		Data buffer		connector
Model number		size	I/O circuit type [1]	pins
ST1181677LW		4,096 kbytes	Single-ended (SE) and low voltage differential (LVD)	68
ST1181677LWV		16,384 kbytes	Single-ended (SE) and low voltage differential (LVD)	68
ST1181677LC		4,096 kbytes	Single-ended (SE) and low voltage differential (LVD)	80
ST1181677LCV		16,384 kbytes	Single-ended (SE) and low voltage differential (LVD)	80

[1]See Section 9.6 for details and definitions.

The drive records and recovers data on approximately 3.3-inch (84 mm) non-removable discs.

The drive supports the Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) as described in the ANSI SCSI-2/SCSI-3 interface specifications to the extent described in this manual (volume 1), which defines the product performance characteristics of the Barracuda 180 family of drives, and the SCSI Interface Product Manual, which describes the general interface characteristics of this and other families of Seagate SCSI drives.

The drive’s interface supports multiple initiators, disconnect/reconnect, self-configuring host software, and automatic features that relieve the host from the necessity of knowing the physical characteristics of the targets (logical block addressing is used).

The head and disc assembly (HDA) is sealed at the factory. Air circulates within the HDA through a nonreplaceable filter to maintain a contamination-free HDA environment.

Refer to Figure 2 for an exploded view of the drive. This exploded view is for information only— never disassemble the HDA and do not attempt to service items in the sealed enclosure (heads, media, actuator, etc.) as this requires special facilities. The drive contains no replaceable parts. Opening the HDA voids your warranty.

Barracuda 180 drives use a dedicated landing zone at the innermost radius of the media to eliminate the possibility of destroying or degrading data by landing in the data zone. The drive automatically goes to the landing zone when power is removed.

An automatic shipping lock prevents potential damage to the heads and discs that results from movement during shipping and handling. The shipping lock automatically disengages when power is applied to the drive and the head load process begins.

Barracuda 180 drives decode track 0 location data from the servo data embedded on each surface to eliminate mechanical transducer adjustments and related reliability concerns.

A high-performance actuator assembly with a low-inertia, balanced, patented, straight-arm design provides excellent performance with minimal power dissipation.

6	Barracuda 180 Product Manual, Rev. A

Figure 2. Barracuda 180 family drive

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3.1Standard features

The Barracuda 180 family has the following standard features:

•Integrated Ultra160 SCSI controller

•Multimode SCSI drivers and receivers— single-ended (SE) and low voltage differential (LVD)

•16 bit I/O data bus

•Asynchronous and synchronous data transfer protocol (supports Ultra160 transfer rate)

•Firmware downloadable via SCSI interface

•Selectable even byte sector sizes from 512 to 4,096 bytes/sector

•Programmable sector reallocation scheme

•Flawed sector reallocation at format time

•Programmable auto write and read reallocation

•Reallocation of defects on command (post format)

•Enhanced ECC (maximum burst corrections length of 240 bits with a guaranteed burst correction of 233 bits)

•Sealed head and disc assembly

•No preventative maintenance or adjustment required

•Dedicated head landing zone

•Embedded servo design

•Self diagnostics performed when power is applied to the drive

•Zoned bit recording (ZBR)

•Vertical, horizontal, or top down mounting

•Dynamic spindle brake

•4,096 kbyte data buffer (16,384 kbytes on LWV and LCV models)

•Hot plug compatibility for LC and LCV model drives (Section 9.6.4.2 lists proper host connector needed)

•Supports SCSI bus fairness

3.2Media characteristics

The media used on the drive has a diameter of approximately 3.3 inches (84 mm). The aluminum substrate is coated with a thin film magnetic material, overcoated with a proprietary protective layer for improved durability and environmental protection.

3.3Performance

•Supports industry standard Ultra160 SCSI interface

•Programmable multi-segmentable cache buffer (see Section 3.1)

•7,200 RPM spindle. Average latency = 4.17 ms

•Command queuing of up to 64 commands

•Background processing of queue

•Supports start and stop commands (spindle stops spinning)

3.4Reliability

•1,200,000 hour MTBF

•LSI circuitry

•Balanced low mass rotary voice coil actuator

•Incorporates industry-standard Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology (S.M.A.R.T.)

•Incorporates Drive Self Test (DST) technology

•5-year warranty

8	Barracuda 180 Product Manual, Rev. A

3.5Unformatted and formatted capacities

Formatted capacity depends on the number of spare reallocation sectors reserved and the number of bytes per sector. The following table shows the standard OEM model capacities:

	Formatted
	data block size
	512 bytes/sector [1]	Unformatted
ST1181677	1522c441h (181.6 GB) [2]	241.9 GB

Notes.

[1]Sector size selectable at format time. Users having the necessary equipment may modify the data block size before issuing a format command and obtain different formatted capacities than those listed. See Mode Select Command and Format Command in the SCSI Interface Product Manual.

[2]User available capacity depends on spare reallocation scheme selected, the number of data tracks per sparing zone, and the number of alternate sectors (LBAs) per sparing zone.

3.6Programmable drive capacity

Using the Mode Select command, you can change the drive’s capacity to something less than maximum. See the SCSI Interface Product Manual. Refer to the Parameter list block descriptor number of blocks field. A value of zero in the number of blocks field indicates that the drive will not change the capacity it is currently formatted to have. A number in the number of blocks field that is less than the maximum number of LBAs changes the total drive capacity to the value in the block descriptor number of blocks field. A value greater than the maximum number of LBAs is rounded down to the maximum capacity.

3.7Factory installed accessories

OEM standard drives are shipped with the Barracuda 180 Installation Guide, part number 100109942 and the Safety and Regulatory Agency Specifications, part number 75789512 (unless otherwise specified). A small bag of jumper plugs used for the J2, J5, and J6 option select jumper headers are also included with the drive.

3.8Options (factory installed)

All customer requested options are incorporated during production or packaged at the manufacturing facility before shipping. Some of the options available are (not an exhaustive list of possible options):

•Other capacities can be ordered depending on sparing scheme and sector size requested.

•Single unit shipping pack. The drive is normally shipped in bulk packaging to provide maximum protection against transit damage. Units shipped individually require additional protection as provided by the single unit shipping pack. Users planning single unit distribution should specify this option.

•The Barracuda 180 Installation Guide, part number 100109942. This guide is usually included with each standard OEM drive shipped, but you may order extra copies.

•The Safety and Regulatory Agency Specifications, part number 75789512, is usually included with each standard OEM drive shipped, but you may order extra copies.

3.9Accessories (user installed)

The following accessories are available. All accessories may be installed in the field.

• Single unit shipping pack.

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4.0Performance characteristics

4.1Internal drive characteristics (transparent to user)

	ST1181677
Drive capacity	181.6	GBytes (formatted, rounded off values)
Read/write heads	24
Bytes/track	406,071	Bytes (average, rounded off values)
Bytes/surface	19,263	Mbytes (unformatted, rounded off values)
Tracks/surface (total)	24,247	Tracks (user accessible)
Tracks/inch	31,200	TPI
Peak bits/inch	490	KBPI
Internal data rate	282-508	Mbits/sec (variable with zone)
Disc rotational speed	7,200	r/min (+0.5%)
Average rotational latency	4.17	msec

4.2SCSI performance characteristics (visible to user)

The values given in Section 4.2.1 apply to all models of the Barracuda 180 family unless otherwise specified. Refer to Section 9.10 and to the SCSI Interface Product Manual for additional timing details.

4.2.1Access time [5]

	Including controller overhead		Not Including controller overhead
	(without disconnect) [1] [3]		(without disconnect) [1] [3]
	Drive level		Drive level
	Read	Write	Read	Write
	msec		msec
Average— Typical [2]	7.6	8.4	7.4	8.2
Single Track— Typical [2]	1.0	1.3	0.8	1.1
Full Stroke— Typical [2]	16.2	17.2	16.0	17.0

4.2.2Format command execution time (minutes) [1]

	ST1181677
Maximum (with verify)	210
Maximum (no verify)	120

4.2.3Generalized performance characteristics

Minimum sector interleave

1 to 1

Data buffer transfer rate to/from disc media (one 512-byte sector):

Minimum [3]*	25.3	MByte/sec
Average [3]	36.1	MByte/sec
Maximum [3]	47.0	MByte/sec

SCSI interface data transfer rate (asynchronous):
Maximum instantaneous one byte wide	5.0 Mbytes/sec [4]
Maximum instantaneous two bytes wide	10.0 Mbytes/sec [4]
Synchronous formatted transfer rate	Ultra2 SCSI	Ultra160 SCSI
In low voltage differential (LVD) interface mode	5.0 to 80 Mbytes/sec	5.0 to 160 Mbytes/sec

10	Barracuda 180 Product Manual, Rev. A
Sector Sizes:
Default	512 byte user data blocks
Variable	512 to 4,096 bytes per sector in even number of bytes per sector.
	If n (number of bytes per sector) is odd, then n-1 will be used.

Read/write consecutive sectors on a track	Yes
Flaw reallocation performance impact (for flaws reallocated at format time using	Negligible
the spare sectors per sparing zone reallocation scheme.)
Average rotational latency	4.17 msec

Notes for Section 4.2.

[1]Execution time measured from receipt of the last byte of the Command Descriptor Block (CDB) to the request for a Status Byte Transfer to the Initiator (excluding connect/disconnect).

[2]Typical access times are measured under nominal conditions of temperature, voltage, and horizontal orientation as measured on a representative sample of drives.

[3]Assumes no errors and no sector has been relocated.

[4]Assumes system ability to support the rates listed and no cable loss.

[5]Access time = controller overhead + average seek time.

Access to data = controller overhead + average seek time + latency time.

4.3Start/stop time

After DC power at nominal voltage has been applied, the drive becomes ready within 30 seconds if the Motor Start Option is disabled (i.e. the motor starts as soon as the power has been applied). If a recoverable error condition is detected during the start sequence, the drive executes a recovery procedure which may cause the time to become ready to exceed 30 seconds. During spin up to ready time the drive responds to some commands over the SCSI interface in less than 1.5 seconds after application of power. Stop time is less than 30 seconds from removal of DC power.

If the Motor Start Option is enabled, the internal controller accepts the commands listed in the SCSI Interface Product Manual less than 1.5 seconds after DC power has been applied. After the Motor Start Command has been received the drive becomes ready for normal operations within 30 seconds typically (excluding an error recovery procedure). The Motor Start Command can also be used to command the drive to stop the spindle (see SCSI Interface Product Manual).

There is no power control switch on the drive.

4.4Prefetch/multi-segmented cache control

The drive provides prefetch (read look-ahead) and multi-segmented cache control algorithms that in many cases can enhance system performance. “The term “cache” refers to the drive buffer storage space when it is used in cache operations. To select prefetch and cache features, the host sends the Mode Select command with the proper values in the applicable bytes in Mode Page 08h (see SCSI Interface Product Manual). Prefetch and cache operations are independent features from the standpoint that each is enabled and disabled independently using the Mode Select command. However, in actual operation, the prefetch feature overlaps cache operation somewhat as is noted in Section 4.5.1 and 4.5.2.

All default cache and prefetch Mode parameter values (Mode Page 08h) for standard OEM versions of this drive family are provided in Table 7.

4.5Cache operation

In general, 3,600 kbytes (14,399 kbytes of the 16,384 kbytes on LWV and LCV models) of the 4,096 kbytes of physical buffer space in the drive can be used as storage space for cache operations. The buffer can be divided into logical segments (Mode Select Page 08h, byte 13) from which data is read and to which data is written. The drive supports a maximum of 64 cache segments and maintains a table of logical block disk medium addresses of the data stored in each segment of the buffer. If cache operation is enabled (RCD bit = 0 in Mode Page 08h, byte 2, bit 0. See SCSI Interface Product Manual), data requested by the host with a Read command is retrieved from the buffer (if it is there) before any disc access is initiated. If cache operation is not

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enabled, the buffer (still segmented with required number of segments) is still used, but only as circular buffer segments during disc medium read operations (disregarding Prefetch operation for the moment). That is, the drive does not check in the buffer segments for the requested read data, but goes directly to the medium to retrieve it. The retrieved data merely passes through some buffer segment on the way to the host. On a cache miss, all data transfers to the host are in accordance with buffer-full ratio rules. On a cache hit, the drive ignores the buffer-full ratio rules. See explanations associated with Mode page 02h (disconnect/reconnect control) in the SCSI Interface Product Manual.

The following is a simplified description of a read operation with cache operation enabled:

Case A - A Read command is received and the first logical block (LB) is already in cache:

1.Drive transfers to the initiator the first LB requested plus all subsequent contiguous LBs that are already in the cache. This data may be in multiple segments.

2.When the requested LB is reached that is not in any cache segment, the drive fetches it and any remaining requested LBs from the disc and puts them in a segment of the cache. The drive transfers the remaining requested LBs from the cache to the host in accordance with the disconnect/reconnect specification mentioned above.

3.If the prefetch feature is enabled, refer to Section 4.5.2 for operation from this point.

Case B - A Read command requests data, the first LB of which is not in any segment of the cache:

1.The drive fetches the requested LBs from the disc and transfers them into a segment, and from there to the host in accordance with the disconnect/reconnect specification referred to in case A.

2.If the prefetch feature is enabled, refer to Section 4.5.2 for operation from this point.

Each buffer segment is a self-contained circular storage area (wrap-around occurs), the length of which is an integer number of disc medium sectors. The wrap-around capability of the individual segments greatly enhances the buffer’s overall performance as cache storage, allowing a wide range of user selectable configurations, including their use in the prefetch operation (if enabled) even when cache operation is disabled (see Section 4.5.2). The number of segments is set dynamically by the drive and cannot be set by the host. The size in kbytes of each segment is not reported by the Mode Sense command page 08h, bytes 14 and 15. The value 0XFFFF is always reported. If a size specification is sent by the host in a Mode Select command (bytes 14 and 15) no new segment size is set up by the drive, and if the STRICT bit in Mode page 00h (byte 2, bit 1) is set to one, the drive responds as it does for any attempt to change unchangeable parameters (see SCSI Interface Product Manual). The drive supports operation of any integer number of segments from 1 to 64. The default is three segments.

4.5.1Caching write data

Write caching is a write operation that uses the drive buffer storage area where the data to be written to the medium is stored in one or more segments while the drive performs the write command.

If read caching is enabled (RCD=0), data written to the medium is retained in the cache for future read cache hits. The same buffer space and segmentation is used as set up for read functions. The buffer segmentation scheme is set up or changed independently, having nothing to do with the state of the RCD bit. When a write command is issued, if RCD=0, the cache is first checked to see if any logical blocks that are to be written are already stored in the cache from a previous read or write command. If there are, the respective cache segments are cleared. The new data is cached for subsequent Read commands.

If the number of write data logical blocks exceeds the size of the segment being written into, when the end of the segment is reached, the data is written into the beginning of the same cache segment, overwriting the data that was written there at the beginning of the operation. However, the drive does not overwrite data that has not yet been written to the medium.

If write caching is enabled (WCE=1), the drive may return GOOD status on a write command after the data has been transferred into the cache, but before the data has been written to the medium. If an error occurs while writing the data to the medium, and GOOD status has already been returned, a deferred error will occur.

The Synchronize Cache command may be used to force the drive to write all cached write data to the medium. Upon completion of a Synchronize Cache command, all data received from previous write commands will have been written to the medium.

12	Barracuda 180 Product Manual, Rev. A

Tables 7 show Mode default settings for the drives.

4.5.2Prefetch operation

If the Prefetch feature is enabled, data in contiguous logical blocks on the disc immediately beyond that which was requested by a Read command can be retrieved and stored in the buffer for immediate transfer from the buffer to the host on subsequent Read commands that request those logical blocks (this is true even if cache operation is disabled). Though the prefetch operation uses the buffer as a cache, finding the requested data in the buffer is a prefetch hit, not a cache operation hit. Prefetch is enabled using Mode Select page 08h, byte 12, bit 5 (Disable Read Ahead - DRA bit). DRA bit = 0 enables prefetch. Since data that is prefetched replaces data already in some buffer segment(s), the host can limit the amount of prefetch data to optimize system performance. The max prefetch field (bytes 8 and 9) limits the amount of prefetch. The drive does not use the Prefetch Ceiling field (bytes 10 and 11).

During a prefetch operation, the drive crosses a cylinder boundary to fetch more data only if the Discontinuity (DISC) bit is set to one in bit 4 of byte 2 of Mode parameters page 08h.

Whenever prefetch (read look-ahead) is enabled (enabled by DRA = 0), it operates under the control of ARLA (Adaptive Read Look-Ahead). If the host uses software interleave, ARLA enables prefetch of contiguous blocks from the disc when it senses that a prefetch hit will likely occur, even if two consecutive read operations were not for physically contiguous blocks of data (e.g. “software interleave”). ARLA disables prefetch when it decides that a prefetch hit will not likely occur. If the host is not using software interleave, and if two sequential read operations are not for contiguous blocks of data, ARLA disables prefetch, but as long as sequential read operations request contiguous blocks of data, ARLA keeps prefetch enabled.

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5.0Reliability specifications

The following reliability specifications assume correct host/drive operational interface, including all interface timings, power supply voltages, environmental requirements and drive mounting constraints (see Section 8.4).

Seek Errors	Less than 10 in 108 seeks
Read Error Rates [1]
Recovered Data	Less than 10 errors in 1012 bits transferred (OEM default settings)
Unrecovered Data	Less than 1 sector in 1015 bits transferred (OEM default settings)
Miscorrected Data	Less than 1 sector in 1021 bits transferred
MTBF	1,200,000 hours
Service Life	5 years
Preventive Maintenance	None required

Note.

[1]Error rate specified with automatic retries and data correction with ECC enabled and all flaws reallocated.

5.1Error rates

The error rates stated in this specification assume the following:

•The drive is operated per this specification using DC power as defined in this manual (see Section 6.2).

•The drive has been formatted with the SCSI Format command.

•Errors caused by media defects or host system failures are excluded from error rate computations. Refer to Section 3.2, “Media Characteristics.”

•Random data is used.

5.1.1Environmental interference

When evaluating system operation under conditions of Electromagnetic Interference (EMI), the performance of the drive within the system is considered acceptable if the drive does not generate an unrecoverable condition.

An unrecoverable error, or unrecoverable condition, is defined as one that:

•Is not detected and corrected by the drive itself;

•Is not capable of being detected from the error or fault status provided through the drive or SCSI interface; or

•Is not capable of being recovered by normal drive or system recovery procedures without operator intervention.

5.1.2Read errors

Before determination or measurement of read error rates:

•The data to be used for measurement of read error rates must be verified as being written correctly on the media.

•All media defect induced errors must be excluded from error rate calculations.

5.1.3Write errors

Write errors can occur as a result of media defects, environmental interference, or equipment malfunction. Therefore, write errors are not predictable as a function of the number of bits passed.

If an unrecoverable write error occurs because of an equipment malfunction in the drive, the error is classified as a failure affecting MTBF. Unrecoverable write errors are those which cannot be corrected within two attempts at writing the record with a read verify after each attempt (excluding media defects).

5.1.4Seek errors

A seek error is defined as a failure of the drive to position the heads to the addressed track. There shall be no more than ten recoverable seek errors in 108 physical seek operations. After detecting an initial seek error, the drive automatically performs an error recovery process. If the error recovery process fails, a seek positioning error (15h) is reported with a Medium error (3h) or Hardware error (4h) reported in the Sense Key. This is an

14	Barracuda 180 Product Manual, Rev. A

unrecoverable seek error. Unrecoverable seek errors are classified as failures for MTBF calculations. Refer to the SCSI Interface Product Manual for Request Sense information.

5.2Reliability and service

You can enhance the reliability of Barracuda 180 disc drives by ensuring that the drive receives adequate cooling. Section 6.0 provides temperature measurements and other information that you can use to enhance the service life of the drive. Section 8.3 provides recommended air-flow information.

5.2.1Mean time between failure

The production disc drive achieves an MTBF of 1,200,000 hours when operated in an environment that ensures the case temperatures specified in Section 6.4.1 are not exceeded. Short-term excursions up to the specification limits of the operating environment will not affect MTBF performance. Continual or sustained operation at case temperatures above the values specified in Section 6.4.1 may degrade product reliability.

The MTBF target is specified as device power-on hours (POH) for all drives in service per failure.

		Estimated power-on operating hours in the period
	MTBF per measurement period =	__
		Number of drive failures in the period

Estimated power-on operation hours means power-up hours per disc drive times the total number of disc drives in service. Each disc drive must have accumulated at least nine months of operation. Data is calculated on a rolling average base for a minimum period of six months.

MTBF is based on the following assumptions:

•8,760 power-on hours per year.

•250 average on/off cycles per year.

•Operations at nominal voltages.

•Systems will provide adequate cooling to ensure the case temperatures specified in Section 6.4.1 are not exceeded.

Drive failure means any stoppage or substandard performance caused by drive malfunction.

A S.M.A.R.T. predictive failure indicates that the drive is deteriorating to an imminent failure and is considered an MTBF hit.

5.2.2Field failure rate vs. time

The expected field failure rate is listed below. Drive utilization will vary. An estimated range of utilization is:

•720 power-on hours (POH) per month.

•250 on/off cycles per year.

•Read/seek/write operation 90% of power-on hours.

•Systems will provide adequate cooling to ensure the case temperatures specified in Section 6.4.1 are not exceeded.

Month 1	2,500 PPM
Month 2	1,600 PPM
Month 3	1,200 PPM
Month 4	1,000 PPM
Month 5	890 PPM
Month 6	840 PPM
Month 7	805 PPM

Failure rate is calculated as follows:

•No system-induced failures are counted

•Based on 1,200,000 MTBF and 720 power-on hours per month

•Month 1’s rate includes a 300 PPM installation failure

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5.2.3Preventive maintenance

No preventive maintenance is required.

5.2.4Service life

The useful service life of the drive is five years. Depot repair or replacement of major parts is permitted during the lifetime (see Section 5.2.5).

5.2.5Service philosophy

Special equipment is required to repair the drive HDA. In order to achieve the above service life, repairs must be performed only at a properly equipped and staffed service and repair facility. Troubleshooting and repair of PCBs in the field is not recommended, because of the extensive diagnostic equipment required for effective servicing. Also, there are no spare parts available for this drive. Drive warranty is voided if the HDA is opened.

5.2.6Service tools

No special tools are required for site installation or recommended for site maintenance. Refer to Section 5.2.5. The depot repair philosophy of the drive precludes the necessity for special tools. Field repair of the drive is not practical since there are no user purchasable parts in the drive.

5.2.7Hot plugging Barracuda 180 disc drives

The ANSI SPI-3 (T10/1302D) document defines the physical requirements for removal and insertion of SCSI devices on the SCSI bus. Four cases are addressed. The cases are differentiated by the state of the SCSI bus when the removal or insertion occurs.

Case 1 - All bus devices powered off during removal or insertion

Case 2 - RST signal asserted continuously during removal or insertion

Case 3 - Current I/O processes not allowed during insertion or removal

Case 4 - Current I/O process allowed during insertion or removal, except on the device being changed

Seagate Barracuda 180 disc drives support all four hot plugging cases. Provision should be made by the system such that a device being inserted makes power and ground connections prior to the connection of any device signal contact to the bus. A device being removed should maintain power and ground connections after the disconnection of any device signal contact from the bus (see SFF-8046, SCA-2 specification).

It is the responsibility of the systems integrator to assure that no hazards from temperature, energy, voltage, or ESD potential are presented during the hot connect/disconnect operation.

All I/O processes for the SCSI device being inserted or removed should be quiescent. All SCSI devices on the bus should have receivers that conform to the SPI-3 standard.

If the device being hot plugged uses single-ended (SE) drivers and the bus is currently operating in low voltage differential (LVD) mode, then all I/O processes for all devices on the bus must be completed, and the bus quiesced before attempting to hot plug the drive. Following the insertion of the newly installed device, the SCSI host adapter must issue a Bus Reset, followed by a synchronous transfer negotiation. Failure to perform the SCSI Bus Reset could result in erroneous bus operations.

The SCSI bus termination and termination power source must be external to the device being inserted or removed.

End users should not mix devices with high voltage differential (HVD) drivers and receivers and devices with SE, LVD, or multimode drivers and receivers on the same SCSI bus since the common mode voltages in the HVD environment may not be controlled to safe levels for SE and LVD devices (see ANSI SPI-3).

The disc drive spindle must come to a complete stop prior to completely removing the drive from the cabinet chassis. Use of the Stop Spindle command or partial withdrawal of the drive, enough to be disconnected from the power source, prior to removal are methods for insuring that this requirement is met. During drive insertion, care should be taken to avoid exceeding the limits stated in Section 6.4.4, “Shock and vibration” in this manual.

16	Barracuda 180 Product Manual, Rev. A

5.2.8S.M.A.R.T.

S.M.A.R.T. is an acronym for Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology. This technology is intended to recognize conditions that indicate a drive failure and is designed to provide sufficient warning of a failure to allow data back-up before an actual failure occurs.

Note. The firmware will monitor specific attributes for degradation over time but cannot predict instantaneous drive failures.

Each attribute has been selected to monitor a specific set of failure conditions in the operating performance of the drive, and the thresholds are optimized to minimize “false” and “failed” predictions.

Controlling S.M.A.R.T.

The operating mode of S.M.A.R.T. is controlled by the DEXCPT bit and the PERF bit of the “Informational Exceptions Control Mode Page” (1Ch). The DEXCPT bit is used to enable or disable the S.M.A.R.T. process. Setting the DEXCPT bit will disable all S.M.A.R.T. functions. When enabled, S.M.A.R.T. will collect on-line data as the drive performs normal read/write operations. When the PERF bit is set, the drive is considered to be in “On-line Mode Only” and will not perform off-line functions.

The process of measuring off-line attributes and saving data can be forced by the Rezero Unit command. Forcing S.M.A.R.T. will reset the timer so that the next scheduled interrupt will be two hours.

The drive can be interrogated by the host to determine the time remaining before the next scheduled measurement and data logging process will occur. This is accomplished by a log sense command to log page 0x3E. The purpose is to allow the customer to control when S.M.A.R.T. interruptions occur. As described above, forcing S.M.A.R.T by the Rezero Unit command will reset the timer.

Performance impact

S.M.A.R.T. attribute data will be saved to the disc for the purpose of recreating the events that caused a predictive failure. The drive will measure and save parameters once every two hours subject to an idle period on the SCSI bus. The process of measuring off-line attribute data and saving data to the disc is uninterruptable and the maximum delay is summarized below:

Maximum processing delay
On-line only delay	Fully enabled delay
DEXCPT = 0, PERF = 1	DEXCPT = 0, PERF = 0
S.M.A.R.T. delay times 50 milliseconds	300 milliseconds

Reporting control

Reporting is controlled in the Informational Exceptions Control Page (1Ch). Subject to the reporting method, the firmware will issue a 01-5D00 sense code to the host. The error code is preserved through bus resets and power cycles.

Determining rate

S.M.A.R.T. monitors the rate at which errors occur and signals a predictive failure if the rate of degraded error rate increases to an unacceptable level. To determine rate, error events are logged and compared to the number of total operations for a given attribute. The interval defines the number of operations over which to measure the rate. The counter that keeps track of the current number of operations is referred to as the Interval Counter.

S.M.A.R.T. measures error rate, hence for each attribute the occurrence of an error is recorded. A counter keeps track of the number of errors for the current interval. This counter is referred to as the Failure Counter.

Error rate is simply the number of errors per operation. The algorithm that S.M.A.R.T. uses to record rates of error is to set thresholds for the number of errors and the interval. If the number of errors exceeds the threshold before the interval expires, then the error rate is considered to be unacceptable. If the number of errors does not exceed the threshold before the interval expires, then the error rate is considered to be acceptable. In either case, the interval and failure counters are reset and the process starts over.