Parr Instrument 4570 User Manual
4570
HP/HT Pressure Reactors
Operating Instruction Manual
397M
Parr Instrument Company
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Related Instructions.......................2
Customer Service..........................2
Preface...............................................3
Scope............................................3
Safety Information.........................3
General Specifications ..................3
Explanation of Symbols.................4
Environmental Conditions .............4
Provisions for Lifting and
Carrying.........................................4
Intended Usage.............................5
User’s Responsibility.....................5
Unpack Carefully...........................5
Installation.........................................6
Pressure and Temperature
Limits.............................................6
Assemble the Reactor......................7
Identify the Valves............................10
Gas Inlet Valve..............................10
Gas Release Valve........................10
Liquid Sampling Valve...................10
Other Vessel Head Fittings..............11
Safety Rupture Discs.....................11
Type J Thermocouple....................11
Pressure Gage..............................11
Gage and Valve Adapters.............11
How to Use the Vessel .....................12
Fixed Head Vessels ......................12
Removable Head Vessels.............12
Accessories ......................................14
Internal Cooling Coil......................14
Liners ............................................14
Spare Parts Kits ............................14
Variable Speed Electric Motor.......14
Air Motor........................................15
Pneumatic Lift for Fixed
Head Vessels................................16
4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors
Explosion Proof Operation..............17
Periodic Pressure Tests ..................18
General Maintenance Notes............19
Reaction Vessel Parts List ..............20
Reaction Vessel Parts List............20
Overarm Parts List........................24
Vessel Heater Stand & Parts List..26
4570 Vessel Stand Parts List........27
Related Instructions
The following Parr publications are also
available to further your understanding of
this instrument and its component parts:
No. Description
230M Safety Precautions to be observed
when operating Pressure Reaction
Equipment
231M Operating Instructions for Parr Safety
Rupture Discs
234M Operating and Maintenance
Instructions for Parr Magnetic Drives
323M Operating Instructions for Parr
Pressure Relief Valves
548M Operating Instructions for 4848
Reactor Controllers
201M Limited Warranty
F0042 Health & Safety Assurance
Certification
Customer Service
Questions concerning the installation or
operation of this instrument can be
answered by the Parr Customer Service
Department:
309-762-7716
800-872-7720
Fax: 309-762-9453
www.parrinst.com
parr@parrinst.com
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Parr Instrument Company
4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors
PREFACE
Scope
These instructions describe the
installation, operation and maintenance of
Parr Series 4570 HP/ HT Pressure Reactors
offered in two sizes, 1.0 and 1.8 L. They
cover the basic steps to be followed when
installing these reactors and describe the
function of all standard components. They
are intended to be used in conjunction with
several related instruction sheets listed on
the previous page. This information
describes several components that are
common to most Parr pressure reaction
equipment, and includes safety precautions
and other related information applicable to
all reaction laboratories. The users should
study all of these instructions carefully
before starting to use these vessels so that
they will fully understand the capabilities and
limitations of the equipment.
Safety Information
To avoid electrical shock, always:
1. Use a properly grounded electrical outlet
of correct voltage and current handling
capability.
2. Ensure that the equipment is connected
to electrical service according to local
national electrical codes. Failure to
properly connect may create a fire or
shock hazard.
3. For continued protection against possible
hazard, replace fuses with same type
and rating of fuse.
4. Disconnect from the power supply before
maintenance or servicing.
To avoid personal injury:
1. Do not use in the presence of flammable
or combustible materials; fire or
explosion may result. This device
contains components which may ignite
such material.
2. Refer servicing to qualified personnel.
General Specifications
Electrical Ratings
Controller ratings are found in the
Operating Instructions for the controller
supplied with your reactor and on the
controller data plate.
Before connecting a controller to an
electrical outlet, the user must be certain
that the electrical outlet has an earth ground
connection and that the line, load and other
characteristics of the installation do not
exceed the following limits:
Voltage: Fluctuations in the line voltage
should not exceed 10% of the rated nominal
voltage shown on the data plate.
Frequency: Controllers can be operated
from either a 50 or 60 Hertz power supply
without affecting their operation or calibration.
Current: The total current drawn should not
exceed the rating shown on the data plate
on the controller by more than 10 percent.
Thermocouple: Unless otherwise specified,
all Series 4848 Controllers operate with a
Type J (iron-constantan) thermocouple. The
total resistance of the thermocouple and the
lead wires should not exceed 20 ohms. If
the resistance of the thermocouple circuit is
higher, it will reduce the sensitivity of the
control system.
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Parr Instrument Company
4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors
PREFACE (Continued)
Explanation of Symbols
II
I
O
~
On position, full power heater switch
On position, half power heater switch
Off Position
Alternating Current (AC)
This CAUTION symbol may be present on the Product
Instrumentation and literature. If present on the product,
the user must consult the appropriate part of the
accompanying product literature for more information.
This CAUTION symbol indicates that the surface may
be hot.
Protective Earth (PE) terminal. Provided for
connection of the Protective Earth (green or
green/yellow) supply system conductor.
Environmental Conditions
This apparatus is to be used indoors.
Operating: 15 °C to 35 °C; maximum relative
humidity of 80% non-condensing. Installation
Category II (overvoltage) in accordance with
IEC 664. Pollution degree 2 in accordance
with IEC 664.
Altitude Limit: 2,000 meters.
Storage: -25 °C and 65 °C; 10% to 85%
relative humidity.
Provisions for Lifting and Carrying
The Series 4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactor
and its components are very heavy. Before
moving ensure all cables are disconnected.
Use proper and safe lifting techniques when
installing or moving the 4570 and/or its
components.
Caution
Do not use in hazardous
atmospheres.
Cleaning & Maintenance
Periodic cleaning may be performed on the
exterior surfaces of the instrument with a
lightly dampened cloth containing mild soap
solution. All power should be disconnected
when cleaning the instrument.
There are no user serviceable parts inside
the product other than what is specifically
called out and discussed in this manual.
Advanced troubleshooting instructions beyond
the scope of this manual can be obtained by
calling Parr Instrument Company in order to
determine which part(s) may be replaced or
serviced.
Caution
Ensure that any hot surfaces
have had adequate time to
cool before cleaning or
maintaining the reactor and/or
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its components.
Parr Instrument Company
PREFACE (Continued)
Intended Usage
This system has been designed for use as
a high pressure reactor system. It has been
designed, built, and tested to strict physical
and electrical standards. However, it is the
user's responsibility to install and operate it in
conformance with local pressure and electrical
codes. If this equipment is used in a manner
beyond its intended usage, the protection
provided by the equipment may be impaired.
User’s Responsibility
All Parr Reactors and Pressure Vessels
are designed and manufactured with great
care to assure safe operation when used
within their prescribed temperature and
pressure limits. But… the basic responsibility
for safety when using this equipment rests
entirely with the user; who must:
1. Select a reactor or pressure vessel
that has the capability, pressure rating,
corrosion resistance, and design features
that are suitable for its intended use. Parr
engineers will be glad to discuss available
equipment and material options with
prospective users, but the final
responsibility for selecting a reactor or
pressure vessel that will perform to the
user's satisfaction in any particular reaction
or test must rest with the user - not with
Parr.
In exercising the responsibility for the
selection of pressure equipment, the
prospective user is often faced with the
choice between over-or under-designed
equipment. The hazards introduced by
under-designed pressure vessels are
readily apparent, but the penalties that
must be paid for over-designed apparatus
are often overlooked. Recognizing these
criteria, Parr reactors and pressure vessels
are offered in several different styles, each
designed
operation within certain temperature and
pressure limits, using gaskets, closures,
and other elements carefully selected for
safe operation within the limits specified
for convenient use in daily
4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors
for that design. But in order to preserve
the validity of these designs, all
temperature and pressure limits must be
observed, and no attempt should be made
to increase these limits by making
alterations or by substituting components
which are not recommended by Parr
Instrument Company.
2. Install and operate the equipment within
a suitable barricade, if required, with
appropriate safety accessories and in full
compliance with local safety codes and
rules.
All standard Parr pressure vessels are
provided with either a suitable relief device
or a means to attach one (typically in the
form of a plugged opening). When a
pressure vessel is delivered without a
pressure venting device, it is the
customer’s responsibility to provide
pressure relief in order to protect the
operator and the equipment from
destructive high pressures. If you need
more information or need help in selecting
a proper relief device, please contact Parr
Instrument Company.
3. Establish training procedures to
ensure that any person handling the
equipment knows how to use it properly.
4. Maintain the equipment in good
condition and establish procedures for
periodic testing to be sure the vessel
remains structurally sound.
Unpack Carefully
Unpack the equipment carefully and check
all the parts against the packing list. If
shipping damage is discovered, report it
immediately to the delivering carriers. The
vessels, heater block, and controller may be
packed separately for convenience in
shipping, but these parts are easily
reassembled. Examine the components
closely for any loose parts or shipping damage
and be sure to check all layers of packing
materials thoroughly so as not to overlook any
parts which might otherwise be discarded.
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Parr Instrument Company
INSTALLATION
Pressure and Temperature Limits
The working pressure and temperature at
which any reactor or pressure vessel can be
used will depend upon the design of the vessel
and the materials used in its construction.
Since all materials lose strength at elevated
temperatures, any pressure rating must be
stated in terms of the temperature at which it
applies. The standard material of construction
for Parr Instrument Company is Type 316
Stainless Steel.
Limits for vessels made of other materials
and for other operating temperatures can be
obtained from Parr Customer Service. No
attempt should be made to increase these
limits by making alterations or by substituting
components that are not recommended by
the Parr Instrument Company. It must also
be understood that lower pressure and
temperature limits may be required for
modified reactors and for vessels made of
special alloys.
Limits for vessels will be determined by
the physical characteristics of the vessel
material and will be prescribed on an
individual basis.
The maximum working pressure and
temperature for any vessel is governed by
the design of the vessel and the strength of
the material from which it is constructed.
There is also a close relationship between
working pressure and temperature since the
strength of any material will normally fall off
as the temperature is increased.
Temperature and pressure limits are also
affected by the physical properties and
temperature limits of the gaskets and seals
used in the vessel, and by any valves,
gages or other fittings attached to the
vessel. Obviously, the safe operating
pressure of any system can be no higher
than that of its lowest rated component.
4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors
All Parr reactors show the maximum safe
operating pressure and temperature
imprinted on the cylinder.
The working pressure and temperature in
these 1.0 and 1.8 liter reactors must not
exceed the following maximum limits:
Pressure and Temperature Limits
Bomb
Material
T316SS 5000 psig
Maximum
Pressure
Maximum
Temperature
500 C Flexible
Graphite Gasket
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Parr Instrument Company
ASSEMBLE THE REACTOR
These reactors require at least 10 sq. ft.
of workspace in a well-ventilated area with
convenient access to an electric outlet,
running water, air and a drain.
1. Set the stand in the workspace.
2A. Removable Vessels.
First pivot the overarm assembly to the
back of the support stand.
The pressure vessel has been shipped
as a complete assembly; it may be
easiest on the initial setup to place the
entire pressure vessel assembly into
the heater. Note: The complete
assembly does not need to be removed
from the heater during opening and
closing operations. It is designed so
that the cylinder can remain in the
heater while the head and split rings
are attached or removed.
Once the vessel assembly is in place
rotate the magnetic stirrer by hand to
make sure that it turns freely. Then
move the overarm back into position
above the vessel. The knob on the top
of the overarm will raise the upper shaft
with coupling for attachment to the
adapter on the top of the magnetic
stirrer. Push down and rotate the
upper shaft to bring these components
into alignment.
Occasionally the motor housing and
overarm assembly may vibrate out of
the standard position. If the upper
shaft is not in alignment with the center
of the top of the magnetic stirrer it will
be necessary to loosen the bolt which
attaches the motor housing to the
support stand. Remove the motor
housing panel, there is a single bolt
that runs through the lower housing
support and the top shelf of the floor
stand.
4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors
Once the bolt is loosened, rotate the
housing the required amount, connect
the upper shaft to the magnetic stirrer
and then tighten the motor housing
bolt.
2B. Fixed Head Reactor.
Bolt the stand to the floor
using the holes in the
base plate.
Remove the (2) flat head socket cap
screws of the vessel retainer mounted
on the midplate of the support stand
and remove the retainer bracket.
The pressure vessel has been shipped
as a complete assembly. It is
necessary to loosen the split ring bolts
and remove the split ring. Lift the head
assembly out of the cylinder and slide it
into the midplate of the stand. Reinstall the retainer bracket. The
cylinder should be placed in the
cylinder lift bracket.
Pull up on the release knob located on
top of the belt guard. This knob is
attached to the upper drive shaft and
the universal coupling. Lifting the knob
will allow the alignment of the universal
coupling and the drive adapter attached
to the magnetic drive. Turn the knob to
align the slot in the drive adapter with
the universal coupling.
Rotate the magnetic stirrer by hand to
make sure that it turns freely.
Connect an air line to the 1/4” quick
disconnect fitting at the base of the
support stand. This pneumatic lift
package will raise or lower the cylinder.
It may also be used for the heater. The
lever on the side panel of the support
frame controls the lift motion.
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Parr Instrument Company
4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors
ASSEMBLE THE REACTOR
Continued)
(
The pneumatic package includes a
pressure regulator with gage located
inside of the support stand housing. It
can be accessed by removing the back
panel of the support stand. The
regulator has been preset to 50 psi.
The regulator can be adjusted by lifting
up on the cap. Rotate clockwise to
increase pressure, counter-clockwise to
decrease the amount of pressure sent
to the pneumatic lift cylinder. Press the
cap back down after setting the
pressure.
The flow control valves have been
preset for optimum performance. Both
the speed and lifting capacity of the
pneumatic lift package can be adjusted
with the flow control valves located on
the input and output ports of the
pneumatic cylinder.
3. The Series 4848 Reactor Controller is
attached either to the work surface of the
moveable floor stand or to the shelf of
the fixed head support stand. The
controller/shelf attaches to the side panel
of the fixed head stand.
Set the Temperature Controller near the
reactor, leaving a space of at least six
inches between the controller and the base
of the reactor so that the controller will not
be unduly affected by radiant heat. Connect
the reactor to the controller using
information contained in its Instruction
Manual 548M or follow the steps below.
Labeled connections are provided on the
rear panel of the controller.
Parr Cooling Only:
The
Parr Cooling
used only with Parr Instrument Company
cooling solenoid valve assemblies supplied
with the appropriate cooling power cord.
Parr Heating Only:
The
Parr Heating
used only with Parr Instrument Company
heater assemblies supplied with the
appropriate heater power cord.
make connections to a Variac, Powerstat or
the like to attempt to control the heating
output. The heavy inductive load on the
primary side of such devices can destroy the
internal sold state relay located in the 4848
controller.
Motor:
Secure the clamp on motor cord
to the controller with the
provided screw next to the motor
socket for safety purposes.
The Motor output connector is to be used
only with Parr Instrument Company motor
assemblies supplied with the appropriate
motor power cord.
4. Connect the heater cord from the heater
into the heater socket on the rear panel
of the Series 4848 Reactor Controller.
5. Plug the motor cord into the motor socket
on the rear of the controller.
output connector is to be
output connector is to be
Note:
Secure the clamp on the
motor cord with the
provided screw next to the
motor socket for safety
purposes.
Do not
- 8 -
Parr Instrument Company
4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors
ASSEMBLE THE REACTOR
Continued)
(
6. Connect the thermocouple and extension
wire to both the thermocouple and to the
controller in the “Primary Temp Input”
position on the rear panel. Insert the
thermocouple in the thermowell.
7. Connect leads from accessory packages
such as tachometer, pressure transducer
and high temp cut-off to the designated
positions on the back panel of the 4848
Controller.
8. Connect cooling water to the magnetic
drive. See Instruction Manual No. 234M.
9. Connect tubing to the rupture disc outlet
and run to a safely vented area. See
Instruction Manual 231M.
10. Note the voltage and amperage
requirement stamped on the controller
data plate, and then plug the power cord
into an appropriate outlet. Power for
these reactors should be drawn from a
grounded outlet capable of carrying up to
the full current rating of the reactor.
11. If an electric stirrer motor is supplied,
turn the speed control knob fully
counterclockwise on the Reactor
Controller, turn on the motor switch and
slightly increase the speed for a short run
to check the stirrer drive system but do
not turn on the heater, put heater toggle
switch in center position (OFF). There
must always be a vessel in the heater
when it is turned on, and the vessel and
heater sizes must match. If the heater is
operated without proper size vessel in
contact with the mantle, the mantle may
overheat and fail.
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