Parr Instrument 4570 User Manual

4570

HP/HT Pressure Reactors

Operating Instruction Manual

397M

Parr Instrument Company

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Related Instructions.......................2

Customer Service..........................2

Preface...............................................3

Scope............................................3

Safety Information.........................3

General Specifications ..................3

Explanation of Symbols.................4

Environmental Conditions .............4

Provisions for Lifting and

Carrying.........................................4

Intended Usage.............................5

User’s Responsibility.....................5

Unpack Carefully...........................5

Installation.........................................6

Pressure and Temperature

Limits.............................................6

Assemble the Reactor......................7

Identify the Valves............................10

Gas Inlet Valve..............................10

Gas Release Valve........................10

Liquid Sampling Valve...................10

Other Vessel Head Fittings..............11

Safety Rupture Discs.....................11

Type J Thermocouple....................11

Pressure Gage..............................11

Gage and Valve Adapters.............11

How to Use the Vessel .....................12

Fixed Head Vessels ......................12

Removable Head Vessels.............12

Accessories ......................................14

Internal Cooling Coil......................14

Liners ............................................14

Spare Parts Kits ............................14

Variable Speed Electric Motor.......14

Air Motor........................................15

Pneumatic Lift for Fixed

Head Vessels................................16

4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors

Explosion Proof Operation..............17

Periodic Pressure Tests ..................18

General Maintenance Notes............19

Reaction Vessel Parts List ..............20

Reaction Vessel Parts List............20

Overarm Parts List........................24

Vessel Heater Stand & Parts List..26

4570 Vessel Stand Parts List........27

Related Instructions

The following Parr publications are also
available to further your understanding of
this instrument and its component parts:

No. Description

230M Safety Precautions to be observed

when operating Pressure Reaction
Equipment

231M Operating Instructions for Parr Safety

Rupture Discs

234M Operating and Maintenance

Instructions for Parr Magnetic Drives

323M Operating Instructions for Parr

Pressure Relief Valves

548M Operating Instructions for 4848

Reactor Controllers
201M Limited Warranty
F0042 Health & Safety Assurance

Certification

Customer Service

Questions concerning the installation or
operation of this instrument can be
answered by the Parr Customer Service
Department:

309-762-7716
800-872-7720
Fax: [phone]
www.parrinst.com
[e-mail]

- 2 -

Parr Instrument Company

4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors

PREFACE

Scope

These instructions describe the
installation, operation and maintenance of
Parr Series 4570 HP/ HT Pressure Reactors
offered in two sizes, 1.0 and 1.8 L. They
cover the basic steps to be followed when
installing these reactors and describe the
function of all standard components. They
are intended to be used in conjunction with
several related instruction sheets listed on
the previous page. This information
describes several components that are
common to most Parr pressure reaction
equipment, and includes safety precautions
and other related information applicable to
all reaction laboratories. The users should
study all of these instructions carefully
before starting to use these vessels so that
they will fully understand the capabilities and
limitations of the equipment.

Safety Information

To avoid electrical shock, always:

1. Use a properly grounded electrical outlet

of correct voltage and current handling

capability.

2. Ensure that the equipment is connected

to electrical service according to local

national electrical codes. Failure to

properly connect may create a fire or

shock hazard.

3. For continued protection against possible

hazard, replace fuses with same type

and rating of fuse.

4. Disconnect from the power supply before

maintenance or servicing.

To avoid personal injury:

1. Do not use in the presence of flammable

or combustible materials; fire or

explosion may result. This device

contains components which may ignite

such material.

2. Refer servicing to qualified personnel.

General Specifications

Electrical Ratings

Controller ratings are found in the
Operating Instructions for the controller
supplied with your reactor and on the
controller data plate.

Before connecting a controller to an
electrical outlet, the user must be certain
that the electrical outlet has an earth ground
connection and that the line, load and other
characteristics of the installation do not
exceed the following limits:

Voltage: Fluctuations in the line voltage
should not exceed 10% of the rated nominal
voltage shown on the data plate.

Frequency: Controllers can be operated
from either a 50 or 60 Hertz power supply
without affecting their operation or calibration.

Current: The total current drawn should not
exceed the rating shown on the data plate
on the controller by more than 10 percent.

Thermocouple: Unless otherwise specified,
all Series 4848 Controllers operate with a
Type J (iron-constantan) thermocouple. The
total resistance of the thermocouple and the
lead wires should not exceed 20 ohms. If
the resistance of the thermocouple circuit is
higher, it will reduce the sensitivity of the
control system.

- 3 -

Parr Instrument Company

4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors

PREFACE (Continued)

Explanation of Symbols

II

I

O

~

On position, full power heater switch
On position, half power heater switch
Off Position
Alternating Current (AC)
This CAUTION symbol may be present on the Product

Instrumentation and literature. If present on the product,
the user must consult the appropriate part of the
accompanying product literature for more information.

This CAUTION symbol indicates that the surface may
be hot.

Protective Earth (PE) terminal. Provided for
connection of the Protective Earth (green or
green/yellow) supply system conductor.

Environmental Conditions

This apparatus is to be used indoors.

Operating: 15 °C to 35 °C; maximum relative
humidity of 80% non-condensing. Installation
Category II (overvoltage) in accordance with
IEC 664. Pollution degree 2 in accordance
with IEC 664.

Altitude Limit: 2,000 meters.
Storage: -25 °C and 65 °C; 10% to 85%

relative humidity.

Provisions for Lifting and Carrying

The Series 4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactor
and its components are very heavy. Before
moving ensure all cables are disconnected.
Use proper and safe lifting techniques when
installing or moving the 4570 and/or its
components.

Caution

Do not use in hazardous
atmospheres.

Cleaning & Maintenance

Periodic cleaning may be performed on the
exterior surfaces of the instrument with a
lightly dampened cloth containing mild soap
solution. All power should be disconnected
when cleaning the instrument.

There are no user serviceable parts inside
the product other than what is specifically
called out and discussed in this manual.
Advanced troubleshooting instructions beyond
the scope of this manual can be obtained by
calling Parr Instrument Company in order to
determine which part(s) may be replaced or
serviced.

Caution

Ensure that any hot surfaces
have had adequate time to
cool before cleaning or
maintaining the reactor and/or

- 4 -

its components.

Parr Instrument Company

PREFACE (Continued)

Intended Usage

This system has been designed for use as
a high pressure reactor system. It has been
designed, built, and tested to strict physical
and electrical standards. However, it is the
user's responsibility to install and operate it in
conformance with local pressure and electrical
codes. If this equipment is used in a manner
beyond its intended usage, the protection
provided by the equipment may be impaired.

User’s Responsibility

All Parr Reactors and Pressure Vessels
are designed and manufactured with great
care to assure safe operation when used
within their prescribed temperature and
pressure limits. But… the basic responsibility
for safety when using this equipment rests
entirely with the user; who must:

1. Select a reactor or pressure vessel

that has the capability, pressure rating,

corrosion resistance, and design features

that are suitable for its intended use. Parr

engineers will be glad to discuss available

equipment and material options with

prospective users, but the final

responsibility for selecting a reactor or

pressure vessel that will perform to the

user's satisfaction in any particular reaction

or test must rest with the user - not with

Parr.

In exercising the responsibility for the
selection of pressure equipment, the
prospective user is often faced with the
choice between over-or under-designed
equipment. The hazards introduced by
under-designed pressure vessels are
readily apparent, but the penalties that
must be paid for over-designed apparatus
are often overlooked. Recognizing these
criteria, Parr reactors and pressure vessels
are offered in several different styles, each
designed
operation within certain temperature and
pressure limits, using gaskets, closures,
and other elements carefully selected for
safe operation within the limits specified

for convenient use in daily

4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors

for that design. But in order to preserve
the validity of these designs, all
temperature and pressure limits must be
observed, and no attempt should be made
to increase these limits by making
alterations or by substituting components
which are not recommended by Parr
Instrument Company.

2. Install and operate the equipment within
a suitable barricade, if required, with
appropriate safety accessories and in full
compliance with local safety codes and
rules.

All standard Parr pressure vessels are
provided with either a suitable relief device
or a means to attach one (typically in the
form of a plugged opening). When a
pressure vessel is delivered without a
pressure venting device, it is the
customer’s responsibility to provide
pressure relief in order to protect the
operator and the equipment from
destructive high pressures. If you need
more information or need help in selecting
a proper relief device, please contact Parr
Instrument Company.

3. Establish training procedures to
ensure that any person handling the
equipment knows how to use it properly.

4. Maintain the equipment in good
condition and establish procedures for
periodic testing to be sure the vessel
remains structurally sound.

Unpack Carefully

Unpack the equipment carefully and check

all the parts against the packing list. If
shipping damage is discovered, report it
immediately to the delivering carriers. The
vessels, heater block, and controller may be
packed separately for convenience in
shipping, but these parts are easily
reassembled. Examine the components
closely for any loose parts or shipping damage
and be sure to check all layers of packing
materials thoroughly so as not to overlook any
parts which might otherwise be discarded.

- 5 -

Parr Instrument Company

INSTALLATION

Pressure and Temperature Limits

The working pressure and temperature at
which any reactor or pressure vessel can be
used will depend upon the design of the vessel
and the materials used in its construction.
Since all materials lose strength at elevated
temperatures, any pressure rating must be
stated in terms of the temperature at which it
applies. The standard material of construction
for Parr Instrument Company is Type 316
Stainless Steel.

Limits for vessels made of other materials
and for other operating temperatures can be
obtained from Parr Customer Service. No
attempt should be made to increase these
limits by making alterations or by substituting
components that are not recommended by
the Parr Instrument Company. It must also
be understood that lower pressure and
temperature limits may be required for
modified reactors and for vessels made of
special alloys.

Limits for vessels will be determined by
the physical characteristics of the vessel
material and will be prescribed on an
individual basis.

The maximum working pressure and
temperature for any vessel is governed by
the design of the vessel and the strength of
the material from which it is constructed.
There is also a close relationship between
working pressure and temperature since the
strength of any material will normally fall off
as the temperature is increased.
Temperature and pressure limits are also
affected by the physical properties and
temperature limits of the gaskets and seals
used in the vessel, and by any valves,
gages or other fittings attached to the
vessel. Obviously, the safe operating
pressure of any system can be no higher
than that of its lowest rated component.

4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors

All Parr reactors show the maximum safe
operating pressure and temperature
imprinted on the cylinder.

The working pressure and temperature in
these 1.0 and 1.8 liter reactors must not
exceed the following maximum limits:

Pressure and Temperature Limits
Bomb
Material

T316SS 5000 psig

Maximum
Pressure

Maximum
Temperature

500 C Flexible
Graphite Gasket

- 6 -

Parr Instrument Company

ASSEMBLE THE REACTOR

These reactors require at least 10 sq. ft.
of workspace in a well-ventilated area with
convenient access to an electric outlet,
running water, air and a drain.

1. Set the stand in the workspace.
2A. Removable Vessels.

First pivot the overarm assembly to the
back of the support stand.

The pressure vessel has been shipped
as a complete assembly; it may be
easiest on the initial setup to place the
entire pressure vessel assembly into
the heater. Note: The complete
assembly does not need to be removed
from the heater during opening and
closing operations. It is designed so
that the cylinder can remain in the
heater while the head and split rings
are attached or removed.

Once the vessel assembly is in place
rotate the magnetic stirrer by hand to
make sure that it turns freely. Then
move the overarm back into position
above the vessel. The knob on the top
of the overarm will raise the upper shaft
with coupling for attachment to the
adapter on the top of the magnetic
stirrer. Push down and rotate the
upper shaft to bring these components
into alignment.

Occasionally the motor housing and
overarm assembly may vibrate out of
the standard position. If the upper
shaft is not in alignment with the center
of the top of the magnetic stirrer it will
be necessary to loosen the bolt which
attaches the motor housing to the
support stand. Remove the motor
housing panel, there is a single bolt
that runs through the lower housing
support and the top shelf of the floor
stand.

4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors

Once the bolt is loosened, rotate the
housing the required amount, connect
the upper shaft to the magnetic stirrer
and then tighten the motor housing
bolt.

2B. Fixed Head Reactor.

Bolt the stand to the floor
using the holes in the
base plate.

Remove the (2) flat head socket cap
screws of the vessel retainer mounted
on the midplate of the support stand
and remove the retainer bracket.

The pressure vessel has been shipped
as a complete assembly. It is
necessary to loosen the split ring bolts
and remove the split ring. Lift the head
assembly out of the cylinder and slide it
into the midplate of the stand. Re­install the retainer bracket. The
cylinder should be placed in the
cylinder lift bracket.

Pull up on the release knob located on
top of the belt guard. This knob is
attached to the upper drive shaft and
the universal coupling. Lifting the knob
will allow the alignment of the universal
coupling and the drive adapter attached
to the magnetic drive. Turn the knob to
align the slot in the drive adapter with
the universal coupling.

Rotate the magnetic stirrer by hand to
make sure that it turns freely.

Connect an air line to the 1/4” quick
disconnect fitting at the base of the
support stand. This pneumatic lift
package will raise or lower the cylinder.
It may also be used for the heater. The
lever on the side panel of the support
frame controls the lift motion.

- 7 -

Parr Instrument Company

4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors

ASSEMBLE THE REACTOR

Continued)

(

The pneumatic package includes a
pressure regulator with gage located
inside of the support stand housing. It
can be accessed by removing the back
panel of the support stand. The
regulator has been preset to 50 psi.
The regulator can be adjusted by lifting
up on the cap. Rotate clockwise to
increase pressure, counter-clockwise to
decrease the amount of pressure sent
to the pneumatic lift cylinder. Press the
cap back down after setting the
pressure.

The flow control valves have been
preset for optimum performance. Both
the speed and lifting capacity of the
pneumatic lift package can be adjusted
with the flow control valves located on
the input and output ports of the
pneumatic cylinder.

3. The Series 4848 Reactor Controller is

attached either to the work surface of the

moveable floor stand or to the shelf of

the fixed head support stand. The

controller/shelf attaches to the side panel

of the fixed head stand.
Set the Temperature Controller near the

reactor, leaving a space of at least six
inches between the controller and the base
of the reactor so that the controller will not
be unduly affected by radiant heat. Connect
the reactor to the controller using
information contained in its Instruction
Manual 548M or follow the steps below.

Labeled connections are provided on the
rear panel of the controller.

Parr Cooling Only:

The

Parr Cooling

used only with Parr Instrument Company
cooling solenoid valve assemblies supplied
with the appropriate cooling power cord.

Parr Heating Only:

The

Parr Heating

used only with Parr Instrument Company
heater assemblies supplied with the
appropriate heater power cord.
make connections to a Variac, Powerstat or
the like to attempt to control the heating
output. The heavy inductive load on the
primary side of such devices can destroy the
internal sold state relay located in the 4848
controller.

Motor:
Secure the clamp on motor cord
to the controller with the
provided screw next to the motor
socket for safety purposes.

The Motor output connector is to be used
only with Parr Instrument Company motor
assemblies supplied with the appropriate
motor power cord.

4. Connect the heater cord from the heater
into the heater socket on the rear panel
of the Series 4848 Reactor Controller.

5. Plug the motor cord into the motor socket
on the rear of the controller.

output connector is to be

output connector is to be

Note:

Secure the clamp on the
motor cord with the
provided screw next to the
motor socket for safety
purposes.

Do not

- 8 -

Parr Instrument Company

4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors

ASSEMBLE THE REACTOR

Continued)

(

6. Connect the thermocouple and extension
wire to both the thermocouple and to the
controller in the “Primary Temp Input”
position on the rear panel. Insert the
thermocouple in the thermowell.

7. Connect leads from accessory packages
such as tachometer, pressure transducer
and high temp cut-off to the designated
positions on the back panel of the 4848
Controller.

8. Connect cooling water to the magnetic
drive. See Instruction Manual No. 234M.

9. Connect tubing to the rupture disc outlet
and run to a safely vented area. See
Instruction Manual 231M.

10. Note the voltage and amperage
requirement stamped on the controller
data plate, and then plug the power cord
into an appropriate outlet. Power for
these reactors should be drawn from a
grounded outlet capable of carrying up to
the full current rating of the reactor.

11. If an electric stirrer motor is supplied,
turn the speed control knob fully
counterclockwise on the Reactor
Controller, turn on the motor switch and
slightly increase the speed for a short run
to check the stirrer drive system but do
not turn on the heater, put heater toggle
switch in center position (OFF). There
must always be a vessel in the heater
when it is turned on, and the vessel and
heater sizes must match. If the heater is
operated without proper size vessel in
contact with the mantle, the mantle may
overheat and fail.

- 9 -

Parr Instrument Company

4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors

IDENTIFY THE VALVES

Gas Inlet Valve

The gas inlet valve is easily identified
when the bomb is open by noting that it is
connected to a dip tube that extends to a
point near the bottom of the cylinder. This
valve has an attached fitting which provides
a socket for attaching the A506HC pressure
hose furnished with the reactor.

Gas Release Valve

The gas release valve is installed in a
port without any attachments installed on the
underside of the head. Gas released from
this valve will be drawn from the headspace
of the vessel.

Pressure Transducer (optional)

Thermocouple / Thermowell

Lower Guide Bearing

Adjustable Impeller(s)

Magnetic Drive

Gas Release Valve

Safety Rupture Disc

Liquid Sampling Valve

The liquid sampling valve is attached to
the same fitting as the gas inlet valve and
connected to the same dip tube. With this
arrangement, incoming gas is always
introduced below the surface of the liquid
and the operator is provided with a means
for clearing the dip tube to be sure that any
sample taken during a run will be
representative of the charge. This can be
done by opening the upper gas inlet valve
momentarily to allow the inlet gas to force
any liquid in the dip tube back into the
reactor before withdrawing a sample from
the sampling valve.

Pressure Gage

Gas Inlet Valve

Liquid Sampling Valve

Stirring Shaft

Dip Tube

Cooling Loop

Fixed Head Shown

- 10 -

Parr Instrument Company

4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors

OTHER VESSEL HEAD FITTINGS

Safety Rupture Disc

There is a safety rupture disc attached to
the head which is intended to rupture and
release the pressure before it reaches a
dangerous level. A metal tag wired to the
safety head identifies the burst pressure at
room temperature for that particular disc. A
similar tag is furnished with each
replacement disc. This tag must remain with
the apparatus at all times so that both
present and future operators will be aware of
the disc rating. Users should read the
discussion of rupture discs given in the
Instruction Sheet No. 231M for a complete
description of the characteristics of rupture
discs and the precautions to be observed
when operating pressure equipment
protected by this type of safety device.

A typical pre-bulged disc can be used to
90% of the rating on the tag. For additional
protection, the user should install an
adequate and safe venting system for
removing any toxic, flammable or volatile
material which would be released if the
rupture disc should burst. A connector for
attaching 3/8” OD tubing to the discharge
port of the rupture disc is provided for this
purpose.

Type J Thermocouple

A Type J thermocouple with a 1/8” dia.
Stainless steel sheath is furnished with the
reactor. Insert this thermocouple into the
thermowell and connect it to the
thermocouple socket on the rear panel of
the temperature controller using the A470E2
extension wire furnished with the reactor.

Pressure Gage

The pressure gage furnished with this
reactor has a T316 Stainless Steel Bourdon
tube. Gages are furnished in a variety of
ranges to met individual needs. Typically,
the gage and the rupture disc are furnished
as matched ranges. For applications where
a gage is selected with a range under 1000

psi, a relief valve is added and set to protect
the gage. A 1000 psi rupture disc is
installed as the fail-safe vessel protection.

For highly corrosive applications where
the vapor phase might corrode the stainless
Bourdon tube, Parr offers isolator
assemblies in a variety of materials. These
isolators with their internal piston isolate the
vapors from the gage.

The gage adapter includes a ¼” NPT
side port with a plug installed. This position
may be used for a variety of fittings such as
a needle valve, pressure transducer or relief
valve.

Gage and Valve Adapters

The pressure gage and the combined
gas inlet and sampling valves are attached
to the head with an adapter which allows
these fittings to be drawn up tightly when
facing in any direction. To attach these
fittings to the head, screw the gage or valves
firmly into the adapter, then run the 209HC4
bushing onto the threaded stem as far as it
will go. Screw this assembly into the head
until the nose of the adapter is seated; then
back it off until the valve or gage is facing in
the desired direction. Now hold the fitting
firmly in place and close the joint by
tightening the 209HC4 bushing. This
connection can be made and broken
repeatedly without destroying the sealing
faces. A light coating of thread lubricant,
such as Parr No. 424HC2 High Temperature
Anti-Seize Lube, applied to the threads and
to the nose of the adapter will help to obtain
a tight joint.

Note: Do not use PTFE tape on the
straight thread connections of the coned
adapters and mating bushings. PTFE tape
should only be used on the (NPT) threads
such as the needle valves or gage
connection.

- 11 -

Parr Instrument Company

4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors

HOW TO USE THE VESSEL

Fixed Head Vessels:

First, lower the heater and push it to the
side. Before attempting to remove the split
ring open the gas release valve to discharge
any internal pressure. Raise the cylinder
support holder to the bottom of the cylinder
using the pneumatic lift as described on page
15 of this manual.
The head with any attached connection
lines will remain in place.

Moveable Head Vessels:

First, open the gas release valve to
discharge any internal pressure. This vessel
can remain in the heater when attaching or
removing the split ring closure. The head
assembly can be removed from the cylinder.
Handle the head carefully so that no damage
will occur to any of the internal fittings.

To open the Vessel

Loosen the bolts in a criss-cross pattern
reversing the tightening procedure, gradually
decreasing the torque on each bolt.

Before closing the Vessel

Examine the head seal carefully to be
sure that it is in good condition. The seal
should not have any nicks, be hardened or
deformed. Also examine the mating surfaces
on the head and cylinder to be sure they are
clean and free from burrs.

To Close the Vessel

Place the two split ring halves around the
head and cylinder flanges. Close the latches
on the fixed head split ring.

Attach the anti-rotation clamp on the
moveable head split ring.

- 12 -

A torque wrench is furnished with these
vessels and it includes an adapter for the 12
point heads of the bolts used in these split
rings. The amount of torque to be applied will
depend upon the intended maximum
operating pressure. To ensure a good seal
over the full operating range apply the
recommended bolt torque per the table
below.

Recommended Bolt Torque:

PTFE 2100 PSI 25ft-lbs
PTFE or Flexible

Graphite

4000 – 6000 PSI 40 ft-lbs

Pick a starting bolt and tighten it to
approximately 15 ft-lbs. Then by-pass the
adjacent bolts and move around the closure
to a bolt approximately 180 degrees from the
starting bolt. Torque all bolts to the initial 15
ft-lbs. Then proceed with the same pattern
increasing the torque in 10 ft-lbs increments.

Note: Flexible graphite gaskets tend to be

somewhat flakey. To extend the useful life of
these gaskets, first rough up the sealing
surface of the cylinder with 120 grit sand
paper to insure the gasket remains in the
head groove and does not stick to the
cylinder. Secondly, coat both sealing
surfaces with a silicone lubricant. This
process will aid in compressing the gasket so
it does not break apart after one use.

Gas Connections

Gas connections are dependent on
applications. For most applications, the
hose furnished with the system is sufficient.
Attach the Type “A” coned pressure fitting
into the adapter attached to the gas inlet
valve and tighten the compression nut firmly.
Do not use any thread dope or PTFE tape
on the coned fitting.

Parr Instrument Company

HOW TO USE THE VESSEL

(

Continued)

Pressurizing the Vessel

Check all valves carefully before
admitting gas into the system. The liquid
sampling valve must remain closed
throughout the charging procedure. The gas
release valve must also be closed unless
the vessel is to be purged, or unless there is
to be a continuous flow through the reactor
during a run. Always make certain that the
pressure in the gas tank is greater than the
pressure in the vessel; otherwise liquid will
be forced out of the vessel and into the gas
tank when the inlet valve is opened. If there
is any possibility that the tank pressure
might not be high enough to force gas into
the reactor, install a one way check valve
(optional) in the gas line to prevent any
reverse flow. With the inlet valve open and
the flow control valve on the gas tank
closed, open the main valve on the gas tank
only about one-quarter turn; then use the
flow control valve or the valve on a pressure
regulator to control the flow of gas into the
vessel. After the desired pressure has been
reached, close the tank valves and the
vessel inlet valve and disconnect the hose at
the vessel end.

Do Not Overfill the Vessel

Always watch the pressure gage closely
when admitting gas so as not to exceed the
maximum working limit. Remember that any
subsequent increase in temperature will
raise the pressure. Also, be sure that the
amount of liquid placed in the vessel is
carefully controlled. As a general rule, the
liquid charge should not exceed two-thirds of
the capacity of the cylinder. Too much liquid
in the vessel can lead to development of
dangerous pressures if sufficient space is
not provided for expansion when the liquid is
heated. This hazard is explained in greater
detail in a warning statement included in the
Instruction Manual No. 230M.

4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors

Releasing Pressure

Use the gas release valve to reduce the
pressure in the vessel if the reactor is
accidentally overcharged when filling. Use
this valve also to release any excess
pressure during a run and to exhaust the
vessel at the end of a run. If the discharge
gases are flammable or toxic, discharge to
an exhaust hood or to any other safe
release point.

Withdrawing Liquid Samples

Liquid samples may be withdrawn from
the sampling valve attached to the same
adapter as the gas inlet valve whenever the
vessel is pressurized. Always close the inlet
valve before withdrawing a liquid sample
and open the sampling valve cautiously
because liquid will be discharged with
considerable force. Be particularly careful if
the temperature of the sample is above its
boiling point at atmospheric pressure. If so,
it will “flash” and be lost as soon as it is
released from the vessel. This problem can
be avoided by connecting an optional 4351
Sample Collection Vessel to the sampling
valve to collect the liquid into an appropriate
receiver. The addition of a small amount of
gas can be used to clear the dip tube
between liquid samples so that the next
sample drawn through the tube will truly be
representative of the mixture.

Initial Operating Test

Read all operating instructions carefully
so as to be well acquainted with the correct
procedures for handling the vessel and for
operating the controller and other
accessories. An initial operating test should
be made, with only water, to check the
apparatus before starting the first
experimental runs. For this initial test, fill the
cylinder not more than half full of water and
run the temperature up to 150ºC while
checking the apparatus for leaks and
observing the performance of the
temperature controller.

- 13 -

Parr Instrument Company

4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors

ACCESSORIES

Internal Cooling Coil

A serpentine cooling coil is mounted to the
underside of the head and sealed with a ferrule
and compression nut arrangement.
A slow continuous flow of cold water
through the coil is an effective means for
controlling temperature overshoot, particularly
when operating at temperatures below 150 C.
Alternately, the cooling coil is used to
effectively cool the system at the completion of
a reaction.
An optional solenoid valve package is
available to automate the cooling process.
This package coordinates with the internal coil,
with the water supply and connects to the
temperature control.
If the internal cooling is not required, the
coil may be removed and the alternate plugs
installed.

Liners

Glass (500 °C) or PTFE (250 °C
maximum) liners can be furnished to fit most
Parr reactors. These liners slide into the
cylinder. Although they will not keep
corrosive vapors from reaching the surfaces
of the cylinder and head, they make it much
easier to add and remove liquid reactants,
and they give some protection to the
cylinder when working with corrosive
solutions. It must be noted, however, that
adding a PTFE liner will slow the heat
transfer rate into the vessel, and it may be
necessary to adjust the temperature control
method to prevent overheating.

Liner Part Numbers
Fits
ID

3.75” 1000 mL 1441HC 1441HCHA

3.75” 1800 mL 1442HC 1442HCHA

Cylinder
Size

Glass
Liner

PTFE
Liner

Spare Parts Kit

Spare parts kits are available for these
reactors. The kits will provide a reserve
supply of parts and tools sufficient to handle
most normal replacements and emergency
repairs during a year of heavy usage.

The kits contain small perishable items
required for continuous operation including
gaskets, bushings, rupture discs and seals.
They can be ordered from any Parr Dealer
or direct from the Parr Instrument Company.
The order must specify the reactor size and
indicate type of rupture disc, stirrer drive
and, whether it has a flat-gasket or O-ring
closure. It is most advantageous to provide
the complete vessel number from the head
or cylinder.

Variable Speed Electric Motor

Reactors are normally equipped with a
DC variable speed motor supplied and
controlled through the Series 4848
controller. Instructions for connecting and
operating these motors are included in the
controller instruction sheet No. 548M. This
motor is usually installed in a drive system
designed to produce stirring speeds from 0
to 600 rpm. Higher speeds up to 1700 rpm
can be obtained by substituting larger
diameter motor drive pulleys.

- 14 -

Parr Instrument Company

ACCESSORIES (continued)

Air Motor

Variable stirring speeds from 300 to 2000
rpm with no spark hazard can be obtained
by replacing the standard motor with an
A388E6 air motor. This motor operates on
compressed air which must be supplied at
40 psig minimum pressure with at least
20CFM available at that pressure. It is
furnished with a speed control valve, oiler,
and muffler.

To operate reactors equipped with an air
motor, connect the air hose to a compressed
air line. Fill the oiler with SAE 10 oil and
adjust the oiler to feed one drop per minute
into the air stream. For long continuous
runs at high speeds, the oiling rate should

be increased to three drops per minute. If
the motor becomes sluggish, flush it with a
non-flammable solvent in a well ventilated
area. Disconnect the air line and muffler
and pour a small amount of solvent into the
inlet port. Rotate the shaft by hand in both
directions for a few minutes; then connect
the air line and run the motor until there is
not further trace of solvent in the exhaust. If
the muffler felts are dirty, wash them in
solvent or replace them. Relubricate the
motor with a squirt of oil into the chamber
and reassemble. If it becomes necessary to
disassemble the motor to replace the vanes,
follow directions given in the instruction
sheet published by the Gast Manufacturing
Corp., Benton Harbor, Michigan.

4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors

- 15 -

Parr Instrument Company

(

joy

r

4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors

ACCESSORIES (continued)

Pneumatic Lift for Fixed Head Vessels

For those models equipped with a pneumatic lift package, the following instructions apply:

This pressure reactor assembly uses an A2760HC Pneumatic lift
package to raise and lower the Cylinder. If needed, It can also be
used to raise and lower the Heater assembly.

Lift up on joystick to go
“up” or push down on

stick to go “down”

Heater Assembly

A (1/4”) quick disconnect fitting has
been provided for the air line
connection.
User is responsible for connecting to
their air supply.

The regulator can be adjusted by lifting up on this cap and then
turning “clockwise” to increase or “counterclockwise” to decrease
the amount of pressure being sent to the pneumatic cylinder. Press
cap back down after setting pressure, this will prevent the cap from
being unintentionally turned.

Cylinde

Pressure regulator w/ gage

The air pressure has been

preset to 50 psi.

The flow control valves have been preset for optimum performance. Both
the speed and lifting capacity of the Pneumatic lift package can be
adjusted with the flow control valves located on the input and output ports
of the pneumatic cylinder.

Our customer service department will be happy to answer any questions
concerning the setting of these flow control valves.
Call 1

800) 872-7720

- 16 -

Parr Instrument Company

EXPLOSION PROOF OPERATION

equipment installed in the user’s laboratory
must be explosion proof, there are four
possible ignition hazards to be considered:

1. The Motor

2. The Temperature Controller

If the local safety code requires that

The standard adjustable speed motor is

not explosion proof, yet these motors are

not unduly hazardous if operated in a well

ventilated location where care is taken to

prevent the accumulation of explosive

gases or vapors. To eliminate any

possible spark hazard originating at the

motor, Parr can furnish an air motor as

described previously, or the reactor can be

equipped with a variable speed, explosion

proof motor that is approved for use in

Class 1, Groups C & D, and Class 2,

Groups E, F, & G atmospheres. Explosion

proof motors are furnished with a

temporary power cord and plug which are

not explosion proof. The user should

remove this temporary wiring and replace it

with an explosion proof switch and wiring

which will comply with the local electrical

code.

The Series 4848 Temperature Controllers

furnished with these reactors contain

switches and other elements that are not

explosion proof. The minimal spark hazard

associated with these units can be

resolved by installing the controller in a

remote location outside of the hazardous

area or by enclosing it in an approved

explosion proof housing. If enclosed within

a positive pressure, clean air housing, the

discharge from the housing must be

directed into a safe area. If requested,

Parr will furnish the long lead wires needed

to mount the controller in a remote

location. If the controller is to be installed

in an explosion proof housing, the user

must provide the necessary housing and

installation.

4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors

3. The Heater

The elements in the heater could be
dangerous in an explosive atmosphere if
the surface temperature of the element
becomes high enough to ignite flammable
vapors. This hazard must be evaluated for
each individual installation since major
modifications are required if the heater
must be isolated from the surrounding
atmosphere. Users who consider this a
significant hazard are urged to contact the
Parr Instrument Company for further
discussion and suggestions that might be
helpful.

4. The Wiring
The wiring provided with the standard
reactor systems does not meet the
standards prescribed for explosion proof
operation. Optional, intrinsically safe
barriers are available.

- 17 -

Parr Instrument Company

4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors

PERIODIC PRESSURE TESTS

Each cylinder used in a Parr stirred
reactor is tested under hydrostatic pressure
to 1.3 times its maximum rating before it is
released from the factory. Micrometer
caliper measurements are taken during this
test to check the deflection of the walls
under pressure. Excessive deflection or
failure of the metal to resume its original
dimensions after pressure is released
indicates that a cylinder is potentially unsafe
and it will be rejected. Similar tests should
be made at regular intervals during the life of
each cylinder, and particularly whenever the
user suspects that the equipment has been
over-stressed or damaged.

Some laboratories maintain hydraulic
test facilities and make it a rule that all
pressure vessels must be tested at regular
intervals. Records are kept of deflections at
specific test pressures so that any increase
in deflection becomes a warning that the
metal has lost strength. Any cylinder that
fails to return to its original dimensions after
application of the prescribed hydrostatic test
should be discarded as unsafe for further
use.

Users who do not have pressure test
facilities can return any Parr pressure vessel
to the factory for hydrostatic testing and
overhaul. This should be done whenever
the metal shows excessive damage from
corrosion or whenever an over-pressure or
other unusual occurrence raises any safety
questions. To return a vessel for repair,
contact Parr Instrument Company for a
return authorization number. Apparatus
returned for testing and overhaul should be
shipped prepaid to Parr Instrument
Company, 211-53rd Street, Moline, Illinois

61265. An order or letter of instructions
should be mailed to the same address, as
no repair work will be started without specific
instructions and a Health & Safety
Assurance Certification form (F0042) signed
by a responsible user.

- 18 -

Parr Instrument Company

4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors

GENERAL MAINTENANCE NOTES

1. Periodically inspect all electrical wiring
and pressure connections for excessive
corrosion. Suspect parts should be
replaced by components only supplied
by Parr Instrument Company.

2. Always use appropriate wrenches on all
fittings and valves. Never use pliers or
pipe wrenches.

3. Head and cylinder service fixtures are
available for convenience and protection
of components during maintenance of
your reactor.

4. To reinstall straight thread (NPS) fittings
to the head, screw the gage or valves
firmly into the adapter.
Run the bushing onto the threaded stem
as far as it will go. Screw this assembly
into the head until the nose of the
adapter is seated; then back it off until
the valve or gage is facing in the desired
direction (no more than one full turn).
Hold the fitting firmly in place and close
the joint by tightening the bushing. This
connection can be made and broken
repeatedly without destroying the sealing
surfaces. A light coating of thread
lubricant, such as Parr High Temperature
Anti-Seize Lubricant, applied to the
straight threads and to the nose of the
adapter will help to obtain a tight joint.

Note: PTFE tape should not be used on

this joint.

5. NPT (National Pipe Taper) threads
should not be disassembled any more
than necessary. It will become
increasingly difficult to maintain a tight
seal with these tapered threads if the
joint is made and broken repeatedly.
Grafoil tape or PTFE tape (if temp
allows) should be used on all NPT
threads.

6. Do not use oil or anti-seize lubricant on
threads or fittings if the vessel is to be
used with oxygen.

7. If your vessel is equipped with a loose
compression ring be sure that it is in place
on the head before attaching any head

- 19 -

fittings. The compression ring cannot be
installed after fittings have been screwed
into the head.

8. Clean all threads and gas passages
thoroughly and remove all tape fragments
when overhauling a vessel. An ultrasonic
bath is excellent for cleaning metal parts,
but do not place a thermocouple probe,
pressure gage, face seals or ball bearings
in an ultrasonic bath. Periodic cleaning
may be performed on the exterior
surfaces of the reactor stand with a lightly
dampened cloth containing mild soap
solution. All power should be
disconnected when cleaning.

9. Routinely inspect cap screws on split ring
closure for lubrication and cleanliness.
These screws should not be allowed to
dry because the threads will seize.
Regularly apply Parr High Temperature
Anti-Seize Lubricant (Parr No. 424HC2)
before this happens.

10. To operate reactors equipped with an air
motor, connect air hose to a compressed
air line. For best torque and speed
control the piping to the motor should be
at least 3/8” IPS or larger. Fill the oiler
with SAE 10 oil and adjust the oiler feed
one drop per minute into the air stream.
For long continuous runs at high speeds,
the oiling rate should be increased to
three drops per minute. If the motor
becomes sluggish, flush it with a non­flammable solvent in a well ventilated
area.

Disconnect the air line and muffler and

pour a small amount of solvent into the
inlet port. Rotate the shaft by hand in
both directions for a few minutes; then
connect the air line and run the motor until
there is not further trace of solvent in the
exhaust. If the muffler is dirty, replace it.
Relubricate the motor with a squirt of oil
into the chamber and reassemble.

11. If servicing assistance is needed, contact
Parr Instrument Company directly at the
address shown on the back of these
instructions.

Parr Instrument Company

4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors

REACTION VESSEL PARTS LIST

Consult the itemized list for your reactor,
provided along with this manual. For
purpose of reactor identification, the
following abbreviation codes are used:

RV -

Removable

FH -

Vessel

LD -

Light Duty

HD -

16 in-lb

FMD

Footless Mag

GE

Drive

SS -

T316 only

SP -

Part No. Description Code

Cylinders*

1806HC Cylinder, 1000 mL
1806HC2 Cylinder, 1000 mL, 1”

NPS for BDV
1806HC3 Cylinder, 1800 mL
1806HC4 Cylinder, 1800 mL, 1”

NPS for BDV

Heads*

1807HC Head, with cooling coil RV(LD/HD)
1807HC10 Head, FMD, 16 in-lb RV(LD)
2510HC Head, with cooling coil FH(LD/HD)
2510HC10 Head, FMD2, 60 in-lb FH(HD)

Split Rings and Accessories

1314HC Compression Ring RV
A1316HC Split ring pair, with cap

screws

A2508HC Split ring pair, captive

compression ring, with
cap screws, latches

1278HC6F Compression Nut for

A1316HC/ A2508HC

Fixed Head
Heavy Duty

60 in-lb
Gas Entrainment

Special Alloy

RV
FH

- 20 -

* For parts made from alternate materials
use the codes shown below as a suffix to
the standard part number.

CM - Alloy 400 CC - Alloy 20Cb3
CT - Alloy 600 CA - Titanium G2 or G4
CX - Zirconium CG - Alloy B-2
CH - Alloy C-276

Part No. Description Code

Thermowell*

265HC6 Thermowell, 1000ml
265HC8 Thermowell, 1800ml
A472E3 Thermocouple, 1000 mL RVFH

A472E6 Thermocouple, 1800 mL RVFH

Dip Tubes*

257HC24 Dip Tube, 1000 mL
257HC5 Dip Tube, 1800 mL

Cooling Coils*

1357HC Cooling Coil, Serpentine 1L
1357HC4 Cooling Coil, Serpentine 1.8L
1360HC Ferrule
1359HC Compression Nut

Stirrer Support Bracket*

A1404HC Stirrer Bracket Assembly
380HCF Cap screw, A1404HC bracket
299HC Bushing PTFE for

A1404HC bracket

299HCKF Bushing, graphite for

A1404HC bracket

Internal Fittings*

Parr Instrument Company

4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors

Part No. Description Code

Stirrer Shafts* - Standard one piece

A1120HC (LD) / A1180HC (HD)

1323HC 1L, 9.50” RV(LD)
1323HC6 1.8 L, 13.88” RV(LD)
1323HC14 1L, 11.82” FH(LD)
1323HC15 1.8 L, 16.13” FH(LD)
1409HC12 1L, 12.25” FH(HD)
1409HC13 1.8 L, 16.56” FH(HD)
1409HC 1L, 9.84” RV(HD)
1409HC2 1.8 L, 14.15” RV(HD)

Gas Entrainment Stub Shaft (Upper)

1323HC13 4.16” MV(LD)
1323HC16 6.43” FH(LD)
2128HC 4.62” MV(HD)
2128HC5 6.94” FH(HD)

Gas Entrainment Lower Shaft

2062HC9 1L, 3.4” LD/HD
2062HC10 1.8L, 6.64” LD/HD

Stirrer Shafts Footless Magnetic Drive

A2150HC (LD) / A2160HC (HD)

2141HC33 1L, 11.11” MV(LD)
2141HC34 1.8L, 15.42” MV(LD)
2141HC35 1L, 13.36” FH(LD)
2141HC36 1.8L, 17.67” FH(LD)

2135HC15 1L, 14.15” FH(HD)
2135HC16 1.8L, 18.46” FH(HD)

Gas Entrainment Shaft Footless Magnetic Drive

2141HC29 1L, 9.45” MV(LD)
2141HC30 1.8L, 12.69” MV(LD)
2141HC31 1L, 11.70” FH(LD)
2141HC32 1.8L, 14.94” FH(LD)
2135HC43 1L, 12.47” FH(HD)(FMD)
2135HC44 1.8L, 15.72” FH(HD)(FMD)

Part No.

Description Code

Impellers*

A358HC5 Impeller with set screws, 2” dia
358HC2F Set screws for A358HC5

& A2148HC3
A2138HC4 Impeller 2” HD(FMD)
A2148HC3 Impeller 2” LD(FMD)
709HCF Set screw for A2138HC4
2077HC Impeller, GE

Gaskets & Seals

48HC Gasket, silver; thermowell
48HCFG Gasket, gold plated
1808HCKL Head Gasket, Graphite
1808HCHA Head Gasket, PTFE
1498HCKL Gasket, bottom drain valve
2136HC Gasket, silver HD(FMD)
2136HCFG Gasket, gold plated HD(FMD)
2136HC2KL Gasket, Graphoil HD(FMD)
2142HC Gasket, silver LD(FMD)
2142HCFG Gasket, gold plated LD(FMD)
2142HC2KL Gasket, Graphoil LD(FMD)

- 21 -

Parr Instrument Company

4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors

Part No. Description Code

External Fittings

Gage Port

208HC15 Gage adapter, angled,

two ¼” NPT(F)

208HC17 Gage adapter three ¼”

NPT(F)
209HC4 Bushing, angled, ½ NPS
94CAAD Plug, hex head, ¼” NPT

56HCPD Pressure gage, 4-1/2”,

1000 psi/bar
56HCPF Pressure gage, 4-1/2”,

2000 psi/bar
56HCPG Pressure gage, 4-1/2”,

3000 psi/bar
56HCPH Pressure gage, 4-1/2”,

5000 psi/bar
56HCPK Pressure gage, 4-1/2”,

10000 psi/bar
56HCP75AD Pressure gage, 4-1/2”,

7500 psi/bar

Double Valve Assembly

208HC13 Valve adapter, 1/4”

NPT(M) X ¼ NPT(F)
209HC4 Bushing, ½ NPS
A176VB Needle Valve, 1/4” NPT(F)
491HCAD Hex Nipple, ¼ NPT(M)
1446HC Adapter, 1/4” NPT(M) to

A socket (hose adapter)

Gas Release

208HC11 Valve adapter, 1/4” NPT(M)
209HC4 Bushing, ½ NPS
A176VB Needle Valve, 1/4” NPTF

Rupture Disc Port

See Manual 231M

Part No. Description Code

526HCPD Rupture disc, 1000 psi
526HCPF Rupture disc, 2000 psi
526HCPG Rupture disc, 3000 psi
526HCPH Rupture disc, 5000 psi
581HCPD Rupture disc, 1000 psi, gold faced
581HCPF Rupture disc, 2000 psi, gold faced
581HCPG Rupture disc, 3000 psi, gold faced
581HCPH Rupture disc, 5000 psi, gold faced

94CAAD Plug, Hex Head, ¼ NPT

Magnetic Drive

(See manual 234M)
A1120HC5 Mag Drive, 16 in-lb RV(LD)

A1120HC8 Mag Drive, 16 in-lb FH(LD)
A1180HC Mag Drive, 60 in-lb RV(HD)
A1180HC4 Mag Drive, 60 in-lb FH(HD)
A2150HC Footless Mag Drive, 16 in-lb RV(LD)
A2150HC2 Footless Mag Drive, 16 in-lb FH(LD)
A2160HC Footless Mag Drive, 60 in-lb RV(HD)
A2160HC3 Footless Mag Drive, 60 in-lb FH(HD)

A2685HC Cooling Sleeve assembly LD
A740HC Cooling Sleeve assembly HD

663HC Olive, drive seal
664HC Nut, Gland, drive seal HD
664HC2 Nut, Gland, drive seal LD

A177VB Bottom Drain Valve

A525HC Safety Rupture Disc assembly

without disc consists of:
296HC4 Safety head body
527HC Orifice ring
49HC7 Orifice cone
288VBAD Male Connector,

3/8T – ¼ NPT

- 22 -

Parr Instrument Company

4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors

Model 4571 1000 mL Removable Reactor

- 23 -

Parr Instrument Company

4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors

Overarm Parts List

Part No.

Motor

A388E6 Air Motor
A388EES Motor ¼ HP VS 90 VDC
A388E2ES Motor ½ HP VS 90 VDC
A388EEQ Motor ¼ HP EXP VS 90 VDC
A388E2EQ Motor ½ HP EXP VS 90 VDC
A388E2ER Motor ½ HP EXP VS 180 VDC
A388E2ET Motor ½ HP VS 180 VDC
A388EER Motor ¼ HP EXP VS 180 VDC
A388EET Motor ¼ HP VS 180 VDC

Driven Pulley Assembly

A2519HC Driven Pulley Assembly consist of:
706HC2 Pulley, Driven
725HC Support Hub
730HC Ball Bearing
731HC Snap Ring Internal 2”
732HC Snap Ring External 1”
2429HC Bushing PTFE

Release Knobs

726HC Release Knob, .50 Shaft

Description

Part No.

Upper Drive Shafts

A2564HC Upper Drive Shaft 11.27” FHLD
A2564HC2 Upper Drive Shaft 7.64” FHHD
A2564HC4 Upper Shaft 6.32" FH(HD)(FMD)
A2564HC6 Upper Shaft 10.50" FH(LD)
A2564HC9 Upper Shaft 9.16" FH(LD)FMD)
A742HC13 Upper Shaft 8" RV(LD)(FMD)
A742HC14 Upper Drive Shaft 9.82” RVLD
A742HC17 Upper Shaft 5.8" RV(HD)(FMD)

Shaft Couplings

A722HC Shaft Coupling .50 RV
2352HC Shaft Coupling .50 FH

Drive
Pulleys

695HC5 800 RPM 728HC 728HC5
695HC3 1000 RPM 728HC 728HC5
695HC2 1700 RPM 728HC3 728HC6

Optional Tach Parts

1564HC Optical Wheel
A1001E Tach Sensor Assembly (9.0”L)

Description Code

(Motor) RV-Belt FH-Belt

- 24 -

Parr Instrument Company

4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors

Overarm Assembly

- 25 -

Parr Instrument Company

4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors

Vessel Heater Stand & Parts List

For Removable Vessels
Part No. Description

A1440HC3EE Heater Assembly, 1.0 L,

2300W, 230V

A1445HC3EE Heater Assembly, 1.8 L,

2500W, 230V

For Fixed Head Vessels
Part No. Description

A2850HC10EE Heater Assembly, 1.0L,
2300W, 230V
A2850HC20EE Heater Assembly, 1.8L,
2500W, 230V

995HC2

1341HC

A1440HC3
A1445HC3

995HC

- 26 -

Parr Instrument Company

2350HC9 Motor encasement
2565HC Lower back plate
2566HC Upper back plate

2460HC Mid plate
2461HC Retainer

4570 HP/HT Pressure Reactors

4570 Vessel Stand

2455HC Belt guard

2456HC Overarm plate

2462HC SR plate

2703HC Enclosure
2704HC Back plate

A2850HC10
Heater, 1-L
A2850HC20
Heater, 1.8-L

2481HC5 Support rod,
heater

2481HC2 Support rod

A2755HC Base plate

2408HC Leveling screw

- 27 -

Revision 03/14/13