OPTISWITCH 3100 C is available in different versions.
Depending on the selected version, supplementary operating
instructions manuals may also come with the shipment. The
supplementary operating instructions manuals are listed in
section "Product description.
Operating instructions manuals for accessories and
replacement parts
Tip:
To ensure reliable setup and operation of your OPTISWITCH
3100 C, we offer accessories and replacement parts. The
associated documents are:
l Operating instructions manual "Oscillator"
29954-EN-060830
OPTISWITCH 3100 C - with transistor output3
About this document
1 About this document
1.1 Function
This operating instructions manual has all the information you
need for quick setup and safe operation. Please read this
manual before you start setup.
1.2 Target group
This operating instructions manual is directed to trained,
qualified personnel. The contents of this manual should be
made available to these personnel and put into practice by
them.
1.3 Symbolism used
Information, tip, note
This symbol indicates helpful additional information.
Caution: If this warning is ignored, faults or
malfunctions can result.
Warning: If this warning is ignored, injury to persons and/or
serious damage to the instrument can result.
Danger: If this warning is ignored, serious injury to persons
and/or destruction of the instrument can result.
Ex applications
This symbol indicates special instructions for Ex applications.
lList
The dot set in front indicates a list with no implied sequence.
àAction
This arrow indicates a single action.
1Sequence
Numbers set in front indicate successive steps in a procedure.
4OPTISWITCH 3100 C - with transistor output
29954-EN-060830
For your safety
2 For your safety
2.1 Authorised personnel
All operations described in this operating instructions manual
must be carried out only by trained specialist personnel
authorised by the operator. For safety and warranty reasons,
any internal work on the instruments must be carried out only
by personnel authorised by the manufacturer.
2.2 Appropriate use
OPTISWITCH 3100 C is a sensor for level detection.
Detailed information on the application range of OPTISWITCH
3100 C is available in chapter "Product description".
2.3 Warning about misuse
Inappropriate or incorrect use of the instrument can give rise to
application-specific hazards, e.g. vessel overfill or damage to
system components through incorrect mounting or adjustment.
2.4 General safety instructions
OPTISWITCH 3100 C is a high-tech instrument requiring the
strict observance of standard regulations and guidelines. The
user must take note of the safety instructions in this operating
instructions manual, the country-specific installation standards
(e.g. the VDE regulations in Germany) as well as all prevailing
safety regulations and accident prevention rules.
2.5 CE conformity
OPTISWITCH 3100 C is in CE conformity with EMC (89/336/
EWG), fulfils NAMUR recommendation NE 21 and is in CEconformity with LVD (73/23/EWG).
Conformity has been judged according to the following
standards:
l EMC:
- Emission EN 61326: 1997 (class B)
- Susceptibility EN 61326: 1997/A1:1998
l LVD: EN 61010-1: 2001
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OPTISWITCH 3100 C - with transistor output5
For your safety
2.6 SIL conformity
OPTISWITCH 3100 C fulfills the requirements of functional
safety according to IEC 61508/IEC 61511. You can find further
information in the supplementary instructions manual "Safety
Please note the Ex-specific safety information for installation
and operation in Ex areas. These safety instructions are part of
the operating instructions manual and come with the Exapproved instruments.
6OPTISWITCH 3100 C - with transistor output
29954-EN-060830
3 Product description
3.1 Configuration
Product description
Scope of delivery
Components
The scope of delivery encompasses:
l OPTISWITCH 3100 C level sensor
l Documentation
- this operating instructions manual
- Supplementary instructions manual "Plug connector for
level sensors" (optional)
- Ex specific safety instructions (with Ex versions), if
necessary further certificates
OPTISWITCH 3100 C consists of the following components:
l Housing cover
l Housing with electronics
l process fitting with tuning fork
1
2
3
Fig. 1: OPTISWITCH 3100 C with plastic housing
1Housing cover
2Housing with electronics
3Process fitting
3.2 Principle of operation
Area of application
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OPTISWITCH 3100 C - with transistor output7
OPTISWITCH 3100 C is a level sensor with tuning fork for level
detection.
It is designed for industrial use in all areas of process
technology and is preferably used for bulk solids.
Typical applications are overfill and dry run protection. Thanks
to its simple and robust measuring system, OPTISWITCH3100 C is virtually unaffected by the chemical and physical
properties of the bulk solid.
Product description
It functions even when exposed to strong external vibration or
changing products.
Solid detection in water
If OPTISWITCH 3100 C was ordered for detection of solids in
water, the tuning fork is adjusted to the density of water. In the
air or when covered by water (density: 1 g/cm³/0.036 lbs/in)OPTISWITCH 3100 C signals "uncovered". Only if the
vibrating element is also covered with solids (e.g. sand,
sludge, gravel etc.) will the sensor signal "covered".
Fault monitoring
The electronics of OPTISWITCH 3100 C continuously monitors the following criteria:
l Correct vibrating frequency
l Line break to the piezo drive
If one of the stated malfunction is detected or in case of power
failure, the electronics takes on a defined switching condition,
i.e. the output transistor blocks (safe condition).
Physical principle
Power supply
The tuning fork is piezoelectrically energised and vibrates at its
mechanical resonance frequency of approx. 150 Hz. When the
tuning fork is submerged in the product, the vibration
amplitude changes. This change is detected by the integrated
oscillator and converted into a switching command.
OPTISWITCH 3100 C is a compact instrument, i.e. it can be
operated without external evaluation system. The integrated
electronics evaluates the level signal and outputs a switching
signal. With this switching signal, a connected device can be
directly activated (e.g. a warning system, a PLC, a pump etc.).
The exact range of the power supply is stated in the "Technical
data" in the "Supplement".
3.3 Operation
With the factory setting, products with a density of >0.02 g/cm³
(>0.0008 lbs/in³) can be measured. The instrument can alsobe adapted to products with lower density >0.008 g/cm³
(>0.0003 lbs/in³).
On the electronics module you will find the following indicating
and adjustment elements:
l signal lamp for indication of the switching condition (green/
red)
l potentiometer for adaptation to the product density
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8OPTISWITCH 3100 C - with transistor output
Product description
l Mode switch for selecting the switching condition (min./
max.)
3.4 Storage and transport
Packaging
Storage and transport tem-
perature
Your instrument was protected by packaging during transport.
Its capacity to handle normal loads during transport is assuredby a test according to DIN 55439.
The packaging of standard instruments consists of environ-
ment-friendly, recyclable cardboard. In addition, the sensor is
provided with a protective cover of cardboard. For special
versions PE foam or PE foil is also used. Dispose of the
packaging material via specialised recycling companies.
l Storage and transport temperature see "Supplement -
Technical data - Ambient conditions"
l Relative humidity 20 … 85 %
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OPTISWITCH 3100 C - with transistor output9
Mounting
4 Mounting
4.1 General instructions
Switching point
Moisture
In general, OPTISWITCH 3100 C can be mounted in any
position. The instrument must be mounted in such a way that
the vibrating element is at the height of the requested switching
point.
Use the recommended cables (see chapter "Connecting to
power supply") and tighten the cable gland.
You can give your OPTISWITCH 3100 C additional protection
against moisture penetration by leading the connection cable
downward in front of the cable entry. Rain and condensation
water can thus drain off. This applies mainly to mounting
outdoors, in areas where moisture is expected (e.g. by
cleaning processes) or on cooled or heated vessels.
Fig. 2: Measures against moisture penetration
Transport
Do not hold OPTISWITCH 3100 C on the vibrating element.
Especially with flange and tube versions, the sensor can be
damaged by the weight of the instrument.
Remove the protective cover just before mounting.
Pressure/Vacuum
The process fitting must be sealed if there is gauge or low
pressure in the vessel. Before use, check if the seal material is
resistant against the measured product and the process
temperature.
The max. permissible pressure is stated in the "Technical
data" in the "Supplement" or on the type label of the sensor.
10OPTISWITCH 3100 C - with transistor output
29954-EN-060830
Mounting
Handling
Socket
Filling opening
The vibrating level switch is a measuring instrument and must
be treated accordingly. Bending the vibrating element will
destroy the instrument.
Warning:
The housing must not be used to screw in the instrument!
Applying tightening force on the housing can damage its
internal mechanical parts.
To screw in, use the hexagon above the thread.
4.2 Mounting instructions
The vibrating element should protrude into the vessel to avoid
buildup. For that reason, avoid using mounting bosses for
flanges and screwed fittings. This applies particularly to use
with adhesive products.
Mount the instrument in such a way that the tuning fork does
not protrude directly into the filling stream.
If such an installation location should be necessary, mount a
suitable protective sheet above or in front of the vibrating
element - see illustration a.).
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OPTISWITCH 3100 C - with transistor output11
Mounting
In abrasive solids, mounting according to illustration b. has
proven. A spout forms in the concave protective sheet
preventing wear of the protective sheet.
Horizontal mounting
Inflowing medium
To achieve a very precise switching point, you can install
OPTISWITCH 3100 C horizontally. However, if the switching
point can have a tolerance of a few centimeters, we
recommend mounting OPTISWITCH 3100 C approx. 20°
inclined to the vessel bottom to avoid buildup.
If OPTISWITCH 3100 C is mounted in the filling stream,
unwanted switching signals may be generated. Mount OPTI-SWITCH 3100 C at a location in the vessel where no disturbing
influence from e.g. filling openings, agitators etc. can occur.
Flows
To minimise flow resistance caused by the tuning fork,
OPTISWITCH 3100 C should be mounted in such a way that
the surfaces of the blades are parallel to the product
movement.
12OPTISWITCH 3100 C - with transistor output
29954-EN-060830
1
Fig. 5: Orientation of the tuning fork in case of flow
1Marking with screwed version
2Direction of flow
Mounting
2
Adhesive products
Baffle protection against fall-
ing rocks
In case of horizontal mounting in adhesive products, the
surfaces of the tuning fork should be vertical in order to reduce
buildup on the blades. On the screwed version you will find a
marking on the hexagon. With this, you can check the position
of the tuning fork when screwing it in. When the hexagon
touches the seal, the thread can be still turned by approx. half
a turn. This is sufficient to reach the recommended installation
position.
With flange versions, the fork is directed to the flange holes.
1
Fig. 6: Vertical installation - marking
1Marking on top with screwed version
In applications such as grit chambers or settling basins for
coarse sediments, the vibrating element must be protected
against damage with a suitable baffle.
This baffle must be manufactured by you.
29954-EN-060830
OPTISWITCH 3100 C - with transistor output13
Mounting
>125
Fig. 7: Baffle protection against damages
14OPTISWITCH 3100 C - with transistor output
29954-EN-060830
Connecting to voltage supply
5 Connecting to voltage supply
5.1 Preparing the connection
Note safety instructions
Take note of safety
instructions for Ex
applications
Select power supply
Selecting the connection ca-
ble
Generally not the following safety instructions:
l Connect only in the complete absence of line voltage
In hazardous areas you should take note of the appropriate
regulations, conformity and type approval certificates of the
sensors and power supply units.
Connect the power supply according to the following diagrams.
Take note of the general installation regulations. As a rule,
connect OPTISWITCH 3100 C to vessel ground (PA), or in
case of plastic vessels, to the next ground potential. On the
side of the instrument housing there is a ground terminal
between the cable entries. This connection serves to drain off
electrostatic charges. In Ex applications, the installation
regulations for hazardous areas must be given priority.
The data for power supply are stated in the "Technical data" in
the "Supplement".
OPTISWITCH 3100 C is connected with standard cable with
round cross-section. An outer cable diameter of 5 … 9 mm
(0.2 … 0.35 in) ensures the seal effect of the cable entry.
If cable with a different diameter or wire cross section is used,
exchange the seal or use an appropriate cable connection.
In hazardous areas, only use approved cable connections for
OPTISWITCH 3100 C.
Select connection
cable for Ex applications
Take note of the corresponding installation regulations for Ex
applications.
5.2 Connection steps
With Ex instruments, the housing cover may only be opened if
there is no explosive atmosphere present.
Proceed as follows:
1 Unscrew the housing cover
2 Loosen compression nut of the cable entry
29954-EN-060830
OPTISWITCH 3100 C - with transistor output15
Connecting to voltage supply
3 Remove approx. 10 cm (4 in) of the cable mantle, strip
approx. 1 cm (0.4 in) insulation from the ends of the
individual wires
4 Insert the cable into the sensor through the cable entry
5 Lift the opening levers of the terminals with a screwdriver
(see following illustration)
6 Insert the wire ends into the open terminals according to
the wiring plan
7 Press the opening lever of the terminals downward, you will
hear the terminal spring closing
8 Check the hold of the wires in the terminals by lightly
pulling on them
9 Tighten the compression nut of the cable entry, the seal
ring must completely encircle the cable
10 If necessary, carry out a fresh adjustment
11 Screw the housing cover back on
The electrical connection is hence finished.
Fig. 8: Connection steps 5 and 6
5.3 Wiring plan, single chamber housing
The following illustrations apply to the non-Ex as well as to the
EEx d version.
16OPTISWITCH 3100 C - with transistor output
29954-EN-060830
Housing overview
Connecting to voltage supply
Electronics and connection
compartment
44
1
Fig. 9: Material versions, single chamber housing
1Plastic (not with EExd)
2Aluminium
3Stainless steel (not with EExd)
4Filter element for pressure compensation (not with EExd)
23
4
5
4
1
2
3
Fig. 10: Electronics and connection compartment
1Potentiometer for switching point adaptation (covered)
2DIL switch for mode adjustment
3Ground terminal
4Screwed terminals
5Control lamp
Wiring plan
We recommend connecting OPTISWITCH 3100 C in such a
way that the switching circuit is open when there is a level
signal, line break or failure (safe condition).
The instrument is used to control relays, contactors, magnet
valves, warning lights, horns as well as PLC inputs.
29954-EN-060830
OPTISWITCH 3100 C - with transistor output17
Connecting to voltage supply
1
Fig. 11: Wiring plan
+-
+-
Fig. 12: NPN action
+-
+-
Fig. 13: PNP action
18OPTISWITCH 3100 C - with transistor output
29954-EN-060830
Set up
6 Set up
6.1 General
The numbers in brackets refer to the following illustrations.
Function/Configuration
On the electronics module you will find the following indicating
and adjustment elements:
l Potentiometer for switching point adaptation (1)
l DIL switch for mode adjustment - min./max.(2)
l Signal lamp (5)
Note:
As a rule, always set the mode with mode switch (2) before
starting the setup of OPTISWITCH 3100 C. The switching
output will change if you set the mode switch (2) afterwards.
This could possibly trigger other connected instruments or
devices.
6.2 Adjustment elements
1
5
2
4
3
Fig. 14: Oscillator WE60T - Transistor output
1Potentiometer for switching point adaptation
2DIL switch for mode adjustment
3Ground terminal
4Screwed terminals
5Control lamp
29954-EN-060830
OPTISWITCH 3100 C - with transistor output19
Set up
Switching point adaptation (1)
Mode adjustment (2)
Signal lamp (5)
With the potentiometer you can adapt the switching point to the
solid. It is already preset and must only be modified in special
cases.
By default, the potentiometer of OPTISWITCH 3100 C is set to
the right stop (>0.02 g/cm³ or >0.0008 lbs/in³). In case of very
light-weight solids, turn the potentiometer to the left stop
(>0.008 g/cm³ or >0.0003 lbs/in³). OPTISWITCH 3100 C will
thus be more sensitive and can detect light-weight solids more
reliably.
For instruments detecting solids in water, these values are not
applicable. The potentiometer is preset and must not be
changed.
With the mode adjustment (min./max.) you can change the
switching condition of the transistor output. You can set the
required mode acc. to the "Function chart
" (max.-max.
detection or overfill protection, min.-min. detection or dry run
protection).
We recommend connecting according to the quiescent current
principle (transistor blocks when the switching point is
reached) because the transistor output takes on the same
(safe) condition if a failure is detected.
Control lamp for indication of the switching condition.
l green = output conducts
l red = output blocks
l red (flashing) = failure
6.3 Function chart
The following chart provides an overview of the switching
conditions depending on the adjusted mode and level.
LevelSwitching sta-
Mode max.
Overfill protection
Mode max.
Overfill protection
20OPTISWITCH 3100 C - with transistor output
tus
transistor con-
ducts
transistor blocks
Control lamp
Green
red
29954-EN-060830
Set up
LevelSwitching sta-
Mode min.
Dry run protection
Mode min.
Dry run protection
Failure of the
supply voltage
(min./max. mode)
Failureanytransistor blocks
anytransistor blocks
tus
transistor con-
ducts
transistor blocks
Control lamp
Green
red
flashes red
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OPTISWITCH 3100 C - with transistor output21
Maintenance and fault rectification
7 Maintenance and fault rectification
7.1 Maintenance
When used as directed in normal operation, OPTISWITCH
3100 C is completely maintenance free.
7.2 Rectify faults
Causes of malfunction
Fault rectification
Checking the switching signal
OPTISWITCH 3100 C offers maximum reliability. Nevertheless
faults can occur during operation. These may be caused by the
following, e.g.:
l Sensor
l Process
l Power supply
l Signal processing
The first measure to be taken is to check the output signal. In
many cases, the causes can be determined this way and the
faults rectified.
? OPTISWITCH 3100 C signals "covered" when the vibrating
element is not submerged (overfill protection)
? OPTISWITCH 3100 C signals "uncovered" when the
vibrating element is submerged (dry run protection)
l Supply voltage too low
à Check the power supply
l Electronics defective
à Press the mode switch (min./max.). If the instrument
then changes the mode, the instrument may be
mechanically damaged. Should the switching function
in the correct mode still be faulty, return the instrument
for repair.
à Push the mode switch. If the instrument then does not
change the mode, the oscillator may be defective.
Exchange the oscillator.
à Check if there is buildup on the vibrating element, and if
so, remove it.
l Unfavourable installation location
à Mount the instrument at a location in the vessel where
no dead zones or mounds can form.
à Check if the vibrating element is covered by buildup on
the socket.
29954-EN-060830
22OPTISWITCH 3100 C - with transistor output
Maintenance and fault rectification
l Wrong mode selected
à Set the correct mode on the mode switch (max.: overfill
protection; min.: dry run protection). Wiring should be
carried out according to the quiescent current principle.
? Signal lamp flashes red
l Electronics has detected a failure
à Exchange instrument or return instrument for repair
7.3 Exchange the electronics
In general, all oscillators of series WE60 can be interchanged.
If you want to use an oscillator with a different signal output,
you can download the corresponding operating instructions
manual from our homepage under Downloads.
With EEx d instruments, the housing cover must only be
opened if there is no explosive atmosphere.
Proceed as follows:
1 Switch off power supply
2 Unscrew the housing cover
3 Lift the opening levers of the terminals with a screwdriver
4 Pull the connection cables out of the terminals
5 Loosen the two screws with a screw driver (Torx size T10
or slot 4)
1
2
Fig. 15: Loosen the screws
1Electronics module
2Screws (2 pcs.)
29954-EN-060830
OPTISWITCH 3100 C - with transistor output23
Maintenance and fault rectification
6 Remove the old oscillator
7 Compare the new oscillator with the old one. The type label
of the oscillator must correspond to that of the old
oscillator. This applies particularly to instruments used in
hazardous areas.
8 Compare the settings of the two oscillators. Set the
adjustment elements of the new oscillator to the same
setting of the old one.
Information:
Make sure that the housing is not rotated during the electronics
exchange. Otherwise the plug may be in a different position
later.
9 Insert the oscillator carefully. Make sure that the plug is in
the correct position.
10 Tighten the two screws with a screwdriver (Torx size T10
or slot 4).
11 Insert the wire ends into the open terminals according to
the wiring plan
12 Press the opening lever of the terminals downward, you will
hear the terminal spring closing
13 Check the hold of the wires in the terminals by lightly
pulling on them
14 Check the tightness of the cable entry. The seal ring must
completely encircle the cable.
15 Screw the housing cover back on
The electronics exchange is now finished.
7.4 Instrument repair
If a repair is necessary, please proceed as follows:
You can download a return form from our websitekrohne-mar.com/fileadmin/media-lounge/PDF-Download/
Specimen_e.pdf.
By doing this you help us carry out the repair quickly and
without having to call back for needed information.
l Print and fill out one form per instrument
l Clean the instrument and pack it damage-proof
l Attach the completed form and possibly also a safety data
sheet to the instrument
24OPTISWITCH 3100 C - with transistor output
http://www.
29954-EN-060830
Dismounting
8 Dismounting
8.1 Dismounting procedure
Warning:
Before dismounting, be aware of dangerous process conditions such as e.g. pressure in the vessel, high temperatures,
corrosive or toxic products etc.
Take note of chapters "Mounting" and "Connecting to power
supply" and carry out the listed steps in reverse order.
With Ex instruments, the housing cover may only be opened if
there is no explosive atmosphere present.
8.2 Disposal
The instrument consists of materials which can be recycled by
specialised recycling companies. We use recyclable materials
and have designed the electronic modules to be easily
separable.
WEEE directive 2002/96/EG
This instrument is not subject to the WEEE directive 2002/96/
EG and the respective national laws (in Germany, e.g.
ElektroG). Pass the instrument directly on to a specialised
recycling company and do not use the municipal collecting
points. These may be used only for privately used products
according to the WEEE directive.
Correct disposal avoids negative effects to persons and
environment and ensures recycling of useful raw materials.
Materials: see "Technical data"
If you cannot dispose of the instrument properly, please
contact us about disposal methods or return.
29954-EN-060830
OPTISWITCH 3100 C - with transistor output25
Supplement
9 Supplement
9.1 Technical data
General data
Material 316L corresponds to 1.4404 or 1.4435
Materials, wetted parts
- Process fitting - thread316L
- Process fitting - flange316L
- Process sealKlingersil C-4400
- Tuning fork316L
- Extension tube ø 43 mm (1.7 in)316L
Materials, non-wetted parts
- HousingPlastic PBT (Polyester), Alu die-casting pow-