D-link DGS-3100-24TG User Manual [ru]

D-Link™ DGS-3100 SERIES

GIGABIT STACKABLE MANAGED SWITCH

User Manual

V3.6

Reproduction in any manner whatsoever without the written permission of D-Link Computer Corporation is strictly forbidden.

Trademarks used in this text: D-Link and the D-Link logo are trademarks of D-Link Computer Corporation; Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.

Other trademarks and trade names may be used in this document to refer to either the entities claiming the marks and names or their products. D-Link Computer Corporation disclaims any proprietary interest in trademarks and trade names other than its own.

FCC Warning

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with this user’s guide, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.

CE Mark Warning

This is a Class A product. In a domestic environment, this product may cause radio interference in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures.

Warnung!

Dies ist ein Produkt der Klasse A. Im Wohnbereich kann dieses Produkt Funkstoerungen verursachen. In diesem Fall kann vom Benutzer verlangt werden, angemessene Massnahmen zu ergreifen.

Precaución!

Este es un producto de Clase A. En un entorno doméstico, puede causar interferencias de radio, en cuyo case, puede requerirse al usuario para que adopte las medidas adecuadas.

Attention!

Ceci est un produit de classe A. Dans un environnement domestique, ce produit pourrait causer des interférences radio, auquel cas l`utilisateur devrait prendre les mesures adéquates.

Attenzione!

Il presente prodotto appartiene alla classe A. Se utilizzato in ambiente domestico il prodotto può causare interferenze radio, nel cui caso è possibile che l`utente debba assumere provvedimenti adeguati.

VCCI Warning

January, 2010 P/N

Table of Contents

PREFACE..................................................................................................................................................................I

System Overview .................................................................................................................................................................. ii

Viewing the Device.............................................................................................................................................................. iii

DGS-3100 Series Front Panel .......................................................................................................................................... iii

DGS-3100-24TG Front Panel .......................................................................................................................................... iii

Device Management Methods.............................................................................................................................................. iv

User Guide Overview............................................................................................................................................................ v

Intended Audience ............................................................................................................................................................... vi

Notes, Notices, and Cautions .............................................................................................................................................. vii

Safety Cautions .................................................................................................................................................................. viii

General Precautions for Rack-Mountable Products ............................................................................................................. ix

GETTING STARTED................................................................................................................................................1

Accessing the Boot/Startup Menu Functions ........................................................................................................................ 2

Downloading Software...................................................................................................................................................... 2

Set Terminal Baud-Rate.................................................................................................................................................... 3

Defining Stacking Units.................................................................................................................................................... 3

Using the Web-Based User Interface.................................................................................................................................... 5

Understanding the D-Link Embedded Web Interface ........................................................................................................... 6

Using the Tool Menu ............................................................................................................................................................ 8

Displaying the Stack Status............................................................................................................................................... 8

Locating Devices............................................................................................................................................................... 8

Backing up and Restoring Configuration Files ................................................................................................................. 9

Resetting the Device ....................................................................................................................................................... 10

Downloading the Firmware............................................................................................................................................. 11

Rebooting the System ..................................................................................................................................................... 13

View/Add/Update/Delete User Accounts Using the Web System Components................................................................. 14

'User' Level Support on the WEB ....................................................................................................................................... 15

CONFIGURING BASIC CONFIGURATION ..........................................................................................................16

Viewing Device Information............................................................................................................................................... 17

Defining System Information.............................................................................................................................................. 19

Defining IP Addresses ........................................................................................................................................................ 20

Managing Stacking ............................................................................................................................................................. 21

Managing Stacking Modes.............................................................................................................................................. 21

Advanced Stacking.......................................................................................................................................................... 21

Stack Startup Process ...................................................................................................................................................... 23

Building Stacks – Quick Start ......................................................................................................................................... 25

Stack Management Examples ......................................................................................................................................... 26

Configuring Stacking ...................................................................................................................................................... 32

Defining Ports ..................................................................................................................................................................... 33

Configuring Port Properties ............................................................................................................................................ 33

Viewing Port Properties .................................................................................................................................................. 35

ARP Settings....................................................................................................................................................................... 36

Configuring User Accounts................................................................................................................................................. 37

Managing System Logs....................................................................................................................................................... 39

Configuring SNTP .............................................................................................................................................................. 41

Configuring Daylight Savings Time ............................................................................................................................... 43

Configuring SNMP ............................................................................................................................................................. 47

Defining SNMP Settings................................................................................................................................................. 48

Defining SNMP Views ................................................................................................................................................... 49

Defining SNMP Groups .................................................................................................................................................. 50

Defining SNMP Users..................................................................................................................................................... 52

Defining SNMP Communities ........................................................................................................................................ 54

Defining SNMP Host Table............................................................................................................................................ 55

Defining SNMP Engine ID............................................................................................................................................. 57

Enabling SNMP Traps .................................................................................................................................................... 58

DHCP Relay........................................................................................................................................................................ 59

DHCP Local Relay.............................................................................................................................................................. 60

DHCP Auto Configuration.................................................................................................................................................. 62

Dual Image Services ........................................................................................................................................................... 63

Firmware Information ..................................................................................................................................................... 63

Config Firmware Image .................................................................................................................................................. 64

Telnet Setting ...................................................................................................................................................................... 65

Defining Time Ranges ........................................................................................................................................................ 66

Serial Port Settings.............................................................................................................................................................. 68

CONFIGURING L2 FEATURES.............................................................................................................................69

Enabling Jumbo Frames...................................................................................................................................................... 70

Configuring VLANs ........................................................................................................................................................... 71

Understanding IEEE 802.1p Priority .............................................................................................................................. 71

VLAN Description.......................................................................................................................................................... 71

Notes about VLANs on the DGS-3100 Series ................................................................................................................ 71

IEEE 802.1Q VLANs...................................................................................................................................................... 71

802.1Q VLAN Tags........................................................................................................................................................ 73

Port VLAN ID................................................................................................................................................................. 74

Tagging and Untagging................................................................................................................................................... 74

Ingress Filtering .............................................................................................................................................................. 74

Default VLANs............................................................................................................................................................... 75

VLAN and Trunk Groups ............................................................................................................................................... 75

VLAN Status................................................................................................................................................................... 75

Defining VLAN Properties ............................................................................................................................................. 76

Defining Asymmetric VLAN.............................................................................................................................................. 78

Configuring GVRP ............................................................................................................................................................. 80

Defining Trunking............................................................................................................................................................... 82

Load Balancing ............................................................................................................................................................... 82

Defining VLAN Trunking................................................................................................................................................... 84

Traffic Segmentation........................................................................................................................................................... 86

Configuring LACP .............................................................................................................................................................. 87

Defining IGMP Snooping ................................................................................................................................................... 88

Defining MLD Snooping .................................................................................................................................................... 91

Configuring Port Mirroring................................................................................................................................................. 95

Configuring Spanning Tree................................................................................................................................................. 97

Defining Spanning Tree Global Parameters.................................................................................................................... 98

Defining STP Port Settings........................................................................................................................................... 100

Defining Multiple Spanning Tree Configuration Identification .................................................................................... 102

Defining MSTP Port Information ................................................................................................................................. 103

Defining Forwarding and Filtering ................................................................................................................................... 105

Defining Unicast Forwarding........................................................................................................................................ 105

Defining Multicast Forwarding..................................................................................................................................... 106

Defining Multicast Filtering.......................................................................................................................................... 107

Defining DLF Filtering ................................................................................................................................................. 108

Configuring LLDP ............................................................................................................................................................ 110

Defining LLDP Global Settings.................................................................................................................................... 110

Defining LLDP Port Settings........................................................................................................................................ 111

Defining LLDP Basic TLV Settings ............................................................................................................................. 113

Defining LLDP Dot3 TLV Settings .............................................................................................................................. 114

Viewing LLDP Local Port Information ........................................................................................................................ 115

Viewing LLDP Remote Port Information..................................................................................................................... 117

Configuring Voice VLAN................................................................................................................................................. 122

Defining Voice VLAN Port Settings ............................................................................................................................ 123

Defining OUIs............................................................................................................................................................... 124

CONFIGURING QUALITY OF SERVICE ........................................................................................................... 126

Understanding QoS ........................................................................................................................................................... 128

Defining Bandwidth Settings ............................................................................................................................................ 129

Configuring Storm Control ............................................................................................................................................... 131

Mapping Ports to Packet Priorities.................................................................................................................................... 133

Mapping Priority to Classes (Queues) .............................................................................................................................. 134

Configuring QoS Scheduling Mechanism......................................................................................................................... 135

Defining DSCP User Priority............................................................................................................................................ 136

Defining Multi-Layer CoS Settings .................................................................................................................................. 137

SECURITY FEATURES ...................................................................................................................................... 138

Configuring Safeguard Engine.......................................................................................................................................... 139

Configuring Trust Host ..................................................................................................................................................... 140

Configuring Port Security ................................................................................................................................................. 142

Configuring Guest VLANs ............................................................................................................................................... 144

Configuring Port Authentication 802.1X .......................................................................................................................... 145

Configuring MAC Authentication (by using Guest VLAN, 802.1X and Radius pages) .............................................. 150

Defining RADIUS Settings........................................................................................................................................... 153

Defining EAP Forwarding Settings................................................................................................................................... 155

Configuring Secure Socket Layer Security....................................................................................................................... 156

Configuring Secure Shell Security .................................................................................................................................... 158

Defining SSH Algorithm Settings................................................................................................................................. 159

Defining Application Authentication Settings .................................................................................................................. 161

Configuring Authentication Server Hosts ..................................................................................................................... 163

Defining Login Methods............................................................................................................................................... 164

Defining Enable Methods ............................................................................................................................................. 166

Configuring Local Enable Password............................................................................................................................. 168

Defining ARP Spoofing Prevention Settings .................................................................................................................... 169

MONITORING THE DEVICE............................................................................................................................... 171

Viewing Stacking Information.......................................................................................................................................... 172

Viewing CPU Utilization .................................................................................................................................................. 173

Viewing Port Utilization ................................................................................................................................................... 174

Viewing Packet Size Information ..................................................................................................................................... 175

Viewing Received Packet Statistics .............................................................................................................................. 176

Viewing UMB_cast Packet Statistics............................................................................................................................ 177

Viewing Transmitted Packet Statistics.......................................................................................................................... 178

Viewing RADIUS Authenticated Session Statistics ......................................................................................................... 180

Viewing ARP Table .......................................................................................................................................................... 181

Viewing MLD Router Ports.............................................................................................................................................. 182

Viewing Router Ports........................................................................................................................................................ 183

Viewing Session Table...................................................................................................................................................... 184

Viewing IGMP Group Information................................................................................................................................... 185

Viewing MLD Group Information.................................................................................................................................... 186

Defining Dynamic and Static MAC Addresses................................................................................................................. 187

Viewing System Log......................................................................................................................................................... 189

Green Ethernet .................................................................................................................................................................. 190

Device Environment ......................................................................................................................................................... 191

Errors................................................................................................................................................................................. 192

Cable Diagnostics ............................................................................................................................................................. 195

MANAGING POWER OVER ETHERNET DEVICES.......................................................................................... 197

Defining PoE Port Information......................................................................................................................................... 198

Configuring PoE System Settings ..................................................................................................................................... 200

DEFINING ACCESS PROFILE LISTS................................................................................................................ 201

Methods for Defining Access Control Lists...................................................................................................................... 202

ACL Configuration Wizard............................................................................................................................................... 203

Defining Access Profile Lists............................................................................................................................................ 205

Defining Layer 3 IPv6 ACL.......................................................................................................................................... 218

IP and MAC-Based ACLs on the Same Port ................................................................................................................ 224

Adding Access Rules .................................................................................................................................................... 224

Finding ACL Rules........................................................................................................................................................... 228

CONNECTORS AND CABLES........................................................................................................................... 232

Pin Connections for the 10/100/1000 Ethernet Interface .................................................................................................. 233

RJ-45 Ports Pinout ........................................................................................................................................................ 233

Pin Connections for the HDMI Connector........................................................................................................................ 234

HDMI Ports Pinout ....................................................................................................................................................... 234

SYSLOG ERRORS ............................................................................................................................................. 235

PASSWORD RECOVERY PROCEDURE .......................................................................................................... 279

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Preface

This preface provides an overview to the guide, and includes the following sections:

 System Overview  Viewing the Device  Device Management Methods  User Guide Overview  Intended Audience  Notes, Notices, and Cautions  Safety Cautions  General Precautions for Rack

-Mountable Products

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

System Overview

The DGS-3100 series and the DGS-3100-24TG Gigabit Ethernet Switches enhance networks by providing a powerful switch that eliminates network bottlenecks, enabling network administrators to fine tune network configurations.

The DGS-3100 series and the DGS-3100-24TG are perfect for departmental and enterprise connections, and are ideal for backbone and server connections.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Viewing the Device

The devices described in this section are stackable Gigabit Ethernet Managed Switches. Device management is performed using an Embedded Web Server (EWS) or through a Command Line Interface (CLI). The device configuration is performed via an RS-232 interface. This section contains descriptions for the following:

 DGS-3100 series Front Panel  DGS-3100-24TG Front Panel

DGS-3100 Series Front Panel

The DGS-3100 series provides 24/48 high performance 1000BASE-T ports. The 1000Base-T ports operate at 10/100/1000, and connect to backbones, end-stations, and servers. The DGS-3100 series also provides 4 Mini-GBIC (SFP) combo ports which connect fiber optic media to switches, servers, or network backbone. The DGS-3100 series provides an additional RS-232 port (console port) for managing the switch via a console terminal or PC with a Terminal Emulation Program.

Figure 1 DGS-3100 Series 48 Port Front Panel

DGS-3100-24TG Front Panel

The DGS-3100-24TG provides eight high performance 1000BASE-TX ports. The ports operate at 10/100/1000, and connect to backbones, end-stations, and servers. The DGS-3100-24TG also provides 16 Mini-GBIC (SFP) ports which connect fiber optic media to switches, servers, or network backbone. The DGS-3100-24TG provides an additional RS-232 port (console port) for managing the switch via a console terminal or PC with a Terminal Emulation Program.

Figure 2 DGS-3100-24TG Front Panel

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DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Device Management Methods

The DGS-3100 series and DGS-3100-24TG provide different methods for managing the device including:

 Web Based Management Interface  SNMP-Based Management  Command Line Console

Web Bas

Once the device is installed, network managers can configure the switch, monitor the LED panel, and display statistics graphically via a web browser, including:

SNMP-Based Management

The system also supports SNMPv1, SNMPv2c, and SNMPv3. The SNMP agent decodes the incoming SNMP messages, and replies to requests with MIB objects stored in the database. The SNMP agent updates the MIB objects to generate statistics and counters.

Command Line Console

The device also supports device configuration using the Command Line Interface. A terminal is connected to device via the serial console port.

ed Management Interface

 Netscape Navigator (version 7.0 and higher)  Microsoft® Internet Explorer (version 5.0 and higher)  Mozilla Firefox (version 2.0 and higher)  Apple Safari

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

User Guide Overview

This section provides an overview to the DGS-3100 series and the DGS-3100-24TG Switch Manual, including the guide structure and a chapter overview:

 Section 1, Getting Started — Provides general background for understanding and using the Boot/Startup Menu

and the Embedded Web System, including an explanation of the interface buttons and general system functions.

 Section 2, Defining the Basic Device Configuration — Provides information for viewing system information,

defining IP addresses, managing stacking, defining ports, configuring SNMP management, and defining the system

time settings.

 Section 3, Configuring L2 Features — Provides information for enabling and configuring Jumbo frames, VLANs,

Trunks (LAGs), Traffic Segmentation, Multicast forwarding, Spanning Tree and LLDP.

 Section 4, Configuring Quality of Service — Provides information for ability to implement QoS and priority

queuing within a network.

 Section 5, Security Features — Provides information for enabling and configuring device security.  Section 6, Monitoring the Device — Provides information for monitoring the device.  Section 7, Managing Power over Ethernet Devices — Provides information configuring the PoE function.  Section 8, Defining Access Profile Lists — Provides information for configuring the ACL.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Intended Audience

The DGS-3100 series/DGS-3100-24TG User Guide contains information for configuring and managing the DGS-3100 series/DGS-3100-24TG Switches. This guide is intended for network managers familiar with network management concepts and terminology.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Notes, Notices, and Cautions

NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that he

NOTICE: A NOTICE indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you

how to avoid the probl

CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death.

em.

lps you make better use of your device.

vii

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Safety Cautions

Use the following safety guidelines to ensure your own personal safety and to help protect your system from potential damage. Throughout this safety section, the caution icon ( ) is used to indicate cautions and precautions that you need to review and follow.

To reduce

he risk of bodily injury, electrical shock, fire, and damage to the equipment, observe the following precautions.

 Do not service any product except as explained in your system documentation. Opening or removing covers that

are marked with the triangular symbol with a lightning bolt may expose you to electrical shock. Only a trained service technician should service components inside these compartments.

 If any of the following conditions occur, unplug the product from the electrical outlet and replace the part or

contact your trained service provider:

– The power cable, extension cable, or plug is damaged. – An object has fallen into the product. – The product has been exposed to water. – The product has been dropped or damaged. – The product does not operate correctly when you follow the operating instructions.

 Keep your system away from radiators and heat sources. Also, do not block the cooling vents.  Do not spill food or liquids on your system components, and never operate the product in a wet environment. If the

system gets wet, see the appropriate section in your troubleshooting guide or contact your trained service provider.

 Do not push any objects into the openings of your system. Doing so can cause a fire or an electric shock by

shorting out interior components.

 Use the product only with approved equipment.  Allow the product to cool before removing covers or touching internal components.  Operate the product only from the type of external power source indicated on the electrical ratings label. If you are

not sure of the type of power source required, consult your service provider or local power company.

 To help avoid damaging your system, be sure the voltage selection Switch (if provided) on the power supply is set

to match the power available at your location: – 115 volts (V)/60 hertz (Hz) in most of North and South America and some Far Eastern countries such as South

Korea and Taiwan

– 100 V/50 Hz in eastern Japan and 100 V/60 Hz in western Japan – 230 V/50 Hz in most of Europe, the Middle East, and the Far East

 Also be sure that attached devices are electrically rated to operate with the power available in your location.  Use only approved power cable(s). If you have not been provided with a power cable for your system or for any

AC-powered option intended for your system, purchase a power cable that is approved for use in your country. The power cable must be rated for the product and for the voltage and current marked on the product's electrical ratings label. The voltage and current rating of the cable should be greater than the ratings marked on the product.

 To help prevent an electric shock, plug the system and peripheral power cables into properly grounded electrical

outlets. These cables are equipped with three-prong plugs to help ensure proper grounding. Do not use adapter plugs or remove the grounding prong from a cable. If you must use an extension cable, use a 3-wire cable with properly grounded plugs.

 Observe extension cable and power strip ratings. Make sure that the total ampere rating of all products plugged into

the extension cable or power strip does not exceed 80 percent of the ampere ratings limit for the extension cable or power strip.

 To help protect your system from sudden, transient increases and decreases in electrical power, use a surge

suppressor, line conditioner, or uninterruptible power supply (UPS).

 Position system cables and power cables carefully; route cables so that they cannot be stepped on or tripped over.

Be sure that nothing rests on any cables.

ur power company for site modifications.

Do not modify power cables or plugs. Consult a licensed electrician or y



Always follow your local/national wiring rules.

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DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

 When

Move products with care; ensure that all casters and/or stabilizers are firmly connected to the system. Avoid sudden stops and uneven surfaces.

connecting or disconnecting power to hot-pluggable power supplies, if offered with your system, observe the

following guidelines:

– Install the power supply before connecting the power cable to the power supply. – Unplug the power cable before removing the power supply. – If the system has multiple sources of power, disconnect power from the system by unplugging all power cables

from the power supplies.

General Precautions for Rack-Mountable Products

Observe the following precautions for rack stability and safety. Also refer to the rack installation documentation accompanying the system and the rack for specific caution statements and procedures.

Systems are considered to be components in a rack. Thus, "component" refers to any system as well as to various peripherals or supporting hardware.

CAUTION: Installing systems in a rack without the front and sid the rack to tip over, potentially resulting in bodily injury under certain circumstances. Therefore, always install the stabilizers before installing components in the rack.

After installing system/components in a rack, never pull more than one component out of the rack on its slide assemblies at one time. The weight of more than one extended component could cause the rack to tip over and may result in serious injury.

e stabilizers installed could cause

 Before working on the rack, make sure that the stabilizers are secured to the rack, extended to the floor, and that

the full weight of the rack rests on the floor. Install front and side stabilizers on a single rack or front stabilizers for joined multiple racks before working on the rack.

Always load the rack from the bottom up, and load the heaviest item in the rack first.

Make sure that the rack is level and stable before extending a component from the rack.

Use caution when pressing the component rail release latches and sliding a component into or out of a rack; the slide rails can pinch your fingers.

After a component is inserted into the rack, carefully extend the rail into a locking position, and then slide the component into the rack.

Do not overload the AC supply branch circuit that provides power to the rack. The total rack load should not exceed 80 percent of the branch circuit rating.

Ensure that proper airflow is provided to components in the rack.

Do not step on or stand on any component when servicing other components in a rack.

NOTE: A qualified electrician must perform all connec electrical wiring must comply with applicable local or national codes and practices.

tions to DC power and to safety grounds. All

CAUTION: Never defeat the ground conductor or operate the equipm suitably installed ground conductor. Contact the appropriate electrical inspection authority or an electrician if you are uncertain that suitable grounding is available.

ent in the absence of a

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

CAUTION: The system chassis must be positively grounde

d to the rack cabinet frame. Do not attempt to connect power to the system until grounding cables are connected. Completed power and safety ground wiring must be inspected by a qualified electrical inspector. An energy hazard will exist if the safety ground cable is omitted or disconnected.

Protecting Against Electrostatic Discharge

Static electricity can harm delicate components inside your system. To prevent static damage, discharge static electricity from your body before you touch any of the electronic components, such as the microprocessor. You can do so by periodically touching an unpainted metal surface on the chassis.

You can also take the following steps to prevent damage from electrostatic discharge (ESD):

1. When unpacking a static-sensitive component from its shipping carton, do not remove the component from the antistatic packing material until you are ready to install the component in your system. Just before unwrapping the antistatic packaging, be sure to discharge static electricity from your body.

2. When transporting a sensitive component, first place it in an antistatic container or packaging.

3. Handle all sensitive components in a static-safe area. If possible, use antistatic floor pads and workbench pads and an antistatic grounding strap.

Battery Handling Reminder

CAUTION: This is danger of explosion if the battery is incorrectly repla

ced. Replace only with the same or equivalent type recommended by the manufacturer. Discard used batteries according to the manufacturer's instructions.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

GETTING STARTED

To begin managing the device, simply run the browser installed on the management station and point it to the IP address defined for the device. For example; http://123.123.123.123. Please note that the proxy for session connection should be turned off.

NOTE: The Factory default IP address for the Switch is 10.90.90.90.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Accessing the Boot/Startup Menu Functions

The following configuration functions are performed from the Boot (Startup) menu:

 Downloading Software  Set Terminal Baud-Rate  Defining Stacking Units

To displ

ay the Startup menu:

1. During the boot process, after the first part of the POST is completed press Ctrl+shift+ (-) within 2 seconds after the following message is displayed:

Autoboot in 2 seconds –press RETURN or Esc. to abort and enter prom.#

2. Press

3. The Startup menu is displayed and contains the following configuration functions.

The

following sections describe the Startup menu options. If no selection is made within 25 seconds (default), the switch

times out and the device continues to load normally.

Enter to access the Startup menu.

Startup Menu [1] Download Software [2] Set Terminal Baud-Rate [3] Stack menu [4] Back Enter your choice or press ｀ESC＇ to exit:

Downloading Software

Use the software download option when a new software version must be downloaded to replace corrupted files, update, or upgrade the system software. It is recommended to set the Baud Rate to 38400 prior to downloading software, therefore

allowing the software download to be faster. See Set Terminal Baud-Rate.

ownload software from the Startup menu:

1. On the Startup menu, press “1”.

The following prompt is displayed:

Downloading code using XMODEM

2. When using HyperTerminal, click Transfer on the HyperTerminal menu bar.

3. From the Transfer menu, click Send File. The Send File window is displayed.

4. Enter the file path for the file to be downloaded.

5. Ensure the protocol is defined as Xmodem.

6. Click Send.

The software is downloaded. Software downloading takes several minutes. The terminal emulation application, such as HyperTerminal, may display the progress of the loading process. After software downloads, the device reboots

automatically. Refer to the Set Terminal Baud-Rate section to define the Terminal Baud-Rate.

NOTE: Previous firmware versions that do not support Green Ethe downloaded into boards with Hardware version B1. The download fails after the device recognizes a firmware version that does not support these features.

rnet and Fan Control cannot be

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Set Terminal Baud-Rate

Use the Set Terminal Baud-Rate option to define the Baud-Rate. The Baud-Rate is the serial bit rate used to communicate with the management host. The Baud-Rates values are: 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400. The default Baud-Rate value is

9600.

To set the terminal Baud-Rate:

1. On the Startup menu, press “2”.

The following prompt is displayed:

Set new device Baud rate: _

2. Press Enter to apply changes.

Defining Stacking Units

Use the Stack menu option to display the current stack unit ID list and define an alternative unit ID (stack membership

number). Unit ID 0 is allocated for auto-numbering, which is the factory default. Refer to Managing Stacking for further

reference

To access the stack menu:

The following prompt is displayed:

1. On the Startup menu, press “3”.

Stack menu

[1] Show unit stack id [2] Set unit stack id [3] Back Enter your choice or press ‘ESC’ to exit:

2. To display the current unit stack ID list, press “1”.

The following prompt is displayed:

Stack menu

[1] Show unit stack id [2] Set unit stack id [3] Back Enter your choice or press ‘ESC’ to exit:

Current working mode is stacking. Unit stack id set to 0.

===== Press Enter to Continue ====

3. To change the unit ID (stack membership number), press “2”.

The following prompt is displayed:

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Stack menu

[1] Sho [2] Set unit stack id [3] Back Enter your choice or press ‘ESC’ to exit:

Enter unit stack id [0-6]:

w unit stack id

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Using the Web-Based User Interface

This section contains information on starting the D-Link Embedded Web Interface. To access the D-Link user interface:

1. Open an Internet browser. Ensure that pop-up blockers are disabled. If pop-up blockers are enabled, edit, add, and device information messages may not open.

2. Enter the device IP address in the address bar and press Enter.

The user interface provides access to various switch configuration and management windows, allows you to view performance statistics, and permits you to graphically monitor the system status. The screen captures in this Guide represent the DGS-3100-48 48 port device. The Web pages in the 24 port and the DGS-3100-24TG devices may vary slightly.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Understanding the D-Link Embedded Web Interface

The D-Link Embedded Web Interface Device Information Page contains the following information:

View Description Tree View

Displays the different system features, and configuration options.

Zoom View

Menu Information View

Device Information View

Stacking Status View

Located at the top of the home page, the port LED indicators provide a visual representatio

Located below the Zoom View, displays Save, Tool menu, Stack ID, and Logout buttons. Also displays Up Time information and User Loggin Identification.

Located in the main part of the home page, t device, an information or table area, and configuration instructions.

Located at the bottom left corner of the h a graphic representation of the stacking links and ports status.

n of the ports on the D-Link front panel.

he device view provides a view of the

ome page, the stacking status view provides

Table 0-1 Web Interface Views

Figure 0-1 Device Information Page

The following table describes the main 6 areas on the Device Information Page:

View Description

1. Tree View

2. Device Information View

3. Menu Information View

4. Zoom View

Select the folder or window to be displayed. The folder icons can be opened to display the hyperlinked menu buttons and subfolders contained within them.

Presents Switch information based on the selection and the entry of configuration data

Presents the Save button, a menu for accessing device tools, and a menu for Stack ID

selection. The current

also here.

Presents a graphical near real-time image of the front panel of the Switch. This area displays

Up Time and current User Loggin information is reported. The Logout button is

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

View Description

the Switch's ports and expansion modules, showing port activity, duplex mode, or flow control, depending on the specified mode.

Various areas of the graphic can be selected for performing management functions, including port configuration

5 Device Application Buttons

6 Stacking Status View

Provides access to the device logout, and provides information about the Safe Guard mode currently enabled on the device.

Provides a graphic representation of the stacking links and ports status.

Table 0-2 Main Areas

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Using the Tool Menu

The tool menu contains menu options for:

 Displaying the Stack Status  Locating Devices  Backing up and Restoring Configuration Files  Resetting the Device  Downloading the Firmware  Rebooting the System

Displaying the Stack Status

The Stacking Information Page provides specific information for stacked devices. For more information regarding the

stacking setup, see Managing Stacking section.

Locating Devices

The Device Locator Page enables locating system devices by activating LED locators. To locate devices:

1. Click

> Device Locator. The Device Locator Page opens.

2. Click master unit.

Figure 0-2 Device Locator Page

. The LED locator is activated for 20 seconds On which the letter “L” will flash on the

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Backing up and Restoring Configuration Files

The Config Backup and Restore Page contains fields for downloading and uploading the configuration file from the device

through HTTP or TFTP server. To back up and restore configuration files:

1. Click

> Config Backup & Restore. The Config Backup and Restore Page opens.

Figure 0-3 Config Backup and Restore Page

The Config Backup and Restore Page contain the following fields:

Field Description Http

TFTP

Indicates that the system files are backed up or restored via an HTTP server. The possible field values are:

Backup current setting to file — Backs up the current configuration files via the HTTP

server.

Restore saved setting from file — Restores the current configuration files via the HTTP

server.

File Type — Specifies the current configuration file type. The possible field values are Startup Config and Running Config.

Indicates that the system files are backed up or restored via an TFTP server. The possible field values are:

Server IP — Specifies the TFTP Server IP Address to which files are backed up or from which they are restored.

File — Indicates the file that is backed up or restored. File Type — Specifies the current configuration file type. The possible field values are

Startup Config and Running Config. Backup current setting to server — Backs up the current configuration files via the TFTP

server. Restore saved setting from server — Restores the current configuration files via the TFTP

server.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

2. Select HTTP

3. Define the selected server method fields.

To backup files, click

To restore files, click

or TFTP field.

Resetting the Device

The Factory Reset Page restores the factory defaults. To restore the device to the factory default settings:

1. Click

> Reset. The Factory Reset Page opens:

2. Click is updated.

Figure 0-4 Factory Reset Page

. The factory default settings are restored once it completely reloaded, and the device

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Downloading the Firmware

The ‘Firmware Download’ web page is used to download the firmware files that will be used to manage the device.

NOTE: Firmware version 1.x.x supports 4 SKUs od DGS-3100 series: DGS-3100-24, DGS-310024P, DGS-3100-48 and DGS-3100-48P, Firmware version 2.x.x supports in addition the 5 DGS-3100-24TG.

Firmware version 2.x.x includes as well additional features comparing to version 1.x.x, for more details, please refer to the Release Notes.

When upgrading firmware from version 1.x.x to version 2.x.x on the switch, the user should upgrade the boot software as well from version 1.0.0.3 to version 1.0.0.4.

Previous firmware versions that do not support Green Ethernet and Fan Control cannot be downloaded into boards with Fan Control and Green Ethernet. The download fails after the device recognizes a firmware version that does not support these features.

Upgrade Procedure – Important Notes:

ACL backward compatibility issue - In firmware 1.x.x, TCP/UDP ports of access profile are in hexadecimal instead of decimal values. In version 2.x.x, TCP/UDP port value entries are in decimal value. However - if the user upgrades the switch firmware from version 1.x.x to version 2.x.x, the value will be retained as hexadecimal value.

ACLs access rules priority did not work in firmware version 1.x.x. In firmware version 2.x.x, the priority is supported and it is not allowed two identical access rules priority from different access profiles. If the user download configuration file from version 1.x.x which including ACLs which has more than one rule, it might not work and there will be an error message. The user can delete and create the ACLs again if he encountered a problem.

Tacacs/Radius backwards compatibility issue - In firmware version 1.x.x, it is possible to configure up to 4 Tacacs /Radius servers. In firmware version 2.x.x, it is possible to configure up to 3 servers from each type. In addition to that it was not required to configure priority to Tacacs servers in 1.x.x while in 2.x.x it is required. If the user configured 4 servers in version 1.x.x and try to download the configuration to firmware 2.x.x, he will get an error message, the same event will happened because of the Tacacs priority.

or a TF

The Firmware Download Page enables downloading files either via an HTTP

TP server. To download Firmware:

SKU:

1. Click

> Firmware Download. The Firmware Download Page opens:

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Figure 0-5 Firmw

are Download Page

The Firmware Download Page contains the following fields:

Field Description HTTP Download

Indicates that the Firmware file is downloaded via an HTTP server.

Unit — Indicates if the Firmware file is downloaded to a specific stacking member or to

All stacking members.

File — Indicates the Firmware file that is downloaded to the stack or specific device.

TFTP Download

Indicates that the Firmware file is downloaded via a TFTP server.

Unit — Indicates if the Firmware file is downloaded to a specific stacking member or to

All stacking members.

Server IP Address — Specifies the TFTP Server IP Address from which files are

downloaded.

File — Indicates the Firmware file that is downloaded to the stack or specific device.

2. Select HTTP or TFTP Download field.

3. Define the Unit field.

4. For Http download, define the File field, or alternatively, browse to select the file.

5. Click

. The Firmware is downloaded, and the device is updated.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Rebooting the System

The System Reboot Page provides a method for selecting one, or all of the units to be rebooted. To reboot the system:

1. Click

> System Reboot. The System Reboot Page opens:

Figure 0-6 System Reboot Page

The System Reboot Page contains the Select Unit to Reboot field. The possible values are:

Value Description

All 01 - 06

2. Define the Select Unit to Reboot field.

3. Click

Reboots all stacking members.

Reboots the specific stack member.

. The selected unit(s) is/are rebooted.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

View/Add/Update/Delete User Accounts Using the Web System Components

The following table contains information regarding the list of buttons:

Component Name Description

Activate Activates field commands

Add Adds selected items

ALL Selects all

Apply Applies field settings

Backup Evokes backup

Cancel Cancels settings

Clear Clears selected settings and fields

Clear All Clears all settings and fields

Delete Deletes selected fields

Delete VID Deletes VLAN Identification

Download Starts downloading system files.

Edit Modifies configuration Information

Factory Reset Resets the factory defaults

Find Finds a table entry.

System Reboot Reboot the system

Refresh Refreshes device information.

Restore Restores the specific configuration file.

View All Entry Displays table entries.

Table 1-3 User Interface Buttons

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

'User' Level Support on the WEB

P3.0 firmware release will support additional user level (in addition to "Operator" and "Admin") on the WEB GUI. The new level will be ‘User’ (level 1).

‘User’ will have access as reader without possibility to change configuration to most of the web pages, except the pages that controls the following functionality that will be blocked to ‘user’ level:

 Update Firmware  Modify/Delete startup configuration  Factory Reset  View/Add/Update/Delete User Accounts

If the 'User' is trying to modify any configuration by pressing the 'Apply' button, the ‘Access Denied’ page will be displayed.

Figure 0-7 Access Denied Page

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

CONFIGURING BASIC CONFIGURATION

This section contains information for viewing device information, defining IP addresses, managing stacking, defining port parameters, configuring system user accounts, configuring and managing system logs, defining the system time, and configuring SNMP system management. This section contains the following topics:

 Viewing Device Information  Defining System Information  Defining IP Addresses  Managing Stacking  Defining Ports  ARP Settings  Configuring User Accounts  Managing System Logs  Configuring SNTP  Configuring SNMP  DHCP Relay  DHCP Local Relay  DHCP Auto Configuration  Dual Image Services  Telnet Setting  Defining Time Ranges  Serial Port Settings

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Viewing Device Information

The Device Information Page contains parameters for configuring general device information, including the system name,

location, and contact, the system MAC Address, System Up Time, and MAC addresses, and both software, boot, and hardware versions.

In addition the Device Information Page pr

information:

 Click DGS-3100-xx in t

he Tree View. The Device Information Page opens:

ovides shortcuts to device feature pages. To define the general system

Figure 0-1 Device Information Page

The Device Information Page contains the following fields:

Field Description Device Type

System Contact System Name System Location

Firmware Version Hardware Version Serial Number System Time System Up Time

Displays the factory defined device name and type.

Displays the name of the contact person. The field range is 0-31 characters.

Displays the user-defined system name. The field range is 0-31 characters.

Displays the location where the system is currently running. The field range is 0-31 characters.

Displays the installed software version number.

Displays the installed device hardware version number.

Displays the installed device serial number.

Displays the system time. The field format is Day/Month/Year.

Displays the amount of time since the most recent device reboot. The system time is displayed in the following format: Days, Hours, Minutes, and Seconds. For example, 41 days, 2 hours, 22 minutes and 15 seconds.

Field Description Boot Version

Displays the installed device boot version number.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

MAC Address IP Address Subnet Mask Default Gateway Login Timeout (minutes)

Time Source

802.1D Spanning Tree

DHCP Client

Safeguard Engine

SNMP Trap

SSL

GVRP Setting Telnet Setting

Displays the MAC address assigned to the device.

Displays the IP address assigned to the device.

Displays the subnet mask assigned to the device.

Displays the device default gateway assigned to the device.

Indicates the amount of time after which if no user activity occurs, the device times out. The default is 10 minutes.

Provides a shortcut to viewing the system clock settings.

Indicates if STP is enabled on the device, and provides a shortcut to viewing the STP settings.

Indicates if DCHP Client is enabled on the device, and provides a shortcut to viewing the DHCP Client settings.

Indicates if the Safeguard Engine is enabled on the device, and provides a shortcut to viewing the Safeguard Engine settings.

Indicates if SNMP Traps are enabled on the device, and provides a shortcut to viewing the SNMP Traps settings.

Indicates if Secure Socket Layer (SSL) is enabled on the device, and provides a shortcut to viewing the SSL settings.

Indicates if Group VLAN Registration Protocol is enabled.

Indicates if Telnet is enabled.

Jumbo Frame

Indicates if Jumbo Frames are enabled on the device, and provides a shortcut to viewing the Jumbo Frames settings.

BPDU Forwarding

Indicates if BPDU Forwarding is enabled on the device, and provides a shortcut to viewing the BPDU Forwarding settings.

IGMP Snooping

Indicates if IGMP Snooping is enabled on the device, and provides a shortcut to viewing the IGMP Snooping settings.

MLD Snooping

Indicates if MLD Snooping is enabled on the device, and provides a shortcut to viewing the MLD Snooping settings.

Broadcast Storm Control

Indicates if Broadcast Storm Control is enabled on the device, and provides a shortcut to viewing the Broadcast Storm Control settings.

802.1X Status

Indicates if 802.1X is enabled on the device, and provides a shortcut to viewing the

802.1X settings.

SSH

Indicates if Secure Shell Protocol (SSH) is enabled on the device, and provides a shortcut to viewing the SSH settings.

Port Mirroring

Indicates if Port Mirroring is enabled.

To view settings for a device feature:

1. Select a device feature under the Device Status and Quick Configuration Section.

2. Cl

ick setting next to the feature name. The configuration page for the selected device feature opens.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Defining System Information

The System Information Page provides device information about specific stacking members. To view system information:

1. Click Configuratio n > System Information. The Syst

em Information Page opens:

Figure 0-2 System Information Page

The System Information Page contains the following fields:

Field Description Unit ID

MAC Address Firmware Version Hardware Version System Contact System Name System Location

2. Define the System Name field.

3. Define the System Location and Login Timeout (minutes) fields.

4. Click

Displays the stack unit ID.

Displays the MAC address assigned to the device

Displays the stacking member’s software version number.

Displays the stacking member’s hardware version number.

Defines the name of the contact person. The field range is 0-160 characters.

Defines the user-defined system name.

Defines the location where the system is currently running. The field range is 0-160 characters.

Defines the amount of time the device times out when no user activity occurs. The default is 10 minutes.

. The system information is defined, and the device is updated.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Defining IP Addresses

The IP Address Page contains fields for assigning IP addresses. Packets are forwarded to the default IP when frames are sent to a remote network via the Default Gateway. The configured IP address must belong to the same IP address subnet of one of the IP interfaces. The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) assigns dynamic IP addresses to devices on a

network. DHCP ensures that network devices can have a different IP address every time the device connects to the network.

1. Click Confi

guration > IP Address. Th

e IP Address Page opens:

Figure 0-3 IP Address Page

The IP Address Page contains the following fields:

Field Description Static

DHCP IP Address Subnet Mask

Gateway

Management VLAN VID

2. Select the IP address type in either the Static or DHCP fields.

3. If Static is the defined IP address type, define the IP Address field.

4. Define the Subnet Mask, Gateway, and Management VLAN VID fields.

5. Click

When selected, the IP address is static and user-defined in the IP Address field. This is the default value.

When selected, the IP address is retrieved from a DHCP server.

Defines the IP address. This field is active if the IP address is static.

Defines the address mask that manages sub-netting on the network. The default value is

255.0.0.0.

Defines the default gateway. The default gateway manages connections to other subnets and other networks.

Defines the management VLAN’s VID.

. The IP address information is defined, and the device is updated.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Managing Stacking

Stacking enhances network flexibility by building virtual switches with more ports then are available in a single device.

Stacks are managed by stacking member which called Stack Master., All other stacking members serve as ports only.

The following paragraphs provide a stacking explanation for DGS-3100 series and include the following topics:

 Managing Stacking Modes  Advanced Stacking  Building Stacks – Quick Start  Stack Management Examples  Configuring Stacking

Managing Stacking Modes

A switch operates in the following modes:

NOTE: The DGS-3100 series family stacking connections have two HX ports.

 Stacking

consists of one Stack Master, a Backup Master, and up to four Stack Member Switches. However, in specific

scenarios, a single unit can be considered a Stack of One. A Stack of One is a single unit which is not connected to

any other stacking members.

If the unit is reset to the factory defaults, the unit is reloaded in stacking Auto-Numbering mode.

- Switches operating in Stack mode run as organized group of switches known as a Stack. A stack

Advanced Stacking

This section provides information for understanding advanced stacking concepts, including:

 Unit ID and how they are allocated  Stacking member start up process.

This section contains the following topics:

 Allocating Unit IDs  Assigning Unit IDs

Allocating Unit IDs

Switches are shipped from the factory without a Unit ID and in Auto Assign mode. All switches must be assigned a Unit ID

before switches can operate as stacking members. More than one stacking member cannot receive the same Unit ID. Unit IDs are assigned by:

 Assigned by the system administrator. Unit IDs that are assigned by the system administrator and can only be

changed manually by the system administrator.

 If the system administrator does not set the Unit IDs manually, the Auto Assign initializes the switches when they

are powered up. From the switches who are automatically assigned a Unit ID, one of the stacking members is assigned the Unit ID 1. That stacking member is the Stack Master. If there were more than one switch in the stack, there is a Master Election and Backup Master Election process. Following the Master Election process, the other stacking members are assigned a Unit ID by the stack Master. For more information on the Master Election process,

please see Electing a Stacking Master.

members maintain the assigned Unit ID even after the stacking member is rebooted. The Stack Master may

ing

Stack reallocate IDs during system initialization to resolve duplicate ID conflicts. Manually assigned IDs cannot be changed by the Stack Master, even if there is a conflict.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

ID assignments or modifications are effective only during system initialization, and do not occur during the system up-

Uni time.

Stacking members do not have to be numbered in sequence, and can be interconnected, as long as each stacking has a unique ID, and at least, one stacking member serves as the Stack Master.

Assigning Unit IDs

Each stacking member has an assigned unique Unit ID. Unit ID numbers are assigned as follows:

 Unit ID 1 - Assigned to the Stack Master. The Stack Master is indicated by the Master LED on front which is lit

solid green.

 Unit ID 2 - Assigned to the Backup Master  Unit ID 3, 4, 5, and 6 - Assigned to Stacking members.

NOTE: There are cases in which a unit to which Unit ID 1 is assi Backup Master.



This section contains the following topics:

 Defining a Stacking Master  Defining a Stacking Back Up Master  Defining Stacking Members  Master Enabled Stacking Members  Electing a Stacking Master

fining a Stacking Ma

The stacking member assigned the Unit ID1 operates as the Stack Master.

The Stack Master provides a single point of control, configuration, and management for the entire stack. In addition, the Stack Master stores all stack member configuration. The individual stacking members do not store any configuration information.

Defining a Stacking Back Up Master

The stacking member assigned the Unit ID 2 is defined as the stack’s Backup Master.

In addition to being a stack member, Backup Master serves as a backup in case the Stack Master fails or disconnected. If the Stack Master fails or disconnected, the Backup Master takes over as the Stack Master.

The Stack Master stores an active configuration which copied on the Backup Master. The active configuration copy is used if the Backup Master takes over for the Stack Master. Only the configuration file is copied. Any dynamically filled tables, for example, learnt address, are not copied from the Stack Master to the Backup Master. If the Backup Master takes over the role of Stack Master, the Backup Master builds new dynamic tables.

ster

gned is not the stack Master but a

Defining Stacking Members

Switches assigned the Unit IDs 3,4,5,6 are called stacking members. The Stack Master (or Backup Master if the Stack Master fails) manages the stack members operation. Stacking members cannot be directly managed or configured. If neither the Stack Master nor the Backup Master were operating, the stacking members cannot function.

Master Enabled Stacking Members

Only Stacking members assigned to Unit ID 1 or 2 are called Master Enabled stacking members. Only the Master Enabled stacking members participate in the Master Election process, and therefore can become master or backup master (that means the s with assigned IDs of 3, 4, 5 and 6 can never become neither a master nor a backup master unless their ID is changed by the system administrator or reset to the factory default firstly).

Electing a Stacking Master

Whenever a stacking member (or more than one) comes up, one of the stacking members is elected to be the stack Master. The Stack Master is selected as follows:

 If one of the master enabled stacking members in the stack was set to Force Master by the system administrator

(through the GUI – Stacking Master selector), that master enabled stacking member is the Stack Master. Stacking

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

bers which are defined as Force Master stacking members are manually selected as the Stack Master. Only a

master enabled stacking member can be selected as the Force Master.

 If the stack contains more than one stacking member whose Unit ID is either 1 or 2, then one of the stacking

members are elected the Stack Master. It does not matter if the Unit ID was originally automatically or manually

assigned. These stacking members are called Master Enabled. If there is only one stacking member, that stacking

member is selected as the Stack Master, even if the stacking member’s Unit ID is 2. If there is a stacking member Unit ID 2 which up-time is 30 minutes and Unit ID 1’s uptime is 19 minutes. The difference is 11, which is greater than 10 minutes, thus the Unit ID 2 is the elected Stack Master.

 If there are more than one stacking members, the two stacking members decide which stacking member is elected

Stack Master by checking: – Which stacking member has been running for a longer time. The up-time is measured in increments of 10

minutes. The stacking member running the longest is elected the Stack Master.

– If they have been running for the same amount of time, the stacking member with the Unit ID 1 is the stack

Master.

– If both stacking members have been running for the same amount of time, and both stacking membes have the

same Unit ID, the stacking members with the lowest MAC addressis selected as the Stack Master. The other unit is rebooted and is assigned the Unit ID 2.

– If the stack contains one or more stacking members set to the factory default states, and there is no Unit ID

assigned to a stacking member, then the Stack Master is one of these stacking members. The stacking member selected to be the Master is the stacking member running for the longest time. If all stacking members are running the same amount of time, the stacking member with the lowest MAC address is selected as the Stack Master.

The Master Election results in an elected Stack Master. The Stack master has a Unit ID of 1 and the Backup Master has a Unit ID of 2 (if a Backup Master was included in the stack).

If a Master Enabled stacking member, a Unit ID of 1 or 2, is added to a stack and powered on, the newly added switch invokes Master Election process. The Master Election process occurs even though the stack has an elected master. However, the newly added switch loses in the election process (lower up-time) and joins the stack as a stacking member or Backup Master.

Stack Startup Process

When a stacking member is initialized, either powered up or rebooted, the stacking member goes through the same exact process including:

 Discovering the Stacking Master.  Allocating Unit IDs/Resolving Unit ID Conflicts  Unit and Stacking Port Configuration

Discovering the Stacking Master

When a stacking member is initialized in stack mode, the stacking member’s behavior depends on its Unit ID.

 If the stacking member does not have a current Unit ID the stacking member operates in Factory Default mode. If

there is a Stacking Master, the stacking member is assigned a Unit ID through Unit ID Allocation. The stacking members receive a Unit ID from the Stacking Master. If the stack does not have a Stacking master then the switch participates in Master-Election, and may be elected either the new Stacking Master or Backup Master.

 If the stacking member’s current Unit ID is 1 or 2, the stacking member participates in the Master Election. For

example, the Unit ID was previously allocated, or the stacking member was in a different stack.

 If the stacking member has a current Unit ID the stacking members attempts to use the Unit ID in the new stack. If

the stacking member current ID is 3, 4, 5, or 6, then the stacking members attempts to connect to the running Stack Master. The new stacking member does not proceed to the next stage until there is contact with the Stack Master.

These stacking members do not participate in the Master Election process, and if no Stack Master is present, the

stacking members’ network ports are shut down. Only the stacking ports are operational.

Both the Stack Master and all other stacking members carry out a continuous process of Master Discovery by frequently

exchanging stack control messages. This allows the stacking members to discover when a stacking member fails or is unreachable.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Allocating Unit IDs/Resolving Unit ID Conflicts

Once the Stack Master is elected, it allocates the Unit IDs to the stacking members that do not have a Unit ID. Stacking

members that do not have a Unit ID operate in the Factory Default mode.

In addition, the stack Master attempts to resolve all duplicate Unit IDs occurrences among stacking members. The Stack Master reallocates the duplicate Unit ID if there are available Unit IDs.

If two stacks are merged, stacking units that were initially in the Stack Master’s sub-group retain their Unit ID. New stacking member are allocated new Unit IDs.

If a conflict occurs after the stacking members are rebooted, the following occurs:

 If both duplicate stacking members are in Auto Assign mode, then the Unit ID is assigned by the MAC address.

The stacking member with the lowest MAC address maintains its Unit ID. The other stacking member is assigned a new Unit ID.

 If one of the stacking members with duplicate Unit IDs is in Auto Assign mode and the other stacking member is in

manual mode, the stacking member in Manual mode maintains its Unit ID, The other stacking member is assigned

a new Unit ID. .

Stacking members are shut down if:

 If both duplicate stacking members are in Manual mode then both stacking members are shut down.  If the Stack Master is able to allocate a Unit ID to each stacking member, then all stacking members operate as a

stack. If the Stack Master is unable to allocate a Unit ID to any stacking member, that stacking member is

effectively shut down and does not participate in the stack.

 Stacking members with a conflicting manually set ID are shut down as the Stack Master cannot override the system

administrator’s Unit ID assignment to resolve the conflict.

 If there are more stacking members than the maximum number allowed in a stack, and the incoming stacking

members are already in Factory Default mode, the Stack Master is elected following Master Discovery and Master Election processes. All other stacking members are shut down in some extreme cases, due to during the boot

process, where some stacking members may be connected and join the stack. If the new stacking members are already assigned a Unit, then the new stacking members cannot join the stack. The switches are remains shut down.

If a stacking member is shut down, the stacking members stacking links are inactive. Moreover, if the stacking members are connected in a chain topology, the shut down of one stacking member breaks the chain. This may cause other stacking members to be disconnected and shut down if the stacking members have no active link to the Stack Master.

Unit and Stacking Port Configuration

Each stacking member has a Unit ID; one of the stacking members is the stack Master, and, possibly, one of the stacking members serves as Backup Master. The Stack Master now configures each stacking member according to the Configuration file stored on the Stack Master.

If the stack has a Backup Master the Configuration file are also be copied to the Backup Master.

Once all the stacking members are configured, the stack proceeds to a normal operational mode. If any change is made to the system configuration, the change is stored by the stack Master and is copied to the Backup Master.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Building Stacks – Quick Start

The DGS-3100 series supports the following stacking scenarios:

 Building a new stack from scratch  Increasing the stack by adding units to an existing stack

This section contains the following topics:

 Stack Resiliency  Managing a Self-Ordered Stack  Managing a New Manually Ordered Stack

Stack Resiliency

Topologies of stack can be either Ring or Chain. Best practice is to configure the stack in Ring topology, due to the high resiliency in case of unit failure or stacking link failure.

Additionally, in case of redundant power supply usage it is recommended to make sure that Master and Backup Master s are connected to a redundant power supply.

Managing a Self-Ordered Stack

This section describes managing a self-ordered stack. Self–ordered stacks are automatically assigned Unit IDs by the system through the Master Election process. This section contains the following topics:

 Building a New Self-Ordered Stack  Adding Members to a Self Ordered Running Stack

Building a New

To build a self ordered stack:

1. Connect the units physically through the stacking ports.

2. Turn on the units. After a short interval the stack will become operational with one of the units selected as the Master of the stack. The Master and Backup selection is known as Master Election. Master Election takes place if there are one or more eligible candidates contending to be the Master unit. The Master Unit is indicated by the green Master LED on the front panel. The Master LED is located near the Unit ID LEDs. If a serial console is connected, the serial cable must be connected to the Stack Master console port since the only operational console port in the stack is the one of the Master unit.

Adding Members to a Self Ordered Running Stack

1. Reset the new stacking units to the factory defaults by pressing the Reset button (optional).

2. Connect the stacking members physically to the stack.

3. Turn on the switches, the new units will become stacking members.

Self-Ordered Stack

NOTE: To reset the stacking members to the factory defaults, pr

seconds.

ess the Reset button for at least 5

Managing a New Manually Ordered Stack

System administrator can also manually assign Unit IDs to stacking members. System administrator has to assign a unique Unit ID from 1 to 6 to each stack member.

A Unit ID that is manually assigned is not subject to automatic numbering. The Unit IDs are assigned as follows:

 Unit ID 1 – Assigned to the Stacking Master. The Stack Master is indicated by the Master LED on front which is

lit solid green.

 Unit ID 2 - Assigned to the Backup Master  Unit ID 3 4, 5, 6 –Assigned to the Stacking member.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

is section

 Building New Manually Ordered Stacks  Adding Stacking Members to an Existing Manually Ordered Stack

contains the following topics:

Building New

To build new a self ordered stack:

1. Connect the units physically through the stacking ports.

2. Turn on the units, one at a time.

3. Assign the Stack Master the Unit ID of 1 using a Stack Management Interfaces either the console port, Telnet, or

4. Assign the Backup Master the Unit ID of 2 using a Stack Management Interfaces either the console port, Telnet, or

5. Assign the remaining stacking members using a Stack Management Interfaces either the console port, Telnet, or

6. Ensure that none of the stacking members have the same Unit ID.

7. Reboot all the stack units.

Adding Stacking Members to an Existing Manually Ordered Stack

To add units to an existing manually ordered stack:

1. Reset the new stacking units to the factory defaults by pressing the Reset button.

2. Connect the stacking members physically to the stack.

3. Turn on the switches, the new units become stacking members, but with automatically assigned Unit IDs.

4. Reassign the Unit ID manually to each of the newly added stacking members using a Stack Management Interfaces

5. Reboot the stacking members to ensure the Unit ID is permanent.

Manually Ordered Stacks

Embedded Web Interface.

either the console port, Telnet, or Embedded Web Interface. This step is optional, and the stack is operational even if some unit IDs were manually configured while others are self-assigned.

Stack Management Examples

This section contains information for troubleshooting stacking, and includes the following topics:

 Replacing Failed Stacking-Members in a Running Stack  Replacing a Failed Stack Master  Dividing Stacks  Merging Stacks  Stacking Cable Failure  Inserting Excess Stacking Members

Replacing Failed Stacking-Members in a Running Stack

This example assumes that a stacking member, other than master, has failed in a running stack, when the system administrator is notified of the system failure the stacking member is removed and replaced with a new switch.

When the stacking member fails, the Stack Master identifies the failed stacking member using the Master Discovery process.

The Stack Master recognizes that the stacking member no longer responds. If the stack topology was ring topology, the Stack Master directs all other stack members to route traffic around the failed stacking member. At the same time the Stack Master notifies the system administrator of the failure using SYSLOG messages and SNMP traps.

When the failed stacking member is disconnected from the stack, all traffic is routed around the failed stacking member as stated above. As long as all other stacking connections are intact, the stack continues to run.

When a new stacking member is inserted and the stack is powered up, the following occurs:

 The new stacking member which is in stacking mode, performs the Master Discovery process, and perhaps

participates in a Master Election .For more information on the Master Election process, see Electing a Stacking Master.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

– If th

– If the new stacking member has a Unit ID of 3 to 6, the new unit attempts to become a stacking member, and

 The Stack Master performs a Unit ID Allocation and Conflict Resolution process.

– If the new stacking member was in Factory Default mode (the unit does not have an assigned Unit ID). The

– If the new stacking member already has an assigned Unit ID, and that Unit ID is unused in the current stack,

– If the new stacking member already has an assigned Unit ID, and that Unit ID conflicts with an existing Unit

– If the new stacking member cannot be assigned an available Unit ID, then the new stacking member is

 The Stack Master now performs Unit an  Any configuration information which the Stack Master stores that is relevant to the Unit ID is assigned to the new

stacking member. If the new stacking member was assigned the same Unit ID of the replaced stacking member, then the new stacking member receives the same configuration as the failed stacking member. If the new stacking member is identical to the replaced stacking member, the entire configuration of the replaced stacking member is applied to the new stacking member. The stack reverts to the stacking state it was running in before stacking member failed. However, sometimes the new stacking member is not identical to the failed stacking member. The Stack Master applies the configuration as follows:

 If a 24-port switch replaces a failed 48-port switch, then the new stacking member’s ports are configured according

first 24 ports configuration of the failed stacking member.

e new stacking member has a Unit ID of 1 or 2, i.e. the stacking member is a master enabled unit, the new

stacking member initiates the Master Election process. However, since the running Stack Master has a longer up-time, it remains the Stack Master and the new stacking member does not become a new Stack Master.

is subject to the already running Stack Master. The Master Election process does not occur.

new stacking member is assigned the lowest available Unit ID by the Stack Master. It is strongly recommended that automatic assigned Unit ID mode be used since it provides improved stack resiliency.

the new stacking member retains its assigned Unit ID. The Stack Master applies any configuration relevant to that Unit ID.

ID the Stack Master reallocates a new Unit ID to the new stacking member. , The lowest available Unit ID is applied to the new stacking member. This occurs only if new stacking member does not have a manually assigned Unit ID, which the Stack Master cannot change.

effectively shut down and cannot join the stack. For example, the stacking member replacement can only occur if the new stacking member has a manually assigned Unit ID.

d Stacking Port Configuration for the

new stacking member.

NOTE: The 48 port configuration of the failed stacking first 24 port configuration is currently applied. If a 48 port switch is inserted and assigned the same Unit ID, the switch is configured with the port configuration of the original 48 port stacking member.

 If a 48-port stacking member replaces a 24-port stacking member, then the first 24 ports of thenew stacking

member are configured according failed stacking member’s ports configuration. The remaining new stacking member ports are configured with the switch’s default settings.

member is recorded, even though only the

Replacing a Failed Stack Master

This example assumes that that a stacking member acting as the Stack Master has failed in a running stack. When the system administrator is notified of the Stack Master failure and replaces existing Stack Master with a new switch.

When the Stack Master fails, the stack’s Backup Master recognizes the failure and that the Stack Master no longer responds and assumes the role of Stack Master. The Backup Master uses Master Discovery process to identify the failure. In case of Ring topology the Backup Master directs all other stack members to route traffic around the failed stacking member. At the same time the Backup Master notifies the system administrator of the failure using SYSLOG messages and SNMP traps.

When the failed stacking member is disconnected from the stack, all traffic is already routed around the failed stacking member. If all other stacking connections are left intact, the stack keeps running. When a new stacking member is inserted and powered up, the following occurs:

 The new stacking member performs Master Discovery process, and participates in a Master Election process. For

more information on the Master Election, see Electing a Sta cking Mast er.

– If the

Election process is initiated. Since the running stack Backup Master has a longer run timeand if the Backup Master has been running for more then 10 minutes, the Backup Master remains the elected Stack Master. The new stacking member does not become the new Stack Master. This may result in new stacking member using

w stacking member has a Unit ID of 1 or 2, i.e. the stacking member is a master enabled; Master

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

nd serving as the stack Backup master, while the already running stacking member with Unit ID 2

Unit ID

1, a

remains the active Stack Master.

 The Stack Master performs Unit ID Allocation and Conflict Resolution process.

– If the new stacking member is in the Factory Default mode, the new stacking member is assigned the lowest

available Unit ID by the Stack Master. It is strongly recommended that Auto Assign mode is used to assign the Unit ID. The Auto Assign mode provides better stack resiliency.

– If the new stacking member already has an assigned Unit ID, and that Unit ID is unused in the current stack,

the incoming stacking member is assigned Unit ID. The Stack Master applies any device configuration to the new stacking member.

– If the new stacking member already has an assigned Unit ID, and that UnitID conflicts with an existing Unit

ID the Stack Master reallocates a new Unit ID to the new stacking member. The lowest available Unit ID is applied to the new stacking member. This occurs only if new stacking member does not have a manually assigned Unit ID, which the Stack Master cannot change.

– If the new stacking member cannot be assigned an available Unit ID, then the new stacking member is

effectively shut down and cannot join stack. For example, if stacking member replacement that can only occur if the new stacking member has a manually assigned Unit ID.

 The Stack Master performs Unit an

 Any configuration information the Stack Master retains that is relevant to the Unit ID of the new stacking member

d Stacking Port Configuration fo

r the new stacking member.

is applied. If the new stacking member was assigned the same Unit ID of the replaced stacking member, then the new stacking member receives the same switch configuration as the failed stacking member, described in

Replacing Failed Stacking-Members in a Running Stack.

Dividing Stacks

This example assumes that a working stack is divided into two groups. The stack is divided either by a failed stacking link connected to two stacking members in the stack or by a failed stacking members in a chain topology which causes disconnection between two units in the stack. In this case we should consider each sub-group as an independent running stack configuration. For each sub-group we should consider three sub options:

 Both the Stack Master and the Backup Master are part of the sub-group.  Either the Stack Master or the Backup Master is part of the sub-group.  Neither the Stack Master nor the Backup Master is part of the sub-group.

When a stack is split into two parts, the following occurs in each partial stack according to the following scenario:

Both the Stack Master and the Backup Master are part of the sub-group.

Nothing changes, except the Stack Master recognizes the missing stacking members as removed stacking members and routes traffic around them.

Since both the Stack Master and Backup Master are in this stacking section, this section is operating and the other section cannot operate.

The following occurs when the stack is divided and both the Master and Backup master are in the sub-group:

 The Master Discovery, Master Election and Unit ID Allocation & Duplicate Unit ID Conflict Resolution processes

are performed, resulting in the following: – Any configuration information stored by Stack Master, which remained in the group, that is relevant to the

stacking members remains unchanged.

– Topology information, inter-stacking member forwarding information for transmitting traffic to any other

stacking member, managed by the Stack Master includes only stacking members that remain connected after the stack is divided.

– The divided stack continues to operates normally, the only difference is there are less stacking members than

prior to the stack division.

– No Unit ID changes are performed in each divided stack. – The Stack Master notifies the system administrator using SYSLOG messages and SNMP traps of the removed

stacking members. In addition the Stack Master also notifies the system administrator whichd ports belong to

unreachable stacking members and are reported as Not Present.

 Either the Stack Master or the Backup Master remain in the divided group

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

– If th

e Stack Master remains in this sub-group, the behavior is the same as described above. If the Backup

Master remains in this sub group the behavior is the same as described in0 - Replacing a Failed Stack Master .

NOTE: If a stack is divided into two parts with one section which containing the Stack Master, and the other se

ction - Backup Master was operate.

The following occurs if either the Stack Master or the Backup Master remains in the divided group:

 The Master Discovery, Master Election and Unit ID Allocation & Duplicate Unit ID Conflict Resolution processes are

performed, resulting in the following:

– When the stack is divided and if the Stack Master remains in the split stack, the Stack Master recognizes that

the stacking units were no longer responds. This occurs using the Master Detection Process. The Stack Master

notifies the system administrator using SYSLOG messages and SNMP traps of the removed stacking members. In addition the Stack Master also notifies the system administrator whichd ports belong to unreachable

stacking members and are reported as Not Present.

– if the Backup Master remains in the split stack, when the stack is divided, the Backup Master identifies this as

of the Stack Master failing. The Backup Master takes over and manages the remaining stacking members as a stack. The Backup Master retains the same Unit ID as before the stack was divided. Since the Backup Master was not acting as the Stack Master prior to the split, the Back Master initiates a Topology Database and port learning process. Traffic can be halted for a short period until the stack is synchronized, i.e., stacking member and port configuraiton is completed. New stacking members are learnt by the Backup Master are notified to the system administrator using SYSLOG messages and SNMP traps.

– The divided stack continues to operate normally, the only difference is there are less stacking members than

prior to the stack division.No Unit ID changes are performed in each the divided stacks.

– Even if each stacking section has a Stack Master, one section retains the Stack Master and the other section the

Backup Master, both stacks have the same configuration and the same IP address.

NOTE: If both stacks have the same IP Address, this can lead to n

etwork problem. There is

no way for users to connect to any stacks through the stack IP address

If neither the Stack Master nor the Backup Master remain in the divided group.

 This is identical to failed Stack Master, where no backup is available.  Stacking members whose Unit IDs are 3, 4, 5 or 6 in original stack do not renumber themselves. The stacking

members’ network ports remains shut down until a Stack Master is enabled, is connected and is operating as the Stack Master .The Master-Discovery process recognized that the Stack Master has been separated from the stack.

 The stacking members lose connection with the Stack Master. Since the stacking members started as a running

stack, and the stacking members are not in the Factory Default Mode, the stacking members are not reassigned Unit

IDs. Resetting the stacking members will initiate Unit ID auto-assignment. No Unit ID changes are performed in each one of the two stacking sections of the original stacks.

NOTE: None of the stacking members in either stac

king sections can remember themselves.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Merging Stacks

This example assumes that the user would like to merge two working stacks. This creates one stack from two separate stacks. There are two scenarios:

If new stacking members are powered down during insertion and then powered up

 This is identical to insert stacking members into a running stack, see Replacing Failed Stacking-Members in a

ng Stack. The only difference is that an additional stacking member is inserted into the stack. Therefore, for

Runni

each stacking

If stacks being merged are connecting via stacking cables and, both stacks are running the following occurs:

 If each of the joined stacks has a Stack Master, both Stack Masters s perform the Master Discovery process. Both

Stack Masters participate in the Master Election process. One Stack Master is selected as the Stack Master. The

criteria for selecting a Stack Master in a merged stack as follows:

– Force Master – System Up Time – Lowest Unit ID – Lowest MAC Address

 The process of master selection between two Stack Masters is as follows:

– If Force Master is enabled, then the Stack Master which was forced is selected. – The System Up Time is measured in increments of 10 minutes The Stack Master with longest System Up Time

is selected as Stack Master.

– If both Stack Masters have the same Up Time, the Stack Master with the lowest Unit ID is selected as Stack

Master.

– If both Stack Master Unit IDs are equal the Stack Master with the lowest MAC address is selected. – The Master Election process assigns a dynamically allocated Unit ID Reassignment of Unit Id to the other

Stack Master and is performed by the new Stack Master. The switch is either allocated as a stack memberor the Backup Master. There cannot be two stacking members with the same Unit ID at the process end.

– The Stacking Master that loses the Master election process is shut down if the Unit ID was manually allocated.

It is recommended that the administrator configure the switch to Auto Assign mode before reconnecting the

switch to the stack.

– When two stacks are combined, all of the configuration information for one of the stacks is lost. After the

discovery/election process is completed, only the new Stack Master maintains its configuration information,

– If one of the merged stacks had neither a Stack Master unit nor a Backup Master, then stacking members

belonging to this groupare inserted into the stack as in Replacing Failed Stacking-Members in a Running Stack.

The Stac

Unit IDs necessary. For more information see Replacing Failed Stacking-Members in a Running Stack.

If two stacks information that belong to the portion of the stack that was not reelected is lost and the new Stack Master relearns the information. .

re merged into one stack, both stack configuration cannot be to maintained. All stacking member’s dynamic

member inserted the same process occurs.

k Master either c

onnects stacking members to the stack using thecurrent Unit Ids or reallocates the

Stacking Cable Failure

This example assumes that Stacking Connection Cables failed and caused the stack to split, as described in Dividing Stacks.

When the stacking cable connection is fixed and stacking members are reconnected, it results in merging two stacks as

described in Merging Stacks.

can be occured only if the topology of the stack is Chain topology. Single stacking cable failure does not causes a stack

Thi

split if a Ring topology is used.

Inserting Excess Stacking Members

This example assumes that the user attempts to insert too many stacking members into s into a stack.

 All stacking members (existing and newly inserted) are powered on at the same time:

– A Stack Master is elected following Master Discovery and Master Election processes. – All excess stacking members are shutdown.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

 A

nning stacking member group is added to an existing stack, assuming each one of the stack groups has an elected Stack Master. The total of existing stacking members and new stacking members exceeds the maximum allowed number of stacking members in a stack, which is 6 stacking members:

– Master Detection and Master Election processes determine the master out of one of two combined stacking

groups.

– When switches are added to a running stack, the Unit ID Allocation and Duplicate ID Conflict Resolution

process detects an error if too many switches are present in the stack, and no changes are to stacking members that originally belonged to the group managed by the newly elected master. The original switches retain their ID assignments and configurations. The stacking members that originally belonged to the group managed by the Stack Master that lost the Master Election process are shut down.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Configuring Stacking

The Stacking Settings Page allows network managers to execute force master and to change each and every unit its own unit

ID. To complete the changing process the user need to reboot the unit.

1. Click Configuration > Stacking Settings. The St

acking Settings Page opens:

Figure 0-4 Stacking Settings Page

The Stacking Settings Page contains the following fields:

Field Description Stacking Master

Current Stack ID New Stack ID after

reset

2. Select the Stacking Master in the Stacking Master field.

3. Select a Unit ID in the New Stack ID after reboot field.

4. Click

then the changes will be applied and occurd after the reboot.

Defines the stacking member with either stacking ID of 1 or 2 as the Stacking Master. The possible field values are:

Unit 1 — Defines the member with the Unit ID 1 as the Stacking Master if unit ID 2 will

be selected unit ID 1 will be reboot and ID 2 will become stack master.

Unit 2 — Defines the member with the Unit ID 2 as the Stacking Master if unit ID 1 will be selected unit ID 2 will be reboot and ID 1 will become stack master.

Displays the Stacking Member ID that the new Unit ID will replace after the device is rboot.

Defines the unit ID assigned to the Stacking Member after the device rboot.

. If force master was selected then current master will be rebooted. If unit ID was change

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Defining Ports

 Configuring Port Properties  Viewing Port Properties

Configuring Port Properties

The Port Setting Page contains parameters for configuring port or LAG properties. Gigabit ports operate in full duplex

mode only, and take on certain characteristics that are different from the other choices listed. The copper ports also support auto MDI/MDIX for cross over cables.

To define port parameters:

1. Click Configuration >Port Configuration > Port Setting. The Port Setting Page opens:

Figure 0-5 Port Setting Page

The Port Setting Page contains the following fields:

Field Description Unit

From Port

From LAG

To Port

To LAG

State

Defines the stacking member or LAG for which the port settings are displayed.

Defines the port number from which the port configuration will apply.. This field appears only if a unit number is selected in the Unit field.

Defines the LAG number from which the port configuration will apply. This field appears only if LAG is selected in the Unit field.

Defines the port number to which ports the configuration will apply. This field appears only if a unit number is selected in the Unit field.

Defines the LAG number to which the port configuration will apply. This field appears only if LAG is selected in the Unit field.

Defines whether the interface interface is currently operational or non-operational. The possible

field values are:

Field Description

Enabled — Indicates that the interface is currently receiving and transmitting traffic. Disabled — Indicates that the interface is currently not receiving and not transmitting traffic.

This is the default value.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Speed

Defines the configured rate for the interface. The port rate determines what speed setting options are available. The possible field values are:

10M/Full — Indicates the interface is currently operating at 10 Mbps and full duplex mode. 10M/Half — Indicates the interface is currently operating at 10 Mbps and half duplex mode. 100M/Full — Indicates the interface is currently operating at 100 Mbps and full duplex

mode. 100M/Half — Indicates the interface is currently operating at 100 Mbps and half duplex

mode. 1000M/Full — Indicates the interface is currently operating at 1000 Mbps and full duplex

mode.

Auto —Indicates the interface is automatically configured to the fastest network traffic the

interface can manage.

Flow Control

Defines the flow control scheme used for the various port configurations. Interface configured for full-duplex use 802.3x flow control, half-duplex interfaces use backpressure flow control,

and Auto interfaces use an automatic selection of the two. The default is Disabled.

Learning

Defines whether MAC address learning is enabled on the ports. The possible field values are:

Enabled — Enables MAC address learning on the interface. If MAC address learning is enabled, the source and destination MAC address are recorded in the Forwarding Table.

(This is the default value) Disabled — Disables MAC address learning..

2. Define the Unit, From Por or From LAG t, To Port or To LAG, State, Speed, Flow Control, and Learning fields.

3. Click

. The port configuration is saved, and the device is updated.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Viewing Port Properties

The Port Description Page allows network managers provide a description of device ports. To define a port description:

1. Click Configuration > >Port Configuration > Port Description. The Port Description Page opens:

Figure 0-6 Port Description Page

The Port Description Page contains the following fields:

Field Description Unit

From Port To Port Description

2. Define the Unit, From Port, To Port, and Description fields.

3. Click

Defines the stacking member for which the port settings are displayed.

Defines the port number from which the port parameters are configured.

Defines the port number to which the port parameters are configured.

Defines a user-defined port description.

The port description is saved, and the device is updated.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

ARP Settings

The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) converts IP addresses into physical addresses and maps the IP address to a MAC

address. ARP allows a host to communicate with other hosts only when the IP addresses of its neighbors are known. To define ARP information:

1. Click Configuration > ARP Settings. The ARP Settings Page opens:

Figure 0-7 ARP Settings Page

The ARP Settings Page contains the following fields:

Field Description Interface Name

ARP Aging Time (1-65535)

IP Address MAC Address Static ARP Settings

2. Define the Interface Name and ARP Aging Time fields.

3. Click

4. Define the IP Address and MAC Address fields.

5. Click

Defines the interface (VLAN) name.

Defines the amount of time (in seconds) that passes between ARP Table entry requests. Following the ARP Entry Age period, the entry is deleted from the table. The range is 1

- 65535. The default value is 300 seconds.

Defines the station IP address associated with the MAC address.

Defines the station MAC address associated in the ARP table with the IP address.

Displays current static ARP settings table, detailing the user-defined interface name, IP address, and MAC address of each entry.

. The ARP global setting is updated.

. The ARP settings are saved, and the device is updated.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Configuring User Accounts

User accounts including user passwords and access rights are defined on the User Accounts Page. To define user account

information:

1. Click Configuration > User Accounts. The User Accounts Page opens:

Figure 0-8 User Accounts Page

The User Accounts Page contains the following fields:

Field Description User Name

New Password

Access Right

Defines the user name. The user name can contain up-to 15 characters. Defines the password assigned to the user account. The password can contain up-to 15

characters.

Displays the user access level. The possible field values are:

Admin — Assigns the user full administrative access through both the Web Interface and

the CLI.

Operator — Assigns the user operator-level access, which is similar to Admin access

except that the operator cannot update the firmware, startup configuration, user accounts,

or restore factory reset. User — Assigns the user read-only access through both the Web Interface and the CLI.

The Following limitations appear on the Web Interface:

 The ‘Save’ navigation tree button does not appear and only ‘Show Stack Status’

feature appears under the ‘Tools’ button in the Web Interface.

 An ‘Access Denied’ window is displayed, if the user clicks Apply. In order to return

to the Web Interface, the user has to go back to the previous page or access a

Field Description

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

different page by using the navigation bar.

Confirm New Password

Confirms the user password.

2. Define the User Name field.

3. Select the user access level in the Access Right field.

4. Enter a new password in the New Password field and then re-enter it again in the Confirm New Password field.

5. Click

NOTE: You are not required to enter a User Name. However, if yo

. The new user accounts, passwords, and access rights are defined and the device is updated.

u do not enter a User Name,

you cannot perform the following actions:

 Create a monitor or operator (level 1 or level 14) users until an administrator user (level 15) is

defined.

 Delete the last administrator user if there are monitor and/or operator users defined.

To edit the User Accounts Page:

1. Select a nam

2. Click

on the User List.

3. Define the value.

4. Click

. The new access rights are saved, and device is updated.

To delete a User Accounts Page entry:

1. Select an en

2. Click

try.

. The user account is deleted, and the device is updated.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Managing System Logs

System Logs record and manage events and report errors and informational messages. Event messages have a unique format, as per the Syslog protocols recommended message format for all error reporting. For example, Syslog and local device reporting messages are assigned a severity code, and include a message mnemonic, which identifies the source application generating the message. Messages are filtered based on their urgency or relevancy. Each message severity determines the set of event logging devices that are sent per each event message.

1. Click Configuration > System Log Host. T

he System Log Host Page opens:

Figure 0-9 System Log Host Page

The System Log Host Page contains the following fields:

Field Description Index

Severity

Server IP Facility

UDP Port(514 or 1-65535)

2. Define the Index, Severity, Server IP, Facility, and UDP Port fields.

3. Click

Defines syslog host index, 1 out of 4

Defines the minimum severity from which warning logs are sent to the server. There are two levels. – warning (high) and informational (low):

Warning —The device is functioning, but an operational problem has occurred. Informational — Provides device information through system logs. All — Sends system logs for all levels of system logs.

Displays the IP address of the Log Server Host.

Defines an application from which system logs are sent to the remote server. Only one facility can be assigned to a single server. If a second facility level is assigned, the first facility is overridden.

Defines the UDP port to which the server logs are sent. The possible range is 1 - 65535. The default value is 514.

. The System Log Host is defined, and the device is updated.

delete a log entry:

4. Select the entry.

5. Click

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

. The entry is deleted, and the device is updated.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Configuring SNTP

The device supports the Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP). SNTP assures accurate network device clock time

synchronization up to the millisecond. Time synchronization is performed by a network SNTP server. The device operates only as an SNTP client, and cannot provide time services to other systems. The device polls Unicast type servers for the server time.

Time sources are established by stratums. Stratums define the accuracy of the reference clock. The higher stratum (where zero is the highest), the more accurate clock. The device receives time from stratum 1 and above.

The following is an example of stratums:

Stratum Example Stratum 0

A real time clock (such as a GPS system) is used as the time source.

Stratum 1

Stratum 2

Information received from SNTP servers is evaluated based on the Time level and server type. SNTP time definitions are assessed and determined by the following time levels:

Time level SNTP Time Definition T1

T2 T3 T4

A server that is directly linked to a Stratum 0 time source is used as the time source. Stratum 1 time servers provide primary network time standards

The time source is distanced from the Stratum 1 server over a network path. For example, a Stratum 2 server receives the time over a network link, via NTP, from a Stratum 1 server.

The time at which the original request was sent by the client.

The time at which the original request was received by the server.

The time at which the server sent the client a reply.

The time at which the client recived the server's reply.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Polling for Time Informati

SNTP is

The Time Settings Page allows network managers to enable and configure the SNTP time settings on the device. To enable

used to poll time information from SNTP server. Using SNTP enables accurate system clock.

SNTP:

1. Click Configuration > SNTP Settings > Time Settings. The Time Sett i ngs Page opens:

Figure 0-10 Time Settings Page

The Time Settings Page contains the following fields:

Status

Field Description Time Source

Defines the time source by which the system time is set. The possible field values are:

SNTP — Indicates that the system time is retrieved from a SNTP server. System Clock — Indicates that the system time is set locally by the device.

Current Time

Displays the current date and time.

SNTP Settings Section

Field Description SNTP First Server

Defines the IP address of primary SNTP server from which the system time is retrieved.

SNTP Second Server

Defines the IP address of secondary SNTP server from which the system time is retrieved.

SNTP Poll Interval in Seconds

Defines the interval (in seconds) at which the SNTP server is polled for Unicast information. The range is 60-86400 seconds. The Poll Interval default is 1024 seconds.

Set Current Time

Field Description Time Setting

Defines the current system date. The field format is Day/Month/Year.

Time in HH MM SS

Defines the current system time. The field format is HH:MM:SS based on the 24-hour

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Field Description

clock (Military Time) For example, 9:00PM is configured as 21:00:00.

2. Select a time source in the Time Source field.

3. Define the fields.

4. Click

. The SNTP settings are defied, and the device is updated.

Configuring Daylight Savings Time

The TimeZone Settings Page contains fields for defining system time parameters for both the local hardware clock and the

external SNTP clock. If the system time is kept using an external SNTP clock, and the external SNTP clock fails, the system time reverts to the local hardware clock. Daylight saving times can be enabled on the device.

The following is a list of daylight savings start and end times in specific countries:

 Albania — From the last weekend of March u  Australia — From the end of October until the end of March.  Australia - Tasmania — From the beginning of October until the end of March.  Armenia — From the last weekend of March un  Austria — From the last weekend of March un  Bahamas — From April to October, in conjunction with  Belarus — From the last weekend of March un  Belgium — From the last weekend of March un  Brazil — From the third Sunday in October until the third Saturday in March. Clocks go forward one hour in most

areas of

 Chile —Easter Island: from March 9 until October 12. The rest of th

after March 9.

 China — China does not use daylight saving time.  Canada — From the first Sunday in April until the last Sunday of October. Daylight saving times are usually

regulated

 Cuba — From the last Sunday of March to the last Sunday of October.  Cyprus — From the last weekend of March un  Denmark — From the last weekend of March until the last weekend of October.  Egypt — From the last Friday in April until the last Thursday in September.  Estonia — From the last weekend of March un  Finland — From the last weekend of March un  France — From the last weekend of March un  Germany — From the last weekend of March until the last weekend of October.  Greece — From the last weekend of March un  Hungary — From the last weekend of March un  India — India does not use daylight saving time.  Iran — From Farvardin 1 until Mehr 1.  Iraq — From April 1 until October 1.  Ireland — From the last weekend of March un  Israel — Varies year-to-year.  Italy — From the last weekend of March until the last weekend of October.  Japan — Japan does not use daylight saving time.  Jordan — From the last weekend of March un  Latvia — From the last weekend of March until the last weekend of October.  Lebanon — From the last weekend of March until the last weekend of October.

southeast Brazil for daylight savings.

by provincial and territorial governments. Exceptions may exist in certain municipalities.

til the last weekend of October.

daylight savings in the United States.

til the last weekend of October.

e country, from the first Sunday in March, or

til the last weekend of October.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

 Lithuania — From the last weekend of March until the last weekend of October.  Luxembourg — From the last weekend of March until the last weekend of October.  Macedonia — From the last weekend of March until the last weekend of October.  Mexico — From the first Sunday in April at 02:00 to the last Sunday in October at 02:00.

 Moldova — From the last weekend of March u

til the last weekend of October.

 Montenegro — From the last weekend of March until the last weekend of October.  Netherlands — From the last weekend of March until the last weekend of October.  New Zealand — From the first Sunday in October until the first Sunday on or after March 15.  Norway — From the last weekend of March un

til the last weekend of October.

 Paraguay — From April 6 until September 7.  Poland — From the last weekend of March un  Portugal — From the last weekend of March un

til the last weekend of October.

 Romania — From the last weekend of March until the last weekend of October.  Russia — From the last weekend of March un

til the last weekend of October.

 Serbia — From the last weekend of March until the last weekend of October.  Slovak Republic - From the last weekend of March until the last weekend of October.  South Africa — South Africa does not use daylight saving time.  Spain — From the last weekend of March until the last weekend of October.  Sweden — From the last weekend of March un

til the last weekend of October.

 Switzerland — From the last weekend of March until the last weekend of October.  Syria — From March 31 until October 30.  Taiwan — Taiwan does not use daylight saving time.  Turkey — From the last weekend of March un

til the last weekend of October.

 United Kingdom — From the last weekend of March until the last weekend of October.  United States of America — From the second Sunday in March at 02:00 to the first Sunday in November at

02:00

To configure the system time:

 Click Configuration > SNTP Settings > TimeZone Settings. Th

e TimeZone Settings Page opens:

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Figure 0-11 TimeZone Settings Page

The TimeZone Settings Page contains the following fields:

Field Description Daylight Savings Time State

Defines type of DST enabled on the device. The possible field values are:

Disable — Disables DST on the device. This is the default values.

Repeating — Enables setting repeating DST. This option requires defining begin and end times by specific date and hour.

Annual — Enables setting annual DST. This option requires defining begin and end times by the specific dates.

Daylight Saving Time Offset in Minutes

Defines the local DST offset in minutes. The default time is 60 minutes. The possible field values are:

30 — Defines the local offset for 30 minutes.

60 — Defines the local offset for 60 minutes.

90 — Defines the local offset for 90 minutes.

120 — Defines the local offset for 120 minutes.

Time Zone Offset:from GMT

Indicates the difference between Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) and local time.

For example, the Time Zone Offset for Paris is GMT +1, while the Time Zone Offset for New York is GMT –5.

DST Repeating Settings Sections

The Repeating Mode enables setting repeating DST. This option requires defining begin and end times by specific day and

hour. For example, the network administrator defines that DST begins the second Saturday during April and ends on the last Sunday in October.

Field Description

Field Description From Which Week of

the Month

Defines which numeric week of the month DST begins. The possible field values are:

First — Indicates the first week of a month. Second — Indicates the second week of a month. Third — Indicates the third week of a month. Fourth — Indicates the fourth week of a month.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

From Day of Week From Month From time in HH MM

Defines the week day DST starts. The field range is Sunday–Saturday.

Defines the month DST starts. The field range is January–December.

Defines the time of day DST starts. The field format is Hour:Minutes based on the 24-hour clock (Military Time). For example, 9:00PM is configured as 21:00.

To Which Week of the Month

Defines which numeric week of the month DST ends. The possible field values are:

First — Indicates the first week of a month. Second — Indicates the second week of a month. Third — Indicates the third week of a month. Fourth — Indicates the fourth week of a month.

To Day of Week To Month To time in HH MM

Defines the week day DST ends. The field range is Sunday–Saturday.

Defines the month DST ends. The field range is January–December.

Defines the time of day DST ends. The field format is Hour:Minutes based on the 24-hour clock (Military Time). For example, 9:00PM is configured as 21:00.

DST Annual Settings Section

The Annual Mode enables setting a DST seasonal time adjustment. This option requires defining begin and end times by the

specific dates. For example, the network administrator defines that DST begins April 3 and ends October 14.

Field Description From:Month

From:Day

Defines the month of the year that DST starts. The field options are January-December.

Defines the date on which DST starts. The field options are 1-31.

From:Time

Defines the time at which DST starts. The field format is HH:MM based on the 24-hour clock (Military Time) For example, 9:00PM is configured as 21:00.

To:Month To:Day To:Time

Defines the month of the year in which DST ends. The field options are January-December.

Defines the date on which DST ends. The field options are 1-31.

Defines the time at which DST ends. The field format is HH:MM based on the 24-hour clock (Military Time) For example, 9:00PM is configured as 21:00.

1. Select a daylight savings time source in the Daylight Saving Time State field.

2. Define the fields.

3. Click

. Daylight Savings Time is configured, and the device is updated.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Configuring SNMP

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) provides a method for managing network devices. The device supports the

following SNMP versions:

 SNMP version 1  SNMP version 2c  SNMP version 3

SNMP v1 and v2c

The SNMP agents maintain a list of variables used to manage the device. The variables are defined in the Management Information Base (MIB). The SNMP agent defines the MIB specification format, as well as the format used to access the

information over the network. Access rights to the SNMP agents are controlled by access strings.

SNMP v3

SNMP v3 applies access control and a new traps mechanism. In addition, User Security Model (USM) parameters are

defined for SNMPv3, including:

Parameters Description Authentication

Provides data integrity and data origin authentication.

Privacy

Key Management

The device supports SNMP notification filters based on Object IDs (OIDs). OIDs are used by the system to manage device

features.

SNMP v3 supports the following features:

 Security  Feature Access Control  Traps

The system comes up with SNMP disabled. The following communities are defined by default:

 PRIVATE: Read/write community  PUBLIC: Read only community

The user cannot connect through an NMS application without enabling the SNMP service.

Prevents message content disclosure. Cipher Block-Chaining (CBC) is used for encryption.

Either authentication is enabled on a SNMP message, or both authentication and privacy are enabled on an SNMP message. However, privacy cannot be enabled without authentication.

Defines key generation, key updates, and key use.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Defining SNMP Settings

You can globally enable or disable SNMP in the SNMP Global Settings Page.

1. Click Configuration > SNMP Settings > SNMP Global Settings. The SNMP Global Settings Page opens:

Figure 0-12 SNMP Global Settings Page

2. Select either Enabled or Disabled to enable/disable SNMP.

3. Click 

. The SNMP is enabled.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Defining SNMP Views

SNMP views provide or block access to device features or aspects of features. For example, a view can be defined to show

that SNMP view A has included access to Multicast groups, while SNMP view B has excluded access to Multicast groups.

Feature access is granted via the MIB name or MIB Object ID.

1. Click Configuration > SNMP Settings > SNMP View Table. The SNMP View Table Page opens:

Figure 0-13 SNMP View Table Page

The SNMP View Table Page contains the following fields:

Field Description View Name

Subtree OID View Type

2. Define the View Name, Subtree OID and View Type fields.

3. Click

To delete a view from the SNMP View Table Page:

4. Select an en

5. Click

Defines the view name (limited to 30 alphanumeric characters).

Defines the OID included in, or excluded from, the selected SNMP view.

Defines whether the defined OID branch will be included in, or excluded from, the selected SNMP view.

. The SNMP View Table is defined, and the device is updated.

try on the list.

. The entry is deleted, and the device is updated.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Defining SNMP Groups

The SNMP Group Table Page provides information for creating SNMP groups and assigning SNMP access control

privileges to SNMP groups. Groups enable network managers to assign access rights to specific device features or feature aspects. To define SNMP groups:

1. Click Configuration > SNMP Settings > SNMP Group Table. The SNMP Group Table Page open

Figure 0-13 SNMP Group Table Page

The SNMP Group Table Page contains the following fields:

Field Description Group Name

Read View Name

Write View Name

Defines the user-defined group name to which access control rules are applied (limited to 30 alphanumeric characters).

Defines a Read Only view. The Read Only view management access is restricted to read-only, and changes cannot be made to the assigned SNMP view. The possible values are:

Community/View TestReadView PWriteView PrivateView

Defines a Write view. The Management view access is read/write, and changes can be made to the assigned SNMP view. The possible values are:

Community/View TestReadView PWriteView PrivateView

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Field Description Notify View Name

Defines a Notify view. The Notify view sends traps for the assigned SNMP view. This is applicable for SNMPv3 only. The possible values are:

Community/View TestReadView PWriteView PrivateView

Security Model

Defines the SNMP version attached to the group. The possible field values are:

SNMPv1 — Defines SNMPv1 as the security model for the group. SNMPv2 — Defines SNMPv2 as the security model for the group. SNMPv3 — Defines SNMPv3 as the security model for the group.

Security Level

Defines the security level attached to the group. Security levels apply to SNMPv3 only. The possible field values are:

NoAuthNoPriv — Defines that neither the Authentication nor the Privacy security levels are

assigned to the group.

AuthNoPriv — Authenticates SNMP messages, and ensures that the SNMP message’s origin

is authenticated.

AuthPriv — Encrypts SNMP messages.

2. Define the Group Name, Read View Name, Write View Name, and Notify View Name fields.

3. Select a security model from the Security Model list.

4. Click

. The SNMP groups are defined, and the device is updated.

To delete a Group Name from the SNMP Group Table Page List:

5. Select a Group N

6. Click

ame.

. The Group Name is deleted, and the device is updated.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Defining SNMP Users

The SNMP User Table Page enables assigning system users to SNMP groups and defining the user authentication method.

To assign system users:

1. Click Configuration > SNMP Settings >SNMP User Table. The SNMP User Table Page opens:

Figure 0-145 SNMP User Table Page

The SNMP User Table Page contains the following fields:

Field Description User Name

Group Name SNMP V3 Encryption

Auth-Protocol by Password

Password Confirm Password

Defines the SNMP user name included in the SNMP user group.

Defines the SNMP group and assigned to a user.

Defines the SNMPv3 user authentication method. The possible field values are:

None —No user authentication is used. Password — Provides user authentication via the HMAC-SHA-96 authentication

level password or HMAC-MD5-96 password.

Key — Provides user authentication via the HMAC-MD5 algorithm or the HMAC-

SHA-96 authentication level.

Selects the authentication password type used to authenticate users. The possible field values are:

MD5 — Defines that HMAC-MD5-96 password is used for authentication. SHA — Defines that HMAC-SHA-96 authentication level password is used for

authentication.

Defines the password used for authentication. (1-32 digits).

Confirms the password used for authentication. (1-32 digits).

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Field Description Auth-Protocol by Key

Selects the authentication key type used to authenticate users. The possible field values are:

MD5 — Defines that users are authenticated via a HMAC-MD5 algorithm key. SHA — Defines that users are authenticated via a HMAC-SHA-96 authentication

level key.

Key

Defines the authentication key for authentication (MD5 – 32 or 64 digits), (SHA – 40 or 70 digits).

Confirm Key

Confirms the authentication key for authentication.

2. Define the User Name, Group Name, and SNMP V3 Encryption fields.

3. Define the authentication password or authentication key.

4. Click

. The SNMP authentication method is defined, and the device is updated.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Defining SNMP Communities

Access rights are managed by defining communities, using the 16 SNMP Community Table Page. When the community

names are changed, access rights are also changed. SNMP communities are defined only for SNMP v1 and SNMP v2c. To define SNMP communities:

1. Click Configuration > SNMP Settings > SNMP Community Tabl e. The 16 SNMP Community Table Page

ns:

ope

Figure 0-16 SNMP Community Table Page

The 16 SNMP Community Table Page contains the following fields:

Field Description Community Name

View Name

Access Rights

2. Define the Community Name, and View Name, Access Right fields.

3. Click

To delete a 16 SNMP Community Table Page List entry:

1. Select a Community Name.

Click

Defines advanced SNMP community name (limited to 20 alphanumeric characters).

Defines the group of MIB objects that a remote SNMP manager is allowed to access on the switch.

Defines the access rights of the community. The possible field values are:

Read Only — Management access is restricted to read only, and changes cannot be made to

the community.

Read Write — Management access is read/write and changes can be made to the device

configuration, but not to the community.

. The SNMP Community Table is defined, and the device is updated.

. The entry is deleted, and the device is updated.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Defining SNMP Host Table

The SNMP Host Table Page contains information for defining filters that determine whether traps are sent to specific host,

as well as the trap type sent.

To define the SNMP Host Table Page:

1. Click Confi

guration > SNMP Settings > SNMP Host Table. The SNMP Host Table Page opens:

Figure 0-17 SNMP Host Table Page

The SNMP Host Table Page contains the following fields:

Field Description Host IP Address

Defines the IP address to which the traps are sent.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

SNMP Version

Defines the trap type. The possible field values are:

SNMPV1 — Indicates that SNMP Version 1 traps are sent. SNMPV2c —Indicates that SNMP Version 2 traps are sent. SNMPV3-NoAuth-NoPriv — Indicates that the SNMP version 3 is

assigned with a NoAuth-NoPriv security level and traps of that level will be sent

SNMPV3-Auth-NoPriv — Indicates that the SNMP version 3 is

assigned with an Auth-NoPriv security level and traps of that level will be sent

SNMPV3-Auth-Priv — Indicates that the SNMP version 3 is assigned

with an Auth-Priv security level and traps of that level will be sent

Community String / SNMPv3 User Name

Defines the community string or assigned to the SNMP V3 user.

2. Define the Host IP Address field.

3. Select the trap type in the SNMP Version field.

4. Define the Community String / SNMPv3 User Name field.

5. Click

. The SNMP Host Table is defined, and the device is updated.

To delete a SNMP Host Table Page List entry:

1. Select an en

2. Click

try.

. The entry is deleted, and the device is updated.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Defining SNMP Engine ID

The Engine ID is a unique identifier used for SNMP V3 implementations. This is an alphanumeric string used to identify the SNMP engine on the switch. To define the SNMP Engine ID:

1. Click Configuration > SNMP Settings > SNMP Engine ID. The SNMP Engine ID Page opens:

Figure 0-18 SNMP Engine ID Page

The SNMP Engine ID Page contains the following fields:

Field Description Engine ID

Use Default

2. Define the Engine ID or Use Default checkbox.

3. Click

Defines the local device Engine ID. The field value is a hexadecimal string. Each byte in hexadecimal character strings is two hexadecimal digits. Each byte can be separated by a period or a colon. The Engine ID must be defined before SNMPv3 is enabled. Select a default Engine ID that is comprised of an Enterprise number and the default MAC address.

When selected, provides the device-generated Engine ID. The default Engine ID is based on the device MAC address and is defined per standard as:

First 4 octets — first bit = 1, the rest is IANA Enterprise number. Fifth octet — Set to 3 to indicate the MAC address that follows. Last 6 octets — MAC address of the device.

. The SNMP Engine ID is defined, and the device is updated.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Enabling SNMP Traps

The SNMP Configuration Trap Page contains parameters for defining SNMP notification parameters. To enable SNMP

notifications: To enable SNMP Traps:

1. Click Configuration > SNMP Settings > SNMP Trap Configuratio n. The SNMP Configuration Trap Page

opens:

Figure 0-19 SNMP Configuration Trap Page

The SNMP Configuration Trap Page contains the following fields:

Field Description SNMP Traps

SNMP Authentication Traps

2. Define the SNMP Traps and SNMP Authentication Traps fields.

Click

Specifies whether the device can send SNMP notifications. The possible field values are:

Enable — Enables SNMP notifications. This is the default value. Disable — Disables SNMP notifications.

Specifies whether the device can send traps upon authentication failure notification.

Enable — Enables the device to send authentication failure notifications. This is the default

value.

Disable — Disables the device from sending authentication failure notifications.

. The SNMP trap status is modified, and the device is updated.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

DHCP Relay

The DHCP Relay Page allows the user to enable DHCP relay and define DHCP relay servers on the device.

The Relay agent information option known as Option 82 is part of the DHCP protocol and allows a DHCP relay agent to send additional client information upon requesting an IP address. A DHCP relay agent detects DHCP broadcasts from DHCP clients and relays those broadcasts to DHCP servers on different subnets.

In addition, when client ingress VLAN information differs from the VLAN on which DHCP servers are connected, Option 82 information is added to the packets relayed to DHCP server. Option 82 specifies the relaying switch’s MAC address, the port identifier, and specifies the VLAN forwarding the packet.

To define DHCP Relay Server Information:

1. Click C

nfiguration > DHCP Re lay. The DHCP Relay Page opens:

Figure 0-20 DHCP Relay Page

The DHCP Relay Page contains the following fields:

Field Description DHCP Relay Status

Server IP Address Server IP

2. Select Enabled to enable DHCP Relay. Disabled is the default.

Click

Specifies whether the DHCP is enabled on the device. The possible field values are:

 Enabled — Enables DHCP Relay on the device.  Disa

Defines the DHCP relay server’s IP address

Display the list of user-defined DHCP Relay servers.

. The DHCP Relay servers are defined, and the device is updated.

bled — Disables DHCP Relay on the device. Th

is is the default value.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

DHCP Local Relay

The DHCP Local Relay Page allows the user to configure DHCP Local Relay. This is done by enabling the DHCP Local

Relay feature.

Requests

 DHCP broadcasts are trapped by the switch CPU, and replacement broadcasts are forwarded with Option 82.

Replies from the DHCP servers are trapped by the switch CPU, the Option 82 is removed and the reply is sent to the DHCP Client.

To define DHCP Local Relay Server Information:

1. Click Co

nfiguration > DHCP Local Relay. The DHCP Relay Page opens:

Figure 0-15 DHCP Local Relay Page

The DHCP Relay Page contains the following fields:

Field Description DHCP Local Relay

Status

VID List VLAN Name State

DHCP Local Relay VID List

2. Select Enabled to enable DHCP Relay on the device.

3. Click the upper

4. Select a VLAN on which DHCP Local Relay is to be activated.

Specifies whether DHCP Local Relay is enabled on the device. The possible field values are:

 Enabled — Enables DHCP Local Relay on the device.  Disa

Specifies on which VLAN DHCP Local Relay is enabled.

Displays the name of the selected VLAN.

Specifies whether DHCP Local Relay is enabled on the VLAN. The possible field values are:

 Enabled — Enables DHCP Local Relay on the VLAN.  Disa

Displays the list of VLANs on which DHCP Local Relay has been defined

bled — Di

. The DHCP Local Relay feature is activated, and the device is updated.

sables DHCP Local Relay on the device. This is the default value.

sables DHCP Local Relay on the VLAN. This is the default value.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

5. Click . DHCP Local Relay is defined on the selected VLAN and it is displayed in the DHCP Local

Relay VID List.

6. Repeat steps 4 and 5 for all required VLANs.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

DHCP Auto Configuration

In the DHCP Auto Configuration Page, users can enable or disable automatic download of the latest image and configuration files from the DHCP server. During reboot, if DHCP Auto Configuration is enabled, the device polls the TFTP Server. From the DHCP server, the device receives the following, if necessary:

 IP address – The device will receive IP from the DHCP server regardless of current IP configuration (whether

static or dynamic). If the device already has a DHCP-defined IP address, it will retain the current address. If Static IP is present in the configuration file, it will be ignored.

 Image file – If an updated image file is available on the network, and the DHCP server’s latest instruction file

refers to it, the device downloads the image file.

 Configuration file – If an updated configuration file is available on the network, and the DHCP server’s latest

instruction file refers to it, the device downloads the file as its new Running Configuration, and also saves it as the Startup Configuration. If Static IP is present in the configuration file, it will be ignored.

To enable DHCP Auto Configuration:

1. Click Configuration > DHCP Auto Configuration. The DHCP Auto Configuration Page opens:

Figure 0-22 DHCP Auto Configuration Page

The DHCP Auto Configuration Page contains the following fields:

Field Description DHCP Auto

Configuration

2. Select Enabled to turn on DHCP Auto configuration or Disabled to turn it off. Disabled is the default.

3. Click

Specifies whether the device gets an updated image file, and updated configuration file through the DHCP Server whenever the device reboots. The DHCP server maintains the TFTP Server IP address, where the files are saved. The possible field values are:

 Enabled — E  Disabled — Disable

value.

. The DHCP automatic configuration update is modified, and the device is updated.

nables autom

atic updates from the DHCP server.

s automatic updates from the DHCP server. This is the default

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Dual Image Services

The device contains two software images in its flash memory, one is for reboot and the other one is for backup. When a software download is successfully completed, the new image automatically becomes the new reboot file, unless the user manually configures the other file to be active. In a stacked system, the user can define the active image file for every unit in the stack.

When the user is downloading a new image, it will always be downloaded to the location of the second image. It means that if image1 is the currently running image, the new firmware will be always downloaded as image2, nothing else will happened untill the next reboot. By default, the newly downloaded image will be marked as the next image which will run after the reboot. However, the user can identify the next image which will run after reboot by viewing the page: ‘Dual Image Services/Firmware Information’ and change the next image that will run after reboot if user config the page: ‘Dual Image Services/Config Firmware Image’.

This feature includes two screens:

 Firmware InformationConfig Firmware Image

Firmware Information

The device contains two software images in its flash memory, one is for bootup and the other one is for backup. When a software download is successfully completed, the new image automatically becomes the active image after the reboot. The user can also manually configure the other file to be the bootup image instead. In a stacked system, the user can define the bootup image file for every unit in the stack.

When the user is downloading a new image, it will always be downloaded to the location of the non-active image. It means that if image1 is the currently active image, the new firmware will be always downloaded as image2.

The user can also delete an image, however only the non-active image can be deleted.

The Firmware Information Page contains information about the image files stored for the

system, for all devices in the stack. To view the list of device images:

 Click Configuration > Dual Image Services > Firmware Information. The Firmware Information Page opens:

vice, or in case of a stacked

Figure 0-23 Firmware Information Page

The Firmware Information Page contains the following fields:

Field Description Unit

Displays the stacking member for which the firmware image information is displayed.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Image

Version Update Time Set Boot Delete

Each device has two image files, one for reboot and one for backup. Upon software upgrade download, the downloaded image file is designated for reboot, although users can modify this in the Config Firmware Image page.

An “*” indicates that this image file is used for reboot.

Displays the image file’s version number.

Displays the time and date which the software was saved to the server.

Selects the image to be become the active image at the next bootup.

Deletes the selected image. The image is deleted immediately.

Config Firmware Image

The Config Firmware Image Page allows users to change each device’s image file. To change the reboot file:

1. Click Configuration > Dual Image Services > Config Firmware Image. The Config Firmware Image Page

opens:

Figure 0-24 Config Firmware Image Page

The Config Firmware Image Page contains the following fields:

Field Description Unit

Image

2. Select the Unit and choose its reboot Image file.

3. Click

Defines the stacking member for which the reboot image file is defined.

Defines the image file used for reboot. The possible values are:

 1 – Image-1 is the latest downloaded image file.  2 – Image-2 is the previously downloaded image file.

. The device will use the defined image file to reboot next time.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Telnet Setting

The Telnet Setting allows users to enable or disable Telnet on the device. To enable or disable Telnet:

1. Click Configuration > Telnet Setting. The Telnet Setting opens:

Figure 0-25 Telnet Setting Page

The Telnet Setting contains the following fields:

Field Description Telnet Setting

Display Information Logs

2. Select the Telnet Setting.

3. Click

Defines the Telnet status on the device. The possible values are:

 Enabled – Enables Telnet.  Disabled – Disables Telnet.

Defines the Telnet logging on the device. The possible values are:

 Enabled – Enables all Telnet logging messages to be displayed.  Disabled – Disables Telnet logging so that only high severity messages are displayed.

If this is selected, logging on SSH and console sessions is also disabled.

. The Telnet setting on the device is updated.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Defining Time Ranges

Time ranges may be used to define time-based ACLs and to configure time ranges for PoE port

settings. The Time Range Setting Page defines a time range. To define a time range:

1. Click Confi

guration > Time Range Setting. The Time Range Setting Page opens:

Figure 2-166 Time Range Setting Page

The Time Range Setting Page contains the following fields:

Field Description Range Name

Start Time (HH:MM)

End Time (HH:MM)

Weekdays Select All Days

2. Define the Range Name, Start Time and End Time fields.

3. To define the applicable days, check the specific Weekdays or check Select All Days.

4. Click

To delete a Time Range entry:

1. Select the entry.

2. Click

Defines the Time Range Name. Up to 32 time ranges can be defined.

Specifies the time at which the time-based feature is enabled. The field format is HH:MM. The possible field values are:

 HH: 00 – 23 (hours, in military format)  MM: 00 – 59 (minutes)

Specifies the time at which the time-based feature is disabled. The field format is HH:MM. The possible field values are:

 HH: 00 – 23 (hours, in military format)  MM: 00 – 59 (minutes)

Specifies the weekdays for which the time range applies.

Specifies that the time range is applied daily.

. The Time Range is defined.

. A confirmation window is displayed .

3. Click

To view or modify Time Range settings:

. The entry is deleted.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

1. Click

. The Time Range Edit Page Time Range Edit Page opens:

Figure 2-177 Time Range Edit Page

2. Define the Time Range Edit fields.

3. Click

. The time range is modified, and the device is updated

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Serial Port Settings

The Serial Port Settings enables users to configure access to the device via a serial port.

To configure serial port access:

1. Click Configuration > Serial Port Settings. The Serial Port Settings Page opens:

Figure 0-188 Serial Port Settings Page

The Serial Port Page contains the following fields:

Field Description Baud Rate

Auto Logout

2. Select the appropriate values.

3. Click

Defines the Baud Rate on the device. The possible values are:

 2400  4800  9600  19200  38400

Defines the allowable inactivity length before the device automatically logs out. The possible values are:

 Never  2 min  5 min  10 min  15 min

. The Serial Port Settings on the device are updated.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

CONFIGURING L2 FEATURES

This section contains information for enabling and configuring L2 Features. This section contains the following topics:

 Enabling Jumbo Frames  Configuring VLANs  Configuring GVRP  Defining Trunking  Traffic Segmentation  Configuring LACP  Defining IGMP Snooping  Defining MLD Snooping  Configuring Port Mirroring  Configuring Spanning Tree  Defining Forwarding and Filtering  Conf  Configuring Voice VLAN 

iguring LLDP

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Enabling Jumbo Frames

Jumbo Frame support is designed to enhance Ethernet networking throughput and significantly reduce the CPU utilization of large file transfers like large multimedia files or large data files by enabling more efficient larger payloads per packet.

The Jumbo Frame Page al

Click L2 Features > Jumbo Frame. The Jumbo Frame Page opens:

lows network managers to enable Jumbo Frames on the device.

Figure 0–1 Jumbo Frame Page

The Jumbo Frame Page contains the following field:

Field Description Jumbo Frame

2. Select Enable in the Jumbo Frames field. Jumbo Frames are enabled only after the configuration is saved and the

device is rebooted.

3. Click

Defines whether Jumbo Frames are enabled on the device. The possible field values are:

Enabled — Enables Jumbo Frames on the device. Disabled — Disables Jumbo Frames on the device. This is the default value.

. Jumbo Frames are enabled after the device is reset.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Configuring VLANs

Understanding IEEE 802.1p Priority

Priority tagging is an IEEE 802.1p defined standard function designed to provide a means of managing traffic on networks where many different types of data are transmitted simultaneously. It is intended to alleviate problems associated with the delivery of time-critical data over congested networks. The quality of applications dependent on such data, such as video conferencing, can be severely and adversely affected by even very small delays in transmission.

IEEE 802.1p standard-compliant network devices recognize the priority level of data packets and can assign priority labels or tags to packets, as well as strip priority tags from packets. The priority tag determines the packet's degree of expeditiousness and the queue to which it is assigned.

Priority tags are assigned values from 0 to 7, with 0 being assigned to the lowest priority data, and 7 to the highest. Generally, tag 7 is used for data associated with video or audio applications, sensitive to even slight delays, or for data from specified end users whose data transmissions warrant special consideration.

The switch enables increased definition for handling priority tagged data packets on the network. Using queues to manage priority tagged data enables user-specification for the data’s relative priority to suit the needs of the network. Circumstances can arise where it is advantageous to group two or more differently tagged packets into the same queue. Generally, however, it is recommended that the highest priority queue, Queue 3, be reserved for data packets with a priority value of 7.

A weighted round robin system is employed on the switch to determine the rate at which the queues are emptied of packets. The ratio used for clearing the queues is 8:1. This means that the highest priority queue, Queue 3, clears eight packets for every one packet cleared from Queue 0.

It is important that the priority queue settings on the switch are for all ports, and all devices connected to the switch are affected. The priority queuing system is especially beneficial for networks that employ priority tag assignment capable switches.

VLAN Description

A Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) is a network topology configured according to a logical scheme rather than the physical layout. VLANs can be used to combine any collection of LAN segments into an autonomous user group that appears as a single LAN. VLANs also logically segment the network into different broadcast domains so that packets are forwarded only between ports within the VLAN. Typically, a VLAN corresponds to a particular subnet, although not necessarily.

VLANs can enhance performance by conserving bandwidth, and improve security by limiting traffic to specific domains.

A VLAN is a collection of end nodes grouped by logic instead of physical location. End nodes that frequently communicate with each other are assigned to the same VLAN, regardless of where they are physically on the network. Logically, a VLAN can be equated to a broadcast domain, because broadcast packets are forwarded to only members of the VLAN on which the broadcast was initiated.

Notes about VLANs on the DGS-3100 Series

No matter what basis is used to uniquely identify end nodes and assign these nodes VLAN membership, packets cannot cross VLANs without a network device performing a routing function between the VLANs.

The DGS-3100 series supports IEEE 802.1Q VLANs. The port untagging function can be used to remove the 802.1Q tag from packet headers to maintain compatibility with devices that are tag-unaware.

The switch's default is to assign all ports to a single 802.1Q VLAN named ‘default.’

The ‘default’ VLAN has a VID = 1.

IEEE 802.1Q VLANs

Some relevant terms:

Term Description Tagging

The act of putting 802.1Q VLAN information into the header of a packet.

Term Description Untagging

The act of stripping 802.1Q VLAN information out of the packet header.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Ingress port

A port on a switch where packets are flowing into the switch and VLAN decisions must be made.

Egress port

A port on a switch where packets are flowing out of the switch, either to another switch or to an end station, and tagging decisions must be made.

IEEE 802.1Q (tagged) VLANs are implemented on the switch. 802.1Q VLANs require tagging, which enables them to span the entire network (assuming all switches on the network are IEEE 802.1Q-compliant).

VLANs allow a network to be segmented in order to reduce the size of broadcast domains. All packets entering a VLAN are only forwarded to the stations (over IEEE 802.1Q enabled switches) that are members of that VLAN, and this includes broadcast, multicast and unicast packets from unknown sources.

VLANs can also provide a level of security to a network. IEEE 802.1Q VLANs only deliver packets between stations that are members of the VLAN.

Any port can be configured as either tagged or untagged. The untagging feature of IEEE 802.1Q VLANs allows VLANs to work with legacy switches that don't recognize VLAN tags in packet headers. The tagging feature allows VLANs to span multiple 802.1Q-compliant switches through a single physical connection and allows Spanning Tree to be enabled on all ports and work normally.

The IEEE 802.1Q standard restricts the forwarding of untagged packets to the VLAN in which the receiving port is a member.

The main characteristics of IEEE 802.1Q are as follows:

 Assigns packets to VLANs by filtering.  Assumes the presence of a single global spanning tree.  Uses an explicit tagging scheme with one-level tagging.  802.1Q VLAN Packet Forwarding

Packet forwarding decisions are made based upon the following three types of rules:

 Ingress rules - rules relevant to the classification of received packets belonging to a VLAN.  Forwarding rules between ports - decides whether to filter or forward the packet.  Egress rules - determines if the packet must be sent tagged or untagged.

Figure 0–2 IEEE 802.1Q Packet Forwarding

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

802.1Q VLAN Tags

The figure below shows the 802.1Q VLAN tag. There are four additional octets inserted after the source MAC address. Their presence is indicated by a value of 0x8100 in the EtherType field. When a packet's EtherType field is equal to 0x8100, the packet carries the IEEE 802.1Q/802.1p tag. The tag is contained in the following two octets and consists of 3 bits of user priority, 1 bit of Canonical Format Identifier (CFI - used for encapsulating token ring packets so they can be carried across Ethernet backbones), and 12 bits of VLAN ID (VID). The 3 bits of user priority are used by 802.1p. The VID is the VLAN identifier and is used by the 802.1Q standard. Because the VID is 12 bits long, 4094 unique VLANs can be identified.

The tag is inserted into the packet header making the entire packet longer by 4 octets. All of the information originally contained in the packet is retained.

Figure 0–3 IEEE 802.1Q Tag

The EtherType and VLAN ID are inserted after the MAC source address, but before the original EtherType/Length or Logical Link Control. Due to the packet now being a bit longer than it was originally, the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) must be recalculated.

Figure 0–4 Adding an IEEE 802.1Q Tag

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Port VLAN ID

Tagged packets (carrying the 802.1Q VID information) can be transmitted from one 802.1Q compliant network device to another with the VLAN information intact. This allows 802.1Q VLANs to span network devices (and the entire network, providing all network devices are 802.1Q compliant).

Not all network devices are 802.1Q compliant. Such devices are referred to as tag-unaware. 802.1Q devices are referred to as tag-aware.

Prior to the adoption of 802.1Q VLANs, port-based and MAC-based VLANs were in common use. These VLANs relied upon a Port VLAN ID (PVID) to forward packets. A packet received on a given port would be assigned that port's PVID and then be forwarded to the port that corresponds to the packet's destination address (found in the switch's forwarding table). If the PVID of the port receiving the packet is different from the PVID of the port that is to transmit the packet, the switch drops the packet.

Within the switch, different PVIDs mean different VLANs (remember that two VLANs cannot communicate without an external router). So, VLAN identification based upon the PVIDs cannot create VLANs that extend outside a given switch (or switch stack).

Every physical port on a switch has a PVID. 802.1Q ports are also assigned a PVID, for use within the switch. If no VLANs are defined on the switch, all ports are then assigned to a default VLAN with a PVID equal to 1. Untagged packets are assigned the PVID of the port on which they were received. Forwarding decisions are based upon this PVID, in so far as VLANs are concerned. Tagged packets are forwarded according to the VID contained within the tag. Tagged packets are also assigned a PVID, but the PVID is not used to make packet forwarding decisions, the VID is.

Tag-aware switches must keep a table to relate PVIDs within the switch to VIDs on the network. The switch compares the VID of a packet to be transmitted to the VID of the port that is to transmit the packet. If the two VIDs are different, the switch drops the packet. As a result of the existence of the PVID for untagged packets, and the VID for tagged packets, tagaware and tag-unaware network devices can coexist on the same network.

A switch port can only have one PVID, but it can have as many VIDs that the switch’s memory storage capacity has in its VLAN table, to store them.

As some devices on a network may be tag-unaware, a decision must be made at each port on a tag-aware device before packets are transmitted; Should the packet to be transmitted have a tag or not? If the transmitting port is connected to a tagunaware device, the packet should be untagged. If the transmitting port is connected to a tag-aware device, the packet should be tagged.

Tagging and Untagging

Every port on an 802.1Q compliant switch can be configured as tagged or untagged.

Tagging enabled ports put the VID number, priority, and other VLAN information into the header of all packets that flow into and out of it. If a packet has previously been tagged, the port does not alter the packet, thus keeping the VLAN information intact. The VLAN information in the tag is then used by other 802.1Q compliant devices on the network to make packet-forwarding decisions.

Ports with untagging enabled strip the 802.1Q tag from all packets flowing into and out of those ports. If the packet doesn't have an 802.1Q VLAN tag, the port does not alter the packet. As a result, all packets received by and forwarded by an untagging port have no 802.1Q VLAN information (as the PVID is only used internally within the switch). Untagging is used to send packets from an 802.1Q-compliant network device to a non-compliant network device.

Ingress Filtering

A port on a switch where packets are flowing into the switch, and VLAN decisions must be made, is referred to as an ingress port. If ingress filtering is enabled for a port, the switch examines the VLAN information in the packet header (if present) and decides whether or not to forward the packet.

If the packet is tagged with VLAN information, the ingress port first determines if the ingress port itself is a member of the tagged VLAN. If it is not, the packet is dropped. If the ingress port is a member of the 802.1Q VLAN, the switch determines if the destination port is a member of the 802.1Q VLAN. If it is not, the packet is dropped. If the destination port is a member of the 802.1Q VLAN, the packet is forwarded and the destination port transmits it to its attached network segment.

If the packet is not tagged with VLAN information, the ingress port tags the packet with its own PVID as a VID (if the port is a tagging port). The switch then determines if the destination port is a member of the same VLAN (has the same VID) as

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

the ingress transmits it on its attached network segment.

This process is referred to as ingress filtering, and is used to conserve bandwidth within the switch, by dropping packets that are not on the same VLAN as the ingress port at the point of reception. This eliminates the subsequent processing of packets that is just dropped by the destination port.

port. If it does not, the packet is dropped. If it has the same VID, the packet is forwarded and the destination port

Default VLANs

The switch initially configures one VLAN, VID = 1, called ‘default.’ The factory default setting assigns all ports on the switch to the ‘default.’

Ports can be removed from the default VLAN by either setting the port on the default VLAN as a non-member, or if the port is configured as Untagged on another VLAN.

Packets cannot cross VLANs. If a member of one VLAN wants to connect to another VLAN, the link must be through an external router.

NOTE: If no VLANs are configured on the switch, then all packets are forwarded to any destination port. Packets with unknown source addresses are flooded to all ports. Broadcast and multicast packets are also flooded to all ports.

An example is presented in this table:

VLAN Name VID Switch Ports

System (default) 1 5, 6, 7, 8, 21, 22, 23, 24

Engineering 2 9, 10, 11, 12

Marketing 3 13, 14, 15, 16

Finance 4 17, 18, 19, 20

Sales 5 1, 2, 3, 4

Table 0-1 VLAN Example - Assigned Ports

VLAN and Trunk Groups

Trunk Groups (LAGs) can be added as member to a VLAN (similar to ports).

The members of a trunk group have the same VLAN setting. Any VLAN setting on trunk group members applies to the other member ports.

NOTE: In order to use VLAN segmentation in conjunction with port trunk groups, the port trunk group(s) can first be set, and then the VLAN settings may be configured. Changing the port trunk grouping with VLANs already in place doesn’t require reconfiguration of the VLAN settings after changing the port trunk group settings. VLAN settings automatically change in conjunction with the change of the port trunk group settings.

VLAN Status

The VLAN List displays VLANs, VLAN membership and membershiop type. This window displays the ports on the switch that are currently Egress or Tag ports. To view the following table, open the L2 features->VLAN folder and click the VLAN Status Link.

This section contains the following topics:

 Defining VLAN Properties  Configuring GVRP

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Defining VLAN Properties

The VLAN Configuration Page provides information and global parameters for configuring and working with VLANs.

1. Click L2 Features > 802.1Q VLAN. The VLAN Configuration Page opens:

Figure 0–5 VLAN Configuration Page

The VLAN Configuration Page contains the following fields:

Field Description VID

VLAN Name Untag VLAN Ports

Tag VLAN Ports

Forbidden VLAN Ports

NOTE: The Guest VLAN should be disabled before deleting the VLAN which was defined as the Guest VLAN.

NOTE: On the Default VLAN, the user can define ports as ‘Untagged’ or ‘Tagged’ but not as ‘Forbidde

Defines the VLAN ID.

Defines the user-defined VLAN name. The field ranges is 1-32 characters.

Defines the interface is an untagged VLAN member. Packets forwarded by the interface are untagged.

Defines the interface is a tagged member of a VLAN. All packets forwarded by the interface are tagged. The packets contain VLAN information.

Defines the interface VLAN membership, even if GVRP indicates the port is to be added.

n’.

2. Click the Add/Edit VLAN tab. The Add/Edit VLAN Information Page opens:

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Figure 0–6 Add/Edit VLAN Information Page

The Add/Edit VLAN Information Page contains the following fields:

Field Description VID

VLAN Name Unit Untag Port

Defines the VLAN ID.

Defines the user-defined VLAN name. The field ranges up to 32 characters.

Defines the stacking member for which the VLAN parameters are displayed.

Defines the interface is an untagged VLAN member. Packets forwarded by the interface are untagged.

Tag Port

Defines the interface is a tagged member of a VLAN. All packets forwarded by the interface are tagged. The packets contain VLAN information.

Forbidden Port Not Member Port Select All

Defines the interface VLAN membership, even if GVRP indicates the port is to be added.

Indicates that the interface is not a member of the VLAN.

Selects all ports and either untags, tags, excludes, or removes the VLAN membership.

3. Define the VID, VLAN Name, and port-related fields.

4. Select the Tagged, Untagged, and Forbidden ports.

5. Click

. The VLAN is saved, and the device is updated.

To modify a VLAN:

1. Click L2 Features > 802.1Q VLAN. The VLAN Configuration Page opens:

2. Select a VLAN in the

3. Click

VLAN Table.

. The configured VLAN parameters are displayed in the Add/Edit VLAN Information section.

4. Modify the VLAN parameters.

5. Click

. The VLAN information is modified, and the device is updated.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Defining Asymmetric VLAN

The device configuration allows a port to be defined as an untagged member only in one VLAN and tagged in multiple VLANs. By enabling Asymmetric VLAN on the device, a port is defined as an untagged member in multiple VLANs. This allows ports from separate VLANs access to a remote server without accessing other hosts.

When Assymetric VLAN is enabled, if a port is an untagged member in VLAN #1, VLAN #1 must be the PVID.

The following scenerio illustrates the feature:

Server

Port1

Port3

VLAN2

Port17

Port

Port9

Port17

VLA

VLAN3

Port 1 connect to Server; port 1, port 3, port 9 and port 17 are untagged ports; PC3 & PC4 are in the same VLAN#3; port 1 is a untagged member of VLAN#2 and VLAN#3 (untagged member overlap). Then the server can talk with VLAN#2, VLAN#3; PC3 and PC4 can talk to the server and to each other; PC2 can talk to the Server; VLAN#2 can’t communicate with VLAN3.

In this example port 1 need to be untagged member in VLAN#2 & VLAN#3, so Asymmetric VLAN should be enabled

NOTE: In order to support this network scenario, the user will need feature which will be released in DGS-3100-xx R3.0 as well

The default VLAN (VID=1) cannot be used as shared VLAN.

1. Click L2 Features >Asymmetric VLAN. The Asymmetric VLAN Page opens:

Figure 0–7

Asymmetric VLAN scenerio

to activate also ‘DLF Filtering’

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Figure 0–8 Asymmetric VLAN Page

The Asymmetric VLAN Page contains the following fields:

Field Description Asymmetric VLAN

Status

2. Select Enabled/Disabled in the Asymmetric VLAN Status field.

3. Select Enable in the DLF Filtering (see Defining DLF Filtering).

4. Click

Defines whether Asymmetric VLAN is enabled on the device. The possible field values are:

Enabled — Enables Asymmetric VLAN on the device. Disabled — Disables Asymmetric VLAN on the device. This is the default value.

. The Asymmetric VLAN option is enabled, and the device is updated.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Configuring GVRP

GVRP timers need to be in the default values on all Layer 2-connected devices. If the GVRP timers are set differently on the Layer 2-connected devices, the GVRP application does not operate successfully.

GARP VLAN Registration Protocol (GVRP) is specifically provided for automatic distribution of VLAN membership information between VLAN-aware bridges. GVRP allows VLAN-aware bridges to automatically learn VLANs to bridge port mapping without requiring the individual configuration of each bridge and register VLAN membership. To define GVRP on the device:

1. Click L2 Features > GVRP Settings. The GVRP Setting Page opens:

Figure 0–9 GVRP Setting Page

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

The GVRP Setting Page contains the following fields:

Field Description GRVP Global Setting

Defines whether GRVP is enabled on the device. The possible field values are:

Enabled — Enables GRVP on the device. Disabled — Disables GRVP on the device. This is the default value.

Unit From Port To Port PVID GVRP

Defines the stacking member’s Unit ID and LAGs for which GVRP parameters are displayed.

Defines the first port number that is displayed to which GVRP are assigned.

Defines the last port number that is displayed to which GVRP are assigned.

Defines the PVID assigned to the port.

Defines whether GVRP is enabled on the port. The possible field values are:

Enabled — Enables GVRP on the selected port. Disabled — Disables GVRP on the selected port. (This is the default value).

Ingress

Defines whether Ingress filtering is enabled on the device. The possible field values are:

Enabled — Enables Ingress filtering on the device. Ingress filtering compares an incoming

VID tag packet with the PVID number assigned to the port. If the PVIDs vary, the port drops the packet. (This is the default value).

Acceptable Frame Type

Disabled — Disables Ingress filtering on the device.

Defines the packet type accepted on the port. The possible field values are:

Admit Tagged Only —Only tagged packets are accepted on the port. Admit All — Both tagged and untagged packets are accepted on the port. (This is the

default value).

2. Select a stacking member in the Unit field.

3. Select the ports to and from which the GVRP parameters are displayed in the From/To Port fields.

4. Define the PVID, GVRP, Ingress, and Acceptable Frame Type fields.

5. Click

. The GVRP is enabled, and the device is updated.

NOTE: When GVRP is globally enabled, GVRP is enabled on the GVRP state on a per-port basis.

all the ports. Users can still disable

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Defining Trunking

The Trunking Configuration Page contains information for assigning ports to LAGs and defining LAG parameters.

Load Balancing

Traffic forwarded to the trunk interface (LAG) is load-balanced across the physical links, thus achieving an effective bandwidth close to the aggregate bandwidth of each of the port members of the trunk group (LAG).

Traffic load balancing over trunk groups is managed by a hash-based distribution function that distributes Unicast traffic based on Layer 2 or Layer 3 packet header information. Multicast traffic always uses a single, unique LAG member.

The information used for the trunk is as follows:

 Layer 2 — MAC source and destination addresses  Layer 3 — IP source and destination addresses

Layer 2 and layer 3 can be used either separately or together, as needed.

A hash function based on the above criteria is calculated and saved in the packet descriptor. The egress process uses this hash function to select the specific trunk group member as the egress destination link. The hash algorithm ensures that the order of packets within a specific flow is preserved

To assign ports to LAGs:

1. Click L2 Features > Trunking. The Trunking Configuration Page opens:

Figure 0–10 Trunking Configuration Page

The Trunking Configuration Page contains the following fields:

Field Description Unit

Load Balance

Defines the stacking member’s Unit ID for which LAG parameters are displayed.

Defines the method used for load balancing over physical links. This allows for effective port

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Field Description

bandwidth management. The possible field values are:

 Layer 2 — Load balance is achieved using the source and destination MAC

addresses.

 Layer 3 — Load balance is achieved using the source and destination IP addresses.  Layer 2/3 — Load balance is achieved using the source and destination MAC and IP

addresses.

Group ID Type

Ports

2. Select a stacking unit in the Unit field.

3. Select the Load Balance to use.

4. Define the Group ID and Type fields.

5. Check the ports to be added to the LAG. The port numbers are displayed in the Ports field.

6. Click

Displays the LAG number.

Defines the LAG type. The possible field values are:

Static — The LAG is static; LACP is disabled on the LAG. (This is the default value). LACP — LACP is enabled on the device..

Displays the ports which are included in the LAG.

. The LAG settings are saved, and the device is updated.

Notes about Trunking on the DGS-3100 Series

DGS-3100 series supports up to 32 LAGs per device (or stack).

NOTE: A port must belong to the default VLAN when the user is adding the port to a LAG, After adding the port to the LAG, the LAG itself can be joined to other VLAN.

When a port is added to a LAG, the port’s configuration is stopping to be active, this configuration will return to be active only after the port will be removed from the LAG.

DGS-3100 Series Gigabit Stackable Managed Switch User Manual

Defining VLAN Trunking

VLAN Trunking allows frames belonging to unknown VLAN groups to pass through the switch. VLAN Trunking is activated by enabling VLAN Trunking on the device and defining up to 48 ports as “Uplink” ports. In addition, Ingress

Filtering must be enabled on all ports (see GVRP Setting Page ).

e fo

llowing limitations are applied to the user-defined Uplink ports:

The Uplink ports can be defined only on Units 1-2 on a stacking device.

The Uplink ports can not be added to a LAG.

The Port Lock option is disabled on both ports.

Port Mirroring is disabled on both ports.

The pass through functionality applies to all VLANs that were not created on the switch, for example if only VLAN #1 is defined on the switch, VLANs 2-4094 will pass traffic between the Uplink ports.

In the example below, the user defined ‘VLAN Trunking’ ports (Uplinks) are ports 23 and 24. In this case, the packet belonging to VLAN 500 enters port 23, defined as one of the Uplink Ports, and therefore will be forwarded to port 24.

Figure 0–11 VLAN Trunking example between 2 switchs

To define VLAN Trunking on the device:

1. Click L2 Features > VLAN Trunking. The VLAN Trunking Page opens:

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Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual