D-link DES-3018, DES-3010F, DES-3026, DES-3010G COMMAND LINE INTERFACE REFERENCE MANUAL
D-Link ™ DES-3010F / DES-3010G / DES-3018 / DES-3026
Managed 8/16/24-Port 10/100Mbps Fast Ethernet Switch
with Optional Slots
Manual
DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
_________________________________________________________________________________
Information in this document is subject to change without notice.
© 2005 D-Link Computer Corporation. All rights reserved.
Reproduction in any manner whatsoever without the written permission of D-Link Computer Corporation is strictly forbidden.
Trademarks used in this text: D-Link and the D-LINK logo are trademarks of D-Link Computer Corporation; Microsoft and Windows are registered
trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
Other trademarks and trade names may be used in this document to refer to either the entities claiming the marks and names or their products. D-Link
Computer Corporation disclaims any proprietary interest in trademarks and trade names other than its own.
June 2005 P/N 651ES3026015
DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
Table of Contents
Preface..................................................................................................................................................... 7
Intended Readers.................................................................................................................................................................8
Typographical Conventions............................................................................................................................................................... 8
Notes, Notices, and Cautions...............................................................................................................................................8
Safety Instructions...............................................................................................................................................................9
Safety Cautions.................................................................................................................................................................................. 9
General Precautions for Rack-Mountable Products......................................................................................................................... 10
Protecting Against Electrostatic Discharge...................................................................................................................................... 11
Introduction.......................................................................................................................................... 12
Switch Description ............................................................................................................................................................12
Features............................................................................................................................................................................................ 12
Ethernet Technology .........................................................................................................................................................14
Fast Ethernet.................................................................................................................................................................................... 14
Gigabit Ethernet Technology........................................................................................................................................................... 14
Switching Technology..................................................................................................................................................................... 14
Front-Panel Components and LED Indicators ................................................................................................................................. 15
Rear Panel Description .................................................................................................................................................................... 16
Side Panel Description..................................................................................................................................................................... 16
Installation ............................................................................................................................................ 17
Package Contents............................................................................................................................................................................. 17
Before You Connect to the Network................................................................................................................................................ 17
Installing the Switch without the Rack ............................................................................................................................................ 18
Installing the Switch in a Rack........................................................................................................................................................ 18
Mounting the Switch in a Standard 19" Rack............................................................................................................................. 18
Power On.................................................................................................................................................................................... 18
The Optional Modules..................................................................................................................................................................... 19
Connecting the Switch ......................................................................................................................... 21
Switch to End Node......................................................................................................................................................................... 21
Switch to Hub or Switch.................................................................................................................................................................. 22
The DES-3010F/G, DES-3018 or DES-3026 as a Network Backbone....................................................................................... 23
Introduction to Switch Management.................................................................................................. 24
Management Options ........................................................................................................................................................24
Web-based Management Interface................................................................................................................................................... 24
SNMP-Based Management.............................................................................................................................................................. 24
Command Line Console Interface through the Serial Port .............................................................................................................. 24
Connecting the Console Port (RS-232 DCE).............................................................................................................................. 24
First Time Connecting to the Switch............................................................................................................................................... 26
Password Protection......................................................................................................................................................................... 28
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
SNMP Settings ................................................................................................................................................................................ 28
Traps........................................................................................................................................................................................... 29
MIBs........................................................................................................................................................................................... 29
IP Address Assignment.................................................................................................................................................................... 30
Connecting Devices to the Switch................................................................................................................................................... 31
Introduction to Web-based Switch Configuration............................................................................ 32
Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................................32
Logging on to the Web Manager ..................................................................................................................................................... 32
Web-based User Interface................................................................................................................................................................ 33
Areas of the User Interface......................................................................................................................................................... 33
Web Pages ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 35
Administration ..................................................................................................................................... 36
Device Information............................................................................................................................................................36
IP Address .........................................................................................................................................................................38
Setting the Switch's IP Address using the Console Interface...................................................................................................... 39
Port Configurations ...........................................................................................................................................................40
Port Description.................................................................................................................................................................42
User Accounts ...................................................................................................................................................................43
Admin and User Privileges......................................................................................................................................................... 44
Port Mirroring ...................................................................................................................................................................45
System Log Servers...........................................................................................................................................................46
SNTP Settings ...................................................................................................................................................................48
Time Setting............................................................................................................................................................................... 48
Time Zone and DST................................................................................................................................................................... 49
TFTP Services...................................................................................................................................................................51
Ping Test............................................................................................................................................................................51
SNMP Manager.................................................................................................................................... 52
SNMP Settings ................................................................................................................................................................................ 52
SNMP User Table............................................................................................................................................................................ 53
SNMP View Table........................................................................................................................................................................... 55
SNMP Group Table......................................................................................................................................................................... 56
SNMP Community Table ................................................................................................................................................................ 58
SNMP Host Table............................................................................................................................................................................ 59
SNMP Engine ID............................................................................................................................................................................. 60
D-Link Single IP Management..........................................................................................................................................61
Single IP Management (SIM) Overview.......................................................................................................................................... 61
SIM Using the Web Interface............................................................................................................................................62
Forwarding & Filtering .....................................................................................................................................................63
Unicast Forwarding ......................................................................................................................................................................... 63
Multicast Forwarding....................................................................................................................................................................... 64
L2 Features ........................................................................................................................................... 65
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
VLANs ..............................................................................................................................................................................65
Understanding IEEE 802.1p Priority ............................................................................................................................................... 82
VLAN Description........................................................................................................................................................................... 65
Notes about VLANs on the Switch ............................................................................................................................................ 65
IEEE 802.1Q VLANs...................................................................................................................................................................... 65
802.1Q VLAN Tags ................................................................................................................................................................... 66
Tagging and Untagging.............................................................................................................................................................. 67
Ingress Filtering.......................................................................................................................................................................... 68
Default VLANs .......................................................................................................................................................................... 68
VLAN Segmentation.................................................................................................................................................................. 68
VLAN and Trunk Groups........................................................................................................................................................... 69
Static VLAN Entry.......................................................................................................................................................................... 70
Link Aggregation ..............................................................................................................................................................72
Understanding Port Trunk Groups.............................................................................................................................................. 72
IGMP Snooping.................................................................................................................................................................74
Static Router Ports........................................................................................................................................................................... 76
Spanning Tree ...................................................................................................................................................................77
802.1w Rapid Spanning Tree ..................................................................................................................................................... 77
Port Transition States ................................................................................................................................................................. 77
Edge Port.................................................................................................................................................................................... 77
P2P Port...................................................................................................................................................................................... 78
802.1d and 802.1w Compatibility .............................................................................................................................................. 78
STP Bridge Global Settings............................................................................................................................................................. 78
STP Port Settings............................................................................................................................................................................. 80
QoS ........................................................................................................................................................82
QoS....................................................................................................................................................................................82
The Advantages of QoS................................................................................................................................................................... 82
Understanding QoS.......................................................................................................................................................................... 83
Bandwidth Control........................................................................................................................................................................... 85
802.1p Default Priority .................................................................................................................................................................... 86
802.1p User Priority......................................................................................................................................................................... 87
QoS Scheduling Mechanism............................................................................................................................................................ 87
QoS Output Scheduling................................................................................................................................................................... 88
Security .................................................................................................................................................89
Traffic Control...................................................................................................................................................................89
Port Security......................................................................................................................................................................91
Port Lock Entries...............................................................................................................................................................92
802.1X...............................................................................................................................................................................93
802.1x Port-Based and MAC-Based Access Control....................................................................................................................... 93
Authentication Server................................................................................................................................................................. 94
Authenticator.............................................................................................................................................................................. 94
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
Client.......................................................................................................................................................................................... 95
Authentication Process............................................................................................................................................................... 96
Understanding 802.1x Port-based and MAC-based Network Access Control................................................................................. 97
Port-Based Network Access Control ............................................................................................................................................... 97
MAC-Based Network Access Control............................................................................................................................................. 98
802.1X Authenticator Settings......................................................................................................................................................... 99
Local Users............................................................................................................................................................................... 101
Port Capability.......................................................................................................................................................................... 101
Initializing Ports for Port Based 802.1x.................................................................................................................................... 102
Initializing Ports for MAC Based 802.1x................................................................................................................................. 103
Reauthenticate Port(s) for Port Based 802.1x........................................................................................................................... 104
Reauthenticate Port(s) for MAC-based 802.1x......................................................................................................................... 105
RADIUS Server........................................................................................................................................................................ 105
Trusted Host ....................................................................................................................................................................107
Traffic Segmentation.......................................................................................................................................................107
Monitoring .......................................................................................................................................... 109
CPU Utilization ...............................................................................................................................................................109
Port Utilization ................................................................................................................................................................110
Packets.............................................................................................................................................................................111
Received (RX)............................................................................................................................................................................... 111
UMB Cast (RX)............................................................................................................................................................................. 113
Transmitted (TX)........................................................................................................................................................................... 115
Errors...............................................................................................................................................................................117
Received (RX)............................................................................................................................................................................... 117
Transmitted (TX)........................................................................................................................................................................... 119
Packet Size ......................................................................................................................................................................121
MAC Address..................................................................................................................................................................123
Switch History Log .........................................................................................................................................................125
IGMP Snooping Group ...................................................................................................................................................126
Browse Router Port .........................................................................................................................................................127
Browse ARP Table..........................................................................................................................................................127
Session Table...................................................................................................................................................................127
Port Access Control.........................................................................................................................................................128
RADIUS Authentication................................................................................................................................................................ 128
RADIUS Accounting..................................................................................................................................................................... 130
Authenticator Diagnostics.............................................................................................................................................................. 131
Authenticator Session Statistics..................................................................................................................................................... 133
Authenticator Statistics.................................................................................................................................................................. 134
Authenticator State ........................................................................................................................................................................ 136
Reset................................................................................................................................................................................138
Reboot System.................................................................................................................................................................139
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
Save Changes ..................................................................................................................................................................139
Appendix A ......................................................................................................................................... 140
Appendix B .........................................................................................................................................142
Cables and Connectors ............................................................................................................................................................. 142
Appendix C ......................................................................................................................................... 143
Cable Lengths........................................................................................................................................................................... 143
Glossary............................................................................................................................................... 144
Warranties and Registration ............................................................................................................................................146
Technical Support............................................................................................................................................................157
International Offices .......................................................................................................................... 183
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
Preface
The DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Manual is divided into sections that describe the system installation and
operating instructions with examples.
Section 1, Introduction - Describes the Switch and its features.
Section 2, Installation- Helps you get started with the basic installation of the Switch and also describes the front panel,
rear panel, side panels, and LED indicators of the Switch.
Section 3, Connecting the Switch - Tells how you can connect the Switch to your Ethernet network.
Section 4, Introduction to Switch Management - Introduces basic Switch management features, including password
protection, SNMP settings, IP address assignment and connecting devices to the Switch.
Section 5, Introduction to Web-based Switch Management - Talks about connecting to and using the Web-based switch
management feature on the Switch.
Section 6, Administration- A detailed discussion about configuring some of the basic functions of the Switch, including
accessing the Switch information, using the Switch's utilities and setting up network configurations, such as assigning an
IP address, Port Configurations, User Accounts, Port Mirroring, System Log Settings, SNTP, TFTP, Ping Test, SNMP,
Single IP Management and Forwarding & Filtering.
Section 7, L2 Features - A discussion of the layer 2 features of the Switch, including VLANs, Trunking, IGMP Snooping,
and Spanning Tree.
Section 8, Security – A detailed discussion about the security features on the Switch including Traffic Control, Port
Security, 802.1X, Trusted Host and Traffic Segmentation.
Section 9, QoS– A detailed discussion regarding the Quality of Service feature on this Switch.
Section 10, Monitoring - Features graphs and screens used in monitoring features and packets on the Switch.
Appendix A, Technical Specifications - The technical specifications of the DES-3010F/G, DES-3018 and DES-3026
switches.
Appendix B, Cables and Connectors - Describes the RJ-45 receptacle/connector, straight-through and crossover cables
and standard pin assignments.
Appendix C, Cable Lengths - Information on cable types and maximum distances.
Glossary - Lists definitions for terms and acronyms used in this document.
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
Intended Readers
The DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Manual contains information for setup and management of the Switch. This
manual is intended for network managers familiar with network management concepts and terminology.
Typographical Conventions
Convention Description
[ ]
Bold font
Boldface
Typewriter Font
Initial capital letter
Italics
Menu Name > Menu
Option
In a command line, square brackets indicate an optional entry. For example: [copy
filename] means that optionally you can type copy followed by the name of the file.
Do not type the brackets.
Indicates a button, a toolbar icon, menu, or menu item. For example: Open the File
menu and choose Cancel. Used for emphasis. May also indicate system messages
or prompts appearing on your screen. For example: You have mail. Bold font is also
used to represent filenames, program names and commands. For example: use the
copy command.
Indicates commands and responses to prompts that must be typed exactly as printed
in the manual.
Indicates a window name. Names of keys on the keyboard have initial capitals. For
example: Click Enter.
Indicates a window name or a field. Also can indicate a variables or parameter that is
replaced with an appropriate word or string. For example: type filename means that
you should type the actual filename instead of the word shown in italic.
Menu Name > Menu Option Indicates the menu structure. Device > Port > Port
Properties means the Port Properties menu option under the Port menu option that
is located under the Device menu.
Notes, Notices, and Cautions
A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of
your device.
A NOTICE indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data
and tells you how to avoid the problem.
A CAUTION indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or
death.
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
Safety Instructions
Use the following safety guidelines to ensure your own personal safety and to help protect your system from potential
damage. Throughout this safety section, the caution icon (
) is used to indicate cautions and precautions that you need
to review and follow.
Safety Cautions
To reduce the risk of bodily injury, electrical shock, fire, and damage to the equipment, observe the following precautions.
•
Observe and follow service markings.
•
Do not service any product except as explained in your system documentation.
•
Opening or removing covers that are marked with the triangular symbol with a lightning bolt may expose you to
electrical shock.
•
Only a trained service technician should service components inside these compartments.
•
If any of the following conditions occur, unplug the product from the electrical outlet and replace the part or contact
your trained service provider:
•
The power cable, extension cable, or plug is damaged.
•
An object has fallen into the product.
•
The product has been exposed to water.
•
The product has been dropped or damaged.
•
The product does not operate correctly when you follow the operating instructions.
•
Keep your system away from radiators and heat sources. Also, do not block cooling vents.
•
Do not spill food or liquids on your system components, and never operate the product in a wet environment. If the
system gets wet, see the appropriate section in your troubleshooting guide or contact your trained service provider.
•
Do not push any objects into the openings of your system. Doing so can cause fire or electric shock by shorting out
interior components.
•
Use the product only with approved equipment.
•
Allow the product to cool before removing covers or touching internal components.
•
Operate the product only from the type of external power source indicated on the electrical ratings label. If you are
not sure of the type of power source required, consult your service provider or local power company.
•
To help avoid damaging your system, be sure the voltage selection switch (if provided) on the power supply is set to
match the power available at your location:
•
115 volts (V)/60 hertz (Hz) in most of North and South America and some Far Eastern countries such as South
Korea and Taiwan
•
100 V/50 Hz in eastern Japan and 100 V/60 Hz in western Japan
•
230 V/50 Hz in most of Europe, the Middle East, and the Far East
•
Also, be sure that attached devices are electrically rated to operate with the power available in your location.
•
Use only approved power cable(s). If you have not been provided with a power cable for your system or for any ACpowered option intended for your system, purchase a power cable that is approved for use in your country. The power
cable must be rated for the product and for the voltage and current marked on the product's electrical ratings label.
The voltage and current rating of the cable should be greater than the ratings marked on the product.
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
•
To help prevent electric shock, plug the system and peripheral power cables into properly grounded electrical outlets.
These cables are equipped with three-prong plugs to help ensure proper grounding. Do not use adapter plugs or
remove the grounding prong from a cable. If you must use an extension cable, use a 3-wire cable with properly
grounded plugs.
•
Observe extension cable and power strip ratings. Make sure that the total ampere rating of all products plugged into
the extension cable or power strip does not exceed 80 percent of the ampere ratings limit for the extension cable or
power strip.
•
To help protect your system from sudden, transient increases and decreases in electrical power, use a surge
suppressor, line conditioner, or uninterruptible power supply (UPS).
•
Position system cables and power cables carefully; route cables so that they cannot be stepped on or tripped over. Be
sure that nothing rests on any cables.
•
Do not modify power cables or plugs. Consult a licensed electrician or your power company for site modifications.
Always follow your local/national wiring rules.
•
When connecting or disconnecting power to hot-pluggable power supplies, if offered with your system, observe the
following guidelines:
•
Install the power supply before connecting the power cable to the power supply.
•
Unplug the power cable before removing the power supply.
•
If the system has multiple sources of power, disconnect power from the system by unplugging all power cables
from the power supplies.
•
Move products with care; ensure that all casters and/or stabilizers are firmly connected to the system. Avoid sudden
stops and uneven surfaces.
General Precautions for Rack-Mountable Products
Observe the following precautions for rack stability and safety. Also, refer to the rack installation documentation
accompanying the system and the rack for specific caution statements and procedures.
Systems are considered to be components in a rack. Thus, "component" refers to any system as well as to various
•
peripherals or supporting hardware.
Before working on the rack, make sure that the stabilizers are secured to the rack, extended to the floor, and that the
•
full weight of the rack rests on the floor. Install front and side stabilizers on a single rack or front stabilizers for joined
multiple racks before working on the rack.
CAUTION: Installing systems in a rack without the front and side
stabilizers installed could cause the rack to tip over, potentially resulting in
bodily injury under certain circumstances. Therefore, always install the
stabilizers before installing components in the rack. After installing
system/components in a rack, never pull more than one component out of
the rack on its slide assemblies at one time. The weight of more than one
extended component could cause the rack to tip over and may result in
serious injury.
•
Always load the rack from the bottom up, and load the heaviest item in the rack first.
•
Make sure that the rack is level and stable before extending a component from the rack.
•
Use caution when pressing the component rail release latches and sliding a component into or out of a rack; the slide
rails can pinch your fingers.
•
After a component is inserted into the rack, carefully extend the rail into a locking position, and then slide the
component into the rack.
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
Do not overload the AC supply branch circuit that provides power to the rack. The total rack load should not exceed
•
80 percent of the branch circuit rating.
• • Ensure that proper airflow is provided to components in the rack.
Do not step on or stand on any component when servicing other components in a rack.
NOTE: A qualified electrician must perform all connections to DC power
and to safety grounds. All electrical wiring must comply with applicable
local or national codes and practices.
CAUTION: Never defeat the ground conductor or operate the equipment
in the absence of a suitably installed ground conductor. Contact the
appropriate electrical inspection authority or an electrician if you are
uncertain that suitable grounding is available.
CAUTION: The system chassis must be positively grounded to the rack
cabinet frame. Do not attempt to connect power to the system until
grounding cables are connected. Completed power and safety ground
wiring must be inspected by a qualified electrical inspector. An energy
hazard will exist if the safety ground cable is omitted or disconnected.
Protecting Against Electrostatic Discharge
Static electricity can harm delicate components inside your system. To prevent static damage, discharge static electricity
from your body before you touch any of the electronic components, such as the microprocessor. You can do so by
periodically touching an unpainted metal surface on the chassis.
You can also take the following steps to prevent damage from electrostatic discharge (ESD):
1. When unpacking a static-sensitive component from its shipping carton, do not remove the component from the
antistatic packing material until you are ready to install the component in your system. Just before unwrapping the
antistatic packaging, be sure to discharge static electricity from your body.
2. When transporting a sensitive component, first place it in an antistatic container or packaging.
3. Handle all sensitive components in a static-safe area. If possible, use antistatic floor pads, workbench pads and an
antistatic grounding strap.
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
Introduction
Ethernet Technology
Switch Description
Features
Ports
Front-Panel Components
Side Panel Description
Rear Panel Description
Gigabit Combo Ports
Ethernet Technology
Fast Ethernet Technology
Section 1
The following manual describes the installation, maintenance and configurations concerning members of the DES3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026. These four switches are identical in configurations and very similar in basic hardware
and consequentially, most of the information in this manual will be universal to the total group of Switches. Corresponding
screen pictures of the web manager may be taken from any one of these switches but the configuration will be identical,
except for varying port counts. For the remainder of this document, we will refer to the DES-3018 as the switch in question
for examples, configurations and explanations.
Switch Description
The DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 is a high performance 8/16/24-port Fast Ethernet switch. Comprising
10/100Mbps switched unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) and Auto MDI-X/MDI-II convertible ports, and each model having
its own uplink port capability, this Switch will be ideal for segmenting networks into smaller, sub-connected networks for
optimum throughput capability of the most demanding multimedia and imaging applications available on the network
without creating bottlenecks. These ports can also be used for connecting PCs, printers, servers, hubs, routers, switches and
other networking devices, each supporting up to 200 Mbps of throughput in full-duplex mode.
The open slots available on the DES-3018 / DES-3026 models, the gigabit port on the DES-3010G and the fiber-optic port
on the DES-3010F can provide an uplink to a server or network backbone. The built-in console interface can be used to
configure the Switch’s settings for priority queuing, VLANs, and port trunk groups, port monitoring, and port speed.
Features
IEEE 802.3z compliant •
•
IEEE 802.3x Flow Control in full-duplex compliant
•
IEEE 802.3u compliant
•
IEEE 802.3ab compliant
•
IEEE 802.1p Priority Queues
•
IEEE 802.3ad Link Aggregation Control Protocol support.
•
IEEE 802.1x Port-based and MAC-based Access Control
•
IEEE 802.1Q VLAN
•
IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree and IEEE 802.1W Rapid Spanning Tree
•
Single IP Management support
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
Simple Network Time Protocol support •
•
System and Port Utilization support
•
System Log Support
•
Non-blocking store and forward switching scheme capability to support rate adaptation and protocol conversion
•
Supports by-port Egress/Ingress rate control
•
Support port-based enable and disable
•
Address table: Supports up to 8K MAC addresses per device
•
Port Trunking with flexible load distribution and fail-over function
•
IGMP Snooping support
•
SNMP support
•
Port Mirroring support
•
MIB support for:
•
RFC1213 MIB II
•
RFC1493 Bridge
•
RFC1757 RMON
•
RFC1643 Ether-like MIB
•
RFC2233 Interface MIB
•
RFC2358 Ether-like MIB
•
IF MIB
•
Private MIB
•
RFC2674 for 802.1p
•
IEEE 802.1x MIB
•
RS-232 DCE console port for Switch management
•
Provides parallel LED display for port status such as link/act, speed, etc.
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
Ethernet Technology
Fast Ethernet
The growing importance of LANs and the increasing complexity of desktop computing applications are fueling the need
for high performance networks. A number of high-speed LAN technologies are proposed to provide greater bandwidth and
improve client/server response times. Among them, Fast Ethernet, or 100BASE-T, provides a non-disruptive, smooth
evolution from 10BASE-T technology.
100Mbps Fast Ethernet is a standard specified by the IEEE 802.3 LAN committee. It is an extension of the 10Mbps
Ethernet standard with the ability to transmit and receive data at 100Mbps, while maintaining the Carrier Sense Multiple
Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) Ethernet protocol.
Gigabit Ethernet Technology
Gigabit Ethernet is an extension of IEEE 802.3 Ethernet utilizing the same packet structure, format, and support for
CSMA/CD protocol, full duplex, flow control, and management objects, but with a tenfold increase in theoretical
throughput over 100Mbps Fast Ethernet and a one hundred-fold increase over 10Mbps Ethernet. Since it is compatible with
all 10Mbps and 100Mbps Ethernet environments, Gigabit Ethernet provides a straightforward upgrade without wasting a
company's existing investment in hardware, software, and trained personnel.
The increased speed and extra bandwidth offered by Gigabit Ethernet are essential to coping with the network bottlenecks
that frequently develop as computers and their busses get faster and more users use applications that generate more traffic.
Upgrading key components, such as your backbone and servers to Gigabit Ethernet can greatly improve network response
times as well as significantly speed up the traffic between your subnetworks.
Gigabit Ethernet enables fast optical-fiber connections to support video conferencing, complex imaging, and similar dataintensive applications. Likewise, since data transfers occur 10 times faster than Fast Ethernet, servers outfitted with Gigabit
Ethernet NIC's are able to perform 10 times the number of operations in the same amount of time.
In addition, the phenomenal bandwidth delivered by Gigabit Ethernet is the most cost-effective method to take advantage
of today’s and tomorrow's rapidly improving switching and routing internetworking technologies.
Switching Technology
Another key development pushing the limits of Ethernet technology is in the field of switching technology. A switch
bridges Ethernet packets at the MAC address level of the Ethernet protocol transmitting among connected Ethernet or Fast
Ethernet LAN segments.
Switching is a cost-effective way of increasing the total network capacity available to users on a local area network. A
switch increases capacity and decreases network loading by making it possible for a local area network to be divided into
different segments, which are not competing with each other for network transmission capacity, and therefore decreasing
the load on each segment.
The Switch acts as a high-speed selective bridge between the individual segments. Traffic that needs to go from one
segment to another (from one port to another) is automatically forwarded by the Switch, without interfering with any other
segments (ports). This allows the total network capacity to be multiplied, while still maintaining the same network cabling
and adapter cards.
For Fast Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet networks, a switch is an effective way of eliminating problems of chaining hubs
beyond the "two-repeater limit." A switch can be used to split parts of the network into different collision domains, for
example, making it possible to expand your Fast Ethernet network beyond the 205-meter network diameter limit for
100BASE-TX networks. Switches supporting both traditional 10Mbps Ethernet and 100Mbps Fast Ethernet are also ideal
for bridging between existing 10Mbps networks and new 100Mbps networks.
Switching LAN technology is a marked improvement over the previous generation of network bridges, which were
characterized by higher latencies. Routers have also been used to segment local area networks, but the cost of a router and
the setup and maintenance required make routers relatively impractical. Today's switches are an ideal solution to most
kinds of local area network congestion problems.
NOTE: For customers interested in D-View, D-Link Corporation's
proprietary SNMP management software, go to the D-Link Website
(www.dlink.com) and download the software and manual.
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
Front-Panel Components and LED Indicators
The front panel of the Switch consists of LED indicators for Power, Console, Link/Act and Speed, 8/16/24 Fast-Ethernet,
ports, two optional module ports (DES-3018/3026 only), a gigabit 1000BASE-T copper port (DES-3010F/G), a 100BASEFX Ethernet port (DES-3010F) and a SFP Gigabit Ethernet port (DES-3010G). Also, the front panel has a RS-232
communication port.
Figure 1- 1. DES-3010F/G Front Panel
Figure 1- 2. DES-3018 Front Panel
Figure 1- 3. DES-3026 Front Panel
Figure 1- 4. DES-3026 LED indicators
Comprehensive LED indicators display the status of the Switch and the network.
LED or Button Description
Power
Console
Link/Act
Speed
This LED will light green after the Switch is powered on to indicate the normal operation
of the Switch’s power supplies. The indicator is dark when the Switch is powered off.
This LED should blink during the Power-On Self Test (POST). When the POST is finished successfully, the LED goes dark. This indicator will light solid green when the
Switch is being logged into via out-of-band/local console management through the RS232 console port in the front of the Switch using a straight-through serial cable.
When the LED mode has been changed to Link/Act, the LEDs will light steady green to
indicate a valid link. A blinking LED indicates activity on the port.
To the right of every Link/Act LED lies the speed LED, corresponding to every port.
Depending on the switch model, these lights will assume different roles.
DES-3010F/G – A solid green LED indicates the port is transferring data at 100Mbps
while a dark, unlit LED will indicate a rate of 10Mbps.
Port 9 – The LED of this port, when lit solid green, indicates a transfer rate of
1000Mbps. When this LED is unlit, it denotes a transfer rate of 10/100Mbps.
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
Port 10 – For the 3010F, a solid green LED indicates a transfer rate of
100Mbps and a dark LED indicates no link. For the 3010G, solid green LED indicates a
transfer rate of 1000Mbps and a dark LED indicates no link
DES-3018 / DES-3026 – A solid green LED will indicate a valid link at 100Mbps, and
when blinking, indicates the port is currently transferring data. A solid amber LED will
indicate a valid link at 10Mbps, and when blinking, indicates the port is currently
transferring data.
Rear Panel Description
The rear panels of these switches contain an AC power connector.
Figure 1- 5. Rear Panel of the DES-3010F/G and DES-3018/DES-3026, respectively.
Side Panel Description
Both panels of the Switch contain a heat vent used to dissipate heat. Do not block these openings, and leave at least 6
inches of space at the rear and sides of the Switch for proper ventilation. Be reminded that without proper heat dissipation
and air circulation, system components might overheat, which could lead to system failure.
Figure 1- 6. Side panel view
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
SECTION 2
Installation
Package Contents
Before You Connect to the Network
Installing the Switch without the Rack
Rack Installation
Power On
The Optional Module
Redundant Power System
Package Contents
Open the shipping carton of the Switch and carefully unpack its contents. The carton should contain the following items:
One DES-3010F, DES-3010G, DES-3018, or DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch •
•
Mounting kit (two brackets and screws)
•
Four rubber feet with adhesive backing
•
One AC power cord
•
RS-232 console cable
•
One CD Kit for User’s Guide / CLI / D-View module / SNMP module
•
This Manual with Registration Card.
If any item is found missing or damaged, please contact your local D-Link Reseller for replacement.
Before You Connect to the Network
The site where you install the Switch may greatly affect its performance. Please follow these guidelines for setting up the
Switch.
•
Install the Switch on a sturdy, level surface that can support the weight of the switch. Do not place heavy objects
on the Switch.
•
The power outlet should be within 1.82 meters (6 feet) of the Switch.
•
Visually inspect the power cord and see that it is fully secured to the AC power port.
•
Make sure that there is proper heat dissipation from and adequate ventilation around the Switch. Leave at least
10 cm (4 inches) of space at the front and rear of the Switch for ventilation.
•
Install the Switch in a fairly cool and dry place for the acceptable temperature and humidity operating ranges.
•
Install the Switch in a site free from strong electromagnetic field generators (such as motors), vibration, dust,
and direct exposure to sunlight.
•
When installing the Switch on a level surface, attach the rubber feet to the bottom of the device. The rubber feet
cushion the Switch, protect the casing from scratches and prevent it from scratching other surfaces.
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
Installing the Switch without the Rack
When installing the Switch on a desktop or shelf, the rubber feet included with the Switch should first be attached. Attach
these cushioning feet on the bottom at each corner of the device. Allow enough ventilation space between the Switch and
any other objects in the vicinity.
Figure 2- 1. Prepare Switch for installation on a desktop or shelf
Installing the Switch in a Rack
The Switch can be mounted in a standard 19" rack. Use the following diagrams to guide you.
Figure 2- 2. Fasten mounting brackets to Switch
Fasten the mounting brackets to the Switch using the screws provided. With the brackets attached securely, you can mount
the Switch in a standard rack as shown in Figure 2-3 on the following page.
Mounting the Switch in a Standard 19" Rack
Figure 2- 3. Installing Switch in a rack
Power On
Plug one end of the AC power cord into the power connector of the Switch and the other end into the local power source
outlet.
After the Switch is powered on, the LED indicators will momentarily blink. This blinking of the LED indicators represents
a reset of the system.
As a precaution, in the event of a power failure, unplug the Switch. When power is resumed, plug the Switch back in.
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
x
The Optional Modules
At the front right of the DES-3018 and the DES-3026 resides an optional module slot. These optional modules, specially
designed for this Switch series, may be used as an uplink to a server or core switch. This slot may be equipped with a
single-port Uplink Module, sold separately. See the explanation of the optional modules below.
- Single-Port 1000BASE-T Gigabit-Ethernet uplink
module
- Compliant with IEEE802.3, IEEE802.3u,
IEEE802.3ab
- Comprehensive LEDs for Speed, Link and Act(ivity)
- Supports auto-negotiation in 10/100/1000M, full-
duplex, back-pressure in half-duplex and
IEEE802.3x compliant flow control for full-duplex
Figure 2- 4. DEM-301T Optional Module
Figure 2- 5. DEM-301G Optional Module
- Single-Port SFP gigabit uplink module
- Compliant with IEEE802.3z
- Link and Act(ivity) LED
- Supports auto-negotiation in full-duplex and
IEEE802.3x compliant flow control for full-duplex
- Support for DEM-310GT, DEM-311GT, DEM-
314GT, DEM-315GT
- Single-Port 100BASE-FX fast Ethernet uplink
module
- Compliant with IEEE802.3u
- Link and Act(ivity) LED
- Supports forced 100M, full-duplex and IEEE802.3
compliant flow control for full-duplex
- SC Type connector good over 2km distance
Figure 2- 6. DEM-201F Optional Module
To install the modules, follow the simple steps listed below.
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
CAUTION: Before adding the optional module, make sure to disconnect all
power sources connected to the Switch. Failure to do so may result in an
electrical shock, which may cause damage, not only to the individual but to
the Switch as well.
At the front of the Switch to the right is the slot for the optional module, as shown in Figure 2-7 and Figure 2-8. This slot
should be covered with a faceplate that can be easily removed by loosening the screws and pulling off the plate.
Optional Module Slots
Figure 2- 7. Optional Module slots at the front of the DES-3018
Optional Module Slots
Figure 2- 8. Optional Module slot at the front of the DES-3026
Take the module and gently slide it in to the available slot at the front of the Switch until it reaches the back, as shown in
the following figure. At the back of the slot is a plug that must be connected to the module. Gently, but firmly push in on
the module to secure it to the Switch. The module should fit snugly into the corresponding receptor.
Figure 2- 9. Inserting the optional module into the Switch.
The upgraded DES-3018 / DES-3026 is now ready for use.
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
Section 3
Connecting the Switch
Switch To End Node
Switch to Hub or Switch
Connecting To Network Backbone or Server
NOTE: All high-performance N-Way Ethernet ports can support both MDIII and MDI-X connections.
Switch to End Node
End nodes include PCs outfitted with a 10, 100 or 1000 Mbps RJ 45 Ethernet Network Interface Card (NIC) and most
routers.
An end node can be connected to the Switch via a twisted-pair UTP/STP cable. The end node should be connected to any
of the 10/100BASE-T ports of the Switch.
Figure 3- 1. Switch connected to an end node
The Link/Act LEDs for each UTP port will light green or amber when the link is valid. A blinking LED indicates packet
activity on that port.
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
Switch to Hub or Switch
These connections can be accomplished in a number of ways using a normal cable.
A 10BASE-T hub or switch can be connected to the Switch via a twisted-pair Category 3, 4 or 5 UTP/STP
•
cable.
•
A 100BASE-TX hub or switch can be connected to the Switch via a twisted-pair Category 5 UTP/STP cable.
•
A 1000BASE-T switch can be connected to the Switch via a twisted pair Category 5e UTP/STP cable.
•
A switch supporting a fiber-optic uplink can be connected to the Switch’s SFP ports via fiber-optic cabling.
Figure 3- 2. Switch connected to a port on a hub or switch using a straight or crossover cable
Figure 3- 3. Switch connected to switch using fiber-optic cabling
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
The DES-3010F/G, DES-3018 or DES-3026 as a Network Backbone
The DES-3018 can be employed as a network backbone for offices or buildings that require many Ethernet connections
within a confined space. Once a high-speed line has been connected from the ISP, the DES-3018 can farm out connections
for various end nodes including PCs, printers, hubs, routers or other switches. The topology configurations are endless but
be sure that connections coming from the DES-3018 are at a equal or slower speed than the ISP uplink to avoid
bottlenecking.
The copper ports operate at a speed of 100Mbps or 10Mbps in full or half duplex mode. The 100BASE-FX ports can
operate at 100Mbps in full duplex mode only. Copper gigabit ports may operate in 1000Mbps in full-duplex only. SFP
gigabit ports operate in 1000Mbps in full-duplex only.
Connections to the Gigabit Ethernet ports are made using a fiber-optic cable or Category 5e copper cable, depending on the
type of port. A valid connection is indicated when the Link LED is lit.
Figure 3- 4. Uplink Connection to a server, PC or switch stack.
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
Section 4
Introduction to Switch Management
Management Options
Web-based Management Interface
SNMP-Based Management
Managing User Accounts
Command Line Console Interface through the Serial Port
Connecting the Console Port (RS-232 DCE)
First Time Connecting to the Switch
Password Protection
SNMP Settings
IP Address Assignment
Connecting Devices to the Switch
Management Options
This system may be managed out-of-band through the console port on the front panel or in-band using Telnet. The user
may also choose the web-based management, accessible through a web browser.
Web-based Management Interface
After you have successfully installed the Switch, you can configure the Switch, monitor the LED panel, and display
statistics graphically using a web browser, such as Netscape Navigator (version 6.2 and higher) or Microsoft® Internet
Explorer (version 5.0).
SNMP-Based Management
You can manage the Switch with an SNMP-compatible console program. The Switch supports SNMP version 1.0, version
2.0c and version 3.0. The SNMP agent decodes the incoming SNMP messages and responds to requests with MIB objects
stored in the database. The SNMP agent updates the MIB objects to generate statistics and counters.
Command Line Console Interface through the Serial Port
You can also connect a computer or terminal to the serial console port to access the Switch. The command-line-driven
interface provides complete access to all Switch management features.
Connecting the Console Port (RS-232 DCE)
The Switch provides an RS-232 serial port that enables a connection to a computer or terminal for monitoring and
configuring the Switch. This port is a female DB-9 connector, implemented as a data terminal equipment (DTE)
connection.
To use the console port, you need the following equipment:
A terminal or a computer with both a serial port and the ability to emulate a terminal. •
• A null modem or crossover RS-232 cable with a female DB-9 connector for the console port on the Switch.
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
To connect a terminal to the console port:
1. Connect the female connector of the RS-232 cable directly to the console port on the Switch, and tighten the
captive retaining screws.
2. Connect the other end of the cable to a terminal or to the serial connector of a computer running terminal
emulation software. Set the terminal emulation software as follows:
3. Select the appropriate serial port (COM port 1 or COM port 2).
4. Set the data rate to 9600 baud.
5. Set the data format to 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, and no parity.
6. Set flow control to none.
7. Under Properties, select VT100 for Emulation mode.
8. Select Terminal keys for Function, Arrow, and Ctrl keys. Ensure that you select Terminal keys (not Windows
keys).
NOTE: When you use HyperTerminal with the Microsoft® Windows® 2000
operating system, ensure that you have Windows 2000 Service Pack 2 or
later installed. Windows 2000 Service Pack 2 allows you to use arrow keys
in HyperTerminal's VT100 emulation. See www.microsoft.com for
information on Windows 2000 service packs.
9. After you have correctly set up the terminal, plug the power cable into the power receptacle on the back of the
Switch. The boot sequence appears in the terminal.
10. After the boot sequence completes, the console login screen displays.
11. If you have not logged into the command line interface (CLI) program, press the Enter key at the User name and
password prompts. There is no default user name and password for the Switch. User names and passwords must
first be created by the administrator. If you have previously set up user accounts, log in and continue to configure
the Switch.
12. Enter the commands to complete your desired tasks. Many commands require administrator-level access
privileges. Read the next section for more information on setting up user accounts. See the DES-3018 Command
Line Interface Reference Manual on the documentation CD for a list of all commands and additional information
on using the CLI.
13. When you have completed your tasks, exit the session with the logout command or close the emulator program.
Make sure the terminal or PC you are using to make this connection is configured to match these settings.
If you are having problems making this connection on a PC, make sure the emulation is set to VT-100. You will be able to
set the emulation by clicking on the File menu in you HyperTerminal window, clicking on Properties in the drop-down
menu, and then clicking the Settings tab. This is where you will find the Emulation options. If you still do not see
anything, try rebooting the Switch by disconnecting its power supply.
Once connected to the console, the screen below will appear on your console screen. This is where the user will enter
commands to perform all the available management functions. The Switch will prompt the user to enter a user name and a
password. Upon the initial connection, there is no user name or password and therefore just press enter twice to access the
command line interface.
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
Figure 4- 1. Initial screen after first connection.
First Time Connecting to the Switch
The Switch supports user-based security that can allow you to prevent unauthorized users from accessing the Switch or
changing its settings. This section tells how to log onto the Switch.
NOTE: The passwords used to access the Switch are case-sensitive;
therefore, "S" is not the same as "s."
When you first connect to the Switch, you will be presented with the first login screen (shown below).
NOTE: Press Ctrl+R to refresh the screen. This command can be used at
any time to force the console program in the Switch to refresh the console
screen.
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
Figure 4- 2. Initial screen, first time connecting to the Switch
Press Enter in both the Username and Password fields. You will be given access to the command prompt DES-3018:4#, as
shown below:
There is no initial username or password. Leave the Username and Password fields blank.
Figure 4- 3. Command Prompt
NOTE: The first user automatically gets Administrator level privileges. It is
recommended to create at least one Admin-level user account for the
Switch.
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
Password Protection
The DES-3018 switch does not have a default user name and password. One of the first tasks when settings up the Switch
is to create user accounts. If you log in using a predefined administrator-level user name, you have privileged access to the
Switch's management software.
After your initial login, define new passwords for both default user names to prevent unauthorized access to the Switch,
and record the passwords for future reference.
To create an administrator-level account for the Switch, do the following:
At the CLI login prompt, enter create account admin followed by the <user name> and press the Enter key. •
•
You will be asked to provide a password. Type the <password> used for the administrator account being
created and press the Enter key.
•
You will be prompted to enter the same password again to verify it. Type the same password and press the Enter
key.
•
Successful creation of the new administrator account will be verified by a Success message.
NOTE: Passwords are case sensitive. User names and passwords can be
up to 15 characters in length.
The sample below illustrates a successful creation of a new administrator-level account with the user name "newmanager".
DES-3018:4#create account admin newmanager
Command: create account admin newmanager
Enter a case-sensitive new password:********
Enter the new password again for confirmation:********
Success.
DES-3018:4#
NOTICE: CLI configuration commands only modify the running
configuration file and are not saved when the Switch is rebooted. To save
all your configuration changes in nonvolatile storage, you must use the
save command to copy the running configuration file to the startup
configuration.
SNMP Settings
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is an OSI Layer 7 (Application Layer) designed specifically for managing
and monitoring network devices. SNMP enables network management stations to read and modify the settings of
gateways, routers, switches, and other network devices. Use SNMP to configure system features for proper operation,
monitor performance and detect potential problems in the Switch, switch group or network.
Managed devices that support SNMP include software (referred to as an agent), which runs locally on the device. A
defined set of variables (managed objects) is maintained by the SNMP agent and used to manage the device. These objects
are defined in a Management Information Base (MIB), which provides a standard presentation of the information
controlled by the on-board SNMP agent. SNMP defines both the format of the MIB specifications and the protocol used to
access this information over the network.
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DES-3010F/G / DES-3018 / DES-3026 Fast Ethernet Switch Manual
The DES-3018 switch supports SNMP versions 1, 2c, and 3. You can specify which version of SNMP you want to use to
monitor and control the Switch. The three versions of SNMP vary in the level of security provided between the
management station and the network device.
In SNMP v.1 and v.2c, user authentication is accomplished using 'community strings', which function like passwords. The
remote user SNMP application and the Switch SNMP must use the same community string. SNMP packets from any
station that has not been authenticated are ignored (dropped).
The default community strings for the Switch used for SNMP v.1 and v.2c management access are:
public - Allows authorized management stations to retrieve MIB objects. •
• private - Allows authorized management stations to retrieve and modify MIB objects.
SNMP v.3 uses a more sophisticated authentication process that is separated into two parts. The first part is to maintain a
list of users and their attributes that are allowed to act as SNMP managers. The second part describes what each user on
that list can do as an SNMP manager.
The Switch allows groups of users to be listed and configured with a shared set of privileges. The SNMP version may also
be set for a listed group of SNMP managers. Thus, you may create a group of SNMP managers that are allowed to view
read-only information or receive traps using SNMP v.1 while assigning a higher level of security to another group,
granting read/write privileges using SNMP v.3.
Using SNMP v.3 individual users or groups of SNMP managers can be allowed to perform or be restricted from
performing specific SNMP management functions. The functions allowed or restricted are defined using the Object
Identifier (OID) associated with a specific MIB. An additional layer of security is available for SNMP v.3 in that SNMP
messages may be encrypted. To read more about how to configure SNMP v.3 settings for the Switch read the section
entitled Management.
Traps
Traps are messages that alert network personnel of events that occur on the Switch. The events can be as serious as a
reboot (someone accidentally turned OFF the Switch), or less serious like a port status change. The Switch generates traps
and sends them to the trap recipient (or network manager). Typical traps include trap messages for Authentication Failure,
Topology Change and New Root.
MIBs
Management and counter information are stored by the Switch in the Management Information Base (MIB). The Switch
uses the standard MIB-II Management Information Base module. Consequently, values for MIB objects can be retrieved
from any SNMP-based network management software. In addition to the standard MIB-II, the Switch also supports its own
proprietary enterprise MIB as an extended Management Information Base. The proprietary MIB may also be retrieved by
specifying the MIB Object Identifier. MIB values can be either read-only or read-write.
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