Citizen SR-135N User Manual

	Contents
FEATURES .........................................................................		2
THE KEYBOARD AND OPERATING CONTROLS ...........		2
DISPLAY...........................................................................		10
CALCULATION.................................................................		11
1.	Calculation order of priority................................................	11
2.	Addition, subtraction, multiplication and division and
	constant calculations. ........................................................	12
3.	Memory calculation............................................................	13
4.	Calculations with parenthesis............................................	14
5.	Coordinate conversion:......................................................	14
6.	Complex Calculation..........................................................	15
7.	Statistical calculation. ........................................................	16
SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................		17
AUTOMATIC POWER OFF ..............................................		17
BATTERY REPLACEMENT .............................................		17

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FEATURES

(1)Normal operations.

Four operation (+, –, x, ÷), xy, y x , auto-constant, parenthesis, percentage.

(2)Memory calculation (X→M, MR, M+).

(3)General mathematical function:

Trigonometric (3)	Arctrigonometric (3)
Logarithmic (2)	Exponential (2)
Square	Power
Square Root	Cube Root
Root	π
Parenthesis	Reciprocal
EXP	+/–
SCI	Factorial
DEG, RAD, GRAD	Degree, minute, second conversion (2)
FIX	X↔Y
RND	Coordinate conversion.

(4)Binary, octal, decimal and hexadecimal mode.

Mutual conversions and calculations of binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal numbers.

(5)Memory protection when power off.

(6)An automatic power off feature to preserve battery life.

(7)Statistics calculations.

•Number of sample (n).

•Total of square of all data (Σx2).

•Average ( x ).

•2 kinds of the standard deviation (σn–1, σn).

•Total of all data (Σx).

(8)2-variable function polar-rectangular coordinate conversion.

THE KEYBOARD AND OPERATING CONTROLS

SD

(1) [ON/C] : 1. Power on and clear an error condition. 2. Set and clear the statistics mode.

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x!

(2) [CE] : 1. Clear entry key.

2. Factorial function (x!).

x! = n x (n–1) x (n–2) x (n–3) x .....x 2 x 1

(3) [OFF] : Power off key.

(4) [SHIFT] : This is the key for specifying the second function. When this key is pressed, the special display “SHIFT” lights. When this key press twice continuously, the second function mode releas.

(5) [DRG]: a. Pressing this key will change the mode of angle unit

sequentially DEG RAD GRAD and display it on LCD.

b.Pressing this key after [SHIFT] key shall change the mode of angle and shall convert the displayed data.

DEG → RAD : RAD = DEG x π/180

RAD → GRAD : GRAD = RAD x 200/π

GRAD → DEG : DEG = GRAD x 180/200

(6) [0] ~ [9] : Press these keys in their logical sequence to enter numbers.

(7)[RND] : a. Use to set the decimal point when entering numbers.

b.When press as the first number, it is regarded as [0] and [ • ] keys are pressed.

c.Random as a second function.

Pressing this key shall display the random number. The range of random number is 0.000~0.999.

(8)[+/–] : a. In setting data in the mantissa section, this key reverse

code in the mantissa section similarly for exponent section, it reverse code in the exponent section.

b.For the operation result, this key reverse code in the mantissa section.

(9)[+], [–], [x], [ ÷ ], [ ( ], [ ) ]

a. When the key operations are performed by these keys according to a numerical expression, a result of operation is obtained according to mathematical priorities. Priorities discriminated are:

1)1-variable function.

2) Expression in "( )"; (The most inner expression has priority in case of multiple parenthesis)

3)xy, y x

4)x, ÷

5)+, –

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b.Whenever the key is operated, the calculator discriminates the above priorities and holds the data and operation keys pending as required.

This pending action is possible up to 6 times, and 15 levels or more pending become error.

c.[ ( ] key is accepted only immediately after [CE], [+], [–], [x], [÷], [xy], [ y x ], [=], [ ( ] keys can not accepted in all other cases.

When this key is accepted, the displayed data is cleared to 0. When [ ( ] key is first accepted, the special display “( )” illuminates.

When a parenthesis expression is completed [ ) ] and [=] key or

When it is cleared by the [ON/C] key, etc. or when errors are generated, the special display “( )” goes out.

d.If it is within the allowable range of pending, [ ( ] can be input into any place in an expression as many times as desired. However, if the key is pressed continuously 16 times or more, it becomes error.

e.From a viewpoint of numerical expression when the corresponding “ ) ” key is not pressed, the operation is not executed even if the “ ( ” key is pressed. On the other hand, When the “ ( ” key is pressed and the “ = ” key is the pressed without pressing the corresponding “ ) ” key, the operation is also completed according to the priority.

(10)[X→M], [MR], [M+] Memory calculation

a.The memory register “M” used by these keys is a completely independent single memory.

b.Display data is added to “M” (memory register) by [M+] key. If data overflows at this time, the proceeding data is hold.

c.Display data is stored in “M” by [X→M] key.

d.Contents of “M” is displayed by [MR] key.

e.When any data except for 0 is stored in “M”, the special display

“M” illuminates.

(11)[EXP] : 1. Exponent select key.

2.This key display a rounded value : 3.141592654.

(12)[%=] : Calculation

a.When any arithmetic functions constant mode has been set, the displayed number is converted from a percentage to a decimal. Example: 61.5%

Key Input	Display
[6] [1] [ • ] [5] [SHIFT] [%]	0.615

b.When [=] key is pressed after [%] following arithmetic function will be executed.

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	CALCULATION	KEY OPERATION		LCD DISPLAY
	EXAMPLE
	WHAT IS 30% OF	450 [x] 30	[SHIFT] [%]	0.3
	450?		[=]	135.
	WHAT	120 [÷] 600		6.
	PERCENTAGE OF		[SHIFT] [%]
	600 IS 120?		[=]	20.
	(120÷600x100=20)
	WHAT 25% OF 400	400 [+] 25	[SHIFT] [%]	100.
	IS AN EXTRA?
	(400+(400x25/100)		[=]	500.
	=500)
	WHAT 25% 0F 400	400 [–] 25	[SHIFT] [%]	100.
	IS A DISCOUNT?
	(400–(400x25/100)		[=]	300.
	=300)

(13)Trigonometric and arctrigonometric function / Hyperbolic and arc hyperbolic trigonometric function (1-variable)

([sin], [cos], [tan], [sin–1], [cos–1], [tan–1]).

These function are calculated according to respective defined areas and accuracy shown in behind chart, any displayed result of operation can become operators.

(14)Exponential and Logarithmic functions (1-variable). ([In], [log], [eX], [10X]) Same as Trigonometric functions.

(15)Reciprocal, Square, Square Root, and Cube Root.

([1/x] , [x2], [

] , [ 3 ]) Same as Trigonometric functions.

(16) [] a. These keys convert degrees, minutes, seconds, into

decimal degree and decimal degrees into degree minutes, and seconds.

b.On the “” format, the integer part of display data is regarded as degree, 2 digits below the decimal point as minutes and the 3rd digit and belows as seconds.

Example:

[	]		<degree minute second>
2.111111111 [SHIFT] [		]	2	06	3999
				(39.99 seconds)

(17)Binary mode ([SHIFT], [BIN], [0], [1] ).

a.Data input and output are both binary integers in a maximum of 10 digits.

b.A negative number is expressed in binary of two's complement.

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c.The range of internal operation is as shown below and if the result of the operation exceed the range, it becomes an error

(overflow).

			Binary Number			Decimal Number
Outside the				___		512 ≤ DATA
operation range
				111111111		511
				111111110		510
Binary				111111101		509
					:	:
Positive
					:	:
Integer
					10	2
					1	1
					0	0
				111111111		–1
Binary				111111110		–2
				111111101		–3
Negative
				:	:	:
Integer
				:	:	:
(Complement)
				1000000001		–511
				1000000000		–512
Outside the operation						DATA ≤ –512
range
(18) Octal mode ( [SHIFT],		OCT
		[	x	], [0] ~ [7] ).

a.Data input and output are both octal integers with a maximum of 10 digits.

b.A negative number is expressed in the octal number display of two’s complement.

c.The range of internal operation is as shown below and if the result of the operation exceed the range, it becomes an error

(overflow).

		Octal Number	Decimal Number
	Outside the	___	536870912
	operation range		≤ DATA
	Octal	3777777777	536870911
		3777777776	536870910
	Positive
		:	:
	Integer
		:	:
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			1	1
			0	0
		777777777		–1
	Octal	777777776		–2
		111111101
	Negative
		:	:	:
	Integer
		:	:	:
	(Complement)
		4000000001		–536870911
		4000000000		–536870912
	Outside the operation			DATA
	range			≤ –536870913

(19)Hexadecimal Mode ([SHIFT], [HEX], [0] ~ [9], [A] ~ [F]).

a.Data input and output are both hexadecimal integer with a maximum of 10 digits.

b. A negative number is expressed in a hexadecimal number of two's complement.

c.The range of internal operation is as shown below and if the result of operation exceed the range, it becomes an error (overflow).

			Hexadecimal Number	Decimal Number
		Outside the	___	1x1010 ≤ DATA
	operation range
			2 5 4 0 B E 3 F F	9999999999
		Hexadecimal	2 5 4 0 B E 3 F E	9999999998
			:	:
		Positive
			:	:
		Integer
			1	1
			0	0
			F F F F F F F F F F	–1
		Hexadecimal	F F F F F F F F F E	–2
		Negative	:	:
		Integer	:	:
		(Complement)	F D A B F 4 1 C 0 2	–9999999998
			F D A B F 4 1 C 0 1	–9999999999
	Outside the operation			DATA ≤ –1x1010
		range
	(20)	FIX
		[SCI] 1. Used to switch between display mode.

2. Used to set the number of digits display after the decimal point. Example:

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Key input [2] [÷] [3] [=]

FIX

[SHIFT] [SCI] [5]

FIX

[SCI]

FIX

[SHIFT] [SCI] [ • ]

(21) [X↔Y] : Exchange key.

display 0.666666666

0.66667

6.66667-01

6.6666666-01

Used to exchange the displayed number with the contents of an internal register.

(22) [a], [b], [R→P], [P→R] : Coordinate conversion.

a. These keys convert the rectangular coordinate into the polar coordinate and the polar coordinate into the rectangular coordinate. The range units that have been set by the [DRG] key follow.

b.Respective defined areas and accuracy are as shown in behind chart however, the range of θ obtained by R→P in degree is as follows:

1st	Quadrant	0°≤θ≤ 90°
2nd	Quadrant	90°≤θ≤ 180°
3rd	Quadrant	–180°≤θ≤–90°
4th	Quadrant	–90°≤θ≤ 0°

c.Input of 2 variable is performed by setting x or r pressing [a] key and y or θ pressing [b] key.

d.The operation result of x or r is obtained in the display register or by pressing [a] key and y or θ by pressing [b] key.

	Input Data			Result
	a	b	a		b
R→P	x	y	r		θ
(Rectangular→Polar)
P→R	r	θ	x		y
(Polar→Rectangular)

(→ r,θ) r = x 2 + y 2 ,θ= tan–1 y/x

(→ x, y) x = r cosθ, y = r sinθ

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e. (R→P Conversion)		f. (P→R Conversion)
([x, y] → [r,θ])		([r,θ] → [x, y])
Key operation	Display	Key operation	Display
x	x	θ	θ
a	x	b	θ
y	y	r	r
b	y	a	r
R→P	r	P→R	x
b	θ	b	y
		SD
(23) Statistical calculation mode ([SHIFT] [ON/C]).
a. When you calculate the calculation of statistics, pressing
SD	keys for statistics mode ("SD" sign ). When
[SHIFT] [ON/C]

you clear to statistics mode, press the same keys ([SHIFT]

SD

[ON/C] ).

b.You can't perform the memory calculation, parenthesis calculation or conversion of coordinates.

c. [DATA] : Data entry key.

[DEL] : Data clear key.

d.you can calculate the following statistical volume in this calculator.

1.n : Number of data (Number of sample).

2.Σx : Total of datum.

3.Σx2 : Total of square of each data.

4.x : Average of datum.

5.σn–1: The sample standard deviation of the data.

6.σn : The population standard deviation of the data.

					n
					∑xi	= Σx
				=	i =1
		x
					n
							n
	n
	∑(xi − x )2						Σx2 −(Σx2 ) / n
σn −1 =	i =1					=
	n −1						n −1
	n
	∑(xi − x )2						Σx2 −(Σx2 ) / n
σn =	i =1			=
	n						n
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CPLX

(24) [000] : Digit erase / Complex number mode key. When exponential portion is not specified:

[000] : Upon pressing this key immediately after the value is entered, displayed value is shifted to the right and the last digit is erased.

Example:	Entry	Display
123456 →		123456.
[00	0]→	12345.
[00 0] [00 0]→		123.
456→		123456.

When exponential portion is entered: Numberals in exponential ponential portion are shifted right and last digit is erased. At this point, 0 replaces the first digit in the exponential.

Example:	Entry		Display
5 [EXP] 24		→	5.	24
[00	0]	→	5.	02
[00	0]	→	5.	00
	42	→	5.	42

(25) y x [x y ]

[xy] :

[SHIFT] [CPLX] : Setting and clearing of complex number mode are executed alternately.

: Power / Root key

Press any number [x], [xy], any number [y], and [=] to raise y to the x power.

[SHIFT] [ y x ] : Press any number [x] [SHIFT] [ y x ], any number [y], and [=] to display the y root x.

DISPLAY

• Display style

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• Special display

Examples of display

•Floating of -6000 1/x; FIX =7

•Same as above, engineering display

•Error display

CALCULATION

1. Calculation order of priority.

Because there is automatic priority of operations Logic the calculations, may be performed as expressed in the equation. (Calculation order of priority).

1.Function calculations.

2.Calculation in ( ).

3.Power and Root calculation.

4.Multiplication and division.

5.Addition and subtraction.

(Where the priority of two operations are the same they are performed in the order in which they appear).

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5 ÷ 42 x 7 + 3 x 0.5COS60°
(1)	(4)
Example: (2)	(5)	= 4.308820344
(3)	(6)
(7)
Key Input	Display
[5] [÷]	5.
[4] [x2]	16.	.............. (1)
[x]	0.3125	.............. (2)
[7] [+]	2.1875	.............. (3)
[3] [x]	3.
[ • ] [5] [xy]	0.5
[6] [0] [cos]	0.5	.............. (4)
[=]	4.308820344	......(5)(6)(7)

When execution starts with high priority calculations it is necessary to save low priority calculation, and for that reason there are 6 internal storage levels supplied.

These storage levels are also used in calculations involving parenthesis, therefore as long as priority operations involving parenthesis do not exceed 15 levels the calculations may be performed as they appear in the equation.

2.Addition, subtraction, multiplication and division and constant calculations.

The added in addition, subtracted in subtraction, multiplicand in multiplication, the divisor in division and the x value in power (xy) and

Root ( y x ).Calculations takes on the value of constant. Example:

1. 123 + 456 =	7.	123 ÷ 4 =
2. 789 + 456 =	8.	456 ÷ 4 =
3. 123 – 456 =	9.	74	=
4. 789 – 456 =	10.	84	=

5. 123 x 456 =	11.	5 127	=
6. 123 x 789 =	12.	5 1024	=
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123 x 2

456 x 3

789 x 4

1470

6240

NO.	Key Input	Display
1 .	[1] [2] [3] [+] [4] [5] [6] [=]	579.
2 .	[7] [8] [9] [=]	1245.
3 .	[1] [2] [3] [–] [4] [5] [6] [=]	– 333.
4 .	[7] [8] [9] [=]	333.
5 .	[1] [2] [3] [x] [4] [5] [6] [=]	56088.
6 .	[7] [8] [9] [=]	97047.
7 .	[1] [2] [3] [÷] [4] [=]	30.75
8 .	[4] [5] [6] [=]	114.
9 .	[7] [xy] [4] [=]	2401.
10 .	[8] [=]	4096.
11 .	[1] [2] [7] [SHIFT] [ y x ] [5] [=]	2.634879413
12 .	[1] [0] [2] [4] [=]	4.

3. Memory calculation

Input and output the independent memory is done by pressing [X→M], [MR], [M+]

Example:

+)

Total

Key Input

[ON/C] [X→M] [1] [2] [3] [x] [2] [M+] [4] [5] [6] [x] [3] [M+] [7] [8] [9] [x] [4] [M+]

M

M

M

Display

0.

246.

1368.

3156.

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[1] [4] [7] [0] [M+]

[MR]

M

M

1470.

6240.

4. Calculations with parenthesis.

Parenthesis are used when it is desired to perform calculations in a first priority that usually followed for the +, –, x, ÷, xy, y x , operations.

In other words the “(” “)” force those prior operations it to be pending until the calculation inside the parenthesis are performed.

Parenthesis may be used in a chained calculation as long as the total of levels ending due to the automatic priority Logic and parenthesis does not exceed 15.

Example: 6+ [(5–3.6+5)x0.8–6] x3.2 =

	Key Input	Display
	[6] [+] [ ( ] [ ( ]	0.
[5] [–] [3] [ • ] [6] [+] [5] [ ) ]		6.4
	[x] [ • ] [8] [–] [6] [ ) ]	– 0.88
	[x] [3] [ • ] [2] [=]	3.184
5. Coordinate conversion:
(1) polar → rectangular
Example:
	Key Input	Display
y	[2] [a]	2.
	[60] [b]	60.
	[SHIFT] [P→R]	1.
x	[b]	1.732050808

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(2) rectangular → polar
Key Input		Display
y	[1] [a]	1.
[3] [	] [b]	1.732050808
[SHIFT] [R→P]		2.
x	[b]	60.

6. Complex Calculation

EXAMPLE		KEY	INPUT	DISPLAY
	[SHIFT] [CPLX]			DEG	CPLX
(5 + 4i) + (6 + 3i)					0.
= 11 + 7i	5	[a]		DEG	CPLX
					5.
	4	[b]		DEG	CPLX
					4.
	[+]			DEG	CPLX
					0.
	6	[a]		DEG	CPLX
					6.
	3	[b]		DEG	CPLX
					3.
	[=]			DEG	CPLX
					11.
	[b]			DEG	CPLX
					7.
EXAMPLE		KEY	INPUT	DISPLAY
	[ON/C]			DEG	CPLX
6 x (7 – 9i) x (–5 x 8i)					0.
= 222 + 606i	6	[a] [x]		DEG	CPLX
					0.
	7	[a] 9 [+/–] [b]		DEG	CPLX
					–9.
	[x]			DEG	CPLX
					0.

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	5 [+/–] [a] 8 [b]	DEG	CPLX
			8.
	[=]	DEG	CPLX
			222.
	[b]	DEG	CPLX
			606.

7. Statistical calculation.

Example:

(1)What is the average and standard deviation? Data: 55, 53, 57, 54, 51, 56, 55, 52

Key Input	Display	Note
	SD
[SHIFT] [SD]	0	set statistics mode
[5] [5] [DATA]	1	display the volume
[5] [3] [DATA]	2	of input data
[5] [7] [DATA]	3
[5] [4] [DATA]	4
[5] [1] [DATA]	5
[5] [6] [DATA]	6
[5] [5] [DATA]	7
[5] [2] [DATA]	8

[		]	54.125
	x
[SHIFT] [Σx]			433
[SHIFT] [Σx2]			23465
	[n]		8
[σn–1]			2.031009601
	[x2]		4.125
[SHIFT] [σn]			1.899835519
[SHIFT] [SD]			0

Average of datum Total of datum

Total of square of datum Number of input data

Standard deviation of samples (σn–1)

Unbiased of variance

Standard deviation of population (σn)

Clear the statistics mode ("SD" clear)

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	(2) Recorrect of data
	Key Input	Display Note
		SD
	[SHIFT] [SD]	0	Set statistics mode
	[5] [0] [DATA]	1
	[6] [0] [DATA]	2	Input the incorrect data (60)
	[6] [0] [SHIFT] [DEL]	1	Clear the incorrect data (60)
	[5] [6] [DATA]	2	Input the correct data (56)
	[5] [4] [x] [3] [DATA]	5	Input the incorrect data (54x3)
	[5] [4] [x] [3] [SHIFT] [DEL]	2	Clear the incorrect data (54x3)
	[5] [8] [x] [3] [DATA]	5	Input the correct data (58x3)
	[5] [2] [x] [4] [DATA]	9	Input the incorrect data (52x4)
	[5] [5] [DATA]	10	Input the correct data (55)
	[5] [2] [x] [4] [SHIFT] [DEL]	6	Clear the incorrect data (52x4)
	[SHIFT] [SD]	0	Clear the statistics mode ("SD"
			clear)

SPECIFICATIONS

Display capacity	: 10 digits full-floating or Mantissa 8 digits with
	Exponent 2 digits plus 2 negative code
	digits.
Components	: CMOS / LSI
Display	: Liquid crystal
Power supply	: 3V (DC) G13(LR44)x2 Approx. 1500 hours
	when used 2 hours a day.
Power consumption	: 0.15mw

Operation Temperature : 0°C ~ 40°C (32°F ~ 104°F)

AUTOMATIC POWER OFF

If any key is not pressed for about 7.5 minutes, the power is automatically shut off.

BATTERY REPLACEMENT

The calculator is powered by two alkaline batteries (G13 or LR44).

When the display dims, replace the batteries. Be careful not to be injured when you replace the battery.

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1.Unscrew the screws on the back of the calculator.

2.Insert a flat bladed screwdriver into the slot between the upper and lower case then carefully twist it to separate the case.

3.Remove both batteries and dispose of them properly. Never allow children to play with batteries.

4.Wipe off the new batteries with a dry cloth to maintain good contact.

5.Insert the two new batteries with their flat sides (plus terminals) up.

6.Align the upper and lower cases then snap them to close together.

7.Tighten the screws.

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	CONTENIDOS
CARACTERÍSTICAS ..........................................................		2
EL TECLADO Y CONTROLES OPERACIONALES ..........		2
VISUALIZACIÓN...............................................................		10
CÁLCULO.........................................................................		11
1.	Orden de prioridad del cálculo...........................................	11
2. Adición, resta, multiplicación y división y cálculos constantes.
	...........................................................................................	12
3.	Cálculo con memoria.........................................................	13
4.	Cálculos con paréntesis. ...................................................	14
5.	Conversión de coordenadas:.............................................	14
6.	Cálculos de Números Complejos ......................................	15
7.	Cálculo de estadística. ......................................................	16
ESPECIFICACIONES .......................................................		17
APAGADO AUTOMÁTICO...............................................		17
REEMPLAZO DE PILAS ..................................................		18

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CARACTERÍSTICAS

(1)Operaciones comunes.

Cuatro operaciones básicas (+, –, x, ÷), xy, y x , auto-constante, paréntesis, porcentaje.

(2)Cálculos con memoria (X→M, MR, M+).

(3)Funciones matemáticas generales:

Trigonometría (3)	Arc trigonometría (3)
Logaritmo (2)	Exponencial (2)
Cuadrado	Potencia
Raíz cuadrada	Raíz Cúbica
Raíz	π
Paréntesis	Recíproca
EXP	+/–
SCI	Factorial
DEG, RAD, GRAD	Conversión grados, minutos, segundos (2)
FIX	X↔Y
RND	Conversión de coordenadas.

(4)Modo binario, octal, decimal y hexadecimal.

Conversiones y cálculos entre números binarios, octales, decimales, y hexadecimales.

(5)Protección de memoria en el apagado.

(6)Apagado automático para mantener la duración de la batería.

(7)Cálculos estadísticos.

•Número de muestra (n).

•Total del cuadrado de todos los datos (Σx 2).

•Media ( x ).

•2 tipos de desviaciones padrones (σn–1, σn).

•Total de todos los datos (Σx).

(8)Conversión de coordenada de la función polar-rectangular con 2 variables.

EL TECLADO Y CONTROLES OPERACIONALES

SD

(1) [ON/C] : 1. Enciende y borra una condición de error.

2. Abre y borra el modo de estadística.

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x!

(2) [CE] : 1. Borra la tecla digitada.

2. Función factorial (x!).

x! = n x (n–1) x (n–2) x (n–3) x .....x 2 x 1

(3) [OFF] : Tecla de apagado.

(4) [SHIFT] : Esta es la tecla especificadora de la función secundaria.

Cuando se presiona esta tecla, un mensaje “SHIFT” aparece sobre la pantalla. Cuando se presiona dos veces seguidas, el modo función secundaria se desactiva.

(5) [DRG]: a. Esta tecla cambiará el modo de unidad de ángulo

secüencialmente DEG RAD GRAD y indicará sobre la pantalla LCD.

b.Presionando esta tecla después de la tecla [SHIFT] cambiase el modo de ángulo y convierte el dato sobre la pantalla.

DEG → RAD : RAD = DEG x π/180

RAD → GRAD : GRAD = RAD x 200/π GRAD → DEG : DEG = GRAD x 180/200

(6)[0] ~ [9] : Digitar estas teclas en su secuencia lógica para entrar

los datos.

(7) [RND] : a. Usado para definir el punto decimal durante la entrada de números.

b.Presionándola como primero número, se asumen como presionadas las teclas [0] y [ • ].

c.Aleatorio como segunda función.

Digitando esta tecla mostrará el número aleatorio. El intervalo de números aleatorios es 0.000~0.999.

(8) [+/–] : a. Entrando el dato en la sección de mantisa, esta tecla invierte el código del mismo modo como en la sección exponencial, ella invierte el código en la sección exponencial.

b.Para el resultado de la operación, esta tecla invierte el código en la sección de mantisas.

(9)[+], [–], [x], [ ÷ ], [ ( ], [ ) ]

a. Cuando las operaciones principales son ejecutadas por estas teclas según una expresión numérica, se obtiene un resultado de operación según las prioridades matemáticas. Prioridades discriminadas son:

1)Función con 1 variable.

2)Expresión entre "( )"; (La expresión más interna tiene prioridad en caso de paréntesis múltiplos)

3)xy, y x

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4)x, ÷

5)+, –

b.Siempre que se presiona la tecla, la calculadora discrimina las prioridades arriba y mantiene los datos y teclas de operación pendientes si necesario.

Esta acción pendiente es posible hasta 6 veces, y 15 niveles porque muchas operaciones pendientes generan error.

c.La tecla [ ( ] es aceptada solamente después de las teclas [CE], [+], [–], [x], [÷], [xy], [ y x ], [=], [ ( ] no ser aceptadas en todos los otros casos. Cuando se acepta esta tecla, el dato mostrado es ajustado a cero. Cuando se acepta la tecla [ ( ] primero, la pantalla especial “( )” se ilumina.

Después de completada una expresión dentro de paréntesis tecleando [ ) ] y [=] o borrando con la tecla [ON/C], etc. o cuando los errores son generados, el mensaje especial “( )” desaparece.

d.Si está dentro del intervalo permitido de pendencia, [ ( ] se puede insertarse en cualquer lugar en una expresión cuantas veces desear. No obstante, si usar la tecla continuamente 16 veces o más, generará error.

e.Del punto de vista de la expresión numérica cuando no se presiona la tecla correspondiente “ ) ”, la operación no se ejecuta aún que la tecla “ ( ” es usada. Por otro lado, cuando la tecla “ ( ” es presionada y la tecla “ = ” es usada sin teclear la correspondiente “ ) ”, la operación también se completará según la prioridad.

(10)[X→M], [MR], [M+] Cálculo con memoria

a.El registrador de memoria “M” usado por estas teclas es una memoria completamente independiente.

b.El dato visualizado es sumado a “M” (registrador de memoria) a través de la tecla [M+]. Si ocurrir desbordamiento de datos, ellos serán mantenidos.

c.El dato visualizado será memorizado en “M” con las teclas

[X→M].

d.El contenido de “M” es mostrado con la tecla [MR].

e.Cuando se memoriza cualquier dato excepto 0 en “M”, el indicador especial “M” aparecerá sobre la pantalla.

(11)[EXP] : 1. Tecla de función exponencial.

2.Esta tecla muestra el valor redondeado: 3.141592654.

(12)[%=] : Cálculos

a.En cualquier modo de función aritmética usado, el número sobre la pantalla se convierte de porcentaje para decimal.

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Ejemplo: 61.5%
Teclas digitadas	Pantalla
[6] [1] [ • ] [5] [SHIFT] [%]	0.615

b.Tecleando [=] después de [%] se ejecutará la siguiente función aritmética .

	EJEMPLO DE	TECLAS	PANTALLA LCD
	CÁLCULO
	CUANTO es 30% DE	450 [x] 30 [SHIFT] [%]	0.3
	450?	[=]	135.
	QUÉ PORCENTAJE	120 [÷] 600 [SHIFT] [%]	6.
	DE 600 es 120?
		[=]	20.
	(120÷600x100=20)
	CUANTO ES LA
	SUMA DE 25% DE	400 [+] 25 [SHIFT] [%]	100.
	400 ?
		[=]	500.
	(400+(400x25/100)
	=500)
	CUANTO es
	DESCUENTO 25%	400 [–] 25 [SHIFT] [%]	100.
	DE 400 ?
		[=]	300.
	(400–(400x25/100)
	=300)

(13)Función trigonométrica y sus inversas / Función hiperbólica y sus inversas (1-variable)

([sin], [cos], [tan], [sin–1], [cos–1], [tan–1]).

Estas funciones son calculadas según las respectivas áreas definidas y precisión mostradas en los esquemas anteriores, cualquier resultado visualizado puede tornarse operadores.

(14)Funciones exponenciales y logaritmicas (1-variable).

([In], [log], [eX], [10X]) Como en las funciones trigonométricas.

(15)Recíproca, Cuadrado, Raíz Cuadrada, y Raíz Cúbica.

([1/x] , [x2], [ ] , [ 3 ]) Como en las funciones trigonométricas.

(16) [

] a. Estas teclas convierten grados, minutos, segundos, en

grado decimal, y grado decimal en grados, minutos, y segundos.

b.En el formato “ ” , la parte entera del dato visualizado es considerada como grado, 2 dígitos después del punto decimal como minutos y los siguientes como segundos.

Ejemplo:
[	]	<grado minuto segundo>
2.111111111 [SHIFT] [	]	2	06	3999
		(39.99 segundos)

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(17)Modo binario ([SHIFT], [BIN], [0], [1] ).

a.Dato de entrada y salida son ambos enteros binarios con el máximo de 10 dígitos.

b.Un número negativo se expresa en binario del complemento de dos.

c.El intervalo de operaciones internas es como visualizado abajo y si el resultado de la operación exceder el intervalo, generará error (desbordamiento).

		Número binario			Número decimal
Fuera del intervalo			___		512 ≤ DATA
de operación
			111111111		511
			111111110		510
Entero			111111101		509
				:	:
Binario
				:	:
Positivo
				10	2
				1	1
				0	0
			111111111		–1
Entero			111111110		–2
			111111101		–3
Binario
			:	:	:
Negativo
			:	:	:
(Complemento)
			1000000001		–511
			1000000000		–512
Fuera del intervalo de					DATA ≤ –512
operación
	OCT
(18) Modo octal ( [SHIFT], [		x	], [0] ~ [7] ).

a. Dato de entrada y de salida son ambos enteros octales con un máximo de 10 dígitos.

b. Un número negativo se expresa sobre la pantalla de número octal del complemento de dos.

c. El intervalo de operaciones internas es como visualizado abajo y si el resultado de la operación exceder el intervalo, generará error (desbordamiento).

		Número octal	Número decimal
	Fuera del intervalo de	___	536870912 ≤
	operación		DATA
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		3777777777		536870911
	Entero	3777777776		536870910
			:	:
	Octal
			:	:
	Positivo
			1	1
			0	0
		777777777		–1
	Entero	777777776		–2
		111111101
	Octal
		:	:	:
	Negativo
		:	:	:
	(Complemento)
		4000000001		–536870911
		4000000000		–536870912
	Fuera del intervalo			DATA
	de operación			≤ –536870913

(19)Modo hexadecimal ([SHIFT], [HEX], [0] ~ [9], [A] ~ [F]).

a.Dato de entrada y de salida son ambos enteros hexadecimales con un máximo de 10 dígitos.

b.Un número negativo se expresa en un número hexadecimal del complemento de dos.

c.El intervalo de operación interna es mostrado abajo y si el resultado de la operación exceder el intervalo, generará error

(desbordamiento).

		Número hexadecimal	Número decimal
	Fuera del intervalo de	___	1x1010 ≤ DATA
	operación
		2 5 4 0 B E 3 F F	9999999999
	Entero	2 5 4 0 B E 3 F E	9999999998
		:	:
	Hexadecimal
		:	:
	Positivo
		1	1
		0	0
		F F F F F F F F F F	–1
	Entero	F F F F F F F F F E	–2
	Hexadecimal	:	:
	Negativo	:	:
	(Complemento)	F D A B F 4 1 C 0 2	–9999999998
		F D A B F 4 1 C 0 1	–9999999999
	Fuera del intervalo de		DATA ≤ –1x1010
	operación
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FIX

(20) [SCI] 1. Usado para conmutar entre los modos de visualización.

2.Usado para definir el número de dígitos visualizados después del punto decimal.

Ejemplo: Entrada

[2] [÷] [3] [=]

FIX

[SHIFT] [SCI] [5]

FIX

[SCI]

FIX

[SHIFT] [SCI] [ • ]

(21) [X↔Y] : Tecla de Cambio.

Visualización

0.666666666

0.66667

6.66667-01

6.6666666-01

Usada para cambiar el número visualizado con el contenido de un registrador interno.

(22)[a], [b], [R→P], [P→R] : Conversión de coordenadas.

a.Estas teclas convierten coordenada rectangular para coordenada polar y coordenada polar para coordenada rectangular. El intervalo de unidades definidas por la tecla [DRG] es como sigue.

b.Áreas respectivas definidas y precisión son mostradas en los esquemas anteriores, no obstante el intervalo obtenido por

R→P en grados es como sigue:

1st	Quadrante	0°≤θ≤ 90°
2nd	Quadrante	90°≤θ≤ 180°
3rd	Quadrante –180°≤θ≤–90°
4th	Quadrante	–90°≤θ≤ 0°

c.Se ejecuta la entrada de 2 variables definindo x o r presionandose la tecla [a] y y o θ presionandose la tecla [b].

d.El resultado de la operación de x o r es obtenido en el registrador de visualización o presionandose la tecla [a] y y θ presionandose la tecla [b].

		Datos Entrados		Resultado
		a	b	a	b
	R→P	x	y	r	θ
	(Rectangular→Polar)
	P→R	r	θ	x	y
	(Polar→Rectangular)

(→ r, θ) r = x 2 + y 2 ,θ= tan–1 y/x

(→ x, y) x = r cosθ, y = r sinθ

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e. (R→P Conversión)			f. (P→R Conversión)
([x, y] → [r, θ])				([r, θ] → [x, y])
Teclas		Visualización	Teclas		Visualización
x		x		θ	θ
a		x		b	θ
y		y		r	r
b		y		a	r
R→P		r	P→R		x
b		θ		b	y
(23) Modo de cálculo estadístico ([SHIFT]				SD
				[ON/C]).
a. Cuando se calcula estadística, digite					las teclas	[SHIFT]
SD	para modo estadístico (segno "SD"). Para borrar el
[ON/C]
modo estadístico, digite			las	mismas teclas		([SHIFT]
SD	).
[ON/C]

b.No es posible ejecutar el cálculo con memoria o con paréntesis o conversión de coordenadas.

c.[DATA] : Tecla para entrada de datos.

[DEL] : Tecla para borrar datos.

d.se puede calcular el siguiente volumen estadístico en esta calculadora.

1.n : Número del dato (Número de la muestra).

2.Σx : Total de datos.

3.Σx2 : Total del cuadrado de cada dato.

4.x : Media de los datos.

5.σn–1: La desviación padrón de muestra del dato.

6.σn : La desviación padrón populacional del dato.

					n
					∑xi	= Σx
				=	i =1
		x
					n
							n
	n
	∑(xi − x )2						Σx2 −(Σx2 ) / n
σn −1 =	i =1					=
	n −1						n −1
	n
	∑(xi − x )2						Σx2 −(Σx2 ) / n
σn =	i =1			=
	n						n

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CPLX

(24) [000] :

Borra dígito/Tecla para o modo de números complejos. Cuando la parte exponencial no está especificada:

[000]: Digitando esta tecla después de inserir los datos, el valor sobre la visualización se desplaza a la derecha de la pantalla y se borra el último digito.

Ejemplo:	Entrada		Visualización
	123456→		123456.
	[00	0]→	12345.
[00	0] [00	0]→	123.
	456→		123456.

Cuando la parte exponencial es especificada: Los numerales de la parte exponencial son desplazados a la derecha y se borra el último dígito. En este punto, 0 sustituye el primero digito en exponencial.

Ejemplo:	Entrada		Visualización
	5 [EXP] 24 →		5.	24
	[00	0]→	5.	02
	[00	0]→	5.	00
		42→	5.	42

[SHIFT] [CPLX] : La entrada y anulación del modo para números complejos se ejecuta alternadamente.

(25)	y x	]	: Tecla para Potencia / Raíz
	[x y

[xy] : Digitar cualquier número [x], [xy], cualquier número [y], y [=] para elevar x a potencia y.

[SHIFT] [ y x ] : Digitar cualquier número [x] [SHIFT] [ y x ], un número [y], y [=] para obtener la raíz y de x.

VISUALIZACIÓN

• Formato de Visualización

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• Visualización Especial

Ejemplos de visualización

•Aproximadamente -6000 1/x; FIX =7

•Lo mismo arriba, notación de ingeniería

•Condición de error

CÁLCULO

1. Orden de prioridad del cálculo.

Debido a la orden automática lógica para prioridad de operaciones, los cálculos deberán ser ejecutados como expresos en las equaciones. (Orden de prioridad de cálculo).

1.Cálculos de funciones.

2.Expresiones entre ( ).

3.Cálculo de Potencia y Raíz.

4.Multiplicación y división.

5.Adición y resta.

(Si ha prioridad de dos operaciones es la misma, ellas son ejecutadas en la orden que aparecen).

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